US1373690A - Metal-working machine - Google Patents

Description

H. H. WANDERS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.-

`APPLICATION man FEB; 7. 191s.

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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H. H. WANDERS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

l APPLlcMloN FILED FEB. r. 191s.

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

3 SH EETS-S HEET 2.

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I?. f' Y @y 83 Qyz, 82 63 l 82 @ya 68 #IV/ENTOR. y 46,3 `BY f 0' www WQ MW H. H. WANDERS.

METAL WORKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FlLED FEB. 7. 191s.

1,373,690. Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A TT ORNE Ysg UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

METAL-WORKENG MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

Application filed February 7, 1918. Serial No. 215,896.

o all y:l/0m it may concern:

Be it known that l, l-lnns H. WANDnns, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Brookline, in the county of Norfolk and State oi lw/lassachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Metall/Vorking lilachincs, of which the following is a specification.

'ihe object ot this invention is to provide amstel-working machine which may be employed ttor operating simultaneously upon diiieient portions of the work which are eccentric in respect of each other. For example, in the production oi crank shafts, it is desirable to turn or to finish accurately the cranks, which are arranged out of alinemont with the airis ot the shaft, and the specilic object ci my present invention is to provide a machine by which all oi the various cranks may he accurately turned or finished simultaneously. As a feature of the invention, the member to he acted on will prei' rably be held in a relatively fixed nonrotatable position while the tool members will have both circumferential and axial rotation relative to the member' to be acted on.

ln the illustrated embodiment of the invention, .l accomplish these objects by the employment of a plurality of rotary annular tool carriers which are arranged to rotate about dii'lierent axes and which carry tools ttor operation upon the cranks ot a crank sh aft held against rotation by the work holders or carriers.

@n the accompanying drawings,

Figure l represents in side elevation a machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 represents a section on the line f---B 'ot Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrow.

l represents in detail the steady rests and centering jaws for the crank shafts.

Fig. 5 represents one of the rotary tool carriers and its bearing frame.

Fig. 6 represents a side elevation of the same.

7 represents a section on the line 7-7 ot Fig. on a larger scale.

Fig. 8 represents a section on the line SWS of Fig. o, on a larger scale.

9 represents t rf if?.

l0 shows the face of one oit the mill- 4dead spindle 25.

a section on the line 9 9' ing cutters which is utilized in the present embodiment of the invention. K

Fig. ll represents in plan view a portion oi' the power-transmitting mechanism which is employed for transmitting power from the main shaft to the various tool carriers.

F ig. l2 is a more or less diagrammatic v iew showing the mechanism for transmitting power from the main driving shaft to the shafts by which the tool carriers are rotated, and the cutters themselves are rotated about their several axes.

Fig. 13 illustrates the arrangement of the annular tool carriers for reducing the cranks ot' a four-throw crank shaft.

Fig. la shows the arrangement of the cutter carriers for a six-throw crank shaft.

@t course it will be understood that the invention is capable oi a variety of embodiments, and that, while I have illustrated the same in the form oi a machine for reducing the cranks or crank pins of a crank shaft, it is capable of application for many purposes. I also desireto have it understood that the machine is illustrated more or less conventionally but in sufficient detail to make clear the principle of its operation; and turther that the phraseology which I employ heroinis for the purpose of description and not oi limitation.

