TWI754857B

TWI754857B - Stirring device

Info

Publication number: TWI754857B
Application number: TW108142372A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 洪珮純; 郭信宏
Original assignee: 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Also published as: TW202120221A

Abstract

A stirring device having feeding and degassing function and adapted to be installed in a furnace. Said stirring device comprises a stirring unit, a gas supply unit, and a feeding unit. Said stirring unit includes a motor, and a hollow rotary shaft driven by said motor. Said gas supply unit includes a gas supply, and a gas pipe which connects to said gas supply and said rotary shaft. Said feeding unit includes a storage tank, and a feeding tube which connects to said storage tank and said rotary shaft. Additive material is introduced directly to the molten metal in the furnace through said rotary shaft.

Description

兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置Mixing device with both degassing and feeding functions

本發明是有關於一種攪拌裝置，特別是指一種用於金屬基複合材料攪拌熔煉的攪拌裝置。The present invention relates to a stirring device, in particular to a stirring device for stirring and smelting metal matrix composite materials.

攪拌熔煉是一種合金熔煉製程，發展至今已出現了攪拌鑄造、原位自生、擠壓鑄造、鑄鍛複合製程、半固態鑄造，及半固態製程等不同設計的攪拌機構。參閱圖1，是一種習知用於攪拌熔煉的攪拌裝置1，包含一盛裝熔融金屬湯液2的爐體11、一由上而下地伸置於該爐體11內的攪拌棒12、一固定於該攪拌棒12上的攪拌盤13，及一位於該爐體11上方且可帶動該攪拌棒12旋轉的馬達14。透過該馬達14可帶動該攪拌棒12及該等攪拌盤13旋轉，以攪動該爐體11中的金屬湯液2。Stirring smelting is an alloy smelting process. It has developed stirring mechanisms of different designs such as stirring casting, in-situ autogenous, squeeze casting, casting and forging composite process, semi-solid casting, and semi-solid process. Referring to FIG. 1, it is a conventional stirring device 1 for stirring and smelting, comprising a furnace body 11 containing molten metal liquid 2, a stirring rod 12 extending from top to bottom in the furnace body 11, a fixed A stirring plate 13 on the stirring rod 12 and a motor 14 located above the furnace body 11 and can drive the stirring rod 12 to rotate. The stirring rod 12 and the stirring plates 13 can be driven to rotate by the motor 14 to stir the metal liquid 2 in the furnace body 11 .

前述的攪拌裝置1也可應用於輔助添加顆粒型強化相(如碳化矽)的鋁基複合材料，其特色在於質輕及具較佳的熱傳性質，在精密機械加工上有廣泛的應用。當以該攪拌裝置1製備前述的鋁基複合材料時，需由外部將碳化矽等添加材料投入盛有鋁湯的該爐體11中，但碳化矽容易和鋁湯表面的氧化層產生反應，造成熔湯潤濕不易，甚至有碳化矽團聚的現象產生，導致鋁基複合材料在鑄造時容易產生鑄造縮孔，並產生強化相散佈不均勻等缺陷。而金屬湯液2表面的表面張力也會對較輕的添加材料造成障礙，上述氧化層及表面張力使得添加材料不易進入熔湯中，導致添加材料四散而逸出該爐體11外，造成材料之損耗，而人工投料輔助添加方式則容易使金屬湯液2濺出，造成工安問題。The aforementioned stirring device 1 can also be applied to an aluminum matrix composite material for auxiliary addition of a particle-type reinforcing phase (such as silicon carbide). When using the stirring device 1 to prepare the aforementioned aluminum-based composite material, additional materials such as silicon carbide need to be put into the furnace body 11 containing the aluminum soup from the outside, but the silicon carbide easily reacts with the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum soup. As a result, it is not easy to wet the molten soup, and even the phenomenon of silicon carbide agglomeration occurs, which makes the aluminum matrix composite material prone to casting shrinkage cavities during casting, and produces defects such as uneven distribution of the strengthening phase. The surface tension on the surface of the molten metal 2 will also cause obstacles to the lighter additive materials. The above-mentioned oxide layer and surface tension make it difficult for the additive materials to enter the molten soup, causing the additive materials to be scattered and escape from the furnace body 11. However, the manual feeding and auxiliary adding method is easy to cause the metal liquid 2 to splash out, causing industrial safety problems.

