TWM527640U - 車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置 - Google Patents

車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置 Download PDF

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TWM527640U
TWM527640U TW105204548U TW105204548U TWM527640U TW M527640 U TWM527640 U TW M527640U TW 105204548 U TW105204548 U TW 105204548U TW 105204548 U TW105204548 U TW 105204548U TW M527640 U TWM527640 U TW M527640U
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circuit
unit
current
protection device
warning
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TW105204548U
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Pu-Jie Chen
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Reduce Carbon Energy Develop Co Ltd
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Priority to TW105204548U priority Critical patent/TWM527640U/zh
Publication of TWM527640U publication Critical patent/TWM527640U/zh
Priority to EP17161392.0A priority patent/EP3229340B1/en
Priority to US15/470,900 priority patent/US10081248B2/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/40—Features of the power supply for the anti-theft system, e.g. anti-theft batteries, back-up power supply or means to save battery power
    • B60R25/403—Power supply in the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/576—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to theft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/10—Driver interactions by alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置
本創作涉及汽/機車的車用電池的偵測及保護，進一步而言，尤指一種車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，所述的靜態電流偵測及電池保護裝置用於偵測車用電池的靜態電流並對車用電池提供保護。
汽/機車具有一發電機、一整流模組及一起動電池，發電機與整流模組電性連接，整流模組與起動電池及車輛的汽/機車的車燈、行車電腦等用電設備耦接，起動電池亦與用電設備耦接。
起動電池用於提供車輛引擎起動所需的電力及引擎未起動狀態下，車上的行車電腦、車燈等各種用電設備運作所需的電力。
引擎起動運轉後，引擎帶動發電機運轉，發電機運轉產生交流電，交流電由整流模組轉換為直流電，並向起動電池及用電設備輸出電力，提供起動電池充電及車輛的用電設備運作所需的電力。
本創作主要目的在於提供一種車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，用於偵測汽/機車的車用電池的靜態電流並對車用電池提供保護。
