TWI708892B

TWI708892B - Wind power plant

Info

Publication number: TWI708892B
Application number: TW107129380A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 山本幸生; 角谷啓; 楠野順弘
Original assignee: 日商日立製作所股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-09-05
Filing date: 2018-08-23
Publication date: 2020-11-01
Also published as: JP6920932B2; JP2019044715A; TW201912929A; WO2019049502A1

Abstract

其目的在於可以提供一種風力發電裝置，其係在以槳距角控制同時執行複數個控制功能之際，使應為優先的控制功能御確實動作而確保安定性，提升可靠性。 The purpose of this is to provide a wind power generation device that, when a plurality of control functions are simultaneously executed under pitch angle control, ensures that the control functions that should be prioritized operate reliably, thereby ensuring stability and improving reliability.

具備：葉片，其係受風而旋轉；槳距角控制裝置，其係用複數個控制功能控制前述葉片的槳距角；以及輸出調整手段，其係針對前述槳距角控制裝置中的前述複數個控制功能進行輸出調整；其中，前述槳距角控制裝置，係根據風力發電裝置的狀態，選擇前述複數個控制功能中優先的控制功能；前述輸出調整手段，係除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能的任意一個以上的控制功能，限制槳距角輸出。 Equipped with: blades that are rotated by wind; a pitch angle control device that uses a plurality of control functions to control the pitch angle of the blade; and output adjustment means for the plural of the pitch angle control devices A control function for output adjustment; wherein the aforementioned pitch angle control device selects the priority control function among the aforementioned plural control functions according to the state of the wind power generation device; the aforementioned output adjustment means is in addition to the aforementioned priority control function, For any one or more of the aforementioned plural control functions, the pitch angle output is restricted.

Description

風力發電裝置 Wind power plant

本發明有關風力發電裝置或是風力發電裝置的控制方法，特別是有關藉由槳距角控制而使複數個控制功能安定動作之風力發電裝置。 The present invention relates to a wind power generation device or a control method of a wind power generation device, and particularly relates to a wind power generation device that stabilizes a plurality of control functions by controlling the pitch angle.

最近幾年，從環境保護的面向來看，二氧化碳的排出所致之地球暖化、或化石燃料的枯竭等被視為問題。在此，作為不使用化石燃料，而且抑制二氧化碳的排出之發電裝置，利用從風力或太陽光等的自然所可以得到的可再生能源之發電裝置受到注目。 In recent years, from the perspective of environmental protection, global warming caused by the emission of carbon dioxide or the depletion of fossil fuels have been regarded as problems. Here, as a power generation device that does not use fossil fuels and suppresses the emission of carbon dioxide, a power generation device that utilizes renewable energy available from nature such as wind and sunlight has attracted attention.

在利用可再生能源的發電裝置中，太陽光發電裝置為一般，但是，因為日照直接影響到輸出的緣故，輸出變動大，夜間無法發電。相對於此，風力發電裝置係選擇設置在風速或風向等的風況安定的場所，藉此，不問晝夜可以進行比較安定的發電。而且，也可以設置在比起陸上為高風速且風況變化較少的海上的緣故，正受到注目。 Among the power generation devices that use renewable energy, solar power generation devices are general. However, because sunlight directly affects the output, the output fluctuates greatly, and power generation cannot be generated at night. On the other hand, the wind power generator is selected to be installed in a place where the wind conditions such as wind speed and wind direction are stable, thereby enabling relatively stable power generation regardless of day and night. Moreover, it is attracting attention because it can be installed on the sea where the wind speed is higher and the wind conditions change less than the land.

在一般的大型風力發電裝置中，使受風的葉片的槳距角變化而使受風的量變化，進行讓風力發電裝置的轉子或發電機等的旋轉系統的旋轉速度或發電量保持在一定的控制。在該旋轉速度控制下，超過額定旋轉速度而過旋轉的話，會對裝置給予過大的負載。更進一步，繼續過旋轉狀態而旋轉速度超過特定值的話，會轉移到用於裝置保護的停機動作而無法繼續發電的緣故，所以安定化旋轉速度，特別是不要變成過旋轉狀態這一點是重要的。 In a general large-scale wind power generation device, the pitch angle of the blade receiving the wind is changed to change the amount of wind, and the wind power generation device The rotation speed or power generation of the rotating system such as the rotor or generator is kept under certain control. Under this rotation speed control, if it exceeds the rated rotation speed and rotates too much, an excessive load is applied to the device. Furthermore, if the rotation speed exceeds a certain value after continuing the over-rotation state, it will shift to the shutdown action for device protection and cannot continue to generate electricity. Therefore, it is important to stabilize the rotation speed, especially not to become an over-rotation state. .

