US1775981A - Process for forming magnetic elements - Google Patents

Process for forming magnetic elements Download PDF

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Publication number
US1775981A
US1775981A US331902A US33190229A US1775981A US 1775981 A US1775981 A US 1775981A US 331902 A US331902 A US 331902A US 33190229 A US33190229 A US 33190229A US 1775981 A US1775981 A US 1775981A
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magnetic
rings
elements
gap
magnetic elements
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US331902A
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Arthur P Warner
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Warner Electric Brake Corp
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Warner Electric Brake Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S29/00—Metal working
    • Y10S29/039—Spraying with other step
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49075—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor including permanent magnet or core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
    • Y10T29/49865—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part by temperature differential [e.g., shrink fit]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49885—Assembling or joining with coating before or during assembling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49945—Assembling or joining by driven force fit

Definitions

  • Patented Sept. 16, 1930 4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ARTHUR P. WARNER, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO WARNER ELECTRIC BRAKE l CORPORATION, OF SOUTH BELOIT, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS PROCESS FOR EORMING MAGNETIC ELEMENTS Application filed January 11, 1929. Serial No. 331,902.
  • This invention relates to improvements in the formation of electromagnetic elements and more particularly to elements which are used in electromagnetic friction devices such 5 as clutches and brakes.
  • rIhe primary object of the present invention is to simplify the formation ofvmagnetic elements of the above character by providing a novel process for inserting the non-magnetic strip of material between the sections of which the element is composed.
  • the invention also aims to provide a novel ⁇ Figures l and 2 are sectional views of magnetic elements constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of an electromagnetic element illustrating one way of applying the non-magnetic coating thereto.
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of a surface of a mag*v netic element partially coated.
  • Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevational View of a completed magnetic element.
  • Figure l shows a magnetic friction element constituting an armature for the annular magnet disclosed in Fig. 2, each of these element-s being constructed with a gap interposed in its magnetic flux path which is indicated in dotted outline. It will be understood that for any two cooperating elements only one non-magnetic gap need be provided and that this may be located either in the armature or in the magnet core. For convenience of explanation the present method will be described with reference to the formation of the gap in the armature ring.
  • two rings 6 and 7 of magnetic iron are formed of such diameters that the smaller will fit loosely within the larger ring. That is to say there is a gap left between the two elements when arranged in concentric relation, the radial width of which gap is slightly less than the width of the non-magnetic gap to be formed.
  • a gap of .O03 inch has been found to be wide enough to substantially eliminate the residual magnetism which would otherwise tend to develop.
  • An adhering coating 8 of non-magnetic material is then deposited on the outer pe- Vi/'hleithe'coating may be magneticr ripheral: surface of the vrsmaller Y ring or r on the innersurface ofthe larger ring; V'This'. may be'raccomplished inany preferred inan- Y jner suchfas by the well known Schoop proc-V essof metal kspraying or the layer may be depositedebyy electro plating; lig..f2 yillustrates the manner. of applying: the coating v l by the Schoopprocessto the external pe-f -l riphery vof the inner ring 6. To.
  • a" nozzle Q is directed toward vthe VVsurface tok j be coatedandhydrogen and ⁇ oxygen' streams are caused to lowunderpressurethrough the passagewaysvgl() inthe 'nozzlef
  • TheseH jgases ignite withinthe y nozzle and serye/toV melt and atomizemetalsuch as brass trom a Y rodllwhich visnfed throughthe centerof the nozzle
  • the finelyldiyided molten particles thus projected at high Velocityagainst the'surface of the ring,:.congeal onk the sui'-V faceand :unitewith each other to torin'the tenaciously;:adhering coating.
  • Y y formed at a plurality of annularly spaced points around they ring it is preferred tojcoat the'. entire inner surface with ala-yer of uniform thickerness; Thismay ⁇ be accomplishedby rotating.
  • annular mageneticelement which consists in4 constructing two ringsipf'magneticfmaterialadaptedztolit jointsie withinithe'other, lformingr an adhering p Y 'knonfmagnetic layer on theperipheral surface, e Y