its illustrated, the ymachine is provided with a bed 2O which is illustrated Aas being ot the cabinet type. and upon yone part ol? which are supported the bearing frames for the annular tool carriers and upon another part ol which is supported a movable carriage in which one end of the work may he clamped. The bed is provided with a table 2l, and at a higher elevation with a second table 22. Upon the table 2l. oit the bed is adjustably bolted or otherwise secured atail stock 23 provided with a split tubular clamp 24 in which there is slidingly mounted a rllhe clamp is closed by a handle nut 26 on a screw .(not shown) carrie-:l by the stationary portion o'f the clamp. Ry loosening` the bolts or other fastenings, the stock 23 may be adjusted to dill'crent positions lengthwise of the bed. The spindle is ordinarily held against rotation, audit carries on its inner end a chuck 27 in which one end ot the crank shaft to be `operated upon is secured. Any suitable-form of chuck maybe utilized such as the one whichl shall describe in .connection with the head stock for holding the other end of the crank shaft. Upon the table 22 thereisgibbed a-sliding head-stock carriage 28, the apron 29 of which supports a shaft 30. rlhis shaft at its front end is equipped with a hand wheel 3l by which it may be rotated, and at its other end with a gear 82 meshing with a stationary rack- 33 on the side of the bed. By ,rotating the hand wheel 81, the canV riage 2S may be moved lengthwise of the bedY in one direction or the other. To limit the movement of the carriage on its guideway ineither direction, stops 34, 35 are located at the ends ofthe guideway and project into the. path of movement of the carriage. After the carriage has been adjusted to proper position, itmay belocked against 4movement'by a clamp which comprises a gib 36, a screw projecting upwardly therefrom through the front portion of the base of the carriage, and a handle nut 37 bearing against the upper face of the base. By tightening the nut, the carriage may, after adjustment, be held securely against longitudinal movement. The carriage is provided with a stock 38, which is shown as in the form of a tubular split clamp'which f, Vmay be tightened upon a hollow spindle or chuck. hinged clamping.)r member V413 which is open.

sleeve i0 by a locking nut 89. At its outer end the sleeve or spindle is provided with aY collar 4:1 and at its kinner end with a segment 42 which constitute a portion of rlhe chuck also comprises a ated by a nut d4 on a bolt l5 hinged at et@ to the segment 42. rilhe chuck or clamping mechanism thus described grasps and securely holds the end of the crank shaft opposite that held by the chuck 27 on the dead spindle 25. The sleeve or spindle et() be rotatively adjusted to rotate the crank shaft bodily about its axis for the purpose of positioning it in reference to the rotar f cutter carriers. To this end, the segment@ is provided with worm teeth et? which intermesh with a worm 48 on a cross shaft e9 journaled in the carriage 3S, and having on the front end thereof a hand wheel :'iOby which it may be rotated. Sometimes :it is desirable to limit the rotation 'of the chuck and the crank shaft clamped therebyy for the purpose of accurately positioning` the crankson the shaft in' reference tothe assoelated cutter carriers, and to this end the stock 38 may be provided with two stops 51, 52, for engagement by the end of the seg'- rnent A12.` As illustif'ated in Fig. 3. those I stops are Vlocated to Vpermit the rotation of tol thechuckandthe crank shaft through an are of90". `The segment has on its face two lugs 142 and 143, one carrying an abutment. 14e and the other a screw 145 between which the end crank arm or cheek of the crank shaft may be rigidly clamped.

' rom the description thus far given, it`

vthe carriers and their frames usua vpairs is true only of a will be seen that the ends of the crank shaft, which constitute its journals, may be rigidly clamped in the chucks of the two stocks which by analogy may be termed respectively the tail-stock 24E and the headstock 38. By arranging the head-stock so that it may be fed lengthwise of the bed and by providing the tailestock with the elongated spindle 25, it is possible firstto clamp the ends of the crank sl to be operated upon in the two chucks at a time when the carriage has been fed to the limit o f its movement toward the right, and then bodily to feed the crank shaft to the left in position to locate the cranks accurately in respect 'of theV rotatable cutter carriers. Similarly, when the work upon the crank shaft has been completed, after unclamping the spindle the head-stock may be fed to the right so as to remove the crank shaft to a position where it may be disengaged from the chucks and taken out of the machine, After the cranrshaft has been moved'into position to permit the operation of the cutters thereon, theA spindle 25 is clamped against rotative movement and the sleeve 38 islikewise clamped. in this connection, it may be observed that, after the crank shaft has been moved to position within the annular tool carriers, it may be bodily rotated about the axis of its journals to bring the cranks in proper relation to the several cutters to permit the latter to operate thereon, and it is for this purpose that the head-stock is provided with the oscillatory or rotative sleeve and the worin mechanism for effecting' its movement about its axis. in F l, the head-stock, indicated as being' broken Voff the right end of the mai-hina, shows the position. which the head-stock assumes after it has been moved to the right to Awithdraw the crank shaft from the cutter carriers,

