TWI740251B - Low-headroom excavator and assembly method thereof - Google Patents

Low-headroom excavator and assembly method thereof Download PDF

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TWI740251B
TWI740251B TW108139258A TW108139258A TWI740251B TW I740251 B TWI740251 B TW I740251B TW 108139258 A TW108139258 A TW 108139258A TW 108139258 A TW108139258 A TW 108139258A TW I740251 B TWI740251 B TW I740251B
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excavator
excavator body
crane
low
lifting mechanism
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TW108139258A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW202033877A (en
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山本武一
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日商山本基礎工業股份有限公司
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/024—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting having means for adapting to inclined terrain; having means for stabilizing the vehicle while drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
    • E02F3/4133—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device grabs carried out as loaders or mounted on a tractor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/122—Working or loading platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

An excavator body includes a lift mechanism arranged on the left and right sides thereof; and a crane mechanism that is detachably mounted. The lift mechanism has a reference position arranged parallel to a horizontal frame on the left and right sides of the excavator body, and an overhanging position configured to overhang outwardly from the left and right sides of the excavator body. The lift mechanism lifts the excavator body to a predetermined height at the overhanging position configured to overhang outwardly from the left and right sides of the excavator body. The crane mechanism has a crane support member mounted rotatable with respect to the excavator body, and a slide beam mounted at the crane support member and allowing a chain block to be slidably overhung therefrom, wherein the slide beam revolves accompanying the rotation of the crane support member mounted on a tubing portion of the excavator body.

Description

低頂空挖掘機及其組裝工法 Low-headspace excavator and its assembly method

本發明係關於一種具備挖掘機本體與可裝設於該挖掘機本體之行進體的低頂空挖掘機及其組裝工法。 The invention relates to a low-head space excavator having an excavator body and a traveling body which can be installed on the excavator body and an assembly method thereof.

在建設現場的基樁建造工程中，使用架台與迴旋式鑽孔機組合而成的挖掘機來進行挖掘作業。具體而言，係使用全套管工法：使鑽孔機迴旋以使套管旋轉且同時將套管壓入地中，且藉由懸吊在架台的錘式抓斗對該套管內的土進行挖掘作業。 In the foundation pile construction project at the construction site, an excavator composed of a stand and a rotary drilling machine is used for excavation. Specifically, a full pipework method is used: the drilling machine is rotated to rotate the casing while pressing the casing into the ground, and the soil in the casing is carried out by a hammer grab suspended on the stand. Excavation operations.

例如，日本特開平10-205261號公報及日本特開平10-205263號公報中所揭示的全套管工法中，首先，藉由油壓裝置使鑽孔機所具備的夾鉗裝置、迴旋馬達、拉拔缸等動作。藉此，套管係夾鉗於夾鉗裝置，且在藉由迴旋馬達而旋轉的同時藉由拉拔缸***地中。接著，使用懸吊在前述架台的錘式抓斗挖掘套管內，且進行將所挖掘出的土排出至遠離套管之場所的作業。 For example, in the complete pipework method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-205261 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-205263, first, a hydraulic device is used to make the clamping device, swing motor, and puller equipped with the drill Pull cylinder and other actions. Thereby, the sleeve is clamped to the clamping device, and is inserted into the ground by the drawing cylinder while being rotated by the swing motor. Next, the casing is excavated using a hammer grab suspended on the aforementioned stand, and the excavated soil is discharged to a place away from the casing.

此挖掘作業係在懸吊於架台的錘式抓斗垂降至套管內之後，鬆開絞盤，使錘式抓斗從預定的高度墜落而進行。由於錘式抓斗墜落，使得錘式抓斗 的前端張開著的爪殼刺入地下，由此狀態捲起絞盤，藉此關閉爪殼以撈起砂石等。 This excavation operation is carried out after the hammer grab suspended on the stand is dropped into the casing, the winch is loosened, and the hammer grab falls from a predetermined height. As the hammer grab fell, making the hammer grab The open claw shell of the front end pierces the ground, and the winch is rolled up in this state, thereby closing the claw shell to pick up sand and gravel.

就上述挖掘機而言，由於係以錘式抓斗、套管等挖掘單元懸吊在架台的狀態下進行挖掘、搬運，因此挖掘機的上方需要寬廣的作業空間。是故，在有屋頂的場所、隧道等高度受到限制的場所，有無法使用此種挖掘機的問題。就改善此問題的手段而言，已揭示了一種使前述架台朝水平方向滑動而可運送套管、H型鋼等的懸吊搬運裝置(日本特開平8-48492號公報)。此搬運裝置係在載置於可自走移動之台車上的狀態下移動至高度方向之空間受到限制的狹窄作業場所附近。然後，反覆地使前端部懸吊著鑽掘管等的軌道左右方向滑移而埋入於預定的挖掘場所。 In the above-mentioned excavator, since excavation and transportation are carried out in a state where an excavating unit such as a hammer grab and a casing is suspended from a stand, a wide working space is required above the excavator. Therefore, there is a problem that this type of excavator cannot be used in places with roofs, tunnels, and other places where the height is restricted. Regarding the means for improving this problem, a suspension conveying device that can transport casing pipes, H-beams, etc. by sliding the aforementioned frame in the horizontal direction has been disclosed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-48492). This conveying device is moved to the vicinity of a narrow working place where the space in the height direction is restricted while being placed on a self-propelled trolley. Then, the rails on which the boring pipe or the like is suspended at the tip portion are repeatedly slid in the left-right direction and buried in a predetermined excavation site.

日本特許第5621026號揭示一種在具有行進體之基底部上具備迴旋式水平機架的低頂空挖掘機。此低頂空挖掘機係構成為於支撐前述水平機架的支柱具備可開閉的臂，藉由此臂的開閉而可變更水平機架的高度。 Japanese Patent No. 5621026 discloses a low-head space excavator equipped with a revolving horizontal frame on a base with a traveling body. This low-head space excavator is configured to have an openable and closable arm on a pillar supporting the horizontal frame, and the height of the horizontal frame can be changed by opening and closing the arm.

日本特許第6088093號揭示一種低頂空挖掘機，該低頂空挖掘機係具備升降機構，藉由此升降機構進行用以使挖掘單元水平移動之水平機架的高度調整，其中該升降機構係將挖掘單元支撐成可水平移動於移動所需之最小限度的高度起至挖掘所需之最小限度之高度以上的範圍。 Japanese Patent No. 6088093 discloses a low-headspace excavator. The low-headspace excavator is equipped with a lifting mechanism. The height adjustment of the horizontal frame used to move the excavating unit horizontally is carried out by the lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism is The excavation unit is supported to be horizontally movable from the minimum height required for movement to above the minimum height required for excavation.

