TWI725995B - Drive unit and assembly with cooling - Google Patents

Drive unit and assembly with cooling Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI725995B
TWI725995B TW105131624A TW105131624A TWI725995B TW I725995 B TWI725995 B TW I725995B TW 105131624 A TW105131624 A TW 105131624A TW 105131624 A TW105131624 A TW 105131624A TW I725995 B TWI725995 B TW I725995B
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Taiwan
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cooling
patent application
scope
pump
item
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TW105131624A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201735505A (en
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安德烈亞斯 均德爾
雷娜 胡特
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德商羅伯特博斯奇股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/08—Cooling; Heating; Preventing freezing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/225—Heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/227—Heat sinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

A frequency converter is disclosed with cooling for an electric motor that drives a hydrostatic pump. The cooling is carried out by means of the working pressure medium, which is transported by the pump. In this case, a cooling channel can form a segment of the hydraulic circuit that is supplied by the pump or the working pressure medium is taken from a tank and transported to an extra cooling circuit line.

Description

具有冷卻的驅動單元及總成 Drive unit and assembly with cooling

本發明係關於一種具有液壓靜力泵、電馬達及冷卻的頻率轉換器之驅動單元。本發明進一步係關於一種具有此種驅動單元之總成。 The invention relates to a drive unit with a hydrostatic pump, an electric motor and a cooling frequency converter. The invention further relates to an assembly with such a drive unit.

自先前技術已知藉助於電馬達驅動液壓靜力泵，該液壓靜力泵藉助於液壓迴路供應液壓載荷，該液壓載荷諸如像馬達或缸。產生廢熱之頻率轉換器提供在電力供應與電馬達之間。一大部分廢熱出現在電力電子器件或具有隔離閘極電極(IGBT)之一或多個雙級電晶體以及整流器中。為將廢熱最佳地傳遞至冷卻體，頻率轉換器或IGBT及/或整流器通常直接螺栓連接至冷卻體。冷卻體由諸如像鋁之具有高熱導率之材料製成。為優化熱轉移，將熱膠提供在頻率轉換器或IGBT及/或整流器與冷卻體之間。 It is known from the prior art to drive a hydrostatic pump by means of an electric motor which supplies a hydraulic load, such as a motor or a cylinder, by means of a hydraulic circuit. A frequency converter that generates waste heat is provided between the power supply and the electric motor. A large part of the waste heat occurs in power electronic devices or one or more two-stage transistors with isolated gate electrodes (IGBT) and rectifiers. In order to optimally transfer the waste heat to the cooling body, frequency converters or IGBTs and/or rectifiers are usually bolted directly to the cooling body. The cooling body is made of a material with high thermal conductivity such as aluminum. To optimize heat transfer, hot glue is provided between the frequency converter or IGBT and/or rectifier and the cooling body.

其他廢熱出現在頻率轉換器內部中之其他電容器中。因為該廢熱少了很多，所以其處不需要藉由冷卻體之冷卻。廢熱藉助於自然對流或使用殼體風扇藉助於強制對流傳送至環境空氣。 Other waste heat appears in other capacitors inside the frequency converter. Because the waste heat is much less, there is no need for cooling by a cooling body. The waste heat is transferred to the ambient air by means of natural convection or by using a housing fan by means of forced convection.

替代地，自先前技術已知將例如水之特殊冷卻液傳遞經過冷卻體。該冷卻液傳遞經過冷卻體內部中之鏜孔或凹部。甚至在水冷卻式冷卻體的情況下，IGBT及/或整流器藉由熱膠直接螺栓連接至冷卻體以便可使優良的熱轉移。具有水冷卻之冷卻體通常具有更大冷卻能力，因為水具有 高熱轉移或高熱容量。 Alternatively, it is known from the prior art to pass a special cooling liquid, such as water, through the cooling body. The coolant is passed through bores or recesses in the interior of the cooling body. Even in the case of a water-cooled cooler, the IGBT and/or rectifier are directly bolted to the cooler by hot glue so that excellent heat transfer can be achieved. Coolers with water cooling usually have greater cooling capacity, because water has High heat transfer or high heat capacity.

具有電馬達之驅動單元的缺點為水迴路之設備複雜性，其中該驅動單元之頻率轉換器藉由水冷卻式冷卻體冷卻。 The disadvantage of the drive unit with an electric motor is the complexity of the equipment of the water circuit, in which the frequency converter of the drive unit is cooled by a water-cooled cooling body.

對比而言，本發明之目標為提供具有冷卻之驅動單元及總成，該驅動單元及總成之冷卻能力可與水冷卻之冷卻能力相比，其中旨在減小設備複雜性。 In contrast, the object of the present invention is to provide a driving unit and assembly with cooling, the cooling capacity of the driving unit and assembly is comparable to that of water cooling, and the aim is to reduce the complexity of the equipment.

此目標藉由具有泵之驅動單元及藉由電馬達以及藉由具有如申請專利範圍第1項之特徵的冷卻的頻率轉換器來達成。 This goal is achieved by a drive unit with a pump and by an electric motor and by a cooled frequency converter with the characteristics of the first item in the scope of the patent application.

