TWI780584B - power supply device - Google Patents
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- TWI780584B TWI780584B TW110103153A TW110103153A TWI780584B TW I780584 B TWI780584 B TW I780584B TW 110103153 A TW110103153 A TW 110103153A TW 110103153 A TW110103153 A TW 110103153A TW I780584 B TWI780584 B TW I780584B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係一種可向外部裝置供給電力之電力供給裝置,其具有:更換用插槽,其保持提供給電動車輛之更換用電池;以及固定用插槽,其保持不進行更換而向上述外部裝置供給電力之電池。The present invention is a power supply device capable of supplying electric power to an external device, which has: a slot for replacement, which holds a replacement battery supplied to an electric vehicle; A battery that supplies electricity.
Description
本發明係關於一種可向外部裝置供給電力之電力供給裝置。The invention relates to a power supply device capable of supplying power to an external device.
專利文獻1中揭示有一種具有從外部電源向自動販賣機供給電力之構成之自動販賣機。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]Patent Document 1 discloses a vending machine having a structure in which power is supplied to the vending machine from an external power source. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Document]
[專利文獻1]日本專利第6157867號說明書[Patent Document 1] Specification of Japanese Patent No. 6157867
(發明所欲解決之問題)(Problem to be solved by the invention)
然而,於電力供給裝置保持更換用電池而該電池之電力供給至外部裝置之構成下,當所有電池被更換且無可供電之電池時,會出現無法向外部裝置供電之情形。However, in the configuration where the power supply device holds a battery for replacement and the power of the battery is supplied to the external device, when all the batteries are replaced and there is no battery capable of supplying power, the external device cannot be powered.
本發明鑒於上述課題,提供一種可穩定地向外部裝置供給電力之技術。 (解決問題之技術手段)In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a technology capable of stably supplying electric power to an external device. (technical means to solve the problem)
本發明之第1態樣之電力供給裝置係可向外部裝置供給電力者,具有: 更換用插槽,其保持提供給電動車輛之更換用電池;以及 固定用插槽,其保持不進行更換而向上述外部裝置供給電力之電池。The power supply device of the first aspect of the present invention is capable of supplying power to an external device, and has: a replacement slot that holds a replacement battery provided for the electric vehicle; and The slot for fixing holds a battery that supplies power to the above-mentioned external device without being replaced.
於本發明之第2態樣之電力供給裝置中,上述固定用插槽所保持之電池之滿充電容量(full charge capacity)係較上述更換用插槽所保持之電池之滿充電容量低。In the power supply device of the second aspect of the present invention, the full charge capacity of the battery held in the fixing slot is lower than the full charge capacity of the battery held in the replacement slot.
本發明之第3態樣之電力供給裝置進而具備控制手段, 該控制手段控制向上述外部裝置之電力供給; 上述控制手段係相對於上述更換用插槽所保持之電池而優先使用上述固定用插槽所保持之電池,控制向上述外部裝置之電力供給。The power supply device of the third aspect of the present invention further includes control means, The control means controls the power supply to the aforementioned external device; The control means controls the power supply to the external device by preferentially using the battery held in the fixing slot over the battery held in the replacement slot.
於本發明之第4態樣之電力供給裝置中,上述控制手段基於經設定之時間資訊,而從上述固定用插槽所保持之電池供給電力,藉此切換給上述更換用插槽所保持之電池之充電之情形與將上述固定用插槽所保持之電池充電之情形。In the power supply device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the control means supplies power from the battery held in the fixing slot based on the set time information, thereby switching to the battery held in the replacement slot. The state of charging the battery and the state of charging the battery held in the above-mentioned fixing slot.
於本發明之第5態樣之電力供給裝置中,上述更換用插槽設置成可從形成於上述電力供給裝置之第1開口部更換電池; 相對於上述更換用插槽,上述固定用插槽設置於與上述第1開口部相反之側。In the power supply device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the replacement slot is provided so that the battery can be replaced from the first opening formed in the power supply device; The fixing slot is provided on a side opposite to the first opening with respect to the replacement slot.
於本發明之第6態樣之電力供給裝置中,上述固定用插槽設置於上述電力供給裝置之下方側,與上述固定用插槽之位置相比,上述更換用插槽設置於上述電力供給裝置之上方。In the power supply device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the fixing slot is provided on the lower side of the power supply device, and the replacement slot is provided on the power supply side compared with the position of the fixing slot. above the device.
於本發明之第7態樣之電力供給裝置中,上述固定用插槽設置成可從形成於上述電力供給裝置之第2開口部更換上述固定用插槽所保持之電池。In the power supply device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the fixing slot is provided so that the battery held in the fixing slot can be replaced through a second opening formed in the power supply device.
本發明之第8態樣之電力供給裝置向作為上述外部裝置且可基於外部電源之電力而動作之自動販賣機供給電力。A power supply device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention supplies power to a vending machine which is the above-mentioned external device and can operate based on power from an external power supply.