因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置。Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a stirring device with functions of degassing and feeding.

於是，本發明兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，設置於一盛裝金屬湯液的爐體。該攪拌裝置包含一旋動單元、一通氣單元，及一投料單元。該旋動單元包括一旋轉馬達，及一伸置於該爐體中的中空狀軸管。該軸管具有一可被該旋轉馬達帶動旋轉的內管壁，及一物理連結該內管壁的攪動件。該通氣單元包括一進氣源，及一連接該進氣源及該軸管的進氣管路。該投料單元包括一料桶，及一連通該料桶及該軸管的送料管。Therefore, the stirring device of the present invention, which has both degassing and feeding functions, is installed in a furnace body containing metal soup. The stirring device includes a rotating unit, a ventilation unit, and a feeding unit. The rotating unit includes a rotating motor and a hollow shaft tube extending into the furnace body. The shaft tube has an inner tube wall that can be rotated by the rotating motor, and an agitating member physically connected to the inner tube wall. The ventilation unit includes an air intake source and an air intake pipeline connecting the air intake source and the shaft tube. The feeding unit includes a material barrel and a feeding pipe connected with the material barrel and the shaft pipe.

本發明之功效在於：複合材料中的添加材料，例如：碳化矽，可透過該送料管經由中空狀的軸管，送入該爐體所盛裝的鋁湯或其他金屬湯液中，此種進料方式可突破金屬湯液表面的氧化層，以將添加材料直接送入金屬湯液的液面下。此外，可減少氧化層與添加材料的反應，並提高熔解或潤濕之效率。另外，本發明可減少添加材料受到表面張力的阻礙，以減少重量較輕的添加材料逸散，以及消除人工輔助添加材料使金屬湯液濺出之情形。The effect of the present invention is that the additive material in the composite material, such as silicon carbide, can be fed into the aluminum soup or other metal soup contained in the furnace body through the feeding tube through the hollow shaft tube. The feeding method can break through the oxide layer on the surface of the metal soup, so that the additive material can be directly fed into the liquid surface of the metal soup. In addition, the reaction of the oxide layer with the additive material can be reduced, and the efficiency of melting or wetting can be improved. In addition, the present invention can reduce the resistance of the additive material by the surface tension, so as to reduce the escape of the additive material with a light weight, and eliminate the situation that the metal soup liquid is splashed by artificially assisted additive material.

