TWI796460B - Sealing construction management method, sealing construction management device, sealing construction management program, sealing construction management system - Google Patents
Sealing construction management method, sealing construction management device, sealing construction management program, sealing construction management system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種密封施工管理方法，是在已夾入有墊片的凸緣設定複數個鎖緊處，且在各鎖緊處設置螺栓及螺帽來鎖緊，前述密封施工管理方法可藉由下述步驟來實現鎖緊精確度高的凸緣連接：以設定好第1鎖緊扭矩值的鎖緊工具來鎖緊前述螺栓及前述螺帽；檢測前述螺栓的軸力；利用檢測到的前述軸力，來進行前述螺栓的扭矩係數的算出或選定；及按前述螺栓的每個鎖緊處，將利用前述扭矩係數而算出或選定的第2鎖緊扭矩值設定於前述鎖緊工具。 A sealing construction management method is to set a plurality of locking positions on the flange with gaskets sandwiched therein, and set bolts and nuts at each locking position to lock. The aforementioned sealing construction management method can be performed by the following steps To realize the flange connection with high locking accuracy: use the locking tool with the first locking torque value to lock the aforementioned bolt and the aforementioned nut; detect the axial force of the aforementioned bolt; use the detected aforementioned axial force, To calculate or select the torque coefficient of the aforementioned bolt; and set the second tightening torque value calculated or selected by using the aforementioned torque coefficient to the aforementioned locking tool for each locking position of the aforementioned bolt.
Description
發明領域 field of invention
本發明是有關於一種在連結配管、閥、泵浦等之凸緣鎖緊上使用的密封施工的管理技術。 The present invention relates to a management technology of sealing construction used in flange locking of connecting pipes, valves, pumps, etc.
發明背景 Background of the invention
在配管連結或泵浦等對配管的連接中，會利用已將墊片夾入的凸緣。此凸緣是在設定於周緣側之複數處的鎖緊處上，藉由螺栓與螺帽的鎖緊來緊固。螺栓與螺帽的鎖緊會使用扭矩扳手等之手動的鎖緊工具、或電動式的螺絲鎖緊工具等。 Flanges with gaskets sandwiched therein are used for pipe connection or pump connection to pipes. The flange is fastened by locking bolts and nuts at multiple locking points on the peripheral side. To tighten the bolts and nuts, use manual locking tools such as torque wrenches, or electric screw locking tools.
在像這種螺栓及螺帽對凸緣的鎖緊中，是在全部的鎖緊處中以規定的扭矩值來進行鎖緊處理，且必須使作用於螺栓的軸力不產生偏差來進行鎖緊。因此，由鎖緊工具所進行之螺栓及螺帽的鎖緊狀態的管理會變得重要。 In the locking of the flange with bolts and nuts like this, the locking process is performed with a specified torque value at all locking points, and the axial force acting on the bolt must be locked without deviation. tight. Therefore, it becomes important to manage the locking state of the bolt and the nut by the locking tool.
在鎖緊管理方法中，例如有：管理施加於螺栓的鎖緊扭矩之扭矩法、以超音波軸力計來測定螺栓的延伸以管理軸力的方法、將螺栓拉伸至設為目標的軸力，使螺帽就位而進行鎖緊，藉此一邊管理軸力一邊進行螺栓的鎖緊之螺栓拉緊器(bolt tensioner)(拉伸法)等之方法。 Examples of tightening management methods include the torque method to manage the tightening torque applied to the bolt, the method of measuring the extension of the bolt with an ultrasonic axial force meter to manage the axial force, and the method of stretching the bolt to the target axis. A method such as a bolt tensioner (stretching method) that tightens the bolt while managing the axial force to lock the nut in place.
有關於像這種凸緣的鎖緊管理，已知有下述方式：藉由檢測器來電性檢測出螺栓的輸出軸的旋轉速度或扭矩，並且將此檢測值分解成針對鎖緊經過時間之每一刻的旋轉速度與扭矩值，來算出每個微小時間的動力值，或因應於鎖緊變動負荷的狀態來對動力扳手的旋轉速度當量瞬間地作增減控制，藉此使每個微小時間的輸出軸動力近似於輸出扭矩(例如，專利文獻1)。又，已知有利用關係式來算出預測軸力的方式(例如，專利文獻2)，前述關係式是將螺合構件的鎖緊完成時的軸力與從完成時經過規定時間後的軸力之比作為鎖緊所需要的時間之函數來表示。已知一種具備鎖緊凸緣之螺栓的軸力檢測感測器，在螺栓的軸力比設定值更小的情況下，使鎖緊動作執行之方式(例如，專利文獻3)。 Regarding the locking management of such a flange, there is known a method in which a detector electrically detects the rotational speed or torque of the output shaft of the bolt, and decomposes the detected value into values corresponding to the elapsed time of locking. The rotation speed and torque value at each moment can be used to calculate the power value of each micro-time, or the rotation speed equivalent of the power wrench can be increased or decreased instantaneously in response to the state of the locking fluctuation load, so as to make each micro-time The output shaft power of is approximate to the output torque (for example, Patent Document 1). Also, there is known a method of calculating the predicted axial force by using a relational expression (for example, Patent Document 2). The above-mentioned relational expression is the axial force when the locking of the screw member is completed and the axial force after a predetermined time has elapsed since the completion. The ratio is expressed as a function of the time required for locking. There is known a method for detecting an axial force of a bolt provided with a locking flange and performing a locking operation when the axial force of the bolt is smaller than a set value (for example, Patent Document 3).
專利文獻1：日本專利特公昭53-047959號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Sho 53-047959
專利文獻2：日本專利第5724595號公報 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 5724595
專利文獻3：日本專利特開昭61-142082號公報 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-142082
發明概要 Summary of the invention
然而，將墊片夾入的凸緣連接，必須將全部的螺栓及螺帽的鎖緊軸力均等化，藉此使凸緣彼此維持成平行。在 將複數個螺栓及螺帽鎖緊的凸緣連接中，若作用於螺栓的軸力產生偏差，則會在凸緣間產生傾斜。成為所謂不均勻鎖緊之狀態。在像這種不均勻鎖緊之狀態下，會有導致在藉由凸緣連結的管路中產生間隙、或是由凸緣間的墊片所產生之密封功能降低等之課題。 However, in the flange connection where the gasket is sandwiched, it is necessary to equalize the locking axial force of all the bolts and nuts, thereby maintaining the flanges parallel to each other. exist In a flange connection in which a plurality of bolts and nuts are fastened together, if the axial force acting on the bolts deviates, an inclination will occur between the flanges. It becomes the state of so-called uneven locking. In such a non-uniform locking state, there are problems such as the generation of gaps in the pipes connected by the flanges, or the reduction of the sealing function caused by the gasket between the flanges.
又，由扭矩法所進行之鎖緊管理雖然是管理以螺栓及螺帽的鎖緊所賦與的鎖緊扭矩，但是鎖緊扭矩與作用於螺栓的軸力之比例係數即扭矩係數會受到針對凸緣或螺帽的摩擦等的影響，使每個螺栓的軸力有偏差。因此，即使以根據鎖緊時必要的鎖緊力所算出的鎖緊扭矩來進行鎖緊，仍然會有因扭矩係數的差異而在凸緣的每個鎖緊位置上產生作用於螺栓的軸力偏差之課題。 In addition, although the tightening management by the torque method is to manage the tightening torque given by the tightening of the bolt and nut, the proportional coefficient between the tightening torque and the axial force acting on the bolt, that is, the torque coefficient will be targeted. The axial force of each bolt varies due to the influence of the friction of the flange or the nut. Therefore, even if the tightening torque is calculated from the necessary tightening force at the time of tightening, there will still be an axial force acting on the bolt at each locked position of the flange due to the difference in the torque coefficient. The subject of deviation.
在利用超音波軸力計的鎖緊管理中，是在進行了螺栓的鎖緊後測定軸力，且會為了將軸力均一化而進行再上緊或重新上緊，因此會有導致作業工時或作業時間的增加之課題。在螺栓對凸緣的鎖緊作業中，是針對1個螺栓一邊改變鎖緊扭矩的值一邊進行複數次鎖緊，因此若要將鎖緊扭矩值調整成每次都成為目標軸力，則作業時數會變得龐大。又，由於螺栓的再上緊或重新上緊會因彈性相互作用的影響，而受到其他螺栓的鎖緊發生鬆動等之影響，因此鎖緊後的軸力調整會導致作業負荷的增加。 In the locking management using the ultrasonic axial force meter, the axial force is measured after the bolt is tightened, and retightening or retightening is performed to make the axial force uniform, which may cause work accidents. The subject of increased time or homework time. In the bolt-to-flange tightening operation, one bolt is tightened multiple times while changing the tightening torque value. Therefore, if the tightening torque value is adjusted so that the target axial force is achieved each time, the operation Hours can get huge. In addition, since retightening or retightening of a bolt is affected by the loosening of other bolts due to the influence of elastic interaction, the adjustment of the axial force after locking will increase the working load.
在由螺栓拉緊器所進行之鎖緊管理中，會有必須有專用的工具而耗費費用或作業時間，或是為了拉伸螺栓而必須有螺栓的額外長度之課題。此外，以油壓來對螺栓施予 軸力，並且使螺帽就位於螺栓等之被緊固體，再去除油壓即可完成鎖緊，但是在去除油壓時，螺帽支承面會變形成沉入被緊固體表面，而低於油壓所施予的軸力。為了彌補要這點，雖然可將初始軸力設定成較高，但是在緊固體的強度不足的情況下，也會有產生破損的危險、或是難以推定降低的軸力之課題。 In the tightening management performed by the bolt tensioner, there is a problem that a dedicated tool is required, which requires cost and work time, or that an extra length of the bolt is required to stretch the bolt. In addition, oil pressure is applied to the bolt axial force, and the nut is located on the fastened body such as the bolt, and then the locking can be completed by removing the oil pressure, but when the oil pressure is removed, the nut supporting surface will be deformed to sink into the surface of the fastened body, which is lower Axial force exerted by hydraulic pressure. To make up for this, the initial axial force can be set higher, but if the strength of the fastening body is insufficient, there is a risk of damage, or there is a problem that it is difficult to estimate the reduced axial force.
