US1022349A - Multiple hoist. - Google Patents

Description

W. A. BARKER.

MULTIPLE HOIST.

APPLIOATION Hum APB.26,1B11.

Patented Apr. 2,1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. A. BARKER.

MULTIPLE HOIST.

APPLICATION FILED APE.26,1911.

Patented Apr.2, 1912.

3 BHEBTS'-BHEET 2,

km KN fizz/6Z2 4. 2077567 W NESSES COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINOTON, D- C.

W. A. BARKER.

MULTIPLE HOIST.

APPLIOATION IILEDAPR. 26. 1911.

1,022,349. Patented Apr.2, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH COqWASNINGTON a. CV

WENDELL A. BARKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MULTIPLE I-IOISI.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 25, 1911.

Patented Apr. 2, 1912. Serial No. 623,190.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WVENDELL A. BARKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple Hoists, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new and improved form of hoist, which may be used for raising and lowering a number of buckets, or the like, at the same time, the rope for each bucket being independent from those of all the other buckets to the extent that each rope may be individually raised 01' lowered without affecting the operation of the other ropes.

It will be understood that for many purposes, a hoist which is so constructed that a number of hoisting ropes may be individually manipulated is desirable. A good illustration of a location where a multiple hoist is desirable is given in the case of a building where it is necessary to sink a large number of caissons. For each caisson, a hole must be dug to a considerable depth. Under ordinary circumstances, it would be necessary to provide an individual hoist for each hole, so that a large number of hoists would be needed, or else only one or two holes could be dug at a time. It is often necessary to sink the caissons directly under a building, which is already standing. A familiar example of such a condition may be taken in the case of an old building which is to be torn down and replaced by a new building. In order to save time, it is desirable to sink the caissons for the new building before the old building is torn down, and this work must be carried on in the basement of the old building where only a small amount of head-room is available, and v where the greatest economy of space must be exercised. In such a location, the multiple hoist is peculiarly desirable, because of its compactness, and, as will hereinafter appear, the hoist of the present invention is peculiarly well adapted for arrangement of its parts to secure low head-room.

It will be understood that where a number of individual caissons are being sunk, an attendant should be stationed at each caisson to handlethe material which is sent up in the hoisting bucket. The hoist should be so arranged and constructed that each attendant may control the hoisting force exerted on the rope which leads from the hoist to his caisson, so that he can raise the bucket only as fast as he wishes, or can allow the same to slip back a little, or can entirely relieve the hoisting effort from his rope. At the same time, the hoist should be constructed in a simple manner, so that it will not easily get out of order.

Objects of the present invention are to provide a multiple hoist, which may be equipped with any desired number of hoisting sheaves, or drums; in which each sheave, or hoisting drum, may be individually connected to or disconnected from the source of power without in any way affecting the action of the remaining sheaves, or drums; to equip the hoist with suitable pulleys and guides, so that the hoisting ropes may be led into the hoist from any direction desired; to provide suitable mechanism so that each hoisting drum, or sheave, will be thrown into clutch with the source of power automatically, when a slight tension is placed on the slack end of the rope connected to it; to so arrange the mechanism that the sheave will remain connected with the source of power only as long as some tension is maintained on the slack end of the rope; to so arrange the mechanism that the speed of each sheave may be perfectly controlled at all times simply by regulating the amount of tension on the slack end of the rope; to so arrange the mechanisms that they may be brought together in a very compact and efficient relationship; andin general to provide a mechanism intended to meet all of the foregoing requirements as well as others.

Other objects and uses will appear from a detailed description of the invention which consists in the features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring now to the drawings, in Figure 1, I show a side view of my improved hoist, the same being equipped with four pairs of hoisting sheaves, making eight sheaves in all, and all adapted to be driven by a common motor; in Fig. 2, I show a plan view of the mechanism of Fig. 1; in Fig. 3, I show a plan view of the mechanism of Fig. 1, the top portion of the hoist being cut away; in Fig. 4, I show an enlarged detail cross section taken on the line 4- of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; in Fig. 5, I show an enlarged detail of a portion of a single hoisting unit to show the manner in which the rope is passed over the several pulleys and the sheaves, the arm being returned to normal position; and in Fig. 6, I show a view similar to Fig. 5, the arm being drawn over to throw the sheaves into clutch by applying tension on the slack end of the rope.

