TWI822628B - Independent throttle four-stroke engine - Google Patents
Independent throttle four-stroke engine Download PDFInfo
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- TWI822628B TWI822628B TW112113802A TW112113802A TWI822628B TW I822628 B TWI822628 B TW I822628B TW 112113802 A TW112113802 A TW 112113802A TW 112113802 A TW112113802 A TW 112113802A TW I822628 B TWI822628 B TW I822628B
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- intake
- compression stroke
- throttle valve
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- stroke
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
- F02D41/34—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/345—Controlling injection timing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0402—Engine intake system parameters the parameter being determined by using a model of the engine intake or its components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0404—Throttle position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0406—Intake manifold pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
Abstract
於本發明之四衝程引擎100中，控制裝置60於在1個燃燒循環內進氣壓力檢測器43之信號大幅度變動之低負荷運轉期間之至少一部分，根據於進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程中取得之壓縮行程進氣壓、及於該壓縮行程中檢測出之壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及於與壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環內較壓縮行程節流閥位置之取得時點更晚之時點且進氣壓較檢測出壓縮行程節流閥位置之時點之進氣壓高的時點取得之後續節流閥位置，推定對於燃燒循環之下一個燃燒循環之被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量，並控制燃料供給裝置50，於下一次燃燒之前供給燃料。In the four-stroke engine 100 of the present invention, the control device 60 controls the compression stroke in which the intake pressure rises during at least part of the low-load operation period in which the signal of the intake pressure detector 43 fluctuates greatly in one combustion cycle. The compression stroke intake air pressure obtained in the compression stroke, the compression stroke throttle valve position detected in the compression stroke, and the time point later than the acquisition time point of the compression stroke throttle valve position in the same combustion cycle as the compression stroke and proceed. The subsequent throttle position obtained when the air pressure is higher than the intake air pressure at the time when the compression stroke throttle position is detected is used to estimate the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 for the next combustion cycle, or to obtain the required fuel. amount, and controls the fuel supply device 50 to supply fuel before the next combustion.
Description
本發明係關於一種獨立節流型四衝程引擎。The invention relates to an independent throttle four-stroke engine.
獨立節流型四衝程引擎為具備如下構件之四衝程引擎：至少一個燃燒室；進氣通路，其係於每個燃燒室中分別設置；節流閥，其設置於進氣通路之內部，調整被燃燒室吸入之空氣量；及燃料供給裝置，其向燃燒室供給燃料。An independent throttle four-stroke engine is a four-stroke engine with the following components: at least one combustion chamber; an air intake passage, which is separately provided in each combustion chamber; a throttle valve, which is set inside the intake passage to adjust The amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber; and a fuel supply device that supplies fuel to the combustion chamber.
重複自進氣行程開始，經壓縮行程、膨脹行程及排氣行程後結束之燃燒循環之四衝程引擎中，以推定下一燃燒循環內被燃燒室吸入之空氣量，向燃燒室供給與推定結果相對應之量之燃料之方式實施控制。為獨立節流型四衝程引擎之情形時，節流下游之進氣容積會變小，因此面對運轉狀態之變化，空氣量之變化能迅速響應。故而，希望能高精度地推定出下一燃燒循環之被燃燒室吸入之空氣量或所需燃料量。In a four-stroke engine that repeats the combustion cycle starting from the intake stroke and ending after the compression stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next combustion cycle is estimated, and the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next combustion cycle is supplied to the combustion chamber and the estimated result is obtained. The corresponding amount of fuel is controlled in a manner. In the case of an independently throttled four-stroke engine, the intake volume downstream of the throttle will become smaller, so changes in air volume can respond quickly to changes in operating conditions. Therefore, it is desired to estimate with high accuracy the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber or the amount of fuel required in the next combustion cycle.
例如，專利文獻1中記載有如下內容：引擎之旋轉速度為低速之情形時，基於進氣壓及引擎之旋轉速度，推定空氣量，引擎之旋轉速度為高速之情形時，基於節流閥之開度及引擎之旋轉速度，推定下一燃燒循環之空氣量。又，專利文獻2中記載有如下內容：利用在壓縮行程中檢測出之進氣壓、及在膨脹行程中檢測出之進氣壓，推定下一燃燒循環之空氣量。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] For example, Patent Document 1 describes that when the engine rotation speed is low, the air amount is estimated based on the intake air pressure and the engine rotation speed, and when the engine rotation speed is high, the air amount is estimated based on the opening of the throttle valve. degree and the rotational speed of the engine to estimate the amount of air in the next combustion cycle. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 describes that the air amount in the next combustion cycle is estimated using the intake air pressure detected during the compression stroke and the intake air pressure detected during the expansion stroke. [Prior technical literature] [Patent Document]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2002-317668號公報 [專利文獻2]日本專利特開2008-157219號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-317668 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-157219
[發明所欲解決之問題][Problem to be solved by the invention]
於專利文獻1所記載之技術中，需根據運轉狀況來設定各種修正係數，並進行調試以達到目標值。而如何設定修正係數則依賴於設定者之技能。於專利文獻2所記載之技術中，需提高將所檢測出之進氣壓與空氣量匹配之圖及各種計算式之係數等之精度，從而用於系統構建之步驟數增多。In the technology described in Patent Document 1, various correction coefficients need to be set according to the operating conditions and debugged to achieve the target value. How to set the correction coefficient depends on the skill of the setter. In the technology described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of the map that matches the detected intake air pressure with the air amount and the coefficients of various calculation formulas, so the number of steps for system construction increases.
