TWI726222B - Laminates, printed wiring boards using them, flexible printed wiring boards and molded products - Google Patents
Laminates, printed wiring boards using them, flexible printed wiring boards and molded products Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/26—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using curing agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
- C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/12—Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/062—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09D133/06
- C09D133/068—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09D133/06 containing glycidyl groups
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本發明提供積層體、使用其之印刷配線板、可撓性印刷配線板及成形品，該積層體係於支撐體(A)之上依順序積層有底漆層(B)、金屬奈米粒子層(C)及金屬鍍敷層(D)之積層體，其特徵為：前述底漆層(B)係具有環氧基與羥基的樹脂(b1)及含有多元羧酸的交聯劑(b2)之硬化物。該積層體係可在不粗化支撐體表面下，以簡便的方法製造，且支撐體與金屬層(金屬鍍敷層)之間的密著性優異。 The present invention provides a laminate, a printed wiring board using the same, a flexible printed wiring board, and a molded product. The laminate system has a primer layer (B) and a metal nanoparticle layer laminated on a support (A) in this order A laminate of (C) and a metal plating layer (D), characterized in that the primer layer (B) is a resin (b1) having epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups, and a crosslinking agent (b2) containing polycarboxylic acids The hardened object. This laminated system can be manufactured by a simple method without roughening the surface of the support, and the adhesion between the support and the metal layer (metal plating layer) is excellent.
Description
本發明關於可用於印刷配線板、可撓性印刷配線板、成形品等之積層體。 The present invention relates to a laminate that can be used for printed wiring boards, flexible printed wiring boards, molded products, and the like.
隨著電子機器之小型化、高速化，要求印刷配線基板之高密度化、高性能化，為了應付此要求，要求表面為平滑且具有充分薄的導電層(金屬層)之印刷配線板。又，作為構成此印刷配線基板者，已知有可撓性覆銅積層板(以下，簡稱「FCCL」)。FCCL主要係藉由使用環氧樹脂系接著劑來貼合耐熱性高分子薄膜與銅箔之方法而製造。 With the miniaturization and high-speed of electronic equipment, high-density and high-performance printed wiring boards are required. In order to meet this requirement, a printed wiring board with a smooth surface and a sufficiently thin conductive layer (metal layer) is required. In addition, as a component of this printed wiring board, a flexible copper clad laminate (hereinafter referred to as "FCCL") is known. FCCL is mainly manufactured by a method of bonding a heat-resistant polymer film and copper foil using an epoxy resin adhesive.
然而，於使用此銅箔的FCCL中，由於一邊拉出經捲成捲筒狀的銅箔，一邊貼合，在操作上銅箔無法充分地減薄。再者，為了提高與高分子薄膜之密著性，必須將銅箔表面予以粗化，因此有在為了謀求印刷配線板的高密度化、高性能化所需的高頻率(GHz頻段)、高傳送速度(數十Gbps)範圍中發生傳送損失之問題。 However, in FCCL using this copper foil, since the copper foil rolled into a roll shape is pulled out while being bonded, the copper foil cannot be sufficiently thinned in handling. In addition, in order to improve the adhesion to the polymer film, the surface of the copper foil must be roughened. Therefore, there is a high frequency (GHz band) and high frequency required for high density and high performance of printed wiring boards. The problem of transmission loss occurs in the range of transmission speed (tens of Gbps).
此處，作為將FCCL的銅層予以薄膜化之方法，有提案藉由蒸鍍法或濺鍍法，在聚醯亞胺薄膜之表面上形成金屬薄膜後，在該金屬薄膜上以電鍍法、無 電解鍍敷法或組合兩者之方法，來形成銅之方法(例如，參照專利文獻1)。然而，於此方法中，為了形成金屬薄膜，使用蒸鍍法或濺鍍法，因此需要大規模的真空設備，有在設備上限定基材尺寸等之問題。 Here, as a method of thinning the copper layer of FCCL, there is a proposal to form a metal thin film on the surface of a polyimide thin film by vapor deposition or sputtering, and then electroplating, An electroless plating method or a method of combining both methods to form copper (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). However, in this method, in order to form a metal thin film, an evaporation method or a sputtering method is used, so a large-scale vacuum equipment is required, and there are problems such as limiting the size of the substrate on the equipment.
因此，要求可在不粗化銅箔等的金屬層之表面下，與高分子薄膜等的支撐體具有充分的密著性，且在該金屬層之薄膜化時，不需要大規模的真空設備，能以簡便的方法製造之積層體。 Therefore, it is required to have sufficient adhesion to the support such as polymer film without roughening the surface of the metal layer such as copper foil, and when the metal layer is thinned, large-scale vacuum equipment is not required , A laminated body that can be manufactured by a simple method.
又，以往作為向塑膠成形品的裝飾鍍敷，係使用於行動電話、個人電腦、鏡子、容器、各種開關、蓮蓬頭等。此等用途之支撐體係僅限定於丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(以下，簡稱「ABS」)或ABS與聚碳酸酯之聚合物摻合物(以下，簡稱「ABS-PC」)。此之理由係為了確保基材與鍍敷膜之密著性，而必須將基材表面予以粗化，例如若為ABS，則能以六價鉻酸、過錳酸鹽等之強力氧化劑，蝕刻、去除聚丁二烯成分而表面粗化。然而，六價鉻酸等由於是環境負荷物質，較佳為不使用，替代方法已開發至今(例如，參照專利文獻2)。 In addition, conventionally, as decorative plating on plastic molded products, it has been used in mobile phones, personal computers, mirrors, containers, various switches, shower heads, etc. The support system for these purposes is only limited to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (hereinafter referred to as "ABS") or a polymer blend of ABS and polycarbonate (hereinafter referred to as "ABS-PC") . The reason for this is that in order to ensure the adhesion between the substrate and the plating film, the surface of the substrate must be roughened. For example, if it is ABS, it can be etched with powerful oxidizing agents such as hexavalent chromic acid and permanganate. , Removal of polybutadiene components and rough surface. However, since hexavalent chromic acid and the like are environmentally hazardous substances, they are preferably not used, and alternative methods have been developed up to now (for example, refer to Patent Document 2).
如此地，於以向塑膠成形品的裝飾等為目的之鍍敷中，要求基材係不限定於ABS或ABS-PC，即使為其它種類的塑膠，也得到密著性優異的金屬鍍敷膜，而且減低環境負荷物質之使用量。 In this way, in plating for the purpose of decoration to plastic molded products, it is required that the base material is not limited to ABS or ABS-PC, and even other types of plastics are required to obtain a metal plating film with excellent adhesion. , And reduce the use of environmentally hazardous substances.
專利文獻1 日本特開2015-118044號公報 Patent Document 1 JP 2015-118044 A
專利文獻2 日本發明專利第5830807號公報 Patent Document 2 Japanese Invention Patent No. 5830807
本發明所欲解決的課題在於提供可在不粗化支撐體表面下，以簡便的方法製造，且支撐體與金屬層(金屬鍍敷層)之間的密著性優異之積層體、使用其之印刷配線板、可撓性印刷配線板及成形品。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a laminate that can be manufactured by a simple method without roughening the surface of the support and has excellent adhesion between the support and the metal layer (metal plating layer). The printed wiring boards, flexible printed wiring boards and molded products.
本發明者們為了解決上述課題而專心致力地研究，結果發現在支撐體上，作為底漆層，設置含有具有環氧基與羥基的樹脂及含有羧酸的交聯劑之硬化物的層，於其上依順序積層有由金屬奈米粒子所形成的金屬層與金屬鍍敷層之積層體，係可解決上述課題，而完成本發明。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have intensively studied and found that as a primer layer, a layer containing a cured product of a resin having epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups and a crosslinking agent containing carboxylic acid is provided on the support. A layered body in which a metal layer formed of metal nanoparticles and a metal plating layer is sequentially laminated thereon can solve the above-mentioned problems and complete the present invention.
即，本發明提供積層體、使用其之印刷配線板、可撓性印刷配線板及積層體，該積層體係於支撐體(A)之上依順序積層有底漆層(B)、金屬奈米粒子層(C)及金屬鍍敷層(D)之積層體，其特徵為：前述底漆層(B)係具有環氧基與羥基的樹脂(b1)及含有多元羧酸的交聯劑(b2)之硬化物。 That is, the present invention provides a laminate, a printed wiring board using the same, a flexible printed wiring board, and a laminate. The laminate system has a primer layer (B) and a metal nano-layer laminated in this order on a support (A). The laminate of the particle layer (C) and the metal plating layer (D) is characterized in that the primer layer (B) is a resin (b1) having epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups and a crosslinking agent ( b2) The hardened object.
本發明之積層體係即使不粗化支撐體表面，支撐體與金屬層(金屬鍍敷層)之間的密著性也優異。又，於該金屬層之薄膜化時，即使不使用大規模的 真空設備，也為表面平滑且具有充分薄的金屬層之積層體。 Even if the laminated system of the present invention does not roughen the surface of the support, the adhesion between the support and the metal layer (metal plating layer) is excellent. In addition, when the metal layer is thinned, even if a large-scale vacuum equipment is not used, it is a laminate with a smooth surface and a sufficiently thin metal layer.