在已夾入有墊片的凸緣之密封施工中，雖然是採用像這種鎖緊管理之任一者，來進行由設定於鎖緊工具的扭矩值所進行之鎖緊或鎖緊後的調整等，但是為了使已鎖緊的螺栓的軸力均一化，需要大量的時間或作業勞力或成本。本申請的發明者是根據由這些鎖緊管理的手法所造成之軸力的偏差會受每個螺栓的狀態的差異影響之知識見解，將調整可利用於算出鎖緊扭矩值的扭矩係數來進行鎖緊管理這點作為發明的課題。 In the sealing construction of the flange with the gasket sandwiched, although any of these locking managements are used, the locking or post-locking is performed by the torque value set in the locking tool. However, in order to make the axial force of the tightened bolts uniform, a lot of time, labor and cost are required. The inventors of this application adjusted the torque coefficient that can be used to calculate the locking torque value based on the knowledge that the deviation of the axial force caused by these locking management methods is affected by the difference in the state of each bolt. Lock management is the subject of the invention.
針對這樣的課題，在專利文獻1~3中並無揭示也無提示，且這些文獻所揭示的構成並無法解決這樣的課題。
Regarding such a problem,
於是，本發明之目的在於：有鑒於上述課題，能以較少的作業工時及作業時間來進行螺栓及螺帽的鎖緊，並且實現鎖緊精確度高的凸緣連接。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to achieve flange connection with high locking accuracy while fastening bolts and nuts with less work man-hours and less work time in view of the above-mentioned problems.
又，本發明之其他目的在於：施加與每個螺栓及螺帽的狀態相因應的鎖緊扭矩，藉此實現針對凸緣的鎖緊狀態的安穩定化及必要的軸力下的鎖緊。 Another object of the present invention is to apply a locking torque corresponding to the state of each bolt and nut, thereby realizing stabilization of the locked state of the flange and locking under a necessary axial force.
這樣的課題的揭示或提示並不存在，且專利文獻1至專利文獻3所揭示的構成並無法解決這樣的課題。
There is no disclosure or suggestion of such a problem, and the configurations disclosed in
為了達成上述目的，本發明的密封施工管理方法的一態樣，是在已夾入有墊片的凸緣設定複數個鎖緊處，且在各鎖緊處設置螺栓及螺帽來鎖緊的密封施工管理方法，包含下述步驟：以設定好第1鎖緊扭矩值的鎖緊工具來鎖緊前述螺栓及前述螺帽；檢測前述螺栓的軸力；利用檢測到的前述軸力，來進行前述螺栓的扭矩係數的算出或選定；及按前述螺栓的每個鎖緊處，將利用前述扭矩係數而算出或選定的第2鎖緊扭矩值設定於前述鎖緊工具。 In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the sealing construction management method of the present invention is to set a plurality of locking points on the flange with the gasket sandwiched therein, and to set bolts and nuts at each locking point to lock them. The sealing construction management method includes the following steps: locking the aforementioned bolt and the aforementioned nut with a locking tool with a set first locking torque value; detecting the axial force of the aforementioned bolt; using the detected aforementioned axial force to perform Calculation or selection of the torque coefficient of the aforementioned bolt; and setting the second tightening torque value calculated or selected using the aforementioned torque coefficient to the aforementioned locking tool for each tightening position of the aforementioned bolt.
在上述密封施工管理方法中，亦可包含下述步驟：將檢測到的前述螺栓的前述軸力，與目標軸力、設定軸力或規定的閾值作對比，並且根據此對比結果來進行前述扭矩係數的算出或選定。 In the above-mentioned seal construction management method, the following steps may also be included: comparing the detected axial force of the aforementioned bolt with the target axial force, the set axial force or a prescribed threshold, and performing the aforementioned torque according to the comparison result. Calculation or selection of coefficients.
在上述密封施工管理方法中，亦可更包含下述步驟：檢測前述鎖緊工具的巡迴次數或前述鎖緊處之任一者或兩者；及因應於巡迴次數或鎖緊處而分階段地或連續地使設定於前述鎖緊工具的設定軸力或鎖緊扭矩值變動。 In the above-mentioned sealing construction management method, the following steps may be further included: detecting the number of visits of the aforementioned locking tool or any one or both of the aforementioned locking positions; Or continuously change the value of the set axial force or locking torque set to the aforementioned locking tool.
在上述密封施工管理方法中，亦可更包含下述步驟：利用按每個鎖緊步驟而設定的設定軸力、及事先選定的扭矩係數，來進行前述第1鎖緊扭矩值的算出或選定。 In the above sealing construction management method, the following step may be further included: calculating or selecting the first locking torque value by using the set axial force set for each locking step and the torque coefficient selected in advance .
為了達成上述目的，本發明的密封施工管理裝置的一態樣，是在已夾入有墊片的凸緣設定複數個鎖緊 處，且在各鎖緊處設置螺栓及螺帽來鎖緊的密封施工管理裝置，具備：設定組件，將前述鎖緊處、鎖緊的巡迴次數、鎖緊扭矩值設定於鎖緊工具；取得組件，取得前述螺栓的軸力；及控制組件，取得藉由設定好第1鎖緊扭矩值的前述鎖緊工具而鎖緊的前述螺栓的軸力，利用該軸力來算出或選定前述螺栓的扭矩係數，按前述螺栓的每個前述鎖緊處，將利用前述扭矩係數而算出或選定的第2鎖緊扭矩值設定於前述鎖緊工具。 In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the sealing construction management device of the present invention is to set a plurality of locking rings on the flange that has been clamped with gaskets. The seal construction management device is equipped with bolts and nuts at each locking position to lock. It has: a setting component, which sets the aforementioned locking position, the number of times of locking tours, and the locking torque value in the locking tool; A component for obtaining the axial force of the aforementioned bolt; and a control component for obtaining the axial force of the aforementioned bolt locked by the aforementioned locking tool with the first tightening torque value set, and using the axial force to calculate or select the axial force of the aforementioned bolt The torque coefficient is to set the second tightening torque value calculated or selected by using the torque coefficient for each of the aforementioned tightening positions of the aforementioned bolts to the aforementioned locking tool.
在上述密封施工管理裝置中，前述控制組件亦可將檢測到的前述螺栓的前述軸力，與目標軸力、設定軸力或規定的閾值作對比，並且根據此對比結果來算出或選定前述扭矩係數。 In the above sealing construction management device, the control component may also compare the detected axial force of the bolt with the target axial force, the set axial force or a prescribed threshold, and calculate or select the aforementioned torque according to the comparison result coefficient.
在上述密封施工管理裝置中，亦可更具備：檢測組件，檢測前述鎖緊工具的巡迴次數或前述鎖緊處之任一者或兩者，前述控制組件是因應於巡迴次數或前述鎖緊處而分階段地或連續地使設定於前述鎖緊工具的設定軸力或鎖緊扭矩值變動。 In the above-mentioned sealing construction management device, it may further include: a detection component to detect either or both of the number of visits of the aforementioned locking tool or the aforementioned locking position, and the aforementioned control unit is responsive to the number of tours or the aforementioned locking position Instead, the value of the set axial force or the locking torque set to the aforementioned locking tool is varied stepwise or continuously.
為了達成上述目的，本發明的密封施工管理程式的一態樣，是用於以電腦來實現的密封施工管理程式，且是以前述電腦來實現下述功能：將第1鎖緊扭矩值設定於鎖緊工具，前述鎖緊工具是將安裝於已夾入有墊片的凸緣之鎖緊處的螺栓及螺帽鎖緊；取得以前述鎖緊工具鎖緊的前述螺栓的軸力之檢測結果；利用檢測到的前述軸力，來進行前述螺栓的扭矩係數的算出或選定；及按前述 螺栓的每個前述鎖緊處，將利用前述扭矩係數而算出或選定的第2鎖緊扭矩值設定於前述鎖緊工具。 In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the sealing construction management program of the present invention is a sealing construction management program implemented by a computer, and the following function is realized by the aforementioned computer: setting the first locking torque value at Locking tool, the aforementioned locking tool is used to lock the bolts and nuts installed at the locking place of the flange that has been clamped with gaskets; obtain the detection results of the axial force of the aforementioned bolts locked by the aforementioned locking tool ; Utilize the detected aforementioned axial force to calculate or select the torque coefficient of the aforementioned bolt; and according to the aforementioned For each of the aforementioned tightening positions of the bolts, the second tightening torque value calculated or selected using the aforementioned torque coefficient is set to the aforementioned locking tool.
為了達成上述目的，本發明的密封施工管理系統的一態樣，是在已夾入有墊片的凸緣設定複數個鎖緊處，且在各鎖緊處設置螺栓及螺帽來鎖緊的密封施工管理系統，具備：鎖緊工具，可控制施加於前述螺栓或前述螺帽的扭矩值；感測器，檢測前述螺栓的軸力；及控制器，將第1鎖緊扭矩值設定於鎖緊工具，利用以前述感測器檢測到的前述軸力來算出或選定前述螺栓的扭矩係數，按前述螺栓的每個鎖緊處，將利用前述扭矩係數而算出或選定的第2鎖緊扭矩值設定於前述鎖緊工具。 In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the sealing construction management system of the present invention is to set a plurality of locking positions on the flange with gaskets sandwiched therein, and to set bolts and nuts at each locking position to lock The sealing construction management system is provided with: a locking tool, which can control the torque value applied to the aforementioned bolt or the aforementioned nut; a sensor, which detects the axial force of the aforementioned bolt; and a controller, which sets the first locking torque value in the lock The tightening tool calculates or selects the torque coefficient of the aforementioned bolt by using the aforementioned axial force detected by the aforementioned sensor, and applies the second tightening torque calculated or selected by using the aforementioned torque coefficient for each locking position of the aforementioned bolt. The value is set in the aforementioned locking tool.
根據本發明，可以得到如下的任一個效果。 According to the present invention, any of the following effects can be obtained.
(1)在鎖緊步驟中算出每個螺栓的扭矩係數，並且進行已補正的鎖緊扭矩下的鎖緊，藉此即可消除或減輕由鎖緊後的重新上緊等之軸力調整所造成的作業負荷。 (1) Calculate the torque coefficient of each bolt in the tightening step, and perform the tightening at the corrected tightening torque, thereby eliminating or reducing the effect of axial force adjustment such as retightening after locking. resulting workload.
