US11067018B2 - Method for regenerating an Otto particle filter of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle - Google Patents

Method for regenerating an Otto particle filter of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle Download PDF

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US11067018B2
US11067018B2 US16/371,142 US201916371142A US11067018B2 US 11067018 B2 US11067018 B2 US 11067018B2 US 201916371142 A US201916371142 A US 201916371142A US 11067018 B2 US11067018 B2 US 11067018B2
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particle filter
cylinder
internal combustion
combustion engine
otto particle
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US20200018252A1 (en
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Michael Langegger
Michael Reinhardt
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Assigned to DR. ING. H.C. F. PORSCHE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment DR. ING. H.C. F. PORSCHE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Langegger, Michael, Reinhardt, Michael
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
    • F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
    • F02D13/0219—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
    • F02D17/02—Cutting-out
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1606—Particle filter loading or soot amount
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for regenerating an Otto particle filter of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, and to a control device for carrying out such a method.
  • Otto particle filters either must be exchanged or else should be regenerated during the operation of the vehicle.
  • the exchange of an Otto particle filter involves a corresponding workshop visit and the costs for this exchange. This, too, leads to increased material consumption, because a new Otto particle filter is required as a replacement.
  • a regeneration during the ongoing operation of the vehicle may duly lengthen the service life of the Otto particle filter, but is associated with poorer operation and thus with corresponding inefficiency in the regeneration and in operation during the regeneration phase.
  • the present invention provides a method for regenerating an Otto particle filter of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.
  • the method includes identifying a loading state of the Otto particle filter above a regeneration threshold, operating the internal combustion engine in a heating mode for the purposes of heating the Otto particle filter to a temperature threshold, switching a first cylinder of the internal combustion engine from a fuel supply to an air supply, and continuing to operate at least one further cylinder of the internal combustion engine with the fuel supply.
  • FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine for carrying out a method according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a temperature situation over the course of a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a control device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide certain advantages over known solutions and lengthen the service life of an Otto particle filter in an inexpensive and simple manner.
  • the invention relates to a method for regenerating an Otto particle filter of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.
  • a method according to the invention has the following steps: identifying a loading state of the Otto particle filter above a regeneration threshold, operating the internal combustion engine in a heating mode for the purposes of heating the Otto particle filter to a temperature threshold, switching at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine from a fuel supply to an air supply, and continuing to operate at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine with a fuel supply.
  • a method according to the invention is performed in particular when the vehicle is at a standstill on a vehicle stand.
  • the heating mode and the regeneration mode are provided without influence on driving operation of the vehicle that would otherwise be present.
  • a method according to the invention starts by virtue of the overshooting of a regeneration threshold being identified through monitoring of the loading state of the Otto particle filter.
  • This regeneration threshold is preferably provided with a buffer in relation to the functional limit of the Otto particle filter.
  • the regeneration threshold is identified as having been overshot.
  • the loading state of the Otto particle filter must be reduced. It is sought to achieve this by combustion or catalytic combustion. To be able to provide this, it is necessary in a first step for the Otto particle filter to be brought to a corresponding minimum temperature in order to be able to provide the combustion of the soot particles stored in the Otto particle filter. This attainment of a temperature threshold in the form of the minimum temperature occurs in the heating mode and in a corresponding operating condition of the internal combustion engine. The possibilities for making this heating mode faster and more efficient will be discussed in more detail further below.
  • the temperature threshold is to be understood here to mean the temperature, or the temperature range, above which the regeneration process in the form of the catalytic or free combustion of the soot particles in the Otto particle filter becomes possible. It is self-evidently also possible for a further increase in the temperature, and thus an acceleration of the regeneration process or a more efficient combustion of the soot particles, to occur during the course of the regeneration.
