TWI788254B - Power supply system having battery packs connected in series - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本發明涉及電池組,特別是涉及一種串聯電池組的供電系統。The invention relates to a battery pack, in particular to a power supply system for a battery pack connected in series.
不斷電系統(Uninterruptible Power System,UPS)通常會採用多個電池組的串聯電路。相互串聯的電池組數量增加,可增加系統整體電壓。由於不同電池組的來源不同,電池組彼此電壓可能不同,例如可能有部分的電池組飽電,但其他電池組可能為未飽電。再者,即使全部電池組都飽電,這些電池組可能因不同材料特性(例如鋰三元/鋰鐵)或電池新舊不同,而具有不同電壓。An uninterruptible power system (Uninterruptible Power System, UPS) usually uses a series circuit of multiple battery packs. The increase in the number of battery packs connected in series increases the overall voltage of the system. Due to the different sources of different battery packs, the battery packs may have different voltages. For example, some battery packs may be fully charged, but other battery packs may not be fully charged. Furthermore, even if all battery packs are fully charged, these battery packs may have different voltages due to different material properties (such as lithium ternary/lithium iron) or the age of the battery.
當相互串接的多個電池組的電壓不同時,在多個電池組被充電的過程中,可能會有部分電池組先達充飽電壓而切斷充電迴路,使得其它未充飽電的電池組無法繼續充電,造成因部分電池組的電壓未飽電,導致整個供電系統的容量不足。When the voltages of multiple battery packs connected in series are different, during the charging process of multiple battery packs, some battery packs may reach the fully charged voltage first and cut off the charging circuit, so that other battery packs that are not fully charged Unable to continue charging, the voltage of some battery packs is not fully charged, resulting in insufficient capacity of the entire power supply system.
本發明所要解決的技術問題在於,針對現有技術的不足提供一種串聯電池組的供電系統,包含供電電路以及多個電池組。供電電路配置以供應充電電流。多個電池組依序排列並相互串聯。各電池組包含電池電路、放電電晶體、充電電晶體、旁路電路以及控制電路。電池電路包含相互串聯的多個電池。 放電電晶體的第一端連接放電電晶體的第一內部二極體的陽極。放電電晶體的第二端連接第一內部二極體的陰極。充電電晶體的第一端連接放電電晶體的第二端以及充電電晶體的第二內部二極體的陰極。充電電晶體的第二端連接第二內部二極體的陽極以及電池電路的正端。旁路電路的正輸入端連接第一內部二極體的陰極。旁路電路的負輸入端連接電池組的負端控制電路連接放電電晶體的控制端、充電電晶體的控制端以及旁路電路。控制電路配置以在電池電路未充飽電時,開啟放電電晶體以及充電電晶體但關閉旁路電路使該充電電流流過該電池電路而非流過該旁路電路。控制電路配置以在電池電路充飽電時,關閉充電電晶體但開啟旁路電路使充電電流流過旁路電路但不流過電池電路。多個電池組中的其中一電池組定義為末電池組。末電池組的旁路電路的輸出端以及電池電路的負端連接供電電路的輸入端,另一電池組的放電電晶體的第一端直接連接供電電路的輸出端。除了末電池組以外的其他各電池組,電池電路的負端以及旁路電路的輸出端連接下一電池組的放電電晶體的第一端和第一內部二極體的陽極。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power supply system for series-connected battery packs, which includes a power supply circuit and multiple battery packs. The power supply circuit is configured to supply charging current. Multiple battery packs are arranged in sequence and connected in series. Each battery pack includes a battery circuit, a discharge transistor, a charge transistor, a bypass circuit and a control circuit. A battery circuit consists of multiple batteries connected in series. The first end of the discharge transistor is connected to the anode of the first internal diode of the discharge transistor. The second end of the discharge transistor is connected to the cathode of the first internal diode. The first terminal of the charging transistor is connected to the second terminal of the discharging transistor and the cathode of the second internal diode of the charging transistor. The second terminal of the charging transistor is connected to the anode of the second internal diode and the positive terminal of the battery circuit. The positive input terminal of the bypass circuit is connected to the cathode of the first internal diode. The negative input terminal of the bypass circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack. The control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the discharge transistor, the control terminal of the charge transistor and the bypass circuit. The control circuit is configured to turn on the discharging transistor and the charging transistor but turn off the bypass circuit so that the charging current flows through the battery circuit instead of the bypass circuit when the battery circuit is not fully charged. The control circuit is configured to turn off the charging transistor but turn on the bypass circuit so that the charging current flows through the bypass circuit but not through the battery circuit when the battery circuit is fully charged. One of the battery packs is defined as the last battery pack. The output end of the bypass circuit of the last battery pack and the negative end of the battery circuit are connected to the input end of the power supply circuit, and the first end of the discharge transistor of the other battery pack is directly connected to the output end of the power supply circuit. For each battery group except the last battery group, the negative terminal of the battery circuit and the output terminal of the bypass circuit are connected to the first terminal of the discharge transistor of the next battery group and the anode of the first internal diode.