(2)一邊補正每個螺栓的扭矩係數一邊進行螺帽的鎖緊，藉此即可在分階段的鎖緊處理中，抑制鎖緊力不足或過剩的螺栓對於其他螺栓的影響。 (2) By tightening the nut while correcting the torque coefficient of each bolt, it is possible to suppress the influence of insufficient or excessive tightening force on other bolts in the step-by-step tightening process.
(3)找出每個螺栓的扭矩係數，並且以與鎖緊處的狀態相因應的鎖緊扭矩值來進行鎖緊，藉此即可抑制螺栓間的軸力之偏差。 (3) Find out the torque coefficient of each bolt, and perform locking with a locking torque value corresponding to the state of the locking place, so as to suppress the deviation of the axial force between the bolts.
並且，本發明的其他目的、特徵及優點，藉 由參照附加圖式及各實施形態，應可變得更加明確。 And, other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, by It should become clearer by referring to the attached drawings and each embodiment.
2、30、130:密封施工管理裝置 2, 30, 130: sealing construction management device
4:密封施工部 4: Sealing construction department
6:螺栓 6: Bolt
8:螺帽 8: Nut
10-1、10-2:凸緣 10-1, 10-2: flange
12:墊片 12: Gasket
14、132:鎖緊工具 14, 132: locking tool
16、134:控制組件 16, 134: control components
18、18-1~18-n:軸力感測器 18. 18-1~18-n: Axial force sensor
20:裝置本體 20: Device body
22:握柄 22: handle
24、138:套座 24, 138: set seat
26:觸發開關 26: Trigger switch
32:鎖緊條件設定部 32: Locking condition setting part
34:取得組件 34: Get components
40:鎖緊指示資訊表 40: Locking instruction information table
50:密封施工管理系統 50:Seal construction management system
52:控制器 52: Controller
54:伺服器 54:Server
55:纜線 55: cable
56:前面面板部 56: Front panel part
58、66:輸入操作部 58, 66: input operation part
60:顯示部 60: display part
62:通訊媒體 62: Communication media
64、110、144:處理部 64, 110, 144: processing department
68:螢幕 68: screen
70:控制部 70: Control Department
72:馬達 72: motor
74:扭矩感測器 74:Torque sensor
76:旋轉軸 76: axis of rotation
80、112:處理器 80, 112: Processor
82、114、146:儲存部 82, 114, 146: storage department
84、116:輸入輸出部(I/O) 84, 116: Input and output part (I/O)
86、118、142:通訊部 86, 118, 142: Ministry of Communications
88:條碼讀取器 88: Barcode reader
90、122:外部記憶體 90, 122: external memory
92-1:綠色燈具 92-1: Green lamps
92-2:紅色燈具 92-2: red lamps
94-1:暫時儲存區域 94-1: Temporary storage area
94-2:儲存區域 94-2: Storage area
100:凸緣資訊 100: Flange Information
102:墊片資訊 102: Gasket information
104:作業人員資訊 104: Operator Information
106:鎖緊結果資訊 106:Locking result information
120:觸控面板 120: Touch panel
136:齒輪單元 136: gear unit
140:資訊取得單元 140: Information acquisition unit
148:資訊提示部 148:Information reminder department
F:軸力 F: axial force
Fx:設定軸力 Fx: set axial force
Fα、Fα1、Fα2、Fβ、Fβ1、Fβ2:鎖緊結果 Fα, Fα1, Fα2, Fβ, Fβ1, Fβ2: locking results
k1、k2:扭矩係數 k1, k2: torque coefficient
N1、N2:摩擦力 N1, N2: friction
P、P1~P8:鎖緊處(鎖緊位置) P, P1~P8: locking position (locking position)
S:巡迴次數 S: number of rounds
S1~S8、S11~S17、S31~S47:步驟 S1~S8, S11~S17, S31~S47: steps
T、T1、T2:鎖緊扭矩值 T, T1, T2: Locking torque value
T’:補正扭矩值 T’: correction torque value
圖1是顯示第1實施形態之密封施工管理裝置之構成例的圖。 Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a sealing construction management device according to a first embodiment.
圖2是顯示凸緣鎖緊時作用於螺栓的力之狀態例的圖。 Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a state of force acting on a bolt when flanges are tightened.
圖3之A是顯示扭矩係數補正前的鎖緊步驟中之檢測軸力之一例的圖，B是顯示扭矩係數補正後的鎖緊步驟中之檢測軸力之一例的圖。 3A is a diagram showing an example of detected axial force in the tightening step before torque coefficient correction, and B is a diagram showing an example of detected axial force in the tightening step after torque coefficient correction.
圖4是顯示密封施工管理處理之一例的流程圖。 Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of sealing construction management processing.
圖5是顯示第2實施形態之密封施工管理裝置之構成例的圖。 Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a sealing construction management device according to a second embodiment.
圖6是顯示鎖緊順序之一例的圖。 Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a locking sequence.
圖7是顯示鎖緊指示資訊表之一例的圖。 Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a locking instruction information table.
圖8是顯示軸力檢測結果之一例的圖。 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of axial force detection results.
圖9是顯示扭矩係數的算出結果之一例的圖。 FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of a calculation result of a torque coefficient.
圖10是顯示密封施工管理處理之一例的流程圖。 Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of sealing construction management processing.
圖11是顯示第3實施形態之密封施工管理系統之構成例的圖。 Fig. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a sealing construction management system according to a third embodiment.
圖12之A是顯示鎖緊工具之構成例的圖，B是顯示軸力感測器之一例的圖。 A of FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a locking tool, and B is a diagram showing an example of an axial force sensor.
圖13之A是顯示控制器之構成例的圖，B是顯示儲存部之構成例的圖。 A of FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a controller, and B is a diagram showing a configuration example of a storage unit.
圖14是顯示伺服器之內部構成例的圖。 Fig. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of a server.
圖15是表示鎖緊結果之顯示例的圖。 Fig. 15 is a diagram showing a display example of locking results.
圖16是表示密封施工管理之一例的序列圖。 Fig. 16 is a sequence diagram showing an example of seal construction management.
圖17是顯示第4實施形態之密封施工管理裝置之構成例的圖。 Fig. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a sealing construction management device according to a fourth embodiment.
圖18是顯示比較例的圖。 FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a comparative example.
用以實施發明之形態 form for carrying out the invention
[第1實施形態] [First Embodiment]
圖1是顯示第1實施形態之密封施工管理裝置的構成例。圖1所示的構成只是一例，本發明並不限定於這樣的構成。 Fig. 1 shows a configuration example of a sealing construction management device according to a first embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
<密封施工管理裝置2>
<Sealing
此密封施工管理裝置2是進行密封施工部4的複數個螺栓6與螺帽8的鎖緊處理及其鎖緊管理，前述密封施工部4是連結複數個管路彼此或配管與閥、配管與泵浦等。例如圖1所示，密封施工部4作為鎖緊對象之一例，是在連結組件即凸緣10-1、10-2間夾入有墊片12，且在設定於凸緣10-1、10-2的周緣側的複數個鎖緊處上各別配置有螺栓6及螺帽8。在此凸緣10-1、10-2中，設定有例如8處的鎖緊處。亦即，在此凸緣10-1、10-2中，例如等間隔地以角度θ=45[°]的間隔來鎖緊8支螺栓6與螺帽8。墊片12是以具有剛性的樹脂材料所構成，且至少接觸凸緣10-1、10-2的相向面，並且形成為不重疊於流路的形狀，前述流路是形成於配管等之凸緣以外的被連結物的流路。並且，墊片12
為密封組件之一例，是藉由螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊而在凸緣10-1、10-2中形成壓接狀態，藉此阻止流體等從被連結物的連結部分的周圍流出。
This sealing
在密封施工管理方面，密封施工管理裝置2會管理螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊，藉此以均一或接近均一的狀態將位於凸緣10-1、10-2之間的墊片12作成按壓狀態。
In terms of sealing construction management, the sealing
密封施工管理裝置2具有例如鎖緊工具14及控制組件16。鎖緊工具14是賦與於螺栓6或螺帽8的輸出扭矩T的賦與組件之一例，包含具備可進行例如輸出扭矩(鎖緊扭矩T)的設定或調整的功能之螺帽鎖緊機(nutrunner)或電動工具。此鎖緊工具14是藉由例如進行鎖緊處理的作業人員的操作而攜帶，有可進行鎖緊時的開啟/關閉(ON/OFF)操作等之工具、或是設置或把持於未圖示的製品組裝裝置的臂部等之工具。
The sealing
鎖緊工具14具有：握柄22，使例如裝置本體20的保持及朝規定位置移動成為可行；套座24，嵌合於鎖緊對象即螺帽8以施加鎖緊扭矩；及觸發開關26，在鎖緊步驟中透過套座24使鎖緊扭矩T開啟/關閉。在螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊步驟中，是利用作業人員的手指或未圖示的機械臂、或是其他開關電路等來切換觸發開關26的開啟/關閉。
The
又，在鎖緊步驟中，例如作業人員或組裝裝置等會針對設定於密封施工部4的鎖緊處，亦即設置有螺栓6及螺帽8的位置，以設定好的順序來使鎖緊工具14配置，以進行觸發開關26的開啟/關閉操作。
Also, in the locking step, for example, the operator or the assembly device will lock the locking position set at the sealing
控制組件16是輸出鎖緊工具14的動作指示，並且由螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊狀態來進行設定於鎖緊工具14的鎖緊扭矩值T1的調整處理之組件的一例。此控制組件16是以例如電腦所構成，可與鎖緊工具14構成為一體，或亦可為獨立的機器，且藉由有線或無線來與鎖緊工具14連接。又，控制組件16是與軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n(n為自然數)連接，以取得由鎖緊所造成的軸力之值或是由鎖緊所造成的軸力之變化等。
The
軸力感測器18-1、18-2、18-3、...、18-n是檢測作用於螺栓6或螺帽8的軸力之組件的一例，且是設置在已被設置於全部的鎖緊處的螺栓6或螺帽8之任一者。又，軸力感測器18-1、18-2、18-3、...、18-n亦可設置於例如軸力測定時。
The axial force sensors 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, ..., 18-n are an example of components that detect the axial force acting on the
<控制組件16之功能>
<Function of
具備像這種構成之密封施工管理裝置2的控制組件16是具有例如以下的功能。
The
a.因應於設定好的扭矩係數k1及鎖緊處的巡迴次數S，來算出或選定賦與於螺栓6或螺帽8的鎖緊扭矩值T1之功能。
a. The function of calculating or selecting the tightening torque value T1 assigned to the
b.將鎖緊扭矩值T1設定於鎖緊工具14之功能。
b. The function of setting the tightening torque value T1 in the
c.因應於巡迴次數S(STEP)而分階段地或連續地變更鎖緊工具14的鎖緊扭矩值T1之功能。此巡迴次數S是繞行螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊處即位置P1、P2、...、Pn的單位數。
c. The function of changing the tightening torque value T1 of the
d.取得藉由鎖緊而作用於螺栓6或螺帽8的軸力之檢測
結果，來算出與鎖緊處P相因應的補正扭矩係數k2之功能。
d. Obtain the detection of the axial force acting on the
e.利用已算出的補正扭矩係數k2，來算出或選定已補正的鎖緊扭矩值T2之功能。 e. The function of calculating or selecting the corrected locking torque value T2 by using the calculated corrected torque coefficient k2.
