TWI753369B - Voltage monitoring apparatus - Google Patents

Voltage monitoring apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI753369B
TWI753369B TW109106221A TW109106221A TWI753369B TW I753369 B TWI753369 B TW I753369B TW 109106221 A TW109106221 A TW 109106221A TW 109106221 A TW109106221 A TW 109106221A TW I753369 B TWI753369 B TW I753369B
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voltage
discharge
battery cells
circuits
monitoring device
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TW109106221A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW202132797A (en
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蕭正柏
黃啟峰
唐瑩如
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盛群半導體股份有限公司
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Priority to TW109106221A priority Critical patent/TWI753369B/en
Priority to CN202010151560.2A priority patent/CN113311212B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Abstract

A voltage monitoring apparatus is coupled to N battery cells. The voltage monitoring apparatus includes a plurality of voltage detection circuits and a voltage compensator. The voltage detection circuits are used to perform a voltage detecting operation on the battery cells. When the voltage detection circuits perform the voltage detecting operation on a first to a Mth battery cell, the voltage compensator performs a discharging operation on at lest one another battery cell. Wherein M is an integer smaller than N, and N is an integer larger than 1.

Description

電壓監控裝置Voltage monitoring device

本發明是有關於一種電壓監控裝置，且特別是有關於一種可均衡電池芯電壓的電壓監控裝置。 The present invention relates to a voltage monitoring device, and more particularly, to a voltage monitoring device capable of balancing the voltages of battery cells.

在習知技術領域中，鋰電池的電壓監控技術是採用匹配電阻對多串的電池芯放電，並讀取其平均電壓的方式來得知各個電池芯的電壓。以多個堆疊串聯的電池芯為範例，當針對最底層第一電池芯進行電壓偵測時，第一電池芯會對應執行放電動作，而在當對次底層的第二電池芯進行電壓偵測時，第一電池芯以及第二電池芯皆會發生放電動作。如此一來，當所有電池芯皆完成一次電壓偵測動作的條件下，所有的電池芯會發生不同次數的放電動作。如此一來，在長時間的電壓監控操作後，電池芯的輸出電壓會發生不相同的現象，並造成電池芯輸出電壓的不均衡，影響其生命週期。 In the conventional technical field, the voltage monitoring technology of lithium batteries is to use matching resistors to discharge multiple strings of battery cells, and read the average voltage of the battery cells to obtain the voltage of each battery cell. Taking a plurality of battery cells stacked in series as an example, when voltage detection is performed for the first battery cell on the bottom layer, the first battery cell will perform a corresponding discharge action, and when the voltage detection is performed on the second battery cell on the sub-bottom layer At this time, both the first battery cell and the second battery cell will discharge. In this way, under the condition that all the battery cells complete one voltage detection operation, all the battery cells will have different times of discharge operations. As a result, after a long-term voltage monitoring operation, the output voltage of the battery cells will be different, and the output voltage of the battery cells will be unbalanced, affecting its life cycle.

本發明提供一種電壓監控裝置，可維持電池芯電壓的均 衡性。 The present invention provides a voltage monitoring device, which can maintain the uniformity of battery cell voltages. balance.

本發明的電壓監控裝置耦接至N個電池芯。電壓監控裝置包括多個電壓偵測電路以及電壓補償器。電壓偵測電路分別耦接至電池芯，用以針對電池芯進行電壓偵測動作。電壓補償器在當電壓偵測電路針對第1個至第M個電池芯進行電壓偵測動作時，電壓補償器針對第1個至第M個電池芯以外的至少一其餘電池芯進行放電動作，其中M為小於N的正整數，且N為大於1的整數。 The voltage monitoring device of the present invention is coupled to N battery cells. The voltage monitoring device includes a plurality of voltage detection circuits and a voltage compensator. The voltage detection circuits are respectively coupled to the battery cells for performing voltage detection operations on the battery cells. When the voltage compensator performs a voltage detection operation for the 1st to Mth battery cells, the voltage compensator performs a discharge operation for at least one remaining battery cell other than the 1st to Mth battery cells, where M is a positive integer less than N, and N is an integer greater than 1.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的電壓補償器包括多個放電電路。放電電路分別耦接至第二電池芯至第N電池芯。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned voltage compensator includes a plurality of discharge circuits. The discharge circuits are respectively coupled to the second battery cell to the Nth battery cell.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的各放電電路包括開關以及負載。開關受控於放電控制信號以被導通或斷開。負載與開關串聯耦接在對應的電池芯的正極端與負極端間。 In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned discharge circuits includes a switch and a load. The switch is controlled by the discharge control signal to be turned on or off. The load and the switch are coupled in series between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the corresponding battery cell.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的開關為電晶體開關，負載為電阻。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned switch is a transistor switch, and the load is a resistor.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的電壓補償器更包括輔助放電電路。輔助放電電路耦接在第一電池芯的正極端以及負極端間，其中第一電池芯直接連接至接地端。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned voltage compensator further includes an auxiliary discharge circuit. The auxiliary discharge circuit is coupled between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the first battery cell, wherein the first battery cell is directly connected to the ground terminal.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的電壓補償器更包括多個電壓偏移電路。電壓偏移電路偏移多個放電控制信號的電壓值以產生多個偏移放電控制信號，並使偏移放電控制信號以分別控制放電電路的放電動作。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned voltage compensator further includes a plurality of voltage offset circuits. The voltage offset circuit offsets the voltage values of the plurality of discharge control signals to generate the plurality of offset discharge control signals, and enables the offset discharge control signals to control the discharge operations of the discharge circuits respectively.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的各電壓偵測電路包括開關以及負載。開關依據監控控制信號以被導通或斷開。負載與開關串聯耦接至對應的電池芯的正極端。其中開關被導通時，對應的電壓偵測電路產生監控電壓。 In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the above-mentioned voltage detection circuits includes a switch and a load. The switch is turned on or off according to the monitoring control signal. The loads are coupled in series with the switches to the positive terminals of the corresponding battery cells. When the switch is turned on, the corresponding voltage detection circuit generates a monitoring voltage.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的開關為電晶體開關，負載為電阻。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned switch is a transistor switch, and the load is a resistor.