而且，在海上設置風車的情況下，在如日本般水深為深的場所多的地區，把浮體繫留在海底並在上面設置風力發電裝置之浮動式遂為必需。在浮動式方面，因為波浪或風而產生浮體的振動的緣故，所以進行以槳距角控制來使因風而所受的力變化而抑制浮體的振動之振動抑制控制。也就關於該浮體的振動抑制控制，因為浮體的振動變大而超過特定值的話會危險的緣故，會導致停止發電，所以是重要的功能。 In addition, in the case of installing windmills on the sea, in areas where there are many places with deep water depths like Japan, it is necessary to leave the floating system on the bottom of the sea and install wind power generators on it. In the floating type, due to the vibration of the floating body caused by waves or wind, vibration suppression control is performed to change the force received by the wind by controlling the pitch angle to suppress the vibration of the floating body. Regarding the vibration suppression control of the floating body, it is an important function because the vibration of the floating body becomes large and exceeds a certain value, which is dangerous and stops the power generation.

更進一步，在槳距角控制方面，為了減低葉片的負載或是產生平擺方向的力，執行對複數個葉片的槳距角進行個別控制之獨立槳距控制。 Furthermore, in terms of pitch angle control, in order to reduce the load of the blades or generate a force in the pan direction, independent pitch control is performed in which the pitch angles of a plurality of blades are individually controlled.

而且，在相近設置複數個風力發電裝置之風力發電廠中，因為上風側的風力發電裝置的轉子的旋轉，產生下風側的風況紊亂的尾流之現象。在尾流下，風速下降且亂流強度增大的緣故，在下風側的風力發電裝置處於受到尾流的影響的位置的情況下，會產生發電電力的減少或疲勞強度的增加所致之壽命的下降。為了減低這樣的尾流的影響，考慮到把槳距角控制也適用在控制複數個風力發電裝置間的發電狀態之廠區控制。 Moreover, in a wind power plant where a plurality of wind power generators are installed close to each other, the turbulent wake phenomenon occurs on the leeward side due to the rotation of the rotor of the wind power generator on the windward side. Under the wake, the wind speed decreases and the intensity of the turbulence increases. When the wind power generator on the leeward side is in a position affected by the wake, it will cause a decrease in the power generation or an increase in the fatigue strength due to the life span. decline. In order to reduce the impact of such wakes, considering that the pitch angle control is also applicable to control multiple winds Plant area control of power generation status between power generation devices.

如上述，在槳距角控制下同時執行複數個控制功能的緣故，在相互的控制功能間產生干涉，相對於重要的控制功能的動作，其他的控制功能執行與其相反的動作，是有重要的控制功能無法有效動作而發電停止之可能性。 As mentioned above, due to the simultaneous execution of multiple control functions under the pitch angle control, interference occurs between the mutual control functions. Compared with the operation of the important control function, it is important for other control functions to perform the opposite operation. The control function cannot operate effectively and the power generation may stop.

對這樣的槳距角控制的複數個控制功能，例如在專利文獻1，揭示出「一種浮動式海上風力發電設施的控制裝置，其中，前述葉片槳距控制手段，係進行前述浮體運動檢測手段的前述檢測結果與前述轉子的旋轉狀態的檢測結果的加權，來控制前述轉子的前述葉片槳距」。 Regarding the plural control functions of such pitch angle control, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses "a control device for a floating offshore wind power generation facility, wherein the blade pitch control means performs the floating body motion detection means The weighting of the detection result and the detection result of the rotation state of the rotor is used to control the blade pitch of the rotor".

[先前技術文獻] [Prior Technical Literature] [專利文獻] [Patent Literature]

[專利文獻1]WO2013-065323號專利公報 [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. WO2013-065323

但是，在專利文獻1的浮動式海上風力發電設施的控制裝置中，無法以適切的時序讓優先的控制功能有效，使各個的控制功能有效地動作是有困難的緣故，動作變得不安定，是有發電停止或發電效率下降的可能性。 However, in the control device of the floating offshore wind power generation facility of Patent Document 1, the priority control function cannot be validated at an appropriate timing. It is difficult to effectively operate each control function, and the operation becomes unstable. There is a possibility that power generation will stop or power generation efficiency will drop.

