TWI719750B - Forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings - Google Patents

Forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings Download PDF

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TWI719750B
TWI719750B TW108145162A TW108145162A TWI719750B TW I719750 B TWI719750 B TW I719750B TW 108145162 A TW108145162 A TW 108145162A TW 108145162 A TW108145162 A TW 108145162A TW I719750 B TWI719750 B TW I719750B
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forging
aluminum alloy
blank material
forming
axis
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TW202122172A (en
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林坤賜
林以祥
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金允成企業股份有限公司
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一種鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，是先製備一採用鋁合金材質製成的原材料，以及一鍛抽設備，再對該原材料進行加工並形成一胚材，使該胚材具有一定的尺寸精度及表面粗糙度，接著使該胚材依序進行均質退火、檢測洛氏硬度、浸漬潤滑液等程序後，再進行鍛抽作業且製得一呈中空管狀的成品，該成品的一延伸長度大於一原始長度。利用上述製程所製得的成品具有尺寸精密、均質度佳的特性，且可延長鍛抽設備的使用壽命。A method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings is to prepare a raw material made of aluminum alloy material and a forging and drawing equipment, and then process the raw material to form a blank material, so that the blank material has a certain dimensional accuracy and Surface roughness, then homogenizing annealing, testing Rockwell hardness, dipping lubricating fluid and other procedures of the blank material in sequence, and then forging and pumping to obtain a hollow tubular finished product with an extension length greater than one Original length. The finished product made by the above process has the characteristics of precise size and good homogeneity, and can extend the service life of the forging equipment.

Description

鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法Forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings

本發明是有關於一種鋁合金管件冷作成型方法，特別是指一種鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法。 The invention relates to a cold forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings, in particular to a forging and drawing forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings.

台灣公告編號第564857號專利案公開了一種自行車的豎管與前叉的套合結構，一把手穿設於該豎管的一端，該豎管的令一端又插固於一前叉管。 Taiwan Publication No. 564857 discloses a fitting structure of a vertical tube and a front fork of a bicycle. A handle passes through one end of the vertical tube, and one end of the vertical tube is inserted into a front fork tube.

這種豎管因應造型需求以及考慮結構強度，一般是採用熱鍛方式製成。 This kind of vertical pipe is generally made by hot forging in response to modeling requirements and considering structural strength.

：熱鍛就如其名，材料必須先經過加熱爐加熱至再結晶溫度以上，未達到變態點之溫度範圍內，再進行塑形的一種製程技術。這樣的製程技術，除了必須要有能承受高溫的熱鍛設備、取料設備外，熱鍛加工的模具耗損大，熱鍛作業的能源耗損多，整體而言會導致成本高。： : Hot forging, as its name suggests, is a process technology in which the material must first be heated to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature in a heating furnace, and within the temperature range below the metamorphic point, before being shaped. In addition to hot forging equipment and reclaiming equipment that can withstand high temperatures, such a process technology requires a large amount of mold loss for hot forging processing, and a lot of energy consumption for hot forging operations, which will lead to high costs as a whole. :

因此，本發明的目的，即在提供一種利用冷作成型且可 降低成本的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法。 Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold forming method that can be A cost-reducing method for forging and drawing aluminum alloy pipe fittings.