本創作係一種車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，包含一保護裝置，該保護裝置與汽/機車的車用電池、發電單元及負載單元耦接，該 發電單元通過該保護裝置對該車用電池供應電力，該車用電池通過該保護裝置對該負載單元供應電力；該保護裝置包含一偵測單元、一切換開關、一處理單元、一控制單元、一放電回路、一無線通訊單元及一防盜回路，其中，該偵測單元、該控制單元、該通訊單元及該防盜回路分別與該處理單元耦接，該切換開關與該偵測單元耦接，該放電回路與該控制單元耦接；該偵測單元包含一靜態偵測回路及一動態偵測回路，該靜態偵測回路是小電流偵測電路，用於偵測汽/機車於電門關閉的靜止狀態下，該車用電池的洩漏電流的電流大小，據此判斷汽/機車於電門關閉時，是否有異常電流洩漏現象，該動態偵測回路包含電壓偵測電路、大電流偵測電路及溫度偵測電路，用於偵測汽/機車於啟動的使用狀態下，該發電單元輸出電流的電流大小、該車用電池的電壓及電流大小、環境溫度；該處理單元是微處理器，該處理單元基於該偵測單元偵測所得的電流強度值、電壓值及溫度值，分別對該控制單元及該無線通訊單元傳送訊號，據使該控制單元作動，保護該車用電池；該切換開關是手動電路開關，用於變換該靜態偵測回路及該動態偵測回路的電路通/斷，據此選擇該靜態偵測回路或該動態偵測回路執行偵測；該控制單元包含一第一電路、一第二電路、一第三電路及一第四電路，該發電單元通過該第一電路對該車用電池充電，該車用電池通過該第二電電路對該負載單元放電，該第三電路及該第四電路並聯，該車用電池通過該第三電路及該第四電路與該放電回路耦接，該第一電路、該 第二電路、該第三電路及該第四電路分別設有電路開關，各該電路開關分別用於控制該第一電路、該第二電路、該第三電路及該第四電路的通/斷；該放電回路用於消耗該車用電池的電力；該無線通訊單元係藍芽訊號發射/接收器，該處理單元藉由該通訊單元與配裝有應用程式的手持式通訊器相互傳輸訊號，據此，藉由該通訊器讀取該車用電池的電壓及電流強度資訊及該發電單元的電壓資訊，並操作該保護裝置；該防盜回路是斷電回路，汽/機車於防盜狀態下，該防盜回路用於限制該車用電池的大電流輸出。
如前所述之車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，其中，該靜態偵測回路偵測電流強度範圍的最小偵測值為1毫安培。
如前所述之車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，其中，該保護裝置進一步包含一警示單元，該警示單元與該處理單元耦接，該警示單元包含一發聲器及/或一發光器，該警示單元接收該處理器傳送訊號，發出警示音及/或警示光。
所述車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，該靜態偵測回路於汽/機車電門關閉時，偵測該車用電池的放電電流強度，提供使用者判斷汽/機車於靜態時的電流消耗是否過高，而能及時對汽/機車是否有異常的電流洩漏問題進行檢修，據此保護該車用電池。
(1)‧‧‧保護裝置
(10)‧‧‧偵測單元
(11)‧‧‧靜態偵測回路
(12)‧‧‧動態偵測回路
(20)‧‧‧切換開關
(30)‧‧‧處理單元
(40)‧‧‧控制單元
(41)‧‧‧第一電路
(42)‧‧‧第二電路
(43)‧‧‧第三電路
(44)‧‧‧第四電路
(50)‧‧‧放電回路
(60)‧‧‧無線通訊單元
(70)‧‧‧防盜回路
(80)‧‧‧警示單元
(81)‧‧‧發聲器
(82)‧‧‧發光器
(2)‧‧‧車用電池
(3)‧‧‧發電單元
(4)‧‧‧負載單元
第一圖係本創作實施例設置於汽/機車的電路方塊圖。
第二圖係本創作實施例的電路方塊圖。
如第一圖所示，本創作車用電池的靜態電流偵測及保護裝置的實施例，包含一保護裝置(1)，該保護裝置(1)與汽/機車的車用電池(2)、發電單元(3)及一負載單元(4)耦接，該發電單元(3)主要由一發電機及一整流模組電性連接組成，該負載單元(4)包含汽/機車的車燈、行車電腦等用電設備，據此，該發電單元(3)通過該保護裝置(1)對該車用電池(2)供應電力，使該車用電池(2)充電，該車用電池(2)通過該保護裝置(1)對該負載單元(4)供應電力，使汽/機車的用電設備運作。
如第二圖所示，該保護裝置(1)包含一偵測單元(10)、一切換開關(20)、一處理單元(30)、一控制單元(40)、一放電回路(50)、一無線通訊單元(60)、一防盜回路(70)及一警示單元(80)，其中，該偵測單元(10)、該控制單元(40)、該通訊單元(60)、該防盜回路(70)及該警示單元(80)分別與該處理單元(30)耦接，該切換開關(20)與該偵測單元(10)耦接，該放電回路(50)與該控制單元(30)耦接。
該偵測單元(10)包含一靜態偵測回路(11)及一動態偵測回路(12)，該靜態偵測回路(11)是小電流偵測電路，汽/機車於電門關閉的靜止狀態下，該靜態偵測回路(11)偵測該車用電池(2)的洩漏電流的電流大小，並將偵測所得的電流強度值傳送該處理單元(30)，提供使用者判斷汽/機車於電門關閉時，是否有異常電流洩漏現象的依據，該靜態偵測回路(11)可偵測電流強度範圍的最小偵測值為1毫安培；該動態偵測回路(12)包含電壓偵測電路、大電流偵測電路及溫度偵測電路，汽/機車於啟動的使用狀態下，該動 態偵測回路(12)偵測該發電單元(3)輸出電流的電流大小、該車用電池(2)的電壓及電流大小、環境溫度，並將偵測所得的電壓值、電流強度值及溫度值傳送該處理單元(30)。
該切換開關(20)是手動電路開關，該切換開關(20)用於變換該靜態偵測回路(11)及該動態偵測回路(12)的電路通/斷，據此，使用者於汽/機車電門關閉或啟動時，操作該切換開關(20)，選擇該靜態偵測回路(11)或該動態偵測回路(12)執行偵測。