本發明係鑒於上述問題而完成者，目的在於提供一種獨立節流型四衝程引擎，其既能提高被燃燒室吸入之空氣量或所需燃料量之推定精度，又能降低對人工技能之依賴度，從而減少系統構建之步驟數。 [解決問題之技術手段] The present invention was completed in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide an independently throttled four-stroke engine that can improve the estimation accuracy of the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber or the amount of required fuel, and can also reduce the dependence on manual skills. degree, thereby reducing the number of steps in system construction. [Technical means to solve problems]
本發明之獨立節流型四衝程引擎具備：至少一個燃燒室；獨立進氣通路，其一端連接於一個上述燃燒室，另一端不連接於上述燃燒室；獨立節流閥，其設置於上述獨立進氣通路之內部，調整被上述燃燒室吸入之空氣量；節流閥位置檢測器，其檢測上述獨立節流閥之位置；進氣壓力檢測器，其檢測上述獨立進氣通路之上述獨立節流閥與上述燃燒室之間之進氣壓；燃料供給裝置，其向上述燃燒室供給燃料；及控制裝置，其根據上述節流閥位置檢測器及上述進氣壓力檢測器之信號，控制上述燃料供給裝置；且將自以活塞位置界定之進氣行程開始，經壓縮行程、膨脹行程及排氣行程結束之4個行程定義為1個燃燒循環之情形時，上述控制裝置於在1個燃燒循環內上述進氣壓力檢測器之信號大幅度變動之低負荷運轉期間之至少一部分，根據於進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程中取得之壓縮行程進氣壓、及於該壓縮行程中檢測出之壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及於與上述壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環內較上述壓縮行程節流閥位置之取得時點更晚之時點，且進氣壓較檢測出上述壓縮行程節流閥位置之時點之進氣壓高的時點取得之後續節流閥位置，推定上述燃燒循環之下一上述燃燒循環之被燃燒室吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量，並控制上述燃料供給裝置，於下一燃燒之前供給燃料。The independently throttled four-stroke engine of the present invention is provided with: at least one combustion chamber; an independent air intake passage, one end of which is connected to one of the above-mentioned combustion chambers, and the other end is not connected to the above-mentioned combustion chamber; an independent throttle valve, which is provided on the above-mentioned independent The inside of the intake passage adjusts the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber; a throttle valve position detector detects the position of the independent throttle valve; an intake pressure detector detects the independent throttle position of the independent intake passage. The intake air pressure between the flow valve and the above-mentioned combustion chamber; a fuel supply device that supplies fuel to the above-mentioned combustion chamber; and a control device that controls the above-mentioned fuel based on the signals from the above-mentioned throttle valve position detector and the above-mentioned intake air pressure detector. supply device; and when the four strokes starting from the intake stroke defined by the piston position and ending with the compression stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke are defined as one combustion cycle, the above control device operates in one combustion cycle At least part of the low-load operation period in which the signal of the above-mentioned intake pressure detector fluctuates significantly, based on the compression stroke intake pressure obtained during the compression stroke in which the intake air pressure shows a rising tone, and the compression stroke detected during the compression stroke. Throttle valve position, and a point later than the time point when the above-mentioned compression stroke throttle valve position is obtained in the same combustion cycle as the above-mentioned compression stroke, and the intake air pressure is higher than the intake air pressure at the time point when the above-mentioned compression stroke throttle valve position is detected The subsequent throttle position obtained at the highest time point is used to estimate the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next above-mentioned combustion cycle, or to obtain the required fuel amount, and control the above-mentioned fuel supply device to supply it before the next combustion. fuel.
根據該構成，利用變動之進氣壓當中與空氣量之關聯性較高之壓縮行程之進氣壓、及於該壓縮行程之同一行程中檢測出之壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及與該壓縮行程之檢測出節流閥位置之時點相比時間上更接近下一燃燒時之後續節流閥位置，推定下一燃燒循環之被燃燒室吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量，藉此既能提高過渡及穩態下之被燃燒室吸入之空氣量或所需燃料量之推定精度，又能降低對人工技能之依賴度，從而減少系統構建之步驟數。According to this configuration, the intake air pressure of the compression stroke that has a higher correlation with the air amount among the fluctuating intake air pressures, the compression stroke throttle valve position detected in the same stroke of the compression stroke, and the position of the compression stroke are used. The time point at which the throttle valve position is detected is closer to the subsequent throttle valve position at the next combustion time, and the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next combustion cycle can be estimated, or the required fuel amount can be obtained, thereby both It improves the estimation accuracy of the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber or the amount of fuel required under transition and steady states, and reduces the dependence on manual skills, thus reducing the number of steps in system construction.
於本發明之獨立節流型四衝程引擎中，上述壓縮行程節流閥位置及上述後續節流閥位置係藉由上述節流閥位置檢測器所得之檢測值。In the independently throttled four-stroke engine of the present invention, the compression stroke throttle position and the subsequent throttle position are detection values obtained by the throttle position detector.
根據該構成，進行利用藉由節流閥位置檢測器所得之檢測值來推定空氣量或取得所需燃料量之控制，因此例如與使用基於節流閥之開關速度等之預測值之情形時相比，能提高空氣量或所需燃料量之推定精度。 [發明之效果] According to this configuration, control is performed to estimate the air amount or obtain the required fuel amount using the detection value obtained by the throttle position detector. Therefore, for example, it is different from the case where a predicted value based on the opening and closing speed of the throttle valve is used. ratio, it can improve the estimation accuracy of air volume or required fuel volume. [Effects of the invention]
根據本發明，可提供一種獨立節流型四衝程引擎，其既能提高過渡時之空氣量或所需燃料量之推定精度，又能降低對人工技能之依賴度，從而減少系統構建之步驟數。According to the present invention, an independent throttle type four-stroke engine can be provided, which can not only improve the estimation accuracy of the air amount or the required fuel amount during the transition, but also reduce the dependence on manual skills, thereby reducing the number of steps in system construction. .
以下，基於圖式對四衝程引擎之實施方式進行說明。再者，並不藉由該實施方式來限定本發明。又，下述實施方式內之構成要素中包含業者能夠且容易替換者、或實質上相同者。Hereinafter, the embodiment of the four-stroke engine will be described based on the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment. In addition, the components in the following embodiments include those that can and are easily replaced by manufacturers, or those that are substantially the same.