在本發明的一實施例中，電壓監控裝置更包括解碼電路。解碼電路接收輸入信號，針對輸入信號進行解碼以產生多個放電控制信號以及多個監控控制信號。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage monitoring device further includes a decoding circuit. The decoding circuit receives the input signal, and decodes the input signal to generate a plurality of discharge control signals and a plurality of monitoring control signals.

在本發明的一實施例中，上述的電池芯相互堆疊串接。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned battery cells are stacked and connected in series.

基於上述，本發明的電壓監控裝置可依據電池芯的監控狀態，來對未被監控的電池芯進行適度的放電，可有效維持所有電池芯的電壓均衡度，延長電池芯的使用壽命。 Based on the above, the voltage monitoring device of the present invention can appropriately discharge the unmonitored battery cells according to the monitoring state of the battery cells, which can effectively maintain the voltage balance of all the battery cells and prolong the service life of the battery cells.

100、200、400、500:電壓監控裝置 100, 200, 400, 500: Voltage monitoring device

110、410、510:電壓補償器 110, 410, 510: voltage compensator

121~128、221~228、421~424、521~524:電壓偵測電路 121~128, 221~228, 421~424, 521~524: Voltage detection circuit

212~218、412~414、512~514:放電電路 212~218, 412~414, 512~514: Discharge circuit

300:解碼電路 300: Decoding circuit

310、320:解碼器 310, 320: decoder

432~434、442~444:電壓偏移電路 432~434, 442~444: Voltage offset circuit

511:輔助放電電路 511: Auxiliary discharge circuit

BC1~BC8:電池芯 BC1~BC8: battery cell

D2~D8:放電控制信號 D2~D8: Discharge control signal

D2’~D4’:偏移放電控制信號 D2'~D4': offset discharge control signal

GND:接地端 GND: ground terminal

iM1-1、iD2-8、iM1-4、iD5-8:電流 i M1-1 , i D2-8 , i M1-4 , i D5-8 : Current

L2~L8、R1~R8、R9:負載 L2~L8, R1~R8, R9: load

MD2~MD4、MM1~MM4:電晶體 MD2~MD4, MM1~MM4: Transistor

OUT:監控電壓 OUT: monitor voltage

S1~S8:監控控制信號 S1~S8: Monitor control signal

S2’~S4’:偏移監控控制信號 S2'~S4': Offset monitoring control signal

SWD2~SWD8、SWM1~SWM8:開關 SWD2~SWD8, SWM1~SWM8: switch

V1:參考電壓 V1: reference voltage

圖1繪示本發明一實施例的電壓監控裝置的示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

圖2A繪示本發明另一實施例的電壓監控裝置的一實施方式的示意圖。 FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation manner of a voltage monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

圖2B繪示本發明圖2A實施例的電壓監控裝置的另一實施方式的示意圖。 FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of another implementation manner of the voltage monitoring device of the embodiment of FIG. 2A of the present invention.

圖3繪示本發明實施例的電壓監控裝置的解碼電路的實施方 式的示意圖。 FIG. 3 illustrates an implementation of a decoding circuit of a voltage monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the formula.

