US1235029A - Valve for explosive-engines. - Google Patents

Description

e. w, HAWLEY. VALVE FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED FEB- 5. 1915- 1,235,029. Patented July 31,1917.

GEORGE W. HA'WLEY, 0F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

VALVE FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Tatent.

Patented July 31, 1917.

Application filed February 5, 1915. Serial No. 6,269.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. HAWLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves for Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanylng drawings, whlch form a part thereof.

My invention relates to piston valves for explosive engines, and pertains particularly to that class used in connection with internal combustion engines, or motors, of the fourcycle type, enabling a single valve to act both as the admission or exhaust valve for two cylinders of the engine.

The object of my invention, among other things, is to provide a hollow piston valve arranged with ports to communicate with the cylinders, whereby the engine will be smoothly operated with no seating, or unseating, of poppet valves, and further to insure a tight fit of all the valve elements so that there will be no leakage of gas, or compression in the running of the engine.

I attain these ends and the accomplishment of certain other objects by the valve construction which will be hereinafter set forth and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved valve construction taken on the line 11 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a detailed sectional view of the sliding valve taken on the lineH of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional detailed view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, 6 and 7 designate two of the engine cylinders which are preferably formed in one casting, having the customary water-jacket 8 and the pistons 9 and 10 operating in the cylinders 6 and 7 respectively. Each of the castings forming the cylinders 6 and 7 is moulded to provide, 011 pp des, c t e junc ion 9f the o cylinders, two valve casings 11 and 12, of which 11 is the intake or gas-supply casing, and 12 is located on the exhaust side of the two cylinders 6 and 7 as shown in Fig. 3.

Each of the valve-casings 11 and 12 communicates with the cylinders 6 and 7 by means of ports 13 and 14, and 15 and 16; the ports 13 and 15 being the inlet ports, while the ports 14 and 16 constitute the exhaust ports for the cylinders. The ports 13 and 15 are arranged to enter the cylinders at a different level from the ports 14 and 16, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, thereby accomplishing one of the primary objects of my invention in securing smooth and eflicient operation of the engine.

17 and 18 are hollow slide-valves which are reciprocated in their respective valve casings 11 and 12, and these valves are provided with two ports also arranged at different levels from each other in the respective valves, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The slide valves 17 and 18 are substantially the same in construction, and a description of one of these valves and its mode of operation will clearly define the other.

Each slide-valve consists of a hollowcylinder, as shown in Fig. 4, adapted to fit its respective valve-casing, and may be longitudinally split as at 21 to form an overlapping joint, thereby providing an expansive fit in the casing. On either side of the ports are a series of split piston rings 22 fitting in annular grooves 23 cut in the outer cylindrical surface of the valve, and I have found that the best practice requires four of such rings suitably arranged in pairs between the two ports as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, while single or double rings may be utilized on the ends of the valves beyond the zone of the ports. This insures a gas-tight fit in the valvecasing, doing away with the possibility of leakage of gas or compression in the operation of the engine. A bottom plate 24 is threaded or otherwise secured to the hollow cylinder and is provided with suitable bearings 25 to connect suitable driving rods. For example, on opposite sides of the inlet valve 17 are the ports 19 and 20, as shown in Fig. 4, the port 19 located in the upper end of the valve is adapted to register with the port 13 in the cylinder 6, while the opposi e port 20 l c ed at the lower end.

registers with the port 15 of the cylinder 7. By this arrangement the ports are so timed in operation that the engine cylinders 6 and 7 are alternately supplied with gas. The connecting rod 26 ournaled in the bearings 25 is operatively secured to an eccentric 27 (Fig. 1) mounted on the shaft 28 which carries a gear 29 meshing, in turn, with a gear 30 secured to the crank shaft 31. The gears 29 and 30 are so constructed and located that the gear 29 makes one revolution while the gear 30 rotates twice, whereby the valvelT makes one reciprocation, while each piston 9 and 10' completes four cycles of movement or two reciprocations, as will be well under stood by those skilled in this art. y

In like manner the exhaust valve 18 is provided with the ports 82 and 33'loc'ated at the upper and lower ends of the valve respectively, which ports are adapted to register with the ports lland 16 respectively of the cylinders 6 and 7. The connecting rod 3st is journaled in bearings 35 in the lower end of the valve 18 and is operati'vely secured to an eccentric 36,- (shown in Fig. 1) mount ed on the shaft 37 which carries agear 38, meshing in turn with the gear 30 secured to the crank-shaft 31. The function of the gear 38 is the same as that of the gear 29, hereinb'efore described.

The eccentric 36 is so arranged with respect to the eccentric 27, as shown in Fig. 1, that the valve-casing 12 is closed against communication with both cylinders 6 and to allow compression of the previous admitted charge of fresh gas in the cylinder 7 while the casing 11 is closed against communication with both cylinders with the port 20 in position for immediate communication with the port 15 to admit a fresh charge of gas into the cylinder 6 at the end of the upward throw of the eccentric 27, or as soon as the charge in the cylinder 7 has been fired.

