US1188476A - Lathe. - Google Patents

Description

W. C. OSTERHOLM.

LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 4, |913. 1,188,476.

W. C. OSTERHOLM.

LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 4. 913.

Patented June 27, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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LATHE.

APPLICATIONy FILED OCT. 4, 191'3.

Patented J une 27, 1916.

wILL c. oszrnanonm, or cIIIcAeo, ILLINOIS.

of a lathe so that the cutting tool or toolsv after being set in operation will automatically perform the required work, then be rendered ineffective and returned to van initial position from which a second cycle may be commenced. l

2o 4A- further object is to improve the construction and operation of lathes.

These and other objects are accomplished by providing a lathe having properly timed and coperating parts whereby a cutting i tool or tools, after being set in operation,

are fed in a manner to perform the desired work, then withdrawn from the work and returned to an initial position preparatory to repeating the cycle, theoperation of the parts being entirely automatic with the exception of the starting of the lathe. V

The invention is illustrated on the accompanying sheets'of drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation of a lathe embodying my inventionyFig. 2 is a plan view of thel same lathe; Fig. 3 is an elevation of one end of the same lathe; Fig. 4 is an elevation of the opposite end of the lathe; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken in the plane of line 5v5 of Fig. 2

showing partsof the lathe controlling Inechanism; Fig. .6 is a detail sectional view 'taken in the planes of the irregular line 6-6 of Fig. 2,' showing a tool holder of the lathe with a part ofits actuating mechanism;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation, parts being in section and broken away, substantially in the plane of line 7-7 of Fig. 2, showing the work supporting mechanism and actuating means therefor; Fig. 8 is a detail side elevation of one of the tai1stocks;and, Fig. A9 is a sectional view of the same tailstock taken in the plane ofline 9-9 of Fig. 8.

The various novel features ofmy invention will be apparent from the description latch has been withdrawn.

vspecification of Leners Patent. Patend Jamey?, 1916, Application filed October 4, 1913. Serial No. 793,289. v y

and drawings and will be particularly set forth in the appended claims.

The lathe includes a main body portion or bed 10 upon which are mounted two supports 11 and 12 having bearing portions 13, 1n whichv is journaled a drive shaft 14 at one end of which is secured a gear 15 in mesh with another gear 16 mounted upon a stub shaftl 17 supported in the support- Ing member 11. Also mounted upon the shaft 17 are tight and loose pulleys 18. and

-19 respectively, which are alternately engaged by a drive belt 20 which receives its motion from any suitable source. The belt 20 is adapted to be shifted from one pulley to the other by a belt shifter, including an arm 21 secured to a rod 22 supported in bearing members 23 secured to the bed 10 lof the lathe. Secured to one -end of the rod 22 is an arm 24 having a laterally eX- tending portion 25 which is normally engaged by a latch member 26 formed at the end of a bar 27, which reciprocates in supporting members 28. To one end of the bar 27 is adjustably secured a projecting member 2,9 whichis adapted to be engaged by a moving part of the lathe to be referred tohereinafter. Also secured to the rod- 22l is a projection 30 which is engaged by one end of a spring 31, the other end of which `is secured to a fixed point orprojection 32 on the frame 10. The spring 31 tends to move the arm 24 in an upward direction and at the same time shift the belt 20 from tight pulley 18 .to loose pulley 19 to bring the lathe to a state of rest. Under normal operating conditionshowever, the

belt 20 is heldin engagement with the tight pulley 18 and the arm 24 held in its extreme downward position by the latch 26, the latter of .which normally is held in locking position by a spring 33, which also returns the latch 26 to such position when the The arm 24 is guided "'in its movement by a guiding member 34 secured to the frame 10.

To support work placed in the machine, I have provided an annular supporting member 35 having a base portion 36 which is received by a groove 37 which extends transversely through the upper part of the lathe bed 1'0. "Mounted within the annular member or frame 35 is a gear 37 upon the inner Y periphery of which are formed two lugs38 which are bridged by a central supporting member 39 having an irregular central opening 40, two walls of which form right angles for receiving the squared portion of a metal bar 41, which in this particular instance is the work or piece of metal placed in the machine to be turned. A clamp 42 having a right angled portion engages the other two sides of the squared piece of material 4l and is adapted to be moved into a locking position by a screw 43. 'lhis central bridging work-clamping or supporting member is mounted within and secured to the gear wheel 37 a, which is driven by a gear 44 mounted upon the central portion of shaft 14.