於是，本發明鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，包含下列步驟：(A)製備一製備一呈中空柱狀的原材料，以及一鍛抽設備，該原材料採用鋁合金材質製成，該鍛抽設備包括一鍛抽模，以及一對應於該鍛抽模的鍛抽頭。(B)該原材料進行加工並形成一胚材，該胚材沿一軸線延伸，並具有一相交於該軸線的第一端面、一沿該軸線相反於該第一端面的第二端面，以及一連接於該第一端面與該第二端面之間的外周面，該第一端面與該第二端面之間形成一原始長度，該外周面構成一原始外徑，該第一端面、該第二端面與該外周面的粗糙度控制在Ra0.4μm以下，該原始外徑以及該原始長度的尺寸公差在±0.01mm以下。(C)該胚材進行均質退火：先將該胚材加熱至510℃~410℃，之後隨爐冷卻，以每小時爐內溫度下降10℃，冷卻至200℃~160℃時出爐。(D)檢測該胚材的洛氏硬度標尺HRF的硬度值為60±5度。(E)將該胚材浸漬於一潤滑液槽中，該潤滑液槽中盛放的潤滑液黏度指數170以上，閃點240℃以上，流動點-24℃以上，燃點255℃以上，浸漬預定時間。(F)進行鍛抽作業：將已浸漬過潤滑液的胚材放置於該鍛抽設備的鍛抽模中，且操作該鍛抽頭相對於該鍛抽模趨近，該胚材受該鍛抽頭與該鍛抽模的鍛抽作用而形成一成品，該成品沿該軸線且呈中空管狀，並具有一相交於該軸線的第一側面、一沿該軸線相反於該第一側面的第二側面、一連接於 該第一側面與該第二側面之間的外環面，以及一相反於該外環面且圍繞該軸線而可形成一內孔的內環面，該第一側面與該第二側面之間形成一大於該原始長度的延伸長度。 Therefore, the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention includes the following steps: (A) preparing a hollow cylindrical raw material, and a forging equipment, the raw material is made of aluminum alloy, and the forging equipment includes A forging die, and a forging tap corresponding to the forging die. (B) The raw material is processed to form a blank that extends along an axis and has a first end surface intersecting the axis, a second end surface opposite to the first end surface along the axis, and a An outer peripheral surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface, an original length is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface, the outer peripheral surface constitutes an original outer diameter, the first end surface, the second end surface The roughness of the end surface and the outer peripheral surface is controlled below Ra0.4μm, and the dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter and the original length is below ±0.01mm. (C) Homogeneous annealing of the blank material: first heat the blank material to 510°C~410°C, and then cool it with the furnace, with the furnace temperature dropping by 10°C per hour, and leave the furnace when it is cooled to 200°C~160°C. (D) The hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the blank material is 60±5 degrees. (E) Immerse the blank material in a lubricating fluid tank, the viscosity index of the lubricating fluid contained in the lubricating fluid tank is above 170, flash point above 240℃, pour point above -24℃, ignition point above 255℃, immersion is scheduled time. (F) Perform forging and drawing operations: Place the blank material that has been soaked in lubricating fluid in the forging die of the forging and drawing equipment, and operate the forging tap to approach the forging die, and the blank material is subjected to the forging tap. With the forging and drawing action of the forging die, a finished product is formed. The finished product is hollow and tubular along the axis, and has a first side surface intersecting the axis and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface along the axis , One connected to An outer ring surface between the first side surface and the second side surface, and an inner ring surface opposite to the outer ring surface and surrounding the axis to form an inner hole, between the first side surface and the second side surface An extension length greater than the original length is formed.

本發明之功效在於：本發明利用連續步驟，可以利用冷鍛作業製得該成品，可以節省能源、減少模具耗損，並降低整體製造成本。 The effect of the present invention is that the present invention utilizes continuous steps and can use cold forging operations to prepare the finished product, can save energy, reduce mold consumption, and reduce overall manufacturing costs.

