TWI822416B - Seedling planting planning methods - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 claims description 9
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010042496 Sunburn Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphorus anhydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一種種苗種植規劃方法，具有下列步驟，種苗選用：選用實生苗作為一種苗；土地挑選：選用生質土作為種植種苗的土壤成分；種植規劃：以多個呈等距間隔且十字交錯的隔線劃分形成多個區域，並於該各隔線的交錯處分別設有一種植點，且該各種植點與其相鄰種植點的間距至少為3m；養護管理：以人工方式進行除草，並於該各種植點的周圍挖設至少一孔洞，用以容置一個以上的有機肥料，以對種苗進行施肥，且孔洞的深度大於其孔徑，而養護5年後即無須繼續進行養護管理；收成管理：種苗種植15年以生成一成樹而可進行第一次收成，收成時，跳過相鄰的成樹採伐，以進行間隔疏伐。A seedling planting planning method has the following steps: seedling selection: selecting seedlings as a kind of seedling; land selection: selecting biomass soil as the soil composition for planting seedlings; planting planning: using multiple equally spaced and cross-staggered partitions Lines are divided to form multiple areas, and a planting point is provided at the intersection of each dividing line, and the distance between each planting point and its adjacent planting point is at least 3m; maintenance management: weeding is carried out manually, and the Dig at least one hole around each planting site to accommodate more than one organic fertilizer to fertilize the seedlings, and the depth of the hole is greater than its diameter. After 5 years of maintenance, there is no need to continue maintenance and management; Harvest management: The seedlings are planted for 15 years to form an adult tree for the first harvest. During the harvest, adjacent adult trees are skipped for thinning at intervals.
Description
本發明與栽植技術有關，特別是指一種種苗種植規劃方法。The invention relates to planting technology, and in particular refers to a seedling planting planning method.
習知的種苗種植方法，由於沒有思考到種苗的種植間距及種苗的高度問題，常產生下列缺點：種苗高度過低，需先半遮蔭養成、馴化，種苗根系、枝葉、頂芽太年輕(嫩)，陽光直接曝曬葉面容易曬傷、枯萎、死亡；種苗高度過高，根系(中間主根最重要)會逐漸捲曲定型，山坡地定植後將不利於根系延展，種苗整體生長態勢不佳；樹苗間距過窄(一公頃種植超過800棵)，根系及枝葉無足夠的生長空間，除生長狀態不好，更容易枯萎死亡，進而耗費成本、人力、時間。Conventional seedling planting methods often produce the following shortcomings because they do not consider the planting spacing and height of the seedlings: the seedling height is too low and needs to be cultivated and acclimated in semi-shade first; the seedling roots, branches, leaves, and terminal buds are too young ( tender), the leaves are prone to sunburn, withering, and death when exposed to direct sunlight; the height of the seedlings is too high, and the root system (the middle taproot is the most important) will gradually curl and shape. After planting on a hillside, it will not be conducive to the extension of the root system, and the overall growth of the seedlings will be poor; The spacing between saplings is too narrow (more than 800 trees are planted in one hectare), and there is not enough space for roots, branches and leaves to grow. In addition to poor growth conditions, they are more likely to wither and die, which in turn consumes costs, manpower, and time.
而如「阡插苗」、「高壓苗」基因雖正確，但根系、枝葉、頂芽不完整，更甚於「無主根」，無法深入、抓牢土壤(不耐強風、颱風吹襲，易傾倒)，整體生長態勢不佳，對山坡地水土保持毫無作用。For example, although the genes of "planted seedlings" and "high-pressure seedlings" are correct, the root system, branches, leaves, and terminal buds are incomplete, and even more so "without a taproot", which cannot penetrate deeply and grasp the soil (it cannot withstand strong winds and typhoons, and it is easy to dumping), the overall growth situation is poor, and it has no effect on soil and water conservation on the hillside.