功能a的鎖緊扭矩值T1是利用例如目標軸力的值來算出的鎖緊扭矩值。此鎖緊扭矩值T1是作為等級值(level value)而被算出，前述等級值是根據包含墊片12的鎖緊條件來到達設為目標的軸力F時所需之值。在鎖緊扭矩值T的算出中，是利用以下的數式。
The tightening torque value T1 of the function a is calculated using, for example, the value of the target axial force. The tightening torque value T1 is calculated as a level value required to reach the target axial force F based on the tightening conditions including the
T=kFd/n...(1) T=kFd/n...(1)
在此，d是要鎖緊的螺栓6的外徑，n是設置於密封施工部4的螺栓6或螺帽8的數量。又，k是表示鎖緊扭矩T與鎖緊力(軸力F)的比例係數之扭矩係數。
Here, d is the outer diameter of the
例如圖2所示，螺栓6及螺帽8的軸力F是相對於從鎖緊工具14所施加的鎖緊扭矩T，而受到凸緣10-1或10-2與螺栓6或螺帽8的支承面的摩擦力N1、螺紋面的摩擦力N2等之影響。又，此鎖緊的軸力F是受到螺紋的表面粗糙度等之影響。亦即，根據鎖緊處的不同，即使以相同的鎖緊扭矩值T1來鎖緊，作用於螺栓6及螺帽8的軸力F仍會有所不同。考慮到像這種影響而設定的扭矩係數k是因應於每個螺栓6或螺帽8的鎖緊處P而成為不同的值。在密封施工開始時的鎖緊扭矩值T1的算出中，是將例如針對全部的鎖緊處P的扭矩係數k1作為一定的值而設定為0.2。
For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the axial force F of the
在功能b中，已算出的扭矩值T1會被設定於鎖緊工具14，來作為由控制組件16針對鎖緊工具14的控制
資訊。
In function b, the calculated torque value T1 will be set in the
在功能c中，控制組件16是因應於鎖緊巡迴次數S，來使由鎖緊工具14所產生的鎖緊扭矩值T1分階段地或連續地變更，以進行鎖緊。藉此，使各鎖緊處P的螺栓6或螺帽8的軸力到達目標軸力F。
In function c, the
在功能d中，控制組件16是取得從與例如鎖緊處P相對應的軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n檢測到的軸力F。檢測到的軸力F可在每次進行了鎖緊時取得，或亦可在進行了規定的巡迴次數S的鎖緊時取得。並且，控制組件16是利用例如數式(1)，來算出每個螺栓6或螺帽8的補正扭矩係數k2。在補正扭矩係數k2的算出中，是利用設定好的扭矩值T1與檢測到的軸力F。
In the function d, the
在功能e中，控制組件16是利用補正扭矩係數k2與目標軸力，根據數式(1)來算出已補正的鎖緊扭矩值T2，並設定於鎖緊工具14。
In the function e, the
<密封施工管理的結果> <Results of seal construction management>
圖3是顯示鎖緊步驟中的檢測軸力之一例。 Fig. 3 shows an example of detected axial force in the locking step.
控制組件16是管理例如在鎖緊處P檢測到的軸力，並且藉由未圖示的顯示組件，對進行鎖緊的作業人員或作業管理者通知管理結果。
The
圖3之A是例如將扭矩係數設定為一定的值k1=0.2而進行了鎖緊的情況之軸力檢測結果之一例。此鎖緊結果Fα中，例如鎖緊處[1]~[5]、[8]的檢測軸力會成為同等的值，相對於此，鎖緊處[7]中的鎖緊結果Fα1的值會變小， 又，鎖緊處[6]中的鎖緊結果Fα2的值會成為比其他鎖緊處更大的值。亦即，即使以相同的鎖緊扭矩值T1來進行鎖緊，也明確可知對於鎖緊處[7]與[6]的狀態，扭矩係數k1並不是適當的值。 A of FIG. 3 is an example of an axial force detection result in the case where the torque coefficient is set to a constant value k1=0.2 and the lock is performed, for example. In this locking result Fα, for example, the detected axial force at the locking point [1]~[5], [8] will have the same value, compared to this, the value of the locking result Fα1 at the locking point [7] will get smaller, Also, the value of the locking result Fα2 in the locking point [6] becomes larger than that of other locking points. That is, even if the tightening is performed with the same tightening torque value T1, it is clear that the torque coefficient k1 is not an appropriate value for the states of the locked positions [7] and [6].
又，圖3之B是設定與每個鎖緊處相對應的補正扭矩係數k2而進行了鎖緊的情況之軸力檢測結果之一例。在此鎖緊結果Fβ中，鎖緊處[7]、[6]的鎖緊結果Fβ1、Fβ2的值是和其他鎖緊處的檢測軸力的值成為同等。藉此即可抑制作用於凸緣10-1、10-2的整體之軸力的偏差。 In addition, B of FIG. 3 is an example of the axial force detection result in the case of setting the correction torque coefficient k2 corresponding to each locking point and performing locking. In this locking result Fβ, the values of the locking results Fβ1 and Fβ2 at the locking places [7] and [6] are equal to the values of the detected axial forces at other locking places. Thereby, variation in the axial force acting on the flanges 10-1, 10-2 as a whole can be suppressed.
<密封施工管理處理> <Sealing construction management processing>
圖4是顯示密封施工管理處理例。圖4所示的處理順序、處理內容只是本發明的密封施工管理方法或密封施工管理程式之一例，本發明並不限定於這樣的內容。 Fig. 4 shows an example of sealing construction management processing. The processing procedure and processing content shown in FIG. 4 are only an example of the sealing construction management method or the sealing construction management program of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to such contents.
在密封施工管理處理方面，控制組件16會利用目標軸力或設定軸力與第1扭矩係數k1，來進行第1鎖緊扭矩值T1的算出或選定(S1)，並且將此第1鎖緊扭矩值T1設定於鎖緊工具14(S2)。目標軸力是在鎖緊完成時作用於螺栓6或螺帽8的軸力F之目標值。在因應於巡迴次數S而使針對螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊扭矩值T1分階段地變化的情況下，設定軸力會是在算出鎖緊扭矩值T1時所設定之軸力F的值，可因應於例如巡迴次數S來設定為目標軸力的x[%]等。又，鎖緊扭矩值T1亦可選定例如事先儲存於資料庫等的值來設定。
In terms of seal construction management processing, the
控制組件16是從軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n
取得軸力的檢測結果(S3)，並且將檢測結果與目標軸力或設定軸力作比較(S4)。此軸力的比較是按每個鎖緊處來進行。並且，在檢測結果與目標軸力或設定軸力有差分的情況下(S5的「是(YES)」)，則利用檢測到的軸力F的值來算出第2扭矩係數即補正扭矩係數k2(S6)。又，在檢測結果與目標軸力或設定軸力沒有差分的情況下(S5的「否(NO)」)，則判斷已設定與鎖緊處的狀態相對應的扭矩係數k1，而維持第1扭矩係數k1(S7)。
The
控制組件16是按每個鎖緊處而利用各別的扭矩係數來算出鎖緊扭矩值T1、T2並設定於鎖緊工具14(S8)，再進行到下一個鎖緊順序。
The
再者，在此密封施工管理處理中，雖然是顯示了將檢測到的軸力與目標軸力或設定軸力作對比，並在其值有差分的情況下進行扭矩係數的補正之情況，但是並不限定於此。亦可根據在全部的鎖緊處檢測到的軸力，來算出第2扭矩係數k2。 In addition, in this seal construction management process, although it is shown that the detected axial force is compared with the target axial force or the set axial force, and the correction of the torque coefficient is performed when there is a difference in the value, it does not Not limited to this. The second torque coefficient k2 can also be calculated from the axial force detected at all the locking points.
又，在檢測到的軸力之對比處理中，並不限定於例如目標軸力或設定軸力，亦可與事先設定之規定的閾值作比較。 In addition, the comparison processing of the detected axial force is not limited to, for example, the target axial force or the set axial force, and may be compared with a predetermined threshold value set in advance.