1:原材料 1: raw materials

2:鍛抽設備 2: Forging equipment

10:鍛抽模 10: Forging die

11:頂面 11: Top surface

12:第一模穴 12: The first cavity

20:鍛抽頭 20: Forged tap

3:進階成型設備 3: Advanced molding equipment

30:成型模 30: Forming mold

31:第二模穴 31: The second cavity

40:成型頭 40: Forming head

1’:胚材 1’: Embryo

L:軸線 L: axis

101:第一端面 101: first end face

102:第二端面 102: second end face

103:外周面 103: Outer peripheral surface

104:中心孔 104: Center hole

105:內周面 105: inner peripheral surface

λ:原始長度 λ: original length

D:原始外徑 D: Original outer diameter

d:原始內徑 d: Original inner diameter

100:成品 100: finished product

110:第一側面 110: first side

120:第二側面 120: second side

130:外環面 130: outer ring surface

140:內孔 140: inner hole

150:內環面 150: inner ring surface

λ’:延伸長度 λ’: Extension length

100’:造型成品 100’: Finished modeling

4:圓柱材 4: Cylindrical material

4’:雛胚 4’: young embryo

401’:U形孔 401’: U-shaped hole

5::中空柱材 5:: Hollow column

5’::雛胚 5’:: young embryo

501’:階級孔 501’: Class hole

6:圓柱材 6: Cylindrical material

601’:淺U形孔 601’: Shallow U-shaped hole

601”:深U形孔 601": Deep U-shaped hole

6”:雛胚 6": young embryo

本發明的其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中：圖1是本發明鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法一實施例的一製造流程方塊圖；圖2是該實施例的一原材料與鍛抽設備的平面示意圖；圖3是該實施例的一鍛抽成型示意圖；圖4是該實施例之一進階成型設備的平面示意圖；及圖5是該實施例之一原材料的製成方式。 Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a manufacturing process of an embodiment of the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is the A schematic plan view of a raw material and forging equipment of the embodiment; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a forging forming of the embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of an advanced forming equipment of the embodiment; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment 1. The way the raw materials are made.

本發明鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法之一實施例，包含下列步驟： An embodiment of the forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings of the present invention includes the following steps:

步驟一：參閱圖1與圖2，製備一呈中空柱狀的原材料1、一鍛抽設備2，以及一進階成型設備3(見圖4)，該原材料1採用鋁合 金材質製成(AL6066之鋁鎂矽鋁合金或AL7050之鋁鋅鎂鋁合金)，該鍛抽設備2包括一鍛抽模10，以及一對應於該鍛抽模10的鍛抽頭20。該鍛抽模10具有一頂面11，以及一由該頂面11朝下延伸的第一模穴12，本實施例的第一模穴12呈上寬下窄的階級孔狀，該鍛抽頭20也呈上寬下窄的階級柱狀，該鍛抽頭20的階級部位及轉角處均製成圓弧導角。參圖4，該進階成型設備3包括一成型模30，以及一對應於該成型模30的成型頭40，該成型模30具有一第二模穴31，該成型頭40的階級部位及轉角處均製成圓弧導角。 Step 1: Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, prepare a hollow cylindrical raw material 1, a forging equipment 2, and an advanced molding equipment 3 (see Figure 4), the raw material 1 is made of aluminum alloy Made of gold material (AL6066 aluminum-magnesium-silicon-aluminum alloy or AL7050 aluminum-zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy), the forging equipment 2 includes a forging die 10 and a forging tap 20 corresponding to the forging die 10. The forging die 10 has a top surface 11 and a first die cavity 12 extending downward from the top surface 11. The first die cavity 12 of this embodiment is in the shape of a stepped hole with a wide upper and a narrow bottom. 20 is also in the shape of a step column with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The step parts and corners of the forging tap 20 are all made of arc leading angles. 4, the advanced molding equipment 3 includes a molding die 30, and a molding head 40 corresponding to the molding die 30, the molding die 30 has a second cavity 31, the level position and corner of the molding head 40 The corners are all made of arc.