圖1係模式性地表示四衝程引擎100之一例之圖。本實施方式之四衝程引擎100為獨立節流型引擎。四衝程引擎100具備引擎本體10、獨立進氣通路21及排氣通路22、進氣閥31及排氣閥32、獨立節流閥33、曲軸角度檢測器41、節流閥位置檢測器42、進氣壓力檢測器43、燃料噴射裝置50及控制裝置60。FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a four-stroke engine 100. The four-stroke engine 100 of this embodiment is an independent throttle engine. The four-stroke engine 100 includes an engine body 10, an independent intake passage 21 and an exhaust passage 22, an intake valve 31 and an exhaust valve 32, an independent throttle valve 33, a crankshaft angle detector 41, a throttle position detector 42, Intake air pressure detector 43, fuel injection device 50 and control device 60.
引擎本體10具有汽缸11及曲軸箱12。汽缸11至少設置有1個。汽缸11之數量並不特別限定，單汽缸、雙汽缸、三汽缸、四汽缸等皆可。汽缸11具有燃燒室13。燃燒室13具有進氣開口17及排氣開口18。又，於燃燒室13配置有火星塞19。火星塞19將供給至燃燒室13之內部之混合氣體點燃，藉此混合氣體燃燒。The engine body 10 has a cylinder 11 and a crankcase 12 . At least one cylinder 11 is provided. The number of cylinders 11 is not particularly limited, and can be single cylinder, double cylinder, three cylinder, four cylinder, etc. Cylinder 11 has a combustion chamber 13 . The combustion chamber 13 has an intake opening 17 and an exhaust opening 18 . Furthermore, a spark plug 19 is arranged in the combustion chamber 13 . The spark plug 19 ignites the mixed gas supplied to the inside of the combustion chamber 13, whereby the mixed gas burns.
於燃燒室13配置有活塞14。活塞14藉由包含供給至燃燒室13之燃料之混合氣體之燃燒，而於汽缸11內往返移動。藉由活塞14之往返移動，燃燒室13之容積增減。活塞14經由連桿15而連接於曲軸16。曲軸16與活塞14之往返移動連動而旋轉。曲軸16配置於曲軸箱12內。A piston 14 is arranged in the combustion chamber 13 . The piston 14 reciprocates in the cylinder 11 by burning the mixed gas containing the fuel supplied to the combustion chamber 13 . By the reciprocating movement of the piston 14, the volume of the combustion chamber 13 increases or decreases. The piston 14 is connected to the crankshaft 16 via a connecting rod 15 . The crankshaft 16 rotates in conjunction with the reciprocating movement of the piston 14 . The crankshaft 16 is arranged in the crankcase 12 .
獨立進氣通路21連接於燃燒室13之進氣開口17。進氣開口17為燃燒室13與獨立進氣通路21之連接部。獨立進氣通路21具有面向大氣之開放口即大氣開放口21a。The independent air intake passage 21 is connected to the air intake opening 17 of the combustion chamber 13 . The air intake opening 17 is a connection between the combustion chamber 13 and the independent air intake passage 21 . The independent air intake passage 21 has an atmosphere opening 21a which is an opening facing the atmosphere.
排氣通路22連接於燃燒室13之排氣開口18。排氣開口18為燃燒室13與排氣通路22之連接部。The exhaust passage 22 is connected to the exhaust opening 18 of the combustion chamber 13 . The exhaust opening 18 is a connection portion between the combustion chamber 13 and the exhaust passage 22 .
進氣閥31打開及關閉進氣開口17。排氣閥32打開及關閉排氣開口18。進氣閥31及排氣閥32由例如凸輪軸等驅動機構34驅動，藉此進行開關動作。The intake valve 31 opens and closes the intake opening 17 . The exhaust valve 32 opens and closes the exhaust opening 18 . The intake valve 31 and the exhaust valve 32 are driven by a driving mechanism 34 such as a camshaft, thereby performing opening and closing operations.
獨立節流閥33配置於獨立進氣通路21之內部。獨立節流閥33調整被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量。獨立節流閥33可配置於進氣閥31與獨立節流閥33之間之距離L1短於獨立節流閥33與獨立進氣通路21之大氣開放口21a之間之距離L2的位置。又，獨立節流閥33亦可配置於較該獨立節流閥33靠下游之獨立進氣通路21之容積V1小於汽缸11之行程容積V2的位置。獨立節流閥33如此地設置於靠近進氣閥31之位置之情形時，被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量之響應性提高。The independent throttle valve 33 is arranged inside the independent air intake passage 21 . The independent throttle valve 33 adjusts the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 . The independent throttle valve 33 may be disposed at a position where the distance L1 between the intake valve 31 and the independent throttle valve 33 is shorter than the distance L2 between the independent throttle valve 33 and the atmospheric opening 21 a of the independent air intake passage 21 . Furthermore, the independent throttle valve 33 may be disposed at a position where the volume V1 of the independent intake passage 21 downstream of the independent throttle valve 33 is smaller than the stroke volume V2 of the cylinder 11 . When the independent throttle valve 33 is disposed close to the intake valve 31 in this way, the responsiveness of the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 is improved.
曲軸角度檢測器41檢測曲軸16之旋轉角度即曲軸旋轉角度。The crankshaft angle detector 41 detects the rotation angle of the crankshaft 16, that is, the crankshaft rotation angle.
節流閥位置檢測器42檢測獨立節流閥33之位置即節流閥位置。The throttle position detector 42 detects the position of the independent throttle valve 33, that is, the throttle position.
進氣壓力檢測器43檢測獨立進氣通路21中之獨立節流閥33與燃燒室13之間之進氣壓。The intake pressure detector 43 detects the intake pressure between the independent throttle valve 33 in the independent intake passage 21 and the combustion chamber 13 .
作為檢測器，除了上述檢測器以外，還可設置例如檢測獨立進氣通路21之內部之溫度之檢測器、檢測引擎本體10之內部之溫度之檢測器、檢測引擎轉數之檢測器等未圖示之各種檢測器。As the detector, in addition to the above-mentioned detectors, for example, a detector that detects the temperature inside the independent air intake passage 21 , a detector that detects the temperature inside the engine body 10 , a detector that detects the number of engine revolutions, etc. (not shown) may be provided. Various detectors are shown.