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Sept. 16, 1930. A P, WARNER 1,775,981
PROCESS FOR FORMING MAGNETIC ELEMENTS Filed Jan. 1l, 1929 Illllllllllm:
Patented Sept. 16, 1930 4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ARTHUR P. WARNER, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO WARNER ELECTRIC BRAKE l CORPORATION, OF SOUTH BELOIT, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS PROCESS FOR EORMING MAGNETIC ELEMENTS Application filed January 11, 1929. Serial No. 331,902.
`This invention relates to improvements in the formation of electromagnetic elements and more particularly to elements which are used in electromagnetic friction devices such 5 as clutches and brakes.
In ordinary magnetic friction devices wherein the coacting surfaces of the magnet andl its armature are brought into gripping engagement by magnetic attraction, residual magnetism of considerable Ymagnitude de velops upon the interruption of the energizing circuit. This prolongs the adherence of the elements thereby preventing release of the clutch or brake as the case may be.
One way to eliminate this undesirable effect is to--provide a non-magnetic gap of fixed reluctance in the magnetic circuit. @wing to the small dimension of the gap it is customary to make the magnetic element in two 2c parts between which is inserted a thin sheet of brass or other non-magnetic material.
This method when employed inthe formation of annular magnetic elements requires great'precision in the formation of the rings and in securing themrtogethe-r in order` to form an element having the desired rigidity. As a result the elements of this character heretofore constructed have been unduly costly.
rIhe primary object of the present invention is to simplify the formation ofvmagnetic elements of the above character by providing a novel process for inserting the non-magnetic strip of material between the sections of which the element is composed.
In practicing this improved method two separate magnetic rings are formed of proper dimensions and an adhering coating of nonmagnetic metal is deposited around all or part of the peripheral surface of one of the elements after which the two elements are assembled leaving the non-magnetic sheet of metal between them.
The invention also aims to provide a novel` Figures l and 2 are sectional views of magnetic elements constructed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of an electromagnetic element illustrating one way of applying the non-magnetic coating thereto.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a surface of a mag*v netic element partially coated.
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevational View of a completed magnetic element.
While the invention is susceptible ofvarious modifications and alternative constructions, I have shown in the drawings and will herein describe in detail the preferred embodiment, but it is to be understood that I do not thereby intend to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed, but intend to cover all modifications and alternative constructions falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.
Referring now to the drawings, Figure l shows a magnetic friction element constituting an armature for the annular magnet disclosed in Fig. 2, each of these element-s being constructed with a gap interposed in its magnetic flux path which is indicated in dotted outline. It will be understood that for any two cooperating elements only one non-magnetic gap need be provided and that this may be located either in the armature or in the magnet core. For convenience of explanation the present method will be described with reference to the formation of the gap in the armature ring.
In constructing the annular armature two rings 6 and 7 of magnetic iron are formed of such diameters that the smaller will fit loosely within the larger ring. That is to say there is a gap left between the two elements when arranged in concentric relation, the radial width of which gap is slightly less than the width of the non-magnetic gap to be formed. In the present type of magnet a gap of .O03 inch has been found to be wide enough to substantially eliminate the residual magnetism which would otherwise tend to develop.
An adhering coating 8 of non-magnetic material is then deposited on the outer pe- Vi/'hleithe'coating may be magneticr ripheral: surface of the vrsmaller Y ring or r on the innersurface ofthe larger ring; V'This'. may be'raccomplished inany preferred inan- Y jner suchfas by the well known Schoop proc-V essof metal kspraying or the layer may be depositedebyy electro plating; lig..f2 yillustrates the manner. of applying: the coating v l by the Schoopprocessto the external pe-f -l riphery vof the inner ring 6. To. this end a" nozzle Qis directed toward vthe VVsurface tok j be coatedandhydrogen and `oxygen' streams are caused to lowunderpressurethrough the passagewaysvgl() inthe 'nozzlef TheseH jgases ignite withinthe y nozzle and serye/toV melt and atomizemetalsuch as brass trom a Y rodllwhich visnfed throughthe centerof the nozzle The finelyldiyided molten particles, thus projected at high Velocityagainst the'surface of the ring,:.congeal onk the sui'-V faceand :unitewith each other to torin'the tenaciously;:adhering coating. Y y: formed at a plurality of annularly spaced points around they ring it is preferred tojcoat the'. entire inner surface with ala-yer of uniform thickerness; Thismay` be accomplishedby rotating.