  • a supply of oxygen is necessary. Aside from a targeted supply of oxygen from an oxygen bottle, the ambient air may also be used as oxygen-containing gas.
  • a switch of at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine from a fuel supply to an air supply is performed after the temperature threshold has been reached. This is to be understood to mean that operation is performed in the normal mode, with a fuel supply to the cylinder. In other words, fuel is injected as a fuel mixture into the internal combustion engine and compressed in the cylinder until an ignition occurs, which forces the piston of the cylinder in the opposite direction again.
  • the switching of the at least one cylinder from fuel supply to air supply self-evidently corresponds with the actual design, specific to the vehicle, of the exhaust system. If this is for example a two-tract exhaust system with, correspondingly, also two separate Otto particle filters, then the switching for each separate tract and for each separate Otto particle filter will also be performed for a separate specific cylinder. In the case of a six-cylinder engine which has a dedicated Otto particle filter for in each case three cylinders, it is correspondingly necessary for one dedicated cylinder to be switched to air supply for each Otto particle filter. Thus, in this case, of the six cylinders, two cylinders are operated with an air supply, and four cylinders continue to be operated with a fuel supply.
  • At least one of the following measures is implemented: adjustment of the camshaft, adaptation of the fuel injection, adaptation of the ignition angle during the fuel injection, dethrottling of the internal combustion engine, and closure of an exhaust-gas flap.
  • a dethrottling of the internal combustion engine is to be understood for example to mean a corresponding rearrangement of a turbocharger or exhaust-gas recirculation system. It is accordingly possible for so-called bypass paths, wastegates or else variable turbine geometries to be rearranged in order to accelerate the heating mode or make said heating mode more efficient.
  • the heating mode of the internal combustion engine is maintained after the temperature threshold has been reached.
  • the heating mode may be continued uniformly or with reduced outlay. A lowering of the temperature after the temperature threshold has been reached, and thus during the course of the regeneration mode, can thus be prevented in an effective manner.
  • the heating mode is carried out with ongoing monitoring of the temperature of the internal combustion engine or of the Otto particle filter.
  • a further advantage can be achieved if, in a method according to the invention, the internal combustion engine is operated with increased engine rotational speed after the temperature threshold has been reached.
  • the engine rotational speed is increased in relation to the engine rotational speed in the heating mode. This may be provided for example by means of an increased target value preset for the engine rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • An increased rotational speed leads, owing to the unchanging geometry of the individual cylinders, in particular to an increased and enlarged mass flow of air in the pump mode of the cylinder with an air supply.
  • the rate of regeneration can also be increased, and the regeneration time required for the regeneration of the Otto particle filter can be reduced.
  • a richer fuel mixture is to be understood in particular to mean a fuel-air mixture which has more fuel for the same quantity of air, such that, as a result of the enrichment of the fuel mixture, even in the case of a constant engine rotational speed or in the case of a slightly increased engine rotational speed, it is made possible for the torque provided to be maintained or even increased by the internal combustion engine.
  • the required pump functionality and the corresponding friction conditions must be provided by the remaining cylinders, which continue to be operated, with a fuel supply. There is thus altogether a remaining positive torque at the internal combustion engine, such that the regeneration mode can be brought to an end in an effective manner.
  • a loading model is used, with which measured values of the Otto particle filter are compared. This involves in particular a pressure difference of the gas pressure upstream of the Otto particle filter and downstream of the Otto particle filter.
  • At least one boundary condition is also checked for the execution of the regeneration, in particular one of the following boundary conditions: vehicle is situated on a vehicle stand, readout and/or checking of the fault memory of the vehicle, and connection to an external exhaust system.
  • vehicle is situated on a vehicle stand
  • readout and/or checking of the fault memory of the vehicle and connection to an external exhaust system.
  • the above enumeration is not an exhaustive list.
  • an unnecessary or false regeneration is avoided.
  • the at least one switched cylinder is switched back from the air supply to the fuel supply, whilst a further cylinder is switched from the fuel supply to the air supply. It is thus for example possible for switching of the cylinder between pump mode and normal combustion mode to be provided in a rotating manner. In particular, here, it is always the case that two cylinders overlap during the switch to an air supply, in order to be able to ensure a continuous or substantially continuous feed of oxygen-containing air in the regeneration mode.
