CN110947900A - Nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging and forging forming method thereof - Google Patents

Nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging and forging forming method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110947900A
CN110947900A CN201811129393.0A CN201811129393A CN110947900A CN 110947900 A CN110947900 A CN 110947900A CN 201811129393 A CN201811129393 A CN 201811129393A CN 110947900 A CN110947900 A CN 110947900A
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forging
section
cylinder
conical
pipe
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马武江
陈飞
宣禹澄
韩成根
邓春华
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SHANGHAI XINMIN (DONGTAI) HEAVY FORGING CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI XINMIN (DONGTAI) HEAVY FORGING CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/14—Making machine elements fittings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
    • C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/36—Arrangements for sheathing or casing boilers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging, which comprises a forging body and a cylinder, wherein the cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the cone, the cone comprises a cone upper opening section, a cone section and a cone lower opening section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the cylinder comprises a main cylinder section, and the ratio of the height h1 of the cone to the height h2 of the cylinder, i.e., h1/h2, is = 0.60-0.70.

Description

Nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging and forging forming method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large structural member for a nuclear power nuclear island steam generator, in particular to a reducing cylinder integral forging composed of a conical cylinder and a cylindrical cylinder of the steam generator. The invention also relates to a forging forming method of the reducing cylinder integral forging.
Background
The pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant mainly comprises a nuclear island and a conventional island, wherein four major components of the nuclear island of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant are a steam generator, a voltage stabilizer, a main pump and a reactor core. The nuclear island steam generator is the most critical main equipment of the nuclear power station, and has the function of transferring the heat of a heat carrier in a reactor and converting the heat into steam with certain pressure for the steam turbine to work. The steam generator is connected with the reactor pressure vessel, is a part bearing the largest pressure difference, plays a role in sealing and isolating the first loop coolant and the second loop coolant, is also a collecting chamber of the coolant on the loop side before or after the tube bundle, not only directly influences the power and the efficiency of the power station, but also plays a role in blocking radioactive heat-carrying agents during heat exchange, and is of great importance to the safety of the nuclear power station.
The steam generator shell mainly comprises an upper end enclosure, a lower end enclosure and a cylinder body, wherein the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure are respectively positioned at two ends of the cylinder body; the steam generator cylinder body, the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure belong to large thick-wall forgings, and the steam generator cylinder body belongs to ultra-large thick-wall forgings with large volume, large sections and complex curved surfaces. Therefore, the conventional method for manufacturing the steam generator cylinder firstly forges the forging units such as the upper cylinder, the conical cylinder and the lower cylinder, and then welds the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder to the two ends of the conical cylinder respectively to form the steam generator cylinder. The method for splicing and manufacturing the multi-unit cylinder body by welding obviously has a plurality of defects: the structure spliced by welding can not always form a complete metal streamline, and because the nuclear power steam generator is in a severe operation environment with high temperature and high pressure for a long time and bears pressure sudden change formed by alternating load and pipeline eddy, uneven stress distribution and stress concentration are easily caused, and fatigue, creep and damage are easily caused. In order to ensure the quality of the nuclear-grade forge piece, the metal microstructure and the mechanical property of each procedure in the production process of the nuclear-grade forge piece must be monitored and evaluated in the whole process, so that enough sample samples must be reserved at reasonable positions of the forge piece to accurately reflect the uniformity of the internal quality, the chemical composition and the mechanical property of the forge piece and ensure the representative and accurate test sample test; while also having reasonable sample retention costs. Because the performance requirement of the forging material of the conical shell forging piece is extremely high, the material has the characteristics of high quality and high price, and in the machining process of a finished product of the conical shell forging piece, a large amount of cutting metal is wasted due to excessive cutting allowance, so that the unreasonable sample reservation amount and finish machining cutting allowance not only cause the waste of high-performance and high-cost metal, but also increase the machining and manufacturing cost.