步驟二：參閱圖1與圖2，該原材料1進行加工並形成一呈中空圓柱狀的胚材1’，該胚材1’沿一軸線L延伸，並具有一垂直相交於該軸線L的第一端面101、一沿該軸線L相反於該第一端面101的第二端面102、一連接於該第一端面101與該第二端面102之間的外周面103，以及一相反於該外周面103且圍繞該軸線L而可形成一中心孔104的內周面105，該第一端面101與該第二端面102之間形成一原始長度λ，該外周面103構成一原始外徑D，該內周面105構成一原始內徑d，該第一端面101、該第二端面102、該內周面105與該外周面103的粗糙度控制在Ra0.4μm以下，該原始內徑d、該原始外徑D以及該原始長度λ的尺寸公差在±0.01mm以下。 Step 2: Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the raw material 1 is processed and formed into a hollow cylindrical blank material 1'. The blank material 1'extends along an axis L and has a first cross perpendicular to the axis L. One end surface 101, a second end surface 102 opposite to the first end surface 101 along the axis L, an outer peripheral surface 103 connected between the first end surface 101 and the second end surface 102, and a second end surface 102 opposite to the outer peripheral surface 103 and around the axis L to form an inner peripheral surface 105 of a central hole 104, an original length λ is formed between the first end surface 101 and the second end surface 102, the outer peripheral surface 103 constitutes an original outer diameter D, the The inner peripheral surface 105 constitutes an original inner diameter d. The roughness of the first end surface 101, the second end surface 102, the inner peripheral surface 105 and the outer peripheral surface 103 is controlled below Ra0.4μm, the original inner diameter d, the The dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter D and the original length λ is below ±0.01mm.

步驟三：該胚材1’進行均質退火：先將該胚材1’加熱至510℃~410℃，之後隨爐冷卻，以每小時爐內溫度下降10℃，冷卻至200℃~160℃時出爐。 Step 3: Homogeneous annealing of the blank material 1': first heat the blank material 1'to 510°C~410°C, and then cool down with the furnace. The temperature in the furnace drops by 10°C per hour, and then it is cooled to 200°C~160°C. Baked.

步驟四：檢測均質退火後的該胚材1’，該胚材1’的洛氏硬度標尺HRF的硬度值必須達到60±5度。檢測該胚材1’時，是沿該軸線L等間距地對該胚材1’的外周面103進行多點檢測，以及沿該軸線L等間距地對該內周面105進行多點檢測。 Step 4: Detect the blank material 1'after homogenization and annealing, and the hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the blank material 1'must reach 60±5 degrees. When detecting the blank material 1', the outer peripheral surface 103 of the blank material 1'is inspected at multiple points at equal intervals along the axis L, and the inner peripheral surface 105 is inspected at multiple points at equal intervals along the axis L.

步驟五：將該胚材1’浸漬於一潤滑液槽(圖未示)中，本實施例的潤滑液槽中盛放的潤滑液為液態油脂，該液態油脂的黏度指數(Viscosity Index，簡稱VI)170以上，閃點(Flash Point)240℃以上，流動點(Pour Point)-24℃以上，燃點(Fire Point)255℃以上，並浸漬預定時間。 Step 5: Immerse the blank material 1'in a lubricating fluid tank (not shown). The lubricating fluid contained in the lubricating fluid tank of this embodiment is liquid grease. The viscosity index (Viscosity Index, abbreviated as VI) 170 or more, flash point (Flash Point) above 240℃, pour point (Pour Point) above -24℃, fire point (Fire Point) above 255℃, and immersed for a predetermined time.