此外在收成時，若無特別規劃保留一些樹木，而使收成後的山坡地無樹木繼續養成，則容易造成水土流失的問題。In addition, if there is no special plan to retain some trees during the harvest, and there are no trees on the hillside to continue to grow after the harvest, it will easily cause soil erosion problems.
特別是牛樟樹苗，其種植及收成皆需特別規劃，因此，本發明致力於研發新的種苗種植規劃方法，以使其順利成長。In particular, Cinnamomum camphora saplings require special planning for their planting and harvesting. Therefore, the present invention is dedicated to developing new seedling planting planning methods to enable them to grow smoothly.
有鑑於此，如何解決上述問題，即為本發明所欲解決之首要課題。In view of this, how to solve the above problems is the primary issue to be solved by the present invention.
本發明之主要目的之一，在於提供一種種苗種植規劃方法，在種植規劃步驟中，各種植點與其相鄰種植點的間距至少為3m，使種苗的根系有足夠的空間生長，且在收成時，透過間隔疏伐而跳過相鄰的成樹採伐，以維持水土保持的功效。One of the main purposes of the present invention is to provide a seedling planting planning method. In the planting planning step, the distance between each planting point and its adjacent planting point is at least 3m, so that the root system of the seedlings has enough space to grow, and during harvesting , spacing thinning and skipping adjacent mature trees to maintain the effect of soil and water conservation.
本發明之主要目的之二，在於提供一種種苗種植規劃方法，選用高度介於81cm~130cm的實生苗作為種苗，高度適中的種苗使整體生長態勢達到有效提升的效果。The second main purpose of the present invention is to provide a seedling planting planning method. Seedlings with a height between 81cm and 130cm are selected as seedlings. Seedlings with a moderate height can effectively improve the overall growth situation.
為達前述之目的，本發明提供一種種苗種植規劃方法，包括有下列步驟： a.種苗選用：選用實生苗作為一種苗； b.土地挑選：選用生質土作為種植該種苗的土壤成分； c.種植規劃：以多個呈等距間隔且十字交錯的隔線劃分形成多個區域，並於該各隔線的交錯處分別設有一種植點，且該各種植點與其相鄰種植點的間距至少為3m； d.養護管理：以人工方式進行除草，並於該各種植點的周圍挖設至少一孔洞，用以容置一個以上的有機肥料，以對該種苗進行施肥，且該孔洞的深度大於其孔徑，而養護5年後即無須繼續進行該養護管理； e.收成管理：該種苗種植15年以生成一成樹而可進行第一次收成，收成時，跳過相鄰的成樹採伐，以進行間隔疏伐。 In order to achieve the aforementioned purpose, the present invention provides a seedling planting planning method, which includes the following steps: a. Selection of seedlings: Select seedlings as a kind of seedling; b. Land selection: Use biomass soil as the soil component for planting the seedlings; c. Planting planning: Multiple areas are divided into multiple equally spaced and interlaced partition lines, and a planting point is provided at the intersection of each partition line, and the distance between each planting point and its adjacent planting point is The distance is at least 3m; d. Maintenance and management: Weeding is carried out manually, and at least one hole is dug around the various planting sites to accommodate more than one organic fertilizer to fertilize the seedlings, and the depth of the hole is greater than its diameter. , and there is no need to continue the maintenance and management after 5 years of maintenance; e. Harvest management: The seedlings are planted for 15 years to form an adult tree for the first harvest. During the harvest, adjacent adult trees are skipped for thinning at intervals.
較佳地，該種苗的高度介於81cm~130cm。Preferably, the height of the seedling is between 81cm and 130cm.
較佳地，該種苗為牛樟樹。Preferably, the seedling is a camphor tree.
較佳地，該各種植點與其相鄰種植點的間距為3、6或9m。Preferably, the distance between each planting point and its adjacent planting point is 3, 6 or 9m.
