US1665910A - Phil c - Google Patents

Description

April 10, 1928. 1,665,910

G. K. DAVOL LOCOMOTIVE Filed Oct. 19; 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I.

.B%Y i0 %VVENTOR.I

April 10, 1928. 1,665,910

G. K. DAVOL LOCOMOTIVE Filed Oct. 10, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet FIG 2.

INVENTOR.

BY M ig mu; A TTQRNEYS.

April 10, 1928.

G. K. DAVOL LOGOMOTIVE Filed Oct. 10, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 n mI l V INVENTOR.

Mm ,(MOA TTORNEYS.

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Patented Apr. 10, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE.

GEORGE K. DAVOL, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA; PHIL G. KA'IZ ADMINISTRATOR OF GEORGE K. DAVOL, DECEASED.

LOCOMOTIVE.

Application filed October 10, 1925.

My invention has to do with that class of locomotives in which an internal combustion engine is used to drive an electric generator which furnishes power to electric motors acting on the driving axles and wheels of the locomotive, or on the axles and wheels.

of the-locomotive tender or of other connected vehicles 1 One of the principal objects of my invention is to produce a locomotive of the internal combustion electric typewhich can be given very largepower without exceeding the limitations of weight and size which are now commonly observed in connection with the design of steam'locomotives. My further objectin this inventionis to simplify the design of such a locomotiveand reduce its cost of manufacture. i v

Locomotives of the internal combustion electric type in order to successfully compete with existin steam locomotives must be substantially as powerful; and difliculty is usually encountered in getting into the allowable overall dimensions as well as Within the permissible weights, which the locomotive application presents, an internal combustion engine, with transmitting mechanism, of such power as would be desired.

In the modern steam locomotive We find a most economical and efficient utilization of metal, in that the structural strength of the locomotive as a whole is attained through the utilization, for frame or structural purposes, of par s which are primarily engine parts, or vice-verse.

In the design of an internal combustion engine locomotive of large power, a difficulty that is usually presented is that the form of the oil engine itself is in 'inostcases not adaptable to the form of the space available. in that some of its dimensions are usually found to project beyond the limiting dimensions of the locomotive, and its form and framing do not usually readilycombine with the locomotive structural arrangements.

It is, therefore, required in order to get large powers into a locomotive of this type, that there be a co-operative utilization of metal, or that parts be designed and disposed so that, as far possible, they may Serial No. 61,659.

serve a double purpose, and that parts which may primarily be engine parts will work into the design of the locomotive as a whole, to maintain the strength of the locomotive structure.

It is further required that the design of the internal combustion engine be such that a large piston displacement is combined with a compact form, and a form which; advantageously combines with the structure and form of the locomotive.

' My invention is based on these requirements and discloses a form of engine of extreme compactness and small size for a given piston displacement and which combines readily and advantageously with the structural framing and form of the locomotive. I am in consequence, for example, able to provide that the main frames or side frames of the locomotives also serve as the side frames of the engine itself, and that the engine bed plate or crank case bottom, also serves as the lateral stiffening of the locomotive structure. The engine I provide is narrow, low, and long, going easily into the limited height available and combining most advantageously in many ways with the 1ocomotivestructure.

My invention utilizes a form of internal combustion engine which is described in my application for patent, filed January 5th, 1925. inthe United States Patent Otlice, Serial. No. 537.

For more detailed description of my invention I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which: t

Figure l is a side view of a form of locomotive embodying my invention. This fig ure 'showsthe side of the cab structure removed, as well as otherzof'the less essential parts, and indicates only the combined er-- rangement of the principal features ofthe locomotive; i

. Fig. 2 is'a longitudinal vertical partial section through the center of the locomotive showing only the principal parts which com.- bine to form my invention. In the form of locomotive here illustrated, the two ends of the locomotive onqeach side of the center-line AA are almost identical;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial section taken on the plane of the axes of two of the en gine cylinders, which is a longitudinal vertical plane on the line B-B in Fig. 4. This view simply serves to explain the operation of the engine itself, which is further explained in my U. S. patent application of January 5th, 1925, Serial No. 537, before referred to;

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross sect-ion of the locomotive taken on line C C in Figures 1, 2 and 3; and

Fig. 5 is a partial vertical cross section on the line A.-A in Figures 1' and 2 and shows the arrangement of blower and cam shaft gears.

