CN108418272A - Consider the battery pack balancing system and control method of battery life - Google Patents

Consider the battery pack balancing system and control method of battery life Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108418272A
CN108418272A CN201810264044.3A CN201810264044A CN108418272A CN 108418272 A CN108418272 A CN 108418272A CN 201810264044 A CN201810264044 A CN 201810264044A CN 108418272 A CN108418272 A CN 108418272A
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battery
voltage
life
battery life
module
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CN108418272B (en
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曾小华
王星琦
宋大凤
杨南南
王振伟
崔皓勇
云千芮
孙楚琪
刘持林
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Jilin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of battery pack balancing systems and control method considering battery life, including sampling module, balance module, battery life predicting module and control module, the battery information that battery life predicting module receives sampling module acquisition predicts battery life；When control module enters charging and discharging state for battery pack, receive the battery cell information that sampling module acquires and the battery life information that battery life predicting module obtains, it calculates the voltage difference of neighboring unit cell and judges whether to reach preset value, determining needs balanced neighboring unit cell and balanced required time, control balance module to execute.The voltage difference of neighboring unit cell is corrected using the battery life information that battery life predicting module provides, effectively consider the situation that different monomers battery life attenuation degree difference causes battery open circuit voltage inconsistent, it can improve equalization efficiency to avoid energy dissipation caused by equilibrium excessively, reduce time for balance, effectively improve battery life.

Description

Consider the battery pack balancing system and control method of battery life
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery pack balancing fields, and in particular to it is a kind of consider battery life battery pack balancing system and control Method processed.
Background technology
In order to meet new-energy automobile large capacity, high power requirements, generally hundreds of section single battery connection in series-parallel are made in groups With.And the inconsistency of single battery, by cause battery in charge and discharge voltage and electricity it is unbalanced.With charge and discharge number Increase, it is this it is unbalanced will be more and more obvious, finally make service life and the capacity rapid decrease of battery.The Balance route of battery pack The utilization rate in the service life and whole capacity of battery pack entirety can be improved, therefore is of great significance.
Battery equalizing circuit is divided into dissipation and dissipates two kinds with non-, dissipative type circuit because loss of energy, and research is gradually few；Non- dissipation Circuit substantially reduces power consumption very little, fever, and can control balanced electric current, more flexible to realize Balance policy.Existing non-dissipation battery pack balancing system and equalization methods are usually the single battery of monitoring battery pack in real time Voltage, and whether the voltage difference between real-time judge adjacent cell monomer meets equalization request, occupies the interior of control module significantly It deposits.Such as Chinese patent publication No. CN104113110A, date of publication 2014-10-22, by monitor in real time battery cell voltage or Battery charge state (SOC) judges to need balanced monomer, higher to battery controller request memory.Simultaneously as not considering battery Life time decay leads to the case where practical open-circuit voltage of battery declines, the practical open-circuit voltage of different monomers battery is not quite similar, to Lead to excessively balanced, the waste of energy, reduction equalization efficiency, the increase balanced required time when increase is balanced between single battery.Such as Chinese patent publication No. is CN105703440A, and date of publication 2016-6-22 discloses a kind of battery equalizing circuit, utilizes electricity The high single battery energy of container storage voltage gives voltage low single battery charging, but does not consider that battery life decaying causes The case where practical open-circuit voltage of battery reduces, may result in the waste of transfer energy.
Invention content
Existing battery pack balancing system needs real-time judge and determines to need balanced single battery, occupies control module significantly Memory, and do not consider that there is a situation where agings to cause the reduction of its open-circuit voltage for battery cell, may result between single battery Overbalance greatly reduces the equalization efficiency of battery pack, increases time for balance.In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides A kind of battery pack balancing system and control method considering battery life, has that equalization efficiency is high, occupies control module memory Less, the advantages of effectively improving battery life.
The technical scheme is that：
1. a kind of battery pack balancing system considering battery life, including sampling module, balance module, battery life predicting Module and control module, the battery life predicting module receive the battery information of sampling module acquisition, predict battery life；Institute When stating control module and entering charging and discharging state for battery pack, battery cell information and the battery longevity of sampling module acquisition are received The battery life information that life prediction module obtains, calculates the voltage difference of neighboring unit cell and judges whether to reach predeterminated voltage Difference, it is determining to need balanced neighboring unit cell and balanced required time, and according to all neighboring unit cells for needing equilibrium Time for balance controls balance module and carries out equilibrium treatment.
