US1273229A - Two-stroke-cycle internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

E. HURLBRINK.

TwosTRo| E CYCLE INTERNAL comusloN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I6. |913.

Patented July 23, 19118.

,IIIIIII IIIIIIIII minesses: J 6m Jvea i f7 any UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TWO-STROKE-CYCLE INTERN AL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specication ot Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1918.

Application tiled December 18, 1913. Serial No. 807,181.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ERNST HURLBRINK,

i a subject. of the Emperor of Germany, residing in Berlin-Friedcnau, in Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Two-Stroke-Cycle Internal-Combustion Enines; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Hitherto, it has been necessary to construct two-stroke, cycle internal combustion engines of any considerable capacity with pistons working in opposite directions, in order to secure a. more or less satisfactory ruiming of the engine. Such machines have, however, well-known drawbacks, s0 that the use of motors of this type is confined to special cases. As an instance of such drawbacks, the fact may be mentioned that motors of the above-mentioned type cannot be used to drive vessels, so that it has been sought to build also combustion engines of very large capacity (for instance, 2000 horse power per cylinder) with only a single working piston in each cylinder. In spite of the great number of different constructions and experiments that have been made to this end, however, it has hitherto been impossible to reach a satisfactory solution of this problem.

It is well-known that, in motors of the type referred to, admission ports overrun by the working piston must be provided in the Wall of the workin cylinder, while the exhaust takes place at tlg a suitable way of insuring a satisfactory scavenging of the cylinder by' the combustion gases has not yet been found.

I have found that, in order to secure a satisfactory scavenging of the cylinder, it is necessary to provide a smooth path for the scavenging air which enters through the admission ports of the Working cylinder and flows along the walls of the latten toward the exhaust ports, free from any deflection or backing up, and in the same manner as the gases flow from the admission ports to the exhaust in motors having two pistons working in opposite directions.

The annexed drawing is a diagrammatic, longitudinal section of a single-action, twostroke engine embodyin one illustrative form of my invention. t will be understood, however, that the invention is clearly applicable to double-action, two-stroke cycle motors.

e cylinder head; but

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the work i ing piston, 7 is the working c linder, .and 3 are admission` ports provided in the walll2 of the working cylinder. The piston 1 overruns the admission ports 3 at the end of its working stroke, and at the beginning ofits compression stroke. 4 4 y 8 is a substantially semi-spherical cylinder head, or cover, and 5 5 are two exhaust cylinders of smaller diameter than the working cylinder, and disposed adjacent to the semi-spherical cylinder headS, said exhaust cylinders communicating with the working cylinder 7.

6 6 are exhaust ports provided in the exhaust cylinders, and 4 1 are auxiliary pistons working in the exhaust cylinders and overrunning the'exliaust ports 6 6.

The rods of the auxiliary pistons 4 4 are connected by means of driving links not shown in the drawing, with the piston rod of the main working piston 1, or to the crank-,shaft of the motor, the construction and arrangement being such that the auxiliary pistons 4 4: control the exhaust ports 6--6 in accordance with the well-known twostroke cycle.

As shown in the drawing, the axes ca .z: of the auxiliary cylinders 5 5 form an angle with the axis g/ y of the main-workin cylinder 7, such angle a in the drawing eing less than a right-angle, but it will be understood that said angle may equal, or even exceed, a right-angle.

Between the semi-spherical cylinder head 8 and the exhaust cylinders 5 5 are provided curved portions 9 and 10, which, in conjunction with the semi-spherical cylinder head, form a smooth transit from the Walls 2 of the main workingcylinder to the `walls of the exhaust cylinders 5, 5.

It will be seen that the scavengin air entering in the main working cy inder 7 through the admission ports 3 will flow along the walls 2 of the main cylinder, and will be directed by means of the semi-spherical cylinder head 8, and the continuously curved walls 9, 10, into the exhaust cylinders 5 5, so that the scavenging air flows from the admission ports 3 to the exhaust ports 6, without any deflection or backing up, in precisely the same manner as in motors with two pistons working in opposite dlrections, for instance, motors of the well-known Oschelhuser type.