根據本發明之驅動單元具有電馬達，該電馬達可能或較佳地耦接至液壓靜力泵以驅動該液壓靜力泵。電馬達電連接至藉助於冷卻裝置冷卻之頻率轉換器。冷卻裝置可藉由工作壓力介質、特別藉由將該介質傳遞經過冷卻裝置而得以冷卻，其中該工作壓力介質或者直接安置於由泵操作之工作迴路中或至少取自該工作迴路。 The drive unit according to the present invention has an electric motor, which may or preferably be coupled to a hydrostatic pump to drive the hydrostatic pump. The electric motor is electrically connected to a frequency converter cooled by means of a cooling device. The cooling device can be cooled by a working pressure medium, in particular by passing the medium through the cooling device, wherein the working pressure medium is either directly arranged in a working circuit operated by a pump or at least taken from the working circuit.

此外，該目標藉由具有液壓靜力泵之總成達成，該液壓靜力泵可藉由電連接至頻率轉換器之電馬達驅動，其中頻率轉換器藉助於冷卻裝置冷卻。冷卻裝置可藉由工作壓力介質冷卻，該工作壓力介質或者直接安置於由泵操作之工作迴路中或至少取自該工作迴路，特別地，該工作壓力介質傳遞經過冷卻裝置。 In addition, this goal is achieved by an assembly with a hydrostatic pump that can be driven by an electric motor electrically connected to a frequency converter, where the frequency converter is cooled by means of a cooling device. The cooling device can be cooled by a working pressure medium, which is either directly arranged in a working circuit operated by a pump or at least taken from the working circuit, in particular, the working pressure medium is passed through the cooling device.

由於根據本發明之具有工作壓力介質之頻率轉換器的冷卻，頻率轉換器且特別為電力電子器件及具有隔離閘極電極(IGBT)之雙級電晶體及/或其整流器之在技術上簡單卻有效的冷卻為可能的而無需具有特殊 冷卻劑之特殊冷卻劑迴路。 Due to the cooling of the frequency converter with the working pressure medium according to the present invention, the frequency converter, especially for power electronic devices and dual-stage transistors with isolated gate electrodes (IGBT) and/or their rectifiers, is technically simple and yet Effective cooling is possible without having to have special Special coolant circuit for coolant.

若工作壓力介質為液壓油，則可利用其防腐效果。 If the working pressure medium is hydraulic oil, its anti-corrosion effect can be used.

本發明之其他有利實施例描述於從屬申請專利範圍中。 Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the scope of dependent patent applications.

若頻率轉換器具有殼體，則可進而達成防塵及/或防濺及/或增加防護等級。因此，可達成至少IP54之防護等級。 If the frequency converter has a casing, it can further achieve dust and/or splash resistance and/or increase the protection level. Therefore, the protection level of at least IP54 can be achieved.

此外，頻率轉換器不必容納在櫃中(特別在用殼體改進之情況下)，但可與根據本發明之驅動單元或根據本發明之總成空間地相關聯。因此，可形成更模組化、更緊密的驅動單元或模組化緊密總成。此外，頻率轉換器將其廢熱排至機櫃中、機櫃繼而不得不以高成本冷卻的情形得到避免。 In addition, the frequency converter does not have to be contained in the cabinet (especially in the case of improvement with a housing), but may be spatially associated with the drive unit according to the invention or the assembly according to the invention. Therefore, a more modular and compact drive unit or modular compact assembly can be formed. In addition, the situation where the frequency converter discharges its waste heat into the cabinet, and the cabinet then has to be cooled at a high cost is avoided.

較佳地，頻率轉換器之具有最大熱量產生之節段，例如電力電子器件或具有隔離閘極電極(IGBT)之雙級電晶體及/或整流器，安置於直接鄰近冷卻體之位置處。 Preferably, the section of the frequency converter with the greatest heat generation, such as a power electronic device or a two-stage transistor with an isolated gate electrode (IGBT) and/or a rectifier, is placed directly adjacent to the cooling body.

在較佳實施例中，冷卻體可為冷卻板或冷板。該冷卻體可成圓形板之形式，其在槽及殼體亦為圓柱狀的情況下可使緊密總成形成。 In a preferred embodiment, the cooling body can be a cooling plate or a cold plate. The cooling body can be in the form of a circular plate, which can form a compact assembly when the groove and the shell are also cylindrical.

為帶走為冷卻體所吸收之熱量，根據第一改進，可另外提供內部冷卻水通道。 In order to take away the heat absorbed by the cooling body, according to the first improvement, an internal cooling water channel can be additionally provided.

為將為冷卻體所吸收之熱量輸出至環境空氣，根據第二改進，可提供其他薄片及至少一個風扇或通風機。由電馬達產生之熱量亦可藉助於其他薄片輸出至環境空氣。 In order to output the heat absorbed by the cooling body to the ambient air, according to the second improvement, other sheets and at least one fan or ventilator can be provided. The heat generated by the electric motor can also be output to the ambient air through other sheets.