本發明之第9態樣之電力供給裝置進而具備監視手段,該監視手段監視上述自動販賣機所需之必要電力; 於上述自動販賣機之必要電力變得較基準電力大之情形時,上述控制手段進行控制,使得從上述固定用插槽所保持之電池向上述自動販賣機供給電力。A power supply device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention further includes monitoring means for monitoring necessary power required by the above-mentioned automatic vending machine; When the required electric power of the automatic vending machine becomes larger than the reference electric power, the control means controls to supply electric power to the automatic vending machine from the battery held in the fixing slot.
本發明之第10態樣之電力供給裝置進而具備檢測手段,該檢測手段檢測來自上述外部電源之電力是否為停電狀態; 上述控制手段進行如下控制:於由上述檢測手段檢測出上述停電狀態之情形時,基於上述固定用插槽所保持之電池的電力,進行對上述自動販賣機的電力供給,或進行用於對上述更換用插槽所保持之電池充電的電力供給。The power supply device of the tenth aspect of the present invention further includes detection means for detecting whether the power from the external power supply is in a power failure state; The control means performs control to supply power to the automatic vending machine based on the power of the battery held in the slot for fixing when the detection means detects the power outage state, or to perform a power supply for the automatic vending machine. Power supply for charging batteries held in replacement slots.
於本發明之第11態樣之電力供給裝置中,上述固定用插槽所保持之電池係被保持在如下狀態:在未輸入用於啟動該電池之啟動信號之狀態下可供給電力; 上述更換用插槽所保持之電池係被保持在如下狀態:在未輸入上述啟動信號之狀態下無法供給電力。 (對照先前技術之功效)In the power supply device according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the battery held in the above-mentioned fixing slot is held in a state in which power can be supplied without an activation signal for activating the battery; The battery held in the replacement slot is held in a state in which power cannot be supplied unless the activation signal is input. (compared to the effect of previous technology)
根據本發明之第1態樣之電力供給裝置,可於電力供給裝置內將不進行更換而僅向外部裝置供給電力之電池與更換用電池分開保存。藉此,可避免所有電池已更換而無法向外部裝置供電之狀況,從而可穩定地向外部裝置供給電力。According to the power supply device of the first aspect of the present invention, the battery that is not replaced but only supplies power to an external device and the battery for replacement can be stored separately in the power supply device. Thereby, it is possible to avoid the situation that all the batteries have been replaced and the power cannot be supplied to the external device, so that the power can be stably supplied to the external device.
根據本發明之第2態樣之電力供給裝置,可將滿充電容量低的電池作為僅向外部裝置供給電力之電池而有效利用,上述滿充電容量低的電池則不適合作為更換用電池來使用,因為例如用於電動車輛等時,需要較大的滿充電容量。According to the power supply device of the second aspect of the present invention, a battery with a low full charge capacity can be effectively used as a battery for supplying power only to an external device, and the battery with a low full charge capacity is not suitable for use as a replacement battery. This is because, for example, when used in an electric vehicle or the like, a large full charge capacity is required.
根據本發明之第3態樣之電力供給裝置,可更穩定地向外部裝置供給電力。According to the power supply device of the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to more stably supply power to an external device.
根據本發明之第4態樣之電力供給裝置,可基於時間資訊,如電費低時段(夜間)、電費高時段(白天)等,來控制切換,藉此使電力消耗之波峰移動而抑制電費。According to the power supply device of the fourth aspect of the present invention, switching can be controlled based on time information, such as low electricity rate time period (nighttime) and high electricity rate time period (daytime), so as to shift the peak of power consumption and suppress electricity cost.
根據本發明之第5態樣、第6態樣之電力供給裝置,因僅向外部裝置供給電力之電池並非為由電動車輛之使用者更換之對象,故將電池保持於電動車輛之使用者較難接近之位置,且將更換用之電池保持於電動車輛之使用者較容易接近之位置,藉此而可提高使用者之便利性。According to the power supply device of the fifth aspect and the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the battery that only supplies power to the external device is not an object to be replaced by the user of the electric vehicle, it is easier for the user of the electric vehicle to keep the battery. It is difficult to access the location, and the battery for replacement is kept in a location that is easier for the user of the electric vehicle to access, thereby improving the convenience of the user.
根據本發明之第7態樣之電力供給裝置,於裝置之側面側形成開口部,可保持向外部裝置供給電力之更換電池,藉此可提高電池之維護度。According to the power supply device of the seventh aspect of the present invention, an opening is formed on the side of the device to hold a replacement battery for supplying power to an external device, thereby improving the maintenance of the battery.
根據本發明之第8態樣及第9態樣之電力供給裝置,可基於自動販賣機所需之必要電力之監視結果,而控制從電池向自動販賣機供給電力。According to the power supply device of the eighth aspect and the ninth aspect of the present invention, the power supply from the battery to the automatic vending machine can be controlled based on the monitoring result of the necessary electric power required by the automatic vending machine.
根據本發明之第10態樣之電力供給裝置,可基於來自外部電源之電力是否為停電狀態之檢測結果,來控制對自動販賣機之電力供給或用以對更換用電池充電之電力供給。According to the power supply device of the tenth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to control the power supply to the vending machine or the power supply for charging the replacement battery based on the detection result of whether the power from the external power source is in a power failure state.