該處理單元(30)是微處理器，該處理單元(30)基於該偵測單元(10)偵測所得的電流強度值、電壓值及溫度值，分別對該控制單元(40)、該通訊單元(60)、該顯示器(70)及該警示單元(80)傳送訊號，據使該控制單元(40)作動，保護該車用電池(2)。
該控制單元(40)包含一第一電路(41)、一第二電路(42)、一第三電路(43)及一第四電路(44)，該第一電路(41)與該車用電池(2)及該發電單元(3)耦接，據使該發電單元(3)通過該第一電路(41)對該車用電池(2)充電，該第二電路(42)與該車用電池(2)及該負載單元(4)耦接，據使該車用電池(2)通過該第二電路(42)對該負載單元(4)放電，該第三電路(43)及該第四電路(42)並聯，該第三電路(43)及該第四電路(42)分別與該車用電池(2)及該放電回路(50)耦接，據使該車用電池(2)通過該第三電路(43)及/或該第四電路(44)對該放電回路(50)放電，該第二電路(42)、該第三電路(43)及該第四電路(44)分別設有電路開關(圖中未示)，各該電路開關分別用於控制該第二電路(42)、該第三電路(43)及該第四電路(44)的通/斷狀態。
該放電回路(50)用於消耗該車用電池(2)的電力。
該無線通訊單元(60)係藍芽訊號發射/接收器，該通訊單元(60)與配裝有應用程式的手持式通訊裝置(例如：行動電話，圖中未示)雙向傳輸訊號，據此，該處理單元(30)藉由該無線通訊單元(60)與該通訊裝置相互傳輸訊號，使用者可藉由該通訊裝置讀取該車用電池(2)的電壓值、電流強度值、該發電單元(3)的電流強度值及環境溫度值，並利用該通訊裝置操作該保護裝置(1)。
該防盜回路(70)是斷電回路，該防盜回路(70)與該車用電池(2)及該負載單元(4)耦接，且該防盜回路(70)與第二電路(42)串聯，用於控制該車用電池(2)與該負載單元(4)間的電路通/斷，汽/機車於防盜狀態下，該防盜回路(13)限制該車用電池(2)的大電流輸出。該警示單元(80)包含一發聲器(81)及/或一發光器(82)，該警示單元(80)接收該處理單元(30)傳送訊號，發出警示音及/或警示光，據此，處理單元(30)基於該偵測單元(10)偵測所得的電流強度值、電壓值及溫度值，判讀為異常時，對該警示單元(80)傳送訊號，使該警示單元(80)發出警示音及/或警示光，藉此警示使用者。該警示單元(80)係該保護裝置(1)可視需要選擇性設置或不設置的構成。
該切換開關(20)及該警示單元(80)可視需要設於汽車的駕駛室及機車的儀表處，提供使用者操作該切換開關(20)、觀看該警示單元(80)的方便性。
該偵測單元(10)偵測該發電單元(3)輸出電流的電流強度值IG、該車用電池(2)的電壓值V、電流強度值IB及環境溫度值T，並將前述各數值傳送該處理單元(30)，該處理單元(30)將各數值訊號分別向該無線通訊單元(60)，該無線通訊單元(60)將各數值訊號向使用者所持用的手持式通訊 裝置傳送，該通訊裝置所配裝的應用程式解讀所接收的數值訊號並顯示於該通訊裝置的顯示幕，使用者可以藉由該無線通訊單元(60)對手持式的該通訊裝置傳送的數值訊息，了解該車用電池(2)的狀態，提供使用者讀取並掌握該車用電池(2)及該發電單元(3)的狀態。
當汽/機車的電門關閉時，操作該切換開關(20)，使該靜態偵測回路(11)形成通路，該動態偵測回路(12)形成斷路，該靜態偵測回路(11)偵測該車用電池(2)的洩漏電流的電流大小，並將偵測所得的電流強度值IB傳送該處理單元(30)，該處理單元(30)並進一步向該無線通訊單元(60)傳送電流強度值IB，該無線通訊單元(60)將電流強度值IB向使用者所持用的手持式通訊裝置傳送，使該通訊裝置顯示電流強度值IB，提供使用者讀取並掌握當汽/機車處在電門關閉的靜止狀態時，該車用電池(2)供應行車電腦等設備的電力需求外，汽/機車是否有異常的漏電現象。
當汽/機車啟動時，操作該切換開關(20)，使該靜態偵測回路(11)形成斷路，該動態偵測回路(12)形成通路，該動態偵測回路(12)偵測該發電單元(3)輸出電流的電流大小、該車用電池(2)的電壓及電流大小、環境溫度，並將偵測所得的電壓值V、電流強度值IG、IB及溫度值T傳送該處理單元(30)，該處理單元(30)進一步向該無線通訊單元(60)傳送電壓值V、電流強度值IG、IB及溫度值T，該無線通訊單元(60)將電壓值V、電流強度值IG、IB及溫度值T向使用者所持用的手持式通訊裝置傳送，提供使用者讀取並掌握該車用電池(2)的狀態。
使用者利用該通訊裝置操作該保護裝置(1)執行鎖定進入防盜模式時，該防盜回路(70)偵測該車用電池(2)的電流大小，並將偵測所得的 電流強度值IB傳送該處理單元(30)，該處理單元(30)將電流強度值IB與預設的基本電流強度值I1進行比較，基本電流強度值11係依據該保護裝置(1)所裝設汽/機車於電門關閉狀態下，維繫汽/機車所配置行車電腦有效運作所需的電流強度值決定，並依據比較結果執行下列運作： 當IB≦I1時，該防盜回路(70)保持通路，該車用電池(2)通過該第二電路(42)及該防盜回路(70)對該負載單元(4)輸出電流，藉此避免行車電腦由於缺乏電力供應而回復汽/機車出廠時的參數設定。