較佳地，頻率轉換器導熱地附接至冷卻體之一區域(例如藉由提供在其間之熱膠)，其中用於工作壓力介質之通道亦經引入冷卻體中。 通道與頻率轉換器或IGBT及/或整流器之間的壁厚度應為最小的。 Preferably, the frequency converter is thermally attached to an area of the cooling body (for example by providing hot glue therebetween), in which the passage for the working pressure medium is also introduced into the cooling body. The wall thickness between the channel and the frequency converter or IGBT and/or rectifier should be minimal.

在根據本發明之第一特別較佳版本的驅動單元的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道形成迴路之返回線路之至少一節段，其中載荷藉助於該至少一節段可藉由泵供應。在根據本發明之對應特別較佳的第一版本的總成的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道自總成之在低壓側上之載荷埠至總成之槽形成返回線路之至少一節段。 In the case of the drive unit according to the first particularly preferred version of the invention, the passage for the working pressure medium forms at least a section of the return line of the circuit, wherein the load can be supplied by the pump by means of the at least section. In the case of the assembly according to the invention corresponding to the particularly preferred first version, the passage for the working pressure medium forms at least one section of the return line from the load port on the low pressure side of the assembly to the groove of the assembly .

在根據本發明之較佳的第二版本的驅動單元的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道形成吸入線路之安置於泵上游之至少一節段。在根據本發明之對應較佳的第二版本的總成的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道形成吸入線路之安置於泵上游將槽連接至泵之至少一節段。 In the case of the preferred second version of the drive unit according to the present invention, the passage for the working pressure medium forms at least a section of the suction line arranged upstream of the pump. In the case of the correspondingly preferred second version assembly according to the present invention, the passage for the working pressure medium forms a suction line which is arranged upstream of the pump and connects the tank to at least one section of the pump.

在根據本發明之較佳的第三版本的驅動單元的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道形成供應線路或壓力線路之安置於泵下游之至少一節段。在根據本發明之對應較佳的第三版本的總成的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道形成供應線路或壓力線路之安置於泵下游之至少一節段，該至少一節段將泵連接至高壓側上之載荷埠。 In the case of the preferred third version of the drive unit according to the present invention, the passage for the working pressure medium forms at least a section of the supply line or the pressure line arranged downstream of the pump. In the case of the assembly according to the preferred third version of the present invention, the passage for the working pressure medium forms at least a section of the supply line or the pressure line arranged downstream of the pump, and the at least section connects the pump to Load port on the high pressure side.

在根據本發明之較佳的第四版本的總成的情況下，用於工作壓力介質之通道形成額外的冷卻迴路線路或旁通之至少一節段，該至少一節段在輸入及輸出側上連接至槽。 In the case of the assembly according to the preferred fourth version of the present invention, the passage for the working pressure medium forms an additional cooling circuit line or at least a section of bypass, which is connected on the input and output sides To slot.

在此情況下，冷卻迴路線路或旁通可包含冷卻泵及/或過濾器及/或油冷卻器。油冷卻器可為油氣熱交換器。 In this case, the cooling circuit line or bypass may include a cooling pump and/or a filter and/or an oil cooler. The oil cooler can be an oil-air heat exchanger.

在特別較佳地改進的情況下，該總成為緊密總成，其中頻率轉換器附接至冷卻板之第一側(頂部)，而電馬達之冷卻板附接至第二側(底 部)。 In the case of a particularly preferable improvement, the assembly becomes a compact assembly in which the frequency converter is attached to the first side (top) of the cooling plate, and the cooling plate of the electric motor is attached to the second side (bottom) unit).

若用於頻率轉換器之殼體安置於第一側上，則可進而達成防塵及/或防濺及/或增加防護等級。此外，殼體可經設計以使得風扇之空氣在薄片包上傳遞，且空氣之側向逸出得以預防。 If the housing for the frequency converter is arranged on the first side, it can further achieve dust and/or splash resistance and/or increase the protection level. In addition, the casing can be designed so that the air from the fan is transmitted on the sheet package, and the lateral escape of the air can be prevented.

在此情況下，泵亦安置於第二側(底部)之區域中，較佳地在電馬達之背向冷卻板之側上。 In this case, the pump is also arranged in the area of the second side (bottom), preferably on the side of the electric motor facing away from the cooling plate.

在此情況下，槽亦安置於第二側(底部)之區域中。 In this case, the groove is also arranged in the area of the second side (bottom).

在緊密總成之特別較佳實施例的情況下，槽完全封閉電馬達及/或泵。 In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment of the compact assembly, the slot completely encloses the electric motor and/or pump.

槽較佳地具有形成為一件式之環形基底，其中壁部藉由冷卻板閉合。 The trough preferably has an annular base formed in one piece, in which the wall is closed by a cooling plate.

為冷卻根據本發明已吸收頻率轉換器之廢熱的工作壓力介質，特別較佳之情形為，薄片安置於槽中，該等薄片藉助於熱管導熱地連接至冷卻板。此舉允許壓力介質在入口上流入槽中，且將熱量、特別為之前為頻率轉換器所吸收之熱量排出。 In order to cool the working pressure medium that has absorbed the waste heat of the frequency converter according to the present invention, it is particularly preferred that the thin sheets are arranged in the grooves, and the thin sheets are thermally connected to the cooling plate by means of heat pipes. This allows the pressure medium to flow into the tank at the inlet and discharge the heat, especially the heat previously absorbed by the frequency converter.

