US1426590A - Boileb - Google Patents

Description

D. M. NAISMITH.

BOILER.

APPLICATION HLED MAR-14.1921.

Patented Aug. 22, 1922.

lo l

IN V EN TOR.

o war/W BY ATTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 22, 1922.

Application filed March 14, 1921. Serial No. 452,173.

the construction of water tube boilers, and

more particularly that class of boilers wherein superimposed drums or heads are connected with lower headers of the standard horizontal or inclined water tube boilers of the Heine, Babcock and VVilcoX or other yp The particular feature of the invention involved herein is the provision and inc0rporation with a horizontal boiler of a drum interposed between adjacent steam drums and in the course of circulation of steam, or of steam and water, in its passage to the final steam collecting drum, whereby to provide an intermediate separating chamber for effecting complete separation of any entrained water from the steam and delivery of resulting dry steam at the steam nozzle,

even though the feed water may contain impurities which would cause foaming or priming in other constructions of boilers.

The invention has in view to effect such desirable separation of entrained water from the steam and also the prevention of any water entering the superheater, if used.

The present invention is generally similar in the construction and arrangement of the several drums and connections, to that disclosed in my prior application filed February 1 1-, 1921, Serial bio/444,678.

In the drawings, illustrating one preferred embodiment of the invention, the boiler and setting is shown in longitudinal section through the complete boiler settin it being understood that the extent of the several drums and their banks of tubes may be to any desired extent crosswise of the boiler unit, and'that further illustration of such construction is unnecessary to those familiar with this art.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a view in cross section through a boiler setting constructed. according to my invention; and

Fig. 2 is a partial cross section on the line II-II of Fig. 1. I

The entire boiler unit, as is usual, is onclosed within a setting utilizing supporting and closing walls 2 with any suitable furnace construction 3, and, if desired, fuel supply mechanism 4 of any appropriate type. Suitable outlet connection for the gases of combustion leading to the stack are, ofcourse, utilized but are not necessarily herein specifically illustrated or described. The construction as illustrated utilizes a main upper water inlet and steam supply drum 5, anupper water and steam drum 7, and an intermediate steam separating drum 8. Primary drum 5 is connected by a bank or series of tubes 9 with the lower header 6 of a Water tube boiler of the horizontal type, and drum 7 is similarly connected by tubes 10 with the opposite or upper header 11. This arrangement provides for circulation of the water downwardly through tubes 9 to header 6, through tubes ato header 11, thence upwardly through tubes 10 to drum 7, from which the water and steam then pass eventually to primary drum 5.

.Drum 8, which is the novel feature of the invention, is located entirely outside of the water circulatory system, and is furthermore elevated entirely above the water level of drums 5 and 7. As shown, drum 5 is also considerably higher and with a proportionately greater open area than drum 7, the

cross area of which is submerged to about its middle, as shown. Series of tubes 12 connect the upper portion of drum 7 with drum 8 for carrying over into said drum steam from drum 7 ,together with any entrained water therein.

Similar tubes 13 connect the opposite side of drum 8 with primary drum 5, whereby dry steam disassociated from any water content whatever, is carried over from drum separated from the steam in drum 8 is returned directly to the water circulatory system through drum 5. In a similar manner, series of tubes 16 connect drum 7 with drum 5 preferably below the water level of each, whereby to provide'for transverse circulation of water fromfone to the other.

The lowermost header 6 is provided with a blow-oil and drain pipe 17 for the purpose ofcompletely emptying the entire boiler, cleaning out mud, etc. Baillie plates or walls 18,19, arelocated at the positions illustrated, whereby to provide forproper circulation of the gases of combustion, as indicated by the arrows through the several banks of tubes at successive zones of the heating system, as well as against the lower header 6, the gases finally passing out-underneath upper drum 5 to the outlet stack.

Incidentally, drum 8 may be provided with a deflecting-or baffle plate or abutment 22 whereby to interfere with the direct progress of steam, or steam and water passing over through tubes 12,;so as to break up its passage directly to-the tubes 13 leadingto drum 5. By this construction, any remain sirable circulation of steam and water effected by the construction within and through the several elements above described, will be appreciated from. the fact that the steam is first retrieved or collected in the substantiallyhalf drum space of drum 7, from whence it is. then carried over into the full area or space of drum 8, reserved entirely for; steam where complete and positive separation of any entrained wateris effected. From this drum, it isthen. conveyed over to the comparatively large space of drum 5 which is considerably more than half of its cross sectional. area or drum, space, so that the tendency of the steam to separate from any associated water and to collect in an entirely dry form in the final delivery; drum 5 is, positively assisted and. effected. Feed watcr'maybe initially supplied to the circulation by a pipe 23, connected with; drum 5 below. the water line, as shown By reason of the construction and arrangement-of the three d-ru'ms 7, 8 and 5, and

oftubes 13, the velocity of the steam is slowed, downrto a comparatively low rate in drum Bend also in drumi steam it reaches the steam nozzle. Drum 8 being thus isolated entirely out of the water circulatory system, offers its full volume for the slow ing down and water separating process.