如上所述，就如日本特開平10-205261號公報及日本特開平10-205263號公報所揭示之習知的挖掘機而言，由於藉由起重機等重型機械將旋轉壓入裝置設置於挖掘場所，且藉由重型機械將經由該旋轉壓入裝置而用於進行挖掘之套管、錘式抓斗等挖掘單元搬入挖掘場所，因此會難以在作業空間狹窄的 場所進行作業。此外，由於在高度方向之空間受到限制的場所，無法使用大型的起重機，因此會有無法進行足夠深度之挖掘的問題。 As described above, in the conventional excavators disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-205261 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-205263, the rotary pressing device is installed in the excavation site by heavy machinery such as cranes. , And heavy machinery is used to carry the casing, hammer grab and other excavation units used for excavation through the rotary press-in device into the excavation site, so it will be difficult to work in a narrow working space Site for operations. In addition, in places where the space in the height direction is restricted, large cranes cannot be used, so there is a problem that excavation of sufficient depth cannot be carried out.

此外，即使是低頂空型的挖掘機，在既有之建築物的地下等進行基礎的重新打實、補強等挖掘作業時，亦必須使其通過例如較挖掘場所在高度方向之空間更受到限制的場所，或當建築物內有梁、懸垂自頂面的障礙物時，使其避開該等障礙物來移動。因此，要使挖掘機移動至目的地的挖掘場所時，需先行分解挖掘單元及使該挖掘單元水平移動之水平機架的一部分，再於挖掘作業場所進行組裝的作業。 In addition, even with a low-head space excavator, when performing excavation operations such as re-solidification and reinforcement of the foundation of an existing building, it must pass through, for example, a space that is more exposed to the height of the excavation site. Restricted places, or when there are beams or obstacles hanging from the top surface in the building, make it move by avoiding such obstacles. Therefore, when moving the excavator to the destination excavation site, it is necessary to disassemble the excavation unit and a part of the horizontal frame that moves the excavation unit horizontally, and then perform assembly work at the excavation site.

就日本特許第5621026號所揭示之低頂空挖掘機而言，係將可水平移動地支撐挖掘單元之水平機架的高度設定為挖掘所需之最小限度的高度。此時，即使前述水平機架可藉由設於支柱之臂的開閉而些微地上下移動，亦難以避開既有之建築物內之更低的梁、懸垂自頂面的障礙物而移動。 For the low headspace excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5621026, the height of the horizontal frame that supports the excavating unit horizontally is set to the minimum height required for excavation. At this time, even if the horizontal frame can slightly move up and down by opening and closing the arms provided on the pillars, it is difficult to move without avoiding the lower beams in the existing buildings and the obstacles hanging from the top surface.

就日本特許第6088093號所揭示之低頂空挖掘機而言，係形成為將挖掘機本體搬運至預定的挖掘場所，且在現場使用起重機等搬入水平機架而進行組裝的構造。因此，難以在高度方向之空間受到限制的場所進行組裝。此外，必須調度另外的吊車而有作業變得繁雜的問題。 The low-head space excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6088093 is a structure in which the excavator body is transported to a predetermined excavation site, and a crane or the like is used on site to carry it into a horizontal frame for assembly. Therefore, it is difficult to assemble in a place where the space in the height direction is restricted. In addition, another crane must be dispatched, and there is a problem that the work becomes complicated.

本發明之目的係提供一種具備挖掘機本體與使該挖掘機本體自走之行進體的低頂空挖掘機及其組裝工法。挖掘機本體與行進體係可分別運送至預定的挖掘場所，且易於在現場進行組裝及分解者。 The object of the present invention is to provide a low-head space excavator having an excavator body and a traveling body that makes the excavator body self-propelled, and an assembling method thereof. The excavator body and the traveling system can be transported to a predetermined excavation site separately, and are easy to assemble and disassemble on site.

為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭示之低頂空挖掘機係具備挖掘機本體，挖掘機本體係設有：沉管部，係使挖掘單元伸入地中；及水平機架，係在該沉管部上將前述挖掘單元支撐成可平移動；前述挖掘機本體係更具備：升降機構，係配置在該挖掘機本體的左右兩側；及起重機構，係裝設成可拆裝； In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the low-head space excavator disclosed in the present invention is equipped with an excavator body, and the excavator system is provided with: an immersed pipe part, which allows the excavating unit to extend into the ground; and a horizontal frame, which is attached to the sinker. The pipe part supports the aforementioned excavating unit to be movable horizontally; the aforementioned excavator system is further equipped with: a lifting mechanism, which is arranged on the left and right sides of the excavator body; and a crane mechanism, which is installed in a removable manner;

前述升降機構係具有：基準位置，係配置成在挖掘機本體之左右兩側與水平機架平行；及伸出位置，係配置成從挖掘機本體之兩側向外伸出；前述升降機構係在配置成從挖掘機本體之兩側向外伸出之伸出位置，將前述挖掘機本體舉升至預定的高度； The aforementioned lifting mechanism has: a reference position, which is arranged to be parallel to the horizontal frame on the left and right sides of the excavator body; and an extension position, which is arranged to extend outward from both sides of the excavator body; the aforementioned lifting mechanism is Lift the aforementioned excavator body to a predetermined height at the protruding position configured to extend outward from both sides of the excavator body;

前述起重機構係具備：起重機支撐構件，係安裝成可相對於前述挖掘機本體旋轉；及滑樑，係安裝於起重機支撐構件，供鏈吊車可滑動地懸吊；前述滑樑係伴隨著安裝於前述挖掘機本體之沉管部上之起重機支撐構件的旋轉而迴旋。 The crane structure is provided with: a crane support member which is installed so as to be rotatable relative to the excavator body; and a sliding beam which is installed on the crane support member and is slidably suspended by a chain crane; the aforementioned sliding beam is accompanied by installation The crane support member on the immersed tube part of the excavator body rotates and revolves.

此外，本發明所揭示之低頂空挖掘機的組裝工法係對於藉由沉管部將挖掘單元伸入地中且於在該沉管部上藉由水平機架將前述挖掘單元支撐成可水平移動的挖掘機本體裝設行進體；此組裝工法係將設於前述挖掘機本體的升降機構從配置成在挖掘機本體之兩側與水平機架平行之基準位置移置至向外伸出的伸出位置而設置於地上，且將搭載於搬運車輛上的前述挖掘機本體舉升而使前述挖掘機本體從搬運車輛浮起，使搬運車輛從已支撐於地上的挖掘機本體脫離之後，將藉由裝設於前述挖掘機本體之起重機構所懸吊搬運的行進體，裝設於前述挖掘機本體。 In addition, the assembly method of the low-head space excavator disclosed in the present invention is to extend the excavating unit into the ground by the immersed pipe part and support the aforementioned excavating unit by a horizontal frame on the immersed pipe part to be horizontal. The moving excavator body is equipped with a traveling body; this assembly method is to move the lifting mechanism provided on the aforementioned excavator body from a reference position arranged in parallel with the horizontal frame on both sides of the excavator body to an outwardly extending The excavator body mounted on the transport vehicle is lifted to float the excavator body from the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle is separated from the excavator body supported on the ground. The traveling body that is suspended and transported by the crane mechanism installed in the excavator body is installed in the excavator body.