<第1實施形態的效果> <Effect of the first embodiment>
根據這樣的構成，可得到如下的效果。 According to such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1)由透過螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊所檢測出之檢測結果、與設定於鎖緊工具14的鎖緊扭矩值的關係，來找出與每個鎖緊處的狀態相因應的扭矩係數，藉此即可在密封施
工中容易地進行鎖緊扭矩值的補正處理。
(1) From the relationship between the detection results detected through the locking of the
(2)藉由透過扭矩係數的找出所進行之鎖緊扭矩值的補正，即可抑制相對於目標軸力或設定軸力而作用於螺栓6或螺帽8的軸力F之偏離，並且可謀求重新上緊等之作業負荷的減輕及作業時間的縮短化。
(2) The deviation of the axial force F acting on the
(3)在鎖緊步驟中找出扭矩係數來進行鎖緊扭矩值的修正，藉此作用於凸緣10-1、10-2及墊片12之接觸面的軸力的偏差即會消失，而可減少在這些接觸面的一部分產生皺紋或應變等的可能性，並且可提高墊片的密合性或所連接的配管等之密閉性。
(3) Find the torque coefficient in the locking step to correct the locking torque value, so that the deviation of the axial force acting on the contact surfaces of the flanges 10-1, 10-2 and the
(4)在固定支撐凸緣10-1、10-2的複數個螺栓6及螺帽8間抑制鎖緊的軸力的偏差，藉此即可減少鎖緊的鬆動發生的可能性，並且可提高凸緣10-1、10-2的連接性或墊片12的密封性之信賴性。
(4) The deviation of the axial force of locking is suppressed between the plurality of
(5)根據鎖緊的結果來自動地判斷每個鎖緊處的狀態，並算出與其狀態相配合的鎖緊扭矩值，藉此即不需依賴作業人員的經驗或直覺，而能夠進行與凸緣10-1、10-2、墊片12、螺栓6、螺帽8的狀態相配合的密封施工管理。
(5) According to the result of locking, the state of each locking place is automatically judged, and the locking torque value corresponding to its state is calculated, so that it is possible to carry out the operation with the embossing without relying on the operator's experience or intuition. Sealing construction management that matches the states of flanges 10-1, 10-2,
[第2實施形態] [Second Embodiment]
圖5是顯示第2實施形態之密封施工管理裝置之構成例。圖5所示的構成只是一例，本發明並非限定於這樣的構成。 Fig. 5 shows a configuration example of a sealing construction management device according to a second embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 5 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
<密封施工管理裝置30>
<Sealing
例如圖5所示，此密封施工管理裝置30具備鎖緊工具14、控制組件16、及鎖緊條件設定部32。控制組件16具備取得組件34，前述取得組件34可接收設置於例如螺栓6或螺帽8的任一者或兩者的軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n的檢測結果。此取得組件34可包含例如與軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n以無線方式連接的通訊組件或以有線方式連接的連接介面等，並且具有可進行檢測結果的算出處理或顯示處理之處理功能。
For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , this sealing
鎖緊條件設定部32除了例如將控制組件16設定好的鎖緊扭矩值T1、T2設定於鎖緊工具14的功能之外，還具有例如在鎖緊作業中掌握鎖緊處或巡迴次數，並進行其指示顯示或通知，藉此來針對作業人員所進行的密封施工管理功能。
In addition to the function of setting the tightening torque values T1 and T2 set by the
此鎖緊條件設定部32可與例如控制組件16構成為一體，或亦可為以有線或無線等來連接的獨立個體。
The locking
又，鎖緊條件設定部32亦可具備例如鎖緊扭矩值T1、T2的算出處理功能。
In addition, the locking
鎖緊工具14或密封施工部4只要具有與第1實施形態同樣的構成即可，故省略其說明。
The
<鎖緊順序及巡迴次數> <Locking sequence and number of rounds>
圖6是顯示螺栓及螺帽的鎖緊順序之一例。 Fig. 6 shows an example of the tightening sequence of bolts and nuts.
在螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊作業中，例如可如圖6之A的箭頭a所示，依序巡迴於位置P1、P2...、Pn，亦可如圖6之B的箭頭b所示，以在凸緣10-1、10-2的直徑方向上變更鎖
緊處，即所謂的「對角鎖緊」鎖緊順序，巡迴於位置P1、P2...、Pn來進行鎖緊。亦即，可於位置P1、P2...、Pn依編號順序來連續鎖緊，亦可規則地跳過規定數之鎖緊處來巡迴。從而，巡迴次數S並不限定於對位置P1、P2...、Pn依照順序連續進行之巡迴的計數值，亦可為以跳過規定位置之巡迴為單位所計數的計數值。
In the locking operation of the
在此實施形態的密封施工管理中，是採用例如依據日本工業規格(JIS)的凸緣接頭鎖緊方法(JIS B 2251)的鎖緊順序。又，在此實施形態中，是顯示例如設置於凸緣10-1、10-2的螺栓6的數量為n=8[支]的情況。於是，在此鎖緊處理中，是在從開始鎖緊到成為規定的巡迴次數(S)為止之所謂的「暫時鎖緊」階段中，於位置P1、P2...、Pn進行在凸緣10-1、10-2的直徑方向上變更鎖緊處，即所謂的「對角鎖緊」(圖6之B)之鎖緊。此外，在鎖緊處理中，是在「暫時鎖緊」的巡迴次數(S)完成後，作為所謂的「主要鎖緊」的階段，依序巡迴於P2~Pn(圖6之A)來進行鎖緊。
In the seal construction management of this embodiment, for example, a locking sequence according to the flange joint locking method (JIS B 2251) of Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) is adopted. Moreover, in this embodiment, for example, the case where the number of the
再者，「暫時鎖緊」或「主要鎖緊」的巡迴次數(STEP)或鎖緊的順序，亦可因應於設置於凸緣10-1、10-2的螺栓6的支數來設定不同的值。
Furthermore, the number of cycles (STEP) or locking sequence of "temporary locking" or "main locking" can also be set differently according to the number of
<鎖緊指示資訊表40>
<Locking
圖7是顯示鎖緊指示資訊表之一例。 Fig. 7 is an example of a table showing locking instruction information.
此鎖緊指示資訊表40是儲存有密封施工管理的處理內容的表格之一例，且儲存於例如控制組件16中。在此鎖緊指示資訊表40中，保存有例如每個表示巡迴次數的
「STEP」之「實施內容」的資訊或鎖緊的「順序」的資訊等。圖7所示的鎖緊指示資訊表40的「STEP」是依進行鎖緊的螺栓6的數量來決定，例如巡迴次數S=10[次]，亦即，針對8[支]螺栓6及螺帽8以規定的順序分成10[次]來鎖緊。在此鎖緊指示中，例如在STEP3與STEP7中算出扭矩係數，並進行與鎖緊處的狀態相因應的扭矩係數之補正。
This locking instruction information table 40 is an example of a table storing the processing contents of sealing construction management, and is stored in the
在「實施內容」的資訊中，除了儲存有例如鎖緊扭矩值或扭矩係數的值之外，還包含有檢測到的軸力的接收指示及扭矩係數的算出指示等。 The information of "implementation details" includes, for example, storage of a locking torque value or a value of a torque coefficient, an instruction to receive a detected axial force, an instruction to calculate a torque coefficient, and the like.
在「順序」的資訊中，保存有鎖緊螺栓6及螺帽8的手法。
The method of tightening the
<軸力的檢測結果> <Measurement result of axial force>
圖8是顯示軸力的檢測結果之一例。 Fig. 8 shows an example of detection results of axial force.
在控制組件16中具備有資訊表，前述資訊表包含從軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n取得之各鎖緊處的軸力F的值。圖8所示的資訊表是算出例如扭矩係數k的補正值之巡迴次數(S)中之軸力的檢測及鎖緊扭矩值或扭矩係數的算出結果，並且儲存有設定於鎖緊工具14的鎖緊扭矩值T1、作用於螺栓6或螺帽8的設定軸力Fx、檢測軸力F、補正前的扭矩係數k1、補正扭矩係數k2、補正扭矩值T’等。
An information table is provided in the
鎖緊扭矩值T1是利用以此巡迴次數設定的設定軸力Fx、扭矩係數k1，而根據已提過的數式(1)來算出的值。例如在密封施工管理處理方面，控制組件16會將設定軸力Fx與以鎖緊扭矩值T1鎖緊時的軸力F作比較，並且在這些
值並非一致或相對於設定軸力Fx並非在規定的範圍之情況下，算出補正扭矩係數k2。
The tightening torque value T1 is a value calculated from the above-mentioned formula (1) using the set axial force Fx and the torque coefficient k1 set at this number of rounds. For example, in terms of sealing construction management, the
並且，控制組件16會針對軸力的比較結果，設定在下一個巡迴次數中設定於鎖緊工具14的補正扭矩值T’。
Furthermore, the
再者，資訊表亦可例如按每個鎖緊巡迴次數來製作，或亦可僅在進行扭矩係數的補正的巡迴次數(S)時製作。 In addition, the information table may be created, for example, for every number of times of tightening rounds, or may be created only for the number of rounds (S) for correcting the torque coefficient.
<扭矩係數的算出結果> <Calculation result of torque coefficient>
圖9是顯示扭矩係數的算出結果之一例。 FIG. 9 shows an example of the calculation results of the torque coefficient.
例如圖9所示，控制組件16是以扭矩係數的算出處理為契機，生成與鎖緊處建立關連的扭矩係數顯示畫面。此扭矩係數顯示畫面可顯示於例如未圖示的控制組件16的顯示部，或亦可利用通訊或外部記憶體等而顯示於管理者用的終端裝置。
For example, as shown in FIG. 9 , the
藉由生成這樣的扭矩係數顯示畫面，作業人員或作業管理者即可容易地掌握每個鎖緊處的扭矩係數的偏差狀態。 By creating such a torque coefficient display screen, an operator or an operation manager can easily grasp the deviation state of the torque coefficient for each locking point.
<密封施工管理處理> <Sealing construction management processing>
圖10是顯示密封施工管理處理例。圖10所示的處理順序、處理內容只是本發明的密封施工管理方法或密封施工管理程式之一例，本發明並不限定於這樣的內容。 Fig. 10 shows an example of sealing construction management processing. The processing procedure and processing content shown in FIG. 10 are just an example of the sealing construction management method or the sealing construction management program of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to such contents.
在密封施工管理處理中，會進行控制組件16的初始設定(S11)，並且進行鎖緊工具14的設定(S12)。在這些設定步驟中，包含藉由設定好的扭矩係數k1或設定軸力Fx而進行之每個巡迴次數的鎖緊扭矩值T1的算出、或透過鎖緊條
件設定部32對鎖緊工具14的輸入處理等。
In the sealing construction management process, the initial setting of the
控制組件16會取得各軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n檢測到的軸力的檢測結果F(S13)，並且確認鎖緊處P及巡迴次數(S)(S14)。在確認處理中，是以例如位於鎖緊處P1~P8之8處的8支螺栓6的編號與檢測軸力的變化來特定出各鎖緊處P。巡迴次數(S)是以例如8處的螺栓6的鎖緊為單位，且以相同的螺栓6的鎖緊巡迴一次的次數來特定。
The
控制組件16會判斷巡迴次數(S)是否已成為扭矩係數的算出步驟(S15)，在算出步驟的情況下(S15的「是」)，則進行檢測軸力F與設定軸力Fx的對比、及每個螺栓6的補正扭矩係數k2的算出(S16)。又，控制組件16會將已算出的補正扭矩係數k2按每個螺栓6來建立關連(S17)，並且在下次的鎖緊扭矩值T的算出中，利用已建立關連的螺栓係數k2。
The
控制組件16在已判斷巡迴次數(S)並非扭矩係數的算出步驟的情況下(S15的「否」)，則返回S12，加計巡迴次數(S)並設定與巡迴次數(S)相因應的軸力F或鎖緊扭矩值，來進行鎖緊處理。
In the case where the
<第2實施形態的效果> <Effect of the second embodiment>
根據這樣的構成，可得到如下的效果。 According to such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1)設定與巡迴次數(S)相因應的鎖緊扭矩值，並且藉由檢測到的軸力F來監視鎖緊狀態，並補正鎖緊扭矩值，藉此即可防止每個鎖緊處的鎖緊狀態之偏差。 (1) Set the locking torque value corresponding to the number of rounds (S), and monitor the locking state by the detected axial force F, and correct the locking torque value, so that each locking position can be prevented The deviation of the locked state.