The baffle 24, as shown in Fig. 1, completely encloses the space between drums 7 tubes of the vertical type of boiler shown,

and but a small portion ofthe water was carried over through the tubes 16 to primary drum 5. In the present construction, all of thewater from upperheader 11 passes into drum 7 mary drum 5 by tubes 16, so that these tubes may, if desired, be proportionately increased in number, as will be readily understood,

while the ample steam cavity of drum 7 ensures the constant supply to drum 8.

The construction and operation of the boiler will be readily imde'rstood and apple ciated by all those familiar with the art. The general arrangement of the several drums and circulating tubes provides for ample and thoroughapplication of theheat of the furnace gases. The entire construction is very compact in design and the steam generating elements have their heating surfaces so presented to the path of the gases that they are utilized in the most efficient way. The several elements are proportion ately arranged for the best results as to installation, location of the several baffling Walls, repair. or replacement of tubes, etc. The drum 8 provides for complete separa tion of the entrained water from the steam and consequent delivery of dry steam'even though the feed water might contain imand is carried over to. the pripurities which would cause foaming or priming in. other boilers.

A great advantage in this respect is the prevention of slugs or entrained water entering the super-heater, when asuper-heater is used. As will be seen, ample space is proi vided for installation of any standard or suitable type of the latter.

A further advantage is in the possibility of obtaining a: superheating effect during the travel of the steam from drum 7 through tubes 12tordrum 8 and from drum 8 through tubes 13 to drum 5,.by rearranging the baffling 24; Thus,the battling may be used to close off a portion only of the heating surfaces or may be omitted entirely, and there suiting super heating efl'ect correspondingly regulated. i

The rear bank of tubers-9 icontnibut'es'to economy of the heat, while an uninterrupted circulation is provided through tubes at from header 6 to header 11, in the zones of greatest heat. The invention as incorporated provides amply for very eflicient battling location and furnace installation within any given space.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In combination with a horizontal boiler having terminal headers; a water circulation drum for each header and directly connected therewith, and an intervening steam separating drum having a steam receiving connection with one ofsaid drums and a steam supply connection with the other.

2. In combination with a horizontal boiler having terminal headers; a water circulation drum for each header and directly connected therewith and with each other, and an intervening steam separating drum having a steam receiving connection with one of said drums and a steam supply connection with the other.

3. In combination with a horizontal boiler having terminal headers; a water circula tion drum for each header and directly connected therewith, and an intervening steam separating drum elevated beyond the water level and having a steam receiving connection with one of said drums and a steam supply connection with the other.

4. The combination with a water tube boiler of the horizontal type having a lower and an upper terminal header, of a water 0' culation drum for each header in circulation therewith and directly connected with each other, and an intervening steam sepa rating drum above the water level thereof directly connected to one of said drums by steam receiving tubes and directly connected to the other of said drums by steam supply tubes.

5. The combination with a water tube boiler of the horizontal type having a lower and an upper terminal header, of a water circulation drum for each header directly connected with the uppermost portion of each header respectively, a transverse bank of water circulating tubes extending across between said water circulating drums, and a steam separating drum between said drums above the water level thereof and having a bank of steam circulating receiving tubes at one side directly connected with one of said water drums and a bank of steam circulating supply tubes at the other side directly connected with the other of said drums.

6. The combination with a water tube boiler of the horizontal type having a lower and an upper terminal header, of a water circulation drum for each header directly connected with the uppermost portion of each header respectively, a transverse bank of water circulating tubes extending across between said water circulating drums, and a steam separating drum between said drums above the water level thereof and having a bank of steam circulating receiving tubes at one side directly connected with one of said water drums a bank of steam circulating supply tubes at the other side directly connected with the other of said drums, and additional drainage tubes leading from the lower portion of the steam separating drum to the water drum of the lower header.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

DONALD M. NAISMITH.

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