圖4繪示本發明另一實施例的電壓監控裝置的示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a voltage monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

圖5繪示本發明另一實施例的電壓監控裝置的示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

請參照圖1，圖1繪示本發明一實施例的電壓監控裝置的示意圖。電壓監控裝置100用以監控多互疊接的多個電池芯BC1~BC8的電壓狀態，其中電池芯BC1的負極端直接連接接地端GND，是為最底層的電池芯。電壓監控裝置100包括多個電壓偵測電路121~128以及電壓補償器110。電壓偵測電路121~128分別耦接至電池芯BC1~BC8，電壓補償器110則耦接至電池芯BC1~BC8以及電壓偵測電路121~128。 Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a voltage monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The voltage monitoring device 100 is used for monitoring the voltage states of the plurality of battery cells BC1 to BC8 that are stacked on each other, wherein the negative terminal of the battery cell BC1 is directly connected to the ground terminal GND, which is the bottommost battery cell. The voltage monitoring device 100 includes a plurality of voltage detection circuits 121 - 128 and a voltage compensator 110 . The voltage detection circuits 121 - 128 are respectively coupled to the battery cells BC1 - BC8 , and the voltage compensator 110 is coupled to the battery cells BC1 - BC8 and the voltage detection circuits 121 - 128 .

在本實施例中，電壓偵測電路121~128用以針對電池芯BC1~BC8中的一個或多個進行電壓偵測動作。在本實施例中，電壓偵測電路121~128的其中之一可以被啟動，並用以偵測電池芯BC1~BC8中的一個或多個的電壓值。在細節上，以電壓偵測電路124啟動以執行電壓偵測動作為範例。基於電池芯BC1~BC8相互疊接，因此，電壓偵測電路124可偵測電池芯BC4~BC1的電壓。這個電壓偵測動作會使得電池芯BC4~BC1產生放電現象，並造成電池芯BC4~BC1的電壓下降的狀況。在此同時，本實施例中的電壓補償器110可使未執行電壓偵測動作的電池芯(例如電池芯 BC8~BC5)進行放電動作。如此一來，所有的電池芯BC1~BC8都可以得到相同程度的放電，並維持電池芯BC1~BC8的電壓的均衡度。 In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuits 121 - 128 are used to perform voltage detection for one or more of the battery cells BC1 - BC8 . In this embodiment, one of the voltage detection circuits 121 ˜ 128 can be activated to detect the voltage value of one or more of the battery cells BC1 ˜ BC8 . In detail, the voltage detection circuit 124 is activated to perform the voltage detection operation as an example. Because the battery cells BC1 ˜ BC8 are superimposed on each other, the voltage detection circuit 124 can detect the voltages of the battery cells BC4 ˜ BC1 . This voltage detection action will cause the battery cells BC4~BC1 to discharge and cause the voltage of the battery cells BC4~BC1 to drop. At the same time, the voltage compensator 110 in this embodiment can enable the battery cells (such as battery cells) that have not performed the voltage detection operation. BC8~BC5) to discharge. In this way, all the battery cells BC1~BC8 can be discharged to the same degree, and the voltage balance of the battery cells BC1~BC8 can be maintained.

附帶一提的，本實施例中並具有下拉電阻R9。電壓監控裝置100並產生監控電壓OUT。 Incidentally, this embodiment does not have a pull-down resistor R9. The voltage monitoring device 100 generates a monitoring voltage OUT.

在本發明實施例中，電池芯的數量並沒有特定的限制。依據上述的說明可以得知，當電池裝置具有N個疊接的電池芯時，在電壓偵測電路針對其中的第1個至第M個電池芯進行電壓偵測動作時，本發明實施例的電壓補償器110可針對第1個至第M個電池芯以外的至少一其餘電池芯進行放電動作，其中M為小於N的正整數，且N為大於1的正整數。並有效維持所有電池芯電壓的均衡度。 In this embodiment of the present invention, the number of battery cells is not particularly limited. According to the above description, it can be known that when the battery device has N stacked battery cells, when the voltage detection circuit performs a voltage detection operation for the first to M th battery cells, the The voltage compensator 110 can discharge at least one remaining battery cell except the first to Mth battery cells, wherein M is a positive integer smaller than N, and N is a positive integer greater than 1. And effectively maintain the balance of all cell voltages.