在一實施例中,各電池組的旁路電路包含電壓供應元件、變壓器、第一開關元件、第一二極體、第二二極體以及第二開關元件。變壓器具有第一側以及與第一側相對的第二側。變壓器的第一側的第一端連接第一內部二極體的陰極以及電壓供應元件的正端。第一開關元件的第一端連接變壓器的第一側的第二端。第一開關元件的第二端連接電壓供應元件的負端。第一開關元件的控制端連接控制電路。第一二極體的陽極連接變壓器的第二側的第一端。第二二極體的陽極連接第一二極體的陰極。第二二極體的陰極連接電池電路的正端。第二開關元件的第一端連接第二二極體的陽極。第二開關元件的第二端連接變壓器的第二側的第二端。第二開關元件的控制端連接控制電路。末電池組的第一開關元件的第二端以及第二開關元件的第二端連接供電電路的輸入端。在末電池組以外的其他各電池組內部,第一開關元件的第二端以及第二開關元件的第二端連接下一電池組的放電電晶體的第一端。In one embodiment, the bypass circuit of each battery pack includes a voltage supply element, a transformer, a first switch element, a first diode, a second diode, and a second switch element. The transformer has a first side and a second side opposite the first side. The first end of the first side of the transformer is connected to the cathode of the first internal diode and the positive end of the voltage supply element. The first end of the first switching element is connected to the second end of the first side of the transformer. The second end of the first switch element is connected to the negative end of the voltage supply element. The control end of the first switch element is connected to the control circuit. The anode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the second side of the transformer. The anode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the positive terminal of the battery circuit. The first end of the second switch element is connected to the anode of the second diode. The second end of the second switching element is connected to the second end of the second side of the transformer. The control end of the second switch element is connected to the control circuit. The second end of the first switch element and the second end of the second switch element of the last battery pack are connected to the input end of the power supply circuit. Inside each battery pack other than the last battery pack, the second end of the first switch element and the second end of the second switch element are connected to the first end of the discharge transistor of the next battery pack.
在一實施例中,各電池組的旁路電路更包含一電阻,電阻的第一端連接第一二極體的陰極,電阻的第二端連接變壓器的第二側的第二端。In one embodiment, the bypass circuit of each battery pack further includes a resistor, the first end of the resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the second end of the resistor is connected to the second end of the second side of the transformer.
在一實施例中,第一開關元件為電晶體。In one embodiment, the first switching element is a transistor.
在一實施例中,第二開關元件為電晶體。In one embodiment, the second switching element is a transistor.
在一實施例中,各電池組更包含偵測電路。偵測電路連接控制電路以及電池電路的負端。偵測電路配置以偵測電池電路輸出/入的電流量,控制電路據以控制放電電晶體、充電電晶體以及旁路電路。In one embodiment, each battery pack further includes a detection circuit. The detection circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the control circuit and the battery circuit. The detection circuit is configured to detect the output/input current of the battery circuit, and the control circuit controls the discharge transistor, the charge transistor and the bypass circuit accordingly.
在一實施例中,各電池組更包含感測電阻。感測電阻的第一端連接電池電路的負端以及偵測電路。感測電阻的第二端連接偵測電路。末電池組的感測電阻的第二端連接供電電路的輸入端,其他各電池組的感測電阻的第二端連接下一電池組的放電電晶體的第一端。In one embodiment, each battery pack further includes a sensing resistor. The first end of the sensing resistor is connected to the negative end of the battery circuit and the detection circuit. The second end of the sensing resistor is connected to the detection circuit. The second terminal of the sensing resistor of the last battery pack is connected to the input terminal of the power supply circuit, and the second terminals of the sensing resistors of the other battery packs are connected to the first terminal of the discharge transistor of the next battery pack.