(2)針對因應於巡迴次數(S)或鎖緊處而連續地或分階
段地變更的鎖緊扭矩來補正扭矩係數k，藉此即可使螺栓6的軸力F符合設定軸力Fx，而可以實現有信賴性的密封施工。
(2) Continuously or step by step according to the number of rounds (S) or locking
The torque coefficient k is corrected by changing the tightening torque step by step, so that the axial force F of the
(3)鎖緊處的巡迴可以進行不僅是依照螺栓編號順序的鎖緊，還有跳過了螺栓編號之各種形態下的鎖緊，無論利用哪一種鎖緊巡迴都可以迅速地進行適當的密封施工。 (3) The tour of the locking place can not only be locked according to the sequence of the bolt number, but also can be locked in various forms skipping the bolt number. No matter which kind of locking tour is used, it can quickly perform proper sealing construction.
[第3實施形態] [third embodiment]
圖11是顯示第3實施形態之密封施工管理系統之構成例。圖11所示的構成只是一例，本發明並非限定於這樣的構成。在圖11中，對於與圖1及圖5相同的構成，是附上相同的符號。 Fig. 11 shows a configuration example of a sealing construction management system according to a third embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 11 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. In FIG. 11 , the same reference numerals are attached to the same configurations as those in FIGS. 1 and 5 .
此密封施工管理系統50具有鎖緊工具14、控制器52、及伺服器54。由於鎖緊工具14和已提過的構成是同樣的，因此省去其說明。
The sealing
控制器52與鎖緊工具14是以纜線55來連接。又，控制器52與鎖緊工具14亦可藉由例如Wi-Fi或紅外線通訊等來連接。控制器52是針對例如鎖緊工具14設定鎖緊扭矩值T等，並且具備管理鎖緊狀態的控制組件或鎖緊條件設定部的功能之電腦，可單獨或與伺服器54連線而進行動作。在此控制器52中，在例如前面面板部56具有複數個輸入操作部58或顯示部60。
The
此控制器52是藉由電腦處理來實現如以下的功能或效果。
The
a.因應於鎖緊處的巡迴次數(S)或鎖緊處P，來算出或
選定賦與於螺栓6或螺帽8的扭矩值T。
a. Calculate or
The torque value T applied to the
b.對鎖緊工具14進行扭力值T的設定。
b. Set the torque value T for the
c.因應於巡迴次數(S)或鎖緊處P而分階段地或連續地進行鎖緊工具14的輸出扭矩T的變更。
c. Change the output torque T of the
d.從伺服器54進行鎖緊管理資訊的取得。
d. Obtain locking management information from the
e.凸緣10-1、10-2的凸緣資訊的取得。 e. Acquisition of flange information of flanges 10-1 and 10-2.
f.墊片12的墊片資訊的取得。
f. Obtaining the gasket information of the
g.墊片資訊的對照。 g. Comparison of gasket information.
h.從鎖緊條件資訊進行鎖緊條件的選定，並進行對鎖緊工具14的輸入。
h. Select the locking condition from the locking condition information and input the
i.從軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...18-n進行鎖緊結果的取得。 i. Obtain the locking results from the axial force sensors 18-1, 18-2, . . . 18-n.
j.鎖緊結果資訊的提示。 j. Prompt for locking result information.
k.根據鎖緊結果進行扭矩係數及鎖緊扭矩的補正。 k. Correct the torque coefficient and locking torque according to the locking result.
l.鎖緊結果的評價資訊的提示。 l. A reminder of the evaluation information of the locking result.
此控制器52是以作為虛線表示的通訊媒體62而以有線或無線方式與伺服器54連線。伺服器54是支援控制器52的資訊處理、或管理其資訊處理的電腦，且只要使用例如個人電腦即可。此伺服器54具有例如處理部64、輸入操作部66及螢幕68。
The
<鎖緊工具14>
<Locking
圖12之A是顯示鎖緊工具14之構成例。
A of FIG. 12 shows a configuration example of the
此鎖緊工具14具有例如控制部70、馬達72、及扭矩感測器74。
This tightening
在控制部70中配備有電腦及馬達驅動部，且可由控制器52提供鎖緊扭矩值T1、T2等之控制資訊。馬達72是因應於鎖緊扭矩值T1、T2等之控制資訊而驅動，並可在觸發開關26的導通時，將驅動電流供給至馬達72。馬達72的旋轉會傳達到已安裝於旋轉軸76的套座24，而對已嵌合在此套座24的螺帽8施加鎖緊扭矩值T。旋轉軸76亦可具備齒輪機構，並以所期望的齒輪比來使馬達72的旋轉力傳達至套座24。
The
扭矩感測器74是從馬達72或旋轉軸76檢測鎖緊扭矩值T，且該檢測的扭矩值會被接收至控制部70。此扭矩感測器74只要可檢測螺栓6及螺帽8的鎖緊扭矩即可，亦可配置於鎖緊工具14的外部。
The
圖12之B是顯示具備軸力感測器18的螺栓6之一例。只要於各螺栓6設置軸力感測器18，並檢測施加於各螺栓6的軸力F，即可以測定鎖緊工具14的鎖緊扭矩值、及其鎖緊扭矩值的增加或減少。軸力感測器18只要使用例如應變感測器即可。
B of FIG. 12 shows an example of the
<控制器52>
<
圖13之A是顯示控制器52之構成例。
A of FIG. 13 is a configuration example of the
控制器52是鎖緊工具14的控制組件，並且是密封鎖緊的密封施工管理裝置之一例。
The
此控制器52是以例如電腦所構成，且具有處理器80、儲存部82、輸入輸出部(I/O)84、輸入操作部58、通訊部86及顯示部60。
This
處理器80是處理組件之一例，且會進行位於儲存部82的OS(作業系統，Operating System)或密封施工管理程式等之資訊處理。在此資訊處理中包含下述控制：從伺服器54進行鎖緊條件資訊的取得、對鎖緊工具14進行包含鎖緊扭矩值T的鎖緊條件的輸入、從鎖緊工具14進行鎖緊扭矩值的檢測結果的取得、鎖緊狀態的監視及評價、評價結果的顯示、及鎖緊結果資訊的輸出等。
The
儲存部82是用於OS、密封施工管理程式、鎖緊條件資訊、檢測資訊等之儲存，且具備ROM(唯讀記憶體，Read Only Memory)及RAM(隨機存取記憶體，Random Access Memory)。在此儲存部82中只要利用可保持儲存內容的儲存元件即可。
The
I/O84是藉由處理器80來控制，且用於控制資訊的輸入輸出。在此I/O84中，亦可連接例如條碼讀取器88或可裝卸的外部記憶體90來作為外部機器。條碼讀取器88是資訊取得部之一例。外部記憶體90是記錄資訊(log information)的取出記憶體，只要使用例如USB(通用串列匯流排，Universal Serial Bus)記憶體即可。
The I/
輸入操作部58具備有鍵開關(key switch)或觸控感測器等，且可用於輸入資訊的輸入契機、輸出資訊的取出契機、及模式切換等。
The
通訊部86是藉由處理器80來控制，且可用於與伺服器54等外部機器的無線連接或網際網路連接。
The
顯示部60是藉由處理器80來控制，且是輸入資訊或輸
出資訊的提示組件之一例。在此顯示部60上亦可具備例如綠色燈具92-1、紅色燈具92-2等來作為狀態資訊的顯示組件，且只要在正常時使綠色燈具92-1亮燈，在異常時使紅色燈具92-2亮燈即可。
The
圖13之B是顯示儲存部82的儲存內容之一例。
B of FIG. 13 shows an example of storage contents of the
在此儲存部82中具有暫時儲存區域94-1、儲存區域94-2。在暫時儲存區域94-1中暫時地保存有例如施工對象之凸緣資訊100、墊片資訊102、作業人員資訊104、從鎖緊工具14取得的鎖緊結果資訊106等。
The
在儲存區域94-2中建構有例如鎖緊指示資訊表40等之資料庫。 A database such as the locking instruction information table 40 is constructed in the storage area 94-2.
<伺服器54>
<
圖14是顯示伺服器54之構成例。
FIG. 14 shows an example of the configuration of the
伺服器54是控制器52的支援裝置，且是記錄資訊的提示組件之一例。在伺服器54中，例如作為處理部110而具備有處理器112、儲存部114、輸入輸出部(I/O)116、通訊部118，且可連接已提過的輸入操作部66及螢幕68。
The
處理器112是進行位於儲存部114的OS或密封施工管理程式等之資訊處理。在此資訊處理中包含下述處理：對控制器52進行鎖緊條件資訊的提供、從控制器52進行表示鎖緊結果的資訊的取得、該鎖緊結果資訊的提示等。
The
儲存部114是用於OS、密封施工管理程式、鎖緊條件資訊、記錄資訊等之儲存，且具有ROM及RAM。
在此儲存部114中只要利用可保持儲存內容的硬碟或半導體記憶體等之儲存裝置即可。
The
I/O116是藉由處理器112來控制，且用於控制資訊的輸入輸出。在此I/O116中連接有例如外部記憶體122來作為外部機器。通訊部118是用於例如藉由無線所進行之與控制器52等的連接。
The I/
通訊部118是藉由處理器112來控制，且是用在伺服器54與鎖緊工具14、控制器52等之外部機器的無線連接、或網際網路連接上。
The
輸入操作部66除了用於輸入資訊的輸入操作之外，還可藉由輸入操作而用於輸出資訊的取出契機、模式切換操作等。
The
螢幕68是資訊提示部、顯示部之一例，用於例如鎖緊指示資訊表40或鎖緊結果等的顯示。亦可構成為在此螢幕68的畫面顯示部具備觸控面板120，以取代輸入操作部66而進行與顯示資訊相對應的輸入資訊之輸入。
The
<鎖緊結果> <lock result>
圖15是顯示鎖緊結果之一例。 Fig. 15 shows an example of locking results.