步驟六：配合參圖3，進行鍛抽作業：將已浸漬過潤滑液的胚材1’放置於該鍛抽設備2的鍛抽模10的第一模穴12開口中，且操作該鍛抽頭20相對於該鍛抽模10趨近，該胚材1’受該鍛抽頭20與該鍛抽模10的鍛抽作用而形成一成品100，該成品100沿該軸線L且呈中空管狀，並具有一垂直相交於該軸線L的第一側面110、一沿該軸線L相反於該第一側面110的第二側面120、一連接於該第一側面110與該第二側面120之間的外環面130，以及一相反於該外環面130且圍繞該軸線L而可形成一內孔140的內環面150，該第一側 面110與該第二側面120之間形成一大於該原始長度λ的延伸長度λ’，該內孔140平行於該軸線L的輪廓形狀對應於該鍛抽頭20的輪廓形狀。 Step 6: With reference to Figure 3, perform the forging operation: Place the blank material 1'that has been immersed in lubricating fluid in the opening of the first cavity 12 of the forging die 10 of the forging equipment 2, and operate the forging tap 20 approaches the forging die 10, and the blank material 1'is subjected to the forging and drawing action of the forging tap 20 and the forging die 10 to form a finished product 100, which is hollow and tubular along the axis L, and It has a first side surface 110 perpendicularly intersecting the axis L, a second side surface 120 opposite to the first side surface 110 along the axis L, and an outer surface connected between the first side surface 110 and the second side surface 120 The ring surface 130, and an inner ring surface 150 opposite to the outer ring surface 130 and surrounding the axis L to form an inner hole 140, the first side An extension length λ'greater than the original length λ is formed between the surface 110 and the second side surface 120, and the contour shape of the inner hole 140 parallel to the axis L corresponds to the contour shape of the forging tap 20.

步驟七：如圖3及圖4所示，進階成型作業：將該成品100放置於該進階成型設備3的鍛抽模10的第二模穴31中，且操作該成型頭40相對於該成型模30趨近，該成品100受該成型頭40與該成型模30的成型作用而塑形成一造型成品100’。 Step 7: As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the advanced forming operation: Place the finished product 100 in the second cavity 31 of the forging die 10 of the advanced forming device 3, and operate the forming head 40 relative to The forming mold 30 approaches, and the finished product 100 is molded by the forming action of the forming head 40 and the forming mold 30 to form a finished product 100'.

因此，本發明利用上述步驟一至步驟七的連續步驟，可使該原材料1鍛抽形成該造型成品100’，且該造型成品100’可以避免金屬加熱出現的缺陷，獲得較高的精度和表面質量，並能提高工件的強度和硬度，冷鍛變形抗力大。亦即，利用該步驟二將該原材料1加工形成該胚材1’，則使該胚材1’的各個面的粗糙度控制在Ra0.4μm以下，該原始內徑d、該原始外徑D以及該原始長度λ的尺寸公差在±0.01mm以下，則使得鍛抽後的成品100不需在進行表面的精密加工，該鍛抽設備2與進階成型設備3也較不容易損耗，再利用步驟三之均質退火，可提高該胚材1’的可塑性，以利用後續的鍛抽作業，且使鍛抽後的成品100減少殘餘應力、提高組織和成分的均勻化。且利用步驟五，也能提供該胚材1’進行後續的鍛抽作業產生潤滑效果。 Therefore, the present invention utilizes the continuous steps from step 1 to step 7 above, so that the raw material 1 can be forged and drawn to form the finished product 100', and the finished product 100' can avoid defects caused by metal heating, and obtain higher precision and surface quality. , And can improve the strength and hardness of the workpiece, and the cold forging deformation resistance is large. That is, by using the second step of processing the raw material 1 to form the blank material 1', the roughness of each surface of the blank material 1'is controlled below Ra0.4μm, the original inner diameter d and the original outer diameter D And the dimensional tolerance of the original length λ is below ±0.01mm, so that the finished product 100 after forging and drawing does not need to be precision processed on the surface, and the forging and drawing equipment 2 and the advanced molding equipment 3 are also less prone to wear and tear, and reuse The homogenous annealing in step 3 can improve the plasticity of the blank material 1'to utilize subsequent forging and pumping operations, and reduce the residual stress of the finished product 100 after forging and pumping, and improve the uniformity of the structure and composition. In addition, using step 5 can also provide the blank material 1'for subsequent forging and pumping operations to produce a lubricating effect.