如上所述,本發明提供一種串聯電池組的供電系統,其在相互串聯的多個電池組充電的過程中,部分電池組已充飽電時不再進行充電,但與這些飽電的電池組相互串聯的其他尚未充飽電的電池組仍可繼續充電,使得最後供電系統中的多個電池組皆可以充飽電,使得多個電池組彼此的電壓平衡/相近,使供電系統具足夠的容量。As mentioned above, the present invention provides a power supply system for battery packs connected in series. During the charging process of multiple battery packs connected in series, some of the battery packs will not be charged when they are fully charged. Other battery packs that have not been fully charged in series can still continue to charge, so that multiple battery packs in the final power supply system can be fully charged, so that the voltages of multiple battery packs are balanced/close to each other, so that the power supply system has sufficient capacity.
為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下有關本發明的詳細說明與圖式,然而所提供的圖式僅用於提供參考與說明,並非用來對本發明加以限制。In order to further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and drawings related to the present invention. However, the provided drawings are only for reference and description, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
以下是通過特定的具體實施例來說明本發明的實施方式,本領域技術人員可由本說明書所公開的內容瞭解本發明的優點與效果。本發明可通過其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用,本說明書中的各項細節也可基於不同觀點與應用,在不背離本發明的構思下進行各種修改與變更。另外,本發明的附圖僅為簡單示意說明,並非依實際尺寸的描繪,事先聲明。以下的實施方式將進一步詳細說明本發明的相關技術內容,但所公開的內容並非用以限制本發明的保護範圍。另外,本文中所使用的術語“或”,應視實際情況可能包含相關聯的列出項目中的任一個或者多個的組合。The implementation of the present invention is described below through specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the concept of the present invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are only for simple illustration, and are not drawn according to the actual size, which is stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the relevant technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the term "or" used herein may include any one or a combination of more of the associated listed items depending on the actual situation.
請參閱圖1和圖2,其中圖1為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的方塊圖;圖2為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的一個電池組內部的第一電路佈局圖。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, wherein Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the power supply system of the series battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the first circuit inside a battery pack of the power supply system of the series battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention Layout.
本發明實施例的供電系統可包含如圖1所示的多個電池組PA1~PAn以及供電電路10,其中n為大於1的任意適當整數值,代表電池組的數量,可取決於實際需求,本發明不以此為限。The power supply system in the embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of battery packs PA1~PAn and a
多個電池組PA1~PAn依序排列並相互串聯以形成一電池電路。供電電路10可連接此電池電路。供電電路10可供應充電電流IS至此電池電路,以對電池組PA1~PAn進行充電。A plurality of battery packs PA1˜PAn are arranged in sequence and connected in series to form a battery circuit. The
在本實施例中,舉例每個電池組PA2~PAn內部可具有與電池組PA1相同的電路元件配置,因此以下僅針對電池組PA1進行描述,相同內容不重複贅述。In this embodiment, for example, each of the battery packs PA2 ˜ PAn may have the same configuration of circuit components as the battery pack PA1 , so the following description is only for the battery pack PA1 , and the same content will not be repeated.
如圖2所示,電池組PA1可包含電池電路BST、放電電晶體F1、充電電晶體F2以及控制電路20。電池組PA1的電池電路BST可包含多個電池BY1~BYn,其中n為任意適當整數值,代表電池組PA1內的電池的數量,可取決於實際需求,本發明不以此為限。在電池組PA1內,多個電池BY1~BYn彼此相互串聯。As shown in FIG. 2 , the battery pack PA1 may include a battery circuit BST, a discharge transistor F1 , a charge transistor F2 and a
放電電晶體F1的第一端可連接放電電晶體F1的第一內部二極體DT的陽極。放電電晶體F1的第二端可連接第一內部二極體DT的陰極以及充電電晶體F2的第一端。The first terminal of the discharge transistor F1 can be connected to the anode of the first internal diode DT of the discharge transistor F1. The second terminal of the discharge transistor F1 can be connected to the cathode of the first internal diode DT and the first terminal of the charge transistor F2.
充電電晶體F2的第一端可連接充電電晶體F2的第二內部二極體CT的陰極。充電電晶體F2的第二端可連接第二內部二極體CT的陽極以及電池電路BST的正端(即電池BY1的正端)。The first terminal of the charging transistor F2 can be connected to the cathode of the second internal diode CT of the charging transistor F2. The second terminal of the charging transistor F2 can be connected to the anode of the second internal diode CT and the positive terminal of the battery circuit BST (ie, the positive terminal of the battery BY1).