The existing forging production process method adopts welding, casting or hot extrusion molding processes, and obviously the traditional processes are difficult to meet the performance requirements of nuclear-grade forgings. Because the nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder forging belongs to a large block-shaped component, the utilization rate of materials is low, most of the materials become waste materials through machining and are difficult to recycle, the removal amount far exceeds the actual material consumption, and great waste of high-quality alloy materials is formed. Secondly, the process flow is complex, the production efficiency is low, the solid slab cake type forge piece is difficult to be thoroughly heated and compacted in the forging process, the thermodynamic and kinetic conditions of the inner layer, the outer layer, the core and the upper part of the steel ingot are different, so that the defects of segregation, porosity, shrinkage cavity and the like exist in the steel ingot, the defects often cause the quality problems of cracks, coarse crystals and the like of the forge piece in the subsequent forging process, and the forge piece is scrapped in severe cases. Thirdly, the core material of the reducing cylinder forging of the nuclear island evaporator is made of heat-resistant steel, the hot working performance is poor, the core material of the large forging cannot obtain enough forging pressure due to the bridge arch effect of the outer layer material, a small deformation area is formed in the core, the porosity defects such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity in the blank cannot be effectively forged, and cast dendrites in the blank cannot be broken, so that the anisotropy of the forging is caused, and the mechanical properties of the cylinder forging are inconsistent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the integral forging of the reducing cylinder of the nuclear island evaporator, so that the combined structure of the conical cylinder and the cylindrical lower cylinder has uniform metal microstructure and mechanical property, and has reasonable sample reservation amount and cutting allowance, thereby having good economy on the basis of ensuring the safety and reliability of the forging. The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a forging and forming method of the integral forging of the reducing cylinder of the nuclear island evaporator.
In order to solve the technical problem, the nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging comprises a forging body, wherein the forging body consists of a conical cylinder and a cylinder, and the cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the conical cylinder; the conical cylinder body comprises a conical pipe upper opening section, a conical pipe section and a conical pipe lower opening section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and an upper opening test material intercepting section and an upper opening intercepting section are arranged at the upper opening end of the conical pipe upper opening section; the cylinder comprises a main cylinder pipe section, and a lower opening sample intercepting section and a lower opening intercepting section are arranged at the lower opening end of the main cylinder pipe section; the upper opening intercepting section, the upper opening sample intercepting section, the conical pipe upper opening section, the conical pipe lower opening section, the main cylinder pipe section, the lower opening sample intercepting section and the lower opening intercepting section are forged into a whole; the height h of the conical cylinder1Height h from cylinder2Ratio h of1/h2= 0.60-0.70; the height h of the finished cone tube of the finished tube corresponding to the forging body01The inner diameter of the upper opening of the finished cone tube is 2R1The height of a finished product main bobbin of the finished product bobbin corresponding to the forging body is h02The inner diameter of the finished product main cylinder pipe is 2R2Height h of the conical cylinder1=（1.08—1.12）h01The external diameter of the upper opening section of the conical pipe of the conical cylinder body is 2R11Conical cylinderThe inner diameter of the upper opening section (1) of the taper pipe of the body is 2R12And the external diameter of the lower opening section of the conical pipe of the conical cylinder body is 2R13，R11=（1.03—1.05）R1，R12=（0.95—0.97）R1(ii) a Height h of the cylinder2=（1.06—1.10）h02 Inner diameter 2R of main cylindrical pipe section21 Outside diameter 2R of main cylindrical pipe section22，R21=（0.95—0.97）R2，R22=（1.03—1.05）R2，R13=（1.15—1.16）R2(ii) a The total height of the upper opening test material intercepting section and the upper opening intercepting section is h11The height of the upper cutting section is h12，h11=（0.10—0.12）h1，h12=0.04 h1(ii) a The total height of the lower opening sample intercepting section and the lower opening intercepting section is h21The height of the lower port cutting segment is h22，h21=（0.06—0.07）h2，h22=0.02 h2。
Preferably, the conical pipe upper opening section, the conical pipe lower opening section and the main cylinder pipe section are all in a circular cylinder pipe structure, and the conical pipe section is in a circular truncated cone cylinder pipe structure; the upper opening test material intercepting section and the lower opening test material intercepting section can be both intercepted and divided into two test material sections.
Preferably, the central lines of the conical pipe upper opening section, the conical pipe lower opening section and the main barrel pipe section are on the same straight line, and the cone frustum angle α of the conical pipe section is = 8-12 degrees.
Preferably, the forging body is integrally forged into an integrated structure from carbon-manganese low alloy steel.