所以，本發明鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，不需要設置高溫的熱鍛設備、取料設備，且利用步驟二的前置加工，除了可精進成品100的精密度外，更可減少模具的耗損、延長該鍛抽設備2與該進階成型設備3的使用壽命，可降低整體的能源耗損低，且可降低製造成本高。 Therefore, the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention does not require high-temperature hot forging equipment and reclaiming equipment, and the pre-processing of step two can not only improve the precision of the finished product 100, but also reduce the wear of the mold. , Extend the service life of the forging and pumping equipment 2 and the advanced forming equipment 3, which can reduce the overall energy consumption and reduce the high manufacturing cost.

值得一提的是，當該成品100已達到預期的使用目的時，可以省略步驟七的進階成型作業，也就是說，步驟七的進階成型作業是因應具有造型需求的造型成品100’才需要進行。 It is worth mentioning that when the finished product 100 has reached the intended use purpose, the advanced molding operation in step 7 can be omitted, that is, the advanced molding operation in step 7 is for the finished product 100' with styling requirements. Need to proceed.

另外，該步驟五的胚材1’浸漬於潤滑液槽中的時間，依胚材1’數量的不同而有所差異，當胚材1’數量為單支時，浸漬時間為4~5分鐘，當胚材1’數量為複數時，浸漬時間為25~35分鐘。 In addition, the immersion time of the blank 1'in the step 5 in the lubricating fluid tank varies according to the number of blank 1'. When the number of blank 1'is single, the immersion time is 4~5 minutes , When the number of blank 1'is plural, the immersion time is 25~35 minutes.

再者，本發明步驟一所製備呈中空柱狀的原材料1，其製成的方式有下列A、B、C等三種(配合參圖5)： Furthermore, the hollow columnar raw material 1 prepared in step 1 of the present invention can be made in the following three ways: A, B, C, etc. (see Fig. 5 in conjunction):

A、取一圓柱材4，並對該圓柱材4進行車削加工，使該圓柱材4的尺寸及表面粗糙度達到預定精度，接著，以一預鍛抽設備(圖未示)進行預鍛抽作業，並製得一具有一呈單向開放的U形孔401’的雛胚4’，對該雛胚4’進行切削，且將該U形孔401’的盲端切除，即可製得呈中空柱狀的原材料1。 A. Take a cylindrical material 4, and turn the cylindrical material 4 to make the size and surface roughness of the cylindrical material 4 reach a predetermined accuracy, and then use a pre-forging extraction equipment (not shown) for pre-forging extraction Work and prepare a young embryo 4'with a U-shaped hole 401' that is unidirectionally open, cut the young embryo 4', and cut off the blind end of the U-shaped hole 401'. Hollow cylindrical raw material 1.

B、取一中空柱材5，並對該中空柱材5進行車削加工，使該中空柱材5的尺寸及表面粗糙度達到預定精度，接著，以一預 鍛抽設備(圖未示)進行預鍛抽作業，並製得一具有一階級孔501’的雛胚5’，對該雛胚5’進行切削，且將該階級孔501’的一小徑段及一大徑段的局部切除，即可製得呈中空柱狀的原材料1。 B. Take a hollow column material 5 and perform turning processing on the hollow column material 5 to make the size and surface roughness of the hollow column material 5 reach a predetermined accuracy, and then use a preliminary The forging and drawing equipment (not shown in the figure) performs the pre-forging and drawing operation, and prepares a young embryo 5'with a level hole 501', cuts the young embryo 5', and a small diameter section of the level hole 501' And the partial excision of a large diameter section, the raw material 1 in the shape of a hollow column can be obtained.