I am aware that two-stroke cycle interna-l combustion engines. provided with admission ports in the main working c vlinder and exhaust ports in the auxiliary cylinders. overrun. respectively. by the main working piston and auxiliary pistons. were known before my invention. but what I claim is:

1. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. a main working cylinder: a main working piston for the latter: admission -ports for said main working cylinder. overrun by said main working piston: exhaust cylindeisl of smaller cross-sectional area than the main working cylinder. disposed adjacent to the head o f the main workmg cylinder and connnumcatmg with the latter: auxiliary pistons working inthe exhaust cylinders: exhaust ports provided in said exhaust cylinders and overrun by said auxiliary pistons: and means to provide a smooth transit from the walls of the main working cylinder into the exhaust cylinders avoiding the deflection and backing up of the scavenging air flowing from the adlnission ports of the main cylinder toward the exhaust ports of the exhaust cylinders.

2. In a two stroke cycle internal combust ion engine. a main working cylinder: a main working piston for the latter: admission ports for said main working cylinder overrun by said main working piston: a substantially semi-spherical cylinder head: exhaust cylinders of smaller cross-sectional area than the main working cylinder disposed adjacent to said substantially semispherical cylinder head. and standingr at an angle to the axis of the main working cylinder and communicating with the latter: auxiliary pistons working in said exhaust cylinders: and exhaust ports for said exhaust cylinders. overrun b v the auxiliary pistons.

3. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. in combination` a main working cylinder: admission ports for the latter. a pluralit\` of exhaust cylinders communicating with said main working cylinder: and means to provide a smooth transitY from the main working cylinder into said exhaust cylinders.

4. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. in combination. a main working cylinder: a plurality of exhaust cylinders communicating with the latter; and means including a curved wall intermediate lsaid main working cylinder and said exhaustcylinders for providing a smooth transit from the main working cylinder into said exhaust, cylinders.

5. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine, in combination. a main working cylinder: a plurality of exhaust cylinders communicating with the latter: and means including curved wall portions intermediate said umili working cylinders and said exhaust cylinders to provide a smooth transit from tht` walls of the main working cylinder into the exhaust cylinders.

t'i. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. in combination. a main working cylinder: a substantially semi-spherical cylinder head for thc saine: a plurality of exhaust cylinders communicating with said head; and means to provide a smooth transit from the main working cylinder through said head into the exhaust cylinders.

T. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. in combination. a main working cylinder: a substantially semi-spherical cylinder head for the same: a plurality of exhaust cylinders communicating with 'said head: and means including curved wall portions to pro\ide a smooth transit from the. main working cylinder through said head into the exhaust cylinders.

S. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. in combination. a working cylinder: a piston working in said working cylinder: an inlet port provided in said working cylinder and overrun bysaid piston; a pluv rality of exhaust cylinders communicating with the combustion chamber of said working cylinder; a piston working in each of said exhaust cylinders; an exhaust port provided in each of said exhaust cylinders and overrun by the piston working therein; and means to provide a smooth and unimpeded passage of the exhaust gases from said working cylinder into said exhaust cylinders.

9. In a two-stroke cycle internal combustion engine. in combination. a working cylinder: an admission port` for said working cylinder: means to control said admission port a plurality of exhaust cylinders communicating with the combustion chamber of said working cylinder; a piston working in cach of said exhaust cylinders; an exhaust port provided in each of said exhaust cylinders and overrun by the piston working therein: and means to provide a smooth and nniinpeded passage for the exhaust gases from said working cylinder into said exhaust cylinders.

In testimony whereof. I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST HIRLBRINK.

Witnesses 'oLDI-:Mxn .H xUPT, HENRY HASPER.

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