根據本發明之第11態樣之電力供給裝置,將作為電動車輛使用者之更換對象的電池保持在如下狀態:在未輸入啟動信號之狀態下無法供給電力;藉由改變保持時之電性狀態,可防止不正常放電等。According to the power supply device of the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the battery which is the replacement target of the electric vehicle user is kept in a state in which electric power cannot be supplied when no activation signal is input; by changing the electrical state at the time of holding , to prevent abnormal discharge, etc.
藉由參照隨附圖式如下之說明,可知本發明之其他特徵及優點。再者,於隨附圖式中,對於相同或者同樣之構成,標註相同參照符號。Other features and advantages of the present invention can be understood from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the accompanying drawings, the same or similar configurations are denoted by the same reference signs.
以下,參照圖式,對本發明之實施形態進行說明。該實施形態中所記載之構成要素僅為例示,並不受以下之實施形態限定。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The components described in this embodiment are examples only, and are not limited to the following embodiments.
[第1實施形態]
(系統構成)
圖1係表示實施形態之系統10(以下亦將系統稱為「充放電控制系統」)之構成之一例的圖。於圖1中,系統10包含:複數台自動販賣機100A、100B;以及終端裝置150,其可與該等自動販賣機100A、100B無線通訊。伺服器170可管理經由網路160取得自動販賣機100A、100B之資訊。伺服器170可將所產生之資訊發送至終端裝置150,並設定用以控制自動販賣機100A、100B之動作之控制資訊。複數台自動販賣機100A、100B構成為可經由連接部120而電性連接,而可共有動作用電力。將複數台自動販賣機100A、100B作為代表被表記為自動販賣機100。[First Embodiment]
(System Components)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a system 10 (hereinafter, the system is also referred to as a "charge and discharge control system") according to the embodiment. In FIG. 1 , the
自動販賣機100販賣作為商品之飲料食品及提供電動車輛用之電池。於自動販賣機100之前面(正面),配置有用以顯示商品之顯示器110及用以選擇、購買商品之按鈕115。於自動販賣機100之正面,進一步設置有用以投入硬幣、紙幣及找錢等之清算部116、及供取出所購買之飲料食品之取出部117。The
自動販賣機100將作為飲料食品之罐裝飲料及PET瓶裝飲料等商品冷卻或加熱(加溫)並進行販賣。又,自動販賣機100亦提供可更換經充電之電池180 (以下亦稱為「販賣」)。電池180係向電動車輛供給電力者,以可更換之方式構成。電動車輛中包含例如電動跨坐型車輛及四輪車輛,電池180例如為鋰離子電池。The
如圖1所示,自動販賣機100具有販賣飲料商品之第1區域1A、及提供電池180之第2區域2A。於第1區域1A中,進行用以將飲料食品冷卻或加熱之第1溫度控制,於第2區域2A中,進行用以管理成適合給電池180充電之狀態之第2溫度控制。於電池180保持於第2區域2A之狀態下,進行與電池180之充電、或從電池180向自動販賣機100供電有關之電力控制。As shown in FIG. 1 , the
自動販賣機100具備具有熱泵功能之冷媒裝置,具有如下熱利用方式:將使用冷媒裝置使第1區域內之冷卻室(冷卻區域)內之商品冷卻時所取得之熱移動至第1區域內之加熱室(加熱區域)側,從而將加熱室內之商品加溫。又,冷媒裝置具備熱交換器,該冷媒裝置構成為可切換成如下熱利用方式:利用不需冷卻時從熱交換器取得之大氣熱源而將加熱室加溫(加熱)。The
溫度調整部(冷媒裝置、熱交換器)可構成為第1區域1A與第2區域2A通用,亦可於第2區域2A中設置與第1區域1A之溫度調整部(冷媒裝置、熱交換器)相同之構成來進行第2區域2A之溫度控制。The temperature adjustment part (refrigerant device, heat exchanger) can be configured so that the
終端裝置150係例如智慧型手機、平板終端等可攜式資訊處理裝置。終端裝置150與自動販賣機100之間之無線通訊係例如Bluetooth(註冊商標)等近距離無線通訊,於終端裝置150與自動販賣機100之距離為攜帶該終端裝置150之使用者位於自動販賣機100附近操作自動販賣機100之程度的距離之情形時,則可進行通訊。The
(裝置構成)
圖2係表示終端裝置150之硬體構成之一例的方塊圖。終端裝置150包含:中央處理單元(CPU,Central Processing Unit)210,其用以控制裝置整體;唯讀記憶體(ROM,Read Only Memory)211,其用以儲存CPU 210中所執行之程式;以及隨機存取記憶體(RAM,Random Access Memory)212,其用以成為CPU 210執行程式時之作業區域或儲存各種資訊。終端裝置150可將藉由與其他裝置或自動販賣機100通訊而取得之資訊保存於RAM 212。(device configuration)