例如圖15之A所示，在控制器52的顯示部60或伺服器54的螢幕68中，顯示有模擬密封施工部4的鎖緊處P1、P2...、Pn的鎖緊結果之畫面。此鎖緊結果的畫面是將控制器52或伺服器54之任一者或兩者從軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n取得的檢測結果(圖15之B)的資訊、及鎖緊工具14的鎖緊處或巡迴次數(S)的資訊等組合來生成
的。
For example, as shown in A of FIG. 15 , on the
在鎖緊結果的畫面中，例如針對各個鎖緊處，顯示有鎖緊的目標軸力與按每個巡迴次數(S)的鎖緊力。亦即，在此鎖緊結果的畫面中，連同鎖緊處彼此的軸力之偏差，還一併顯示按每個巡迴次數(S)的鎖緊力之轉變。 On the screen of the locking result, for example, for each locking point, the target axial force of locking and the locking force for each number of rounds (S) are displayed. That is to say, in this locking result screen, together with the deviation of the axial force between the locked places, the change of the locking force for each number of rounds (S) is also displayed.
又，例如圖15之B所示，在控制器52的暫時儲存區域94-1或伺服器54的儲存部114中，保存有檢測資料來作為檢測結果，前述檢測資料包含按每個STEP，亦即每個巡迴次數(S)的螺栓6之軸力F。
Also, for example, as shown in B of FIG. 15 , in the temporary storage area 94-1 of the
此檢測結果是顯示例如STEP1~6的鎖緊結果，且藉由鎖緊的步驟進一步地進行，檢測資料便會增加下去。又，在此密封施工管理中，例如和第2實施形態同樣地，根據STEP3的檢測結果來執行扭矩係數的補正處理。並且，在此扭矩係數的補正後，當鎖緊的巡迴次數(S)推進後，STEP6的階段中之各螺栓的軸力的檢測結果會變成幾乎同等的值。藉此即顯示了以沒有偏差的軸力來對凸緣10-1、10-2面進行密封施工的情形。 This detection result shows the locking results of STEP1~6, for example, and the detection data will increase through the further steps of locking. In addition, in this sealing construction management, for example, similar to the second embodiment, correction processing of the torque coefficient is performed based on the detection result of STEP3. And, after the correction of the torque coefficient, the detection results of the axial force of each bolt in the stage of STEP6 will become almost the same value as the number of rounds of locking (S) increases. This shows how the surfaces of the flanges 10-1 and 10-2 are sealed with an axial force without deviation.
<密封施工管理的處理序列> <Processing sequence of sealing construction management>
圖16是顯示由密封施工管理系統50所進行之密封施工管理的處理序列。
FIG. 16 shows a processing sequence of sealing construction management performed by the sealing
在密封施工處理中，會由鎖緊工具14進行初始設定(S31)，並且由控制器52進行初始設定(S32)。在此初始設定之後，使控制器52與伺服器54連線，控制器52會接收由伺服器54所提供之包含扭矩係數k1等的鎖緊條件資訊
(S33)。控制器52是藉由鎖緊指示資訊表40的取得來接收鎖緊條件資訊。
In the sealing construction process, initial setting is performed by the locking tool 14 (S31), and initial setting is performed by the controller 52 (S32). After this initial setting, connect the
已取得此鎖緊條件資訊的控制器52會設定與事先選定的凸緣10-1、10-2及墊片12相對應的鎖緊條件(S34)。又，控制器52會進行巡迴次數S或鎖緊位置P的設定(S35)、或是利用了扭矩係數k1或設定軸力Fx之鎖緊扭矩值T1的算出(S36)。在事先保存有鎖緊扭矩值T1的候補之情況下，只要選定此已保存的鎖緊扭矩值T1的1個即可。
The
經過鎖緊的準備處理後，控制器52會對鎖緊工具14設定鎖緊扭矩值T1(S37)。
After the preparation process for locking, the
然後，施工人員會藉由鎖緊工具14，將鎖緊扭矩賦與於鎖緊處的螺栓6或螺帽8來進行鎖緊(S38)。各軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n會進行各鎖緊處P的螺栓6的軸力之檢測(S39)，並且該等檢測軸力F會被接收至控制器52(S40)。
Then, the construction personnel will use the
控制器52會利用各檢測軸力且由鎖緊處P的巡迴次數S或鎖緊處P的資訊來判斷鎖緊作業是否完成(S41)。亦即，控制器52在例如鎖緊處P=8的情況下，會由8支螺栓6的編號與軸力的變化來特定出是鎖緊處P1~P8的哪一個。控制器52是以從鎖緊處P1~P8選擇的複數個螺栓6的鎖緊為單位，將已選擇的螺栓巡迴一次的次數設為巡迴次數S=1。並且，如已提過的內容，巡迴次數S可以特定S=0至n。
The
控制器52在已判斷鎖緊作業未完成的情況
下(S41的「否」)，會判斷是否為扭矩係數k的算出步驟(巡迴次數)(S42)。為算出步驟的情況下(S42的「是」)，控制器52會判斷檢測軸力與設定軸力是否不同(S43)。
When the
在不是扭矩係數k的算出步驟的情況下(S42的「否」)，且，在檢測軸力與設定軸力並無不同的情況下(S43的「否」)，返回S35來繼續鎖緊作業。 If it is not the calculation step of the torque coefficient k ("No" in S42), and if there is no difference between the detected axial force and the set axial force ("No" in S43), return to S35 to continue the locking operation .
此時，在控制器52中，例如會加計巡迴次數(S)，並且算出與下一個巡迴次數相對應的鎖緊扭矩值T。藉此，因應於鎖緊處P或巡迴次數S而分階段地或連續地變更、設定輸出扭矩T。
At this time, in the
控制器52在已判斷檢測軸力與設定軸力不同的情況下(S43的「是」)，作為鎖緊扭矩值的補正處理，會算出利用了軸力的檢測結果之補正扭矩係數k2(S44)。並且，控制器52會設定包含補正扭矩係數k2之新的鎖緊條件(S45)，並且返回S35來繼續鎖緊處理。
When the
控制器52在根據巡迴次數S的計數值而判斷鎖緊完成的情況下(S41的「是」)，會成為鎖緊結束(S46)，並且將鎖緊完成指示輸入至鎖緊工具14而完成鎖緊。此鎖緊完成只要利用例如螢幕68來提示即可。控制器52會將鎖緊結果資訊通知給伺服器54。然後，在伺服器54中會進行鎖緊結果資訊的顯示(S47)。
When the
再者，雖然控制器52是判斷巡迴次數(S)的計數來作為鎖緊是否完成的判斷，但並不限定於此。控制器52亦可針對例如從軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n
取得的檢測結果，在判斷出軸力有偏差、未達到目標軸力或是不在規定的範圍內之情況下，更進一步地重複再上緊處理。
Furthermore, although the
<第3實施形態的效果> <Effect of the third embodiment>
根據這樣的構成，可得到如下的效果。 According to such a configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1)由於可自動地選擇扭矩係數k或鎖緊扭矩值T等之鎖緊條件，因此無須強制作業人員進行鎖緊條件的管理，而能夠由鎖緊條件設定來減輕作業人員的負擔。可以避免抑賴於作業人員的經驗或直覺之鎖緊條件的設定，並且防止設定失誤或鎖緊失誤。 (1) Since the locking conditions such as the torque coefficient k and the locking torque value T can be automatically selected, it is not necessary to force the operator to manage the locking conditions, and the burden on the operator can be reduced by setting the locking conditions. It is possible to avoid the setting of locking conditions that depend on the operator's experience or intuition, and to prevent setting errors or locking errors.
(2)由於可以將此鎖緊條件從伺服器54個別且具體地提供至控制器52，因此可以實現精細的鎖緊結果。可以根據軸力的檢測結果來進行扭矩係數k的補正或鎖緊扭矩值的設定等之精確度高的密封施工管理。
(2) Since this locking condition can be individually and specifically supplied from the
(3)藉由可進行鎖緊管理的鎖緊工具、及利用了電腦的資訊處理，即可以實現密封施工的自動化、高精確度化、簡單化、高效率化，且可以進行不依賴作業人員的經驗或直覺之信賴性高的密封施工。 (3) With locking tools that can be used for locking management and information processing using computers, automation, high precision, simplification, and high efficiency of sealing construction can be realized, and it can be carried out without relying on operators Highly reliable sealing construction based on experience or intuition.
[第4實施形態] [Fourth Embodiment]
圖17是顯示第4實施形態之密封施工管理裝置之一例。 Fig. 17 shows an example of a sealing construction management device according to a fourth embodiment.