C、取一圓柱材6，並對該圓柱材6進行第一次粗車削加工，接著，以一第一預鍛抽設備(圖未示)進行第一次預鍛抽作業，並製得一具有一呈單向開放的淺U形孔601’的粗胚6’，對該粗胚6’進行第二次細車削加工，使該雛胚6’的尺寸及表面粗糙度達到預定精度(尺寸校準)，再以一第二預鍛抽設備(圖未示)進行第二次預鍛抽作業，並製得一具有一呈單向開放的深U形孔601”的雛胚6”，最後再對該雛胚6”進行切削，且將該深U形孔601”的盲端切除，即可製得呈中空柱狀的原材料1。 C. Take a cylindrical material 6 and perform the first rough turning process on the cylindrical material 6, and then perform the first pre-forging and drawing operation with a first pre-forging and drawing equipment (not shown), and make a A rough embryo 6'with a shallow U-shaped hole 601' opened in one direction, the rough embryo 6'is subjected to a second fine turning process, so that the size and surface roughness of the embryo 6'reach the predetermined accuracy (size calibration ), and then use a second pre-forging and pumping equipment (not shown) to perform the second pre-forging and pumping operation, and prepare a embryo 6" with a deep U-shaped hole 601" open in one direction. The embryonic embryo 6" is cut, and the blind end of the deep U-shaped hole 601" is cut to obtain the raw material 1 in the shape of a hollow column.

綜上所述，本發明鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，整體製程簡單、設備容易，且可有效降低成本、節省能源及提高成品的品質，確實能達成本發明之目的。 In summary, the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention has simple overall manufacturing process and easy equipment, and can effectively reduce costs, save energy and improve the quality of finished products, and can indeed achieve the purpose of cost invention.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明的實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書 內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。 However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any application for patent scope and patent specification according to the present invention Simple equivalent changes and modifications made to the content are still within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (8)