在本發明被詳細描述之前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

參閱圖2，為本發明兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置之一第一實施例，設置於一盛裝金屬湯液3的爐體4內。該攪拌裝置可應用在一般攪拌熔煉製程，並用於將添加材料5投入該爐體4內的金屬湯液3中。金屬湯液3的金屬主要是大氣環境下會被氧化的金屬。本第一實施例中是以將碳化矽加入鋁湯以製得鋁基複合材料為例，但實際應用上並不以此為限。該攪拌裝置包含一旋動單元6、一通氣單元7，及一投料單元8。該旋動單元6包括一架設於該爐體4上方的腳架60、一固定於該腳架60上的旋轉馬達61、一由上而下地延伸並伸置於該爐體4液面下的軸管62，及一與該軸管62水平相間隔且由該腳架60向下延伸至該爐體4內的擋流板63。該軸管62具有一連接該旋轉馬達61且圍繞出一內流道621的內管壁622、一連接該腳架60且圍繞該內管壁622的外管壁624，及一固定於該內管壁622底端的攪動件625。該內管壁622及該外管壁624相配合夾設出一外流道623。在本第一實施例中，該軸管62是以石墨製成，可避免與鋁湯反應。該攪動件625外型呈盤狀，且外周緣具有等角度排列且向外凸出的齒狀塊體(圖未示)，但當然可依實際需求更換不同外型及數量的攪動件625，不應以前述態樣為限。該擋流板63與該軸管62水平相間隔，且由該腳架60向下延伸至該爐體4內。該擋流板63具有一由該旋轉馬達61延伸至該爐體4中的主板部631，及一由該主板部631向下延伸且厚度逐漸減少而形成斜面的延伸板部632。在本第一實施例中，該擋流板63是以石墨製成，同樣可避免與鋁湯反應，且該擋流板63的數量為一，以達到較佳的穩流效果並不至使該軸管62引起的漩渦消散，但當然也可以視實際需求為其他數量，不以此為限。該延伸板部632的外型設計可適配該爐體4由上而下直徑漸縮的外型，從而能應用於較窄的爐體4中，提升泛用性。Referring to FIG. 2 , it is a first embodiment of a stirring device having both degassing and feeding functions according to the present invention, which is arranged in a furnace body 4 containing metal liquid 3 . The stirring device can be applied to the general stirring and smelting process, and is used to put the additive material 5 into the metal liquid 3 in the furnace body 4 . The metal of the metal soup liquid 3 is mainly a metal that will be oxidized in the atmospheric environment. In the first embodiment, silicon carbide is added to the aluminum soup to prepare the aluminum matrix composite material as an example, but the practical application is not limited to this. The stirring device includes a rotating unit 6 , a ventilation unit 7 , and a feeding unit 8 . The rotating unit 6 includes a tripod 60 erected above the furnace body 4 , a rotary motor 61 fixed on the tripod 60 , a rotary motor 61 extending from top to bottom and under the liquid surface of the furnace body 4 . The shaft tube 62 and a baffle 63 which is horizontally spaced from the shaft tube 62 and extends downward from the leg frame 60 into the furnace body 4 . The shaft tube 62 has an inner tube wall 622 connected to the rotary motor 61 and surrounding an inner flow channel 621 , an outer tube wall 624 connected to the tripod 60 and surrounding the inner tube wall 622 , and an inner tube wall 624 fixed on the inner tube wall 622 . The agitator 625 at the bottom end of the pipe wall 622. The inner tube wall 622 and the outer tube wall 624 cooperate to define an outer flow channel 623 . In the first embodiment, the shaft tube 62 is made of graphite, which can avoid the reaction with the aluminum soup. The agitator 625 is disc-shaped in appearance, and has tooth-shaped blocks (not shown in the figure) that are arranged at equal angles and protrude outwards at the outer periphery. The foregoing aspects should not be limited. The baffle 63 is horizontally spaced from the shaft tube 62 , and extends downward from the leg frame 60 into the furnace body 4 . The baffle 63 has a main plate portion 631 extending from the rotary motor 61 into the furnace body 4 , and an extending plate portion 632 extending downward from the main plate portion 631 and gradually decreasing in thickness to form a slope. In the first embodiment, the baffles 63 are made of graphite, which can also avoid the reaction with the aluminum soup, and the number of the baffles 63 is one, so as to achieve a better effect of stabilizing the flow without causing the The vortex caused by the shaft tube 62 is dissipated, but of course, other quantities can also be used depending on the actual requirements, which is not limited thereto. The outer shape of the extension plate portion 632 can be adapted to the outer shape of the furnace body 4 whose diameter is tapered from top to bottom, so that it can be applied to a narrow furnace body 4 to improve versatility.