較佳地，於該養護管理步驟中，更以一開根水對該種苗進行施肥，而該開根水由8mL的開根液及10L的山泉水混合調配而成。Preferably, in the maintenance and management step, the seedlings are fertilized with a root opening water, and the root opening water is prepared by mixing 8 mL of root opening liquid and 10 L of mountain spring water.
較佳地，於養護管理步驟中，當種植規劃設在坡度為35度以下的山坡地時，於各區域的中央處分別挖設一孔洞，將該有機肥料置入該孔洞中，再將土壤回填完整，以進行施肥。Preferably, in the maintenance and management step, when the planting plan is set on a hillside with a slope of less than 35 degrees, a hole is dug in the center of each area, the organic fertilizer is placed in the hole, and then the soil is Backfill completely to allow for fertilization.
較佳地，於養護管理步驟中，當種植規劃設在坡度為35度以上的山坡地時，於種植點的周圍環狀地挖設八個孔洞，該八個孔洞分別供置入一包有機肥料，並將土壤回填完整，以進行施肥。Preferably, in the maintenance and management step, when the planting plan is set on a hillside with a slope of more than 35 degrees, eight holes are dug in a ring around the planting point, and each of the eight holes is used to place a bag of organic matter. Fertilizer and backfill the soil completely to fertilize.
而本發明之上述目的與優點，不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中獲得深入了解。The above objects and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood from the following detailed description of selected embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
首先，請參閱第1~4圖，為本發明所提供的種苗種植規劃方法，其具有下列步驟，其中：First, please refer to Figures 1 to 4, which illustrate the seedling planting planning method provided by the present invention, which has the following steps, among which:
種苗選用步驟S1，選用實生苗作為一種苗。由於牛樟樹的種植及收成皆需特別規劃，於此，於本實施例中，以牛樟樹作為本發明的種苗。該種苗的高度介於81cm~130cm，實生苗(種子苗)因其基因、根系、枝葉、頂芽完整，最重要的是實生苗有主根，而可深入、抓牢土壤(耐強、颱風吹襲，不易傾倒)，使整體具有良好的生長態勢，山坡地水土保持才有作用。Seedling selection step S1 is to select seedlings as a kind of seedling. Since the planting and harvesting of the Cinnamomum camphora tree requires special planning, in this embodiment, the Cinnamomum camphora tree is used as the seedling of the present invention. The height of the seedlings ranges from 81cm to 130cm. The seedlings (seed seedlings) have complete genes, root systems, branches and leaves, and terminal buds. The most important thing is that the seedlings have tap roots, which can penetrate deeply and grasp the soil (strong, strong, It is not easy to fall when hit by typhoons), so that the overall growth trend is good, and soil and water conservation on the hillside is effective.
土地挑選步驟S2，選用生質土作為種植該種苗的土壤成分。於本實施例中，牛樟樹的種植無海拔限制，只要是有坡度的山坡地即可，溪邊、河邊、江邊等沙質土壤不適合種植牛樟樹，須內退至非純沙地的土壤種植。In the land selection step S2, biomass soil is selected as the soil component for planting the seedlings. In this embodiment, there is no altitude limit for planting Cinnamomum camphora trees, as long as it is on a sloped hillside. Sandy soils such as streams, rivers, and riversides are not suitable for planting Cinnamomum camphora trees, and must be retreated to soil that is not pure sand. Planting.