The invention discloses a method for forming an integral forging for forging a reducing cylinder of a nuclear island evaporator, which comprises the following steps:
⑴ heating the steel ingot in stages, heating the steel ingot to 580-620 deg.C in a heating furnace, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, heating to 830-870 deg.C at a heating rate of 55-60 deg.C/h, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, heating to 1130-1170 deg.C at a heating rate of 78-82 deg.C/h, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, heating to 1210-1250 deg.C at a heating rate of 78-82 deg.C/h, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
⑵ blanking blank, taking the heated steel ingot out of the furnace, chopping the head and the tail, wherein the chopping amount of the riser end is 8-10% of the weight of the steel ingot, and the chopping amount of the tail end is 6-8% of the weight of the steel ingot, removing the oxide layer to form a forged blank;
⑶ upsetting the forging stock, namely upsetting the forging stock with an upsetting ratio of 2.0-2.1, then drawing the forging stock into a square flat forging stock, rotating the forging stock by 90 degrees along the axis after each drawing, and then drawing out the forging stock for the next time, wherein the reduction rate of each drawing is 24-30%;
⑷ forming the forging stock by pressing the square flat forging stock into a hexagonal cylinder along the diagonal line, and forging the hexagonal cylinder into a cylinder to form the reducing cylinder forging;
⑸ punching tube holes, namely punching tube holes on a cylindrical reducing cylinder forging, punching the tube holes along the length direction of the cylindrical forging, respectively punching the tube holes from two ends of the reducing cylinder forging, wherein each end adopts three-step punching, the reduction of a first punch is 40% of the length of the tube holes, then coating heavy oil on another punch, and then performing secondary punching, the reduction of the punch is 35% of the length of the tube holes, then coating heavy oil on another punch, and then performing punching, the reduction of the punch is 35% of the length of the tube holes, and finally, a long core rod with different diameters penetrates through the tube holes and the outer wall of the tube;
⑹ and carrying out heat treatment after forging, namely, sending the tube forging into a heating furnace to carry out normalizing, heat preservation along with the furnace, annealing and discharging.
Further, the initial forging temperature in the upsetting, drawing and punching processes is 1210-1250 ℃, the final forging temperature is 830-870 ℃, and the forge piece is heated to the initial forging temperature according to the step (2) after being returned to the final forging temperature.
And (3) further, upsetting and drawing the forging stock in the step (4) is to perform primary upsetting on the forging stock, then perform primary flattening, then perform four-time drawing on the flattened forging stock, and rotate the forging piece by 90 degrees along the axis after each drawing and then perform the next drawing.
Further, the normalizing temperature is 1030-1060 ℃, the furnace holding temperature is 300 ℃, and the annealing temperature is 740-760 ℃.
In the above structure, first, since the cone and the cylinder are forged into an integral structure, the cylinderIs positioned at the lower end of the conical cylinder body and has a height h1Height h from cylinder2Ratio h of1/h2= 0.55-0.65; thereby forming an integrated structure of the cone body and the cylinder body of the steam generator, not only completely avoiding the welding seam between the cone body and the cylinder body, but also meeting the structural requirement and the service performance of the steam generator cylinder body; the integral structure enables the metal structure of the forging to be uniform and consistent, the metal flow line is smooth and coherent, the mechanical property of the steam generator barrel is greatly improved, the severe working conditions formed by high temperature and high pressure, variable load and steam vortex of the steam generator can be borne, and the homogenization of the working stress of the steam generator barrel and the improvement of the operation safety are facilitated; and the integral forging not only further refines the metal structure, but also is beneficial to the accurate molding of the steam generator cylinder. The sample intercepting sections arranged at the two ends of the forging body can reflect the internal material and the tissue structure of the steam generator cylinder forging more comprehensively and accurately, the sample sections at the two ends not only reflect the internal quality of the steam generator cylinder forging along the circumferential direction of the cylinder, but also can be used for sampling and detecting for multiple times in the whole process of cylinder production, so that the chemical components, the microstructure and the mechanical property of the cylinder forging in each technological process can be accurately reflected, and the absolute safety and reliability of the quality of the forging are ensured. And because reasonable finish machining allowance is reserved between the conical cylinder and the inner wall and the outer wall of the cylinder body relative to the finished cylinder body, the external dimension and the surface machining quality of the finished cylinder body product are ensured, the most reasonable and lowest cutting amount is achieved, the waste of a large amount of metal is reduced for a high-performance large forging piece such as the cylinder body, and the machining and manufacturing cost is effectively reduced.