The number of the cutter carriersand the bearing` frames in which they are respectively mounted depends upon the number of cranks on the crank shaft. lWhen a K,haft is provide-d .vith four cranks. there are 'preferably four cutter cai. and likewise, if there are six cranks, six cutter carriers are preferably provided. r)These cutter carriers arc to rotate aboutaXes coincident w ,1h the arles of tlv` cranks, y beingr arranged in pairs, as renards their rotating about the same axis. This arrangement in crank shaft, for in turning` other kinds of work it is quite apparent that'V the axes of rotation ofthe cutter-carrying' heads may all be parallel to each other and no two of them be in alinement or coincident, ln the machine illustrated upon the drawingin Finis. l to 1B inclusive, there are sufficient cutter carriers to operate simultaneously upon the four cranks ol" a tour-throw crank shaft. Each carrier is mounted in a suitable bearing trame supported upon the table 21 of the bed, but these 'frames are Aremovable and are interchangeable with others, so that the machine can quickly be adapted for ope 'ating upon crank shafts ot different sizes or having different numbers of cranks. As illustrated, there .are four tra-mes each ot which is indicated as a whole at 54e. The base of cach trame is secured to a slide or block which extends across the table'2l and is provided with gibs 56, 56, engaging ribs 57 on the iront and rear of the bed. Any suitable means may be utilized tor' clamping the gibs against the ribs to prevent dislocation of the blocks and the frames carried thereby. The blocks vary in thickness, so that, by removing one block and substituting another ol' greater or less thickness, the.whole frame may be raised or lowered to locate its axis in the desired horizontal plane. Preferably each block is provided with a plurality oi threaded sockets tor screws 59, passed through slots in the base of the associated frame, so that the trames are capable of lateral adjustment in respect to the bedand may be secured after such adjustment. By properly locating the threaded sockets :tor the screws 59, the heads may be adjusted so as to lie at an angle other than 900 to the longitudinal lines ct the bed, so that the axes of rotation of the cutter carriers themselves may be inclined in respect to the axis of the two chucks. T he blocks 55 and the trames thereon may be adjusted longitudinally of the bed 2l and secured in place aiter adjustment.

Mounted to rotate in each fra-ine, there is a tool carrier, the details of construction of which are illustrated on sheet 2 ot the drawings, rllhiscutter carrier consists et a ring or annulus 66, the rim portion ot' which is journaled in a bearing ailorded by the frame,