依據本案所揭示之發明的低頂空挖掘機，由於所具備的升降機構具有配置成從挖掘機本體之兩側向外伸出之伸出位置，因此可與用以使挖掘機本體自走的行進體脫離而單獨地將挖掘機本體搬運至預定的場所進行設置，結果，可將挖掘機本體搬入至自地上起算之高度受到限制的場所。 According to the low-head space excavator of the invention disclosed in this case, since the lifting mechanism is equipped with a protruding position that is arranged to extend outward from both sides of the excavator body, it can be combined with a self-propelled excavator body. The traveling body is separated and the excavator body is separately transported to a predetermined place for installation. As a result, the excavator body can be transported to a place where the height from the ground is restricted.

此外，依據本案所揭示之發明的低頂空挖掘機，由於具備可拆裝地裝設於挖掘機本體的起重機構，因此可藉由使用此起重機構將行進體裝設於挖掘機本體。 In addition, the low-head space excavator according to the invention disclosed in this case has a crane mechanism that is detachably mounted on the excavator body, so the traveling body can be mounted on the excavator body by using this crane mechanism. .

此外，依據本案所揭示之發明之低頂空挖掘機的組裝工法，藉由設於挖掘機本體的升降機構，可單獨地將挖掘機本體搬運至預定的場所進行設置，並且可易於在現場將行進體組裝於前述挖掘機本體。此外，在組裝行進體時，可藉由裝設於挖掘機本體的起重機構而懸吊行進體進行搬運。 In addition, according to the assembling method of the low-head space excavator of the invention disclosed in this case, the excavator body can be individually transported to a predetermined place for installation through the lifting mechanism provided on the excavator body, and the excavator body can be easily installed on site. The traveling body is assembled to the aforementioned excavator body. In addition, when assembling the traveling body, the traveling body can be suspended and transported by the crane mechanism installed in the excavator body.

10‧‧‧挖掘機 10‧‧‧Excavator

11‧‧‧挖掘機本體 11‧‧‧Excavator body

12‧‧‧沉管部 12‧‧‧Immersed Pipe Department

13‧‧‧水平機架 13‧‧‧Horizontal rack

13b‧‧‧前端部 13b‧‧‧Front end

14‧‧‧基底部 14‧‧‧Bottom

15、15b‧‧‧履帶車、行進體 15, 15b‧‧‧Tracked vehicle, traveling body

16a‧‧‧主動輪 16a‧‧‧Drive wheel

16b‧‧‧輔助輪 16b‧‧‧Auxiliary wheel

16c‧‧‧履帶 16c‧‧‧Track

17‧‧‧支柱 17‧‧‧Pillars

18‧‧‧增設支柱 18‧‧‧Adding pillars

20‧‧‧拖車、搬運車輛 20‧‧‧Trailers, handling vehicles

21‧‧‧堆高機 21‧‧‧Stacker

22‧‧‧錘式抓斗、挖掘單元 22‧‧‧Hammer grab, digging unit

22a‧‧‧胴體部 22a‧‧‧Carcass

22b‧‧‧爪殼 22b‧‧‧Claw Shell

23‧‧‧貫穿孔 23‧‧‧Through hole

27‧‧‧導軌 27‧‧‧Guide

29‧‧‧載運器 29‧‧‧Carrier

32‧‧‧滑輪 32‧‧‧Pulley

33‧‧‧線纜 33‧‧‧Cable

34‧‧‧絞盤 34‧‧‧Winch

41‧‧‧升降機構 41‧‧‧Lifting mechanism

42‧‧‧轉動機構 42‧‧‧Rotating mechanism

43‧‧‧支撐板 43‧‧‧Support plate

44‧‧‧托架 44‧‧‧Bracket

44a‧‧‧旋轉軸 44a‧‧‧Rotation axis

45‧‧‧支柱緊固部 45‧‧‧Pillar fastening part

46‧‧‧缸本體、油壓缸裝置 46‧‧‧Cylinder body, hydraulic cylinder device

47‧‧‧桿 47‧‧‧ bar

48‧‧‧桿固定部 48‧‧‧Pole fixing part

61:起重機構 61: Crane Structure

62:起重機柱、起重機支撐構件 62: Crane column, crane support member

63:柱座 63: Column base

64:連結柱 64: connecting column

65:滑樑 65: Sliding beam

66:鏈吊車 66: Chain Crane

67:地面 67: Ground

68:支撐腳 68: Support feet

69:台車 69: Trolley

h01、h11:高度 h01, h11: height

P1:基準位置 P1: Reference position

P2:伸出位置 P2: extended position

T1:頂面 T1: Top surface

第1圖係本發明之一實施型態之低頂空挖掘機的側視圖。 Figure 1 is a side view of a low-headspace excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

第2圖係搭載於拖車之挖掘機本體的側視圖。 Figure 2 is a side view of the excavator body mounted on the trailer.

第3圖係顯示水平機架及升降機構之主要部分的俯視圖。 Figure 3 is a top view showing the main parts of the horizontal frame and the lifting mechanism.

第4圖係顯示升降機構之轉動動作的俯視圖。 Figure 4 is a top view showing the rotation of the lifting mechanism.

第5圖係低頂空挖掘機的俯視圖。 Figure 5 is a top view of the low headspace excavator.

第6圖係藉由升降機構所舉升之挖掘機本體的側視圖。 Figure 6 is a side view of the excavator body lifted by the lifting mechanism.

第7圖係藉由升降機構所舉升之挖掘機本體的前視圖。 Figure 7 is a front view of the excavator body lifted by the lifting mechanism.

第8圖係顯示藉由升降機構將挖掘機本體支撐在地上之狀態的側視圖。 Figure 8 is a side view showing the state where the excavator body is supported on the ground by the lifting mechanism.

第9圖係藉由升降機構降至地上之挖掘機本體的側視圖。 Figure 9 is a side view of the excavator body lowered to the ground by the lifting mechanism.

第10圖係設置於挖掘機本體之起重機柱的側視圖。 Figure 10 is a side view of the crane column installed in the excavator body.

第11圖係顯示將起重機構組裝於挖掘機本體之工程的圖。 Figure 11 is a diagram showing the process of assembling the crane structure to the excavator body.

第12圖係設有起重機構之挖掘機本體的側視圖。 Figure 12 is a side view of the excavator body with the crane mechanism.

第13圖係顯示藉由起重機構懸吊行進體之工程的圖。 Figure 13 is a diagram showing the construction of suspending the traveling body by the crane mechanism.

第14圖係顯示藉由起重機構將行進體安裝於挖掘機本體之一方之工程的圖。 Figure 14 is a diagram showing the process of installing the traveling body on one side of the excavator body by the crane mechanism.