The invention adopts specific process steps of heating step by step, upsetting-drawing forming, deep hole punching and the like, so that the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the sectional heating specification is adopted, so that the integral forging of the reducing cylinder of the nuclear island evaporator can be fully heated and penetrated, and the internal structure is homogenized. The sectional dimension of the integral forging of the reducing cylinder of the nuclear island evaporator is large, and a large temperature gradient can be formed in the blank by a direct continuous heating method, so that sectional heating and heat preservation specifications are adopted according to the material characteristics of the heat-resistant steel, the large-volume and large-section forging can be ensured to be uniformly and thoroughly heated, the heating temperature between the core part and each region on the surface of the forging is consistent, the cracking of the steel ingot of the forging caused by temperature stress generated by the temperature difference of the section is avoided, and the internal structure defect caused by the heating and temperature rise of the steel ingot is avoided. The invention adopts the direct punch forming process, greatly reduces the cutting amount of materials, improves the utilization rate of the materials, can completely recycle even the core material formed by punching, and greatly improves the production efficiency of the direct punch forming process, therefore, the process method of the invention has the advantages of reducing the processing process flow, shortening the whole production process and improving the production efficiency and the utilization rate of the materials.
Drawings
The integral forging of the reducing cylinder of the nuclear island evaporator is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific implementation mode.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conical tube and a lower tube of a steam generator;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the reducing cylinder integral forging of the nuclear island evaporator.
In the figure: 1-conical tube upper opening section, 2-conical tube section, 3-conical tube lower opening section, 4-main barrel tube section, 5-lower opening test material intercepting section, 6-lower opening intercepting section, 7-upper opening test material intercepting section, 8-upper opening intercepting section, 9-finished barrel tube and 10-boss.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1The steam generator cone and lower barrel integrated finished barrel comprises a finished barrel 9, wherein the finished barrel comprises an upper part which is a cone barrel and a lower part which is a cylinder, and the cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the cone barrel; and a boss 10 for installing an evaporator accessory is arranged on the outer side of the conical cylinder body. The total height h of the finished product cylinder 90=4750 mm, the thickness of the cylinder body wall b =65 mm, and the height h of the finished product conical cylinder positioned at the upper part01=1400 mm, and the inner diameter of the upper opening of the finished cone tube is 2R1=3100 mm, and the height of the finished product main bobbin at the lower part of the finished product bobbin 9 is h02=2150 mm, and the inner diameter of the finished main bobbin is 2R2=2600 mm. The finished cylinder is of an integrated structure formed by integrally forging carbon-manganese low alloy steel.
As shown in fig. 2, the reducing cylinder integral forging of the nuclear island evaporator and the forging and forming method thereof of the invention have the forging body composed of the conical cylinder and the cylinder which are mutually forged into a whole. The main structure of the cone barrel is a circular truncated cone barrel structure, the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone barrel is upward, the large-diameter end is an upper opening end, the small-diameter end of the circular truncated cone barrel is downward and is connected with the cylinder, and the cylinder is of a circular barrel structure. The total height of the forging body is h, and the total height h comprises the height sum of the sample intercepting section and the intercepting section at the two ends of the cone body and the cylinder.
The conical cylinder body comprises a conical pipe upper opening section 1, a conical pipe section 2 and a conical pipe lower opening section 3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and an upper opening test material intercepting section 7 and an upper opening intercepting section 8 are arranged at the upper opening end of the conical pipe upper opening section 1; outer diameter 2R of upper opening section 1 of conical pipe of conical cylinder11=3220 mm, and the inner diameter 2R of the upper opening section 1 of the taper pipe body12=2975 mm, and the outer diameter of the lower opening section (3) of the conical tube body is 2R13=3000 mm; height h of conical cylinder1=1540 mm, and the total height of the upper opening test material intercepting section (7) and the upper opening intercepting section (8) is h11=170 mm, and the height of the upper opening cutting section (8) is h12The cone frustum angle α =10 ° of the cone tube section 2 is =60 mm, the cone frustum angle α is an included angle between a generatrix of the inner wall of the cone tube section 2 and a center line of the cone frustum, and the cone frustum angle α is preferably between 8 ° and 12 °.