as shown in Fig. 8. The frame 54: is provided with a -Hang-e162, between which and a cover 6l bolted to the trame, the rotatable carrier is held against axial movement. The annular carrier is provided with three bearing surfaces, one its peripheral surface as indicated at 62, one fa `flat surface 68 on one tace, andthe other a beveled surface 164 on its other tace., wThis. rotatable carrier may Vbe provided with reentrant cutters or tools et any suitable character for operating upon the work. For example, it ymay be provided with forming cutters, with a milling head, or with a grinding tool. l have illustrated, however, each carrier as being provided with a' milling cutter which is arranged radially oi'i'th'e headand rotated about its axis during the rotation ol' the head. `The carrier is provided' with a ribbed projection 64 which extends radially inwardly and which is utilized in supporting a tool close to the work. ln the present case, this projection is formed with a socket to receivethe milling spindle and its adjuncts, the socket being indicated at 65. lnto the socket is inserted a short sleeve 66 in which the reduced end of the spindle 67 is inserted, and a longer sleeve 68 in which the other end of the spindle ,is mounted. The sleeve 68 is illustrated as being provided with an external thread rfor engaging a complemental thread in the socket To hold the cutter spindle 67 against axial movement, it is threaded as at 69 to receive the'twocollars 70, 71. Between the collar 71 and the end of the sleeve 68 there is a washer 72. `The outer end of the sleeve 68 is cupped to receive an anti-friction bearing comprising the two races 7 3, 7 4, and the balls 7 The race 7 8 abuts against the bottom ot the socket, while against the race 74 bears a shoulder 76 formed on the spindle 67. The whole sleeve 68 may be rotated to adjust the spindle lengthwise or axially, and the collars 70, 7l may be adjusted to compensate for wear. By the construction described, the spindle is held against axial movement. To hold the sleeve 68 after it has been adjusted, the projection 6i, which is approximately tubular with longitudinal ribs, is split as shown in Fig. 7 and is provided with a clamping screw 77 to draw the split portions together and tightly clamp the Vsleeve 68. Upon the projecting end of the spindle 67 there may be secured any suitable form of milling critter. As shown, the end of the spindle is tapered as at 78 to lit a complemental socket in the milling head 79. This head is secured to the spindle by a screw collar 80, and is held against rotation relatively to the spindle by a cross pin 8l which fits in internal grooves or slots in the head 7 9. The tace of the head is provided with a number of blades or cutters as shown in Fig. 10. lVith convenience, four of the blades 82 may be relatively long and arranged with one face of each in a plane radial to the axis of the spindle. The other blades 83 may be relatively short, as shown, and may be located only in the outer portions of the 'face oi the head. As previously stated, instead of employing a milling cutter, `the end oit' the spindle could be equippedwith any other 'form of tool such as a grinding wheel, or the spindle itself could be provided with a` turning or torming cutter, in which 'event of course the spin- 'dle would beheld against rotation. f In the presentw instance, however, inasmuch as I have illustrated a milling cutter, l have also shown means by which its spindle maybe rotated about its axis, but I will defer `the explanation of this mechanism until I have described the cutter' carrier may ben rotated.

Each annular cutter carrier is provided means by vwhich each annular with worm teeth 182, formed on its periphery as illustrated in Figs. 5, 8 and 9, and a worm 183 meshes therewith. rilhis worm 183 is formed on or secured to a shaft 84 which extends into the bearing frame in which the tool carrier head is mounted and is journaler' in suitable bearings provided therefor. lthe shaft projects rearwardly beyond the frame and is provided with means by which power may be transmitted thereto to effect its rotation. Any suitable means may be employed for driving the shafts 84 to cause the rotation of the several Vtool carriers. 1n

.Figs V2, 11 and 12, l have shown one form of power-transmitting mechanism which will serve the. purpose. This mechanism comprises a main drive shaft 86, which, through reducing gears 87, 88, 89 and 90, drives a shaft 91 parallel to that at 86. From the Vshafts 84, by any suitable mechanism.

shaft 91 power is transmitted to the wor'pi l s shown, the shaft 91 is provided with sprocket wheels 93 for driving two chains 92.l 92, each of which engages the sprocketwheels 85 of two of the shafts 84. Consequently, when the shaft 91 is in rotation, allv four of the worm shafts 84 are rotated simultaneously.

The several milling cutters, which are supported by the annular cutter carriers, are rotated about their respective axes by mechanism which will now be described. Each spindle 67 has splined thereon a bevel gear 100 (see Fig. 8), the teeth of which intermesh with bevel gear teeth formed on annular gear 101 which is journaled in the head and heldin place by an annulus 102. The hub of the gear 100 bears against suitable anti-friction thrust bearings indicated as a whole at 103, there being a washer at 104 at the other end of the gear. The worm gear 101 is engaged with a. worm 105 formed on or secured toa shaft 106 which is jour-v naled in the lassociated frame. One end of the shaft projects beyond the rear of the frame, as shown in Fig 5, and is provided withlmeans by which rotation may be imparted thereto. As illustrated, each of the worm shafts 106 is provided with a sprocket 107 for engagement with sprocket chains 108 driven by sprockets 109 on the main driving shaft 86. Y

From the explanation thus far given, it will be quite apparent that, when the worm shafts 106 are rotated, the'worm gears 101 likewise will berotated and will in turn, by reason of their intermeshing relation with the gears 100, effect the rotation of the cutter spindles at a relatively high speed.