又，本發明之積層體係藉由將金屬層圖案化，而例如可適用作為印刷配線板、可撓性印刷配線板、針對觸控面板的導電性薄膜、觸控面板用金屬網格、有機太陽能電池、有機EL元件、有機電晶體、非接觸IC卡等的RFID、電磁波屏障、LED照明基材、數位電子看板等之電子構件。特別地，最適合FCCL等之可撓性印刷配線板用途。另外，藉由應用於成形品，可適宜使用於連接光通訊等的配線之連接器、電器構件、電動馬達周邊構件、電池構件等的電子構件；汽車用裝飾零件、燈反射器、行動電話、個人電腦、鏡子、容器、家電、各種開關、水龍頭零件、蓮蓬頭等之裝飾。 In addition, by patterning the metal layer, the laminated system of the present invention can be applied to, for example, printed wiring boards, flexible printed wiring boards, conductive films for touch panels, metal meshes for touch panels, and organic solar panels. Electronic components such as batteries, organic EL elements, organic transistors, non-contact IC cards, RFID, electromagnetic wave barriers, LED lighting substrates, and digital signage. In particular, it is most suitable for flexible printed wiring boards such as FCCL. In addition, by applying to molded products, it can be suitably used for connecting optical communication and other wiring connectors, electrical components, electric motor peripheral components, battery components, and other electronic components; automotive decorative parts, lamp reflectors, mobile phones, Decoration for personal computers, mirrors, containers, home appliances, various switches, faucet parts, shower heads, etc.
本發明之積層體係於支撐體(A)之上依順序積層有底漆層(B)、金屬奈米粒子層(C)及金屬鍍敷層(D)之積層體，其中前述底漆層(B)係具有環氧基與羥基的樹脂(b1)及含有多元羧酸的交聯劑(b2)之硬化物。 The laminated system of the present invention is a laminated body in which a primer layer (B), a metal nanoparticle layer (C), and a metal plating layer (D) are sequentially laminated on a support (A), wherein the primer layer ( B) is a cured product of a resin (b1) having an epoxy group and a hydroxyl group and a crosslinking agent (b2) containing a polycarboxylic acid.
本發明之積層體係可在為在前述支撐體(A)之單面依順序積層有底漆層(B)等之積層體，也可為在前述支撐體(A)之兩面依順序積層有底漆層(B)等之積層體。 The laminated system of the present invention can be a laminated body in which a primer layer (B) and the like are sequentially laminated on one side of the aforementioned support (A), or it can be laminated on both sides of the aforementioned support (A) in order with a bottom Laminated body such as lacquer layer (B).
作為前述支撐體(A)，例如可舉出由聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺醯亞胺、聚醯胺、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(以下，簡稱「ABS」)樹脂、ABS與聚碳酸酯之聚合物摻合物、聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯等之丙烯酸樹脂、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚胺基甲酸酯、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚伸苯基碸(PPSU)、環氧樹脂、纖維素奈米纖維、矽、陶瓷、玻璃等所成之支撐體、由彼等所成之多孔質的支撐體、由鋼板、銅等的金屬所成之支撐體、對彼等之表面蒸鍍處理有碳化矽、類鑽石碳、鋁、銅、鈦、不銹鋼等之支撐體等。 As the aforementioned support (A), for example, polyimide, polyimide imide, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (hereinafter referred to as "ABS") resin, polymer blends of ABS and polycarbonate, acrylic resins such as poly(methyl)acrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, poly Vinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) Supports made of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPSU), epoxy resin, cellulose nanofiber, silicon, ceramics, glass, etc., and porous supports made of them Body, a support body made of metal such as steel plate, copper, etc., and a support body made of silicon carbide, diamond-like carbon, aluminum, copper, titanium, stainless steel, etc., are vapor-deposited on their surface.
又，將本發明之積層體使用於印刷配線板等時，作為前述支撐體(A)，較佳為使用由聚醯亞胺、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、液晶聚合物(LCP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、環氧樹脂、玻璃、纖維素奈米纖維等所構成之支撐體。 In addition, when the laminate of the present invention is used in a printed wiring board, etc., as the aforementioned support (A), it is preferable to use polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate. , Liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), epoxy resin, glass, cellulose nanofiber, etc. constitute a support.
再者，將本發明之積層體使用於可撓性印刷配線板等時，作為前述支撐體(A)，較佳為具有能折彎的柔軟性之薄膜狀或薄片狀支撐體。 Furthermore, when the laminate of the present invention is used in a flexible printed wiring board or the like, the support (A) is preferably a film-like or sheet-like support having flexibility that can be bent.
當前述支撐體(A)之形狀為薄膜狀或薄片狀時，其厚度一般較佳為1μm以上5,000μm以下，更佳為1μm以上300μm以下，尤佳為1μm以上200μm以下。 When the shape of the aforementioned support (A) is a film or sheet, its thickness is generally preferably 1 μm or more and 5,000 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or more and 300 μm or less, and particularly preferably 1 μm or more and 200 μm or less.
又，從可更提高前述支撐體(A)與後述的底漆層(B)之密著性來看，視需要亦可在前述支撐體(A)之表面上，形成不喪失平滑性之程度的微細凹凸，或洗淨其表面上所附著的污垢，或為了羥基、羰基、羧基等官能基之導入而予以表面處理。具體而言，可舉出電暈放電處理等之電漿放電處理，紫外線處理等之乾式處理，使用水、酸‧鹼等之水溶液或有機溶劑等之濕式處理等方法。 In addition, from the viewpoint that the adhesion between the support (A) and the primer layer (B) described later can be further improved, if necessary, it can be formed on the surface of the support (A) to a degree that does not lose smoothness. The fine irregularities on the surface, or clean the dirt attached to the surface, or surface treatment for the introduction of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups. Specifically, methods such as plasma discharge treatment such as corona discharge treatment, dry treatment such as ultraviolet treatment, and wet treatment using aqueous solutions such as water, acids and alkalis, or organic solvents, etc. can be cited.
前述底漆層(B)係具有環氧基與羥基的樹脂(b1)及含有多元羧酸的交聯劑(b2)之硬化物。 The aforementioned primer layer (B) is a cured product of a resin (b1) having an epoxy group and a hydroxyl group and a crosslinking agent (b2) containing a polycarboxylic acid.
前述樹脂(b1)係在分子內具有環氧基與羥基的樹脂，作為樹脂種類，可舉出環氧樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂等。還有，前述樹脂(b1)所具有的羥基係可為醇性羥基，也可為酚性羥基。又，前述樹脂(b1)係可使用1種，也可併用2種以上的複數之樹脂種類者。 The aforementioned resin (b1) is a resin having an epoxy group and a hydroxyl group in the molecule, and examples of resin types include epoxy resins, acrylic resins, and the like. In addition, the hydroxyl group which the said resin (b1) has may be an alcoholic hydroxyl group, and may be a phenolic hydroxyl group. In addition, the aforementioned resin (b1) may be used singly, or two or more of plural resin types may be used in combination.