2. a kind of battery pack balancing control method considering battery life, includes the following steps：
1) when battery pack enters charging and discharging state, the battery information and battery life of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition are received The battery life information that prediction module obtains；
2) calculate the voltage difference and judging whether between neighboring unit cell and reach that predeterminated voltage is poor, determine need it is balanced adjacent Single battery and balanced required time；
3) according to needing balanced all neighboring unit cell time for balance control balance module to carry out equilibrium treatment, every time T minutes (T is scalar quantity, depending on specific battery types) is needed to wait at the end of weighing apparatus, until monomer battery voltage falling after again into Row is next time balanced.
Battery life predicting method in the step 1) is specially:
(1) the battery life off-line modeling stage：
1. single battery is according to typical discharges periodic discharging, time sampling voltage data, selects constant-current discharge mould at equal intervals Formula, the corresponding monitoring data of extraction each cycle constant-current discharge pattern include voltage, electric current and period index value, and in each cycle knot Beam stands T minutes (T is scalar quantity, depending on specific battery types), and measurement current monolithic battery charge state (SOC) is corresponding afterwards Open-circuit voltage values；
2. selecting a high-voltage value VmaxWith a low voltage value VminPressure drop model as pressure drops discharge times such as calculating It encloses.Wherein VmaxRefer to the high voltage for starting to calculate discharge time, VminRefer to the low-voltage for terminating timing, obtains in discharge mode In Vmax—VminVoltage corresponding discharge time in range, the discharge time calculated in above-mentioned voltage range is poor, obtains equipressure Discharge time sequence drops；
3. using the degeneration relational model between pressure drops discharge time, SOC and open-circuit voltage such as neural network, will wait Pressure drop time sequence, SOC and open-circuit voltage sequence are respectively as the input data set and output data set of neural network model, instruction Practice neural network and obtains cell degradation relational model；
(2) battery life predicting：
Receive the battery information of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition and the pressure drops discharge time such as carry out data processing extraction and SOC inputs cell degradation relationship neural network model, obtains the practical open-circuit voltage predicted value of battery, and remaining battery life RUL is fixed Justice is：
RUL values are 0~1, Voc_aFor the practical open-circuit voltage predicted value of battery, VocOpen-circuit voltage when dispatching from the factory for battery Value.
In the step 2) based on battery life information calculate neighboring unit cell between the method for voltage difference be：
By taking two neighboring single battery as an example, number is respectively 1 and 2, according to the battery of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition Information of voltage U1And U2And the battery cell life information RUL that battery life predicting module obtains1And RUL2, definition Δact_lifeFor,
Δact_life=U* (RUL1-RUL2)
Voltage difference formula using remaining battery life Information revision neighboring unit cell is：
Δ U=U1-U2-Δact_life*(-1)n
Work as U1≥U2And Δact_lifeWhen >=0, n=2；Work as U1≥U2And Δact_lifeWhen ＜ 0, n=1；
Work as U2＞ U1And Δact_lifeWhen≤0, n=2；Work as U2＞ U1And Δact_lifeWhen ＞ 0, n=1.
Predeterminated voltage difference is according to the efficiency meters of the circuit elements such as circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube, switch in circuit in the step 2) It obtains.
Balanced required time is specially in the step 2)：
Being searched by pre-stored parameter value according to voltage difference between neighboring unit cell needs balanced all neighboring unit cells Time for balance.
Balance module balanced way in the step 3) is specifically ,' by the larger single battery of voltage between neighboring unit cell In energy be transferred in the smaller single battery of voltage by circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
(1) be directed to battery remaining power can not on-line measurement the problem of, propose a kind of to survey outer parameter based on battery and realize electricity The method of pond life prediction, to realize the real vehicle application of battery life predicting；
(2) utilize the battery life information that battery life predicting provides to correct the voltage difference of neighboring unit cell, effectively consider The situation that different monomers battery life attenuation degree differences causes the practical open-circuit voltage of battery inconsistent, can be to avoid excessively balanced Caused by energy dissipation, improve equalization efficiency, reduce time for balance；
(3) the battery life provided according to the battery cell information of sampling module acquisition and battery life predicting module is believed Breath calculates the voltage difference of neighboring unit cell, and control module determines the neighboring unit cell for needing equilibrium and needs balanced adjacent monomer The time for balance of battery, is not required to whether real-time judge neighboring unit cell needs equilibrium, under the requirement for meeting battery pack balancing Significantly reduce the memory usage of control module.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of battery pack balancing system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is battery pack balancing control method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is battery life predicting method flow diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
1. such as Fig. 1, a kind of battery pack balancing system considering battery life, including sampling module, balance module, battery longevity Life prediction module and control module, battery pack pass through sampling module, balance module and battery life predicting module and control module It is connected.The battery life predicting module receives the battery information of sampling module acquisition, predicts battery life；The control module When entering charging and discharging state for battery pack, the battery cell information and battery life predicting module of sampling module acquisition are received Obtained battery life information calculates the voltage difference between neighboring unit cell and judges whether to reach predeterminated voltage poor, and determining needs Balanced neighboring unit cell and balanced required time, and according to all neighboring unit cell time for balance controls for needing equilibrium Balance module processed carries out equilibrium treatment.
