US1706574A - Electric transformer - Google Patents

Description

March 26, 1929.

J. B. HQDTUM ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER Filed March 15, 192'? avwamt oz JoMp/z Bern/1am! Haitian Patented Mar. 26, 192.9e

UNITED STATES JGSEIPH BERNHARDT HOJDTUMI, U]? PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO EITTSBURGH QPEANQFQRMER COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER.

Application filed March 15, 1927. Serial No. 175,457.

This invention relates to electric transformers which are adapted to be immersed in oil contained in a tank or casing and more particularly to means for circulating the oil t; through the tank.

I have found that is important to maintain a high rate oi circulation of the oil with in a transformer tank for the purpose of more rapidly cooling the oil which is heated In by the working oil" the transformer contained in the tank. This increases the rate of radiation of the heat and maintains lower tempera ture at the transforinein The object of the present invention is to provide at system for maintaining and increasing the rate of circulation within the transformer tank to eliiectively and rspidly cool the oil heated by the operation of the transformer immersed in the oil within the tank.

further object of the invention is to coin hine the system with the transformer circuits in such a way that the rapidity of the circulartion will vary with the load increasing; with an increasing load and decreasing with e. decreasing load.

Further objects and advantages will he spparent from the following specifications the accompanying drawings in which igure 1 is a side elevation of a transformer tank with portions broken away to more cleerly illustrate the invention, and

Figure 2 is a sectional vicw'tshen on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view on line 3-8 of Figure 1, and

Figure 4: is a diagraniniaticsl View the hlowcrnniotor connection to the transformer.

in the drawings a tonic adapted to con tain oil and the electric zuiparatus inuuerseci therein is provided with a series ot rudia'lors ll communicating with the interior of the tank The radiators ll communicate with 'terior of the tank 10 by means of oil or connections 12 act the top and oil psssuges or connections 13 at the bolt the tank. ihe oil within the tenh'. on .hested hy the operation of the electric rntus therein will expand and to of the tank, pass out through cor radiators 11 Where it is cooler; turned to the tank through the co 18 at the bottom, thus completing of circulation for coolin the oil To increase this rate ot nstursl circuletion of the oil a portion of the oil is withdrawn fronrthe tank through pipe connection 14 entering the interior of the tank at the bottom and which extends above the bottom of the tank and terminates adjacent the top of the tank. The pipe connection can be so sitnoted that the oil may be withdrawn from any part of the tank and the position of the pipe connection 14 as shown in the drawings is nierely one illustrative position of the same. 'l ne pipe connection 14 is attached to the suction or inlet of an oil pump 15 which is opereted by an electric motor 16. The motor 16 is connected to the secondary winding 17 of the transformer contained. within the tank l6. The primary winding 18 of the trans- :tornier is in series with the load so that the speed of the motor 16 will var with the load. it will he readily seen that the speed the motor 16 which drives the circulating oil 15 will mrywith the load on the tra :lSfOl'InGi and the circulation of the oil varied accordingly. The oil is forced under pressure hy the oil pump through a pipe connection 19 connected to the outlet of the pump. The pipe connection 19 merges into and is connected to an annular header 20 encircling the bottom of the tank adjacent to and above the radiator connections 13. The oil is therefore forced through the annular header 20 circulating about the tank. This annular header is provided with downvmrdl'v ext-ending inject tubes :21 st each rsdisto r connection which enter the connections through a fluid tight joint and are provided with inwardly directed tips or nozzles 22 located at the centre of the connection 13 where the connections are attached to the trans former casing.

It is up arent that the oil on heinp; forced through t is injector tuhes 21 under pressure and at a greater velocity than the oil passing through the connections l3 hy normal circulation will impart energ rounding the tips 22 causing" the velocity of oil nections 13., consequently causingan in creased rate of circulation throughout the entire circul 1g system, thus providing an increased rote of cooling of the oil and a. more eiitlcient operation of the electric apparatus cont ned within the tank.

.111 the cii-i. ulntory system of this invention 2. single plifllp is used to drew increased cir culetion through each 0" eithan inert-vase in to the oil sur :(lll

passing through the conout in any Way impairing or interfering with the natural gravity circulation. \Vhere the pump drive is connected to varyin speed with the load the circulation is also automatically controlled to have a maximum effect when the greatest cooling is required, at the same time saving in current and avoiding excessive cooling at low loads and stopping thepower circulation automatically when the transformer loadis substantially cut oil'. ,In case of failure/of the pump or with Very low loadsor no load the natural gravity circulation through the cooling tankswill come into full eilect maintaining a cooling circulation snflicient to avoid dangerous rise a in the temperature transformer.

I claim:

1. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, injector tubes connected to the interior of the bottom connections of said radiators for increasing the circulation of the oil within the tank.

52. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, injector tubes connected to the interior of the bottom connections of said radiators for'increasing the circulation of the oil within the tank and means for forcing the oil through said injector tubes in' proportion to the load on the transformer.

3. A.transi'or1ncr tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having'top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, injector tubes connected to the interior of the bottom connections of said radiators for increasing the circulation of the oil Within the tank and an oil pump for forcing oil through said injectors.

4. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, injector tubes connectcd to the interior of the bottom connections of said radiators for increasing the circulation of the oil within the tank and an oil pump for forcing the oil through said intransformer. i r I 5. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, injector tubes connected to the interior of the bottom connections of said radiators for increasing the circulation of the oil within the tank and means operated by said transformer for forcing the oil through said injector tubes in proportion to the load on the transformer.

1 6. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having top and bottom connections injector.

7. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, radiators for said tank having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, an annular header, injector tubes protruding from said header and extending into the radiator connections adjacent to the bottom of the tank and an oil pump for forcing oil from said tank through said header and injector tubes to in crease the rate of circulation of the oil through the interior of the tank.

8. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, a radiator for said tank having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank said radiator and tank constituting an oil circuit, means for increasing the flow in said circuit comprising a conduit extending from a point at one level of the oil in said tank to another level, said conduit terminating at said other level in one of said connections and having its dischar e opening directed in the normal direction of flow in said circuit, and a pump interposed in said conduit. i

9. A transformer tank adapted to contain I oil, a transformer in said tank, a radiator for said to nk having top and bottom connections to the interior of said tank, said radiator and tank constituting an oil circuit, and an injector tube disposed in one of said connec tions, said tube being directed in the normal direction of How in said circuit for increasing said How.

10. A transformer tank adapted to contain oil, a transformer in said tank, a radiator for said tank having top and bottom connections 1 I r j to the interior of said tank, said radiator and Jector tubes in proportion to the load on the tank constituting an oil circuit, an injector tube disposed in one of said connections, said tube. being directed in the normal direction of How in said circuit for increasing said flow, and an oil pump connected to said tank for re moving oil therefrom and forcing it through said injector.

JOSEPH BERNHARDT HODTUM.

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