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the
又,終端裝置150包含用以與自動販賣機100進行無線通訊之無線通訊部213、顯示器214、及操作部215。顯示器214及操作部215可為觸控面板。終端裝置150進而包含網路控制器216,該網路控制器216用以經由網際網路等網路160而與其他裝置(例如伺服器170)通訊。Furthermore, the
圖3係表示自動販賣機100之功能構成之一例的方塊圖。自動販賣機100包含:CPU 310,其用以控制裝置整體;ROM 311,其用以儲存CPU 310中所執行之程式;RAM 312,其成為CPU 310執行程式時之作業區域;以及儲存部313(硬式磁碟機(HDD,Hard Disk Drive)),其用以儲存各種資訊。又,自動販賣機100包含:顯示控制部314,其控制顯示器110之顯示;操作部315,其包含清算部116;無線通訊部316,其用以與終端裝置150進行無線通訊;以及充放電器,其控制電池180之充放電。
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the
進而,自動販賣機100內之充放電器包含溫度控制部320,該溫度控制部320控制第1區域1A及第2區域2A之溫度。於第1區域1A及第2區域2A,分別設置有用以檢測區域內溫度之檢測部340(亦將設置於各區域之檢測部稱為「第1區域溫度檢測部(感測器SN1)、第2區域溫度檢測部(感測器SN2)」),基於各感測器(SN1、SN2)之檢測結果,溫度控制部320控制溫度調整部330(冷媒裝置330A、熱交換器330B)來分別控制第1區域及第2區域之溫度。又,自動販賣機100具有檢測外部氣溫之外部氣溫檢測部340B。充放電器之溫度控制部320基於外部氣溫檢測部340B之檢測結果控制溫度調整部330(冷媒裝置330A、熱交換器330B)。
Furthermore, the charge/discharge device in the
又,自動販賣機100之充放電器包含電力控制部350,該電力控制部350基於來自外部之電力,產生使自動販賣機100動作之電力。又,電力控制部350進行與保持於充放電器(自動販賣機100之第2區域2A內)之電池180之充電、或從電池180向自動販賣機100供電有關之電力控制。本實施形態之充放電器係給電池充放電者,具有電力控制部350,該電力控制部350基於外部電源(例如圖4之400或401)之電力而動作,同時控制向自動販賣機100之電力供給及保持於充放電器之電池180之充放電,上述自動販賣機100經由充放電器而與電池180電性連接。又,充放電器具有檢測電池180之充
電狀態之檢測部(感測器413)。電力控制部350基於檢測部(感測器413)之檢測結果,切換成外部電源之電力或來自電池之電力,供給使自動販賣機動作之電力。
Moreover, the charging/discharging device of the
又,電力控制部350基於藉由外部氣溫檢測部340B或第1區域溫度檢測部SN1所檢測出之溫度,控制電力供給之切換。即,於使自動販賣機100動作之電力供給中,電力控制部350基於由外部氣溫檢測部340B或第1區域溫度檢測部SN1所檢測出之溫度進行控制,從而切換成外部電源之電力或來自電池180之電力。
Moreover, the electric
圖4係表示電力控制部350之構成例的方塊圖。電力控制部350包含電力線402,該電力線402供給來自作為電力公司等之電力供給設備之電力系統400的交流電力。電力線402連接於輸出控制電路407。輸出控制電路407經由纜線410連接有用以使自動販賣機100動作之負荷490,電力線402之交流電力經由輸出控制電路407供給至負荷490。又,電力線402經由輸出控制電路407連接有纜線408。纜線408及纜線410包含輸送交流電力之電力線,輸出控制電路407基於控制部403之控制而控制纜線408、纜線410及電力線402之斷開與連接。當輸出控制電路407連接電力線402與纜線408時,藉由來自外部之電力(400、401)給電池180充電。當輸出控制電路407連接電力線402與纜線410時,來自外部之電力(400、401)供給至負荷490側。又,當輸出控制電路407連接纜線408與纜線410時,從電池180經由充放電介面412輸出之電力供給至負荷490側。於併用來自外部之電力與來自電池180之電力之情形時,輸出控制電路407基於控制部403之控制,亦可任意設定負荷490所需之電力中來自外部之電力P1(400、401)與從電池180供給之電力P2之比例。例如可將來自外部之電力P1設定為N%,將從電池180供給之電力P2設定為(100-N)%等。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the
充放電介面412包含交流(AC,Alternating Current)/直流(DC,Direct Current)轉換器412a及電流控制電路412b。AC/DC轉換器412a將經由纜線408供給之交流電力轉換為直流電力。電流控制電路412b係控制從AC/DC轉換器412a輸出之直流電流並將其供給至電池180之電路,例如藉由脈衝寬度調變(PWM,Pulse Width Modulation)控制來控制對於電池180之充電電流。The charging and discharging
於電力控制部350,連接有太陽光發電裝置401作為外部電力。太陽光發電裝置401具備太陽電池面板,並發出直流電力。電力控制部350具備DC/AC轉換器405。DC/AC轉換器405將太陽光發電裝置401所發出之直流電力轉換為交流電力,向電力線402輸出。The solar
電力控制部350具備執行電力控制部350之處理之控制部403。控制部403包含以CPU為代表之處理器、半導體記憶體等儲存裝置、與外部裝置聯繫之輸入輸出介面及通訊介面等。於儲存裝置中儲存有處理器所執行之程式及處理器進行處理所使用之資料等。The