燃料噴射裝置50向獨立進氣通路21噴射燃料。燃料噴射裝置50藉由噴射燃料，而向獨立進氣通路21之內部供給燃料。The fuel injection device 50 injects fuel into the independent air intake passage 21 . The fuel injection device 50 supplies fuel into the inside of the independent air intake passage 21 by injecting fuel.
控制裝置60具有CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央處理單元)等處理裝置、RAM(Random Access Memory，隨機存取記憶體)或ROM(Read Only Memory，唯讀記憶體)等記憶裝置、計時器等。控制裝置60被輸入來自曲軸角度檢測器41、節流閥位置檢測器42、進氣壓力檢測器43等各檢測器之檢測結果。The control device 60 has a processing device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory device such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) or a ROM (Read Only Memory), a timer, and the like. The control device 60 receives detection results from each detector such as the crankshaft angle detector 41, the throttle position detector 42, and the intake air pressure detector 43.
控制裝置60控制燃料噴射裝置50及火星塞19。控制裝置60控制燃料噴射裝置50噴射燃料之噴射量、及其噴射燃料之時序。控制裝置60控制火星塞19點火之時序。The control device 60 controls the fuel injection device 50 and the spark plug 19 . The control device 60 controls the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injection device 50 and the timing of fuel injection. The control device 60 controls the ignition sequence of the spark plug 19 .
上述構成之四衝程引擎100重複燃燒循環。1個燃燒循環包含自以活塞位置界定之壓縮行程開始，經膨脹行程、排氣行程及進氣行程結束之4個行程。於進氣行程之前，自燃料噴射裝置50向獨立進氣通路21之內部噴射燃料。於進氣行程中，進氣閥31打開，藉此通過獨立節流閥33之空氣與自燃料噴射裝置50噴射之燃料之混合氣體被供給至汽缸11之燃燒室13。於壓縮行程中，活塞14壓縮燃燒室13內之混合氣體。於膨脹行程中，被火星塞19點燃之混合氣體燃燒，同時推動活塞14。於排氣行程中，排氣閥32打開，藉此燃燒後之廢氣自燃燒室13向排氣通路22排出。The four-stroke engine 100 configured as above repeats the combustion cycle. A combustion cycle consists of four strokes starting from the compression stroke defined by the piston position and ending with the expansion stroke, exhaust stroke and intake stroke. Before the intake stroke, fuel is injected into the inside of the independent intake passage 21 from the fuel injection device 50 . In the intake stroke, the intake valve 31 is opened, whereby a mixture of air passing through the independent throttle valve 33 and fuel injected from the fuel injection device 50 is supplied to the combustion chamber 13 of the cylinder 11 . During the compression stroke, the piston 14 compresses the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 13 . During the expansion stroke, the mixed gas ignited by the spark plug 19 burns and pushes the piston 14 at the same time. During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve 32 is opened, whereby the burned exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion chamber 13 to the exhaust passage 22 .
參照圖2，對控制裝置60中之控制進行說明。圖2係表示藉由進氣壓力檢測器43而檢測出之進氣壓之檢測值、控制中使用之進氣壓之值及節流閥位置與時間之關係之一例之圖。圖2之縱軸表示相對值，橫軸表示時間。於圖2中，橫軸亦可為曲軸角度。The control in the control device 60 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the detection value of the intake air pressure detected by the intake air pressure detector 43, the value of the intake air pressure used for control, the throttle valve position, and time. The vertical axis of Figure 2 represents relative values, and the horizontal axis represents time. In Figure 2, the horizontal axis can also be the crankshaft angle.
如圖2所示，藉由進氣壓力檢測器43而檢測出之進氣壓之檢測值D1隨著自壓縮行程向排氣行程推進而上升，並於下一個燃燒循環之進氣行程中減小。控制裝置60例如使用基於檢測值之值(控制值)D2作為進氣壓，上述檢測值係在連續之燃燒循環內逐個壓縮行程地於特定時序藉由進氣壓力檢測器43檢測所得。於圖2中，節流閥位置D3列舉獨立節流閥33之開度變大時之值為例。As shown in FIG. 2 , the detection value D1 of the intake pressure detected by the intake pressure detector 43 increases as it advances from the compression stroke to the exhaust stroke, and decreases in the intake stroke of the next combustion cycle. . The control device 60 uses, for example, a value (control value) D2 based on a detection value detected by the intake pressure detector 43 at a specific timing for each compression stroke in a continuous combustion cycle as the intake air pressure. In FIG. 2 , the throttle position D3 is a value when the opening of the independent throttle valve 33 becomes larger.
控制裝置60於在1個燃燒循環內進氣壓力檢測器43之信號即進氣壓之檢測值大幅度變動之低負荷運轉期間之至少一部分，取得於進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程之第1時點t1檢測出之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置。此處，所謂進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程係指下述期間，即：當空氣被自獨立進氣通路21吸入汽缸11內，從而獨立進氣通路21內變成負壓之後，自進氣閥31關閉之時期之前後開始，空氣自獨立節流閥33流入獨立進氣通路21內，壓力逐步恢復。壓縮行程進氣壓係於第1時點t1藉由進氣壓力檢測器43而取得之進氣壓之檢測值。壓縮行程節流閥位置係於與第1時點t1相同之壓縮行程中藉由節流閥位置檢測器42而取得之節流閥位置。The control device 60 obtains the signal from the intake pressure detector 43 , that is, the detected value of the intake pressure, at least part of the low-load operation period in which the intake pressure fluctuates significantly in one combustion cycle at the first point in the compression stroke when the intake pressure shows a rising tone. The intake pressure of the compression stroke and the throttle valve position of the compression stroke detected by t1. Here, the compression stroke in which the intake air pressure rises refers to the period when air is sucked into the cylinder 11 from the independent intake passage 21 and the independent intake passage 21 becomes negative pressure. Starting around the closing period of 31, air flows from the independent throttle valve 33 into the independent air intake passage 21, and the pressure gradually recovers. The intake pressure during the compression stroke is the detection value of the intake pressure obtained by the intake pressure detector 43 at the first time point t1. The compression stroke throttle position is the throttle position obtained by the throttle position detector 42 in the same compression stroke as the first time point t1.