In this improved valve construction, the gas is supplied into the top of the casing 11 by the pipe 39, and similarly exhausted from the top of the casing 12 by the pipe 40. The pistons 9 and 10 reciprocate simultaneously in the same direction, as shown in Fig, 2, but the charges are exploded alternately, so that while one cylinder is being fired, the other is being charged with a new supply of gas, and while one piston is compressing a gas charge, the other is exhausting an exploded charge and scavenging the cylinder.

This improved construction permits the attainment of high speedwith c'ompara tively slight wear of parts, while the operation is practically noiseless. The arrange ment of the ports in both valve casings and hollow piston-valves at diifere'nt levels enables th four-cycle operation,- for both inlet and exhaust sides of the engine, to be accomplished simply and eliiciently with no leakage between the elements during either the explosion or compression in the cylinders. V v

I claim as my invention 1 The combination with the cylinders of a four-cycle internal coinbi'i'stion engine, of a pair of valve-casings, pairs of inlet and outlet ports providing communication between said cylinders and casings, the inlet and outlet ports for each of the respective cylinders being arranged at the same level, the respective sets being arranged at diflerent levels, a gas inlet pipe for one casing, and an exhaust pipe for the other casing, hollow slide valves, each having a pair of oppositely disposed side ports formed within the exterior edges of the hollow valve members and arranged at different levels from each other slida-ble in said casings to alternately open and close the ports between said cylinders and said casings in suitable timed relation.

2. The combination with the cylinders of a four-cycle internal combustion engine, of a pair of valve-casings adjacent each two cylinders, pairs of inlet and outlet ports providing communication between each of said pair of cylinders and each of said casings, the inlet and outlet ports for each of the respective cylinders being arranged at the same level, the respective sets being arranged at different levels, a hollow slidevalve, having a pair of oppositely disposed side ports formed within the exterior edges of the hollow valve members and arranged at different levels from each other, slidable in each casing, and having its movements timed to alternately establish communic'a tion between said cylinders and said casings, whereby an inlet communication is made from one casing while an exhaust communication is made from the second casing.

3. The combination with the cylinders of a four-cycle internal combi'istion engine com prising a pair of cylinders, of a pair of valve-casings adjacent said cylinders and communicating therewith through pairs of inlet and outlet ports, inlet and exhaust connections respectively with said casings, the

inlet and outlet portsfor each of the respective cylinders being arranged at the same level, the respective sets being arranged at different levels, hollow slide-valves operat ing in said casings, each provided with a pair of oppositely disposed side ports formed within the exterior edges of the hollow valve members and arranged at different levels from each other to e'fiect intakes for each of said cylinders through one pair of said ports and exhausts from each of said cylinders through the other pair of ports.

4, The combination with the cylinders of a four-cycle internal combustion engine, of a pair of valve=easings, pairs of inlet and outlet ports providing communication be tween said cylinders and casings, the inlet and outlet ports for each of the respective cylinders being arranged at the same level, the respective sets being arranged at different levels, a gas inlet pipe for one casing, and an exhaust pipe for the other casing, laterally expanding hollow slide valves, each having a pair of oppositely disposed side ports formed within the exterior edges of the hollow valve members and arranged at different levels from each other slidable in said casings to alternately open and close the ports between said cylinders and said casings in suitable timed relation.

5. The combination with the cylinders of a four-cycle internal combustion engine, of a pair of valve-casings adjacent each two cylinders, pairs of inlet and outlet ports providing communication between each of said pair of cylinders and each of said casings, the inlet and outlet ports for each of the respective cylinders being arranged at the same level, the respective sets being ar ranged at difierent levels, a laterally expanding hollow slide-valve, having a pair of oppositely disposed side ports formed within the exterior edges of the hollow valve members and arranged at different levels from each other, slidable in each casing, and having its movements timed to alternately establish communication between said cylinders and said casings, whereby an inlet communication is made from one casing while an exhaust communication is made from the second casing.

6. The combination with the cylinders of a four-cycle internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders, of a pair of valve-casings adjacent said cylinders and communicating therewith through pairs of inlet and outlet ports, inlet and exhaust connections respectively with said casings, the inlet and outlet ports for each of the respective cylinders being arranged at the same level, the respective sets being arranged at different levels, laterally expanding hollow slide-valves operating in said casings, each provided with a pair of oppositely disposed side ports formed within the exterior edges of the hollow valve members and arranged at diflerent levels from each other to effect intakes for each of said cylinders through one pair of said ports and exhausts from each of said cylinders through the other pair of ports.

GEORGE W. HAWLE Y.

Witnesses:

SAMUEL M. HAWLEX, MATHILDA A. J OHNSON.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). 0.

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