控制部403控制DC/AC轉換器405、輸出控制電路407、充放電介面412。又,控制部403取得感測器404、感測器406及感測器413之偵測結果。感測器404係對與電力線402之電力有關之物理量進行偵測之感測器,於本實施形態中,其係測量交流電壓之感測器。感測器406係對與太陽光發電裝置401所發出之電力有關之物理量進行偵測之感測器,於本實施形態中,測量太陽光發電裝置401所發出之直流電壓。又,感測器413係測量從充放電介面412供給至電池180之直流電流之感測器。從電流控制電路412b輸出之直流電流經由纜線409供給至電池180。充放電器之控制部403可於與充電相反之過程中對放電進行控制,控制部403控制DC/AC轉換器405、輸出控制電路407、充放電介面412,藉此,可控制電池180之充電及向電性連接於電池180之自動販賣機100之電力供給(電池180之放電)。The
再者,向電池180供給直流電流不限定於藉由電性纜線409連接,可經由機械性配接器進行供電,亦可為非接觸式之供電方式。Furthermore, the supply of DC current to the
<處理例>
圖5係表示第1實施形態之自動販賣機100之處理例的圖。自動販賣機100可基於外部電源(400、401)之電力而動作,當電池180保持於第2區域2A之充放電器時,電力控制部350開始給電池180充電(ST501)。<Processing example>
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of processing by the
電力控制部350之控制部403基於感測器413之檢測結果,監視電池180之充電狀態(ST502)。The
電力控制部350基於感測器413之檢測結果,切換為外部電源之電力或來自電池180之電力,供給使自動販賣機100動作之電力。Based on the detection result of the
於ST503中,電力控制部350對電池180之充電狀態是否未滿基準充電位準進行判定。於感測器413之檢測結果為未滿基準充電位準之情形(ST503-YES)時,電力控制部350基於外部電源之電力,供給使自動販賣機動作之電力(ST504)。In ST503, the
另一方面,於ST503之判定中,就電力控制部350而言,於感測器413之檢測結果為基準充電位準以上之情形(ST503-NO)時,電力控制部350將處理推進至ST505,基於來自電池180之電力,供給使自動販賣機100動作之電力(ST505)。再者,於併用來自外部之電力與來自電池180之電力之情形時,輸出控制電路407基於控制部403之控制,來控制負荷490所需電力中來自外部之電力P1(400、401)與自電池180供給之電力P2之比例。On the other hand, in the determination of ST503, for the
於ST505中,在供給電池180之電力時,電力控制部350可基於各種條件對電力供給進行控制。例如電力控制部350可基於由操作部315設定過之時間資訊而對切換進行控制。可根據時段切換從電池180供電之情形與從外部電源供電之情形。具體而言,亦可以如下方式進行控制:於電費便宜之時段(夜間)藉由外部電源使自動販賣機100運轉,同時使電池180蓄電;於電費較貴之時段(白天)則從電池180供電。In ST505, when the power of the
又,電力控制部350經由無線通訊部316與終端裝置150通訊,藉此可取得電池180之需求預測,電力控制部350可基於所取得之需求預測而控制供電之切換。在與電池180之需求預測有關之資訊中,至少包含如下資訊中之任意一種資訊,例如:與過去之使用歷程相關之機器學習有關之資訊、氣象資訊、每個季節或每月所設定之指數、以設置有自動販賣機100之位置為基準之附近之活動資訊、表示每星期所設定之需求動向之指數等。Furthermore, the
電力控制部350以如下方式進行控制:基於所取得之需求預測,於預計到需求變高之時間停止從電池180供給電力,於預計到需求降低之時間從電池180供給電力。
電力控制部350之輸出控制電路407作為與其他自動販賣機(例如圖1之100B)電性連接之連接部120之輸出控制介面而發揮作用。電力控制部350於藉由輸出控制電路407(輸出控制介面)連接有其他自動販賣機100B之情形時,可經由輸出控制電路407供給使其他自動販賣機100B動作之電力。The
又,充放電器之電力控制部350具備監視自動販賣機100所需之必要電力之監視部(例如感測器404、406、感測器413),基於監視部(例如感測器404、406、感測器413)之監視結果,電力控制部350控制用以給電池180充電之充電電力。又,電力控制部350藉由電池180放電而控制向自動販賣機100供給之電力。於自動販賣機100所需之電力高於閾值之情形時,電力控制部350可以如下方式進行控制:基於必要電力與閾值之差異量,使充電電力降低而進行充電。In addition, the
又,自動販賣機100具備保持飲料商品之第1區域1A,從將飲料商品補充至第1區域1A起到飲料商品或第1區域1A變成所設定之溫度為止,與自動販賣機100電性連接之充放電器之電力控制部350可基於外部電源(400、401)之電力及電池180之電力而進行用以對溫度調整進行控制之電力供給。基於來自電力控制部350之電力供給,溫度控制部320控制溫度調整部330,對溫度調整進行控制。Moreover, the
於圖3所示之方塊中,已對具備一個電力控制部350之構成進行說明,但自動販賣機100亦可構成為與第2區域2A所保持之複數個電池對應地具備複數個電力控制部350。複數個電力控制部350分別對第2區域2A所保持之複數個電池之充電進行控制,各電力控制部350可執行圖5之處理流程。In the block shown in FIG. 3 , the configuration including one
因有助於電池之長壽命化,故通常情況下用於電動車輛之電池設置有下限值。藉由本實施形態之充放電器之控制而進行充放電之電池180用於電動車輛行駛,於電池180設置有行駛時之放電下限值,該行駛時之放電下限值規定了行駛時允許放電之電池剩餘量。自動販賣機用之放電下限值規定了允許對自動販賣機100放電之電池剩餘量,設定為小於行駛時之放電下限值之值。在用於向自動販賣機供給電力之情形時,與電動車輛之使用方式相比,以一定之輸出供給電力即可,充電亦可立即進行,根據以上情況,可進一步將下限值設定為較低值,藉此,可將更多電力從電池供給至自動販賣機100。Usually, the battery used for electric vehicles has a lower limit value because it contributes to a longer life of the battery. The