1Where a four-throw crank shaft is to have itsY cranks reduced, the'bearing frames for Vthe tool carriers may be located. .in the relative position shownin Fig. 13. Two of the frames, to wit, the't'wo middle frames, are

.located at a slightlyV higher elevation than the two outer frames, so that the axes ofthe milling cutters carried thereby will not intersect the axis of the crank upon which the cutter is toV operate. This, however, is merely incident to the employment of milling cutters, as the frames may be adjusted to any desired height by employing blocks 55 of different heights. i/ilhere a six-throw crank shaft is to be treated, the frames may be relatively located as illustrated in 14.

rlhe machine is preferably provided, at points between the two stocks 23 and 38, with means for resisting` the thrust of the cutters upon the cranks and for centering the crank shaft. Any suitable means for accomplishing this result may be employed, but in Fig. 4 I have shown a device or appliance which will accomplish the purpose. lReferring to Fig. 4, I employ two floating steady rests or V-blocks 110,110, which are supported by the two angle arms 111, 111. As a matter of incidental construction, the blocks 110 are attached to screws 112 which pass loosely through apertures in the angle arms and which are encircled by springs 113 introduced in sockets in said arms and bearing against the ends of the sockets and the blocks 110. The two angle arms are respectively pivoted at 114 to a cross bar or carrier 115 which is gibbed to the table 21 of the bed by gibs 116 which engage the ribs 57, 57. The two angle arms may be drawn Y together by a long eye-bolt 117 hinged by the pint-le 118 to the upper end of the rear angleV arm, and an elongated internally threaded sleeve nutf119 provided at its end with a handle wheel 120. r1`he inner end of the sleeve 119 bears against a member or block 121 which has a vhook 122 engaging a groove 12,3 inthe upper end of the forward 105 angle arm 111. By rotating the hand wheel 120, the angle arms may be drawn together or separated as desired. When they are separated, theyvmay be held upright, or the front angle bar drawn forward by a handlello bar 124 which is secured to said frontV angle arm and projects forwardly toward the front of the machine.v l

rllh'e main drive shaft 86 may have power imparted thereto from any suitableV source. 115 As shown, this shaft, the shaft 91, and the shaft 128 which supports the intermediate gears 88 and 89, are all mounted upon a bracket 129 which is aiiiXed to the rear wall of the bed as indicated inrlfigs. 2 and 11.. 120 The shaft86 is provided with a largepulley 130 by which it may be rotated through clutch introduced between' it and the shaft. Ihave not shown this clutch mechanism, but Y l have indicated at 1300 a lever located at 125 the front of the` machine by which this clutch may be controlled. I have also indi# cated at 131 another clutch -lever for controlling'the clutch furthe sprockets 93 on the shaft 91. 'f

After the bearing frames for the cutter carriers have been located upon the table 21 of the bed in their proper positions, they may be all tied together by a longitudinal bar 133 to insure a rigid construction and prevent the upper portions of the frames from spreading or from yielding in one direction or the other. This bar 133 may be formed in any suitable way and may be secured by any convenient means to the frames.

