US1236991A - Puppet-valve for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I6, 1916.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

gnumuoz affoxnnq UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK D. SHEPHERD, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

PUPPET-VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK D. SHEPHERD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake, and in the State of Utah, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Puppet-Valves for Internal-Combustion Engines, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to puppet valves, and my object is to provide aconstruction especially suited for internal combustion engines by reason of its characteristics of ready accessibility for cleaning and grinding, freedom from liability to warp and break, and which will open and close at the right time, and when shut will be tight and remain shutuntil it is opened. The object of my invention, therefore, is to provide a valve having these desirable and important characteristics and they are attained by the means hereinafter specified and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings I illustrate several forms, or embodiments of my invention, in which drawings- Figure l is a vertical section through an internal combustion engine having one form of my valve;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing only the valve mechanism, and immediately adjacent parts, illustrating a diiferent form of my invention;

Fig. 3 is a like view to Fig. 2, showing still another form of my invention;

Fig. 4 is a like view showing yet another construction embodying my invention.

Giving a detailed description of the con struction shown in the drawings, the engine cylinder 10 shown is of a type having the head 11 cast integral therewith, and in said head is provided an internally threaded opening 12, which leads from the outer end of the head into the port 13 controlled by the valve mechanism. Screwed in said hole 12, is an inverted cup shape casing 14, that isto say, it has the form of a cylindrical shell with its outer end closed and its inner end open, and slidably fitting within said casing is the cylinder puppet valve 15, which cooperates with a seat 16 at the bottom of the port 13. Said puppet valve 15 is hollowed, or chambered with its lower end closed and its upper end open. The closed lower end forms a head 17 for engagement Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

Application filed October 16, 1916. Serial No. 125,792.

with one end of a coil spring 18 placed W1th1n the valve whose upper end bears against the closed head, or upper end of the casing 14, and thusthe'valve is yieldingly held to its seat untilit is lifted by the action of the usual cam 19 whose movement is transmitted through the valve stem 20 through a slidable plunger 21 interposed between the cam and the end of the valve stem. The valve stem may be integral with the valve, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, or separate therefrom, as shown in Fig. 3. The valve stem, as shown clearly in Fig. 1, passes through an elongated guide 22 and is thereby restrained from lateral movement, as is also the valve when the valve stem and valve are joined.

The chambers that are due to the hollow form of the valve to accommodate the spring and to the casing to accommodate the spring and allow for play of the valve, are diminished in volume by placing therein within the-coils of the spring a filling device which may be attached either to the valve, or-to the casing, or in part to each, said filling device occupying as much space in the direction of movement of the valve, as is possible without stopping, or restricting the play, or movement of the valve necessary for the performance of its function in moving from its seat to open the port 13. As shown in the drawings, said filling device is in the form of a cylindrical plug, which in Fig, 1 is a shell, or tube 23, with one end closed and which at its other end is threaded and screwed into a threaded hole provided for the purpose in vthe valve head 17. The upper closed end of said plug is polygonal on the outside for the application of a wrench for turning it. As shown in Fig. 2, said filling device is in the form of a solid cylindrical plug 24 integral with and projecting from the head of the casing 14; while as shown in Fig. 3, it is a solid cylindrical plug 25 integral with the valve and extending upward therefrom. Besides being connected to either, or both valve and casing, said filling piece may be connected with neither, for as shown in Fig. 4, it may be a cylindrical plug 26, attached to a disk 27 against which the upper end of the spring bears, and which itself bears against the underside of the closed head of the casing 14.

By the employment of said filling device,

the unoccupied space within the valve and its casing is reduced to a minimum, and hence, should there be any leakage of gas by reason of a worn condition of that part of the valve which plays in and is guided by the interior of the casing, the quantity finding its way into the valve and its casing would be so small as to be negligible.

If desired, one or more annular grooves 28 may be provided in the periphery of the guide-forming extension of the valve for a lubricant, although practice has shown that lubrication is not indispensable.

It will be noted that there is no communication between the interior of the valve casing 14 and the external air, and this construction makes for economy and eficiency of the engine.

As will be evident, especially since the closing of the valve is effected by the expansive action of the spring, the closing of the valve is produced very positively, and

' the construction is simple by reason of the fewness of the parts, and it is strong since the parts are stout and compact. With the location that I give it, space that is otherwise not utilized in L-head and T-head engines, is utilized, there is an increase of power obtained from the engine and the parts are most readily accessible for removal for cleaning, or valve grinding. lhe matter of removal and replacement, is extremely simple since they involve merely the unscrewing and screwing of the casin 14. The valve closing spring acting expanslvely and pressing always in alinement with the longitudinal axis of the valve, there is no side pressure on the valve, such as is the case with valves that are closed by the pulling action of a spring which is connected with the valve stem, and which sidewise pressure causes wear on one side of the valve guide and allows the entrance of air which renders the gas mixture too lean. It will be noted that the chamber in the valve 15 for the accommodation of the coil spring is only deep enough to provide for the roper accommodation of the spring, and, ence, that portion of the valve situated in the port 13 and adjacent the seat is a member of substantial thickness.

