US1522681A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Jan, 13. 1925,

J. HAYES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed March 1922 4 Sheetsheet l Jan, 13. 1925y ,522,681

J. HAYES INTERNAL COMBUSTI ON ENGINE Original Filed Maich l, 922 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 13. 1925. 1,522,681

J. HAYES INTERNAL COMBUSTIN ENGINE Original Filed March J, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Egg: 27

Patented dan. l, 'i925 NETE@ STTE isaiasi J'Qm HAY OF BELLE VERNQN, PENNSYLVNA.

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.application filed March 1, MEQ, Serial No. 540,21. Renewed Maya, 192s.

To all lwhom t may concern:

Be it @own that l, Jouir HA, a citizen ot the United States, residing at Belle Vernon, in the county oit Fayette and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful improvements inilnternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specication, reference being had to the accompanying drawin. I

'lhis invention relates to certain improvements in internal combustion engines and it is an ob'ect of the invention to provide a device o this general character constructed in a novel and improved manner whereby the same is -balanced in a manner to materially reduce vibration when the engine is in operation. I

lt is also an object of the invention to provide a novel and improved engine of this type wherein the control of the ignition system is edectively maintained and wherein the engine is caused to operate with a maximum et power.

Another object of the invention is to provide an engine of this general character with novel and improved means whereby the iiitake of the explosive charge or mixture is obtained in proper timed sequence and also wherein a make and break mechanism tor the ignition system is caused to function as re uired.

n additional object o the invention is to provide a novel and improved engine of this type comprising a plurality of series of power units, each series coacting with a common shaft, together with means for transmitting the force oi'. all of the shafts to a rotatable member common thereto.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a novel and improved engine of this type constructed in a manner whereby ready access may be had to the various parts comprised therein to facilitate repair and replacement.

The invention consists in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement ot the several parts of my im proved internal combustion engine whereby certain important advantages are attained and the device rendered simpler, less expensive and otherwise more convenient and advantageous for use, as will he hereinafter more fully set forth.

The novel features of my invention will hereinafter be denitely claimed.

ln order that my inventonmay be the better understood, l will now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

partly in section and partly in elevation il-A lustrating a valve mechanism for controlling the inlet of fuel within a cylinder;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view in bottom plan t the structure illustrated in Figure 5; an

Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially on the line 7 7 ot Figure 1, illustrating in detail the means for operating the make and break mechanism comprised in the ignition system.

As disclosed in the accompanying drawings, B denotes a base of desired dimensions and configuration and which has bolted or otherwise secured thereon a block A.. 'lhe block A is cast to provide two parallel series of vertically disposed cylinders C, the cylinders of the series being of equal number with the cylinders in each series a multiple of two.

Rotatably supported below each series of cylinders C is a crank shaft l, the cranks 2 ot said shaft being arranged in pairs with the cranks 2 ot each pair having the same throw and arranged in parallelism. rlihe pairs of cranks are in such relative angular relation as required. llt is also to be understood that the corresponding pairs of cranks 2 associated with both of the shafts l are complemental so that four pistons 3 working within both the series ot cylinders travel in unison and in the same direction. By this means, a maximum power is assured with a minimum of vibration.

ll-l denotes a head common to the cylinders C ot both series and which head is provided with the inlet ports l each of which is in communication with a cylinder C. rllhe ports d oi each series ot cylinders C are in com- Uit) ' inunication with an intake manifold M cominon to the ports 4 of a single series. The inner end portion of each of the vports 4 is formed into a valve sont?) with which coacts a valve 6. The valve (i has extending outwardly and radially therefrom an arm or lng 7 which is also connected with the' lower or inserted end portion of a red 8. lVhen the valve 6 is seated or in closed position, the arm or lug 7 seats within a notch or recess i) provided in the inner face of the head H immediately adjacent the inner end ot the port 4.

The rod 8 extends upwardly and freely through an opening 10 formed in the. head H and the outer or extended end portion of the rod 8 is secured to the end portion of a cross member 11. Each cross member 11 has secured thereto the rods 8 assoclated with the valves 6 arranged in the cylinders C wherein each set of four pistons has unitary and corresponding travel, as is clearly indicated in Figures 1 and 3.