In specific implementation, the control module can be battery manager.Preferably, which further includes that storage is single Member can avoid balance module to adjacent monomer electricity in this way for storing the time for balance for needing balanced all neighboring unit cells The non-equilibrium in pond the drawbacks of unexpected power down is brought when finishing, you can ensure the reliability of battery pack balancing system work.
In specific implementation, the balance module includes circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube and switch, the switch, circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube and Single battery is connected, and same circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube is connected with neighboring unit cell respectively by two switches, equal when meeting When weighing apparatus requires, is opened with the concatenated switch of the single battery of high voltage, charge to circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube, opened after charging complete It closes, is opened with the concatenated switch of the single battery of low-voltage, circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube discharges to the single battery, adjacent to complete Equilibrium between single battery.
2. a kind of such as Fig. 2, battery pack balancing control method considering battery life, includes the following steps：
1) when battery pack enters charging and discharging state, the battery information and battery life of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition are received The battery life information that prediction module obtains；
2) it calculates the voltage difference of neighboring unit cell and judges whether to reach the adjacent list that predeterminated voltage is poor, and determination need to be balanced Body battery and balanced required time；
3) according to needing balanced all neighboring unit cell time for balance control balance module to carry out equilibrium treatment, every time T minutes (T is scalar quantity, depending on specific battery types) is needed to wait at the end of weighing apparatus, until monomer battery voltage falling after again into Row is next time balanced.
Such as Fig. 3, the battery life predicting method in the step 1) is specially:
(1) the battery life off-line modeling stage：
1. single battery is according to typical discharges periodic discharging, time sampling voltage data, selects constant-current discharge mould at equal intervals Formula, the corresponding monitoring data of extraction each cycle constant-current discharge pattern include voltage, electric current and period index value, and in each cycle knot Beam stands T minutes (T is scalar quantity, depending on specific battery types), and measurement current monolithic battery charge state (SOC) is corresponding afterwards Open-circuit voltage values；
2. selecting a high-voltage value VmaxWith a low voltage value VminPressure drop model as pressure drops discharge times such as calculating It encloses.Wherein VmaxRefer to the high voltage for starting to calculate discharge time, VminRefer to the low-voltage for terminating timing, obtains in discharge mode In Vmax—VminVoltage corresponding discharge time in range, the discharge time calculated in above-mentioned voltage range is poor, obtains equipressure Discharge time sequence drops；
3. using the degeneration relational model between pressure drops discharge time, SOC and open-circuit voltage such as neural network, will wait Pressure drop time sequence, SOC and open-circuit voltage sequence are respectively as the input data set and output data set of neural network model, instruction Practice neural network and obtains cell degradation relational model；
(2) battery life predicting：
Receive the battery information of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition and the pressure drops discharge time such as carry out data processing extraction and SOC inputs cell degradation relationship neural network model, obtains the practical open-circuit voltage predicted value of battery, and remaining battery life RUL is fixed Justice is：
RUL values are 0~1, Voc_aFor the practical open-circuit voltage predicted value of battery, VocOpen-circuit voltage when dispatching from the factory for battery Value.
In the step 2) based on battery life information calculate neighboring unit cell between the method for voltage difference be：
By taking two neighboring single battery as an example, number is respectively 1 and 2, according to the battery of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition Information of voltage U1And U2And the battery cell life information RUL that battery life predicting module obtains1And RUL2, definition Δact_lifeFor,
Δact_life=U* (RUL1-RUL2)
Using battery life information correct neighboring unit cell voltage difference formula be：
Δ U=U1-U2-Δact_life*(-1)n
Work as U1≥U2And Δact_lifeWhen >=0, n=2；Work as U1≥U2And Δact_lifeWhen ＜ 0, n=1；
Work as U2＞ U1And Δact_lifeWhen≤0, n=2；Work as U2＞ U1And Δact_lifeWhen ＞ 0, n=1.
Predeterminated voltage difference is according to the efficiency meters of the circuit elements such as circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube, switch in circuit in the step 2) It obtains.
Balanced required time is specially in the step 2)：
Being searched by the parameter value to prestore according to voltage difference between neighboring unit cell needs balanced all neighboring unit cells Time for balance.