  • the switching may be performed in a manner controlled by means of sensors or on the basis of a fixed switching time period.
  • the present invention likewise relates to a control device for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • a control device has an identification module for identifying a loading state of the Otto particle filter above a regeneration threshold.
  • a heating module is provided for operating the internal combustion engine in a heating mode for the purposes of heating the Otto particle filter to a temperature threshold.
  • the control device has a regeneration module for switching at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine from a fuel supply to an air supply, and for continuing to operate at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine with a fuel supply.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an internal combustion engine 100 with in this case six cylinders 110 .
  • a separate tract of an exhaust system 120 is provided for in each case three of the cylinders 110 of the internal combustion engine 100 .
  • a catalytic converter KAT and an Otto particle filter OPF is provided for each exhaust tract in the exhaust system 120 .
  • the loading state of the Otto particle filter OPF can be identified, and in particular the correlation in the event of overshooting of a regeneration threshold.
  • the vehicle is advantageously at a standstill, in particular on a vehicle stand in a workshop.
  • the regeneration method can now be performed by means of the control device 10 as schematically illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the control device 10 includes an identification module 20 for identifying a loading state of the Otto particle filter above a regeneration threshold, a heating module 30 for operating the internal combustion engine in a heating mode AB for the purposes of heating the Otto particle filter OPF to a temperature threshold (TS), and a regeneration module 40 for switching at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine from a fuel supply to an air supply.
  • Heating in a heating mode AB is performed in the first step, as is also shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the heating relates to the corresponding temperature of the Otto particle filter OPF.
  • the internal combustion engine 100 is operated normally with all cylinders 110 .
  • all cylinders 110 or in particular the majority of the cylinders 110 , are operated with a fuel supply K, that is to say are fired with a fuel-air mixture, in order, by means of the controlled combustion in the cylinder 110 , to provide the desired torques and, through the waste heat, the desired heating of the Otto particle filter OPF.
  • a temperature threshold TS has been reached after a corresponding heating phase of the heating mode AB has expired, said heating mode AB can be deactivated or can be at least partially continued.
  • the temperature at the Otto particle filter OPF is now high enough to carry out the regeneration mode. For this, however, the supply of oxygen is required in addition to the required temperature. To ensure this, it is now the case that, for each exhaust tract of the exhaust system 120 as per FIG. 1 , one of the in each case three cylinders 110 is switched from fuel supply K to air supply L.
  • heating mode AB Numerous possibilities can be used here for the heating mode AB. These include inter alia also the closing of an exhaust-gas flap 122 and/or the closing of a wastegate valve 124 .
  • the recitation of “at least one of A, B and C” should be interpreted as one or more of a group of elements consisting of A, B and C, and should not be interpreted as requiring at least one of each of the listed elements A, B and C, regardless of whether A, B and C are related as categories or otherwise.
  • the recitation of “A, B and/or C” or “at least one of A, B or C” should be interpreted as including any singular entity from the listed elements, e.g., A, any subset from the listed elements, e.g., A and B, or the entire list of elements A, B and C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
US16/371,142 2018-04-03 2019-04-01 Method for regenerating an Otto particle filter of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle Active 2039-04-26 US11067018B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018107769.6A DE102018107769A1 (de) 2018-04-03 2018-04-03 Verfahren für eine Regeneration eines Otto-Partikel-Filters eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Fahrzeugs
DE102018107769.6 2018-04-03

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US20200018252A1 US20200018252A1 (en) 2020-01-16
US11067018B2 true US11067018B2 (en) 2021-07-20

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CN (1) CN110344914B (de)
DE (1) DE102018107769A1 (de)

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DE102017216978B4 (de) * 2017-09-25 2021-03-04 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Antriebseinrichtung sowie entsprechende Antriebseinrichtung
DE102018107769A1 (de) * 2018-04-03 2019-10-10 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren für eine Regeneration eines Otto-Partikel-Filters eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Fahrzeugs
DE102019106539B4 (de) * 2019-03-14 2022-12-29 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters eines Abgasnachbehandlungssystems eines Ottomotors
CN113720722B (zh) * 2021-08-25 2024-03-26 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 一种颗粒捕集器累碳装置及颗粒捕集器快速精确累碳方法

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US20200018252A1 (en) 2020-01-16

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