第15圖係顯示藉由起重機構將行進體安裝於挖掘機本體之另一方之工程的圖。 Figure 15 is a diagram showing the process of installing the traveling body on the other side of the excavator body by the crane mechanism.

第16圖係顯示低頂空挖掘機行進於低空作業空間內之狀態的說明圖。 Figure 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the low-headspace excavator traveling in the low-altitude work space.

第17圖係顯示在低空作業空間內之挖掘作業之狀態的說明圖。 Figure 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of excavation operations in the low-altitude work space.

第18圖係藉由增設支柱增加高度時之低頂空挖掘機的側視圖。 Figure 18 is a side view of the low headspace excavator when the height is increased by adding pillars.

以下根據所附圖式來詳細說明本案所揭示之發明之低頂空挖掘機的實施型態。如第1圖所示，低頂空挖掘機(以下稱挖掘機)10係具備：挖掘機本體11；及安裝於該挖掘機本體11而使挖掘機本體11自走的行進體(履帶車)15。第2圖係顯示將拆下履帶車15後的挖掘機本體11搭載於搬運車輛(拖車)20而運送至目的地之挖掘場所的狀態。 The following describes in detail the implementation of the low-head space excavator of the invention disclosed in this case according to the accompanying drawings. As shown in Figure 1, a low-head space excavator (hereinafter referred to as an excavator) 10 is provided with: an excavator body 11; 15. Fig. 2 shows a state in which the excavator body 11 with the crawler vehicle 15 removed is mounted on a transport vehicle (trailer) 20 and transported to the destination excavation site.

如第1圖所示，前述挖掘機本體11係具備：沉管部12，係使前端部具有切割器的套管(未圖示)旋轉同時伸入地中；水平機架13，係設置於該沉管部12上，用以將由具有可開閉之爪殼的挖掘單元(錘式抓斗)22所挖掘的砂石等排出 至預定的場所；複數個支柱17，係將該水平機架13在前述沉管部12上支撐於預定的高度；及升降機構41，係可轉動地安裝於各支柱17，且設置成可從配置於挖掘機本體11之兩側的位置向外伸出。 As shown in Figure 1, the aforementioned excavator body 11 is provided with: an immersed tube portion 12, which rotates a sleeve (not shown) with a cutter at the front end to extend into the ground; and a horizontal frame 13, which is installed The immersed pipe part 12 is used to discharge the gravel and the like excavated by the excavating unit (hammer grab) 22 with the claw shell that can be opened and closed. To a predetermined place; a plurality of pillars 17, which support the horizontal frame 13 on the aforementioned immersed tube portion 12 at a predetermined height; and a lifting mechanism 41, which is rotatably installed on each pillar 17, and is set to be able to move from The positions arranged on both sides of the excavator body 11 protrude outward.

如第3圖至第5圖所示，前述升降機構41係在挖掘機本體11的左右兩側於前後各設成一對，共計四個。此外，各升降機構41係具有：基準位置P1，係配置成在挖掘機本體11的左右兩側與水平機架13平行；及伸出位置P2，係配置成從挖掘機本體11的兩側向外伸出。本實施型態之挖掘機本體11係於挖掘機本體11的四個角落分別具有支柱17，前述升降機構41係經由轉動機構42而安裝在各支柱17。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the above-mentioned lifting mechanism 41 is provided in a pair on the left and right sides of the excavator body 11 at the front and rear, and a total of four are provided. In addition, each lifting mechanism 41 has: a reference position P1, which is arranged parallel to the horizontal frame 13 on the left and right sides of the excavator body 11; and an extension position P2, which is arranged from both sides of the excavator body 11. Outstretched. The excavator body 11 of this embodiment has pillars 17 at the four corners of the excavator body 11, and the lifting mechanism 41 is installed on each pillar 17 via a rotating mechanism 42.

如第2圖至第4圖所示，前述升降機構41係具備油壓缸裝置(缸本體)46，該油壓缸裝置46係具有伸縮至預定長度的桿47。缸本體46係安裝有支撐板43，此外，前述支柱17係安裝有托架44。藉由旋轉軸44a將此支撐板43與托架44可轉動地連結而可使前述升降機構41相對於支柱17沿水平方向轉動預定角度。本實施型態中，轉動機構42係具備：支撐板43，係安裝於缸本體46；托架44，係安裝於前述支柱17；及旋轉軸44a，係將支撐板43與托架44可轉動地連結。 As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the lifting mechanism 41 includes a hydraulic cylinder device (cylinder body) 46 having a rod 47 that expands and contracts to a predetermined length. The cylinder body 46 is equipped with a support plate 43, and the aforementioned pillar 17 is equipped with a bracket 44. The support plate 43 and the bracket 44 are rotatably connected by the rotating shaft 44a, so that the lifting mechanism 41 can be rotated by a predetermined angle in the horizontal direction with respect to the pillar 17. In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 42 is provided with: a support plate 43, which is mounted on the cylinder body 46; a bracket 44, which is mounted on the aforementioned pillar 17; and a rotating shaft 44a, which makes the support plate 43 and the bracket 44 rotatable地link.

前述缸本體46係經由挖掘機本體11所具備的油壓單元(未圖示)或連結於挖掘機本體11的油壓供給裝置(未圖示)而接受驅動用的油壓供給。另外，第1圖及第2圖所示之狀態的低頂空挖掘機10係藉由前述各支柱17而支撐水平機架13。因此，各升降機構41不會在此狀態下驅動，而成為桿47可伸縮地收容於缸本體46內的狀態。 The cylinder body 46 is supplied with hydraulic pressure for driving via a hydraulic unit (not shown) included in the excavator body 11 or a hydraulic supply device (not shown) connected to the excavator body 11. In addition, the low-head space excavator 10 in the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 supports the horizontal frame 13 by the aforementioned pillars 17. Therefore, each lifting mechanism 41 is not driven in this state, and the rod 47 is in a state in which the rod 47 is accommodated in the cylinder body 46 so as to be telescopic.

如第1圖所示，前述履帶車15係具備：一對主動輪16a；複數個輔助輪16b；及橡膠製的履帶16c。前述挖掘機本體11係設有可拆裝地裝設履帶車15 的行進體裝設部(未圖示)，並且設有藉由有線或無線之遠端操作來驅動前述履帶車15的控制器(未圖示)，而可從遠離的場所進行前進、後退、左右方向之迴旋的各動作及速度調整等。 As shown in FIG. 1, the aforementioned crawler vehicle 15 series includes: a pair of driving wheels 16a; a plurality of auxiliary wheels 16b; and a rubber crawler 16c. The aforementioned excavator body 11 is provided with a detachable installation crawler 15 The traveling body installation part (not shown), and is equipped with a controller (not shown) to drive the crawler vehicle 15 by wired or wireless remote operation, and can move forward, backward, and The various movements and speed adjustments of the left and right gyrations.