種植規劃步驟S3，如第3圖所示，造林的山坡地以多個呈等距間隔且十字交錯的隔線11劃分形成多個區域12，並於該各隔線11的交錯處分別設有一種植點2，以供種苗種在種植點2上，且該各種植點2與其相鄰種植點2的間距H至少為3m，使各種苗與其相鄰種苗的間距同樣至少為3m，如此可規劃一公頃種植約800株的種苗，使種苗的根系具有足夠的生長空間，進而使整體林相更為美觀；種苗的生長速度更快、生長態勢更好；根系能平均抓牢土壤。於本實施例中，該各種植點2與相鄰的種植點2彼此的間距H係依據不同種的種苗根系生長分別設置為3m、6m或9m而可將山坡地分別規劃為三種規格(小型、中型、大型)的種植場域。In the planting planning step S3, as shown in Figure 3, the afforestation hillside is divided into
養護管理步驟S4，每年3次以人工方式進行除草，共計5年，並於該各種植點2的周圍挖設至少一孔洞3，用以容置一個以上的有機肥料，以對該種苗進行施肥，且該孔洞3的深度大於其孔徑，而養護5年後即無須再進行該養護管理，以形成天然林。於本實施例中，如第3圖所示，當種植規劃設在坡度為35度以下的山坡地時，於各區域12的中央處分別挖設一可容納兩包有機肥料的孔洞3，在進行施肥時，將一包有機肥料置入該孔洞3中，其中，一包有機肥料的重量為20kg或25kg，接著將土壤回填完整、夯實即可，以完成施肥作業。而如第4圖所示，當種植規劃設在坡度為35度以上的山坡地時，於種植點2的周圍環狀地挖設八個孔洞3，該八個孔洞3分別可容納6kg的有機肥料，進行施肥時，該八個孔洞3分別置入3kg的有機肥料，並將土壤回填完整、夯實即可，據以完成施肥作業。In the maintenance and management step S4, weeding is carried out manually three times a year for a total of 5 years, and at least one
須特別說明的是，上述在各區域12的中央處分別挖設一個孔洞3或是在種植點2的周圍挖設八個孔洞3的施肥方式均適用種植點2與相鄰的種植點2間距H為3m時。而當種植點2與相鄰的種植點2間距H為6m或9m時，則只適用在種植點2的周圍挖設八個孔洞3的施肥方式。It should be noted that the above-mentioned fertilization method of digging one
此外，更可以一開根水對該種苗進行施肥，而該開根水由8mL的開根液及10L的山泉水混合調配而成，其中開根液具有水溶性磷酐及水溶性氧化鎂等成分，種苗種植完成後，以開根水逐棵澆灌樹根處，目視開根水滲透土壤深層至溢滿即可。開根水澆灌時間為每個月一次，連續18個月以上最佳。In addition, the seedlings can be fertilized with rooting water, which is prepared by mixing 8mL of rooting liquid and 10L of mountain spring water. The rooting liquid contains water-soluble phosphorus anhydride and water-soluble magnesium oxide. After the seedlings are planted, water the roots of the trees one by one with rooting water. Visually see that the rooting water penetrates deep into the soil until it overflows. The time for watering the roots is once a month, preferably for more than 18 consecutive months.
收成管理步驟S5，該種苗種植15年以生成一成樹，成樹根系、枝葉的生長空間已達極限而可進行第一次收成，收成時，跳過相鄰的成樹採伐，以進行間隔疏伐，其餘成樹繼續養成、吸碳(二氧化碳)、護坡(水土保持)。於本實施例中，收成的是牛樟樹，採伐下來的牛樟樹必須經陽光直接曝曬24個月以上。另外，由於成樹之間具有適當的間距而使根系有足夠空間生長，藉此當收成時採用間隔疏伐，挖掘機不論往上還是往下拉動成樹時，被拉動的成樹皆不會被未採收的成樹阻礙、卡住。Harvest management step S5: The seedlings are planted for 15 years to form an adult tree. The growth space of the root system, branches and leaves of the adult tree has reached the limit and the first harvest can be carried out. During the harvest, the adjacent adult trees are skipped for thinning at intervals. The remaining mature trees continue to grow, absorb carbon (carbon dioxide), and protect slopes (water and soil conservation). In this embodiment, the Cinnamomum camphora tree is harvested, and the harvested Cinnamomum camphora tree must be directly exposed to sunlight for more than 24 months. In addition, due to the appropriate spacing between mature trees, the root system has enough space to grow. Therefore, when harvesting, thinning is used at intervals. When the excavator pulls up or down the mature trees, the pulled mature trees will not be unharvested. The harvested trees are obstructed and stuck.