In the embodiment of my invention, I provide a hoisting sheave, or drum, for each rope, which is to be accommodated by the hoist. I then provide a clutch mechanism of suitable form, adapted to throw the sheave into and out of engagement with a member which is continuously driven by a motor, or other source of power. The rope corresponding to this sheave is guided up to the same and partly encircles it. It then passes off and away from the sheave over pulleys, or other similar guides, suitably supported so that when a tension is thrown on the slack end of the rope, the clutch mechanism will be operated to throw the sheave into clutch with the gear, or other mechanism, which is running at constant speed. A spring, or the like, is provided for restoring the clutch mechanism to normal position, thus releasing the sheave, when the tension on the slack end of the rope is released or sufficiently reduced.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, I provide a number of main gears, all of which are meshed together and continuously driven. Each main gear is provided with a clutch block on each face and adjacent each clutch block is located the corresponding hoisting sheave. This in turn is provided in the adjacent face with a depression of suitable form and size to engage the clutch block. Each sheave is loosely mounted on its shaft, so that it may be shifted back and forth by means of suitable shifting mechanism. Each shifting mechanism is in the form of a fixed cam, and a co-acting cam between the fixed cam and the corresponding sheave, said co-acting cam being provided with an arm which carries one of the guide pulleys for the slack end of the rope. By properly guiding the rope over this pulley, the arm will be thrown over when a tension is placed on the slack end of the rope, and thus the clutch mechanism will be actuated to throw the sheave into clutch.

Referring now to the drawings, the particular form of mechanism therein illustrated is carried by a suitable frame which is provided with a pair of lower longitudinal rails 7 and 8, upper longitudinal rails 9 and 10, vertical struts 11, and cross braces 12. A pair of middle rails 18 and 14 respectively serve as supports for the necessary axles and clutches.

In the construction illustrated, an electric motor 15 provides power for rotating a main shaft 16 through the medium of a pulley 17 j and the pulley 18, which are connected by a belt 19. The main shaft carries a pinion 20 which meshes with gears 21 on jack shafts 22 which latter carry pinions 23.

In the construct-ion illustrated, the mechanism is substantially symmetrical with respect to the main shaft, the latter being adapted to drive four hoisting sheaves on each side. Owing to the fact that the mechanism of the several pairs of sheaves are practically alike, I shall, in a later portion of this specification, limit myself to a description of but one pair of sheaves, thus shortening and simplifying the description.

On each side of the mechanism, I provide two shafts 24 in line, each of which carries in its middle portion a gear 25, the nearer one of said gears meshing directly with the pinion 23, and the farther of the gears meshing with the gear in advance of it. Thus all of these gears 25 are continuously rotated by themotor through the medium of the necessary connections. Inorder to prevent longitudinal displacement of each gear on the shaft 24, a suitable key 26 is provided, and the journals 27 for these shafts are of suitable formation to prevent endwise move ment of the shafts. The desirability of this construction will subsequently appear.

Each side of each gear is provided with an inner flange 28 and an outer flange 29, the said flanges being suitably formed and spaced to accommodate between them a clutch block 30 of truncated cone formation. Each hoisting sheave 31 is slidably mounted on the shaft, and is provided with a clutch flange 32, having its inner face 33 suitably formed to engage the clutch block 30, when the sheave is pushed over against the same. In the construction shown, each sheave is provided with a groove 34 of proper shape to drive a hoisting rope.

The bearing members 27 which were previously mentioned have their inner portions 35 suitably formed to present cam faces 36 with which slidable cam blocks 37 may engage, each cam block in turn pressing against the hub 38 of the corresponding sheave. Each cam block is provided with an arm 39, the upper end 410 of which serves as a bearing for a pulley 11, the groove of which alines with the groove of the corresponding sheave. As the arm is rotated back and forth, it will. shift the sheave into and out of engagement with the corresponding clutch block 30, the groove of the corresponding pulley meanwhile maintaining its alinement with the groove of the sheave.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 5 and 6, I will describe the preferred arrangement for guiding each rope over its sheave.