作為前述樹脂(b1)使用的環氧樹脂，例如可舉出雙酚A型環氧樹脂、雙酚F型環氧樹脂、苯酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂等。雙酚A型環氧樹脂及雙酚F型環氧樹脂係使雙酚A等與環氧氯丙烷反應者，由於在同一分子內具有環氧基與羥基，可直接作為前述樹脂(b1)使用而較宜。又，苯酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂係在將苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂與環氧氯丙烷予以反應時，以酚性羥基殘留之方式反應，藉此可作為前述樹脂(b1)使用。此等之環氧樹脂係可使用1種，也可併用2種以上。 As an epoxy resin used for the said resin (b1), a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, a phenol novolak type epoxy resin, etc. are mentioned, for example. Bisphenol A type epoxy resin and bisphenol F type epoxy resin are those that react bisphenol A and the like with epichlorohydrin. Since they have epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups in the same molecule, they can be used directly as the aforementioned resin (b1) It's better. In addition, the phenol novolak type epoxy resin system reacts with a phenolic hydroxyl group remaining when the phenol novolak resin and epichlorohydrin are reacted, so that it can be used as the aforementioned resin (b1). One type of these epoxy resins may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
作為前述樹脂(b1)使用的丙烯酸樹脂，例如可舉出以具有環氧基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體及具有羥基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體作為必要原料，將彼等共聚合者。還有，(甲基)丙烯酸單體係指丙烯酸單體及甲基丙烯酸單體之任一者或兩者。又，(甲基)丙烯酸係指丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸之一者或兩者，(甲基)丙烯酸酯係指丙烯酸酯及甲基丙烯酸酯之一者或兩者。 As the acrylic resin used for the aforementioned resin (b1), for example, a (meth)acrylic monomer having an epoxy group and a (meth)acrylic monomer having a hydroxyl group as essential raw materials and copolymerizing these can be mentioned. In addition, the (meth)acrylic single system refers to either or both of acrylic monomers and methacrylic monomers. In addition, (meth)acrylic acid refers to one or both of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and (meth)acrylic acid ester refers to one or both of acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
作為前述具有環氧基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體，可舉出(甲基)丙烯酸環氧丙酯、4-羥基丁基丙烯酸酯環氧丙基醚、烯丙基環氧丙基醚等。於此等之具有環氧基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體之中，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳為甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯。又，此等之具有環氧基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體係可使用1種，也可併用2種以上。 Examples of the (meth)acrylic monomer having an epoxy group include glycidyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, etc. . Among these (meth)acrylic monomers having an epoxy group, glycidyl methacrylate is preferred from the viewpoint of improving adhesion. Moreover, these (meth)acrylic acid monosystems which have an epoxy group may use 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
又，作為前述具有羥基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體，可舉出：(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羥基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸6-羥基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(4-羥基甲基環己基)甲酯、甘油(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、N-羥乙基(甲基)丙烯醯胺、N-羥丙基(甲基)丙烯醯胺、N-羥丁基丙烯醯胺等。於此等之具有羥基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體之中，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳為(甲基)丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯。另外，此等之具有羥基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體係可使用1種，也可併用2種以上。 In addition, examples of the (meth)acrylic monomer having a hydroxyl group include: 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate Esters, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, (4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl) methyl (meth)acrylate, glycerol (meth)acrylate, poly Ethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, N-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylamide, etc. Among these (meth)acrylic monomers having a hydroxyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate is preferable in terms of improving adhesion. Moreover, these (meth)acrylic acid monosystems which have a hydroxyl group may use 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
又，作為前述丙烯酸樹脂之原料，亦可使用具有環氧基的(甲基)丙烯酸單體、具有羥基的(甲基) 丙烯酸單體以外之能與此等共聚合的其它聚合性單體。作為如此的其它聚合性單體，例如可舉出：(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸第二丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸第三丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十二酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異
前述丙烯酸樹脂係可藉由眾所周知之方法，將前述(甲基)丙烯酸單體等之混合物聚合而製造。作為此聚合方法，例如可舉出在有機溶劑中進行聚合之溶液聚合法、在水性介質中進行聚合之乳化聚合法、懸浮聚合法、沉澱聚合法、在無溶劑下聚合之塊狀聚合法等。 The aforementioned acrylic resin can be produced by polymerizing a mixture of the aforementioned (meth)acrylic monomer and the like by a well-known method. Examples of this polymerization method include a solution polymerization method in which polymerization is carried out in an organic solvent, an emulsion polymerization method in which polymerization is carried out in an aqueous medium, a suspension polymerization method, a precipitation polymerization method, and a bulk polymerization method in which polymerization is carried out without a solvent. .
作為前述丙烯酸樹脂之製造時所用的聚合起始劑，例如可舉出偶氮腈、偶氮酯、偶氮醯胺、偶氮脒、偶氮咪唑啉等之偶氮系起始劑；過氧縮酮、氫過氧化物、二烷基過氧化物、二醯基過氧化物、過氧二碳酸酯、過氧酯等之有機過氧化物；過硫酸銨、過硫酸鉀、過氧化氫等之無機過氧化物等。 As the polymerization initiator used in the production of the aforementioned acrylic resin, for example, azo initiators such as azo nitrile, azo ester, azo amide, azo amidine, azo imidazoline, etc.; peroxy Organic peroxides such as ketal, hydroperoxide, dialkyl peroxide, diacyl peroxide, peroxydicarbonate, peroxyester, etc.; ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, etc. The inorganic peroxide and so on.
又，可僅使用前述過氧化物進行自由基聚合，也可藉由併用前述過氧化物與抗壞血酸、異抗壞血酸、異抗壞血酸鈉、甲醛次硫酸鹽的金屬鹽、硫代硫酸鈉、亞硫酸氫鈉、氯化鐵等的還原劑之氧化還原聚合起始劑系進行聚合。 In addition, radical polymerization can be performed using only the aforementioned peroxide, or by using the aforementioned peroxide together with ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, metal salts of formaldehyde sulfoxylate, sodium thiosulfate, and sodium bisulfite. Redox polymerization initiators such as reducing agents such as ferric chloride are used for polymerization.
前述樹脂(b1)中之環氧基濃度，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳為0.05mmol/g以上8mmol/g以下，更佳為0.5mmol/g以上3mmol/g以下，尤佳為1mmol/g以上2mmol/g以下。 The epoxy group concentration in the aforementioned resin (b1), from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion, is preferably 0.05 mmol/g or more and 8 mmol/g or less, more preferably 0.5 mmol/g or more and 3 mmol/g or less, especially It is 1 mmol/g or more and 2 mmol/g or less.
另外，前述樹脂(b1)中之羥基濃度，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳為0.05mmol/g以上3mmol/g以下，更佳為0.1mmol/g以上2mmol/g以下，尤佳為0.5mmol/g以上1.5mmol/g以下。 In addition, the concentration of hydroxyl groups in the aforementioned resin (b1) is preferably 0.05 mmol/g or more and 3 mmol/g or less, more preferably 0.1 mmol/g or more and 2 mmol/g or less, from the viewpoint of improving adhesion. It is 0.5 mmol/g or more and 1.5 mmol/g or less.
於可作為前述樹脂(b1)使用的樹脂之中，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳為丙烯酸樹脂。 Among the resins that can be used as the aforementioned resin (b1), an acrylic resin is preferred from the viewpoint of improving adhesion.
前述交聯劑(b2)係含有多元羧酸者。前述多元羧酸亦可使用酐者。作為前述多元羧酸之具體例，可舉出：鄰苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、對苯二甲酸、偏苯三甲酸、均苯四甲酸、苯六甲酸、聯苯基二羧酸、聯苯基四羧酸、萘二羧酸等之芳香族多元羧酸及此等之酐；草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、甲基琥珀酸酐、乙基琥珀酸酐、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、2,3-丁烷二羧酸、2,4-戊烷二羧酸、3,5-庚烷二羧酸、六氫鄰苯二甲酸、甲基六氫鄰苯二甲酸、四氫鄰苯二甲酸、降
前述交聯劑(b2)中之羧基的莫耳數與前述樹脂(b1)中之環氧基的莫耳數之莫耳比[羧基/環氧基]，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳成為0.3以上3以下之量，更佳為0.5以上2.5以下。 The molar ratio of the molar number of the carboxyl group in the aforementioned crosslinking agent (b2) to the molar number of the epoxy group in the aforementioned resin (b1) [carboxyl group/epoxy group], from the perspective of improving adhesion It is preferably 0.3 or more and 3 or less, and more preferably 0.5 or more and 2.5 or less.
又，為了促進環氧與多元羧酸之反應，亦可使用硬化觸媒。作為前述硬化觸媒，可舉出三級胺、咪唑類、有機膦、路易士酸觸媒等。 In addition, in order to promote the reaction between epoxy and polycarboxylic acid, a hardening catalyst can also be used. Examples of the curing catalyst include tertiary amines, imidazoles, organic phosphines, Lewis acid catalysts, and the like.
作為前述三級胺，具體而言例如可舉出：三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三丁胺、三戊胺、三己胺、三辛胺、三月桂胺、二甲基乙基胺、二甲基丙基胺、二甲基丁基胺、二甲基戊基胺、二甲基己基胺、二甲基環己基胺、二甲基辛基胺、二甲基月桂基胺、三烯丙胺、四甲基乙二胺、三乙二胺(三伸乙四胺：TETA)、N-甲基
作為前述咪唑化合物，具體而言例如可舉出1-苄基-2-咪唑(1B2MZ)、2-乙基-4-咪唑、2-十一基咪唑、1,2-二甲基咪唑、1-苄基-2-苯基咪唑、2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基-5-羥基甲基咪唑(2P4MHZ)等。 Specific examples of the imidazole compound include 1-benzyl-2-imidazole (1B2MZ), 2-ethyl-4-imidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, 1 -Benzyl-2-phenylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazole (2P4MHZ), etc.
作為有機膦，具體而言例如可舉出三苯基膦(TPP)、三苯基膦-硼酸三苯酯、參(對甲氧基苯基)膦、四苯基鏻‧硼酸四苯酯等。 Specific examples of organic phosphines include triphenylphosphine (TPP), triphenylphosphine-triphenyl borate, ginseng (p-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenyl borate, etc. .
作為路易士酸觸媒，具體而言例如可舉出三氟化硼胺錯合物、三氯化硼胺錯合物、三氟化硼乙基胺錯合物等之路易士酸觸媒等。 Specific examples of Lewis acid catalysts include boron trifluoride amine complexes, boron trichloride amine complexes, boron trifluoride ethylamine complexes, and the like. .