出於設計及製造原因之較佳情形為，緊密總成之冷卻板、電馬達、泵及槽與彼此同心。 The preferred situation for design and manufacturing reasons is that the cooling plate, electric motor, pump and tank of the compact assembly are concentric with each other.

總成可包含頻率調整。在此情況下，供應線路或壓力線路中之壓力藉助於壓力感測器量測，且信號藉由用於恆定壓力調整之整合PID調整器經轉送至頻率轉換器。該頻率轉換器現在調整電馬達之電力供應的頻率。取決於供應線路中之藉由液壓系統判定之體積流量，進而達成，供應線路中之壓力得以保持恆定。若載荷需要更多體積流量，例如因為液壓 缸必須極快速移動，則頻率轉換器根據調整電路(壓力感測器、頻率轉換器、馬達、泵)加速電馬達且保持壓力恆定。 The assembly can include frequency adjustment. In this case, the pressure in the supply line or the pressure line is measured by a pressure sensor, and the signal is transferred to the frequency converter by an integrated PID regulator for constant pressure adjustment. The frequency converter now adjusts the frequency of the electric motor's power supply. Depending on the volume flow rate determined by the hydraulic system in the supply line, the pressure in the supply line can be kept constant. If the load requires more volume flow, for example because of hydraulic The cylinder must move extremely fast, then the frequency converter accelerates the electric motor according to the adjustment circuit (pressure sensor, frequency converter, motor, pump) and keeps the pressure constant.

1:泵 1: pump

2:頻率轉換器 2: Frequency converter

4:電力供應 4: power supply

6:電線 6: Wire

8:軸 8: axis

10:吸入線路 10: suction line

12:供應線路 12: Supply line

14:高壓側載荷埠 14: High pressure side load port

16:具有閥之載荷 16: Load with valve

18:低壓側載荷埠 18: Low-voltage side load port

20:返回線路 20: return line

22:通道 22: Channel

24:冷卻板 24: cooling plate

26:殼體 26: shell

28:電力電子器件 28: Power Electronics

30:壓力感測器 30: Pressure sensor

31:冷卻迴路 31: Cooling circuit

32:驅動單元 32: drive unit

34:熱交換器 34: Heat exchanger

36:過濾器 36: filter

38:返回過濾器 38: return to filter

40:阻尼元件 40: Damping element

42:基底 42: Base

44:薄片包 44: flake pack

46:熱管 46: heat pipe

48:其他薄片包 48: other flake packs

50:其他薄片包 50: other flake packs

M:電馬達 M: electric motor

T:槽 T: Slot

包含根據本發明之驅動單元的根據本發明之總成之若干示範性實施例示於各圖中。利用該等圖式，現將具體描述該本發明。在各圖中：圖1在迴路圖中展示根據第一示範性實施例的根據本發明之總成，圖2在迴路圖中展示根據第二示範性實施例的根據本發明之總成，圖3在迴路圖中展示根據第三示範性實施例之根據本發明之總成，圖4在迴路圖中展示根據第四示範性實施例之根據本發明之總成，以及圖5在透視截面圖中展示圖1之總成。 Several exemplary embodiments of the assembly according to the present invention including the driving unit according to the present invention are shown in each figure. Using these drawings, the present invention will now be described in detail. In the figures: FIG. 1 shows the assembly according to the present invention according to the first exemplary embodiment in the circuit diagram, and FIG. 2 shows the assembly according to the present invention according to the second exemplary embodiment in the circuit diagram, and FIG. 3 shows the assembly according to the present invention according to the third exemplary embodiment in the circuit diagram, FIG. 4 shows the assembly according to the present invention according to the fourth exemplary embodiment in the circuit diagram, and FIG. 5 in a perspective cross-sectional view Show the assembly of Figure 1.

圖1展示根據第一示範性實施例的根據本發明之總成之迴路圖。該總成包含具有電馬達M及液壓靜力泵1之驅動單元。驅動單元之電馬達M藉由頻率轉換器2操作。此外，該總成包含槽T以用於壓力介質，例如用於液壓油。 Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of the assembly according to the present invention according to the first exemplary embodiment. The assembly includes a drive unit with an electric motor M and a hydrostatic pump 1. The electric motor M of the driving unit is operated by the frequency converter 2. In addition, the assembly contains grooves T for pressure media, such as hydraulic oil.