控制裝置60取得於與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環內較第1時點t1更晚，且進氣壓較第1時點t1之進氣壓高的第2時點t2檢測出之後續節流閥位置。後續節流閥位置係於第2時點t2藉由節流閥位置檢測器42而取得之節流閥位置。本實施方式中，第2時點t2例如列舉與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環之膨脹行程內之時點為例，但並不限定於此，例如亦可為該壓縮行程內之時點，或可為與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環之排氣行程內之時點。The control device 60 obtains the subsequent throttle position detected at the second time point t2 which is later than the first time point t1 in the same combustion cycle as the compression stroke and where the intake pressure is higher than the intake pressure at the first time point t1 . The subsequent throttle position is the throttle position obtained by the throttle position detector 42 at the second time point t2. In this embodiment, the second time point t2 is, for example, a time point within the expansion stroke of the same combustion cycle as the compression stroke. However, it is not limited to this. For example, it may also be a time point within the compression stroke, or it may be the same as the compression stroke. The time point within the exhaust stroke of the combustion cycle where the compression stroke is the same.
控制裝置60根據於1個燃燒循環內取得之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置，推定該燃燒循環之下一個燃燒循環內被燃燒室吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量。例如，控制裝置60可基於壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置，例如根據特定之空氣量圖，推定下一個燃燒循環內被燃燒室吸入之空氣量。又，控制裝置60可基於壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置，例如根據特定之計算式，取得下一個燃燒循環內之所需燃料量。又，控制裝置60可基於壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置，推定出大氣壓，並基於所推定出之大氣壓，取得下一個燃燒循環內之所需燃料量。作為推定大氣壓之時序，例如可列舉獨立節流閥33之位置不遷移之穩態情境等穩定之情境。The control device 60 estimates the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next combustion cycle based on the compression stroke intake pressure and compression stroke throttle position obtained in one combustion cycle, and the subsequent throttle valve position, or Get the required amount of fuel. For example, the control device 60 may estimate the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next combustion cycle based on the compression stroke intake pressure, the compression stroke throttle position, and the subsequent throttle position, such as based on a specific air amount map. In addition, the control device 60 can obtain the required fuel amount in the next combustion cycle based on the compression stroke intake pressure, the compression stroke throttle position, and subsequent throttle valve positions, for example, according to a specific calculation formula. In addition, the control device 60 can estimate the atmospheric pressure based on the compression stroke intake pressure, the compression stroke throttle valve position, and subsequent throttle valve positions, and obtain the required fuel amount in the next combustion cycle based on the estimated atmospheric pressure. As a timing sequence for estimating the atmospheric pressure, a stable situation such as a steady state situation in which the position of the independent throttle valve 33 does not shift can be cited, for example.
控制裝置60進行不利用壓縮行程以外之進氣壓地推定空氣量或取得上述所需燃料量之控制。The control device 60 performs control to estimate the air amount or obtain the above-mentioned required fuel amount without using intake air pressure other than the compression stroke.
控制裝置60基於所推定出之空氣量或所取得之所需燃料量，控制燃料噴射裝置50，於下一個燃燒循環內之燃燒之前供給燃料。Based on the estimated air amount or the obtained required fuel amount, the control device 60 controls the fuel injection device 50 to supply fuel before combustion in the next combustion cycle.
控制裝置60於獨立節流閥33之位置不遷移之穩態情境、及自節流閥開度較小之低負荷運轉期間延續地使獨立節流閥33之開度以固定且較小之變化率緩慢地增大之緩加速情境下，以進行進氣閉閥時噴射J1之方式實施控制。進氣閉閥時噴射J1係指於1個燃燒循環內之壓縮行程以後之進氣閥31關閉之閉閥期間T1自燃料噴射裝置50進行燃料之噴射。The control device 60 continuously causes a fixed and small change in the opening of the independent throttle valve 33 in a steady-state situation in which the position of the independent throttle valve 33 does not shift, and during low-load operation in which the throttle valve opening is small. In a slow acceleration situation where the rate slowly increases, control is performed by injecting J1 when the intake valve is closed. Intake valve closing injection J1 refers to the injection of fuel from the fuel injection device 50 during the valve closing period T1 when the intake valve 31 is closed after the compression stroke in one combustion cycle.
控制裝置60於獨立節流閥33之位置向更大之開閥狀態遷移之加速情境下，可進行進氣閉閥時噴射J1及進氣開閥時噴射J2。進氣開閥時噴射J2係指於1個燃燒循環內之閉閥期間T1之後之進氣閥31打開之開閥期間T2自燃料噴射裝置50進行燃料之噴射。再者，獨立節流閥33之位置向更大之開閥狀態遷移之加速情境例如包含獨立節流閥33之位置自低負荷運轉期間向高負荷運轉期間遷移之加速情境。低負荷運轉期間例如可為負荷轉矩低於1個燃燒循環內之負荷轉矩之平均值之狀態。又，高負荷運轉期間可為負荷轉矩高於1個燃燒循環內之負荷轉矩之平均值之狀態。控制裝置60於此種加速情境下，能以進行進氣閉閥時噴射J1及進氣開閥時噴射J2之方式實施控制，亦能以進行進氣閉閥時噴射J1但不進行進氣開閥時噴射J2之方式實施控制。In an acceleration situation in which the position of the independent throttle valve 33 shifts to a larger open valve state, the control device 60 can perform injection J1 when the intake valve is closed and injection J2 when the intake valve is open. The intake valve opening injection J2 refers to the injection of fuel from the fuel injection device 50 during the valve opening period T2 when the intake valve 31 is opened after the valve closing period T1 within one combustion cycle. Furthermore, the acceleration scenario in which the position of the independent throttle valve 33 shifts to a larger valve opening state includes, for example, the acceleration scenario in which the position of the independent throttle valve 33 shifts from a low-load operation period to a high-load operation period. The low-load operation period may be, for example, a state in which the load torque is lower than the average value of the load torque within one combustion cycle. In addition, during the high load operation period, the load torque may be higher than the average value of the load torque within one combustion cycle. In such an acceleration situation, the control device 60 can perform control by injecting J1 when the intake valve is closed and injecting J2 when the intake valve is open, or by injecting J1 when the intake valve is closed but not opening the intake valve. The valve is controlled by injecting J2.