當IB>I1時，該處理單元(30)對該警示單元(80)傳送訊號，且該防盜回路(70)形成斷路，該車用電池(2)無法通過該防盜回路(70)對該負載單元(4)輸出電流，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)作動，該警示單元(80)發出警示音及/或警示光，提醒使用者注意；據此，在防盜模式下，若未先行解鎖進入一般模式，強制啟動汽/機車引擎時，該車用電池(2)必需對該負載單元(4)輸出足使引擎點火的大電流，而當IB>I1時，該防盜回路(70)形成斷路，引擎無法被啟動，避免汽/機車被竊取。
使用者利用該通訊器操作該保護裝置(1)執行解鎖進入使用模式時，該處理單元(30)將電壓值V分別與預設的安全高電壓值V1及安全低電壓值V2進行比較，環境溫度值T與預設的安全溫度值T1進行比較，電流強度值IG與預設的安全高電流強度值I2進行比較，電流強度值IB與預設的安全高電流強度值I3進行比較，並依據比較結果執行下列運作： 當V≧V1時，該處理單元(30)對該控制單元(40)及該警示單元(80)分別傳送訊號，該第三電路(43)形成通路，該車用電池(2)通過該第三電 路(43)對該放電回路(50)輸出電流，藉由該放電回路(50)消耗該車用電池(2)的電力，藉此避免該車用電池(2)由於充電過度而損壞，且當該車用電池(2)是內建具有過充保護功能的電池管理系統的電池(例如：鋰鐵電池)時，可避免該車用電池(2)充電飽滿時，電池管理系統啟動過充保護機制而中斷該車用電池(2)對外放電，造成行進中的車輛產生危險的可能性，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)作動，該警示單元(80)發出警示音及/或警示光，提醒使用者注意。
該第三電路(33)形成通路的狀態下，當V<V1時，該處理單元(30)對該控制單元(40)及該警示單元(80)分別傳送訊號，該第三電路(43)形成斷路，該車用電池(2)無法繼續對該放電回路(50)輸出電流，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)停止作動，該警示單元(80)停止發出警示音及/或警示光。
當V≦V2時，該處理單元(30)對該控制單元(40)及該警示單元(80)分別傳送訊號，該第二電路(42)形成斷路，該車用電池(2)無法通過該第二電路(42)對該負載單元(4)輸出電流，藉此避免該車用電池(2)由於過度放電而損壞，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)作動，該警示單元(80)發出警示音及/或警示光，提醒使用者注意。
該第二電路(42)形成斷路的狀態下，當V>V2時，該處理單元(30)對該控制單元(40)及該警示單元(80)分別傳送訊號，該第二電路(42)形成通路，該車用電池(2)可對該負載單元(4)輸出電流，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)停止作動，該警示單元(80)停止發出警示音及/或警示光。
當T≧T1時，該處理單元(30)對該控制單元(40)及該警示單元(80)分別傳送訊號，該第四電路(44)形成通路，該車用電池(2)通過該第四電路(44)對該放電回路(50)輸出電流，藉由該放電回路(50)消耗該車用電池(2)的電力，藉此避免該車用電池(2)由於溫度過高而損壞，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)作動，該警示單元(80)發出警示音及/或警示光，提醒使用者注意。
該第四電路(44)形成通路的狀態下，當T<T1時，該處理單元(30)對該控制單元(40)及該警示單元(80)分別傳送訊號，該第四電路(44)形成斷路，該車用電池(2)無法繼續對該放電回路(50)輸出電流，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)停止作動，該警示單元(80)停止發出警示音及/或警示光。
當IG>I2時，該處理單元(30)對該警示單元(80)傳送訊號，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)發出警示音及/或警示光。
當IB>I3時，該處理單元(30)對該警示單元(80)傳送訊號，該警示單元(80)依據該處理單元(30)的訊號，該發聲器(81)及/或該發光器(82)發出警示音及/或警示光，藉此保護汽/機車的用電設備。
值得一提的是，且當使用者未使用汽/機車時，該靜態偵測回路(11)偵測該車用電池(2)的放電電流強度，提供使用者判斷汽/機車於靜態時的電流消耗是否過高，而能及時對汽/機車是否有異常的電流洩漏問題進行檢修，據此保護該車用電池(2)。
該車用電池(2)是汽/機車的起動電池，也可以是油/電雙動力 模式汽/機車的馬達電池，該車用電池(2)是鉛酸電池或鋰鐵電池。
(1)‧‧‧保護裝置
(10)‧‧‧偵測單元
(11)‧‧‧靜態偵測回路
(12)‧‧‧動態偵測回路
(13)‧‧‧防盜偵測回路