' All parts shown and referred to are given the same reference numbers in all the drawmgs.

In the embodiment of myinvention here illustrated and described, the internal combustion engine comprises eight cylinders 1, Fig. 3, in which cylinders two pistons 2 reciprocate. These cylinders are all ar-' ranged horizontally and are symmetrically disposed in two groups of four cylinders each around and parallel to the main shaft 3. This main shaft'or crank shaft 3 has four crank pins ff formed on it. These crank pins 1 have their axes inclined at an angle to, and intersecting, the axis of the shaft. On these inclined crank pins 4 are revolv ably mounted the wabbling frames or wabbling knuckles '5. These wabbling frames while loosely or revolvably mounted on the inclinedcranks 4 are prevented from revolving with the shaft by means of sliding shoes 6, Fig. 3, which are suitably attached to the wabbling' frames and slide between guides 7, Fig. 3, which are attached to the engine frame. This arrangement results in the part 5 being given a peculiar wabbling movement if the shaft be revolved, and hence I designate this part by the term wabbling frameor wabbling knuckle.

The pistons 2 are connected with the wabbling frames 5 by means of connecting rods 8 which connect with both pistons and wab bling frames through ball and socket joints.

The connections of the rods 8 to the wabbling knuckles 5 are at points on the knuckles 5 which are closely in line with the axes of the cylinders and are symn'ietrically disposed around the center axis of the wabbling frames and crank pins 4.

It can now be understood that if reciproeating movement be imparted to the pistons 2, movement will be transmitted to the wabbling knuckles 5, through the rods 8. The wabbling knuckles, reacting through the shoes (Sand guides 7, will cause the shaft 3 to revolve.

In each cylinder there are two pistons 2 which, through the arrangement shown, have opposed movement, or movements in opposits direction. One of the pistons in each cylinder uncovers exhaust ports 9 at the end of its stroke, while the other of each pair of pistons in each cylinder uncovers inlet or scavenging air ports 10 at the end of its stroke. The exhaust escapes through the exhaust pipes or stacks 11.

scavenging air is supplied from the blowers 12 to the. scavenging air ports 10 and the operation of the engine is the same as in any engine of the opposed piston type, having two pistons reciprocating in one cylinder, and operating on the two-stroke cycle. The outward stroke of the piston first uncovers the exhaust port 9 releasing the pressure of the working gases within the cylinders. The inlet or scavenging ports 10 are then uncovered and the scavenging air under pressure enters and scavenges out the cylinder as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3.

In the design of locomotive herein described, I have shown eight cylinders, in two groups of four cylinders each. Each group of four cylinders has eight pistons, four pistons connected to one wabbling frame 5 and four pistons connected to another wabbling frame 5, there being altogether four wab'bling frames on four inclined crank pins 4, all carried by the same shaft 3/ It will'be' recognized that this arrangement is the equivalent of two separate engines of four cylinders each with their shafts connected, and the arrangement may be so regarded if desired. The operation of the locomotive would, of course, be the same if equipped with but four cylinders and two inclined crank pins, instead of the eight cylinders and four inclined crank pins, as shown. The locomotive here shown consists of two halves or ends, one on each side of the'center line AA, Figs. 1 and 2, and these two halves are almost identical.

The scavenging air is supplied to the engine under suitable'pressure by the two centrifugal blowers 12, which as here shown, are driven through gearing from the engine shaft This arrangement is shown in Fig. 2 and in Fig. 5, where the shaft 13 is shown extending from one blower to the other and carries the rotating impellers of the blowers. This shaft 13 carries gears 14 which are driven from the gears 15 on the shaft 3 through the intermediate gears 16.