頻率轉換器2連接在電力供應4與電線6之間，以便電馬達M藉助於具有頻率且因此以及轉速調整之電線6得到供應。泵1進而藉由具有以軸8具有可變轉速之電馬達M驅動。在此期間，泵1藉助於吸入線路10自槽T吸入壓力介質，且藉助於供應線路12將該壓力介質傳送至總成之在高壓側上之載荷埠14。可例如為缸之載荷藉助於閥連接至該載荷埠 14。載荷與閥一起僅象徵性地繪出且由參考符號16表示。 The frequency converter 2 is connected between the power supply 4 and the electric wire 6 so that the electric motor M is supplied by means of the electric wire 6 which has a frequency and therefore the rotation speed is adjusted. The pump 1 is further driven by an electric motor M with a variable speed of the shaft 8. During this period, the pump 1 sucks pressure medium from the tank T by means of the suction line 10, and transfers the pressure medium to the load port 14 on the high pressure side of the assembly by means of the supply line 12. For example, the load of the cylinder is connected to the load port by means of a valve 14. The load is drawn only symbolically together with the valve and is denoted by the reference symbol 16.

壓力介質藉助於低壓載荷埠18自載荷16返流至總成中。更精確而言，壓力介質藉助於返回線路20自載荷埠18流至槽T。 The pressure medium flows back from the load 16 to the assembly by means of the low pressure load port 18. More precisely, the pressure medium flows from the load port 18 to the tank T by means of the return line 20.

根據本發明，返回線路20藉由形成於冷卻板24內部內之通道22完全地或分段地形成。頻率轉換器4螺栓連接至冷卻板24，以便在此種情況下，頻率轉換器4之具有帶有隔離閘極電極(IGBT)之雙級電晶體的電力電子器件28位於最接近冷卻板24且特別為通道22之附近。在根據圖1之第一示範性實施例的情況下，頻率轉換器2且特別為其電力電子器件28藉由自載荷16返流之工作壓力介質冷卻。 According to the present invention, the return line 20 is formed completely or in sections by the channel 22 formed in the interior of the cooling plate 24. The frequency converter 4 is bolted to the cooling plate 24, so that in this case, the power electronic device 28 of the frequency converter 4 having a dual-stage transistor with an isolated gate electrode (IGBT) is located closest to the cooling plate 24 and Especially near the channel 22. In the case of the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the frequency converter 2 and in particular its power electronics 28 are cooled by the working pressure medium flowing back from the load 16.

頻率轉換器2及其電力電子器件28具有殼體26，殼體26以大體上密封方式連接至冷卻板24，以便達成防護等級IP54。 The frequency converter 2 and its power electronic device 28 have a housing 26 which is connected to the cooling plate 24 in a substantially sealed manner, so as to achieve the protection level IP54.

在根據圖1之第一示範性實施例的情況下，發生恆定壓力調整。為達此目的，將壓力感測器30提供在供應線路12上，供應線路12之信號藉助於信號線路傳輸至頻率轉換器2。該頻率轉換器2取決於壓力信號調整用於電線6及用於電馬達M之頻率。 In the case of the first exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1, a constant pressure adjustment occurs. For this purpose, the pressure sensor 30 is provided on the supply line 12, and the signal of the supply line 12 is transmitted to the frequency converter 2 via the signal line. The frequency converter 2 adjusts the frequency for the wire 6 and for the electric motor M depending on the pressure signal.

圖2展示根據第二示範性實施例之根據本發明之總成之迴路圖。在此情況下，與根據圖1之第一示範性實施例的決定性差異在於，形成於冷卻板24中之通道22形成供應線路12或供應線路12之一節段。因此，頻率轉換器2，且特別為其電力電子器件28，藉由壓力介質冷卻，其中該壓力介質自泵1傳送至高壓側上之載荷埠14，且進而藉助於閥傳送至載荷(一般為參考符號16)。 Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of the assembly according to the present invention according to a second exemplary embodiment. In this case, the decisive difference from the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 is that the channel 22 formed in the cooling plate 24 forms the supply line 12 or a section of the supply line 12. Therefore, the frequency converter 2, and in particular its power electronics 28, is cooled by a pressure medium, which is transferred from the pump 1 to the load port 14 on the high pressure side, and then transferred to the load (generally Reference symbol 16).

圖3展示根據本發明之總成的第三示範性實施例之迴路 圖。在此情況下，與前兩個示範性實施例之決定性差異在於，形成於冷卻板24中之通道22形成吸入線路10或吸入線路10之將槽T連接至泵1之輸入的節段。頻率轉換器2，且特別為其電力電子器件28，進而藉由自槽T至泵1流動的壓力介質冷卻。 Figure 3 shows the circuit of the third exemplary embodiment of the assembly according to the present invention Figure. In this case, the decisive difference from the first two exemplary embodiments is that the channel 22 formed in the cooling plate 24 forms the suction line 10 or the section of the suction line 10 connecting the tank T to the input of the pump 1. The frequency converter 2 and especially its power electronics 28 are further cooled by the pressure medium flowing from the tank T to the pump 1.