圖3係表示藉由進氣壓力檢測器43而檢測出之進氣壓之檢測值、控制中使用之進氣壓之值及節流閥位置與時間之關係之另一例之圖。圖3之縱軸表示相對值，橫軸表示時間。於圖3中，橫軸亦可為曲軸角度。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the relationship between the detection value of the intake air pressure detected by the intake air pressure detector 43, the value of the intake air pressure used for control, the throttle valve position, and time. The vertical axis of Figure 3 represents relative values, and the horizontal axis represents time. In Figure 3, the horizontal axis can also be the crankshaft angle.
如圖3所示，藉由進氣壓力檢測器43而檢測出之進氣壓之檢測值D1隨著自壓縮行程向排氣行程推進而上升，並於下一燃燒循環之進氣行程中減小。控制裝置60例如使用基於檢測值之值(控制值)D2作為進氣壓，上述檢測值係在連續之燃燒循環內逐個壓縮行程地於特定時序藉由進氣壓力檢測器43檢測所得。於圖3所示之例中，節流閥位置D3列舉獨立節流閥33之開度變小時之值為例。As shown in FIG. 3 , the detection value D1 of the intake pressure detected by the intake pressure detector 43 increases as it advances from the compression stroke to the exhaust stroke, and decreases in the intake stroke of the next combustion cycle. . The control device 60 uses, for example, a value (control value) D2 based on a detection value detected by the intake pressure detector 43 at a specific timing for each compression stroke in a continuous combustion cycle as the intake air pressure. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the throttle position D3 is a value in which the opening degree of the independent throttle valve 33 becomes smaller.
控制裝置60於在1個燃燒循環內進氣壓力檢測器43之信號即進氣壓之檢測值大幅度變動之低負荷運轉期間之至少一部分，取得於進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程之第3時點t3檢測出之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置。壓縮行程進氣壓係於第3時點t3藉由進氣壓力檢測器43而取得之進氣壓之檢測值。壓縮行程節流閥位置係於與第3時點t3相同之壓縮行程中藉由節流閥位置檢測器42而取得之節流閥位置。The control device 60 obtains the signal from the intake pressure detector 43 , that is, the detected value of the intake pressure, at least part of the low-load operation period in which the intake pressure fluctuates significantly in one combustion cycle at the third time point of the compression stroke when the intake pressure shows a rising tone. The compression stroke intake pressure and compression stroke throttle valve position detected by t3. The intake pressure of the compression stroke is the detection value of the intake pressure obtained by the intake pressure detector 43 at the third time point t3. The compression stroke throttle position is the throttle position obtained by the throttle position detector 42 in the same compression stroke as the third time point t3.
控制裝置60取得於與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環內較第3時點t3更晚，且進氣壓較第3時點t3之進氣壓高的第4時點t4檢測出之後續節流閥位置。後續節流閥位置係於第4時點t4藉由節流閥位置檢測器42而取得之節流閥位置。本實施方式中，第4時點t4例如列舉與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環之膨脹行程內之時點為例，但並不限定於此，例如亦可為該壓縮行程內之時點，或可為與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環之排氣行程內之時點。The control device 60 obtains the subsequent throttle position detected at the fourth time point t4 which is later than the third time point t3 in the same combustion cycle as the compression stroke and where the intake pressure is higher than the intake pressure at the third time point t3. The subsequent throttle position is the throttle position obtained by the throttle position detector 42 at the fourth time point t4. In this embodiment, the fourth time point t4 is, for example, a time point within the expansion stroke of the combustion cycle that is the same as the compression stroke. However, it is not limited to this. For example, it may also be a time point within the compression stroke, or it may be the same as the compression stroke. The time point within the exhaust stroke of the combustion cycle where the compression stroke is the same.
與圖2所示之情形時同樣地，控制裝置60根據於1個燃燒循環內取得之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置，推定該燃燒循環之下一燃燒循環內被燃燒室吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量。As in the case shown in FIG. 2 , the control device 60 estimates the next combustion in the combustion cycle based on the compression stroke intake pressure and the compression stroke throttle valve position obtained in one combustion cycle, as well as the subsequent throttle valve position. The amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber during the cycle, or the required amount of fuel.
控制裝置60進行不利用壓縮行程以外之進氣壓地推定空氣量或取得上述所需燃料量之控制。The control device 60 performs control to estimate the air amount or obtain the above-mentioned required fuel amount without using intake air pressure other than the compression stroke.
控制裝置60基於所推定出之空氣量或所取得之所需燃料量，控制燃料噴射裝置50，於下一燃燒循環內之燃燒之前供給燃料。Based on the estimated air amount or the obtained required fuel amount, the control device 60 controls the fuel injection device 50 to supply fuel before combustion in the next combustion cycle.
圖4係表示四衝程引擎100之控制裝置60中之控制的一例之流程圖。如圖4所示，控制裝置60於在1個燃燒循環內進氣壓力檢測器43之信號即進氣壓之檢測值大幅度變動之低負荷運轉期間之至少一部分，取得於進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程之第1時點t1(參照圖2)檢測出之壓縮行程進氣壓、及於該壓縮行程中檢測出之節流閥位置(步驟S10)。於步驟S10中，亦可先執行壓縮行程進氣壓之取得(步驟S10-1)及壓縮行程節流閥位置之取得(步驟S10-2)中之任一者。FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of control in the control device 60 of the four-stroke engine 100. As shown in FIG. 4 , the control device 60 obtains the signal from the intake pressure detector 43 , that is, the detected value of the intake pressure, during at least part of the low-load operation period in which the intake pressure is rising in one combustion cycle. The intake air pressure of the compression stroke detected at the first time point t1 of the compression stroke (see FIG. 2 ), and the throttle valve position detected during the compression stroke (step S10 ). In step S10, either the acquisition of the compression stroke intake pressure (step S10-1) or the acquisition of the compression stroke throttle valve position (step S10-2) may be performed first.