該通氣單元7包括一進氣源71，及一連接該進氣源71及該軸管62的進氣管路72。該進氣管路72包括一與該內管壁622之內流道621及該進氣源71連通的第一管路721，及一與該進氣源71連通的第二管路722。該進氣源71可受控制地對該第一管路721及該第二管路722的其中之一(或兩者同時)輸出惰性氣體。該投料單元8包括一個一端連接該軸管62之外流道623且另一端連接該第二管路722的送料管81，及一連接該送料管81且盛裝碳化矽的料桶82。The ventilation unit 7 includes an air intake source 71 and an air intake pipeline 72 connecting the air intake source 71 and the shaft tube 62 . The intake pipeline 72 includes a first pipeline 721 communicating with the inner flow channel 621 of the inner pipe wall 622 and the intake source 71 , and a second pipeline 722 communicating with the intake source 71 . The intake air source 71 can controlly output inert gas to one (or both) of the first pipeline 721 and the second pipeline 722 . The feeding unit 8 includes a feeding tube 81 connected to the outer flow channel 623 of the shaft tube 62 at one end and the second pipeline 722 at the other end, and a material barrel 82 connected to the feeding tube 81 and containing silicon carbide.

該攪拌裝置運作時，該旋轉馬達61帶動該軸管62之內管壁622相對於該外管壁624旋轉，使該攪動件625被帶動旋轉，以對鋁湯進行攪拌，接著先以該進氣源71透過該第一管路721對該軸管62之內流道621輸出惰性氣體，使惰性氣體可通入該爐體4的鋁湯內，達到對鋁湯進行除渣及除氣之功效，而後透過控制使該進氣源71透過該第二管路722對該送料管81輸出惰性氣體，以將該料桶82內的碳化矽經由該送料管81輸送至該外流道623內，進而使碳化矽由該軸管62位於鋁湯液面下的末端送出，此種投料方式可避免碳化矽直接接觸鋁湯表面的氧化層，減少兩者間的反應，進而提高熔解或潤濕的效率。而透過旋轉的該軸管62投料之設計，可不需另外以管線***金屬湯液3中投料，從而避免***的管線干擾攪拌動作及效果。When the stirring device is in operation, the rotating motor 61 drives the inner tube wall 622 of the shaft tube 62 to rotate relative to the outer tube wall 624, so that the stirring member 625 is driven to rotate, so as to stir the aluminum soup. The gas source 71 outputs inert gas to the inner channel 621 of the shaft tube 62 through the first pipeline 721, so that the inert gas can pass into the aluminum soup of the furnace body 4, so as to achieve the purpose of removing slag and degassing the aluminum soup. Then, through the control, the intake source 71 outputs inert gas to the feeding pipe 81 through the second pipeline 722, so that the silicon carbide in the material barrel 82 is transported to the outer flow channel 623 through the feeding pipe 81, Then, the silicon carbide is sent out from the end of the shaft tube 62 below the liquid surface of the aluminum soup. This feeding method can prevent the silicon carbide from directly contacting the oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum soup, reduce the reaction between the two, and improve the melting or wetting. effectiveness. And through the design of the rotating shaft tube 62 for feeding, there is no need to insert a pipeline into the metal liquid 3 for feeding, so as to prevent the inserted pipeline from interfering with the stirring action and effect.

此外，前述的設計也可減少添加材料5受到表面張力的阻礙，當使用重量較輕的添加材料5時，可減少其逸散的情形，並消除人工投料輔助添加材料使金屬湯液3濺出之情形。需要特別說明的是，本第一實施例也可在將惰性氣體透過該第二管路722輸入該送料管81的過程中，同時將惰性氣體透過該第一管路721輸入該內流道621，以在進料的過程中同時除氣、除渣。In addition, the aforementioned design can also reduce the resistance of the additive material 5 by the surface tension. When the additive material 5 with a lighter weight is used, it can reduce the situation of its escape, and eliminate the artificial feeding of the auxiliary additive material to cause the metal soup liquid 3 to splash out. situation. It should be noted that, in the first embodiment, the inert gas can also be fed into the inner flow channel 621 through the first pipeline 721 during the process of feeding the inert gas through the second pipeline 722 into the feeding pipe 81 . , in order to simultaneously degas and remove slag during the feeding process.