然而在根據圖1至3之前三個示範性實施例的情況下(其中在每一情況中，頻率轉換器2藉由直接流入根據本發明之總成之工作迴路中之壓力介質冷卻)，根據圖4之第四示範性實施例展示在原則上與該前三個示範性實施例不同之解決方案。更精確而言，提供特殊冷卻迴路30，其具有用於自身之特殊驅動單元，該驅動單元仍由電馬達及泵組成。驅動單元32之泵直接自槽T吸入用於冷卻頻率轉換器2及其電力電子器件28之壓力介質，且將該壓力介質直接傳送返回槽T中。在此期間，壓力介質自驅動單元32之泵首先流過熱交換器34，然後流過過濾器36，且最終流過冷卻板24之通道22，其中頻率轉換器2且特別為其電力電子器件28附接至該通道22。 However, in the case of the previous three exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 (wherein in each case, the frequency converter 2 is cooled by the pressure medium directly flowing into the working circuit of the assembly according to the invention), according to The fourth exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 shows a solution that differs in principle from the first three exemplary embodiments. More precisely, a special cooling circuit 30 is provided, which has a special drive unit for itself, which still consists of an electric motor and a pump. The pump of the driving unit 32 directly sucks the pressure medium for cooling the frequency converter 2 and the power electronic device 28 from the tank T, and transfers the pressure medium directly back into the tank T. During this period, the pressure medium from the pump of the drive unit 32 first flows through the heat exchanger 34, then through the filter 36, and finally through the channel 22 of the cooling plate 24, where the frequency converter 2 and in particular its power electronics 28 Attached to the channel 22.

圖5在透視截面圖示中展示圖1之緊密總成之結構性實施例。該實施例具有大致半圓柱狀外圓周，其中圓盤形冷卻板24提供在中間區域中。具有電力電子器件28之頻率轉換器2附接至冷卻板24之第一側(在圖5中為頂部)。通道22在冷卻板24內部中沿頻率轉換器2之長側自低壓載荷埠18延伸至回流過濾器，該通道22藉由該長側與冷卻板24接觸，且在傳遞返回的壓力介質流時吸收頻率轉換器2且特別為其電力電子器件28之廢熱。 Fig. 5 shows a structural embodiment of the compact assembly of Fig. 1 in a perspective sectional view. This embodiment has a substantially semi-cylindrical outer circumference in which a disc-shaped cooling plate 24 is provided in the middle area. The frequency converter 2 with power electronics 28 is attached to the first side of the cooling plate 24 (top in FIG. 5). The passage 22 extends from the low-pressure load port 18 to the return filter along the long side of the frequency converter 2 in the inside of the cooling plate 24. The passage 22 is in contact with the cooling plate 24 through the long side and transmits the return pressure medium flow. Absorb the waste heat of the frequency converter 2 and in particular its power electronics 28.

電馬達M及馬達之背向阻尼元件40之側上的泵1藉助於阻 尼元件40同心地安置於冷卻板24之第二側(在圖5中為底部)上。由電馬達M及泵1組成之驅動單元藉由槽T同心地在外周邊上封閉，槽T亦附接至冷卻板24之第二側(在圖5中為底部)。在此情況下，冷卻板24閉合槽T之一個端面，而槽T之另一端面藉由具有兩個半圓柱狀壁部之一件式圓盤形基底42閉合。 The electric motor M and the pump 1 on the side of the motor facing away from the damping element 40 by means of resistance The Ni element 40 is concentrically arranged on the second side (bottom in FIG. 5) of the cooling plate 24. The drive unit composed of the electric motor M and the pump 1 is concentrically closed on the outer periphery by a slot T, which is also attached to the second side of the cooling plate 24 (the bottom in FIG. 5). In this case, the cooling plate 24 closes one end surface of the groove T, and the other end surface of the groove T is closed by a one-piece disc-shaped base 42 having two semi-cylindrical walls.

兩個互相相對之薄片包44提供在槽T內部中，該兩個薄片包44中僅有一個薄片包44示於圖5中。每一薄片包44由若干大致半圓的個別薄片組成。每一薄片包44之薄片藉助於複數個熱管46導熱地連接至提供在冷卻板24之第一側(在圖5上為頂部)上之其他薄片包48。 Two wafer packs 44 facing each other are provided in the interior of the slot T, and only one of the two wafer packs 44 is shown in FIG. 5. Each sheet pack 44 is composed of a number of individual sheets that are approximately semicircular. The sheets of each sheet pack 44 are thermally connected to other sheet packs 48 provided on the first side (top in FIG. 5) of the cooling plate 24 by means of a plurality of heat pipes 46.

自低壓載荷埠18返流之壓力介質流過冷卻板24之通道22，且在此情況下吸收頻率轉換器2且特別為其電力電子器件28之廢熱。然後，壓力介質在重力之下朝向槽T之基底42在兩個薄片包44上流動，且在此種情況下將熱量轉移至兩個薄片包44。熱量藉助於熱管46自兩個薄片包44傳遞至冷卻板24頂部上去往其他薄片包48，該等薄片包48將熱量排至環境空氣。 The pressure medium returning from the low-pressure load port 18 flows through the channel 22 of the cooling plate 24 and in this case absorbs the waste heat of the frequency converter 2 and in particular its power electronics 28. Then, the pressure medium flows under the gravity toward the base 42 of the groove T on the two foil packs 44, and in this case transfers heat to the two foil packs 44. The heat is transferred from the two foil packs 44 to the top of the cooling plate 24 via the heat pipe 46 to the other foil packs 48, and the foil packs 48 discharge the heat to the ambient air.