Cylinder bodyComprises a main cylinder pipe section 4, wherein a lower opening sample intercepting section 5 and a lower opening intercepting section 6 are arranged at the lower opening end of the main cylinder pipe section 4; height h of cylinder2=2320 mm, and the inner diameter 2R of the main cylinder pipe section 421=2495 mm, and the outer diameter 2R of the main bobbin section 422=2700 mm; the total height of the lower opening sample intercepting section 5 and the lower opening intercepting section 6 is h21=170 mm, and the height of the lower opening cutting section 6 is h22，，h22And =46 mm. The lower sample cutting section 5 may be divided into two sample sections to form a first sample and a second sample.
The upper opening cutting section 8, the upper opening sample cutting section 7, the conical tube upper opening section 1, the conical tube section 2, the conical tube lower opening section 3, the main barrel tube section 4, the lower opening sample cutting section 5 and the lower opening cutting section 6 are forged into a whole, so that an integrated structure is formed.
The present invention can also be optimized to determine its parameters within the following ranges. The preferred ranges are: height h of conical cylinder1Height h from cylinder2Ratio h of1/h2= 0.60-0.70; height h of conical cylinder1=（1.08—1.12）h01， R11=（1.03—1.05）R1，R12=（0.95—0.97）R1(ii) a Height h2= (1.06-1.10) h of cylinder02， R21=（0.95—0.97）R2，R22=（1.03—1.05）R2，R13=（1.15—1.16）R2。h11=（0.10—0.12）h1，h12=0.04 h1。h21=（0.06—0.07）h2，h22=0.02 h2。
The invention discloses a specific process for forging a reducing cylinder integral forging of a nuclear island evaporator, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, the carbon-manganese low alloy steel ingot is heated in sections, firstly, the steel ingot is sent to a heating furnace to be heated to 580 ℃, and then, the temperature is kept for 3 hours at the temperature; the second heating section is heated to 830 ℃ at a heating speed of 55 ℃/h, the third section is a heat preservation section, and the steel ingot heated to 830 ℃ is preserved for 4 hours, so that the temperature of the steel ingot is uniform, and the temperature stress is eliminated. The fourth heating section is heated to 1130 ℃ at a heating speed of 78 ℃/h, when the temperature of the steel ingot is higher than 800 ℃, the steel ingot has certain plasticity, so that the heating section adopts a relatively high heating speed, the fifth section is also a heat preservation section, the steel ingot is preserved for 4 hours at the temperature of 1130 ℃ to further eliminate the temperature stress of the steel ingot, the sixth heating section heats the steel ingot to 1220 ℃ at the heating speed of 78 ℃/h, the seventh section is also a heat preservation section, and the steel ingot is preserved for 2 hours at the temperature of 1220 ℃ to form a forging heating blank.
Blanking a blank, taking the heated blank out of the furnace, sending the heated blank to a large hydraulic press, cutting the head and the tail of the heated blank by taking a chopping knife as an upper anvil so as to ensure the quality of useful blank materials, wherein the head end cutting amount of a riser head is 10 percent of the total weight of the blank, the cutting amount of a tail end section is 6 percent of the weight of the blank, knocking the blank with the head and the tail cut by a steel hammer so as to remove an oxidation skin layer on the periphery of a steel ingot of the blank and obtain a forged blank for forging.
And upsetting and drawing the forging stock. Upsetting the forging stock along the axial direction, wherein the upsetting ratio is controlled to be between 2.0 and 2.1, and the blank with the upsetting ratio being too large is easy to be unstable and bent; the upsetting ratio is too small, the upper and lower hard-to-deform regions overlap, and forging is difficult, so that it is preferable to control the forging ratio to 2.0 to 2.1. And (3) flattening for the first time after upsetting, then drawing out the flattened forging blank for four times, rotating the forging piece for 90 degrees along the axis after each drawing out, then drawing out for the next time, wherein the reduction rate of each drawing out is 25%, and the square flat block is formed after the four drawing out. The reduction ratio is the percentage of the reduction to the height before deformation. The axial drawing of the forging piece ensures that the fiber structure of the forging piece is not damaged, the reduction rate is more than 24 percent, the center of the forging piece can be in a larger compressive stress state, the closure of porosity defects such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity in the forging piece is ensured, and a better forging structure is obtained; the reduction rate is less than 30 percent, and the defects of cracks and the like caused by great damage to the metal material can be avoided. After each elongation, the forging is rotated by 90 degrees along the axis, and the forging stock can be forged into a square flat block, so that the subsequent forging and forming process is facilitated.