於此等的硬化觸媒之中，從能更提高密著性來看，較佳為使用三級胺、咪唑化合物。又，此等的硬化觸媒係可使用1種，也可併用2種以上。 Among these curing catalysts, it is preferable to use tertiary amines and imidazole compounds from the viewpoint of improving adhesion. In addition, one type of these curing catalyst systems may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
為了在前述支撐體(A)上形成前述底漆層(B)，較佳為調製含有前述樹脂(b1)及前述交聯劑(b2)之底漆組成物(b)，將前述底漆組成物(b)塗布於前述支撐體(A)上。於前述底漆組成物(b)中，視需要亦可摻合前述樹脂(b1)及前述交聯劑(b2)以外的其它樹脂。作為其它樹脂，例如可舉出胺基甲酸酯樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、封端異氰酸酯樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、酚樹脂等。此等的其它樹脂係可使用1種，也可併用2種以上。 In order to form the primer layer (B) on the support (A), it is preferable to prepare a primer composition (b) containing the resin (b1) and the crosslinking agent (b2), and to form the primer The substance (b) is coated on the aforementioned support (A). In the primer composition (b), if necessary, other resins other than the resin (b1) and the crosslinking agent (b2) may be blended. Examples of other resins include urethane resins, acrylic resins, blocked isocyanate resins, melamine resins, and phenol resins. One type of these other resin systems may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
又，於前述底漆組成物(b)中，為了在向前述支撐體(A)塗布之際，成為容易塗布的黏度，較佳為摻合有機溶劑。作為前述有機溶劑，例如可舉出甲苯、乙酸乙酯、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮等。 In addition, in the primer composition (b), it is preferable to blend an organic solvent in order to obtain a viscosity that is easy to apply when applying to the support (A). As said organic solvent, toluene, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc. are mentioned, for example.
前述有機溶劑之使用量，較佳為按照向前述支撐體(A)塗布之際所用的塗布方法、前述底漆層(B)之所欲的膜厚，而適宜調整。 The amount of the organic solvent used is preferably adjusted appropriately according to the coating method used when coating the support (A) and the desired film thickness of the primer layer (B).
另外，於前述底漆組成物(b)中，視需要亦可適宜添加皮膜形成助劑、調平劑、增黏劑、撥水劑、消泡劑、抗氧化劑等眾所周知之添加劑。 In addition, to the aforementioned primer composition (b), well-known additives such as film forming aids, leveling agents, tackifiers, water repellents, defoamers, antioxidants, etc. can be suitably added as needed.
前述底漆層(B)例如係可藉由在前述支撐體(A)之表面之一部分或全部，塗布前述底漆組成物(b)，去除前述底漆組成物(b)中所含有的有機溶劑而形成。 The primer layer (B) can be, for example, by coating part or all of the surface of the support (A) with the primer composition (b) to remove the organic components contained in the primer composition (b). Solvents are formed.
作為將前述底漆組成物(b)塗布於前述支撐體(A)之表面的方法，例如可舉出凹版方式、塗覆方式、網版方式、輥方式、旋轉方式、噴霧方式、毛細管方式等方法。 As a method of applying the primer composition (b) to the surface of the support (A), for example, a gravure method, a coating method, a screen method, a roll method, a rotation method, a spray method, a capillary method, etc. can be mentioned. method.
將前述底漆組成物(b)塗布於前述支撐體(A)之表面後，作為去除該塗布層中所含有的有機溶劑之方法，例如一般為使用乾燥機進行乾燥，使有機溶劑揮發之方法。乾燥溫度只要是設定在能使所用的有機溶劑揮發，且對於前述支撐體(A)不造成熱變形等不良影響之範圍的溫度即可。 After the primer composition (b) is coated on the surface of the support (A), as a method to remove the organic solvent contained in the coating layer, for example, a drying machine is generally used to volatilize the organic solvent . The drying temperature may be set at a temperature that can volatilize the organic solvent used and does not cause adverse effects such as thermal deformation on the support (A).
使用前述底漆組成物(b)所形成的底漆層(B)之膜厚，雖然取決於使用本發明之積層體的用途而不同，但是較佳為能更提高前述支撐體(A)與後述的金屬奈米粒子層(C)之密著性的範圍，前述底漆層之膜厚較佳為10nm以上30μm以下，更佳為10nm以上1μm以下，尤佳為10nm以上500nm以下。 Although the film thickness of the primer layer (B) formed using the primer composition (b) may vary depending on the use of the laminate of the present invention, it is preferable to further increase the support (A) and In the range of the adhesion of the metal nanoparticle layer (C) described later, the thickness of the primer layer is preferably 10 nm or more and 30 μm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 1 μm or less, and particularly preferably 10 nm or more and 500 nm or less.
從能更提高與前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之密著性來看，前述底漆層(B)之表面係視需要可藉由電暈放電處理法等之電漿放電處理法、紫外線處理法等之乾式處理法、使用水或酸性或鹼性藥液、有機溶劑等之濕式處理法，進行表面處理。 From the perspective of improving the adhesion to the metal nanoparticle layer (C), the surface of the primer layer (B) can be treated by plasma discharge treatment such as corona discharge treatment and ultraviolet Surface treatment is performed by dry treatment methods such as treatment methods, wet treatment methods using water, acidic or alkaline liquids, organic solvents, etc.
前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)係形成在前述底漆層(B)上者，作為構成前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之金屬，可舉出過渡金屬或其化合物，其中較佳為離子性的過渡金屬。作為此離子性的過渡金屬，可舉出銅、銀、金、鎳、鈀、鉑、鈷等。於此等之中，從容易形成前述金屬鍍敷層(D)來看，較佳為銀。 The aforementioned metal nanoparticle layer (C) is formed on the aforementioned primer layer (B). As the metal constituting the aforementioned metal nanoparticle layer (C), transition metals or their compounds can be cited, and among them, ions are preferred. Sexual transition metals. Examples of this ionic transition metal include copper, silver, gold, nickel, palladium, platinum, cobalt, and the like. Among these, from the viewpoint of easy formation of the aforementioned metal plating layer (D), silver is preferred.
又，作為構成前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之金屬，可舉出銅、鎳、鉻、鈷、錫等。於此等之中，從電阻低，得到耐腐蝕的印刷配線板中可用之積層體來看，較佳為銅。 In addition, examples of the metal constituting the metal plating layer (D) include copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt, tin, and the like. Among these, copper is preferable in terms of a laminate that can be used in a printed wiring board with low electrical resistance and corrosion resistance.
作為本發明之積層體之製造方法，可舉出：首先在支撐體(A)之上，形成底漆層(B)，然後塗布含有奈米尺寸的金屬奈米粒子(c)之流動體，藉由將流動體中所含的有機溶劑等乾燥而去除，形成金屬奈米粒子層(C)後，藉由電解鍍敷或無電解鍍敷或其兩者，形成前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之方法。 As a manufacturing method of the laminated body of the present invention, there can be mentioned: first forming a primer layer (B) on the support (A), and then coating a fluid containing nano-sized metal nanoparticles (c), The organic solvent contained in the fluid is dried and removed to form the metal nanoparticle layer (C), and then the metal plating layer (D) is formed by electrolytic plating or electroless plating or both of them. ) Method.
前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之形成中所用的前述金屬奈米粒子(c)之形狀，較佳為粒子狀或纖維狀。又，前述金屬奈米粒子(c)之大小係使用奈米尺寸者，具體而言，當前述金屬奈米粒子(c)之形狀為粒子狀時，從可形成微細的導電性圖案，能更減低電阻值來看，平均粒徑較佳為1nm以上100nm以下，更佳為1nm以上50nm以下。還有，前述「平均粒徑」係以分散良溶劑稀釋前述導電性物質，藉由動態光散射法所測定之體積平均值。於此測定中，可使用Microtrac公司製「Nanotrac UPA-150」。 The shape of the metal nanoparticle (c) used in the formation of the metal nanoparticle layer (C) is preferably particulate or fibrous. In addition, the size of the aforementioned metal nanoparticle (c) is a nanometer size. Specifically, when the shape of the aforementioned metal nanoparticle (c) is particulate, a fine conductive pattern can be formed, and it can be more From the viewpoint of reducing the resistance value, the average particle size is preferably 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and more preferably 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less. In addition, the aforementioned "average particle diameter" is the volume average value measured by the dynamic light scattering method after diluting the aforementioned conductive material with a good dispersion solvent. In this measurement, "Nanotrac UPA-150" manufactured by Microtrac Corporation can be used.
另一方面，當前述金屬奈米粒子(c)之形狀為纖維狀時亦同，從可形成微細的導電性圖案，能更減低電阻值來看，纖維之直徑較佳為5nm以上100nm以下之範圍，更佳為5nm以上50nm以下之範圍。又，纖維之長度較佳為0.1μm以上100μm以下，更佳為0.1μm以上30μm以下。 On the other hand, the same applies when the shape of the aforementioned metal nanoparticle (c) is fibrous. From the viewpoint of forming a fine conductive pattern and further reducing the resistance value, the diameter of the fiber is preferably not less than 5nm and not more than 100nm. The range is more preferably a range of 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less. In addition, the length of the fiber is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, more preferably 0.1 μm or more and 30 μm or less.
前述流動體中的前述金屬奈米粒子(c)之含有率較佳為1質量%以上90質量%以下，更佳為1質量%以上60質量%以下，尤更佳為1質量%以上10質量%以下。 The content of the metal nanoparticle (c) in the fluid is preferably 1% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass %the following.
作為在前述流動體中摻合的成分，可舉出用於使前述金屬奈米粒子(c)分散於溶劑中之分散劑或溶劑，還有視需要之後述的界面活性劑、調平劑、黏度調整劑、成膜助劑、消泡劑、防腐劑等。 Examples of the components blended in the fluid include dispersants or solvents for dispersing the metal nanoparticle (c) in a solvent, as well as surfactants, leveling agents, etc., as necessary. Viscosity adjuster, film forming aid, defoamer, preservative, etc.