The locomotive structure or frame consists essentially of two side frames 17 placed vertically and longitudinally outside of the track wheels, and connected or tied together by certain cross members. These cross memhers are constituted for the most part by engine parts, or parts which would otherwise bdrequired for'the proper assembly and faniing of the engine. These cross members comprise the engine base plate 18, the cylinder holding bodies 19, each C0111? prising an upper and a lower half, the end bearing frames 20 and the center bearing frames 21. V

All of these cross members, base plates, end and center bearing frames, and cylinder holding bodies, arerigidly secured to and between the side frames 17 and rigidly brace and hold the side frames against relative displacement both laterally and vertically.

The lower part of the side frames 17 is formed to constitute jaws or openings within which axle boxes 22 are held, and allowed vertical movement. These axle boxes embrace the outside extending journal of the axles 23 of the track or driving wheels 24:. The springs and spring rigging transmitting the load from the side frames to the axle boxes are omitted to simplify the drawings. The upper part of the side frames acts to hold the engine shaft bearings and the en gino cylinders in proper position and align ment.

I will here point out that the framing and construction just described is exceedingly economical of material, and results in an exceedingly stiff and rigid frame, both for holding the axle boxes in place and for giv- :ing support to the engine shaft, cylinders,

and other engine parts. By this construction the side frames are given great depth and consequent stiffness, and the engine parts which are so utilized to form cross ties between the side frames, not only fill their primary functions but also act to stiffen the locomotive structure.

It may be noted that the engine base plate 18 forming the floor or bottom of the crank case and extending most of'the length of the locomotive forms together with the two side frames 17 a girder of great stiffness against lateral deflection. It may be said to form the web of an H-beam, the two flanges of which are formed by the two side frames. This H-shaped girder may be regarded as the foundation of this locomotive design. Above the web plate of this H-girder, formed by its base plate 18 and between the side frames, the engine parts, comprising the cvlinder holding bodies and bearin frames 20 and 21 are fitted in, while below the web plate 18 and between the side frames the wheels and motors of the locomotive are accon'nnodated. At each end of the locomotive the side frames are dropped or cut lower. On these lower extensions the electric generators 25 are mounted, and at one end an exciter 26 is shown, designed to supply current for the excitation of the generator field.

The side frames and through them the whole locomotive structure is further supported, in the design hereshown, by two swiveling four wheel trucks, one at each end of the locomotive underthe lower end extensions of the side frames. Thesetrucks that arrangement the weights would not be as already distributed on the locomotive axles, particularly in the case of a large locomotive with four crank pins, as here shown. y I

These generators are of large diameter, particularly when, as is here the case, it is desirable to keep their length as short as possible, and it is, therefore, difficult to place the generators between the side frames where the frames are carried up to their full height. It, therefore, becomes desirable to reduce the height of the side frames where the generators are mounted and this reduction of height or depth of framecan best be done at theends, where the bending stresses on the frames are not at the maximum.

In a large locomotive of this type, it is,

advantageous to employ at least eight cylinill! ders and four crank pins, and forgood distribution of weights, as well as a good wheel and axle arrangement, facilitating the operation of the locomotive in either direr tion, it is desirable to employ two generators, if they are of large diameter, and to mount one at each end of the locomotive. on the lower end extensions of the side frames, as shown in Fig. 1. I

It may be noted that,as the preferred formof engine for heavy locomotives will have formed cranks, it is possible, by giving the two end cranks a certain angular lead over the two center cranks, to" obtain an advantageous timing of the relative periods of opening and closing the cylinder scavenging and exhaust portswithout disturbing the primary running balance of the engine as far as reciprocating masses are concerned. The end cranks, in the arrangement shown in the drawings. a re ctmnected with the pistons" operatingthe exhaust ports, while the center cranks are (YUHDQCtQCl with the pistons operating the inletor scavcngingports in the cylinder walls. This arrangement can, of course, be reversi-id if desired- This arrangement of the relative angular positions of the four cranks has the advantage above described, but it may be that other and more important ends are better served by placing the cranks in other relative positions.