驅動單元安置於緊密總成之中心。該驅動單元藉由含有壓力介質之槽T封閉。槽T之蓋經實施為冷卻板24。冷卻板24由例如鋁之高熱導率材料製成。 The drive unit is placed in the center of the compact assembly. The drive unit is closed by a tank T containing a pressure medium. The cover of the tank T is implemented as a cooling plate 24. The cooling plate 24 is made of a high thermal conductivity material such as aluminum.

頻率轉換器2安裝於冷卻板24上。因為在此使用之頻率轉換器2僅具有防護等級IP22，所以該頻率轉換器2藉由殼體26封閉。該殼體使用於頻率轉換器之防護等級增大至>IP54。 The frequency converter 2 is installed on the cooling plate 24. Because the frequency converter 2 used here only has an protection level of IP22, the frequency converter 2 is enclosed by a casing 26. The protection level of the shell used in the frequency converter is increased to >IP54.

返流之壓力介質在此藉助於熱管冷卻而得以冷卻。熱管冷卻 由薄片包44組成，薄片包44穿過槽T且吸收壓力介質之熱能量。熱管46較佳地實施為熱虹吸管，且克服重力將熱能量傳送至將熱量排至環境空氣之其他薄片包48。為了增加自其他薄片包48至環境空氣之熱轉移，另外地安裝風扇(未展示)。 The pressure medium flowing back is cooled by means of heat pipe cooling. Heat pipe cooling It is composed of a sheet pack 44, which passes through the slot T and absorbs the heat energy of the pressure medium. The heat pipe 46 is preferably implemented as a thermosyphon, and transfers heat energy against gravity to the other sheet packs 48 that discharge the heat to the ambient air. In order to increase the heat transfer from the other sheet packs 48 to the ambient air, a fan (not shown) is additionally installed.

儘管冷卻板24由例如鋁之高熱導率材料組成，但用於頻率轉換器2之熱阻力(自IGBT經由冷卻板24至熱管且最終至外部的其他薄片包48之熱阻力)可能太大。因此，返回壓力介質係用來吸收頻率轉換器2之熱能量且將該熱能量帶走。返回的壓力介質在頻率轉換器2底部處流動(在圖5中自右側)至通道22中，流過冷卻板24，且流入回流過濾器38中，其中回流過濾器38整合在冷卻板24內。不一定必須安裝回流過濾器38；壓力介質可在流過冷卻板24之後自上方直接傳遞進入槽T中。 Although the cooling plate 24 is composed of a high thermal conductivity material such as aluminum, the thermal resistance for the frequency converter 2 (the thermal resistance from the IGBT through the cooling plate 24 to the heat pipe and finally to other sheet packs 48 outside) may be too large. Therefore, the return pressure medium is used to absorb the thermal energy of the frequency converter 2 and take the thermal energy away. The returned pressure medium flows at the bottom of the frequency converter 2 (from the right in FIG. 5) into the channel 22, flows through the cooling plate 24, and flows into the return filter 38, wherein the return filter 38 is integrated in the cooling plate 24 . It is not necessary to install the return filter 38; the pressure medium can be passed directly into the tank T from above after flowing through the cooling plate 24.

電馬達M亦藉助於熱管冷卻而得以冷卻。在重力方向上之鏜孔整合在馬達殼體中，其中熱管(未展示)藉由優良熱導率、例如藉由熱膠***該馬達殼體中。熱管將電馬達M之熱能量傳送至其他薄片包50，其中熱量經排至環境空氣。 The electric motor M is also cooled by means of heat pipe cooling. The boring in the direction of gravity is integrated in the motor housing, in which a heat pipe (not shown) is inserted into the motor housing with excellent thermal conductivity, such as by hot glue. The heat pipe transmits the heat energy of the electric motor M to the other sheet packs 50, where the heat is discharged to the ambient air.

用於返回的壓力介質之通道22較佳地為極近於頻率轉換器2之電力電子器件28(IGBT)。熱阻力進而進一步得以減小，且冷卻能力增加，或頻率轉換器2之過熱得到預防。 The passage 22 for the returning pressure medium is preferably a power electronic device 28 (IGBT) very close to the frequency converter 2. The thermal resistance is further reduced, and the cooling capacity is increased, or overheating of the frequency converter 2 is prevented.

揭示一種具有用於驅動液壓靜力泵之電馬達之冷卻的頻率轉換器。該冷卻藉助於由泵傳送之工作壓力介質實施。在此情況下，冷卻通道可形成液壓迴路之由泵供應之節段，或工作壓力介質取自槽且經傳送至額外冷卻迴路線路。 A frequency converter with cooling for an electric motor driving a hydrostatic pump is disclosed. This cooling is carried out by means of a working pressure medium delivered by a pump. In this case, the cooling channel can form a pump-supplied section of the hydraulic circuit, or the working pressure medium can be taken from a tank and sent to an additional cooling circuit line.