[第2實施形態]
於第1實施形態中,對自動販賣機100內設置有充放電器(電力控制部350及第2區域2A)之構成進行了說明,但電力控制部350及第2區域2A亦可構成為與自動販賣機100分開之另一充放電站。圖6係表示第2實施形態之充放電控制系統20之功能構成的圖,充放電控制系統20具有:自動販賣機100,其具有保持飲料商品之第1區域;以及充放電站600。充放電站600具有如下構成作為其功能構成:溫度控制部320;溫度調整部330(冷媒裝置330A、熱交換器330B);電力控制部350,其對第2區域內所保持之電池180之充放電進行控制;及感測器610。再者,自動販賣機100與充放電站600如下所述般共用溫度控制部320、溫度調整部330(冷媒裝置330A、熱交換器330B),因此自動販賣機100亦可具有溫度控制部320、溫度調整部330(冷媒裝置330A、熱交換器330B)。[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the structure in which the charging/discharging device (the
溫度控制部320控制溫度調整部330,基於藉由檢測部340所檢測出之溫度,調整第1區域1A之溫度,上述檢測部340對第1區域1A之溫度進行檢測。溫度控制部320以使用溫度調整部330調整第2區域2A之溫度之方式進行控制。The
充放電站600具備感測器610,該感測器610檢測第2區域2A之溫度或電池180之溫度,感測器610之檢測結果被輸入至電力控制部350,從電力控制部350被輸入至溫度控制部320。溫度控制部320基於藉由感測器610所檢測出之溫度,判定是否調整第2區域2A之溫度。感測器610檢測第2區域2A所保持之複數個電池180之溫度,溫度控制部320於複數個電池180之溫度之平均溫度超過第1閾值溫度(最合適溫度)之情形時,控制溫度調整部330使第2區域2A之溫度冷卻。再者,電池180亦可具備對第2區域之溫度或電池之溫度進行檢測之感測器。於此情形時,電池180所具有之感測器與感測器610同樣地發揮作用,溫度控制部320基於藉由電池180具有之感測器所檢測出之溫度,判定是否調整第2區域2A之溫度。The charging and discharging
又,溫度控制部320於複數個電池之溫度之平均溫度超過第2閾值溫度(無法充電溫度)之情形時,將溫度調整部330之控制模式切換為進行快速冷卻之控制模式,使第2區域2A冷卻。In addition, when the average temperature of the plurality of batteries exceeds the second threshold temperature (chargeable temperature), the
例如,可充電溫度可於0℃~55℃之範圍內設定,可放電溫度可於0℃~60℃之範圍內設定,第1閾值溫度(最合適溫度)及第2閾值溫度(不可充電溫度)可基於由終端裝置150所做出之設定而進行任意設定。當考慮到電池之一般放電特性時,例如在保存於第2區域2A之狀態下,可將第1閾值溫度(最合適溫度)設定為20℃附近之溫度。For example, the rechargeable temperature can be set within the range of 0°C to 55°C, the dischargeable temperature can be set within the range of 0°C to 60°C, the first threshold temperature (the most suitable temperature) and the second threshold temperature (non-chargeable temperature) ) can be arbitrarily set based on the settings made by the
於第2區域2A,設置有保持複數個電池之複數個槽(更換用插槽180B;圖1),溫度控制部320可調整複數個更換用插槽180B各者之溫度。In the
又,溫度控制部320可基於終端裝置150所設定之時間資訊,控制溫度調整部330以進行第1區域1A之溫度調整,於不進行第1區域1A之溫度調整之時間,控制溫度調整部330以進行第2區域2A之溫度調整。In addition, the
於電池180藉由電力控制部350之控制而在第2區域2A充電或放電期間,溫度控制部320控制溫度調整部330以先於第1區域1A進行第2區域2A之溫度調整。While the
於第1區域1A,設置有保持需加溫飲料商品之加溫區域、及保持需冷卻飲料商品之冷卻區域,於加溫區域裝有飲料商品之情形時,溫度控制部320亦可控制溫度調整部330以優先於第2區域2A之方式進行第1區域1A之溫度調整。In the
溫度調整部330具備具有熱泵功能之冷媒裝置330A,溫度控制部320控制冷媒裝置330A,使將第1區域1A之冷卻區域內之商品冷卻時所取得之熱移動至第1區域1A之加熱區域及第2區域2A,可將第1區域1A之加熱區域內之商品及第2區域2A之電池加溫。The
又,溫度調整部330具備熱交換器330B,於不利用冷媒裝置330A進行冷卻之狀態下,亦可利用從熱交換器330B取得之熱源而將第1區域1A之加熱區域內之商品及第2區域之電池180加溫。Moreover, the
溫度控制部320控制熱交換器330B,從而可控制其利用藉由第2區域2A之電池180充電時充電單元(例如電力控制部350)之發熱所產生之熱,來將第1區域1A之加熱區域內之商品加溫。The
又,自動販賣機100具備檢測外部氣溫之外部氣溫檢測部340B,溫度控制部320可基於藉由外部氣溫檢測部340B檢測出之溫度,控制溫度調整部330,調整第1區域1A及第2區域之溫度。Moreover, the
[第3實施形態]
於第3實施形態中,對自動販賣機100內販賣飲料商品之第1區域1A及可更換地提供電池180之第2區域2A之配置例進行說明。第3實施形態之自動販賣機100例如為內部具有圖6所說明之充放電站600之構成者。充放電站600係基於外部之電力給充放電器所保持之電池180充電,又可向外部裝置供給電力之電力供給裝置,充放電站600(電力供給裝置)可將電力供給至作為外部裝置之自動販賣機100。[third embodiment]