In communication with the cylinders C of each series is an exhaust manifold E, the point of connection between the manifold and each cylinderbeing adjacent the head H, as is clearly illustrated in Figure vEach exhaust passage is normally closed 1n a well known manner by a tappet valve 12, the stem 14 ofwhich extends below the cylinder U. Coacting with the stem 14 is an expansihle member or sprin 15 which constantly urges the valve 12 to lts seat.

The opposite end portions of the shafts l extend' exteriorly of the block A or the hase Band each of said end portions is in driving connection, as at 16, with the trans- 4versely disposed shafts 17. One of the shafts 17 has its central portion in driving connection, as at 18, with a longitudinally disposed shaft 19 carrying a ily or balance wheel 20 and from which power may be transmitted through the gear 21 or the like also fixed to said shaft. The second shaft 17 has its opposite end portions in driven connection, asat 22, with the outwardly directed shafts 23. These shafts 23 may be employed ,to transmit power to the propeller shafts of an aeroplane or for any other purpose which may be desired.

Rotatably supported by the lower portion of the block A below each series of stems 14 is a cam shaft 24 having fixed thereto the vains 25 each of which camscoacts with a Astem 14. The cams 25 are. so arranged to the cams 28 which engage the cross mem-4 bers l1 in proper timed sequence to effect the desired opening of the valves 6 and said shaft 27 is in driven connection, as at 29, with one of the shafts 1. Each of the members 11 has freely disposed therethrough the upstanding pins or shanks 30, said pins or Shanks 30 above each of the members 11 being provided with a head or enlargement 31. interposed between each of the members 11 and head H and encircling the pins or Shanks 3() are the expansible members 32 herein disclosed as coiled springs which operate to constantly urge the valves 6 toward their seats 5.

The head H also has in communication with each of the cylinders C an opening 33 in which is arranged a spark plug 34, the operating circuit for which is normally open. Extending longitudinally of the head H adjacent each pair of complementary cylinders C is a rock arm supported between a pair of upstanding lugs or bearings 36. The arm 35 has a pair of inwardly directed arms 37 provided in their outer ends with the contact members 38.

Substantially midway its length, the rock arm 34 is provided with an outstanding lug or arm 39 with which is engaged an extremity of a retractile member or coiled spring 40, the opposite end portions of said member or spring being anchored, as at 41, to the head I-ll. The retractile member or spring 40 serves to constantly rock the arm 35 in a direction to maintain the contact members v38 in an inoperative position. Upon depression of the arms 37, the contact members 38 are adapted to have requisite electrical connection with the spark plugs so that the requisite firing will be had as 1 quired. f

Transversely opposed arms 35 operate in unison and in a manner to cause simultaneous firing of the plugs 34 associated with the four cylinders C in which the pistons 3 have unitary and corresponding movement. In order to effect this simultaneous movement of the arms 35, the central portions` of said arms are provided with the inwardly directed lugs 42. Pivotally connected with these opposed lugs 42 are the end portions of a cross member 43. Extending outwardly from the central portion of each of the members 43 is an arm 44 continued by an upstanding extension or finger 45. This nger 45 is positioned directly below a cam 46 carf ried by the shaft 27 so that, upon rotation of the shaft 27, the cross member 43 will be forced downwardly in proper timed sequence to close the ignition circuits for the fourassociated cylinders C.

From the foregoing description it is thought to be obvious that an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with my invention is particularly well vadapted 'for use by reason of the conven- CFI ience and facility with which it may be assembled and operated, and it Will also be obvious that my invention is susceptible of some change and modication Without departing from the principles and spirit thereof and for this reason I do not Wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise arrangement and formation of the several parts hereing shown lin carrying out my invention in practice except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a head therefor, an inlet port disposed through the head, a valve working Within the cylinder and coacting With the inner end of the port, a rod slidably disposed through the head adjacent to the port,

and an arm connecting the inserted end portions of the rod and the valve', said arm being radial with respect to the valve.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a head therefor, an inlet port disposed through the head, a valve Working Within the cylinder and coacting With the inner end of the port, a rod slidably disposed through the head adjacent to theport, and an arm connecting the inserted end portions of the rod and the valve, said arm being radial with respect to the valve, the inner face of the head immediately adjacent the inner end of the port being provided with a recess to receive the arm when the valve is in closed position.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aiix my signature.

JIIN HAYES.

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