以下請參照圖2A，圖2A繪示本發明另一實施例的電壓監控裝置的一實施方式的示意圖。電壓監控裝置200包括多個電壓偵測電路221~228以及由多個放電電路212~218所構成的電壓補償器。在本實施例中，放電電路212~218分別耦接至電池芯BC2~BC8。放電電路212~218分別包括開關SWD2~SWD8，並分別包括負載L2~L8。其中，其中，開關SWD2~SWD8分別受控於放電控制信號D2~D8以被導通或斷開。以放電電路212為範例，放電電路212中的開關SWD2以及負載L2串聯耦接在對應的電池芯BC2的正極端以及負極端間。 Please refer to FIG. 2A below. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation manner of a voltage monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The voltage monitoring device 200 includes a plurality of voltage detection circuits 221 - 228 and a voltage compensator composed of a plurality of discharge circuits 212 - 218 . In this embodiment, the discharge circuits 212 ˜ 218 are respectively coupled to the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC8 . The discharge circuits 212 ˜ 218 include switches SWD2 ˜SWD8 , respectively, and loads L2 ˜ L8 , respectively. Among them, the switches SWD2 to SWD8 are respectively controlled by the discharge control signals D2 to D8 to be turned on or off. Taking the discharge circuit 212 as an example, the switch SWD2 and the load L2 in the discharge circuit 212 are coupled in series between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the corresponding battery cell BC2 .

電壓偵測電路221~228則分別包括開關SWM1~SWM8， 並分別包括負載R1~R8。負載R1~R8由電阻建構。開關SWM1~SWM8分別與負載R1~R8相互串聯耦接，其中開關SWM1~SWM8分別依據監控控制信號S1~S8以被導通或斷開。在本實施例中，電壓偵測電路221~228分別耦接至電池芯BC1~BC8。值得注意的，當針對電池芯BC1~BC8中的一個或多個進行電壓監控時，開關SWM1~SWM8的其中之一可被導通(其餘的開關則被斷開)。進一步來說明，當開關SWM1被導通時，電池芯BC1的電壓被監控，電壓偵測電路221並依據電池芯BC1的輸出電壓來產生監控電壓OUT。在此時，電池芯BC1提供電流iM1-1以進行放電動作。 The voltage detection circuits 221 ˜ 228 include switches SWM1 ˜ SWM8 , respectively, and loads R1 ˜ R8 , respectively. The loads R1~R8 are constructed by resistors. The switches SWM1 ˜ SWM8 are respectively coupled in series with the loads R1 ˜ R8 , wherein the switches SWM1 ˜ SWM8 are respectively turned on or off according to the monitoring control signals S1 ˜ S8 . In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuits 221 ˜ 228 are respectively coupled to the battery cells BC1 ˜ BC8 . Notably, when voltage monitoring is performed for one or more of the battery cells BC1 ˜ BC8 , one of the switches SWM1 ˜ SWM8 may be turned on (the rest of the switches are turned off). To further illustrate, when the switch SWM1 is turned on, the voltage of the battery cell BC1 is monitored, and the voltage detection circuit 221 generates the monitoring voltage OUT according to the output voltage of the battery cell BC1 . At this time, the battery cell BC1 supplies the current i M1-1 for discharging.

相對應於電池芯BC1的放電動作，本發明實施例中的開關SWD2~SWD8被導通，並使電池芯BC2~BC8提供電流iD2-8，通過放電電路212~218中相互串接的負載L8~L2來進行放電動作。並透過這個放電動作來使電池芯BC2~BC8的電壓，可以與電池芯BC1的電壓相等。 Corresponding to the discharge action of the battery cell BC1, the switches SWD2 to SWD8 in the embodiment of the present invention are turned on, so that the battery cells BC2 to BC8 provide the current i D2-8 through the load L8 connected in series in the discharge circuits 212 to 218. ~L2 to perform the discharge action. And through this discharge action, the voltage of the battery cells BC2~BC8 can be equal to the voltage of the battery cell BC1.

在另一方面，請參照圖2B繪示的本發明圖2A實施例的電壓監控裝置的另一實施方式的示意圖。在當開關SWM4被導通時(開關SWM1-SWM3、SWM5-SWM8被斷開)，電池BC1~BC4的電壓被監控，並對應產生監控電壓OUT。在此時，電池芯BC4~BC1提供電流iM1-4並進行放電動作。 On the other hand, please refer to FIG. 2B which is a schematic diagram of another implementation manner of the voltage monitoring device of the embodiment of FIG. 2A of the present invention. When the switch SWM4 is turned on (the switches SWM1-SWM3, SWM5-SWM8 are turned off), the voltages of the batteries BC1-BC4 are monitored, and the monitoring voltage OUT is correspondingly generated. At this time, the battery cells BC4 to BC1 supply the current i M1-4 and perform a discharge operation.

相對應於電池芯BC4~BC1的放電動作，本發明實施例中的開關SWD5~SWD8被導通(開關SWD2~SWD4被斷開)，並使 電池芯BC5~BC8提供電流iD5-8，通過放電電路215~218中相互串接的負載L5~L8來進行放電動作。並透過這個放電動作來使電池芯BC5~BC8的電壓，可以與電池芯BC4~BC1的電壓相等。 Corresponding to the discharge action of the battery cells BC4 to BC1, the switches SWD5 to SWD8 in the embodiment of the present invention are turned on (the switches SWD2 to SWD4 are turned off), and the battery cells BC5 to BC8 are provided with a current i D5-8 . The loads L5-L8 connected in series in the circuits 215-218 perform the discharging operation. And through this discharge action, the voltage of the battery cells BC5~BC8 can be equal to the voltage of the battery cells BC4~BC1.