In the third embodiment, an arrangement example of the
圖7係表示第3實施形態之自動販賣機100之概略構成的圖。電力供給裝置具有:更換用插槽180B,其保持更換用電池;以及固定用插槽180C,其保持不進行更換而僅向外部裝置(自動販賣機100)供給電力之電池。Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a
如圖7所示,於第1區域1A中,飲料商品裝於與商品類別相對應之收容架701,在保持部702關閉之狀態下,飲料商品為保持於收容架701之狀態。當商品被選擇時,進行控制以打開被選擇之飲料商品之保持部702,既定數量之飲料商品藉由導件703而引導至取出飲料食品之取出部117。As shown in FIG. 7 , in the
如圖7所示,更換用插槽180B設置成可從形成於電力供給裝置之正面側之第1開口部更換電池,相對於更換用插槽180B,固定用插槽180C設置於與第1開口部相反之側(背面側)。如圖7所示,於電力供給裝置(充放電站600)或自動販賣機100之側視下,固定用插槽180C設置於從電力供給裝置或自動販賣機100之正面側間隔而靠背面側之位置。於更換用插槽180B之開口部設置有未圖示之可開閉之門,平時門處於關閉狀態,當清算處理完成時,複數個更換用插槽180B之開口部中之任意1個門成為打開狀態,可取出電池。取出電池後,當重新裝上未充電之電池或因使用而充電位準較低之電池時,開始對所裝填之電池充電。As shown in Fig. 7, the
固定用插槽180C設置成可從形成於電力供給裝置(充放電站600)之第2開口部更換固定用插槽180C所保持之電池。於固定用插槽180C之第2開口部亦設置有未圖示之門,該門藉由螺絲等緊固構件而於平時處於關閉狀態。於需要保養電池之情形時,卸除緊固構件,門變為打開狀態,從而可更換電池。因固定用插槽180C所保持之電池並非由電動車輛之使用者進行更換之對象,故與更換用插槽180B相比,固定用插槽180C形成於使用者難以接近之位置。The fixing
再者,更換用插槽180B與固定用插槽180C之位置關係不限定於圖7之構成,例如亦可將固定用插槽180C設置於電力供給裝置(充放電站600)之下方側,將更換用插槽180B設置於較固定用插槽180C之位置靠電力供給裝置(充放電站600)上方之位置。反過來,亦可將固定用插槽180C設置於距地面較近之最下邊附近,將更換用插槽180B設置於其上方。即,希望將更換用插槽180B設置於電動車輛之使用者在更換作為重量物之電池時容易進行更換之地方。又,亦可將固定用插槽180C設置於例如自動販賣機100之上部,將更換用插槽180B設置於收容架701之下方之空間。藉此,可於收容架701之下方這一電動車輛之使用者容易使用之地方設置更多更換用插槽180B。Furthermore, the positional relationship between the
更換用插槽180B所保持之電池與固定用插槽180C所保持之電池雖為相同構造但電性狀態不同。因固定用插槽180C所保持之電池並非由電動車輛之使用者進行更換之對象,故被保持於如下狀態:在未輸入用於啟動該電池之啟動信號之狀態下可供給電力。更換用插槽所保持之電池因其為由電動車輛之使用者進行更換之對象,故被保持在如下狀態:在未輸入啟動信號之狀態下無法供給電力。如此,藉由改變保持時之電性狀態,可防止不正常放電等。作為改變電性狀態之方法,可於固定用插槽安放有電池之時間點自動變更控制程式。The battery held in the
又,固定用插槽180C所保持之電池與更換用插槽180B所保持之電池係電特性上電池之滿充電容量(full charge capacity)程度不同者。例如固定用插槽180C所保持之電池係較更換用插槽180B所保持之電池劣化之電池。換言之,固定用插槽所保持之電池之滿充電容量係較更換用插槽所保持之電池之滿充電容量低。藉此,將雖為相同構造但於滿充電容量等方面具有差異之電池限定用途地利用在用於電動車輛者(更換用插槽所保持之電池)與僅用於向外部裝置供給電力者(固定用插槽所保持之電池),藉此可進行有效利用。Also, the battery held in the
電力供給裝置(充放電站600)之電力控制部350可相對於更換用插槽180B所保持之電池優先使用固定用插槽180C所保持之電池,進而控制向外部裝置之電力供給。又,電力控制部350基於終端裝置150所設定之時間資訊,可切換對更換用插槽180B所保持之電池充電之控制與來自固定用插槽180C所保持之電池之供電。又,電力控制部350基於經設定之時間資訊,從固定用插槽180C所保持之電池供給電力,藉此切換給更換用插槽180B所保持之電池充電之情形與給固定用插槽180C所保持之電池充電之情形。The
電力供給裝置(充放電站600)具備監視自動販賣機100所需之必要電力之監視部(例如感測器404、406、感測器413),於自動販賣機100之必要電力變得大於基準電力之情形時,電力控制部350亦可進行控制,使得從固定用插槽180C所保持之電池向自動販賣機100供給電力。The power supply device (charging and discharging station 600) has a monitoring unit (such as
又,電力供給裝置(充放電站600)具備感測器404,該感測器404檢測來自外部電源(例如電力系統400)之電力是否為停電狀態,且電力控制部350可進行如下控制:於由感測器404檢測出停電狀態之情形時,基於固定用插槽180C所保持之電池的電力,進行對自動販賣機100的電力供給,或進行用於對更換用插槽180B所保持之電池充電的電力供給。又,於此種情形時,可將電力優先供給至提供自動販賣機內所收容之飲料商品之保持部702等之功能,而不將電力供給至進行溫度調整之溫度控制部320或溫度調整部330。藉此,即便於停電等災害時,亦可長時間地提供飲料商品。In addition, the power supply device (charging and discharging station 600) has a