rlhe work or metal bar, preparatory to beying placed in lathe, has its ends provided with center drilled holes which receive the dead centers 45 and 46 respectively mounted in tailstocks 47 and 48 respectively which are slidably mounted in grooved positions 49 of the lathe bed. rlhese stocks may be secured in any position by bolts and nuts, as shown at 50. The dead centers 45 and 46 are located in tapered hollow portions 51 ofreciprocating members 52, each having a f These two carriages are identical in construction with the exception that one is rack 53 adapted to mesh with and be actuated through a gear y54 formed yon one end of a sleeve 55, with which is integrally formed a head 56. Motion is transmitted to each reciprocatory member 52 through the rack 53 and gear 54 from a handle 57 having a frictional driving connection 58 with the head 56 of the sleeve 55. Therefore, when work is to be placed in the machine, the two vhand operated levers 57 are turned to place the centers 45 and 46 withinthe drilled end portions of the work placed in the machine. rlhe centers 45 and 46 will continue to pass into the drilled portions of the work until the friction of the frictional connection '58 is overcome, whereupon, by a continued move# ment in the same direction of the hand levers 57, the centers will be clamped in a fixed position due to theA fact that the hand levers 57l are keyed to bolts 59 which pass through the split portions 60 of the tailstocks. With the work 41 Abetween the oenters, and the clamp 42 down upon the work, bolts 61, which pass through the bridging member 39 and enlarged openings in lugs 38, are loosened to permit the work to assume the correct center from a position into which it may have been sprung. The bolts 61 are then tightened to hold the work in aiixed lcentral position, whereupon the lathe may be set in motion.

Slidably mounted and guided upon the 'upper surface 62 of the lathe bed 10 are right and left carriages v63 and 64 respectively.

* .right'hand and the other left hand. For

this reason l will describe only one in detail. I Each of the carriages is provided with a 'A threaded member 72 maarre transverse vide portion 65 in which'"h adapted to slide a tool holder actuator 66 having a recessed portion 67 in which 1s volves in a counterclockwise direction, the

tool holder actuating member 66l and tool holder proper 74 will be moved away from the work in the lathe. llt is apparent, therefore, that from this arrangement the tools maybe fed to and from the work placed in the lathe.

The carriages 63 and 64 move toward and from each other, the tools cutting while the v carriages are moved toward each other.` rlhe movements of the carriagesv 63 and 64 are controlled by cam members 77 and 78 mounted respectively upon drums 82 and 81, which in turn are secured to an actuating shaft 79 journaled in bearings 80 of the lathe frame.

Each of the cam members 77 and 78 comprises four parts which are clamped onto the drums 81 and 82 by bolts ,passing through drilled lug portions 83 on said parts.. rl`he cam portions 84 and 850i each of the cam members are engaged in turn by depending lugs 86 and 87 secured to carriages 63 and 64 respectively.

'lhe driving mechanism for the cam members 77 and 78 includes a large worm gear 9() which is mounted upon one end `of the vshaft icc 79 and meshes with a worm 91, secured to one end of which 4is a bevel gear 92 which meshes with another bevel gear 93 secured to one end of a shaft through which motion may be transmitted under different conditions from pulleys 93a and 94a, which are alternately engaged by -a belt 95, the latter passin over a pulley'96 mounted upon one end o driving shaft 14. Located within the pulley 93a is a planetary dierential gear of any well known type for reducing the speed which wouldotherwise be transmitted -to the large worm gear 90. rlhe driving belt 95 passes .around this differential pulley 93v for edecting a relatively slow movement of the carriages 63 and 64 toward each other, while the tools carried thereby are perform ing work. However, when the tools have been withdrawn from the work, it is desirable that the carriages be'given a quick return movement. This is accomplished by shifting the belt 95 onto the other pulley 94a which may be coupled directly to the shaft 94 upon which bevel gear 93 is'mounted in any desirable manner; lt is seen, therefore, that when the worm gear 90 is actuated, and therefore the cams 77 and 78, the lugs 86 and y 87, which are secured tothe carriages 63 and .64 respectlvely, will be forced to follow the' cam surfaces 84 and 85 of the cams, thus controlling the movement of the carriages 'toward and from each other.

gear 97 mounted upon one end of the shaft in a supporting member 100.

71, the gear 97 being in mesh with a rack 98 on one end of a sliding member 99 guided Secured to one end of the sliding member 99 is a roller 101 which coperates with a cam member 102 secured to one side of worm gear 90. It is seen, therefore, that whenever the worm gear 90 is in motion the cam member 102 is actuated. The cam member 102 has two circular portions 103 and 104 respectively and two other cam portions 105 and 106 connecting the portions 103 and 104. As shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the cam 102 moving in a counterclockwise direction, the roller 101 is about to pass through the cam portion 105 to raise'the rack 98 and thereby rotate the shaft 71 in a counterclockwise direction to move the tool holders away from the work. No motion is transmitted to the rack 98 while the roller 101 is in either of the cam portions 103 or 104, but with the cam 102 rotating in a, counte'rclockwise direction the tool holders are moved toward the work when the roller 101 passes through the cam portion 106. l

Formed on one end of the drum 82 is a cam 107, forming a unitary cam structure therewith, and which is engaged by an offset roller 108 mounted in one end of a pivotally mounted lever 109, to the other end of which is pivotally 4secured a rod 110 which passes through a guide member 111 and has secured to its end a belt shifting fork 112 and a brake 113 for arresting movement of the pulley- 94a when the belt 95 has been shifted therefrom onto pulley 93a. This cam 107 controls the shifting of the belt 95 from either of the pulleys 93a or 94@L to the other for transmitting slow or fast motion to the carriages 63 and 64. The roller 108 is held in engagement with the cam 107 by a spring 114 mounted -over the rod 110 and located between a collar portion 115 on said rod and the guiding member 111.