其次，控制裝置60取得於與該壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環內較第1時點t1更晚，且進氣壓較第1時點t1之進氣壓高的第2時點t2(參照圖2)檢測出之後續節流閥位置(步驟S20)。Next, the control device 60 obtains the subsequent result detected at the second time point t2 (refer to FIG. 2 ) which is later than the first time point t1 in the same combustion cycle as the compression stroke and where the intake air pressure is higher than the intake air pressure at the first time point t1 Throttle valve position (step S20).
其次，控制裝置60根據於1個燃燒循環內取得之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置，推定該燃燒循環之下一燃燒循環內被燃燒室吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量(步驟S30)。Secondly, the control device 60 estimates the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber in the next combustion cycle based on the compression stroke intake pressure and compression stroke throttle position obtained in one combustion cycle, as well as subsequent throttle valve positions. , or obtain the required fuel amount (step S30).
其次，控制裝置60基於所推定出之空氣量或所取得之所需燃料量，控制燃料噴射裝置50，於下一燃燒循環內之燃燒之前供給燃料(步驟S40)。Next, the control device 60 controls the fuel injection device 50 to supply fuel before combustion in the next combustion cycle based on the estimated air amount or the obtained required fuel amount (step S40).
圖5係表示本實施方式之四衝程引擎100之一例之圖。如圖5所示，獨立節流型之四衝程引擎100於每個汽缸11中分別具有供被單一之燃燒室13吸入之空氣流通之獨立進氣通路21。每個獨立進氣通路21各自設置有獨立節流閥33。控制裝置60取得針對各個獨立進氣通路21分別檢測出之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程節流閥位置、以及後續節流閥位置。於獨立節流型引擎中，可將獨立節流閥33設置於靠近進氣閥31之位置。因此，能提高被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量之響應性。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the four-stroke engine 100 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5 , the independently throttled four-stroke engine 100 has an independent intake passage 21 in each cylinder 11 for the circulation of air sucked into a single combustion chamber 13 . Each independent intake passage 21 is provided with an independent throttle valve 33 . The control device 60 obtains the compression stroke intake pressure and the compression stroke throttle position detected for each independent intake passage 21, as well as the subsequent throttle position. In an independent throttle type engine, the independent throttle valve 33 can be disposed close to the intake valve 31 . Therefore, the responsiveness of the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 can be improved.
如上所述，本實施方式之四衝程引擎100具備：至少一個燃燒室13；獨立進氣通路21，其一端連接於一個燃燒室13，另一端不連接於燃燒室13；獨立節流閥33，其設置於獨立進氣通路21之內部，調整被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量；節流閥位置檢測器42，其檢測獨立節流閥33之位置；進氣壓力檢測器43，其檢測獨立進氣通路21之獨立節流閥33與燃燒室13之間之進氣壓；燃料噴射裝置50，其向燃燒室13供給燃料；及控制裝置60，其根據節流閥位置檢測器42及進氣壓力檢測器43之信號，控制燃料噴射裝置50；且將自以活塞位置界定之進氣行程開始，經壓縮行程、膨脹行程及排氣行程結束之4個行程定義為1個燃燒循環之情形時，控制裝置60於在1個燃燒循環內進氣壓力檢測器43之信號大幅度變動之低負荷運轉期間之至少一部分，根據於進氣壓呈上升基調之壓縮行程中取得之壓縮行程進氣壓及壓縮行程獨立節流閥33之位置、以及於與壓縮行程相同之燃燒循環內較壓縮行程獨立節流閥33之位置之取得時點更晚，且進氣壓較檢測出壓縮行程獨立節流閥33之位置之時點之進氣壓高的時點取得之後續獨立節流閥33之位置，推定燃燒循環之下一燃燒循環之被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量，並控制燃料噴射裝置50，於下一燃燒之前供給燃料。As mentioned above, the four-stroke engine 100 of this embodiment is provided with: at least one combustion chamber 13; an independent intake passage 21, one end of which is connected to one combustion chamber 13, and the other end is not connected to the combustion chamber 13; an independent throttle valve 33, It is arranged inside the independent air intake passage 21 to adjust the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13; the throttle position detector 42 detects the position of the independent throttle valve 33; the intake pressure detector 43 detects the independent intake air. The intake air pressure between the independent throttle valve 33 of the air passage 21 and the combustion chamber 13; the fuel injection device 50, which supplies fuel to the combustion chamber 13; and the control device 60, which responds to the throttle valve position detector 42 and the intake air pressure. The signal from the detector 43 controls the fuel injection device 50; and when the four strokes starting from the intake stroke defined by the piston position and ending with the compression stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke are defined as one combustion cycle, During at least part of the low-load operation period in which the signal of the intake pressure detector 43 fluctuates greatly within one combustion cycle, the control device 60 controls the intake pressure and the compression stroke based on the compression stroke intake pressure and the compression stroke obtained during the compression stroke in which the intake pressure rises. The position of the independent throttle valve 33 is obtained later than the position of the compression stroke independent throttle valve 33 in the same combustion cycle as the compression stroke, and the intake pressure is later than the time when the position of the compression stroke independent throttle valve 33 is detected. The position of the subsequent independent throttle valve 33 is obtained at the time when the intake air pressure is high, and the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 in the next combustion cycle is estimated, or the required fuel amount is obtained, and the fuel injection device 50 is controlled. Fuel is supplied before the next combustion.