The outline of the'end view of one of the generators 25 is shown in Fig. 4. The centrifugal blowers which supply scavenging air to the engine may be driven by direct drive, either gear, chain or belt from the engine shaft, or they maybe driven by-elec trio motors. In either case it is desirable to locate themso that they will not add to the overalllength of the locomotive, and so that the air conduits or passages between blowers and engine will be as short as possible. Their location shown in the drawin s I above the engine is particularly advantageous in these respects, as they can, as shown, be mounted directly on the cylinder holding bodies 19 and the blower casing open directly into the chamber surrounding the scavenging ports of the cylinders.

The blower drive, as shown in the drawings and as hereinhefore described, comprises a train of gears, driven by the 15 mounted on the engine shaft. It is also desirable to provide a gear drive for the cam shafts 28 of the engine. which are shown in.

cross sectional views, Figs. a and 5. These cam shafts, one on each side of the engine, are arranged parallel to the main shaft. and carry "the cams for the operation of the fuel valves and the starting valves. They can also be utilized for other purposes.

The arrangement of gears I prov'de for the driving of the cam shafts as well as the scavenging blowers, as shown in Fig. 5. The gear 15, mounted on the main shaft, is made to mesh not only with the intermediate gears 16 transmitting the driveto the blowers, but also to mesh with the gears 29 mounted on the cam shafts 28 on each side.

In the drawing, Fig. 5, only the pitch lines of-the gears are shown for the simplification of the drawing.

This arrangement has the effect ofeconomizing space and of placing the gear drive for both blowers and cam shafts in the cen ter of the engine, where it is most advantageously located.

The current supplied by the generators 25 is utilized to operate the motors 30 which drive the axles 22 and driving wheels 24;. In a locomotive of this type it is not necessary that all the motors he applied to the axles of the locomotive itself, as the output of the generators can be as well utilized in supplying power to motors driving the axles of the locomotive tender, or in certain *ascs, of other connected cars or vehicles.

In the claims which follow I refer to the cylinders being parallel to the shaft and to the side frames and to the shaft being parallel to the side frames. It will be under stood that exact parallelism is not essential, but that the parts are'intended to be substantially parallel. A considerable deviation from exactness in this respect is allowable. I

It shall also be understood that while this invention provides primarily for electric transmission of power from engine shaft to driving wheels, it may also, in large part, ,6 adapted to the transmission of power rename from engine shaft to driving wheels through some other means, as for example, a hydraulic transmitting device.

I claim 1. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally, and. cross members 'oininn the said side frames an internal (D combustion engine comprising a revolving main shaft, the said shaft being mounted longitudinally or substantially parallel to the said side frames, engine cylinders disposed parallel to the said shaft and side frames, pistons reciprocating in the said cylinders, means transmitting the movement of the said pistons to the said shaft, and means for transmitting power from the said shaftmeans transmitting the movement of the said pistons to the said shaft, an electric goner ator driven by the said shaft, and electric motors driving the said axles.

3. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted onwheels and axles, the said structure connprising side frames disposed longitudinally, and cross members joining the said side frames, an engine shaft mounted longitudinally relative to the said side frames, inclined axes carried by the said shaft, wabbling frames or knuckles mounted on the said inclined axes, means for preventing said wabbling frames from revolving with the said shaft, engine cylinders disposed parallel to the saidshaft and side frames, pistons reciprocating in the said cylinders, means connecting the said pistons with the said wabbling frames, and means for transmitting power from the said shaft to drive the said axles.

4:. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally, and cross members joining the said side frames, an engine shaft mounted longitudinally relative to the said side frames, inclined axes carried by the said shaft, wabbling frames or knuckles mounted on the said inclined axes,means for preventing said wabbling frames from revolving with the said shaft. engine cylinders disposed parallel to the said shaft and side frames, pistons reciprocating in the said cylinders, means connecting the said pistons ill) and carried in bearings supported by the' said cross members, working cylinders parallel to the said shaft, the said cylinders being carried by the said cross members, pistons reciprocating in each of the said cylinders, and means transmitting the movement of the said pistons to the said shaft.

6. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said axles 11. ving journals extending beyond the wheels with, axle boxes resting thereon, side frames located outside the said wheels and embracing the said axle boxes, cross members joining the said side frames, an engine shaft parallel to the said. side frames, and carried in bearings supported by the said cross members, working cylinders parallel to the said shaft, the said cylinders being carried by the said cross members, pistons reciprocating in eachof the said cylinders, means transmitting the movement of the said pistons to the said shaft, an electric generator driven by the said shaft, and elec tric motors driving the said axles and supplied with current from said generator.

7. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said axles having journals extending beyond the wheels with axle boxes resting thereon, side frames located outside the saidwheels and embracing the said axle boxes, cross members joining the said side frames and secured thereto, an engine shaft parallel to the said side frames, the said shaft being carried in bearings supported'by the said cross members and having inclined crank pins formed thereon, wabbling frames mounted on the said inclined crank pins, working cylinders parallel to the said shaft,

the said cylinders being carried by the said frames, an engine shaft parallel to the said side frames, the said shaft being carried in bearings supported by the said cross memhere and having inclined crank pins formed thereon. wabbling frames mounted on the said inclinedcrank pins, meansfor preventing said frames from revolving with the said shaft, cylinders open at bothends, the said cylinders being parallel to the said shaft and carried by the said'cross members, two pistons reciprocating in each of the said cylinders, means connecting the said pistons with the said wabbling frames,an electric generatpr driven by the said'engine'shaft, and electric motors driving the said axles.

9. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said axles having journals extending beyond the wheels with axle boxes resting thereon, side fram-es'locat'ed outside the said wheels and embracing the said axle boxes, cross members secured to and joining the said side frames, an engine shaft parallel to the said side frames and supported in bearings carried by the said cross members, the said shaft having four inclined crank'pins thereon, wabbling frames mounted on the said inclined crank pins, means for preventing said frames from revolving with the said shaft, cylinders open at both ends, the said cylinders being parallel to the said shaft and carried bythe said cross members, two pistons reciprocating in each of the said cylinders, means connecting one of the two pistons in each of thesaid cylinders with one of the said wabbling frames, and the other of the two'pistons in each of the said cylinders with another of the said wabbling frames, an electric generator driven by the said shaft, and electric motors driving the said axles.

10. In alocomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles/the said axles having journals extending beyond the wheels with axle boxes resting thereon, side frames located outside the said wheels and en'ibracing the said axle boxes, cross members secured to and. joining the said side frames, an engine shaft parallel to the said sideframesand supported in bearings carried by the said cross members, the said shaft having four inclined crank pins thereon, wabbling frames mounted on the said inclined crank pins, means for preventing said wabbling frames from revolving with the said shaft, two separate groups of cylinders arranged with their axes parallel to the said shaft, the said cylinders being open at both ends and each group of cylinders being located between a separate pair of the said inclined c'ankpins on the said shaft, two pistons reciprocating in each of the said cylinders, means connecting the said pistons with the said wabbling frames, an electric generator driven by the said shaft, and electric motors driving the said axles.

11 In a locomotive, a structure mounted wheels and a; 1'es,'u1e said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members joining the sai'd side frames, an engine shaft mounted longitudinally or substantially parallel to the said side frames, the 'said'shaft carrying inclined crank pins, engine cylinders disposed parallel' to the said shaft and side frames, and a centrifugal blower supplying air to the said engine, the said blower being mountedahove the said engine shaft.