值得注意的是,電池組PA1可包含旁路電路FL。旁路電路FL的正輸入端可連接第一內部二極體DT的陰極。旁路電路FL的負輸入端可連接電池組PA1的負端。控制電路20可連接放電電晶體F1的控制端、充電電晶體F2的控制端以及旁路電路FL。控制電路20可控制放電電晶體F1、充電電晶體F2與旁路電路FL運作。It should be noted that the battery pack PA1 may include a bypass circuit FL. The positive input terminal of the bypass circuit FL can be connected to the cathode of the first internal diode DT. The negative input terminal of the bypass circuit FL can be connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack PA1. The
舉例而言,電池組PA1的旁路電路FL可包含返馳式(Flyback)電路,其可包含電壓源S1作為電壓供應元件(或實務上替換為配置有多個電壓供應元件的供電電路)、變壓器ST、第一開關元件A1、第一二極體D1、第二二極體D2、第二開關元件B1以及電阻R,在此僅舉例說明,本發明不以此為限。For example, the bypass circuit FL of the battery pack PA1 may include a flyback (Flyback) circuit, which may include a voltage source S1 as a voltage supply element (or practically replaced by a power supply circuit configured with multiple voltage supply elements), The transformer ST, the first switching element A1 , the first diode D1 , the second diode D2 , the second switching element B1 , and the resistor R are just examples here, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
變壓器ST具有第一側以及與第一側相對的第二側。變壓器ST的第一側的第一端可連接第一內部二極體DT的陰極以及電壓源S1的正端。 變壓器ST的第一側的第二端可連接第一開關元件A1的第一端。第一開關元件A1的第二端可連接電壓源S1的負端。第一開關元件A1的控制端可連接控制電路20。此第一開關元件A1可為電晶體。The transformer ST has a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The first end of the first side of the transformer ST can be connected to the cathode of the first internal diode DT and the positive end of the voltage source S1. The second end of the first side of the transformer ST may be connected to the first end of the first switching element A1. The second end of the first switching element A1 can be connected to the negative end of the voltage source S1. The control terminal of the first switching element A1 can be connected to the
第一二極體D1的陽極可連接變壓器ST的第二側的第一端。第一二極體D1的陰極可連接第二二極體D2的陽極。第二二極體D2的陰極可連接至電池電路BST的正端(即電池BY1的正端)。The anode of the first diode D1 can be connected to the first end of the second side of the transformer ST. The cathode of the first diode D1 can be connected to the anode of the second diode D2. The cathode of the second diode D2 can be connected to the positive terminal of the battery circuit BST (ie the positive terminal of the battery BY1).
第二開關元件B1可為電晶體。第二開關元件B1的第一端可連接第二二極體D2的陽極。第二開關元件B1的第二端可連接變壓器ST的第二側的第二端、電池電路BST的電池BYn的負端以及第一開關元件A1的第二端。第二開關元件B1的控制端可連接控制電路20。電阻R的第一端可連接第一二極體D1的陰極。電阻R的第二端可連接變壓器ST的第二側的第二端。The second switch element B1 can be a transistor. The first end of the second switching element B1 can be connected to the anode of the second diode D2. The second end of the second switching element B1 can be connected to the second end of the second side of the transformer ST, the negative end of the battery BYn of the battery circuit BST, and the second end of the first switching element A1. The control terminal of the second switch element B1 can be connected to the
請參閱圖1和圖3,其中圖1為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的方塊圖;圖3為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的一個電池組內部的第二電路佈局圖。與前述相同內容,不在此贅述。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, wherein Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the power supply system of the series battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the second circuit inside a battery pack of the power supply system of the series battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention Layout. The same content as above, will not be repeated here.