Claims (16)

一種具有一電馬達(M)之驅動單元，該電馬達(M)耦接至一液壓靜力泵(1)以驅動該泵，其中該電馬達(M)電連接至一頻率轉換器(2)，該頻率轉換器(2)藉助於一冷卻體冷卻，該冷卻體藉由一冷卻液冷卻，特徵在於，該冷卻液為該泵(1)之一工作壓力介質。 A drive unit with an electric motor (M) coupled to a hydrostatic pump (1) to drive the pump, wherein the electric motor (M) is electrically connected to a frequency converter (2) ), the frequency converter (2) is cooled by a cooling body, and the cooling body is cooled by a cooling liquid, characterized in that the cooling liquid is a working pressure medium of the pump (1). 如申請專利範圍第1項之驅動單元，其中該頻率轉換器(2)具有一殼體(26)。 Such as the driving unit of the first item in the scope of patent application, wherein the frequency converter (2) has a housing (26). 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之驅動單元，其中該冷卻體為一冷卻板(24)。 For example, the driving unit of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cooling body is a cooling plate (24). 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之驅動單元，其中該冷卻體包含一內部冷卻水通道。 For example, the driving unit of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cooling body includes an internal cooling water channel. 如申請專利範圍項第1或2項之驅動單元，其中其他薄片包(48、50)之薄片及至少一個風扇安置於該冷卻體上。 For example, the driving unit of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the sheets of other sheet packages (48, 50) and at least one fan are arranged on the cooling body. 如申請專利範圍項第1或2項之驅動單元，其中用於該工作壓力介質之一通道(22)提供在該冷卻體中，該通道(22)形成一返回線路(20)。 For example, in the driving unit of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, a channel (22) for the working pressure medium is provided in the cooling body, and the channel (22) forms a return line (20). 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之驅動單元，其中用於該工作壓力介質之一通道(22)提供在該冷卻體中，該通道(22)形成用於該泵(1)之一吸入線路(10)。 For example, the driving unit of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein a channel (22) for the working pressure medium is provided in the cooling body, and the channel (22) forms a suction line for the pump (1) (10). 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之驅動單元，其中用於該工作壓力介質之一通道(22)提供在該冷卻體中，該通道(22)形成安置於該泵(1)下游之一供應線路(12)。 For example, the driving unit of item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein a channel (22) for the working pressure medium is provided in the cooling body, and the channel (22) is formed to be arranged downstream of the pump (1) for supply Line (12). 一種具有如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之驅動單元的總成， 其中用於該工作壓力介質之一通道(22)提供在該冷卻體中，該通道(22)形成一冷卻迴路(31)之一線路，該線路在輸入及輸出側上連接至一槽(T)。 An assembly with a drive unit as in any one of items 1 to 5 in the scope of the patent application, Wherein a channel (22) for the working pressure medium is provided in the cooling body, the channel (22) forms a line of a cooling circuit (31), and the line is connected to a tank (T ). 如申請專利範圍第9項之總成，其中該冷卻迴路(31)包含一冷卻泵及/或一熱交換器(34)及/或一過濾器(36)。 For example, the assembly of item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cooling circuit (31) includes a cooling pump and/or a heat exchanger (34) and/or a filter (36). 一種具有如申請專利範圍第3項之驅動單元的總成，該總成為一緊密總成，其中該頻率轉換器(2)附接至該冷卻板(24)之一第一側，且其中該電馬達(M)附接至該冷卻板(24)之一第二側。 An assembly having a drive unit as claimed in the scope of the patent application, which becomes a compact assembly, wherein the frequency converter (2) is attached to a first side of the cooling plate (24), and wherein the An electric motor (M) is attached to a second side of the cooling plate (24). 如申請專利範圍第11項之總成，其中該冷卻板(24)藉助於該工作壓力介質冷卻，該工作壓力介質藉助於一返回過濾器(38)返流回到一槽(T)中。 Such as the assembly of item 11 in the scope of patent application, wherein the cooling plate (24) is cooled by the working pressure medium, and the working pressure medium flows back into a tank (T) by means of a return filter (38). 如申請專利範圍第11或12項之總成，其中該泵(1)安置於該第二側上。 For example, the assembly of item 11 or 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pump (1) is arranged on the second side. 如申請專利範圍第11或12項之總成，其中一槽(T)安置於該第二側上。 Such as the assembly of item 11 or 12 of the scope of patent application, one of the grooves (T) is arranged on the second side. 如申請專利範圍第14項之總成，其中該槽(T)完全封閉該電馬達(M)及/或該泵(1)。 Such as the assembly of item 14 in the scope of patent application, in which the slot (T) completely encloses the electric motor (M) and/or the pump (1). 如申請專利範圍第14項之總成，其中薄片包(44)之薄片安置於該槽(T)中，該薄片包(44)之該等薄片藉助於熱管(46)導熱地連接至該冷卻板或至其他薄片包(48)之薄片。 For example, the assembly of item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the slices of the slice package (44) are placed in the groove (T), and the slices of the slice package (44) are thermally connected to the cooling by means of a heat pipe (46) Plate or to other sheet packs (48) sheets.
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