The operation of the lathe is as follows:l

With the parts as shown in the figures of the drawings, the carriages 63 and 64 are in their innermost positions and by referring particularly to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the roller 101 is about to pass through the cam Aportion 105 to draw the tool holders and tools away from the work. As the roller 101 passes through the cam portion 105 of the cam 102, the lugs 86 and 87 engage flat portions of the cams 77 and 78. In other ing withdrawn from the work the carriages 63 and 64 proper are at rest. As soon an outward movement with respect to eachl other by the engagement of the lugs 86 and 87 respectively with the cam' portions 85 of cams 77 and 78. This outward idling movewords, as the tool holders and tools are bey ment of the carriages 63 and 64, during which time no work is being done by the tools, will be a relatively rapid one due to the fact that at the beginning of the outward movement of said carriages the roller 108 will be shifted onto the high portion of the .cam 107, thus shifting the belt 95 onto the pulley 94a which'forms a direct driving connection with the actuated controlling cam parts 77and78. As soon as the carriages have been moved to their extreme outward positions the lugs 86 and 87 respectively resume positions at points 120 and 121 on the cams 77 and78 respectively. Just previous to this time.and during the outward travel of the carriages 63 and 64, the latter carriage, near its extreme outward position, engages the projection 29 on rod 27, carrying the latch 26 out of engagement with-the hooked portion 25 of lever 24, permitting the spring 31'to throw the belt 20 from tight pulley 18 onto loose pulley 19 to bring the lathe to a state of rest. During the quick return lmovement of the carriages 63 and 64 away from each other, the roller 101 passes through cam portion 104 of the cam 102. J ust previous to the time when the machine is brought to rest the roller 101 passes from cam portion 104 through the cam-portion 106 of cam 102 to move the tool holders and tools toward the work, the tools, however, being beyond the extremities of the work. At this `point work which has been in the machine is removed and a new piece placed in the machine as already described hereini above. With the new piece of work placed in the machine, the arm 24 may be lowered to shift belt 20 from loose pulley 19 onto tight pulley 18 to start the machine in operation, the arm 24 being held in this position by the latch 26 being returned to its engaging position with the hooked portion 25 of arm 24. As soon as the machine is started to operate, the carriages 63 and 64 will be moved toward each other with the tools engaging the work, this movement being caused by the engagement of lugs 86 and 87 with the cam portions 84 of cams 77 and 78, the cutting movement being relatively slow due to the fact that at this time the roller 108 engages-the low part of the cam 107, permitting the belt 954 to transmit motion throughy the vdiierential pulley 93a. This inward movement ofthe carriages and the cutting by the tools continues until `the parts have` returned to the position illustrated in ,the various igures of the drawings, whereupon the tools and holders will be withdrawn from the Work automatically and the carriages inv turn giveny their outward quick return movement and the tools and holders fed toward the work again before the machine is stopped automatically.

By means `of the arrangement shown the control and operation of the lathe is automatic and the piece of work in the lathecan be completed'during one cycleof operation.

AIt is evident that there may be various modifications of my invention as herein particularly shown and described, and itis my intention to cover all such modifications which do not involve a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

What I claim as new is:

1. ln a lathe, the combination ofworking tools, carriages therefor, cams for controlling automatically movements of said carriages toward and from each other, cams for controlling automatically movements of the tools in said carriages with respect to work in the lathe, operative connections between said cams, carriages and tools, means for actuating said carriage-controlling cams,

and a cam-actuated reciprocatory rack member through which said tool-controlling cams are actuated. V

2; Inra lathe, the combination of a central work support, a plurality of tools, a plurality of carriages therefor in which said tools are movably mounted, a ldrive shaft, cams mounted on said drive shaft and operatively connected with said carriages for reciprocating said carriages toward and from said work support, a second drive shaft, cams mounted on said secondv drive shaft for moving said tools with respect to said carriages, means for driving said shafts, and means whereb thelathe may be stopped automatically un er predetermined conditions by movement of one of said carriages.,

3. ln a lathe, the combination of a central work support, working tools, carriages therefor, cams for controlling automatically movements of said' carriages toward and from each other and toward and from said central work support, cams for controlling automatically movements of the tools in said carriages with respect to work in the lathe, operative connections between said cams, carriages and tools, means for actuating said carriage-controlling means, and a cam actuated reciprocatory rack member through which said tool working cams are actuated.

4f. ln a lathe, the combination of a cen-l tral work support, working tools, lcarriagesl therefor, cams for controlling automatically movements of said carriages toward and from each other and toward and from said central work support, cams 'for controlling automatically movements of thev tools in said carriages with respect to work in the lathe, operative connections between said cams, carriagesand tools, means for actuating said carriage-controlling means, and a cam actuated member through which said tool controlling cams are actuated.

lin testimony whereof l aiiix my signature, in the presence of two witnesseso WlLLlAM. C. USTERHOLM. Witnesses: .A l

J. LUNDQmsT, H. STUDEMEYEB.

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