如第5圖所示，沉管部12的中央部係設有圓形的貫穿孔23。此貫穿孔23係用以使套管(未圖示)旋轉的同時壓入至地中，且供錘式抓斗22通往下方，其設置成貫通基底部14。貫穿孔23的內側面係設有夾鉗並旋轉驅動套管的外周面的旋轉壓入環(未圖示)。 As shown in FIG. 5, a circular through hole 23 is provided in the center of the immersed tube portion 12. The through hole 23 is used to press the sleeve (not shown) into the ground while rotating, and for the hammer grab 22 to pass downward, and is set to penetrate the base portion 14. The inner surface of the through hole 23 is provided with a rotary press-in ring (not shown) that is provided with a clamp and rotatably drives the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve.

如第5圖所示，前述水平機架13係藉由分別配置於挖掘機本體11之四個角落的各支柱17所支撐。此水平機架13係具有：彼此平行延伸的一對導軌27；及沿著該一對導軌27而水平移動的載運器29。前述一對導軌27的各內側面係分別形成有用以將前述載運器29載置成可沿水平方向移動的導溝(未圖示)。此外，在各導軌27的下方側係設有齒條(未圖示)，該齒條係由沿著導軌27之長邊方向呈直線狀地延伸的複數個鋸齒所構成。 As shown in FIG. 5, the aforementioned horizontal frame 13 is supported by pillars 17 arranged at the four corners of the excavator body 11, respectively. The horizontal frame 13 has: a pair of guide rails 27 extending parallel to each other; and a carrier 29 that moves horizontally along the pair of guide rails 27. Each inner side surface of the pair of guide rails 27 is formed with a guide groove (not shown) for placing the carrier 29 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction. In addition, a rack (not shown) is provided on the lower side of each guide rail 27, and the rack is composed of a plurality of serrations extending linearly along the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 27.

前述載運器29的一端係設有懸吊支撐錘式抓斗22的滑輪32。此外，前述載運器29的另一端則配置有絞盤34。此絞盤34係進行經由前述滑輪32使前述錘式抓斗22升降之線纜33之捲取操作。 A pulley 32 that suspends and supports the hammer grab 22 is attached to one end of the aforementioned carrier 29. In addition, the other end of the aforementioned carrier 29 is equipped with a winch 34. The winch 34 performs the winding operation of the cable 33 that raises and lowers the hammer grab 22 via the pulley 32.

錘式抓斗22係直接懸吊在設於前述載運器29的滑輪32。如第1圖所示，前述錘式抓斗22係使用於建築基礎的深孔挖掘、地面挖掘等，其具備：筒狀的胴體部22a；及一對爪殼22b，係可開閉地設於該胴體部22a的前端。前述胴體部22a係組設有用以藉由線纜33的捲起操作而使爪殼22b開閉的機構。 The hammer grab 22 is directly suspended on a pulley 32 provided on the aforementioned carrier 29. As shown in Figure 1, the aforementioned hammer grab 22 is used for deep hole excavation, ground excavation, etc. of building foundations, and includes: a cylindrical carcass portion 22a; The tip of the body portion 22a. The aforementioned carcass portion 22a is provided with a mechanism for opening and closing the claw shell 22b by the winding operation of the cable 33.

接著說明用以使履帶車15相對於前述挖掘機本體11拆裝的組裝工法。首先如第2圖所示，在挖掘機本體11設置圓筒形狀的起重機支撐構件(起重 機柱)62。此起重機柱62係安裝在已先裝設於沉管部12之圓筒形的柱座63內。就此安裝手段而言，可考慮藉由螺栓、螺帽所致的鎖緊固定或藉由磁性體彼此之磁力所致的固定等。安裝前述柱座63及起重機柱62時，係使配置於水平機架13的載運器29退避至水平機架13的前端側，在沉管部12之上方開放的狀態下進行。之後，將裝備有起重機柱62的挖掘機本體11裝載於拖車20等，以未裝設有履帶車15的狀態移動至預定的挖掘場所。此外，一對履帶車15係與挖掘機本體11一同搬運。 Next, an assembling method for detaching and detaching the crawler vehicle 15 with respect to the aforementioned excavator body 11 will be described. First, as shown in Figure 2, a cylindrical crane support member (lifting Column) 62. The crane column 62 is installed in the cylindrical column base 63 that has been installed in the immersed tube portion 12 first. With regard to this installation method, locking and fixing by bolts and nuts or fixing by the magnetic force between magnetic bodies can be considered. When the column base 63 and the crane column 62 are installed, the carrier 29 arranged on the horizontal frame 13 is retracted to the front end side of the horizontal frame 13 and the upper part of the immersed pipe part 12 is opened. After that, the excavator body 11 equipped with the crane column 62 is loaded on a trailer 20 or the like, and moved to a predetermined excavation site in a state where the crawler car 15 is not installed. In addition, a pair of crawler vehicles 15 are transported together with the excavator body 11.

前述挖掘機本體11及履帶車15到達挖掘作業現場之後，如第6圖及第7圖所示，使挖掘機本體11的左右兩側前後各配置一對的四個升降機構41從配置成在挖掘機本體11的左右兩側與水平機架13平行之基準位置P1伸出至向外伸出之伸出位置P2。升降機構41係經由設於支柱17與升降機構41之間的轉動機構42而沿水平方向轉動預定角度。此升降機構41係從挖掘機本體11的兩側向外伸出，並且亦從拖車20的兩側向外伸出。亦即，使從挖掘機本體11之兩側向外伸出之升降機構41對向地面67，再將從缸本體46延伸之桿47的前端部連結至設置於地面67的桿固定部48。此狀態下，藉由油壓單元(未圖示)均等地供給至各缸本體46的油壓而使各桿47伸長，與缸本體46一體地將挖掘機本體11沿垂直方向舉升。此舉升量係例如挖掘機本體11的底面從拖車20上浮起數十厘米的程度即可。 After the aforementioned excavator body 11 and crawler vehicle 15 arrive at the excavation site, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, a pair of four lifting mechanisms 41 are arranged on the left and right sides of the excavator body 11 from the The left and right sides of the excavator body 11 extend from the reference position P1 parallel to the horizontal frame 13 to the extended position P2 extending outward. The elevating mechanism 41 is rotated by a predetermined angle in the horizontal direction via a rotating mechanism 42 provided between the pillar 17 and the elevating mechanism 41. The lifting mechanism 41 extends outward from both sides of the excavator body 11 and also extends outward from both sides of the trailer 20. That is, the lifting mechanism 41 extending outward from both sides of the excavator body 11 is opposed to the ground 67, and the front end of the rod 47 extending from the cylinder body 46 is connected to the rod fixing portion 48 provided on the ground 67. In this state, the hydraulic unit (not shown) uniformly supplies hydraulic pressure to each cylinder body 46 to extend each rod 47 and lift the excavator body 11 in the vertical direction integrally with the cylinder body 46. This lifting amount may be such that the bottom surface of the excavator body 11 rises from the trailer 20 by several tens of centimeters.