參閱圖3，為本發明兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置之一第二實施例，本第二實施例大致上是與該第一實施例相同，不同的地方在於：該進氣管路72僅連接該軸管62，而該投料單元8還包括一連接該送料管81及該料桶82的抽料馬達83。且該軸管62不採該第一實施例的雙管設計，僅具有該內管壁622而採單管設計，該內管壁622之內流道621連通該進氣管路72及該送料管81。該抽料馬達83可將該料桶82中的添加材料5經該送料管81輸送至該內流道621，以將添加材料5送入金屬湯液3中。本第二實施例提供了另一種配置方式，其中，該攪拌裝置通常是先控制該進氣源71輸入惰性氣體10分鐘，接著再開啟該抽料馬達83進行投料10分鐘，前者的氣體流量較大而後者較小。Referring to FIG. 3 , it is a second embodiment of the stirring device having both degassing and feeding functions. The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, with the difference that: the air intake pipeline 72 is only connected to the shaft pipe 62 , and the feeding unit 8 also includes a feeding motor 83 connected to the feeding pipe 81 and the material barrel 82 . And the shaft tube 62 does not adopt the double tube design of the first embodiment, but only has the inner tube wall 622 and adopts the single tube design, and the inner flow channel 621 of the inner tube wall 622 communicates with the air inlet pipeline 72 and the feeding. Tube 81. The pumping motor 83 can transport the additive material 5 in the material bucket 82 to the inner flow channel 621 through the feeding pipe 81 , so as to send the additive material 5 into the metal liquid 3 . The second embodiment provides another configuration, wherein the stirring device usually first controls the intake source 71 to input inert gas for 10 minutes, and then turns on the material extraction motor 83 to feed materials for 10 minutes. larger and the latter smaller.

綜上所述，本發明將添加材料5直接送入金屬湯液3的液面下，減少表面張力的阻礙，如此可避免添加材料5逸散或造成金屬湯液3濺出，且不會干擾該攪動件625的攪拌動作，故確實能達成本發明之目的。To sum up, in the present invention, the additive material 5 is directly fed into the liquid surface of the metal liquid 3 to reduce the obstruction of surface tension, so that the additive material 5 can be prevented from escaping or the metal liquid 3 splashing out without disturbing the The stirring action of the stirring member 625 can indeed achieve the purpose of the present invention.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the application for patent of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.

3:金屬湯液 4:爐體 5:添加材料 6:旋動單元 60:腳架 61:旋轉馬達 62:軸管 621:內流道 622:內管壁 623:外流道 624:外管壁 625:攪動件 63:擋流板 631:主板部 632:延伸板部 7:通氣單元 71:進氣源 72:進氣管路 721:第一管路 722:第二管路 8:投料單元 81:送料管 82:料桶 83:抽料馬達3: Metal soup 4: Furnace body 5: Add materials 6: Rotary unit 60: tripod 61: Rotary motor 62: Axle tube 621: Inner flow channel 622: Inner tube wall 623: Outer runner 624: Outer tube wall 625: Stirrer 63: Baffle 631: Motherboard Department 632: Extension plate 7: Ventilation unit 71: Air intake source 72: Intake line 721: First pipeline 722: Second pipeline 8: Feeding unit 81: Feeding tube 82: barrel 83: Pumping motor

本發明之其它的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是一側面剖視圖，說明一習知的攪拌裝置；圖2是一側面剖視圖，說明本發明兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置之一第一實施例；及圖3是一側面剖視圖，說明本發明兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置之一第二實施例。Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a side sectional view illustrating a conventional stirring device; Fig. 2 is a side sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of a stirring device having both degassing and feeding functions of the present invention; and 3 is a side sectional view illustrating a second embodiment of the stirring device having both degassing and feeding functions according to the present invention.