由上述的說明可以得知，本發明實施例中，被監控的電池芯與進行放電動作的電池芯的關係如表1：

Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0009-1
It can be known from the above description that in the embodiment of the present invention, the relationship between the monitored battery cell and the battery cell performing the discharging operation is shown in Table 1:
Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0009-1

下表2、3分別則為對應不同狀態時，開關SWD1~SWD8以及開關SWM1-SWM8的導通及斷開狀態的關係。 Tables 2 and 3 below respectively show the relationship between the on and off states of the switches SWD1 to SWD8 and the switches SWM1 to SWM8 when they correspond to different states.

Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0009-2
Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0009-2
Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0010-4
Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0010-4

Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0010-5
Figure 109106221-A0305-02-0010-5

請參照圖3，圖3繪示本發明實施例的電壓監控裝置的解 碼電路的實施方式的示意圖。解碼電路300可應用在電壓監控裝置中，用以產生放電控制信號D2~D8以及多個監控控制信號S1~S8。解碼電路300包括解碼器310以及320。解碼器310以及320共同接收輸入信號B0~B2。解碼器310針對輸入信號B0~B2進行解碼以產生監控控制信號S1~S8。解碼器320針對輸入信號B0~B2進行解碼以產生放電控制信號D2~D8。 Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 illustrates a solution of the voltage monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of an implementation of a code circuit. The decoding circuit 300 can be used in a voltage monitoring device to generate discharge control signals D2 ˜ D8 and a plurality of monitoring control signals S1 ˜ S8 . The decoding circuit 300 includes decoders 310 and 320 . The decoders 310 and 320 jointly receive the input signals B0 ˜ B2 . The decoder 310 decodes the input signals B0 ˜ B2 to generate the monitoring control signals S1 ˜ S8 . The decoder 320 decodes the input signals B0 ˜ B2 to generate the discharge control signals D2 ˜ D8 .

解碼器310以及320的可應用多個邏輯閘來實施。解碼器310以及320可透過本領域具通常知識者所熟知的數位電路的設計方式，來進行解碼器310以及320的硬體架構的設計。 The decoders 310 and 320 may be implemented using multiple logic gates. The hardware structures of the decoders 310 and 320 can be designed through the design methods of digital circuits well known to those skilled in the art.

以下請參照圖4，圖4繪示本發明另一實施例的電壓監控裝置的示意圖。電壓監控裝置400耦接至堆疊耦接的多個電池芯BC1~BC4。電壓監控裝置400包括電壓偵測電路421~424、電壓補償器410以及電壓偏移電路432~434、442~444。電壓補償器410包括放電電路412~414。放電電路412~414分別耦接至電池芯BC2~BC4的正極端與負極端間。電壓偏移電路432~434分別對應電池芯BC2~BC4，並分別耦接至電池芯BC2~BC4的正極端。 Please refer to FIG. 4 below. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a voltage monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The voltage monitoring device 400 is coupled to the plurality of battery cells BC1 - BC4 coupled in a stack. The voltage monitoring device 400 includes voltage detection circuits 421 - 424 , a voltage compensator 410 and voltage offset circuits 432 - 434 and 442 - 444 . The voltage compensator 410 includes discharge circuits 412 - 414 . The discharge circuits 412 ˜ 414 are respectively coupled to the positive terminals and the negative terminals of the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC4 . The voltage offset circuits 432 ˜ 434 correspond to the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC4 respectively, and are respectively coupled to the positive terminals of the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC4 .

電壓偏移電路432~434接收參考電壓V1並耦接至接地端GND。電壓偏移電路432~434另分別接收放電控制信號D2~D4。電壓偏移電路432~434並基於參考電壓V1，以分別偏移放電控制信號D2~D4的電壓值來產生偏移放電控制信號D2’~D4’。偏移放電控制信號D2’~D4’分別被提供至放電電路412~414，以使放電電路412~414執行電池芯BC2~BC4的放電動作。 The voltage offset circuits 432 - 434 receive the reference voltage V1 and are coupled to the ground terminal GND. The voltage offset circuits 432 ˜ 434 further receive the discharge control signals D2 ˜ D4 , respectively. The voltage offset circuits 432 to 434 generate offset discharge control signals D2' to D4' by respectively offsetting the voltage values of the discharge control signals D2 to D4 based on the reference voltage V1. The offset discharge control signals D2' to D4' are respectively provided to the discharge circuits 412 to 414, so that the discharge circuits 412 to 414 perform the discharge operation of the battery cells BC2 to BC4.