[其他實施形態] 本發明亦可實現如下處理:將實現上述實施形態之1種以上之功能之程式經由網路或儲存媒體供給至系統或裝置,該系統或裝置之電腦中之1種以上之處理器讀出並執行程式。又,亦可藉由實現1種以上之功能之電路(例如特殊應用積體電路(ASIC,Application Specific Integrated Circuit))而實現。[Other Embodiments] The present invention can also realize the following processing: the program that realizes one or more functions of the above-mentioned embodiments is supplied to a system or device via a network or a storage medium, and one or more processors in the computer of the system or device read and execute the program. Execute the program. In addition, it can also be realized by a circuit (for example, Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)) that realizes more than one function.
本發明並不限於上述實施形態,於不脫離本發明之精神及範圍之情況下,可進行各種變更及變化。因此,為了公開本發明之範圍,隨附如下請求項。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, in order to disclose the scope of the present invention, the following claims are attached.
1A:第1區域
2A:第2區域
10:系統
20:充放電控制系統
100、100A、100B:自動販賣機
110、214:顯示器
115:按鈕
116:清算部
117:取出部
120:連接部
150:終端裝置
160:網路
170:伺服器
180:電池
180B:更換用插槽
180C:固定用插槽
210、310:CPU
211、311:ROM
212、312:RAM
213、316:無線通訊部
215、315:操作部
216:網路控制器
313:儲存部
314:顯示控制部
320:溫度控制部
330:溫度調整部
330A:冷媒裝置
330B:熱交換器
340:檢測部
340B:外部氣溫檢測部
350:電力控制部
400:電力系統
401:太陽光發電裝置
402:電力線
403:控制部
404、406、413、610:感測器
405:DC/AC轉換器
407:輸出控制電路
408、409、410:纜線
412:充放電介面
412a:AC/DC轉換器
412b:電流控制電路
490:負荷
600:充放電站
701:收容架
702:保持部
703:導件1A: Area 1
2A: Zone 2
10: System
20: Charge and
隨附圖式包含於說明書中,構成該說明書之一部分,表示本發明之實施形態,與該說明書之記述一起用以說明本發明之原理。 圖1係表示實施形態之系統之構成之一例的圖。 圖2係表示終端裝置之硬體構成之一例的方塊圖。 圖3係表示自動販賣機之功能構成之一例的方塊圖。 圖4係表示電力控制部之構成例的方塊圖。 圖5係表示第1實施形態之自動販賣機之處理例的圖。 圖6係表示第2實施形態之系統之功能構成的圖。 圖7係表示包含第3實施形態之電力供給裝置之自動販賣機之概略構成的圖。The accompanying drawings are included in the specification and constitute a part of the specification, show embodiments of the present invention, and serve to explain the principle of the present invention together with the description in the specification. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the system of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a terminal device. Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the vending machine. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a power control unit. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of processing in the vending machine according to the first embodiment. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the functional configuration of the system of the second embodiment. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a vending machine including a power supply device according to a third embodiment.
1A:第1區域1A: Area 1
2A:第2區域2A: Zone 2
100:自動販賣機100: Vending machine
110:顯示器110: Display
117:取出部117: take out part
180B:更換用插槽180B: Slot for replacement
180C:固定用插槽180C: Slot for fixing
600:充放電站600: charging and discharging station
701:收容架701: Shelf
702:保持部702: Keeping Department
703:導件703: guide
Claims (10)
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