12. In a locomotive, a structure mounted on wheels and aXles, the said structure com prising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members joining the said side frames, an engine shaft'moiinted longitudinally 6r siibstantially parallel to the said side names, the said s'haftca ing inclined crank pins, engine cylinders,

disposed par: allel 'to the said shaft and side frames, a Centrifugal blower supplying airto the said engine, the said blower being mounted with its axis above and parallel to the said main shaft of the said engine,and means transmitting motion to the said blower shaft.

13. In a locomotive, the combination of an internal combustion en ine comprising a main shaft mounted'longitiidinally or parallel to the main axis of the locomotive, said engine having working cylinders parallel to the said shaft, pistons reciprocating in the said cylinders, means transmitting the movement of the saidfpisto'ns to the said shaft, and a centrifugal blower supplying air to the said engine cylinders, the said blower being driven bycgearing from the main shaft of the engine, k p

14. In a locomotive, the combination of an internal combustion engine comprising a mainshaft and Working cylinders, the. said cylinders being parallelt'o the said shaft and the said shaft having four inclined crank pins formed on it, a structure mountedon Wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally, and cross members joining the said side frames, pistons reciprocating in the said cylinders, means transmitting the movement ofthe said pistons to the said shaft, a centrifugal blower supplying air to the said engine cylinders, the said blower being mounted With its axis or shaft above and parallel to the said'engine shaft, and connecting means driving the said blower shaft from the said engine shaft.

15. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on Wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members joining the said side frames, the said side frames having deep center portions. and end extensions of reduced depth, an internal combustion engine comprising a main shaft and working cylinders, the said shaft'and esa-910 cylinders being substantially parallel to each other and being carried by the said cross members, an electric generator driven by the said engine shaft, the said generator being mounted on the lower end extension of the side frames.

16. In a locomotive, the combination of a'structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames dis posed longitudinally and cross members joining the said side frames, the said side frames having deep center portions and end extensions of reduced depth, an internal combus tion engine comprising a main shaft and Working cylinders, the said cylinders bei'iig substantially parallel to the said shaft, said shaft having four inclined crank pins forii'led on it and being carried by the said cross inein'bers,two electric generators, each generator being mounted on the said end extensions of the said side frames, one at each end of the'locomotive.

17. In a locomotive, the combination of" a structure mountedo'n wheels, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members joining the said side frames, an internal combustion engine comprising a main shaft mounted parallel tothe said side frames, the said shaft having four inclined crank pins, two separate groups of cylinders arranged with their axes parallel to the said shaft, the saidcylinders being open at both ends, and each group of cylinders being located be tween a separate pair ofthe said inclined crank pins on the said crank shaft, pistons reciprocating in said cylinders, wabbling frames mounted on'the said inclined crank pins, and means for preventing said frames from revolving With the said shaft, means connecting the said pistons with the said Wabbling frames. an electric gei'ieral'or driren by the said shaft, and electric motors drivingthe said axles.

18. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said structure con'iprising side names dis posed longitudinally and cross n'ieinbers joining the said side frames, an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder holding structure placed between and join ing the said side f 'a'mes, the said engine also comprising a main shaft having inclined crank pins, the said shaft being mounted parallel to the said side frames and pass ing through the cylinder holding structure, working cylinders open at vboth ends carried p'arallel to thesaid shaft by the said cylinder holding structure, two pistons reciprocating in each of'th'e said cylinders, means t'ansm'itting the movement of the said pistons to the said shaft, an electric generator driven by the said shaft, and electric motors'driving the said axles.

19. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members joining the said side frames, an internal holding structure comprising an upper part.

and a lower part, the said parts being separable, the said engine also comprising a main shaft having inclined crank pins, the said shaft being mounted parallel to the said side frames and passing through the said cylinder holding structure between the said upper and lower parts thereof,working cylinders open at both ends carried parallel to the said shaft by the said cylinder holding structure, two pistons l'GClPI'OCfltlDg in each of the said cylinders, means transmitting the movement of the said pistons to the said shaft, an electric generator driven by the said shaft, and electric motors driving the said axles.

20. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and aides, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members joining the said side frames, the said side frames having deep center portions and end extensions of reduced depth, an internal combustion engine comprising a main shaft and working cylinders, the said shaft and cylinders being, substantially parallel to each other and being carried by the said cross members, two electric generators, each gene crater being mounted on the said end extensions of the said side frames, one at each end of the locomotive.

21. In a locomotive, the combination of a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said axles having ournals extending beyond the wheels with axle boxes resting thereon, an internal combustion engine comprising a main shaft mounted parallel to the main axis of the locomotive, and cyliinilers disposed parallel to the said shaft, the said shaft having inclined crank pins formed on it, side frames placed. vertically and longi tudinally outside the said wheels and being formed to engage with the said axle boxes, the said side frames being tied together by cross members, the said cross members holding); the said cylinders and also i'i'orn'iingsupports or hearings for the said main shaft.

22. In a locomotive, the con'ibination of a structure mounted. on wheels and axles, the said structure comprising side frames disposed longitudinally and cross members join ing the said side frames, an internal comcombustion engine comprising a main shaft mounted parallel to the main axis of the locomotive, and cylinders disposed parallel to the said shaft, the said shaft having inclined crank pins formed on it, two electric generators connected to the said engine main shaft, one generator beingat each end of the locomotive, and two swiveling trucks, one at each end of the locomotive, the said trucks giving support to the locomotive structure.

23. In combination, a frame structure including wheels andaxles, an internal combastion engine, the COlDlOllittt'lOIl of a main shaft having inclined crank pins, cylinders disposed parallel to the said shaft, two cam shafts, one on each side of the said main shaft,'a centrifugal blower supplying scavenging air to the said engine cylinder, a gear wheel on the said main shaft, the said gear wheel meshing with other gear wheels which transmit motion to the said blower and also drive the said cam shafts, and means affording a driving connection be tween the main shaft and each of the vehicle axles. I

24. In a loco-motive, a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said axles having ournals extending beyond the wheels with axle boxes resting thereon, an internal combustion engine comprising a main shaft mounted parallel to the said side frames, the said shaft having four inclined crank pins, wabbling frames, or knuckles, mounted on the said inclined crank pins, two separate groups of cylinders, arranged with their axes parallel to the said shaft, the said cylinders being open at both ends, and each group of cylinders being located between a separate pair of the said inclined crank pins on the said shaft, two pistons reciprocating in each of the said cylinders, one of the said two pistons in each of the said cylinders uncovering exhaust ports at the end of its stroke, and the, other of the two pistons uncovering scavenging air ports at the end of its stroke, means connecting the said pistons with the said wabbhng frames, and the two crank pins connected with the pistons controlling the exhaust ports havingan angular position differing from the angular position of the two crank pins connected with the pistons conlrolling the scavenging air ports.

25. In. a locomotive, a structure mounted on wheels and axles, the said structure conr prising side frames disposed longitudinally, and cross members joining the said side frames, an internal combustion engine comprising a main shaftmounted parallel to the said side frames, the said shaft having four inclined crank pins, the two said crank pins and the axis of the shaft lying in the same plane and the two center crank pins and the shaft axis lying in another plane angularly displaced from the plane of the end crank pins, wabbhng frames, or knuckles, mounted on the said 1nchned crank pins, two separate groups of cylinders, arranged with their axes parallel to the said shaft, the said cylinders being open at both ends, and each group of cylinders being located between a Ill) separate pair of the said inclined crank pins on the said shaft, tWo pistons reciprocating in each of the said cylinders, one of the said two pistons uncovering exhaust ports at the end of its stroke and the other of the two pistons uncovering scavenging air ports at the end of its stroke and means connecting the said pistons with the said Wabbling frames.

26. In a locomotive, a longitudinal. frame of H section, an engine disposed longitudinally in the upper part of the H frame, and

axles with track wheels connected between the lower ends of the sides of the H frame and driving means disposed in the lower part of said Hframe.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 7th day of October, 1925.

GEORGE K. DAVOL.

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