各電池組PA1~PAn可更包含偵測電路30。偵測電路30可連接控制電路20以及電池電路BST的負端(即電池BYn的負端)。偵測電路30可偵測電池電路BST的參數,例如電池電路BST輸出/入的電流量或電壓值。控制電路20可依據偵測電路30所偵測到的參數,以控制放電電晶體F1的控制端、充電電晶體F2的控制端以及旁路電路FL運作。Each of the battery packs PA1˜PAn may further include a
若有需要,各電池組PA1~PAn可更包含感測電阻Rs。感測電阻Rs的第一端可連接電池電路BST的負端以及偵測電路30。感測電阻Rs的第二端可連接偵測電路30以及第二開關元件B1的第二端。If necessary, each of the battery packs PA1˜PAn may further include a sensing resistor Rs. The first end of the sensing resistor Rs can be connected to the negative end of the battery circuit BST and the
偵測電路30可偵測流過感測電阻Rs的電流或是偵測感測電阻Rs的第一端的電壓與感測電阻Rs的第二端的電壓並計算兩者的壓差(即感測電阻Rs的電壓),據以控制放電電晶體F1的控制端、充電電晶體F2的控制端以及旁路電路FL運作。The
請參閱圖1和圖4,其中圖1為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的方塊圖;圖4為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的多個電池組的電路佈局圖。與前述相同內容,不在此贅述。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, wherein Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system of a battery pack connected in series according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a circuit layout diagram of multiple battery packs of a power supply system of a battery pack connected in series according to an embodiment of the present invention . The same content as above, will not be repeated here.
為方便說明,多個電池組PA1~PAn中的其中一電池組PAn定義為末電池組PAn。末電池組PAn的旁路電路FL的輸出端(即第一開關元件A1的第二端)可連接供電電路10的輸入端。電池電路BST的負端可(通過感測電阻Rs)連接供電電路10的輸入端。For the convenience of description, one battery pack PAn among the plurality of battery packs PA1 ˜PAn is defined as the last battery pack PAn. The output terminal of the bypass circuit FL of the last battery pack PAn (ie, the second terminal of the first switching element A1 ) can be connected to the input terminal of the
電池組PA1的放電電晶體F1的第一端以及電池組PA1的第一內部二極體DT的陽極可直接連接供電電路10的輸出端。The first terminal of the discharge transistor F1 of the battery pack PA1 and the anode of the first internal diode DT of the battery pack PA1 can be directly connected to the output terminal of the
除了末電池組PAn以外的其他各電池組PA1~PAn-1,電池電路BST的電池BYn的負端(通過感測電阻Rs)可連接供電電路10的輸入端,旁路電路FL的輸出端(即第一開關元件A1的第二端)連接下一電池組PA2~PAn的放電電晶體F1的第一端以及第一內部二極體DT的陽極。例如,電池組PA1的旁路電路FL的輸出端(即第一開關元件A1的第二端)連接下一電池組PA2的放電電晶體F1的第一端以及第一內部二極體DT的陽極。For each of the battery packs PA1~PAn-1 except the last battery pack PAn, the negative terminal of the battery BYn of the battery circuit BST (through the sensing resistor Rs) can be connected to the input terminal of the
請參閱圖1和圖5,其中圖1為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的方塊圖;圖5為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的供電電路正在充電多個電池組的使用示意圖。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, wherein Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the power supply system of the series battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 is charging a plurality of battery packs for the power supply circuit of the power supply system of the series battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention usage diagram.
多個電池組PA1~PAn依序排列並相互串聯連接,這些電池組PA1~PAn可能彼此具有相同或不同的特性。因此,在供電電路10供應一充電電流IS以充電多個電池組PA1~PAn的過程中,此充電電流IS會依序流過多個電池組PA1~PAn,多個電池組PA1~PAn中的一或多者例如電池組PA2會先充飽。已充飽的電池組PA2的控制電路20會關閉電池組PA2的充電電晶體F2(以及放電電晶體F1),以禁止充電電流IS流過充電電晶體F2(以及放電電晶體F1)至電池組PA2的電池BY1~BYn進行充電。A plurality of battery packs PA1 ˜ PAn are arranged in sequence and connected in series, and these battery packs PA1 ˜ PAn may have the same or different characteristics from each other. Therefore, when the
為了避免已充飽的電池組PA2的充電電晶體F2(以及放電電晶體F1)關閉,而導致充電電流IS無法從電池組PA2流至尚未充飽的其它電池組PA3~PAn,因此在本發明實施例的供電系統設有旁路電路FL。In order to avoid that the charging transistor F2 (and the discharging transistor F1) of the fully charged battery pack PA2 is turned off, and the charging current IS cannot flow from the battery pack PA2 to other battery packs PA3~PAn that are not yet fully charged, therefore in the present invention The power supply system of the embodiment is provided with a bypass circuit FL.