此狀態下，如第8圖所示，使拖車20從挖掘機本體11脫離。拖車20從挖掘機本體11脫離後，調整油壓使桿47縮短收容於缸本體46內以降下挖掘機本體11。再者，如第9圖所示，使設於挖掘機本體11之底部的支撐腳68設置於地面67而支撐挖掘機本體11。此時，藉由調整各支撐腳68的伸縮量，調整傾斜度以使挖掘機本體11相對於地面67成為水平。另外，此狀態下，從桿47的前端部拆下 桿固定部48，使桿47的下端部位於從地面67算起保持一定高度的位置。 In this state, as shown in FIG. 8, the trailer 20 is separated from the excavator body 11. After the trailer 20 is separated from the excavator body 11, the hydraulic pressure is adjusted so that the rod 47 is shortened and accommodated in the cylinder body 46 to lower the excavator body 11. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the support foot 68 provided at the bottom of the excavator body 11 is provided on the ground 67 to support the excavator body 11. At this time, by adjusting the amount of expansion and contraction of each support foot 68, the inclination is adjusted so that the excavator body 11 is level with respect to the ground 67. In addition, in this state, remove from the front end of the rod 47 The rod fixing portion 48 positions the lower end of the rod 47 at a position that maintains a certain height from the ground 67.

如此，挖掘機本體11的設置位置固定之後，如第10圖所示，利用沉管部12的旋轉壓入環使起重機柱62上升至預定的高度。 然後，如第11圖所示，藉由堆高機21等使起重機構61可折裝地裝設於起重機柱62上。如第12圖所示，前述起重機構61係具備：前述起重機柱62；連結至起重 機柱62的連結柱64；及從該連結柱64起沿水平方向延伸的滑樑65。連結柱64係與前述起重機柱62大致相同直徑的圓筒形狀。前述滑樑65係安裝有可滑移的鏈 吊車66。鏈吊車66的滑移可為手動亦可為電動。 In this way, after the installation position of the excavator body 11 is fixed, as shown in FIG. 10, the crane column 62 is raised to a predetermined height by the rotating press-in ring of the immersed tube portion 12. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the crane mechanism 61 is foldably installed on the crane column 62 by the stacker 21 and the like. As shown in Figure 12, the aforementioned crane mechanism 61 is provided with: the aforementioned crane column 62; connected to the crane The connecting column 64 of the machine column 62; and the sliding beam 65 extending in the horizontal direction from the connecting column 64. The connecting column 64 has a cylindrical shape with approximately the same diameter as the crane column 62 described above. The aforementioned sliding beam 65 is equipped with a slidable chain Crane 66. The sliding movement of the chain crane 66 can be manual or electric.

如第13圖所示，在將挖掘機本體11的支撐腳68伸長而稍將挖掘機本體11抬起之後，將搭載有一對履帶車15的台車69橫靠在 挖掘機本體11的側面(右側或左側)。之後，如第14圖所示，使前述滑樑65迴旋至一方的履帶車15上，藉由鏈吊車66懸吊搬運履帶車15並配置到挖掘機本體11之 一方的側部，而裝設於挖掘機本體11的行進體裝設部(未圖示)。裝設完成之後，如第15圖所示，使台車69移動至與先前橫靠在挖掘機本體11上之側面為不同的 側面(右側或左側)，並使前述滑樑65迴旋180度而配置於另一方的履帶車15上，與前述同樣地以鏈吊車66懸吊搬運履帶車15b，並配置於挖掘機本體11之另一方 的側部，而裝設於挖掘機本體11的行進體裝設部(未圖示)。 As shown in FIG. 13, after extending the support legs 68 of the excavator body 11 to slightly lift the excavator body 11, the trolley 69 equipped with a pair of crawler vehicles 15 is leaned against The side of the excavator body 11 (right or left). After that, as shown in Fig. 14, the sliding beam 65 is rotated to one crawler vehicle 15, and the crawler vehicle 15 is suspended and transported by a chain crane 66 and arranged on the excavator body 11. One side part is installed in the traveling body installation part (not shown) of the excavator body 11. After the installation is completed, as shown in Figure 15, the trolley 69 is moved to a side that is different from the side that leaned on the excavator body 11 before. On the side (right or left), the sliding beam 65 is rotated 180 degrees to be placed on the other crawler vehicle 15, and the crawler vehicle 15b is suspended and transported by a chain crane 66 in the same manner as described above, and is placed on the excavator body 11 The other party The side part of the excavator is installed in the traveling body installation part (not shown) of the excavator body 11.

將一對履帶車15裝設於挖掘機本體11的兩側之後，分解起重機構61，並從挖掘機本體11拆除起重機柱62。此外，使挖掘機 本體11的支撐腳68縮短而將履帶車15設置於地面67，以履帶車15支撐挖掘機本體11。此一連串的組裝作業結束之後，即可進行藉由如第1圖所示之履帶車15所 進行之挖掘機本體11的自走，以及載運器29的滑動，而可移動至預定的挖掘場所藉由錘式抓斗進行挖掘作業。 After the pair of crawler vehicles 15 are installed on both sides of the excavator body 11, the crane structure 61 is disassembled, and the crane column 62 is removed from the excavator body 11. In addition, make the excavator The supporting legs 68 of the main body 11 are shortened to install the crawler vehicle 15 on the ground 67, and the excavator body 11 is supported by the crawler vehicle 15. After this series of assembling operations are completed, the tracked vehicle 15 can be used as shown in Figure 1. The self-propelled excavator body 11 and the sliding of the carrier 29 can be moved to a predetermined excavation site by a hammer grab for excavation operations.

結束預定的挖掘作業而收工時，再度將起重機構61組裝於挖掘機本體11，從挖掘機本體11拆下履帶車15，藉由升降機構41將挖掘機本體11舉升至預定的高度，並且將挖掘機本體11搭載於拖車20之後，移動至下一個挖掘場所。 When the scheduled excavation work is finished and the work is closed, the crane mechanism 61 is assembled to the excavator body 11 again, the crawler 15 is removed from the excavator body 11, and the excavator body 11 is lifted to a predetermined height by the lifting mechanism 41 And after the excavator body 11 is mounted on the trailer 20, it moves to the next excavation site.

如第16圖所示，裝設有履帶車15的挖掘機10係成為能夠以低頂空姿勢的狀態朝向目的地的挖掘場所自走移動的構成，可藉由水平機架13而在最低的位置懸吊支撐錘式抓斗22。就此挖掘機10而言，由於在基底部14上藉由與錘式抓斗22大致相同高度的支柱17支撐水平機架13，因此可使從作為基準的地面67至滑輪32之上端為止的高度h11限制於3公尺以下。藉此，若有從地面67至最低位置之頂面T1的高度h01稍超過3公尺之程度的空間，則可直接使之自走而移動至目的地的挖掘場所。 As shown in Figure 16, the excavator 10 equipped with the crawler vehicle 15 has a structure capable of self-propelled movement toward the destination excavation site in a low-head space posture. The horizontal frame 13 can be used in the lowest The position suspension supports the hammer grab 22. In this excavator 10, since the horizontal frame 13 is supported on the base portion 14 by the pillar 17 having approximately the same height as the hammer grab 22, the height from the ground 67 as a reference to the upper end of the pulley 32 can be achieved. h11 is limited to less than 3 meters. Thereby, if there is a space where the height h01 of the top surface T1 from the ground 67 to the lowest position is slightly more than 3 meters, it can be directly moved to the destination excavation site by itself.