The parameter value to prestore can obtain in the following way：
According to battery behavior many experiments, single battery is obtained in the case where phase induced current, relevant temperature are adjusted, by concrete numerical value Energy transfer to single battery of the energy transfer to circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube and circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube by concrete numerical value needed for when Between.
Balance module balanced way in the step 3) is specifically ,' by the larger single battery of voltage between neighboring unit cell In energy be transferred in the smaller single battery of voltage by circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of battery pack balancing system considering battery life, which is characterized in that including sampling module, balance module, battery Life prediction module and control module, the battery life predicting module receive the battery information of sampling module acquisition, prediction electricity The pond service life；When the control module enters charging and discharging state for battery pack, the battery cell letter of sampling module acquisition is received The battery life information that breath and battery life predicting module obtain calculates the voltage difference between neighboring unit cell and judges whether to reach It is poor to predeterminated voltage, it is determining to need balanced neighboring unit cell and balanced required time, and according to all phases for needing equilibrium Adjacent single battery time for balance control balance module carries out equilibrium treatment.
2. a kind of battery pack balancing control method considering battery life, includes the following steps：
1) when battery pack enters charging and discharging state, the battery cell information and battery life predicting mould of sampling module acquisition are received The battery life information that block obtains；
2) voltage difference and judging whether for calculating neighboring unit cell reaches that predeterminated voltage is poor, and determining needs balanced adjacent monomer electricity Pond and balanced required time；
3) balanced every time to tie according to all neighboring unit cell time for balance control balance module progress equilibrium treatment for needing equilibrium T minutes (T is scalar quantity, depending on specific battery types) is needed to wait for when beam, is carried out down again after monomer battery voltage falling It is primary balanced；
Battery life predicting method in the step 1) is specially:
(1) the battery life off-line modeling stage：
1. single battery is according to typical discharges periodic discharging, time sampling voltage data, selects constant-current discharge pattern, carries at equal intervals It includes voltage, electric current and period index value to take the corresponding monitoring data of each cycle constant-current discharge pattern, and is terminated in each cycle quiet It sets T minutes (T is scalar quantity, depending on specific battery types) and measures current monolithic battery charge state (SOC) afterwards and corresponding open Road voltage value；
2. selecting a high-voltage value VmaxWith a low voltage value VminAs calculate etc. pressure drops discharge time pressure drop range, Middle VmaxRefer to the high voltage for starting to calculate discharge time, VminRefer to terminate timing low-voltage, obtain in discharge mode Vmax—VminVoltage corresponding discharge time in range, the discharge time calculated in above-mentioned voltage range is poor, obtains equal pressure drops Discharge time sequence；
3. using the degeneration relational model between pressure drops discharge time, SOC and open-circuit voltage such as neural network, the pressure drops such as general Time series, SOC and open-circuit voltage sequence are respectively as the input data set and output data set of neural network model, training god Cell degradation relational model is obtained through network；
(2) battery life predicting：
It receives the battery information of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition and the pressure drops discharge time such as carry out data processing extraction and SOC is defeated Enter cell degradation relationship neural network model, obtain the practical open-circuit voltage predicted value of battery, remaining battery life RUL is defined as：
RUL values are 0~1, Voc_aFor the practical open-circuit voltage predicted value of battery, VocOpen-circuit voltage values when dispatching from the factory for battery；
In the step 2) based on battery life information calculate neighboring unit cell between the method for voltage difference be：
By taking two neighboring single battery as an example, number is respectively 1 and 2, according to the cell voltage of the battery pack of sampling module acquisition Information U1And U2And the battery cell life information RUL that battery life predicting module obtains1And RUL2, define Δact_life For,
Δact_life=U* (RUL1-RUL2)
Using battery life information correct neighboring unit cell voltage difference formula be：
Δ U=U1-U2-Δact_life*(-1)n
Work as U1≥U2And Δact_lifeWhen >=0, n=2；Work as U1≥U2And Δact_lifeWhen ＜ 0, n=1；
Work as U2＞ U1And Δact_lifeWhen≤0, n=2；Work as U2＞ U1And Δact_lifeWhen ＞ 0, n=1；
Predeterminated voltage difference is obtained according to the efficiency calculation of the circuit elements such as circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube, switch in circuit in the step 2) It arrives；
Balanced required time is specially in the step 2)：
Being searched by pre-stored parameter value according to voltage difference between neighboring unit cell needs the equilibrium of balanced all neighboring unit cells Time；
Balance module balanced way in the step 3) is specifically ,' by the larger single battery of voltage between neighboring unit cell Energy is transferred to by circuit energy-storage travelling wave tube in the smaller single battery of voltage.
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