一種鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，包含下列步驟： (A)製備一呈中空柱狀的原材料，以及一鍛抽設備，該原材料採用鋁合金材質製成，該鍛抽設備包括一鍛抽模，以及一對應於該鍛抽模的鍛抽頭； (B) 該原材料進行加工並形成一胚材，該胚材沿一軸線延伸，並具有一相交於該軸線的第一端面、一沿該軸線相反於該第一端面的第二端面，以及一連接於該第一端面與該第二端面之間的外周面，該第一端面與該第二端面之間形成一原始長度，該外周面構成一原始外徑，該第一端面、該第二端面與該外周面的粗糙度控制在Ra0.4μm以下，該原始外徑以及該原始長度的尺寸公差在±0.01㎜以下； (C)該胚材進行均質退火：先將該胚材加熱至510℃~410℃，之後隨爐冷卻，以每小時爐內溫度下降10℃，冷卻至200℃~160℃時出爐； (D)檢測該胚材的洛氏硬度標尺HRF的硬度值為60±5度； (E)將該胚材浸漬於一潤滑液槽中，該潤滑液槽中盛放的潤滑液為液態油脂，該液態油脂的黏度指數170以上，閃點240℃以上，流動點-24℃以上，燃點255℃以上，浸漬預定時間；及 (F)進行鍛抽作業：將已浸漬過潤滑液的胚材放置於該鍛抽設備的鍛抽模中，且操作該鍛抽頭相對於該鍛抽模趨近，該胚材受該鍛抽頭與該鍛抽模的鍛抽作用而形成一成品，該成品沿該軸線且呈中空管狀，並具有一相交於該軸線的第一側面、一沿該軸線相反於該第一側面的第二側面、一連接於該第一側面與該第二側面之間的外環面，以及一相反於該外環面且圍繞該軸線而可形成一內孔的內環面，該第一側面與該第二側面之間形成一大於該原始長度的延伸長度。 A forging and forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings includes the following steps: (A) Prepare a hollow cylindrical raw material, and a forging and drawing equipment. The raw material is made of aluminum alloy. The forging and drawing equipment includes a forging die and a forging tap corresponding to the forging die; (B) The raw material is processed to form a blank that extends along an axis and has a first end surface intersecting the axis, a second end surface opposite to the first end surface along the axis, and a An outer peripheral surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface, an original length is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface, the outer peripheral surface constitutes an original outer diameter, the first end surface, the second end surface The roughness of the end surface and the outer peripheral surface is controlled below Ra0.4μm, and the dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter and the original length is below ±0.01mm; (C) Homogeneous annealing of the blank material: first heat the blank material to 510°C~410°C, then cool it with the furnace, and drop the furnace temperature by 10°C per hour, and leave the furnace when it is cooled to 200°C~160°C; (D) The hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the blank material is 60±5 degrees; (E) Immerse the blank material in a lubricating fluid tank, the lubricating fluid contained in the lubricating fluid tank is liquid grease, the viscosity index of the liquid grease is above 170, the flash point is above 240℃, and the pour point is above -24℃ , The ignition point is above 255℃, and the immersion time is predetermined; and (F) Perform forging and drawing operations: Place the blank material that has been soaked in lubricating fluid in the forging die of the forging and drawing equipment, and operate the forging tap to approach the forging die, and the blank material is subjected to the forging tap. With the forging and drawing action of the forging die, a finished product is formed. The finished product is hollow and tubular along the axis, and has a first side surface intersecting the axis and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface along the axis , An outer ring surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and an inner ring surface opposite to the outer ring surface and surrounding the axis to form an inner hole, the first side surface and the first side surface An extension length greater than the original length is formed between the two side surfaces. 如請求項1所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(D)檢測該胚材時，是沿該軸線等間距地對該胚材的外周面進行多點檢測。The method for forging and forming an aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, wherein, when detecting the blank material in step (D), the outer peripheral surface of the blank material is inspected at multiple points at equal intervals along the axis. 如請求項1所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(B)的胚材呈中空圓柱狀，該胚材還具有一相反於該外周面且圍繞該軸線而可形成一中心孔的內周面。The method for forging and forming an aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, wherein the blank material of the step (B) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the blank material further has a center opposite to the outer peripheral surface and around the axis. The inner circumference of the hole. 如請求項3所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(D)檢測該胚材時，是沿該軸線等間距地對該胚材的外周面進行多點檢測，以及沿該軸線等間距地對該內周面進行多點檢測。The forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 3, wherein, when the step (D) detects the blank material, multi-point detection is performed on the outer peripheral surface of the blank material at equal intervals along the axis, and along the Multi-point detection is performed on the inner peripheral surface at equal intervals on the axis. 如請求項1所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(A) 還製備一進階成型設備，該進階成型設備包括一成型模，以及一對應於該成型模的成型頭，鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法還包含一位於該步驟(F)之後的步驟(G)，該步驟(G)為進階成型作業，且操作該成型頭相對於該成型模趨近，該成品受該成型頭與該成型模的成型作用而塑形成一造型成品。The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the step (A) further prepares an advanced forming equipment, the advanced forming equipment includes a forming die, and a forming head corresponding to the forming die , The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method further includes a step (G) after the step (F), the step (G) is an advanced forming operation, and the forming head is operated to approach the forming die, and the finished product By the forming action of the forming head and the forming mold, a finished product is molded. 如請求項1所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(A)所製備的原材料為AL6066之鋁鎂矽鋁合金。The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material prepared in this step (A) is AL6066 aluminum-magnesium-silicon-aluminum alloy. 如請求項1所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(A)所製備的原材料為AL7050之鋁鋅鎂鋁合金。The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material prepared in this step (A) is AL7050 aluminum-zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy. 如請求項1所述的鋁合金管件鍛抽成型方法，其中，該步驟(E)的胚材浸漬於潤滑液槽中的時間，依胚材數量的不同而有所差異，當胚材數量為單支時，浸漬時間為4~5分鐘，當胚材數量為複數時，浸漬時間為25~35分鐘。The forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the time for the blank material of this step (E) to be immersed in the lubricating fluid tank varies according to the amount of blank material, when the amount of blank material is For a single branch, the immersion time is 4 to 5 minutes, and when the number of blanks is plural, the immersion time is 25 to 35 minutes.
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