The rope comes in over a pulley 12 which can swing around to face the' direction from which the rope comes. The pulley is so con structed, however, that the rope always passes through a hole 43, located directly above the groove of the sheave so that the rope will always be guided straight down into the groove of the sheave without binding on any portion of the structure. After encircling the sheave, the rope passes over the pulley 41 on the arm 39 and then out and away from the hoist over a pulley 44. This latter pulley is also so formed that it may swing into any position to allow the rope to pass off at the proper angle.

It will be noted that the pulley 41 creates a considerable angle 45 in the slack portion 46 of the rope so that as soon as a tension is placed on said slack end, the arm will be drawn over into the position indicated in Fig. 6, thus throwing the sheave into clutch and causing the same to rotate in the direction of the arrow of said figure. lVhile a suflicient tension is maintained on the slack end of the rope, which may be done by taking up the rope as fast as itis fed over by the hoist, the sheave will be held in clutch, but as soon as the slack end of the rope is loosened, a spring 47 will return the arm to its normal position, thus unclutching the sheave. By this arrangement, the operator having charge of the slack end of the rope can constantly control the clutching and unclutching of the sheave causing it to pull on the rope or allowing the rope to run backward at will.

Reference again to Fig. 4 will show that the groove in each sheave is V-shaped. Such a shape is especially desirable for use in the present case, because the only gripping friction of the sheave on the rope is that due to the tension placed on the slack end thereof. By the use of the V-shaped groove, however, and by guiding the rope over the sheave in the manner illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, in which it is seen that the rope nearly encircles the sheave, a sufficient gripping action is easily secured for hoisting any desired weight on the rope.

I will now describe more in detail the guiding pulleys 42 and 44. The guide pulley 42 which may be designated the incoming pulley, is mounted in a housing 47, the base 48 of which is provided with a hole 49. A flanged member 50 is rigidly secured to the frame of the housing in such a way as to provide a space 51 below the flange 52 thereof. An inturned collar 53 on the housing partly encircles the flange 52 so that the hole 49 in the base of the housing always registers with a hole 54 in the flanged member, the pulley being so pivoted in its housing that its groove is directly in line with the hole 54 and the groove of the sheave at all times. It is true that the sheave may move back and forth a trifle during the clutching and unclutching operations, but this movement is so small that it does not affect the operation of the mechanism.

By placing the flange 53 on the rear side of the housing, the same will be held in proper engagement with the member 50 as long as there is a tension on the rope, and for this reason also it is not necessary that the flange 53 should completely encircle the flange 52, and thus I have provided a pulley which may be lifted away from the stationary portion of the hoist when the tension is released from the rope, without in any way disturbing the rest of the mechanism.

The preferred construction of pulley 44 which I term the outgoing pulley is well illustrated in Fig. 6. Its base comprises a horizontal cylindrical member 55 adapted to receive the neck 56 of a pulley yoke 57. The neck is provided with an annular groove 58 which is engaged by a set'screw 59 in the base member to hold the neck in engagement with the same. The base member is mounted practically in line with the pulley 41 so that the grooves of the two pulleys will be practically in line at all times. The bearing 60 of the yoke is preferably raised slightly off center from the neck 56, so that a tension on the slack end of the rope will tend to twist the outgoing pulley over, thus causing it to face in the proper direction to allow the rope to leave practically on a tangent from the pulley. In the construction illustrated, the outgoing pulleys are mounted together in the same base in pairs for the adjacent sheaves.

As heretofore stated, one of the main objects of this invention is to so associate the different parts of the hoist that they may be brought into compact a structure as possible, and one requiring a low head-room and comparatively small floor area. As a general rule, it is more desirable that the machine should be narrow in one direction than that it should be short in the other direction. I have taken advantage of this fact to secure low head-room, by placing all of the gears in line, and driving in both directions from the main shaft which carries the pulley 18. This being the case, the chief factor determining head-room is the diameter of the hoisting sheave and the locations of the pulleys which guide the rope over the same.