當每個電池組PA1~PAn的控制電路20開始充電時,控制電路20開啟放電電晶體F1以及充電電晶體F2,但關閉旁路電路FL。在此情況下,如圖5所示的電池組PA1,供電電路10供應的充電電流IS首先流至電池組PA1的放電電晶體F1,接著流經充電電晶體F2,接著流至電池BY1~BYn以對電池BY1~BYn充電。When the
充電電流IS流經電池組PA1的電池BY1~BYn後,流至感測電阻Rs。在充電電流IS流經電池組PA1的感測電阻Rs時,電池組PA1的偵測電路30可偵測其內部的電路元件的參數數據,例如感測電阻Rs的電流或電壓,據以判斷電池電路BST的所有電池BY1~BYn是否已充飽電。The charging current IS flows through the batteries BY1˜BYn of the battery pack PA1, and then flows to the sensing resistor Rs. When the charging current IS flows through the sensing resistor Rs of the battery pack PA1, the
在電池組PA1的控制電路20判斷電池組PA1的電池電路BST的所有電池BY1~BYn充飽之前,電池組PA1的控制電路20持續開啟放電電晶體F1以及充電電晶體F2,但關閉旁路電路FL(的第一開關元件A1以及第二開關元件B1)。此時,如圖5所示,充電電流IS保持依序流至放電電晶體F1、充電電晶體F2至電池BY1~BYn以對電池BY1~BYn充電。Before the
在充電電流IS流過電池組PA1的電池BY1~BYn(以及感測電阻Rs)後,將流至下一電池組PA2。其它電池組PA2~PAn從開始充電到充飽之前,同上述電池組PA1的作業。After the charging current IS flows through the batteries BY1 ˜ BYn (and the sensing resistor Rs) of the battery pack PA1 , it will flow to the next battery pack PA2 . The operation of the other battery packs PA2~PAn is the same as that of the above-mentioned battery pack PA1 from the start of charging to the full charge.
在本實施例中,在充電電流IS依序對多個電池組PA1~PAn充電的過程中,電池組PA2的電池電路BST的所有電池BY1~BYn已先充飽電,其它電池組PA1、PA3~PAn(的電池電路BST)則尚未飽電時。在此情況下,電池組PA2的控制電路20判斷電池組PA2的電池電路BST已充飽電時,例如圖5所示,電池組PA2的控控制電路20可關閉電池組PA2的充電電晶體F2(以及放電電晶體F1)以阻止充電電流IS繼續流至電池電路BST,停止對電池電路BST的充電。In this embodiment, during the process of charging the multiple battery packs PA1~PAn sequentially with the charging current IS, all the batteries BY1~BYn of the battery circuit BST of the battery pack PA2 have been fully charged first, and the other battery packs PA1, PA3 ~PAn (battery circuit BST) is not yet fully charged. In this case, when the
在電池組PA2的放電電晶體F1以及放電電晶體F1關閉時,充電電流IS原本依序流經放電電晶體F1、充電電晶體F2至已飽電的電池電路BST的充電路徑被切斷。此時,電池組PA2的控制電路20開啟旁路電路FL的第一開關元件A1以及第二開關元件B1以提供一旁路路徑,使充電電流IS不流至電池組PA2的電池電路BST但仍持續流至其他電池組PA3~PAn以對尚未飽電的其他電池組PA3~PAn的電池電路BST進行充電。When the discharge transistor F1 and the discharge transistor F1 of the battery pack PA2 are turned off, the charging path of the charging current IS flowing through the discharge transistor F1 and the charging transistor F2 to the fully charged battery circuit BST is cut off. At this time, the
詳言之,充電電流IS從電池組PA1流往電池組PA2後,充電電流IS流經電池組PA2的放電電晶體F1的第一內部二極體DT,接著依序流經變壓器ST的第一側以及第一開關元件A1,接著流至下一電池組PA3。同時,電池組PA2的電池電路BST輸出的電流可依序流經電阻Rs、第二開關元件B1以及第二二極體D2,最後回到電池電路BST。In detail, after the charging current IS flows from the battery pack PA1 to the battery pack PA2, the charging current IS flows through the first internal diode DT of the discharge transistor F1 of the battery pack PA2, and then flows through the first internal diode DT of the transformer ST in sequence. side and the first switching element A1, then flows to the next battery pack PA3. At the same time, the current output by the battery circuit BST of the battery pack PA2 may flow through the resistor Rs, the second switch element B1 and the second diode D2 in sequence, and finally return to the battery circuit BST.