(20)‧‧‧切換開關
(30)‧‧‧處理單元
(40)‧‧‧控制單元
(41)‧‧‧第一電路
(42)‧‧‧第二電路
(43)‧‧‧第三電路
(44)‧‧‧第四電路
(50)‧‧‧放電回路
(60)‧‧‧無線通訊單元
(70)‧‧‧防盜回路
(80)‧‧‧警示單元
(81)‧‧‧發聲器
(82)‧‧‧發光器

Claims (5)

  1. 一種車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，包含一保護裝置，該保護裝置與汽/機車的車用電池、發電單元及負載單元耦接，該發電單元通過該保護裝置對該車用電池供應電力，該車用電池通過該保護裝置對該負載單元供應電力；該保護裝置包含一偵測單元、一切換開關、一處理單元、一控制單元、一放電回路、一無線通訊單元及一防盜回路，其中，該偵測單元、該控制單元、該通訊單元及該防盜回路分別與該處理單元耦接，該切換開關與該偵測單元耦接，該放電回路與該控制單元耦接；該偵測單元包含一靜態偵測回路及一動態偵測回路，該靜態偵測回路是小電流偵測電路，用於偵測汽/機車於電門關閉的靜止狀態下，該車用電池的洩漏電流的電流大小，據此判斷汽/機車於電門關閉時，是否有異常電流洩漏現象，該動態偵測回路包含電壓偵測電路、大電流偵測電路及溫度偵測電路，用於偵測汽/機車於啟動的使用狀態下，該發電單元輸出電流的電流大小、該車用電池的電壓及電流大小、環境溫度；該處理單元是微處理器，該處理單元基於該偵測單元偵測所得的電流強度值、電壓值及溫度值，分別對該控制單元及該無線通訊單元傳送訊號，據使該控制單元作動，保護該車用電池；該切換開關是手動電路開關，用於變換該靜態偵測回路及該動態偵測回路的電路通/斷，據此選擇該靜態偵測回路或該動態偵測回路執行偵測；該控制單元包含一第一電路、一第二電路、一第三電路及一第四電路，該發電單元通過該第一電路對該車用電池充電，該車用電池通過該第二電電路對該負載單元放電，該第三電路及該第四電路並聯，該車用電池通過該第三電路及該第四電路與該放電回路耦接，該第一電路、該第二 電路、該第三電路及該第四電路分別設有電路開關，各該電路開關分別用於控制該第一電路、該第二電路、該第三電路及該第四電路的通/斷；該放電回路用於消耗該車用電池的電力；該無線通訊單元係藍芽訊號發射/接收器，該處理單元藉由該通訊單元與配裝有應用程式的手持式通訊器相互傳輸訊號，據此，藉由該通訊器讀取該車用電池的電壓及電流強度資訊及該發電單元的電壓資訊，並操作該保護裝置；該防盜回路是斷電回路，汽/機車於防盜狀態下，該防盜回路用於限制該車用電池的大電流輸出。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，其中，該靜態偵測回路偵測電流強度範圍的最小偵測值為1毫安培。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，其中，該保護裝置進一步包含一警示單元，該警示單元與該處理單元耦接，該警示單元包含一發聲器，該警示單元接收該處理器傳送訊號，發出警示音。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，其中，該保護裝置進一步包含一警示單元，該警示單元與該處理單元耦接，該警示單元包含一發光器，該警示單元接收該處理器傳送訊號，發出警示光。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置，其中，該保護裝置進一步包含一警示單元，該警示單元與該處理單元耦接，該警示單元包含一發光器及一發光器，該警示單元接收該處理器傳送訊號，發出警示音及警示光。
TW105204548U 2016-03-31 2016-03-31 車用電池靜態電流偵測及保護裝置 TWM527640U (zh)

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EP17161392.0A EP3229340B1 (en) 2016-03-31 2017-03-16 Apparatus and method for detecting a static current in a secondary battery of a vehicle and protecting the secondary battery
US15/470,900 US10081248B2 (en) 2016-03-31 2017-03-27 Apparatus for detecting a static current in a secondary battery of a vehicle and protecting the secondary battery

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JP5829681B2 (ja) * 2010-06-03 2015-12-09 ミッドトロニクス インコーポレイテッド 電気自動車用バッテリパックのメンテナンス
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