為了使前述金屬奈米粒子(c)分散於溶劑中，較佳為使用低分子量或高分子量的分散劑。作為前述分散劑，例如可舉出十二烷硫醇、1-辛烷硫醇、三苯基膦、十二胺、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚乙烯亞胺、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮；肉豆蔻酸、辛酸、硬脂酸等之脂肪酸；膽酸、甘草酸、樅酸等之具有羧基的多環式烴化合物等。於此等之中，從能提高前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)與前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之密著性來看，較佳為高分子分散劑，作為此高分子分散劑，可舉出聚乙烯亞胺、聚丙烯亞胺等之聚烯亞胺、在前述聚烯亞胺加成有聚氧化烯之化合物、胺基甲酸酯樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、在前述胺基甲酸酯樹脂或前述丙烯酸樹脂中含有磷酸基之化合物等。 In order to disperse the aforementioned metal nanoparticle (c) in a solvent, it is preferable to use a low-molecular-weight or high-molecular-weight dispersant. As the aforementioned dispersant, for example, dodecyl mercaptan, 1-octane mercaptan, triphenylphosphine, dodecylamine, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethyleneimine, polyvinylpyrrole Pyridone; fatty acids such as myristic acid, caprylic acid, and stearic acid; polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds with carboxyl groups such as cholic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, and abietic acid. Among these, from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion between the metal nanoparticle layer (C) and the metal plating layer (D), a polymer dispersant is preferred. As the polymer dispersant, Examples include polyethylenimines such as polyethyleneimine and polypropyleneimine, compounds in which polyoxyalkylene is added to the aforementioned polyalkyleneimine, urethane resins, acrylic resins, and the aforementioned urethane resins. Compounds containing phosphoric acid groups in the resin or the aforementioned acrylic resin.
使前述金屬奈米粒子(c)分散所需要的前述分散劑之使用量，相對於100質量份的前述金屬奈米粒子(c)，較佳為0.01質量份以上50質量份以下，更佳為0.01質量份以上10質量份以下。 The use amount of the dispersant required to disperse the metal nanoparticle (c) is preferably 0.01 part by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal nanoparticle (c), and more preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less.
作為前述流動體中使用的溶劑，可使用水性介質或有機溶劑。作為前述水性介質，例如可舉出蒸餾水、離子交換水、純水、超純水等。又，作為前述有機溶劑，可舉出醇化合物、醚化合物、酯化合物、酮化合物等。 As the solvent used in the aforementioned fluid, an aqueous medium or an organic solvent can be used. As said aqueous medium, distilled water, ion-exchange water, pure water, ultrapure water, etc. are mentioned, for example. In addition, examples of the organic solvent include alcohol compounds, ether compounds, ester compounds, ketone compounds, and the like.
作為前述醇化合物，例如可舉出：甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異丙醇、正丁醇、異丁基醇、第二丁醇、第三丁醇、庚醇、己醇、辛醇、壬醇、癸醇、十一醇、十二醇、十三醇、十四醇、十五醇、硬脂醇、烯丙醇、環己醇、萜品醇、松油醇、二氫松油醇、乙二醇單甲基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單丁基醚、二乙二醇單乙基醚、二乙二醇單甲基醚、二乙二醇單丁基醚、四乙二醇單丁基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚、二丙二醇單甲基醚、三丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單丙基醚、二丙二醇單丙基醚、丙二醇單丁基醚、二丙二醇單丁基醚、三丙二醇單丁基醚等。 Examples of the aforementioned alcohol compounds include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, second butanol, tertiary butanol, heptanol, hexanol, octanol, Nonanol, decanol, undecyl alcohol, dodecanol, tridecyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, pentadecanol, stearyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, terpineol, terpineol, dihydropine oil Alcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl Base ether, tetraethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether , Dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, etc.
又，於前述流動體中，除了前述金屬奈米粒子(c)、溶劑之外，視需要還可使用乙二醇、二乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、異戊二醇等。 Furthermore, in the fluid, in addition to the metal nanoparticle (c) and the solvent, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, isoprene glycol, etc. can be used as necessary.
作為前述界面活性劑，可使用一般的界面活性劑，例如可舉出二-2-乙基己基磺基琥珀酸鹽、十二基苯磺酸鹽、烷基二苯基醚二磺酸鹽、烷基萘磺酸鹽、六偏磷酸鹽等。 As the aforementioned surfactant, general surfactants can be used, for example, di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, hexametaphosphate, etc.
作為前述調平劑，可使用一般的調平劑，例如可舉出聚矽氧系化合物、快二醇系化合物、氟系化合物等。 As the above-mentioned leveling agent, general leveling agents can be used, and examples thereof include silicone compounds, fast glycol compounds, and fluorine compounds.
作為前述黏度調整劑，可使用一般的增黏劑，例如可舉出藉由調整至鹼性而能增黏的丙烯酸聚合物或合成橡膠乳膠、藉由分子締合而能增黏的胺基甲酸酯樹脂、羥乙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、甲基纖維素、聚乙烯醇、氫化蓖麻油、醯胺蠟、氧化聚乙烯、金屬皂、二亞苄基山梨糖醇等。 As the aforementioned viscosity modifier, general thickeners can be used, for example, acrylic polymer or synthetic rubber latex that can be thickened by adjustment to alkalinity, and urethane that can be thickened by molecular association. Ester resin, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, hydrogenated castor oil, amide wax, oxidized polyethylene, metal soap, dibenzylidene sorbitol, etc.
作為前述成膜助劑，可使用一般的成膜助劑，例如可舉出陰離子系界面活性劑(磺基琥珀酸二辛酯鈉鹽等)、疏水性非離子系界面活性劑(山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯等)、聚醚改質矽氧烷、聚矽氧油等。 As the aforementioned film-forming aids, general film-forming aids can be used, such as anionic surfactants (dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, etc.), hydrophobic nonionic surfactants (sorbitol Anhydride monooleate, etc.), polyether modified silicone, polysilicone oil, etc.
作為前述消泡劑，可使用一般的消泡劑，例如可舉出聚矽氧系消泡劑、非離子系界面活性劑、聚醚、高級醇、聚合物系界面活性劑等。 As the aforementioned defoaming agent, general defoaming agents can be used, and examples thereof include silicone-based defoamers, nonionic surfactants, polyethers, higher alcohols, polymer-based surfactants, and the like.
作為前述防腐劑，可使用一般的防腐劑，例如可舉出異噻唑啉系防腐劑、三
前述流動體之黏度(在25℃使用B型黏度計所測定之值)較佳為0.1mPa‧s以上500,000mPa‧s以下，更佳為0.2mPa‧s以上10,000mPa‧s以下。又，藉由後述的噴墨印刷法、凸版反轉印刷等之方法塗布(印刷)前述流動體時，其黏度較佳為5mPa‧s以上20mPa‧s以下。 The viscosity of the aforementioned fluid (value measured with a B-type viscometer at 25°C) is preferably 0.1mPa‧s or more and 500,000mPa‧s or less, more preferably 0.2mPa‧s or more and 10,000mPa‧s or less. In addition, when the fluid is applied (printed) by a method such as inkjet printing, relief printing, etc., described later, the viscosity of the fluid is preferably 5 mPa·s or more and 20 mPa·s or less.
作為於前述底漆層(B)之上塗布或印刷前述流動體之方法，例如可舉出噴墨印刷法、反轉印刷法、網版印刷法、平版印刷法、旋轉塗布法、噴霧塗布法、棒塗法、模塗法、狹縫塗布法、輥塗法、浸塗法、墊片印刷、柔版印刷法等。 As a method of coating or printing the fluid on the primer layer (B), for example, an inkjet printing method, a reverse printing method, a screen printing method, a lithography method, a spin coating method, and a spray coating method can be mentioned. , Bar coating method, die coating method, slit coating method, roll coating method, dip coating method, gasket printing, flexographic printing method, etc.
於此等的塗布方法之中，當形成以實現電子電路等的高密度化時所要求的0.01μm以上100μm以下之細線狀所圖案化的前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)時，較佳為使用噴墨印刷法、反轉印刷法。 Among these coating methods, when forming the aforementioned metal nanoparticle layer (C) patterned in a fine line of 0.01 μm or more and 100 μm or less, which is required for high density of electronic circuits and the like, is preferably Use inkjet printing method, reverse printing method.
作為前述噴墨印刷法，可使用一般稱為噴墨印表機者。具體而言，可舉出Konica-Minolta EB100、XY100(Konica-Minolta IJ股份有限公司製)、Dimatix-Material印表機DMP-3000、Dimatix-Material印表機DMP-2831(富士軟片股份有限公司製)等。 As the aforementioned inkjet printing method, what is generally called an inkjet printer can be used. Specifically, Konica-Minolta EB100, XY100 (manufactured by Konica-Minolta IJ Co., Ltd.), Dimatix-Material printer DMP-3000, Dimatix-Material printer DMP-2831 (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.) )Wait.