And (5) forging and forming. Pressing the upset square flat block along a diagonal line to form a hexagonal column (hexagonal prism), wherein the rolling reduction is 29%; and forging the hexagonal cylinder into a cylinder with small reduction to form the reducing cylinder forging.
And (4) flushing the pipe hole of the cylinder. The cylinder pipe holes are punched on the cylindrical reducing cylinder forging along the length direction of the cylindrical forging, the cylinder pipe holes are punched from two ends of the reducing cylinder forging respectively and are punched from two ends of the cylinder pipe hole respectively during punching due to the fact that the cylinder pipe holes are deep long holes, and a three-step punching method is adopted for punching of each end. The punching of the tube hole is firstly carried out from one end, the punching reduction of each punching is 1/6 of the length (depth) of the main tube hole, the diameter of the punch rod is equal to the diameter of the tube hole, and the length of the punch rod of the three times of punching is continuously lengthened. After the first punching is finished, heavy oil is smeared at the front end of the replaced punch; after the second punching is finished, another punch is replaced, and the front end of the punch is coated with heavy oil for punching for three times; after the end is punched for three times, the forge piece is turned for 180 degrees, and then the tube hole at the other end is punched by adopting the same steps. After the main pipe holes are punched from the two ends, the long core rods penetrate through the barrel pipe holes to trim the barrel pipe holes, and finally the long core rods with different diameters penetrate through the trimmed barrel pipe holes and the outer wall of the barrel pipe;
performing heat treatment after forging, after punching, cooling the inclined tee forging to 580 ℃, preserving heat for 6h, heating at a heating speed of 80 ℃/h to a normalizing temperature of 1030 ℃, preserving heat for 10h, cooling to 300 ℃ along with a furnace, preserving heat for 6h along with the furnace at the temperature, heating at an acceleration of 60 ℃/h to an annealing temperature of 740 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, discharging, and thus obtaining the inclined tee forging of the main steam pipeline of the supercritical unit.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a whole forging of nuclear island evaporimeter reducing barrel, includes the forging body, its characterized in that: the forging body consists of a conical cylinder body and a cylinder body, and the cylinder body is arranged at the lower end of the conical cylinder body; the conical cylinder body comprises a conical pipe upper opening section (1), a conical pipe section (2) and a conical pipe lower opening section (3) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and an upper opening test material intercepting section (7) and an upper opening intercepting section (8) are arranged at the upper opening end of the conical pipe upper opening section (1); the cylinder comprises a main cylinder pipe section (4), and a lower opening sample intercepting section (5) and a lower opening intercepting section (6) are arranged at the lower opening end of the main cylinder pipe section (4); the upper opening intercepting section (8), the upper opening test material intercepting section (7) and the taper pipe are provided withThe mouth section (1), the conical pipe section (2), the conical pipe lower mouth section (3), the main cylinder pipe section (4), the lower mouth sample intercepting section (5) and the lower mouth intercepting section (6) are forged into a whole; the height h of the conical cylinder1Height h from cylinder2Ratio h of1/h2= 0.60-0.70; the finished product taper bobbin height h of the finished product bobbin (9) corresponding to the forging body01The inner diameter of the upper opening of the finished cone tube is 2R1The height of a finished product main bobbin of the finished product bobbin (9) corresponding to the forging body is h02The inner diameter of the finished product main cylinder pipe is 2R2Height h of the conical cylinder1=（1.08—1.12）h01The external diameter of the upper opening section (1) of the taper pipe of the taper cylinder body is 2R11The inner diameter of the upper opening section (1) of the conical pipe of the conical cylinder body is 2R12The external diameter of the lower opening section (3) of the conical pipe of the conical cylinder body is 2R13，R11=（1.03—1.05）R1，R12=（0.95—0.97）R1(ii) a Height h of the cylinder2=（1.06—1.10）h02The inner diameter 2R of the main cylindrical pipe section (4)21The outer diameter 2R of the main cylindrical pipe section (4)22，R21=（0.95—0.97）R2，R22=（1.03—1.05）R2，R13=（1.15—1.16）R2(ii) a The total height of the upper opening test material intercepting section (7) and the upper opening intercepting section (8) is h11The height of the upper cutting section (8) is h12，h11=（0.10—0.12）h1，h12=0.04 h1(ii) a The total height of the lower opening sample intercepting section (5) and the lower opening intercepting section (6) is h21The height of the lower opening cutting section (6) is h22，h21=（0.06—0.07）h2，h22=0.02 h2。
2. The nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conical pipe upper opening section (1), the conical pipe lower opening section (3) and the main cylindrical pipe section (4) are all in a circular pipe structure, and the conical pipe section (2) is in a circular truncated cone pipe structure; the upper opening test material intercepting section (7) and the lower opening test material intercepting section (5) can be intercepted and divided into two test material sections.