The operation of the machine is as follows: Assuming that the head-stock 38 has been moved to the right as far as it Will go, and the spindle 25 has been projected to the right through the interior of the annular cutter carriers, a crank shaft, on which the cranks are to be reduced, is clamped in the two chucks carried by the tivo stocks. The hand Wheel 31 is then rotated to carry the head-stock, the tail-stock spindle and the crank shaft to the left so as to bring the cranks in the vertical planes of the respective tool carriers, and thus bring the cranks into potential Working position in respect of the several cutters. ln the case of a fourthrow crank, the shaft is introduced with the cranks in the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 13. rlhe steady rests are then brought into operative position to engage one of the main 'journals between the ends of the crank shaft, and cause the V- blocks loosely to engagethe journal. The head-stock is now 'clamped rigidly by operating the handle nut 37.' By rotating the hand Wheel 50, the sleeve el() of the headstock 38, and the crank shaft are indexed to rotate the crank shaft bodily about its axis and bring the cran rs thereof in position to be engaged by the milling cutters as indicated in full lines in Fig. 13. Before indexing the crank shaft, it is desirable to start the milling cutters in operation, and this, of course, will be done by the manipulation of the lever 1300 which controls the clutch for the shaft 86. As soon as the indexing of the crank shaft is completed, the clamp nuts 26 and 39 are set to hold the crank shaft Vagainst further rotation, and the steady rests are adjusted into firm engagement with the journal of the crank shaft. Then the cutter carriers are set in rotation by a manipulation of the lever 131 which controls the clutch for the sprockets 93 on the shaft 91. As the cutter-.carriers are rotated about the axes of the several crank pins, the milling` cutters continue their rotation and the crank pins on the crank shaft arerreduced and finished. rlhe crank shaft is removed from the machine, after the operation is completed, by loosening the clamp nuts 26 and 39 and moving the head-stock to the right, before which it is necessary to stop the rotation of the cutter-carrying heads and to release the steady rests and usually to stop the rotation of the milling cutters. The crank shaft, of course, is reversely indexed to bring it to a position Where it is disengaged from ithe cutters.

Having thus explained the nature of my said invention and described a Way of making and using the same, although Without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use, What I claim Vis:-

1. A metal-Working machine comprising an annular tool carrier, a bearing therefor, Work holders adapted to hold Work extending through said carrier, means by Which said Work may be fed longitudinally into and out of position Within said tool carrier, mechanism for rotatively indexing said Work, and means for rotating said annular tool carrier.

2. A metal-working machine comprising means for supporting a crank shaft and holding it against rotation, cutting mechanisms arranged to operate simultaneously on a plurality of the crank pins of said crank shaft, and mechanism for effecting the simultaneous operation of said cutting mechamsm.

3. A metal-Working machine comprising means for supporting a crank shaft and holding it against rotation, a plurality of annular tool carriers encircling said crank shaft and concentric with the crank pins thereof When the latter are in position to be operated on, and means for simultaneously rotating said tool carriers.

4L. A machine for simultaneously reducing a plurality of the crank pins of a crank shaft, comprising holders having rotatable chucks for engaging the end journals of said shaft, annular tool carriers adapted to encircle the several crank pinsk of said shaft and having tools for operating on said crank pins, mechanism for rotating one of said chucks to index the crank shaft, and mechanism `for causing a relative rotation of said crank shaft and all of said tool carriers simultaneously.

5. A machine for reducing the crank pins of a 'crank shaft, comprising holders for engaging the end journals of said shaft, annular tool carriersadapted toencircle the several crank pins of said shaft and having tools for operating on said crank pins, a main shaft, and mechanism, actuated thereby for rotating said toolV carriers simultaneously about their respective axes.

6. A metal-Working machine comprising a plurality of approximately parallel annular tool carriers arranged to rotate about nonalined axes and having rentrant tools to engage Work passing through said carriers, and mechanism forsimultaneously rotating said tool carriers.

7. A metal-Working machine comprising a plurality of approximately parallel annular tool carriers arranged out of axial alinement, means for feeding the work into the interior of said annular carriers, and mechanism for simultaneously rotating said tool carriers about their respective axes and about the work.

8. A metal-working machine comprising a plurality of approximately parallel annular tool carriers, a bed, bearings on said bed-,in

.which said carriers are mounted, work holders normally located beyond the opposite ends of the plurality of cutter carriers, for supporting work passing through the carriers, and mechanism for sin'iultaneously rotating said tool carriers about the work.l

9. A metal-workingmachine comprising a bed, holding means on said bed for supporting the work, an annular tooll carrier arranged to encircle the work held by the work-holding means and being eccentric in respect of the axis of the work-holding means, a tool mounted on said carrier, means for rotating said tool carrier, means by which said work may be bodily indexed about its axis to bring a portion thereof in position to be engaged bythe tool, and means for holding said work against rotation.