接著，參照第16圖及第17圖來說明藉由錘式抓斗22進行之挖掘作業的程序。如第16圖所示，錘式抓斗22係藉由線纜33吊起至沉管部12的上方，且從吊起的高度位置下墜至貫穿孔23內。錘式抓斗22係以爪殼22b打開的狀態下墜而直接刺入地中。由此狀態藉由絞盤34捲起線纜33，在撈取到土、岩石等挖掘物的狀態下關閉爪殼22b。 Next, the procedure of the excavation work performed by the hammer grab 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. As shown in FIG. 16, the hammer grab 22 is hoisted above the immersed tube portion 12 by the cable 33, and falls into the through hole 23 from the hoisted height position. The hammer grab 22 falls directly into the ground with the claw shell 22b opened. In this state, the cable 33 is wound up by the winch 34, and the claw shell 22b is closed in a state where excavated objects such as soil and rocks are picked up.

之後，將絞盤34捲起操作，在爪殼22b關閉的狀態下從地中拉起錘式抓斗22，更進而將錘式抓斗22朝沉管部12的上方拉起。接著，如第17圖所示，使載運器29沿著導軌27滑動而朝向前端部13b移動。再者，在預定的位置打開爪殼22b，而可將所挖掘出的土、岩石等挖掘物排出。反覆進行此種操作，藉由載 運器29使錘式抓斗22沿水平方向往返移動於沉管部12的上方至排出場所之間，而可簡易且有效率地進行高度方向之空間受到限制之場所的挖掘及排土作業。 After that, the winch 34 is rolled up, and the hammer grab 22 is pulled up from the ground with the claw shell 22 b closed, and further, the hammer grab 22 is pulled upwards of the sinker 12. Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the carrier 29 is slid along the guide rail 27 and moved toward the front end portion 13b. Furthermore, by opening the claw shell 22b at a predetermined position, the excavated materials such as soil and rocks can be discharged. Repeat this operation, by loading The transport device 29 moves the hammer grab 22 in the horizontal direction from above the immersed tube portion 12 to the discharge site, and can easily and efficiently perform excavation and dumping operations in places where the space in the height direction is restricted.

上述構成的挖掘機10係設定為可自走之最小限度的高度，但挖掘機的上方空間充足時，如第18圖所示，亦可在各支柱17再加上增設支柱18等，將水平機架13設定為較高。此種情形下，亦可使用上述升降機構41及起重機構61。 The excavator 10 with the above configuration is set to the minimum height that can be self-propelled, but when the space above the excavator is sufficient, as shown in Figure 18, it is also possible to add additional pillars 18 to each pillar 17 to make the horizontal The frame 13 is set to be higher. In this case, the above-mentioned lifting mechanism 41 and lifting mechanism 61 can also be used.

此時，水平機架13的高度設定可藉由以下的程序來進行。首先，將第1圖所示之挖掘機10中，從缸本體46伸長的桿47連結至設置於地上的桿固定部48而將挖掘機本體11支撐於地上。再者，解除設於基底部14上的支柱緊固部45與支柱17的緊固。藉此，各支柱17係從基底部14上脫離，且各支柱17係藉由各升降機構41，與水平機架13一體地從基底部14上離開而支撐於預定的高度。之後，使各桿47伸長相應於要增設之增設支柱18的高度，而將水平機架13與各支柱17一同地沿垂直方向舉升。 At this time, the height setting of the horizontal frame 13 can be performed by the following procedure. First, in the excavator 10 shown in FIG. 1, the rod 47 extended from the cylinder body 46 is connected to the rod fixing part 48 provided on the ground, and the excavator body 11 is supported on the ground. Furthermore, the fastening of the pillar fastening portion 45 provided on the base portion 14 and the pillar 17 is released. Thereby, each pillar 17 is separated from the base part 14, and each pillar 17 is separated from the base part 14 integrally with the horizontal frame 13 by each lifting mechanism 41, and is supported at a predetermined height. After that, the rods 47 are extended corresponding to the height of the additional pillar 18 to be added, and the horizontal frame 13 is lifted in the vertical direction together with the pillars 17.

前述增設支柱18的上端及下端係設有與支柱17連結時，用以對準彼此之連結位置的定位手段。前述定位手段係可藉由突出於增設支柱18之上端及下端的任一方之凸部及設於另一方且與該凸部嵌合之凹部所構成。藉由設置此種定位手段，可使支柱17與增設支柱18的中心不會偏移，而可在穩定的狀態下支撐水平機架13。 The upper end and the lower end of the aforementioned additional pillar 18 are provided with positioning means for aligning the connecting position of each other when connecting with the pillar 17. The aforementioned positioning means can be constituted by a convex portion protruding from either one of the upper end and the lower end of the additional pillar 18 and a concave portion provided on the other side and fitted with the convex portion. By providing such a positioning means, the center of the pillar 17 and the additional pillar 18 will not deviate, and the horizontal frame 13 can be supported in a stable state.

作業時，首先將增設支柱18的下端載置於設於基底部14上的支柱緊固部45之後，使用鎖固銷等緊固構件而固定。之後，使被舉升的各支柱17相應於作業空間程度降下，且將各支柱17的下端定位載置於各增設支柱18的上端，之後，藉由緊固構件進行固定。在完成所有增設支柱18的安裝之後，使各桿47的前 端從桿固定部48分離而收容於各缸本體46內。藉此，可藉由履帶車15進行挖掘機本體11的自走。 At the time of operation, first, the lower end of the additional pillar 18 is placed on the pillar fastening portion 45 provided on the base portion 14 and then fixed using fastening members such as a lock pin. After that, the raised pillars 17 are lowered according to the degree of the working space, and the lower end of each pillar 17 is positioned and placed on the upper end of each additional pillar 18, and then fixed by a fastening member. After completing the installation of all the additional pillars 18, make the front of each pole 47 The end is separated from the rod fixing portion 48 and is housed in each cylinder body 46. Thereby, the excavator body 11 can be self-propelled by the crawler vehicle 15.

如此，藉由使支柱17的高度可變，可保持挖掘機10的低姿勢，同時使其通過頂面部分有樑突出之既有之建築物的樓層板、高度方向之空間受到限制之地下道、隧道等坑道內。再者，在移動至挖掘機的上方空間充足的場所時，藉由進行增設支柱的增設，可將水平機架13的位置設定為適於挖掘的最佳高度。 In this way, by changing the height of the pillar 17, it is possible to maintain the low posture of the excavator 10 while allowing it to pass through the floor slab of an existing building with beams protruding from the top surface, underpasses where the space in the height direction is restricted, In tunnels and other tunnels. Furthermore, when moving to a place where the space above the excavator is sufficient, by adding additional pillars, the position of the horizontal frame 13 can be set to an optimum height for excavation.