根據該構成，利用變動之進氣壓當中與空氣量之關聯性較高之壓縮行程之進氣壓、及於該壓縮行程之同一行程中檢測出之壓縮行程獨立節流閥33之位置、以及與該壓縮行程之檢測出獨立節流閥33之位置之時點相比時間上更接近下一燃燒時之後續獨立節流閥33之位置，推定下一燃燒循環之被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量，或取得所需燃料量，藉此既能提高過渡及穩態下之被燃燒室13吸入之空氣量或所需燃料量之推定精度，又能降低對人工技能之依賴度，從而減少系統構建之步驟數。According to this configuration, the intake air pressure of the compression stroke that has a higher correlation with the air amount among the varying intake air pressures, the position of the compression stroke independent throttle valve 33 detected in the same stroke of the compression stroke, and the position of the compression stroke independent throttle valve 33 are used. The time point in the compression stroke when the position of the independent throttle valve 33 is detected is closer in time to the position of the subsequent independent throttle valve 33 in the next combustion, and the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 in the next combustion cycle is estimated, or Obtaining the required fuel amount can not only improve the estimation accuracy of the amount of air sucked into the combustion chamber 13 or the required fuel amount under transition and steady states, but also reduce the dependence on manual skills, thereby reducing the steps of system construction. Count.
於本實施方式之四衝程引擎100中，壓縮行程獨立節流閥33之位置及後續獨立節流閥33之位置係藉由節流閥位置檢測器42所得之檢測值。In the four-stroke engine 100 of this embodiment, the position of the independent throttle valve 33 in the compression stroke and the subsequent position of the independent throttle valve 33 are detection values obtained by the throttle valve position detector 42 .
根據該構成，進行利用藉由節流閥位置檢測器42所得之檢測值來推定空氣量或取得所需燃料量之控制，因此例如與使用基於獨立節流閥33之開關速度等之預測值之情形時相比，能提高空氣量或所需燃料量之推定精度。According to this configuration, control is performed to estimate the air amount or obtain the required fuel amount using the detection value obtained by the throttle position detector 42. Therefore, for example, it is the same as using the predicted value based on the opening and closing speed of the independent throttle valve 33. Compared with other situations, the accuracy of estimating the amount of air or the amount of required fuel can be improved.
本發明之技術範圍並不限定於上述實施方式，可於不脫離本發明主旨之範圍內適當地施以變更。例如，於上述實施方式中，作為燃料供給裝置，列舉向獨立進氣通路21內噴射燃料之燃料噴射裝置50為例進行了說明，但並不限定於此。亦可使用直接向燃燒室13內供給燃料之燃料供給裝置。The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and changes may be appropriately made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the fuel injection device 50 that injects fuel into the independent air intake passage 21 is exemplified as the fuel supply device. However, the invention is not limited to this. A fuel supply device that directly supplies fuel into the combustion chamber 13 may also be used.
10:引擎本體 11:汽缸 12:曲軸箱 13:燃燒室 14:活塞 15:連桿 16:曲軸 17:進氣開口 18:排氣開口 19:火星塞 21:獨立進氣通路 21a:大氣開放口 22:排氣通路 31:進氣閥 32:排氣閥 33:獨立節流閥 34:驅動機構 41:曲軸角度檢測器 42:節流閥位置檢測器 43:進氣壓力檢測器 50:燃料噴射裝置 60:控制裝置 100:四衝程引擎 D1: 檢測值 D2:值(控制值) D3:節流閥位置 J1:進氣閉閥時噴射 J2:進氣開閥時噴射 S10, S10-1, S10-2, S20, S30, S40:步驟 t1:第1時點 t2:第2時點 t3:第3時點 t4:第4時點 α, β:噴射量 10:Engine body 11:Cylinder 12:Crankcase 13: Combustion chamber 14:piston 15: Connecting rod 16:Crankshaft 17: Air intake opening 18:Exhaust opening 19:Mars Plug 21:Independent air intake passage 21a: Atmospheric opening 22:Exhaust passage 31:Intake valve 32:Exhaust valve 33:Independent throttle valve 34:Driving mechanism 41: Crankshaft angle detector 42:Throttle valve position detector 43: Intake pressure detector 50:Fuel injection device 60:Control device 100:Four-stroke engine D1: detection value D2: value (control value) D3:Throttle valve position J1: Injection when the intake valve is closed J2: Injection when the intake valve is opened S10, S10-1, S10-2, S20, S30, S40: steps t1: The first time point t2: The second time point t3: The third time point t4: The fourth time point α, β: injection amount
圖1係模式性地表示四衝程引擎之一例之圖。 圖2係表示藉由進氣壓力檢測器而檢測出之進氣壓之檢測值、控制中使用之進氣壓之值及節流閥位置與時間之關係之一例之圖。 圖3係表示藉由進氣壓力檢測器而檢測出之進氣壓之檢測值、控制中使用之進氣壓之值及節流閥位置與時間之關係之另一例之圖。 圖4係表示四衝程引擎之控制裝置中之控制的一例之流程圖。 圖5係表示本實施方式之四衝程引擎之一例之圖。 FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a four-stroke engine. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the detection value of the intake air pressure detected by the intake air pressure detector, the value of the intake air pressure used for control, and the throttle valve position and time. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of the relationship between the detection value of the intake air pressure detected by the intake air pressure detector, the value of the intake air pressure used for control, the throttle valve position, and time. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of control in the control device of the four-stroke engine. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a four-stroke engine according to this embodiment.
10:引擎本體 11:汽缸 12:曲軸箱 13:燃燒室 14:活塞 15:連桿 16:曲軸 17:進氣開口 18:排氣開口 19:火星塞 21:獨立進氣通路 21a:大氣開放口 22:排氣通路 31:進氣閥 32:排氣閥 33:獨立節流閥 34:驅動機構 41:曲軸角度檢測器 42:節流閥位置檢測器 43:進氣壓力檢測器 50:燃料噴射裝置 60:控制裝置 100:四衝程引擎 10:Engine body 11:Cylinder 12:Crankcase 13: Combustion chamber 14:piston 15: Connecting rod 16:Crankshaft 17: Air intake opening 18:Exhaust opening 19:Mars Plug 21:Independent air intake passage 21a: Atmospheric opening 22:Exhaust passage 31:Intake valve 32:Exhaust valve 33:Independent throttle valve 34:Driving mechanism 41: Crankshaft angle detector 42: Throttle valve position detector 43: Intake pressure detector 50:Fuel injection device 60:Control device 100:Four-stroke engine
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| US8996282B2 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2015-03-31 | Southwest Research Institute | Fueling systems, methods and apparatus for an internal combustion engine |
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