3:金屬湯液3: Metal soup

4:爐體4: Furnace body

5:添加材料5: Add materials

6:旋動單元6: Rotary unit

60:腳架60: tripod

61:旋轉馬達61: Rotary motor

62:軸管62: Axle tube

621:內流道621: Inner flow channel

622:內管壁622: Inner tube wall

623:外流道623: Outer runner

624:外管壁624: Outer tube wall

625:攪動件625: Stirrer

63:擋流板63: Baffle

631:主板部631: Motherboard Department

632:延伸板部632: Extension plate

7:通氣單元7: Ventilation unit

71:進氣源71: Air intake source

72:進氣管路72: Intake line

721:第一管路721: First pipeline

722:第二管路722: Second pipeline

8:投料單元8: Feeding unit

81:送料管81: Feeding tube

82:料桶82: barrel

Claims

一種兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，設置於一盛裝金屬湯液的爐體，該攪拌裝置包含：一旋動單元，包括一旋轉馬達，及一伸置於該爐體的中空狀軸管，該軸管具有一可被該旋轉馬達帶動旋轉的內管壁、一物理連結該內管壁的攪動件，及一圍繞該內管壁且與該內管壁相配合夾設出一外流道的外管壁，該內管壁圍繞出一內流道，且可被該旋轉馬達帶動而相對於該外管壁旋轉；一通氣單元，包括一進氣源，及一連接該進氣源及該軸管之內流道的進氣管路；及一投料單元，包括一料桶，及一連通該料桶及該軸管之外流道的送料管。 A stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions, which is arranged in a furnace body containing metal liquid, the stirring device comprises: a rotating unit, including a rotating motor, and a hollow shaft tube extending on the furnace body , the shaft tube has an inner tube wall that can be driven to rotate by the rotary motor, an agitating member physically connected to the inner tube wall, and an outer flow channel that surrounds the inner tube wall and is matched with the inner tube wall. The outer pipe wall, the inner pipe wall surrounds an inner flow channel, and can be driven by the rotary motor to rotate relative to the outer pipe wall; a ventilation unit includes an air intake source, and a connection between the air intake source and the The air inlet pipeline of the inner flow channel of the shaft tube; and a feeding unit, including a material barrel, and a feeding pipe connecting the material barrel and the outer flow channel of the shaft tube.

如請求項1所述兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，其中，該通氣單元之進氣源連通該軸管及該送料管，且該進氣源可受控制而選擇性地對該軸管及該送料管輸出惰性氣體。 The stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions according to claim 1, wherein the air intake source of the ventilation unit communicates with the shaft tube and the feeding tube, and the air intake source can be controlled to selectively supply the shaft to the shaft. The tube and the feed tube output inert gas.

如請求項2所述兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，其中，該進氣管路包括一與該軸管連結的第一管路，及一與該送料管連結的第二管路。 The stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions according to claim 2, wherein the air intake pipeline comprises a first pipeline connected with the shaft pipe, and a second pipeline connected with the feeding pipe.

如請求項1所述兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，其中，該旋動單元還包括一設置於該爐體上方且用於供該旋轉馬達設置的腳架，及至少一與該軸管水平相間隔，且由該腳架向下伸置於該爐體內的擋流板。 The stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions according to claim 1, wherein the rotating unit further comprises a foot frame disposed above the furnace body and used for the rotating motor, and at least one frame connected to the shaft The pipes are horizontally spaced apart and extend downward from the foot frame to the baffles in the furnace body.

如請求項4所述兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，其中，該至少一擋流板具有一由該腳架架延伸至該爐體中的主板部，及一由該主板部向下延伸且厚度逐漸減少而形成斜面的延伸板部。 The stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions as described in claim 4, wherein the At least one baffle plate has a main plate portion extending from the leg frame into the furnace body, and an extending plate portion extending downward from the main plate portion and gradually reducing in thickness to form an inclined surface.

如請求項1所述兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，其中，該旋動單元之軸管的材料包含石墨。 The stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions according to claim 1, wherein the material of the shaft tube of the rotating unit comprises graphite.

如請求項5所述兼具除氣與投料功能的攪拌裝置，其中，該至少一擋流板的材料包含石墨。 The stirring device with both degassing and feeding functions according to claim 5, wherein the material of the at least one baffle plate comprises graphite.