10.V A metal-working machine comprising a bed, holding means on said bed for supporting the work, an annular tool carrier arranged to encircle the work held by the work-holding means and being eccentric in respect of the axis of the work holding means, a tool mounted on said carrier, means for rotating said tool carrier, mechanism for rotatively indexing said work about its axis to bring a portion thereof in `position to be engaged by the tool, means for holding` said work against rotation, and mechanism for moving said work-holding means to introduce the work longitudinally into and to withdraw it from said annular tool carrier.

11. A machine for reducing the crank pins of a crank shaft,comprising holders for engaging the end journals of said shaft, annular tool carriers adapted to encircle the several crank pins of'said shaft, rotary tools carried by and projecting inwardly from the lseveral annular carriers, and mechanisms for rotating the tool carriers and the tools simultaneously about their respective axes of rotation. v 12. A machine for reducing the crank pins of a crank shaft, comprising holders for engaging the end vjournals, of said shaft, annulartool carriers adapted to encircle the several crank pins of said shaft, rotary tools carried by and projecting inwardly from the several-annular carriers, mechanism for rotatingV the several carriers and indepeir dently controlled mechanism for rotating the several tools about their axes of rotation while said carriers are in rotation. Y

13. A metal-working machine comprising a bed, a tail-stock thereon having an elongated slidable rotatable spindle, a chuck on said spindle, a head-stock having a rotatable spindle provided with a chuck, an annular tool carrier arranged between said chucks to permit the work topass therethrough, means for slidingv said head-stocktoward and from the tail-stock, and means for clamping said spindles against rotation.

14. A metal-working machine comprising a bed, a tail-stock thereon having an elongated slidable spindle, a chuck on said spindle, a head-stock having a spindle provided with a chuck, an annular tool carrier arranged between said chucks, means for moving said head-stock and said tail-stock spindle (when the chuck thereon is clamped to the work) in a direction longitudinal of the work, and means for clamping saidspindles to their respective stocks to hold the work against'rotation.

15. A metal-working machine comprising a bed, a tail-stock thereon'having an elongated slidable spindle, a chuck on said spindle, a head-stock having a spindle provided with a chuck, an annular tool carrier arranged between said chucks to permit the work to pass therethrough, mechanism for rotating said tool carrier about the work, means for moving said head-stock and said vtail-stock spindle (when the chuck thereon is clamped to the work) in a direction longitudinal of the work, means for indexing one of said spindles to rotatively adjust the work, and means for holding said spindles against rotation when the tool carrier is in operation.

16. A metal-workingmachine comprising a bed, a tailstock thereon having an elonA gated slidable spindle, a chuck on said spindle, a head-stock having a spindle provided with a chuck, an annular tool carrier arranged between saidchucks to `rotate about the work, mechanism for rotating the annular tool carrier, means for moving said head-stock and said tail-stock spindle (when the chuck thereon is clamped to the work) in a direction longiudinal of the work, and means by which said spindles may beheld against rotation. y Y

17. A metal-working machine comprising a bed, a tail-stock thereon having an elongated slidable spindle, a chuck on said spindle, a head-stock having a spindle provided with a chuck, an annular tool carrier arranged between said chucks to receive the work therethrough,,means for moving said head-stock and said tail-stock spindle (when the chuck thereon is clamped to the work) Vin a direction longitudinal of the work,

means for rotatively indexingV one of said spindles -to rotatively adjust the work, and means by which said spindles may be clamped against rotation.

18. A metal-working machine comprising a bed, means thereon for holding a bar or shaft against rotation, a plurality of annuiso lar tool carriers each adapted to encircle said bar or shaft and to rotate thereabout, a rentrant tool on each carrier, a bearing frame for each carrier, and interchangeable slides of different thicknesses on the bed on which said frames are adjustably secured.