又，作為反轉印刷法，已知凸版反轉印刷法、凹版反轉印刷法，例如可舉出在各種橡皮布之表面上塗布前述流動體，使其與非印刷部突出之版接觸，藉由使對應於前述非印刷部的流動體在前述版之表面上選擇地轉印，而在前述橡皮布等之表面上形成前述圖案，接著使前述圖案轉印到前述支撐體(A)之上(表面)的方法。 In addition, as the reversal printing method, relief reversal printing method and gravure reversal printing method are known. For example, the above-mentioned fluid is coated on the surface of various blankets and brought into contact with the plate on which the non-printing portion protrudes. By selectively transferring the fluid corresponding to the non-printing portion on the surface of the plate, the pattern is formed on the surface of the blanket, etc., and then the pattern is transferred to the support (A) (Surface) method.
另外，關於向立體成形品的圖案印刷，已知墊片印刷法。此係將印墨載置於凹版之上，以刮刀刮取而使印墨均勻地填充於凹部，於載置有印墨的版上，按壓矽橡膠或胺基甲酸酯橡膠製的墊片，將圖案轉印到墊片上，使其轉印到立體成形品之方法。 In addition, a pad printing method is known for pattern printing on a three-dimensional molded product. In this system, the ink is placed on the intaglio plate, scraped by a scraper to evenly fill the recesses with the ink. On the plate on which the ink is placed, press a gasket made of silicone rubber or urethane rubber. , The method of transferring the pattern to the gasket and transferring it to the three-dimensional molded product.
前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之每單位面積的質量較佳為1mg/m2以上30,000mg/m2以下，更佳為1mg/m2以上5,000mg/m2以下。前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之厚度係可藉由控制前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之形成時的鍍敷處理步驟中之處理時間、電流密度、鍍敷用添加劑之使用量等而調整。 Mass per unit area of the metal nanoparticle layer (C) is preferably of 1mg / m 2 or more 30,000mg / m 2 or less, more preferably 1mg / m 2 or more 5,000mg / m 2 or less. The thickness of the metal nanoparticle layer (C) can be adjusted by controlling the processing time, current density, and the amount of plating additives used in the plating treatment step during the formation of the metal plating layer (D). .
構成本發明之積層體的金屬鍍敷層(D)，例如當將前述積層體使用於印刷配線板等時，係以在長期間中不發生斷線等，形成能維持良好的通電性之可靠性高的配線圖案為目的而設置之層。 The metal plating layer (D) constituting the laminated body of the present invention, for example, when the aforementioned laminated body is used in a printed wiring board, etc., is formed so as not to be disconnected for a long period of time, and to form a reliable structure that can maintain good electrical conductivity. A layer provided with high-performance wiring patterns for the purpose.
前述金屬鍍敷層(D)係形成在前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之上的層，作為其形成方法，較佳為藉由鍍敷處理而形成之方法。作為此鍍敷處理，可舉出能簡便地形成前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之電解鍍敷法、無電解鍍敷法等的濕式鍍敷法。又，亦可組合2個以上的此等之鍍敷法。例如，可於施予無電解鍍敷後，施予電解鍍敷，而形成前述金屬鍍敷層(D)。 The metal plating layer (D) is a layer formed on the metal nanoparticle layer (C), and the method of forming the metal nanoparticle layer (C) is preferably a method formed by a plating treatment. As this plating treatment, a wet plating method such as an electrolytic plating method and an electroless plating method that can easily form the metal plating layer (D) can be mentioned. In addition, two or more of these plating methods may be combined. For example, after electroless plating is applied, electrolytic plating may be applied to form the aforementioned metal plating layer (D).
上述之無電解鍍敷法例如係藉由對於構成前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)的金屬，使無電解鍍敷液接觸，使無電解鍍敷液中所含有的銅等金屬析出，而形成由金屬皮膜所構成的無電解鍍敷層(皮膜)之方法。 The above-mentioned electroless plating method is formed by, for example, contacting the metal constituting the metal nanoparticle layer (C) with an electroless plating solution to precipitate metals such as copper contained in the electroless plating solution. A method of electroless plating (film) composed of a metal film.
作為前述無電解鍍敷液，例如可舉出含有銅、鎳、鉻、鈷、錫、金、銀等之金屬、還原劑與水性介質、有機溶劑等之溶劑者。 Examples of the electroless plating solution include those containing metals such as copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt, tin, gold, and silver, reducing agents, aqueous media, organic solvents, and other solvents.
作為前述還原劑，例如可舉出二甲基胺基硼烷、次磷酸、次磷酸鈉、二甲基胺硼烷、聯胺、甲醛、硼氫化鈉、苯酚等。 As said reducing agent, dimethylamino borane, hypophosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite, dimethylamine borane, hydrazine, formaldehyde, sodium borohydride, phenol etc. are mentioned, for example.
又，作為前述無電解鍍敷液，視需要可使用含有甲酸、乙酸等之單羧酸；丙二酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、馬來酸、富馬酸等之二羧酸化合物；蘋果酸、乳酸、乙醇酸、葡萄糖酸、檸檬酸等之羥基羧酸化合物；甘胺酸、丙胺酸、亞胺基二乙酸、精胺酸、天冬胺酸、麩胺酸等之胺基酸化合物；亞胺基二乙酸、氮基三乙酸、乙二胺二乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸、二伸乙三胺五乙酸等之胺基多羧酸化合物等的有機酸、或此等的有機酸之可溶性鹽(鈉鹽、鉀鹽、銨鹽等)、乙二胺、二伸乙三胺、三伸乙四胺等之胺化合物等的錯合劑者。 In addition, as the aforementioned electroless plating solution, monocarboxylic acids containing formic acid, acetic acid, etc.; dicarboxylic acid compounds such as malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid can be used as needed; Hydroxycarboxylic acid compounds such as acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, etc.; amino acid compounds such as glycine, alanine, iminodiacetic acid, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamine, etc. ; Organic acids such as amino polycarboxylic acid compounds such as iminodiacetic acid, nitrotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminediacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, or such organic acids The soluble salt (sodium salt, potassium salt, ammonium salt, etc.), ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and other amine compounds and other complexing agents.
前述無電解鍍敷液較佳為以20℃以上98℃以下使用。 The aforementioned electroless plating solution is preferably used at 20°C or higher and 98°C or lower.
前述電解鍍敷法例如係藉由在構成前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)的金屬、或由前述無電解處理所形成的無電解鍍敷層(皮膜)之表面，以接觸電解鍍敷液之狀態進行通電，而使前述電解鍍敷液中所含有的銅等金屬析出在設於陰極的構成前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之導電性物質、或由前述無電解處理所形成的無電解鍍敷層(皮膜)之表面，形成電解鍍敷層(金屬皮膜)之方法。 The aforementioned electrolytic plating method is, for example, by contacting the surface of the metal constituting the aforementioned metal nanoparticle layer (C) or the electroless plating layer (film) formed by the aforementioned electroless treatment to the surface of the electrolytic plating solution. The state is energized, and the metal such as copper contained in the electrolytic plating solution is deposited on the conductive material constituting the metal nanoparticle layer (C) provided on the cathode, or the electroless formed by the electroless treatment A method of forming an electrolytic plating layer (metal film) on the surface of a plating layer (film).
作為前述電解鍍敷液，例如可舉出含有銅、鎳、鉻、鈷、錫等的金屬之硫化物、硫酸與水性介質者等。具體而言，可舉出含有硫酸銅、硫酸與水性介質者。 Examples of the electrolytic plating solution include those containing metal sulfides such as copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt, and tin, sulfuric acid, and an aqueous medium. Specifically, those containing copper sulfate, sulfuric acid, and an aqueous medium can be mentioned.
前述電解鍍敷液較佳為以20℃以上98℃以下使用。 The aforementioned electrolytic plating solution is preferably used at 20°C or higher and 98°C or lower.
作為前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之形成方法，就容易將前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之膜厚從薄膜到厚膜中控制在所欲的膜厚來看，較佳為於施予無電解鍍敷後，施予電解鍍敷之方法。 As a method of forming the metal plating layer (D), it is easy to control the film thickness of the metal plating layer (D) to a desired film thickness from thin film to thick film. After electrolytic plating, electrolytic plating is applied.
前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之膜厚較佳為1μm以上50μm以下之範圍。前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之膜厚係可藉由控制前述金屬鍍敷層(D)之形成時的鍍敷處理步驟中之處理時間、電流密度、鍍敷用添加劑之使用量等而調整。 The film thickness of the aforementioned metal plating layer (D) is preferably in the range of 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. The film thickness of the metal plating layer (D) can be adjusted by controlling the processing time, current density, and the amount of plating additives used in the plating treatment step during the formation of the metal plating layer (D). .