每個電池組PA1~PAn在尚未充飽電時,電池組PA1~PAn的作業和充電電流IS的流向皆同上述電池組PA1。每個電池組PA1~PAn已充飽電時,每個電池組PA1~PAn的作業和充電電流IS的流向皆同上述電池組PA2。相同內容,不在此贅述。When each of the battery packs PA1 ˜ PAn is not fully charged, the operations of the battery packs PA1 ˜ PAn and the flow of the charging current IS are the same as those of the above battery pack PA1 . When each of the battery packs PA1 -PAn is fully charged, the operation of each of the battery packs PA1 -PAn and the flow of the charging current IS are the same as the above battery pack PA2. The same content will not be repeated here.
綜上所述,本發明提供一種串聯電池組的供電系統,其在相互串聯的多個電池組充電的過程中,部分電池組已充飽電時不再進行充電,但與這些飽電的電池組相互串聯的其他尚未充飽電的電池組仍可繼續充電,使得最後供電系統中的多個電池組皆可以充飽電,使得多個電池組彼此的電壓平衡/相近,使供電系統具足夠的容量。To sum up, the present invention provides a power supply system for battery packs connected in series. In the process of charging multiple battery packs connected in series, some battery packs will not be charged when they are fully charged. Other battery packs that are not fully charged in series with each other can still continue to charge, so that multiple battery packs in the final power supply system can be fully charged, so that the voltages of multiple battery packs are balanced/close to each other, so that the power supply system has sufficient capacity.
以上所公開的內容僅為本發明的優選可行實施例,並非因此侷限本發明的申請專利範圍,所以凡是運用本發明說明書及圖式內容所做的等效技術變化,均包含於本發明的申請專利範圍內。The content disclosed above is only a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, and does not therefore limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the application of the present invention. within the scope of the patent.
10:供電電路 PA1~PAn:電池組 BST:電池電路 BY1~BYn:電池 F1:放電電晶體 DT:第一內部二極體 F2:充電電晶體 CT:第二內部二極體 20:控制電路 FL:旁路電路 S1:電壓源 ST:變壓器 A1:第一開關元件 D1:第一二極體 D2:第二二極體 B1:第二開關元件 R:電阻 30:偵測電路 Rs:感測電阻 IS:充電電流10: Power supply circuit PA1~PAn: battery pack BST: battery circuit BY1~BYn: battery F1: discharge transistor DT: first internal diode F2: charging transistor CT: second internal diode 20: Control circuit FL: bypass circuit S1: voltage source ST: Transformer A1: The first switching element D1: the first diode D2: second diode B1: Second switching element R: resistance 30: Detection circuit Rs: sense resistor IS: charging current
圖1為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的方塊圖。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system for a series battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的一個電池組內部的第一電路佈局圖。FIG. 2 is a first circuit layout diagram inside a battery pack of the power supply system for series battery packs according to the embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的一個電池組內部的第二電路佈局圖。FIG. 3 is a second circuit layout diagram inside a battery pack of the power supply system for series battery packs according to the embodiment of the present invention.
圖4為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的多個電池組的電路佈局圖。FIG. 4 is a circuit layout diagram of multiple battery packs in the power supply system of series battery packs according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖5為本發明實施例的串聯電池組的供電系統的供電電路正在充電多個電池組的使用示意圖。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the use of the power supply circuit of the power supply system of the series battery packs charging multiple battery packs according to the embodiment of the present invention.
10:供電電路 10: Power supply circuit
PA1~PAn:電池組 PA1~PAn: battery pack
BST:電池電路 BST: battery circuit
BY1~BYn:電池 BY1~BYn: battery
F1:放電電晶體 F1: discharge transistor
DT:第一內部二極體 DT: first internal diode
F2:充電電晶體 F2: charging transistor
CT:第二內部二極體 CT: second internal diode
20:控制電路 20: Control circuit
FL:旁路電路 FL: bypass circuit
S1:電壓源 S1: voltage source
ST:變壓器 ST: Transformer
A1:第一開關元件 A1: The first switching element
D1:第一二極體 D1: the first diode
D2:第二二極體 D2: second diode
B1:第二開關元件 B1: Second switching element
R:電阻 R: resistance
30:偵測電路 30: Detection circuit
Rs:感測電阻 Rs: sense resistor
IS:充電電流 IS: charging current
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