3. The nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging piece according to claim 1, wherein the central lines of the conical pipe upper opening section (1), the conical pipe section (2), the conical pipe lower opening section (3) and the main cylinder pipe section (4) are on the same straight line, and the cone frustum angle α of the conical pipe section (2) is between 8 degrees and 12 degrees.
4. The nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the forging body is integrally forged into an integrated structure by carbon-manganese low alloy steel.
5. A forging forming method for forging the integral forging of the reducing cylinder of the nuclear island evaporator, which is characterized in that: the forging forming method comprises the following steps:
⑴ heating the steel ingot in stages, heating the steel ingot to 580-620 deg.C in a heating furnace, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, heating to 830-870 deg.C at a heating rate of 55-60 deg.C/h, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, heating to 1130-1170 deg.C at a heating rate of 78-82 deg.C/h, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, heating to 1210-1250 deg.C at a heating rate of 78-82 deg.C/h, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours;
⑵ blanking blank, taking the heated steel ingot out of the furnace, chopping the head and the tail, wherein the chopping amount of the riser end is 8-10% of the weight of the steel ingot, and the chopping amount of the tail end is 6-8% of the weight of the steel ingot, removing the oxide layer to form a forged blank;
⑶ upsetting the forging stock, namely upsetting the forging stock with an upsetting ratio of 2.0-2.1, then drawing the forging stock into a square flat forging stock, rotating the forging stock by 90 degrees along the axis after each drawing, and then drawing out the forging stock for the next time, wherein the reduction rate of each drawing is 24-30%;
⑷ forming the forging stock by pressing the square flat forging stock into a hexagonal cylinder along the diagonal line, and forging the hexagonal cylinder into a cylinder to form the reducing cylinder forging;
⑸ punching tube holes, namely punching tube holes on a cylindrical reducing cylinder forging, punching the tube holes along the length direction of the cylindrical forging, respectively punching the tube holes from two ends of the reducing cylinder forging, wherein each end adopts three-step punching, the reduction of a first punch is 40% of the length of the tube holes, then coating heavy oil on another punch, and then performing secondary punching, the reduction of the punch is 35% of the length of the tube holes, then coating heavy oil on another punch, and then performing punching, the reduction of the punch is 35% of the length of the tube holes, and finally, a long core rod with different diameters penetrates through the tube holes and the outer wall of the tube;
⑹ and carrying out heat treatment after forging, namely, sending the tube forging into a heating furnace to carry out normalizing, heat preservation along with the furnace, annealing and discharging.
6. The forging forming method as recited in claim 5, wherein: the initial forging temperature in the upsetting, drawing and punching processes is 1210-1250 ℃, the final forging temperature is 830-870 ℃, and the forge piece is heated to the initial forging temperature according to the step (2) after being returned to the final forging temperature.
7. The forging forming method as recited in claim 5, wherein: and (4) upsetting and drawing the forging stock, namely, upsetting the forging stock once, flattening the upsetting forging stock once again, drawing out the flattened forging stock four times, and rotating the forging stock by 90 degrees along the axis after each drawing out, and then drawing out the forging stock for the next time.
8. The forging and forming process for the high-temperature steam pipeline of the supercritical unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging and forming process comprises the following steps: the normalizing temperature is 1030 ℃ to 1060 ℃, the furnace holding temperature is 300 ℃, and the annealing temperature is 740 ℃ to 760 ℃.
CN201811129393.0A 2018-09-27 2018-09-27 Nuclear island evaporator reducing cylinder integral forging and forging forming method thereof Pending CN110947900A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112570579A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-30 南昌航空大学 Forming device and method for realizing pipe end necking thickening by accurately controlling temperature in different areas

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112570579A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-30 南昌航空大学 Forming device and method for realizing pipe end necking thickening by accurately controlling temperature in different areas
CN112570579B (en) * 2020-11-25 2022-07-08 南昌航空大学 Forming device and method for realizing pipe end necking thickening by accurately controlling temperature in different areas

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