以下，藉由實施例來詳細地說明本發明。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail through examples.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入180質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有25質量份的甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、12質量份的甲基丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、55質量份的苯乙烯及8質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之 溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(1)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 180 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90°C, under stirring, mix 25 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate, 12 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 55 parts by mass of styrene, and 8 The monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate of parts by mass, and the polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each reacted from a different dropping funnel. The temperature in the container was kept at 90±1°C, and it was dripped and polymerized in 240 minutes. After completion of the dropping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (1) for primers.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入180質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有10質量份的甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、20質量份的甲基丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、30質量份的苯乙烯及40質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(2)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 180 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90°C, under stirring, add 10 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate, 20 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 30 parts by mass of styrene, and 40 parts by mass. The monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate of parts by mass, and the polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each reacted from a different dropping funnel. The temperature in the container was kept at 90±1°C, and it was dripped and polymerized in 240 minutes. After dripping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (2) for primers.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入180質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有40質量份的甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、5質量份的甲基丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、20質量份的苯乙烯及35 質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(3)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 180 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90°C, under stirring, add 40 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate, 5 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 20 parts by mass of styrene, and 35 parts by mass. The monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate of parts by mass, and the polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each reacted from a different dropping funnel. The temperature in the container was kept at 90±1°C, and it was dripped and polymerized in 240 minutes. After dripping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (3) for primers.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入180質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有20質量份的甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、15質量份的甲基丙烯酸2-經基乙酯、30質量份的丙烯酸正丁酯及35質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(4)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 180 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90°C, under stirring, add 20 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate, 15 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and 30 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate. A monomer mixture of ester and 35 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, and a polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each from a different dropping funnel, While maintaining the temperature in the reaction vessel at 90±1°C, it was dripped and polymerized in 240 minutes. After dripping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (4) for primers.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入180質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有1質量份的甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、1質量份的甲基丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、40質量份的苯乙烯、39質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯及19質量份的丙烯酸正丁酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(5)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 180 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90°C, under stirring, add 1 part by mass of glycidyl methacrylate, 1 part by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 40 parts by mass of styrene, and 39 parts by mass. A monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate and 19 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, and a polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each from While keeping the temperature in the reaction vessel at 90±1°C, the different dropping funnels were dropped and polymerized in 240 minutes. After dripping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (5) for primers.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入200質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有15質量份的甲基丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、38質量份的苯乙烯、30質量份的丙烯酸正丁酯、17質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在 90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(6)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 200 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90° C., under stirring, a mixture containing 15 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 38 parts by mass of styrene, 30 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, and 17 parts by mass of The monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate, and the polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each from a different dropping funnel, while changing the temperature in the reaction vessel While keeping it at 90±1°C, it took 240 minutes to drip and polymerize. After dripping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (6) for primers.
於備有攪拌機、回流冷卻管、氮氣導入管、溫度計、單體混合物滴下用滴液漏斗及聚合觸媒滴下用滴液漏斗之反應容器中，加入180質量份的乙酸乙酯，邊吹入氮氣邊升溫到90℃。於經升溫到90℃的反應容器內，在攪拌下，將含有30質量份的甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、55質量份的苯乙烯、15質量份的甲基丙烯酸甲酯之單體混合物，與含有1質量份的偶氮異丁腈及20質量份的乙酸乙酯之聚合起始劑溶液，各自從不同的滴液漏斗，一邊將反應容器內溫度保持在90±1℃，一邊費240分鐘滴下而聚合。滴下結束後，於同溫度下攪拌120分鐘後，將前述反應容器內之溫度冷卻到30℃。接著，以乙酸乙酯稀釋，得到底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(7)之2質量%溶液。 In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, a reflux cooling tube, a nitrogen introduction tube, a thermometer, a dropping funnel for dropping the monomer mixture, and a dropping funnel for dropping the polymerization catalyst, 180 parts by mass of ethyl acetate was added and nitrogen was blown in. While raising the temperature to 90°C. In a reaction vessel heated to 90°C, under stirring, a monomer mixture containing 30 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate, 55 parts by mass of styrene, and 15 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate was mixed, With a polymerization initiator solution containing 1 part by mass of azoisobutyronitrile and 20 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, each from a different dropping funnel, while keeping the temperature in the reaction vessel at 90±1°C, it costs 240 Minutes drip and converge. After dripping, after stirring for 120 minutes at the same temperature, the temperature in the aforementioned reaction vessel was cooled to 30°C. Then, it diluted with ethyl acetate, and obtained the 2 mass% solution of the acrylic resin (7) for primers.
於以甲基乙基酮稀釋環氧樹脂(DIC股份有限公司製「EPICLON 1050」；雙酚A型環氧樹脂，環氧當量475g/當量)而使固體成分成為2質量%的溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合11.5質量份作為硬化劑的均苯四甲酸酐之2質量%甲基乙基酮溶液，得到底漆組成物(1)。 100 parts by mass of a solution that dilutes the epoxy resin ("EPICLON 1050" manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.; bisphenol A epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 475g/equivalent) with methyl ethyl ketone to make the solid content 2% by mass In this, 11.5 parts by mass of a 2 mass% methyl ethyl ketone solution of pyromellitic anhydride as a hardener was uniformly mixed to obtain a primer composition (1).
於以甲基乙基酮稀釋環氧樹脂(DIC股份有限公司製「EPICLON 830S」；雙酚F型環氧樹脂，環氧當量170g/當量)而使固體成分成為2質量%的溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合38.9質量份作為硬化劑的偏苯三甲酸酐之2質量%甲基乙基酮溶液，得到底漆組成物(2)。 100 parts by mass of a solution diluted with methyl ethyl ketone ("EPICLON 830S" manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd.; bisphenol F type epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 170g/equivalent) with methyl ethyl ketone so that the solid content becomes 2% by mass 38.9 parts by mass of a 2% by mass methyl ethyl ketone solution of trimellitic anhydride as a hardener was uniformly mixed to obtain a primer composition (2).
於製造例1所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(1)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合11.6質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(3)。 To 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (1) obtained in Production Example 1, 11.6 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed, The primer composition (3) was obtained.
於製造例1所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(1)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合17.4質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(4)。 To 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (1) obtained in Production Example 1, uniformly mixed 17.4 parts by mass of a 2% by mass solution of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone, The primer composition (4) was obtained.
於製造例1所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(1)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合23.2質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之固體成分2質量%的溶液，得到底漆組成物(5)。 In 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (1) obtained in Production Example 1, 23.2 parts by mass of solid content 2% by mass of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed的 solution to obtain the primer composition (5).
於製造例1所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(1)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合20.3質量份的以異丙醇稀釋十二烷二酸而成之固體成分2質量%的溶液，得到底漆組成物(6)。 In 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of acrylic resin for primer (1) obtained in Production Example 1, 20.3 parts by mass of dodecanedioic acid diluted with isopropanol were uniformly mixed with 2% by mass. Solution to obtain primer composition (6).
於製造例2所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(2)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合4.6質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之固體成分2質量%的溶液，得到底漆組成物(7)。 In 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (2) obtained in Production Example 2, 4.6 parts by mass of the solid content 2% by mass of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed的 solution to obtain the primer composition (7).
於製造例3所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(3)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合15.4質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋均苯四甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(8)。 To 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (3) obtained in Production Example 3, 15.4 parts by mass of a 2% by mass solution prepared by diluting pyromellitic anhydride with methyl ethyl ketone were uniformly mixed , The primer composition (8) was obtained.
於製造例4所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(4)之2質量%100質量份中，均勻地混合9.3質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(9)。 To 2% by mass 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin for primer (4) obtained in Production Example 4, 9.3 parts by mass of a 2% by mass solution of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed to obtain Primer composition (9).
於製造例5所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(5)之2質量%100質量份中，均勻地混合0.46質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(10)。 To 2% by mass 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin for primer (5) obtained in Production Example 5, 0.46 parts by mass of a 2% by mass solution of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed to obtain Primer composition (10).
於製造例6所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(6)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合11.6質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(R1)。 In 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (6) obtained in Production Example 6, 11.6 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed, The primer composition (R1) was obtained.
於製造例7所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(7)之2質量%溶液100質量份中，均勻地混合13.9質量份的以甲基乙基酮稀釋偏苯三甲酸酐而成之2質量%溶液，得到底漆組成物(R2)。 In 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (7) obtained in Production Example 7, 13.9 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of trimellitic anhydride diluted with methyl ethyl ketone was uniformly mixed, The primer composition (R2) was obtained.
將製造例1所得的底漆用丙烯酸樹脂(1)之2質量%溶液100質量份直接使用作為底漆組成物(R3)。 100 parts by mass of the 2% by mass solution of the acrylic resin for primer (1) obtained in Production Example 1 was directly used as the primer composition (R3).
依照日本發明專利第4573138號公報記載之實施例1，得到由具有灰綠色金屬光澤的鱗片狀塊所構成之陽離 子性銀奈米粒子，其係銀奈米粒子與具有陽離子性基(胺基)的有機化合物之複合體。然後，使此銀奈米粒子之粉末分散於45質量份的乙二醇與55質量份的離子交換水之混合溶劑中，調製陽離子性銀奈米粒子為5質量%之流動體(1)。 According to Example 1 described in Japanese Patent No. 4573138, a cationic silver nanoparticle composed of scaly lumps with gray-green metallic luster was obtained, which is a silver nanoparticle and a cationic group (amine group). A complex of organic compounds. Then, the silver nanoparticle powder was dispersed in a mixed solvent of 45 parts by mass of ethylene glycol and 55 parts by mass of ion-exchange water to prepare a fluid (1) of 5 mass% of cationic silver nanoparticles.