the ringrelative to the nozzle at a uni-torni rate, thepthickness of. the coating being de termined by the ratefoffsrelatire inotioirbe#l :5z tween the spray nozzle andthe ring surface. v:After depositing the nonemagnetic coat ing the two rings ,6 and. Tmay be torcedrto-` gether by the 'application of axialV pressure or the outer ring may be shrunk by thermal 3i' contraction onto'the inner; ring. In' the latter casiethe ring 7 is expanded by heat to a point atfwhich itzwill receivetthe inner ringr 6. When thus assembled' witligtheir surfaces l2 in acommon plane, the ringsareallowed to cool,- the contraction of the outer one pro-V 1 ducing a tight lit between them and produc--4 inga'n extremely rigidstructure of the'inageV neticel'ement as'alwhole. I Y
.To VVsecurely lock theV vtwo rings .together against possible relative rotation Vwhen en# vgaging a ycoactingfmagnetic'.element under; vhigh axialpressure suitable ,keysl lof'nonmagnetic material niayabe employedL These may Vvbe'fornied by drilling holes in the magnetic element atthe junctionbetween the two rings@ These holeseare then'plugged with if non-magnetic material: suoli as bronze so as, y
topreserve the non;magneticl gap between the rings.' ZVVhen bronze is used .it maybe melted a n Y l c I claim asmyinvention:
n l The method offorming'anannularmagnet-ic element which consists in'constructingV two rings ofm'agn'etic 'inaterialladapted to iit one within` the other, :depositing an 'adhere v formed by the two rings.
'erVbetiiveentliemf-, y .Y l 5. The method of forming anannularmag-.fff netic elementwhich consists `in constructing two rings of magnetic material adapted to litv -ing'coating of non-magnetic material on the Y peripheral surface of one ofi-*said rings, and" vassemblingthe` rings with said coating bef" `rtween them.`v`
2. The method ofrforininganlannular magone withinthe other, coating portions of the peripheral surface of one of said rings with f'. an adheringlayer ofnon-magnetic material,y and assembling thejftwo f ringsso `that said llayerormsma gap o'lgiixed reluctanceV in thev "10F netidelemente-which consistsz'inponstructing l twofringsofl-magneticmaterialadapted to fit magneticfiiu-X path?throughY thekr elementf- 3. Themetliod offfo'rming an annular mageneticelement which consists in4 constructing two ringsipf'magneticfmaterialadaptedztolit joiie withinithe'other, lformingr an adhering p Y 'knonfmagnetic layer on theperipheral surface, e Y
of one of-said rings by depositing `non-magj 'netic metal thereon, vand assembling the twol 'Y epfl' ringswith: said layer at the point ofjjunction between the rings'.
' K f 4. VThe method of forming aiinu'larmagr Yy netic element ywhich consists in constructing` two rings of magnetic material1 adapted to'fit one within theother,V depositing a layer'of i nonmagneticmetalon the peripheral-surface n* *Y of one of'said rings by spraying'molten atomi' izedA metal yunder pressure against said sur! face, vand assembling said-.rings one 4within thegother, coatin'gportions of the peripheralsurface ofone of said rings with an adhering layerof nonfinagnetic material,
and shrinking the larger ringiby thermal conf Y i Y traction onto the smaller ringwith said layer l between them- The method'of orminganvaiinular mag- 'i netic elementi, which consists iny constructingl two rings of magnetic material adapted to'fit one within the other, coating portions of the peripheral surface of one' of said rings with an adheringlayer offnon-magnetic n'iaterial,y
fittingfthe two rings together vwith said layer 'betweenthem7 and keying the twofrings'to-y 'f gether. v
IIn testimony rwhereo'i",`r l have hereunto af'-V iXed my signature.
ARTHUR n wARNER
US331902A 1929-01-11 1929-01-11 Process for forming magnetic elements Expired - Lifetime US1775981A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2443756A (en) * 1942-12-26 1948-06-22 Brush Dev Co Magnetic material
US2648124A (en) * 1947-08-09 1953-08-11 Duyck Georges Method of manufacturing electromagnets
US2666187A (en) * 1949-06-28 1954-01-12 Automatic Mfg Corp Variable inductance
US2867894A (en) * 1954-11-29 1959-01-13 Aladdin Ind Inc Magnetically enclosed coil
US3017545A (en) * 1954-08-12 1962-01-16 Alfred E Herzer Device for magnetic clamping
US3111735A (en) * 1961-04-10 1963-11-26 Ellis Robert Flexible permanent magnet
US3171995A (en) * 1959-11-20 1965-03-02 Prec Mecanique Labinal Rotary device for coupling, with slip, a variable speed driving shaft to a driven shaft having substantially consant speed
US3332145A (en) * 1964-12-16 1967-07-25 Warner Electric Brake & Clutch Method of making a magnetic ring
US3716905A (en) * 1970-09-18 1973-02-20 Ncr Method of making connection between a printing drum and torsion shaft
US20070013159A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2007-01-18 Mestre Miquel T Knuckle and bearing assembly and process of manufacturing same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2443756A (en) * 1942-12-26 1948-06-22 Brush Dev Co Magnetic material
US2648124A (en) * 1947-08-09 1953-08-11 Duyck Georges Method of manufacturing electromagnets
US2666187A (en) * 1949-06-28 1954-01-12 Automatic Mfg Corp Variable inductance
US3017545A (en) * 1954-08-12 1962-01-16 Alfred E Herzer Device for magnetic clamping
US2867894A (en) * 1954-11-29 1959-01-13 Aladdin Ind Inc Magnetically enclosed coil
US3171995A (en) * 1959-11-20 1965-03-02 Prec Mecanique Labinal Rotary device for coupling, with slip, a variable speed driving shaft to a driven shaft having substantially consant speed
US3111735A (en) * 1961-04-10 1963-11-26 Ellis Robert Flexible permanent magnet
US3332145A (en) * 1964-12-16 1967-07-25 Warner Electric Brake & Clutch Method of making a magnetic ring
US3716905A (en) * 1970-09-18 1973-02-20 Ncr Method of making connection between a printing drum and torsion shaft
US20070013159A1 (en) * 2005-03-23 2007-01-18 Mestre Miquel T Knuckle and bearing assembly and process of manufacturing same

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