在另一方面，電壓偏移電路442~444分別對應電池芯BC2~BC4，並分別耦接至電池芯BC2~BC4的正極端。電壓偏移電路442~444接收參考電壓V1並耦接至接地端GND。電壓偏移電路442~444另分別接收監控控制信號S2~S4。電壓偏移電路442~444並基於參考電壓V1，以分別偏移監控控制信號S2~S4的電壓值來產生偏移監控控制信號S2’~S4’。偏移監控控制信號S2’~S4’分別被提供至電壓偵測電路422~424，以使電壓偵測電路422~424執行電池芯BC2~BC4的電壓偵測動作。 On the other hand, the voltage offset circuits 442 ˜ 444 correspond to the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC4 , respectively, and are respectively coupled to the positive terminals of the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC4 . The voltage offset circuits 442 - 444 receive the reference voltage V1 and are coupled to the ground terminal GND. The voltage offset circuits 442 ˜ 444 further receive the monitoring control signals S2 ˜ S4 , respectively. The voltage offset circuits 442-444 generate offset monitoring control signals S2'-S4' by offsetting the voltage values of the monitoring control signals S2-S4 respectively based on the reference voltage V1. The offset monitoring control signals S2'~S4' are respectively provided to the voltage detection circuits 422~424, so that the voltage detection circuits 422~424 perform the voltage detection operations of the battery cells BC2~BC4.

本實施例中的電壓偏移電路432~434、442~444可透過本領域具通常知識者所熟知的任意電壓偏移(level shifter)電路來建構，沒有特別的限制。 The voltage shift circuits 432 ˜ 434 , 442 ˜ 444 in this embodiment can be constructed by any level shifter circuit well known to those skilled in the art, and there is no special limitation.

在另一方面，本實施例中，放電電路412~414分別包括電晶體MD2~MD4以構成多個開關，放電電路412~414另分別包括由多個電阻構成的負載L2~L4。電晶體MD2~MD4分別受控於偏移放電控制信號D2’~D4’。電晶體MD2~MD4並分別與負載L2~L4串聯耦接在電池芯BC2~BC4的正極端與負極端間。其中，負載L2~L4所提供的電阻值均相同。 On the other hand, in this embodiment, the discharge circuits 412 - 414 respectively include transistors MD2 - MD4 to form a plurality of switches, and the discharge circuits 412 - 414 further include loads L2 - L4 formed by a plurality of resistors, respectively. The transistors MD2~MD4 are controlled by the offset discharge control signals D2'~D4' respectively. The transistors MD2 ˜ MD4 are respectively coupled in series with the loads L2 ˜ L4 between the positive terminals and the negative terminals of the battery cells BC2 ˜ BC4 . Among them, the resistance values provided by the loads L2-L4 are all the same.

電壓偵測電路421~424分別耦接至電池芯BC1~BC4。電壓偵測電路421~424分別包括電晶體MM1~MM4所構成的開關，電壓偵測電路421~424並分別包括由電阻構成的負載R1~R4。電晶體MM1~MM4分別與負載R1~R4串聯耦接，並分別串接於電池芯BC1~BC4的正極端與負極端間。其中，負載R9、R2~R4所提 供的電阻值的比可以為1：1：2：3，而負載R1所提供的電阻值可以為0，負載R2所提供的電阻值則可以與負載L2~L4的每一所提供的電阻值相同。 The voltage detection circuits 421 ˜ 424 are respectively coupled to the battery cells BC1 ˜ BC4 . The voltage detection circuits 421 to 424 respectively include switches composed of transistors MM1 to MM4, and the voltage detection circuits 421 to 424 respectively include loads R1 to R4 composed of resistors. The transistors MM1 ˜ MM4 are respectively coupled in series with the loads R1 ˜ R4 , and are respectively connected in series between the positive terminals and the negative terminals of the battery cells BC1 ˜BC4 . Among them, the load mentioned by R9, R2~R4 The ratio of the provided resistance values can be 1:1:2:3, while the resistance value provided by the load R1 can be 0, and the resistance value provided by the load R2 can be the same as the resistance value provided by each of the loads L2~L4. same.

值得一提的，本實施例的電晶體MM2~MM4受控於偏移監控控制信號S2’~S4’，電晶體MM1可受控於監控控制信號S1。此外，負載R4~R1並具有相互耦接的共同端，負載R9串接在上述共同端以及接地端GND間。上述的共同端上並產生監控電壓OUT。 It is worth mentioning that the transistors MM2 to MM4 in this embodiment are controlled by the offset monitoring control signals S2' to S4', and the transistor MM1 can be controlled by the monitoring control signal S1. In addition, the loads R4 ˜ R1 have a common terminal coupled to each other, and the load R9 is connected in series between the common terminal and the ground terminal GND. The above-mentioned common terminal generates the monitoring voltage OUT.