綜上所述，依據本案所揭示之發明的挖掘機，可易於搬運至高度方向之空間受到限制的挖掘場所，並且可在現場自行組裝成可開始進行挖掘作業的狀態。藉此，可有效率且低成本地進行在低頂空下的挖掘作業。 In summary, the excavator according to the invention disclosed in this case can be easily transported to an excavation site where the space in the height direction is restricted, and can be assembled on site into a state where excavation operations can be started. Thereby, the excavation work under low headspace can be performed efficiently and at low cost.

10‧‧‧挖掘機 10‧‧‧Excavator

11‧‧‧挖掘機本體 11‧‧‧Excavator body

12‧‧‧沉管部 12‧‧‧Immersed Pipe Department

13‧‧‧水平機架 13‧‧‧Horizontal rack

15‧‧‧履帶車 15‧‧‧Tracked Vehicle

16a‧‧‧主動輪 16a‧‧‧Drive wheel

16b‧‧‧輔助輪 16b‧‧‧Auxiliary wheel

16c‧‧‧履帶 16c‧‧‧Track

17‧‧‧支柱 17‧‧‧Pillars

22‧‧‧錘式抓斗 22‧‧‧Hammer Grab

22a‧‧‧胴體部 22a‧‧‧Carcass

22b‧‧‧爪殼 22b‧‧‧Claw Shell

29‧‧‧載運器 29‧‧‧Carrier

41‧‧‧升降機構 41‧‧‧Lifting mechanism

46‧‧‧缸本體 46‧‧‧Cylinder body

47‧‧‧桿 47‧‧‧ bar

Claims (6)

一種低頂空挖掘機，係具備挖掘機本體；前述挖掘機本體係設有：沉管部，係使挖掘單元 伸入地中；及水平機架，係在該沉管部上將前述挖掘單元支撐成可水平移動；前述挖掘機本體更具備：升降機構，係配置在前述挖掘機本體的左右兩側；及起 重機構，係裝設成可拆裝；前述挖掘機本體係在前述挖掘機本體的左右兩側具備將前述水平機架支撐於預定之高度的複數個支柱，前述升降機構係藉由轉動機 構而安裝於各支柱；前述轉動機構係在前述支柱與前述升降機構之間具有旋轉軸，以此旋轉軸為中心，使前述升降機構在基準位置與伸出位置之間沿水平方向 轉動預定角度，該基準位置係配置成在前述挖掘機本體的左右兩側與水平機架平行，該伸出位置係配置成從前述挖掘機本體的左右兩側向外伸出；前述升降機 構係在配置成從前述挖掘機本體之左右兩側向外伸出之伸出位置，將前述挖掘機本體舉升至預定的高度。 A low-head space excavator, which is equipped with an excavator body; the above-mentioned excavator system is provided with: an immersed pipe part, which is an excavating unit Extend into the ground; and a horizontal frame that supports the excavating unit on the immersed tube part to be horizontally movable; the excavator body is further equipped with a lifting mechanism, which is arranged on the left and right sides of the excavator body; and rise The heavy mechanism is installed to be detachable; the above-mentioned excavator system is equipped with a plurality of pillars on the left and right sides of the excavator body to support the horizontal frame at a predetermined height, and the lifting mechanism is driven by a rotating machine The above-mentioned rotating mechanism has a rotating shaft between the above-mentioned column and the above-mentioned lifting mechanism, and the above-mentioned rotating shaft is the center, so that the above-mentioned lifting mechanism is in the horizontal direction between the reference position and the extended position. Rotating at a predetermined angle, the reference position is arranged to be parallel to the horizontal frame on the left and right sides of the excavator body, and the extension position is arranged to extend outward from the left and right sides of the excavator body; The structure is configured to extend outward from the left and right sides of the excavator body, and lift the excavator body to a predetermined height. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之低頂空挖掘機，其中，前述起重機構係具備：起重機支撐構件、及滑 樑；前述起重機支撐構件係安裝成可相對於前述挖掘機本體旋轉；前述滑樑係安裝於前述起重機支撐構件，供鏈吊車可滑動地懸吊，伴隨著安裝於前述挖掘機 本體之前述沉管部上之前述起重機支撐構件的旋轉而迴旋。 Such as the low-head space excavator described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned crane structure is provided with: crane support members, and sliding Beam; the crane support member is installed so as to be rotatable relative to the excavator body; the sliding beam is installed on the crane support member, the supply chain crane is slidably suspended, and is attached to the excavator The crane support member on the immersed pipe part of the main body rotates and revolves. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之低頂空挖掘機，其中，前述升降機構係具備油壓缸裝置，該油壓缸裝 置係具有伸縮為預定之長度之桿，且藉由轉動機構安裝於前述支柱。 As for the low-head space excavator described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the lifting mechanism is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder device, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed The device has a rod that expands and contracts to a predetermined length, and is installed on the aforementioned pillar by a rotating mechanism. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之低頂空挖掘機，其中，前述挖掘機本體係可拆裝地裝設有使該挖掘機 本體自走的行進體。 For example, the low-head space excavator described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned excavator system is detachably installed so that the excavator The body is a self-propelled traveling body. 一種低頂空挖掘機之組裝工法，係將設於前述挖掘機本體的升降機構從配置成在挖掘機本體之兩側 與水平機架平行之基準位置移置至向外伸出的伸出位置而設置於地上；將搭載於搬運車輛上的前述挖掘機本體舉升而使前述挖掘機本體從前述搬運車輛浮起， 且使前述搬運車輛從已支撐於地上的前述挖掘機本體脫離，再將藉由裝設於前述挖掘機本體之起重機構所懸吊搬運的行進體，裝設於前述挖掘機本體。 A method for assembling a low-head space excavator. The lifting mechanism installed on the excavator body is arranged on both sides of the excavator body. The reference position parallel to the horizontal frame is moved to an extended position that extends outward to be set on the ground; the excavator body mounted on the transport vehicle is lifted to float the excavator body from the transport vehicle, The transport vehicle is detached from the excavator body that has been supported on the ground, and the traveling body suspended and transported by the crane mechanism installed on the excavator body is installed on the excavator body. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之低頂空挖掘機之組裝工法，其中，使前述搬運車輛從前述挖掘機本體 脫離，且使前述挖掘機本體降至預定的高度，而在此狀態下將前述行進體裝設於前述挖掘機本體。 The assembling method of the low-head space excavator as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the transport vehicle is moved from the main body of the excavator The excavator body is detached, and the excavator body is lowered to a predetermined height, and in this state, the traveling body is installed on the excavator body.
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