而藉由本發明所提供的種苗種植規劃方法，在種植規劃步驟中，透過各種植點2與其相鄰種植點2的間距至少為3m，使種苗的根系有足夠的空間生長，且在收成時，透過間隔疏伐而跳過相鄰的成樹採伐，以達到維持水土保持的功效。且本發明選用高度介於81cm~130cm的實生苗作為種苗，藉由高度適中的種苗而具有提升整體生長態勢的效果。With the seedling planting planning method provided by the present invention, in the planting planning step, the distance between each
以上實施例之揭示僅用以說明本發明，並非用以限制本發明，故舉凡數值之變更或等效元件之置換仍應隸屬本發明之範疇。The disclosure of the above embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, any changes in numerical values or replacement of equivalent components shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
綜上所述，當可使熟知本項技藝者明瞭本發明確可達成前述目的，實已符合專利法之規定，故依法提出申請。To sum up, when it can be understood by those who are familiar with this art that the present invention can clearly achieve the aforementioned purpose, it actually complies with the provisions of the patent law, so the application is filed in accordance with the law.
11:隔線 12:區域 2:種植點 3:孔洞 H:間距 S1:種苗選用步驟 S2:土地挑選步驟 S3:種植規劃步驟 S4:養護管理步驟 S5:收成管理步驟 11:line separation 12:Region 2:Planting point 3:hole H: spacing S1: Steps for selecting seedlings S2: Land selection steps S3: Planting planning steps S4: Maintenance and management steps S5: Harvest Management Steps
第1圖為本發明的方塊流程圖。 第2圖為本發明種植規劃的平面示意圖。 第3圖為本發明養護管理的施肥示意圖，用以表示在各區域的中央處分別挖設一個孔洞。 第4圖為本發明養護管理的施肥示意圖，用以表示在種植點的周圍挖設八個孔洞。 Figure 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the planting plan of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of fertilization for maintenance management according to the present invention, showing that a hole is dug in the center of each area. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of fertilization for maintenance management according to the present invention, showing that eight holes are dug around the planting point.
S1:種苗選用步驟 S1: Steps for selecting seedlings
S2:土地挑選步驟 S2: Land selection steps
S3:種植規劃步驟 S3: Planting planning steps
S4:養護管理步驟 S4: Maintenance and management steps
S5:收成管理步驟 S5: Harvest Management Steps
Claims (5)
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| TW111140393A TWI822416B (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Seedling planting planning methods |
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| TW111140393A TWI822416B (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Seedling planting planning methods |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TWI822416B true TWI822416B (en) | 2023-11-11 |
| TW202418204A TW202418204A (en) | 2024-05-01 |
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| TW (1) | TWI822416B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101595819B (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-04-13 | 保山市林业技术推广总站 | Seed selection method for improved variety of walnut and high-yield cultivation method thereof |
| TWM561876U (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-06-11 | 國立交通大學 | A system for intelligently agricultural and environmental management |
| TWI763541B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-05-01 | 八百長春生技有限公司 | Cow camphor tree planting method |
| TWM633413U (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-21 | 逢甲大學 | Automated Smart Plant Cultivation System |
-
2022
- 2022-10-25 TW TW111140393A patent/TWI822416B/en active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101595819B (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-04-13 | 保山市林业技术推广总站 | Seed selection method for improved variety of walnut and high-yield cultivation method thereof |
| TWM561876U (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-06-11 | 國立交通大學 | A system for intelligently agricultural and environmental management |
| TWI763541B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-05-01 | 八百長春生技有限公司 | Cow camphor tree planting method |
| TWM633413U (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-21 | 逢甲大學 | Automated Smart Plant Cultivation System |
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