在本實施例中，假設初始的各個電池芯BC1~BC4的輸出電壓均相同(=電壓VCELL)，且為N型電晶體的電晶體MD2~MD4與為P型電晶體的電晶體MM1~MM4的導通電阻均遠小於1個負載L1的電阻值(1R)，則電壓偵測電路421~423進行電壓偵測時，流出各個電池芯BC1~BC4的電流均為電壓VCELL/電阻值1R。而電壓補償器410則同樣以電壓VCELL/電阻值1R的電流，以依據放電控制信號D2~D4，透過具有與電晶體MM1~MM3相同的導通時間來進行放電動作，即可將所有電池芯BC1~BC4的電量放電至具有相同的輸出電壓值。 In this embodiment, it is assumed that the initial output voltages of the battery cells BC1 to BC4 are the same (= voltage VCELL), and the transistors MD2 to MD4 are N-type transistors and the transistors MM1 to MM4 are P-type transistors. The on-resistances of BC1 and BC4 are far smaller than the resistance value (1R) of one load L1, so when the voltage detection circuits 421-423 perform voltage detection, the currents flowing out of the respective battery cells BC1-BC4 are the voltage VCELL/resistance value 1R. The voltage compensator 410 also uses the current of the voltage VCELL/resistance value 1R to discharge according to the discharge control signals D2-D4 and has the same on-time as the transistors MM1-MM3 to discharge, so that all the battery cells BC1 can be discharged. ~BC4 is discharged to have the same output voltage value.

附帶一提的，在本發明其他實施例中，上述的負載R1~R4、R9、L2~L4的電阻值也可以透過不同的方式來實施。如此一來，對應電壓偵測電路421~424執行電壓偵測動作時，所產生的相同或不相同的放電電流，電壓監控裝置400可透過調整放電電路412~414的放電動作的執行時間，並藉以達到使電池芯 BC1~BC4的輸出電壓實質上相同的結果。 Incidentally, in other embodiments of the present invention, the resistance values of the above-mentioned loads R1 ˜ R4 , R9 , L2 ˜ L4 can also be implemented in different ways. In this way, corresponding to the same or different discharge currents generated when the voltage detection circuits 421 - 424 perform the voltage detection operations, the voltage monitoring device 400 can adjust the execution time of the discharge operations of the discharge circuits 412 - 414 , and to make the battery cell The output voltages of BC1~BC4 are substantially the same result.

在此請注意，本實施例中的負載L2~L4以及R1~R4除可應用電阻來實施外，也可應用本領域具通常知識者所熟知，可提供電流流通路徑的任意電子元件來建構(例如電流源)，沒有固定的限制。 Please note that the loads L2 ˜ L4 and R1 ˜ R4 in this embodiment can be implemented by using resistors, and can also be constructed by using any electronic components known to those skilled in the art that can provide current flow paths ( such as current sources), with no fixed limit.

以下請參照圖5，圖5繪示本發明另一實施例的電壓監控裝置的示意圖。電壓監控裝置500耦接至堆疊耦接的多個電池芯BC1~BC4。電壓監控裝置500包括電壓偵測電路521~524以及電壓補償器510。與前述實施例不相同的，電壓補償器510包括放電電路512~514以及輔助放電電路511。其中，輔助放電電路511設置在堆疊式電池芯BC1~BC4中，最底層的第一電池芯BC1的正極端以及負極端間。其中電池芯BC1的負極端直接連接至接地端GND。輔助放電電路511的設置用以提升電壓補償器510的電路匹配與對稱性，可提升其表現度。 Please refer to FIG. 5 below. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The voltage monitoring device 500 is coupled to the plurality of battery cells BC1 - BC4 coupled in a stack. The voltage monitoring device 500 includes voltage detection circuits 521 - 524 and a voltage compensator 510 . Different from the foregoing embodiments, the voltage compensator 510 includes discharge circuits 512 to 514 and an auxiliary discharge circuit 511 . The auxiliary discharge circuit 511 is disposed in the stacked battery cells BC1 to BC4, between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the bottommost first battery cell BC1. The negative terminal of the battery cell BC1 is directly connected to the ground terminal GND. The arrangement of the auxiliary discharge circuit 511 is used to improve the circuit matching and symmetry of the voltage compensator 510, which can improve its performance.