19. A metal-working machine comprising work holders for holding the ends of a bar or shaft to be operated on, a plurality of annular tool carriers adapted to encircle said bar, means for rotating said tool carriers, and work-steadying means arranged between said work holders.

20. A metal-working machine comprising a work holder for stationarily supporting the work, an annular carrier arranged to encircle the work, a tool spindle journaled in said cairier and having a tool thereon, gear teeth formed on or secured to said annular carrier, a gear on said spindle, an annular gear supported bythe annular carrier and having gear teeth engaging the gear on the spindle, and independent worms engaging the toothed tool carrier and said annular gear for driving them independently of each other. Y

21. A machine for reducing the relatively eccentric crank pins of a crank shaft comprising work holders for engaging the end journals of said crank shaft and holding said shaft against rotation, a plurality of annular tool carriers encircling the several crank pins of said shaft and having reentrant tools for operating on said crank pins, and mechanism for actuating said tool carriers simultaneously to cause the tools thereof to operate simultaneously upon said several pins.

22. A machine for reducing the crank pins of a crank shaft comprising work holders for yengaging the end journals of said crank shaft, a plurality of annular tool carriers encircling the several crank pins of said shaft and having rentrant tools for operating on said crank pins, mechanism for actuating said tool carriers simultaneously to cause the tools thereof to operate simultaneouslg,7 upon said several pins. and steadyrest mechanism for engaging an intermediate journal of said crank shaft.

23. A machine for reducing the' crank pins of' a crank shaft comprising Work holders for engaging the end journals 0f said crank shaft, a plurality of annular tool carriers encircling the several crank pins of said shaft and having rentrant tools for operating on said crank pins, mechanism Yfor actuating said tool carriers simultaneously to cause the tools thereof to operate simultaneously upon said several pins, and means for moving said crank shaft bodily about its axis to move said crank pins toward and from said tools.

24C. A machine for reducing the crank pins of a crank shaft comprising work holders for engaging the end journals of said crank shaft, a plurality of annular tool carriers encircling the several crank pins of said shaft and having rentrant tools for operating on said crank pins, mechanism for actuating said tool carriers simultaneously to cause the tools thereof to operate simultaneously upon said several pins, and means for moving said work holders to introduce said shaft into and to withdraw it from said annular tool carriers, including a work-holding spindle having a chuck movable longitudinally through all of said carriers.

25. In a metal-working machine of the character described, an annular tool carrier, having a rentrant socketed projection located between the ends of said carrier, and a tool mounted in the socket in said proj ection.

26. .ln a metal-working machine, a bed, a tool carrier, and work-holding means comprising a sliding carriage, a spindle journaled thereon and having a worm gear thereon, a worm journaled in the carriage and intermeshing with said gear to index the spindle, a chuck carried by said spindle, and means for clamping said spindle against rotation. l

27. ln a metal-working machine, a bed, a tool carrier, a work holder, and steady-rest -mechanism comprising a carrier on the bed,

a pair of arms each of which is pivoted at its lower end to the said carrier, said pivoted ends being spaced apart, means for drawing together and separating the free ends of said arms, and steady rests supported b v said arms between the ends thereof for engaging the work.

28. ln a metal-workingmachine, a bed, a tool carrier, a work holder, and steadyrest mechanism comprising pivoted arms, means for drawing together and separating said arms, and steady rests supported by said arms for engaging theV work, each rest being spring-tensioned and capable of limited movement relatively to its supporting arm. Y

29. ln a metal-working machine, a bed, a tool carrier, a work holder, a steady-rest mechanism comprising pivoted arms, an eyebolt and handle nut for drawing together and separating the free ends of said arms, a slide on the bed to which said arms are pivoted, the pivots for said arms being spaced apart and the lower portions of said arms being divergent, and steady rests supported by the respective arms.

ln testimony whereof I have aiiixed my signature.

HANS H. WANDERS.

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