I show in the drawings but a sin 1e valve for the engine, but it, of course, wi 1 be understood there are two valves, one for the intake and the other for the exhaust. AL

though the engine shown is a water jacketed one, it is to be understood my valve mechanism is applicable to air cooled as well as water cooled engines, and its employment, of course, does not depend upon the number of engine cylinders for it is applicable to one cylinder, or any number of cylinders, and when more than one cylinder is used, whether they are cast separately, or en bloc.

For cooling the casing 14 it is formed mas er with annular heat radiating ribs, or fins 29; it has a fiat sided wrench-receiving head 30 for convenient screwing and unscrewingof it; and in order to assure a gas tight joint a gasket 31 is interposed between it and the engine head.

It will be observed that the valve proper, or that part which cooperates with the seat, is larger in diameter than the cylindrical guide-forming extension, and this large diameter is possible because of the provision of the hole 12 for screwing the casing to the head, which hole 12 is of ample size and said valve proper need be of a diameter only sufliciently less than that of the hole 12 toallow the passage of it through said hole in assembling, or separating the parts.

When the filling plug has the tool-receiving head, as shown in Fig. 1, a tool for grinding may be applied thereto; or as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, a slot 32 may be provided in the valve to receive the turning tool.

In constructing an engine embodying my invention, although the spark plug 33 may be applied in any suitable place, I prefer to place it in the center of the head of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.

It will be evident from the various forms in which 1 illustrate my invention as embodied, that such invention is not limited to any precise construction and relative arrangement of the parts, and hence, it is to be understood that 1 do not restrict myself even to such particular constructions and relative arrangements of the parts as are shown in the drawin s.

Having thus descri ed my invention what I claim is 1. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a single, stationary valve seat, a puppet valve having a guide-forming extension and having a surface to cooperate with said single stationary seat, a guide connected with the c linder in a part surrounding said extension and closed on all sides to the external atmosphere, said extension bein hollow to receive a spring, and a coil spring hearing at one end against an internal surface on, said extension, and on .its other end against a relatively stationary part.

2. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a single, stationary valve seat, a puppet valve having a ide-forming extenslon and having a sur ace to cooperate with said seat, a guide connected with the cylinder in a part surrounding said extension on the side of the passage across from the valve seat, said extension being hollow to receive a spring, a coil s ring hearing at one end against an inte'rna surface on said extension, and on its other end against a relatively stationary part, and a filling plug within said coil spring.

mas er 3. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a single, stationary valve seat, a puppet valve having a guide-forming extension, a guide casing having a detachable threaded connection with a hole in the cylinder wall closed on all sides to the external atmosphere, said extension beinghollow to receive aispring, and a coil spring bearing at one end against an interna surface on said extension, and on its other end against a relatively stationary art.

4. The combination of an engine cylinder havin an integral head and provided at the end adjacent said head with a passage having a slngle, stationary valve seat, said head having in line with said valve seat an internally threaded hole, a valve for said seat having on one side a stem and on the other side a guide-forming extension, a cylindrical casing having a threaded portion at one end that engages said threaded hole, and. having its other end closed and its side closed whereby communication with the external atmosphere is revented, and its interior forming a gui e for said valve extension, and said valve extension being hollow, a spring within said casing, and the chamber in the valve extension actin to push the valve to its seat, and a fi ing plug within said coil spring;

5. The combination of an-engine cylinder having a valve-controlled passage with a stationar valve seat, a puppet valve having a guideorming extension, a guide casing surrounding said extension and closed to the atmosphere on all sides beyond said extension, and said extension bein hollow to receive a spring, and an expansible acting coil spring hearing at one end against the valve,

and at the other end against the closed end of the casing.

6. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve controlled passa e with a stationary valve seat at one side of said passage, a puppet valve having a surface to cooperate with said seat and reaching across said passage to the opposite side thereof, a guide casing closed to the external atmosphere having a chamber into which said puppet valve reaches, and a spring in said chamber hearing at its outer end against a relatively stationary surface and at its inner end against the portion of the valve extending into the casing chamber, whereby the spring is protected from high temperature in said passage, the portion of the valve situated in said uide casing being hollow and surrounding t e spring.

7. The combination of an engine cylinder having a valve controlled passage with a stationary valve seat at one side of said passage, a pup et valve having a surface to cooperate w1t said seat and reaching across said passage to the opposite side thereof,-a guide casing closed to theexternal atmosphere having a chamber into which said puppet valve reaches, and a spring in said chamber bearing at its outer end against a. relatively stationary" surface and at its inner end against the portion of the valve extend-- ing into the casing chamber, whereby the spring is protected from high temperature in said passage, the portion of the valve situat-ed in said uide casing being hollow and surrounding t e spring, and a filling plug within said coil spring.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereuntoset my hand.

FRANK D. SHEPHERD.

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