I have been enabled to place the various mechanisms within the comparatively narrow structure by mounting a hoisting sheave on each side of the main gear, thus virtually making the same do double duty. At the same time the total weight and cost of the structure is reduced by reduction of a number of parts, and increasing the size of each.

By driving in both directions from the main shaft 16, the stresses in the gears 25 are reduced, thus permitting me to make the same of lighter material and more economically.

By properly forming the journals 27, I prevent endwise movement of the shafts 24. This is desirable in order toprevent lateral displacement of the gears, so that when the hoisting sheave on either side is thrown int-o clutch, the sheave on the other side will not be affected.

When desired, a series of diagonal braces 61 may be provided for reinforcing the frame work, although as a general rule these would not be necessary.

I claim:

1. In a hoist, the combination of a driving member mounted on a shaft, a hoisting member loosely mounted on the shaft adj acent one face of the driving member, friction clutch mechanism between the hoisting member and the driving member, shifting mechanism for shifting the hoisting member into lateral engagement with the driving member, a guide pulley mounted on said shifting member, and other guide pulleys for guiding the hoisting rope over the hoisting member and said first mentioned guide pulley in such manner that tension on the slack end of the rope actuates the shifting member to throw the hoisting member into clutch with the driving member, substantially as described.

2. In a hoist, the combination of a driving member mounted on a shaft, ahoisting member loosely mounted on the shaft adjacent one face of the driving member, friction clutch mechanism between the hoisting member and the driving member, a shifting member on the shaft for throwing the hoisting member laterally into engagement with the driving member, an arm on said shifting member, a pulley on the arm, and other pulleys for guiding the rope over the hoisting member and over the arm pulley in such a manner that tension on the slack end of the rope throws the arm to actuate the shifting member to throw the hoisting member into clutch with the driving member, substantially as described. a

3. In a hoist, the combination of a driving member mounted on a shaft, a hoisting member loosely mounted on the shaft adjacent one face of the driving member, friction clutch mechanism between the hoisting member and the driving member, a shifting member on the shaft for throwing the hoisting member laterally into engagement with the driving member, an arm on the shift-ing member, a pulley on the arm, an incoming guide pulley in fixed relation with respect to the hoisting member, an outgoing guide pulley in fixed relation to the arm pulley, and positioned with respect to the same to guide the slack end of the rope over the arm pulley in a manner to create an angle in the same, whereby when tension is thrown on the slack end of the rope the arm will be thrown over to throw the shifting mechanism and bring the hoisting member into clutch engagement with the driving member, substantially as described.

4:. In a hoist, the combination of a rotatable power member, a hoisting sheave laterally adjacent the same, clutch mechanism between the power member and the sheave, shifting mechanism in position to shift the sheave to actuate the clutch mechanism, a guide pulley secured to the shifting mechanism, and other pulleys suitably positioned to guide the hoisting rope over the sheave and over the first mentioned guide pulley to form an angle in the hoisting rope with the shifting mechanism guide pulley in such angle, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. In a hoist, the combination of a rotatable driving member, a hoisting sheave laterally adjacent the same, clutch mechanism between the driving member and the sheave, a stationary member, a cam shifting member between the sheave and the stationary member in position to shift the sheave and actuate the clutch mechanism, a guide pulley carried by the cam member, and other pulleys suitably positioned for guiding the hoisting rope over the sheave and over' the cam member guide pulley to produce an angle in the hoisting rope with its apex at the cam member guide pulley, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a hoist, the combination of a rotatable driving member, a hoisting member laterally adjacent the same, clutch mechanism between the driving member and the hoisting member, a stationary member adjacent the hoisting member, a cam member between the stationary member and the hoisting member, a guide pulley carried by the cam member in position to guide a hoisting rope from the hoisting member and be actuated thereby, and other guide pulleys suitably positioned for guiding the hoisting rope over the hoisting member and over the cam member guide pulley to produce an angle in the hoisting rope with the cam member guide pulley in the apex thereof, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

VVENDELL A. BARKER.

WVitnesses l '1. W. THOMPSON, J. E. THOMPSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. 0.

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