於聚醯亞胺薄膜(東麗-杜邦股份有限公司製「Kapton 100H」；厚度25μm)之表面上，使用桌上型小型塗布機(RK Print-Coat Instrument公司製「K Printing Proofer」)，以乾燥後的厚度成為100nm之方式塗布調製例1所得之底漆組成物(1)。接著，藉由使用熱風乾燥機，在150℃乾燥5分鐘，而在聚醯亞胺薄膜之表面上形成底漆層。 On the surface of the polyimide film ("Kapton 100H" made by Toray-DuPont Co., Ltd.; thickness 25μm), use a small desktop coater ("K Printing Proofer" made by RK Print-Coat Instrument) to The primer composition (1) obtained in Preparation Example 1 was applied so that the thickness after drying became 100 nm. Next, by using a hot air dryer, drying at 150°C for 5 minutes, a primer layer was formed on the surface of the polyimide film.
於上述所形成的底漆層之表面上，使用棒塗機，塗布上述所得之流動體(1)。接著，藉由在150℃乾燥5分鐘，形成相當於前述金屬奈米粒子層(C)之銀層(膜厚20nm)。 On the surface of the primer layer formed above, use a bar coater to coat the fluid (1) obtained above. Next, by drying at 150°C for 5 minutes, a silver layer (film thickness 20 nm) corresponding to the aforementioned metal nanoparticle layer (C) was formed.
將上述所形成的銀層在無電解鍍銅液(奧野製藥工業股份有限公司製「OIC Copper」，pH12.5)中，於45℃浸漬12分鐘，進行無電解鍍銅，形成由無電解鍍敷所造成之鍍銅層(膜厚0.2μm)。 The silver layer formed above was immersed in an electroless copper plating solution ("OIC Copper" manufactured by Okuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., pH 12.5) at 45°C for 12 minutes to perform electroless copper plating to form an electroless copper plating solution. Copper plating layer (film thickness 0.2μm) caused by deposition.
將上述所得之由無電解鍍銅所造成之鍍銅層設定在陰極側，將含磷銅設定在陽極側，藉由使用含有硫酸銅的電解鍍敷液，以電流密度2.5A/dm2進行30 分鐘電解鍍敷，於由無電解鍍銅所造成之鍍銅層的表面上，形成由電解鍍銅所造成之鍍銅層(膜厚15μm)。作為前述電解鍍敷液，係使用70g/L的硫酸銅、200g/L的硫酸、50mg/L的氯離子、5ml/L的添加劑(奧野製藥工業(股)製「Top Lucina SF-M」)。還有，合併有由無電解鍍銅所造成之鍍銅層及在其上所形成的由電解鍍銅所造成之鍍銅層者，係相當於前述金屬鍍敷層(D)。 The above-mentioned copper plating layer caused by electroless copper plating is set on the cathode side, and phosphorous copper is set on the anode side. The electrolytic plating solution containing copper sulfate is used to perform the process at a current density of 2.5A/dm 2 For 30 minutes of electrolytic plating, the copper plating layer (film thickness 15μm) caused by electrolytic copper plating is formed on the surface of the copper plating layer caused by electroless copper plating. As the aforementioned electrolytic plating solution, 70g/L copper sulfate, 200g/L sulfuric acid, 50mg/L chloride ion, and 5ml/L additive were used ("Top Lucina SF-M" manufactured by Okuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) . In addition, the combination of a copper plating layer caused by electroless copper plating and a copper plating layer formed thereon by electrolytic copper plating is equivalent to the aforementioned metal plating layer (D).
藉由以上之方法，得到依順序積層有支撐體(A)、底漆層(B)、金屬奈米粒子層(C)及金屬鍍敷層(D)之積層體(1)。 By the above method, a laminate (1) in which a support (A), a primer layer (B), a metal nanoparticle layer (C), and a metal plating layer (D) are laminated in this order is obtained.
除了代替實施例1所用的底漆組成物(1)，使用底漆組成物(2)~(10)及(R1)~(R3)以外，與實施例1同樣地進行，得到積層體(2)~(10)及(R1)~(R3)。 Except that instead of the primer composition (1) used in Example 1, the primer compositions (2) to (10) and (R1) to (R3) were used in the same manner as in Example 1, to obtain a laminate (2) )~(10) and (R1)~(R3).
對於上述實施例1~10及比較例1~3所得之積層體(1)~(10)及(R1)~(R3)，進行下述之測定及評價。 For the laminates (1) to (10) and (R1) to (R3) obtained in the foregoing Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the following measurements and evaluations were performed.
對於上述所得之各積層體，使用島津製作所股份有限公司製「Autograph AGS-X 500N」，測定剝離強度。還有，測定中所用的引線寬度為5mm，其剝離角度設為90°。又，剝離強度係有金屬鍍敷層的厚度愈厚，顯示愈高的值之傾向，但是本發明中的剝離強度之測定係以金屬鍍敷層的厚度15μm之測定值作為基準而實施。 For each laminate obtained above, the peel strength was measured using "Autograph AGS-X 500N" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. In addition, the lead width used in the measurement was 5 mm, and its peeling angle was set to 90°. In addition, the peel strength tends to show a higher value as the thickness of the metal plating layer is thicker. However, the measurement of the peel strength in the present invention is performed on the basis of the measured value of the thickness of the metal plating layer of 15 μm.
從上述所測定之加熱前的剝離強度之值，依照下述基準來評價密著性。 From the value of the peel strength before heating measured above, the adhesion was evaluated in accordance with the following criteria.
A：剝離強度之值為650N/m以上。 A: The value of the peel strength is 650 N/m or more.
B：剝離強度之值為450N/m以上且小於650N/m。 B: The value of the peel strength is 450 N/m or more and less than 650 N/m.
C：剝離強度之值為250N/m以上且小於450N/m。 C: The value of the peel strength is 250 N/m or more and less than 450 N/m.
D：剝離強度之值小於250N/m。 D: The value of peel strength is less than 250 N/m.
對於上述所得之各積層體，分別在設定於150℃的乾燥機內保管168小時，進行加熱。加熱後，以與上述同樣之方法測定剝離強度。 Each laminate obtained above was stored in a dryer set at 150°C for 168 hours and heated. After heating, the peel strength was measured by the same method as described above.
使用上述所測定之加熱前後的剝離強度值，算出加熱前後的保持率，依照下述基準來評價耐熱性。 Using the measured peel strength values before and after heating, the retention rate before and after heating was calculated, and the heat resistance was evaluated in accordance with the following criteria.
A：保持率為85%以上。 A: The retention rate is 85% or more.
B：保持率為70%以上且小於85%。 B: The retention rate is 70% or more and less than 85%.
C：保持率為55%以上且小於70%。 C: The retention rate is 55% or more and less than 70%.
D：保持率小於55%。 D: The retention rate is less than 55%.
表1~3中顯示實施例1~10及比較例1~3所用的底漆組成物之種類、加熱前後的剝離強度之測定結果、密著性及耐熱性之評價結果。 Tables 1 to 3 show the types of primer compositions used in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the measurement results of the peel strength before and after heating, and the evaluation results of adhesion and heat resistance.
可確認本發明之積層體的實施例1~10所得之積層體(1)~(10)，係初期(加熱前)的密著性充分高，還有加熱後的剝離強度之降低亦輕微，耐熱性亦優異。 It can be confirmed that the laminates (1) to (10) obtained in Examples 1 to 10 of the laminate of the present invention have sufficiently high adhesion at the initial stage (before heating), and the peel strength after heating is also slightly reduced. The heat resistance is also excellent.
另一方面，可確認比較例1之積層體(R1)為在用於底漆層的底漆用樹脂中使用不具有環氧基的丙烯酸樹脂之例，而初期(加熱前)的密著性極低，加熱後之剝離強度成為0kN/m，在密著性有問題。 On the other hand, it can be confirmed that the laminate (R1) of Comparative Example 1 is an example of using acrylic resin without epoxy group in the primer resin used for the primer layer, and the initial adhesion (before heating) Very low, the peeling strength after heating becomes 0kN/m, and there is a problem in adhesion.
可確認比較例2之積層體(R2)為在用於底漆層的底漆用樹脂中使用不具有羥基的丙烯酸樹脂之例，而初期(加熱前)的密著性極低，加熱後之剝離強度成為0kN/m，在密著性有問題。 It can be confirmed that the laminate (R2) of Comparative Example 2 is an example in which an acrylic resin having no hydroxyl group is used in the primer resin used for the primer layer, but the initial adhesion (before heating) is extremely low, and it is very low after heating. The peel strength becomes 0 kN/m, and there is a problem in adhesion.
可確認比較例3之積層體(R3)係不用交聯劑之例，雖然初期(加熱前)的密著性比較高，但是加熱後的剝離強度之保持率成為53%，在耐熱性有問題。 It can be confirmed that the laminate (R3) of Comparative Example 3 is an example that does not use a crosslinking agent. Although the initial adhesion (before heating) is relatively high, the retention rate of the peel strength after heating becomes 53%, which is problematic in heat resistance. .
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