此密封施工管理裝置130具有鎖緊工具132與控制組件134。鎖緊工具132為例如扭矩扳手或手持鎖緊機等，並且具備可生成設定好的鎖緊扭矩值之齒輪單元136。
The sealing
在此齒輪單元136中，設置有結合於例如螺帽8的套座138。又，齒輪單元136具有資訊取得單元140，前述資訊取得單元140可取得螺栓6或螺帽8的識別資訊及鎖緊處資訊。此資訊取得單元140是由例如接收天線、接收部、訊號轉換部、發送部、及發送天線等所構成。並且，資訊取得單元140會接收已設置於螺栓6或螺帽8等之未圖示的標籤資訊，並且由此標籤資訊取得ID(Identification，識別)等之識別資訊。並且，以訊號轉換部將此識別資訊轉換成發送訊號，並透過發送部發送至控制組件134側。此發送訊號的發送是利用例如近距離無線通訊。
In this
控制組件134具有例如通訊部142、處理部144、儲存部146、及資訊提示部148。
The
通訊部142是與設置於鎖緊工具132的資訊取得單元140通訊，以接收螺栓6或螺帽8的識別資訊。
The
處理部144除了透過通訊部142而在與資訊取得單元140之間進行識別資訊等的發送接收之外，還會進行鎖緊扭矩值的設定處理、扭矩係數的算出處理等。
The
儲存部146除了保存有例如螺栓6或螺帽8的識別資訊、鎖緊位置資訊，且除了鎖緊順序或鎖緊扭矩值的算出資訊、扭矩係數的算出資訊之外，還會保存從設置於每個未圖示之鎖緊處的軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...、18-n(圖1)接收的軸力資訊等。
The storage unit 146 saves, for example, the identification information of the
資訊提示部148是顯示下述資訊之組件的一例，除了顯示設定於鎖緊工具132的鎖緊扭矩值資訊或扭矩係數資
訊、已補正的扭矩係數資訊、檢測到的軸力資訊等之外，還會在鎖緊步驟中，顯示鎖緊位置的指示資訊等。
The
針對鎖緊步驟中之軸力的檢測處理、扭矩係數的算出處理、鎖緊扭矩值的補正處理，如已提過的實施形態所示，故省略說明。 The detection processing of the axial force, the calculation processing of the torque coefficient, and the correction processing of the locking torque value in the locking step are as described in the above-mentioned embodiments, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.
<第4實施形態的效果> <Effect of the fourth embodiment>
根據這樣的構成，可以期待如下的效果。 According to such a configuration, the following effects can be expected.
(1)可以進行與每個鎖緊處相對應的鎖緊扭矩值下的鎖緊，並且可以利用螺栓6或螺帽8的識別資訊，來容易地進行鎖緊處的管理。
(1) Locking can be performed at a tightening torque value corresponding to each locking point, and the locking point can be easily managed by using the identification information of the
(2)藉由以螺栓6或螺帽8的識別資訊所進行之鎖緊處的管理，即使在發生了作業順序等之失誤的情況下，仍然可以藉由透過資訊提示部148進行導引顯示，誘導作業人員進行適當的作業，因此可以提高密封施工管理的信賴性。
(2) Through the management of the locking place based on the identification information of the
[比較例] [comparative example]
圖18是顯示凸緣的密封施工管理處理之比較例。 Fig. 18 is a comparative example showing the sealing construction management process of the flange.
在圖18所示的密封施工管理處理中，例如和上述第2實施形態及第3實施形態同樣地，針對凸緣10-1、10-2進行鎖緊8支螺栓6與螺帽8的處理。此鎖緊處理是在設定於鎖緊工具14的鎖緊扭矩值T的出算處理中，維持0.2的值來作為事先設定的扭矩係數k之情況。並且，因應於巡迴次數，使鎖緊扭矩值T分階段地增加。
In the sealing construction management process shown in FIG. 18, for example, the process of tightening the eight
如圖18之A所示，由此鎖緊處理的結果可知，鎖緊位 置P6的軸力總是比其他鎖緊位置有較大的軸力F在作用。並且，在巡迴次數即STEP6中，只有鎖緊位置P6達到目標軸力，相對於此，其他鎖緊處並未達到目標軸力。 As shown in A of Figure 18, it can be seen from the results of the locking process that the locking position The axial force at position P6 always has a larger axial force F than other locking positions. In addition, in STEP6, which is the number of rounds, only the locked position P6 reaches the target axial force, while other locked positions do not reach the target axial force.
如圖18之B所示，軸力感測器18-1、18-2、...18-8檢測到的軸力在STEP6的階段中，變成在各螺栓6間有較大的偏差之結果。將這些軸力值作比較後，偏差的最大值約為28[%]，而平均成為14[%]之值。產生了像這種偏差之情況下，由於力並未均等地作用在凸緣10-1、10-2間，因此會有發生只有一部分的鎖緊位置作用，也就是所謂的不均勻鎖緊，或在其他螺栓6及螺帽8發生鬆動的疑慮。因此，在鎖緊處理中，會變成例如一邊監視全部的螺栓6的軸力，一邊進行重新上緊或再上緊。在螺栓6及螺帽8對凸緣10-1、10-2的鎖緊中，如發明的課題所述，因彈性相互作用的影響，會受到其他螺栓的鎖緊發生鬆動等之影響，因此鎖緊後的軸力調整將會導致作業負荷的增加。
As shown in B of FIG. 18 , the axial force detected by the axial force sensors 18-1, 18-2, ... 18-8 becomes between the
相對於此，如本發明所述，在鎖緊步驟中進行與鎖緊處相對應的扭矩係數的補正處理，藉此就不會產生螺栓6間的鎖緊狀態的偏差所造成的影響，或是可抑制該影響，因此會變得有效率且作業負荷變少，並且變得可進行鎖緊狀態穩定的密封施工管理。
On the other hand, as described in the present invention, the correction process of the torque coefficient corresponding to the locked position is performed in the locking step, so that the influence caused by the deviation of the locked state between the
[其他的實施形態] [other embodiments]
(1)在上述實施形態中，雖然顯示了使用具備處理器等的手持鎖緊機來作為鎖緊工具14之情況，但並不限於此。鎖緊工具14亦可使用例如能以手動方式設定鎖緊
扭矩的扭矩扳手。又，鎖緊工具14只要是大型的組裝裝置，且是具有進行螺栓的鎖緊之鎖緊臂部，並且可進行針對製品的鎖緊處之掌握或檢測由鎖緊所造成的軸力之裝置即可。
(1) In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the case where the hand-held locking machine provided with the processor etc. were used as the
(2)在上述實施形態中，雖然顯示了在螺栓本身設置有軸力感測器，來作為檢測作用於鎖緊處的軸力之組件，但並不限於此。在密封施工管理處理中，亦可針對例如已鎖緊的螺栓6，利用超音波感測器等之檢測機器來檢測軸力，並且利用此檢測結果來算出扭矩係數。
(2) In the above embodiments, although it is shown that an axial force sensor is provided on the bolt itself as a component for detecting the axial force acting on the locking part, it is not limited thereto. In the seal construction management process, for example, for the
(3)控制器52亦可使用例如智慧型手機等之手持資訊終端。
(3) The
(4)在上述實施形態中，雖然顯示了將控制器52及伺服器54連線於一個鎖緊工具14的例子，但並不限於此。亦可將控制器52及伺服器54連線於複數個鎖緊工具14，且亦可在複數個控制器52中具備單一的伺服器54。
(4) In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the example in which the
如以上所說明，針對本發明之最佳實施形態或實施例進行了說明。本發明並非限定於上述記載之發明。在本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者中，可根據申請專利範圍所記載、或用來實施發明的形態或實施例所揭示之發明的主旨，而進行各種變形或變更。這樣的變形或變更當然也包含在本發明的範圍內。 As described above, the best mode or examples of the present invention have been described. The present invention is not limited to the invention described above. Those who have ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can make various modifications or changes according to the gist of the invention described in the scope of claims, or disclosed in the form or embodiment for implementing the invention. Such modifications and changes are of course also included in the scope of the present invention.
本發明之密封施工管理方法、密封施工管理裝置、密封施工管理程式、密封施工管理系統是利用可進 行鎖緊管理的鎖緊工具且藉由利用了電腦的資訊處理，而利用在鎖緊步驟檢測到的軸力來進行扭矩係數的補正處理，藉此即可設定與鎖緊處的狀態相因應的鎖緊扭矩值，並且可以進行針對凸緣的鎖緊狀態的穩定化及必要的軸力下的鎖緊處理，故是有益的。 The sealing construction management method, the sealing construction management device, the sealing construction management program, and the sealing construction management system of the present invention can be further utilized. The locking tool that performs locking management and uses the information processing of the computer to use the axial force detected in the locking step to correct the torque coefficient, so that it can be set to correspond to the state of the locking place It is beneficial to stabilize the locked state of the flange and perform the locking process under the necessary axial force.
2:密封施工管理裝置 2: Sealed construction management device
4:密封施工部 4: Sealing construction department
10-1、10-2:凸緣 10-1, 10-2: flange
12:墊片 12: Gasket
14:鎖緊工具 14:Locking tool
16:控制組件 16: Control components
18-1~18-n:軸力感測器 18-1~18-n: Axial force sensor
20:裝置本體 20: Device body
22:握柄 22: handle
24:套座 24: Set seat
26:觸發開關 26: Trigger switch
F:軸力 F: axial force
k1:扭矩係數 k1: torque coefficient
T1:鎖緊扭矩值 T1: Locking torque value
Claims (10)
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| JP2018062039 | 2018-03-28 | ||
| JP2018-062039 | 2018-03-28 |
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| JP (1) | JP7354093B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102641050B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111902243B (en) |
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| JP7113807B2 (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-08-05 | ニチアス株式会社 | Flange joint fastening process learning method and flange joint fastening process learning system |
| CN113048014B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2023-03-31 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Blade root bolt fastening control system and control method of wind generating set |
| JP7295197B2 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2023-06-20 | ニチアス株式会社 | Flange bolt tightening training method, flange bolt tightening training program, and device having a computer-readable recording medium recording the same |
| WO2023133612A1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-20 | Integrity Engineering Solutions Pty Ltd | System for assembly of flanged joints |
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- 2019-03-27 JP JP2020510982A patent/JP7354093B2/en active Active
- 2019-03-27 SG SG11202007932PA patent/SG11202007932PA/en unknown
- 2019-03-27 KR KR1020207023307A patent/KR102641050B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2019-03-27 CN CN201980021775.8A patent/CN111902243B/en active Active
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| JPS6060525A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-04-08 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Measuring device for torque coefficient |
| JPH05107310A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1993-04-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electronic circuit measuring device |
| TW330169B (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1998-04-21 | Fujikin Kk | A method of tightening threaded members |
| JP2017161388A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | 日本バルカー工業株式会社 | Construction monitoring device of seal material, construction monitoring program, construction monitoring method, construction monitoring system and construction training system |
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| JPWO2019189291A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
| KR20200135306A (en) | 2020-12-02 |
| CN111902243B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
| CN111902243A (en) | 2020-11-06 |
| SG11202007932PA (en) | 2020-09-29 |
| KR102641050B1 (en) | 2024-02-27 |
| WO2019189291A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
| JP7354093B2 (en) | 2023-10-02 |
| TW201942507A (en) | 2019-11-01 |
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