綜上所述，本發明的電壓監控裝置，可在部分電池芯進行電壓偵測動作時，使其餘的電池芯進行對等的放電動作。如此一來，可維持堆疊式電池芯中的所有電池芯的輸出電壓實質上相等，延長電池芯的使用壽命。 To sum up, the voltage monitoring device of the present invention can cause the other battery cells to perform an equal discharge operation when some of the battery cells perform the voltage detection operation. In this way, the output voltages of all the battery cells in the stacked battery cells can be maintained to be substantially equal, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery cells.

100:電壓監控裝置100: Voltage monitoring device

110:電壓補償器110: Voltage compensator

121~128:電壓偵測電路121~128: Voltage detection circuit

BC1~BC8:電池芯BC1~BC8: battery cell

OUT:監控電壓OUT: monitor voltage

R9:電阻R9: Resistor

Claims (8)

一種電壓監控裝置，耦接至N個電池芯，包括：多個電壓偵測電路，分別耦接至該些電池芯，用以針對該些電池芯進行電壓偵測動作；以及一電壓補償器，在當該些電壓偵測電路針對第1個至第M個電池芯進行電壓偵測動作時，該電壓補償器針對該第1個至該第M個電池芯以外的至少一其餘電池芯進行放電動作，其中M為小於N的正整數，且N為大於1的整數，並且，各該電壓偵測電路包括一第一開關以及一第一負載；該第一開關依據一監控控制信號以被導通或斷開；該第一負載與該第一開關串聯耦接在對應的電池芯的正極端與負極端間；以及該第一開關被導通時，對應的該電壓偵測電路透過一下拉電阻以產生一監控電壓；其中，該電壓補償器包括多個第一電壓偏移電路，偏移多個放電控制信號的電壓值以產生多個偏移放電控制信號，並使該些偏移放電控制信號以分別控制該些放電電路的放電動作；以及多個第二電壓偏移電路，偏移多個監控控制信號的電壓值以產生多個偏移監控控制信號，並使該些偏移放電控制信號以分別控制該些電壓偵測電路的電壓監控動作。 A voltage monitoring device, coupled to N battery cells, includes: a plurality of voltage detection circuits, respectively coupled to the battery cells, for performing a voltage detection operation on the battery cells; and a voltage compensator, When the voltage detection circuits perform voltage detection operations for the first to M th battery cells, the voltage compensator discharges at least one remaining battery cell except the first to M th battery cells Action, wherein M is a positive integer less than N, and N is an integer greater than 1, and each of the voltage detection circuits includes a first switch and a first load; the first switch is turned on according to a monitoring control signal or disconnected; the first load and the first switch are coupled in series between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the corresponding battery cell; and when the first switch is turned on, the corresponding voltage detection circuit passes a pull-down resistor to generating a monitoring voltage; wherein the voltage compensator includes a plurality of first voltage offset circuits, which offset the voltage values of a plurality of discharge control signals to generate a plurality of offset discharge control signals, and make the offset discharge control signals to respectively control the discharge actions of the discharge circuits; and a plurality of second voltage offset circuits to offset the voltage values of the plurality of monitoring control signals to generate a plurality of offset monitoring control signals, and to make the offset discharge control signals to separately control the voltage monitoring actions of the voltage detection circuits. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電壓監控裝置，其中該電壓補償器包括多個放電電路，該些放電電路分別耦接至一第二電池芯至一第N電池芯。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the voltage compensator includes a plurality of discharge circuits, and the discharge circuits are respectively coupled to a second battery cell to an Nth battery cell. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的電壓監控裝置，其中各該放電電路包括：一第二開關，受控於一放電控制信號以被導通或斷開；以及一第二負載，與該第二開關串聯耦接在對應的電池芯的正極端與負極端間。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 2, wherein each of the discharge circuits comprises: a second switch controlled by a discharge control signal to be turned on or off; and a second load, connected to the second switch The switches are coupled in series between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the corresponding battery cell. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的電壓監控裝置，其中該第二開關為電晶體開關，該第二負載為電阻。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 3, wherein the second switch is a transistor switch, and the second load is a resistor. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的電壓監控裝置，其中該電壓補償器更包括：一輔助放電電路，耦接在一第一電池芯的正極端以及負極端間，其中該第一電池芯直接連接至接地端。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the voltage compensator further comprises: an auxiliary discharge circuit coupled between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a first battery cell, wherein the first battery cell directly Connect to ground. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電壓監控裝置，其中該第一開關為電晶體開關，該第一負載為電阻。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the first switch is a transistor switch, and the first load is a resistor. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電壓監控裝置，更包括：一解碼電路，接收一輸入信號，針對該輸入信號進行解碼以產生多個放電控制信號以及多個監控控制信號。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising: a decoding circuit that receives an input signal and decodes the input signal to generate a plurality of discharge control signals and a plurality of monitoring control signals. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電壓監控裝置，其中該些電池芯相互堆疊串接。 The voltage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the battery cells are stacked and connected in series.
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