本發明的目的是提供一種風力發電裝置，其係在以槳距角控制同時執行複數個控制功能之際，使應為優先的控制功能御確實動作而確保安定性，提升可靠性。 The object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generation device, which is controlled by the pitch angle when multiple control functions are performed at the same time. Prioritized control functions ensure stability and improve reliability by ensuring reliable operation.

為了解決上述課題，有關本發明的風力發電裝置，具備：葉片，其係受風而旋轉；槳距角控制裝置，其係用複數個控制功能控制前述葉片的槳距角；以及輸出調整手段，其係針對前述槳距角控制裝置中的前述複數個控制功能進行輸出調整；其中，前述槳距角控制裝置，係根據風力發電裝置的狀態，選擇前述複數個控制功能中優先的控制功能；前述輸出調整手段，係除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能的任意一個以上的控制功能，限制槳距角輸出。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the wind power generation device of the present invention includes: blades that are rotated by wind; a pitch angle control device that uses a plurality of control functions to control the pitch angle of the blade; and output adjustment means, It adjusts the output of the aforementioned plurality of control functions in the aforementioned pitch angle control device; wherein, the aforementioned pitch angle control device selects the priority control function among the aforementioned plural control functions according to the state of the wind power generation device; The output adjustment means is to limit the pitch angle output for any one or more of the aforementioned control functions in addition to the aforementioned priority control function.

根據本發明，可以提供一種風力發電裝置，其係在以槳距角控制同時執行複數個控制功能之際，使應為優先的控制功能御確實動作而確保安定性，提升可靠性。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wind power generation device that, when a plurality of control functions are simultaneously executed by pitch angle control, ensures that the control functions that should be prioritized operate reliably, thereby ensuring stability and improving reliability.

上述以外的課題，構成及效果，係經由以下的實施方式的說明釋明之。 The problems, configurations, and effects other than the above are explained through the following description of the embodiment.

1:浮動式風力發電裝置 1: Floating wind power generation device

2:轂 2: hub

3:葉片 3: blade

4:轉子 4: Rotor

5:機艙 5: Cabin

6:發電機 6: Generator

7:傾斜角感測器 7: Tilt angle sensor

8:發電機力矩調整裝置 8: Generator torque adjustment device

9:旋轉速度感測器 9: Rotation speed sensor

10:槳距角調整裝置 10: Pitch angle adjustment device

11:塔 11: Tower

12:控制器 12: Controller

13:浮體 13: Floating body

14:繫留索 14: Tether

100、200:槳距角控制裝置 100, 200: pitch angle control device

101、201:旋轉速度控制部 101, 201: rotation speed control unit

102，202:浮體振動控制部 102, 202: Floating body vibration control unit

103、203:獨立槳距控制部 103, 203: Independent pitch control unit

104~106:限制器 104~106: Limiter

107:限制器控制部 107: Limiter control section

108、208:加法運算部 108, 208: addition department

204~206:增益部 204~206: Gain section

207:增益控制部 207: Gain control section

209:槳距角演算部 209: pitch angle calculation department

[圖1]表示有關本發明的一實施方式之浮動式風力發電裝置的構成概要之圖。 [Figure 1] shows a floating wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention A diagram of the outline of the electrical device.

[圖2]表示風力發電裝置中的發電電力、發電機旋轉速度、發電機力矩、及槳距角的關係的其中一例之概略圖。 [Fig. 2] A schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship among generated power, generator rotation speed, generator torque, and pitch angle in a wind power generator.

[圖3]表示有關實施例1的風力發電裝置的槳距角控制部的概要之方塊圖。 [Fig. 3] A block diagram showing the outline of the pitch angle control unit of the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment.

[圖4]表示有關實施例1的限制器的輸出入的關係的其中一例之概略圖。 [FIG. 4] A schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship between output and input of the limiter of the first embodiment.

[圖5]表示有關實施例1之有無適用本發明之下的旋轉速度、旋轉速度控制槳距角、浮體振動控制槳距角、獨立槳距控制槳距角及槳距角目標值的關係之概略圖。 [Figure 5] shows the relationship between the rotation speed, the rotation speed control pitch angle, the floating body vibration control pitch angle, the independent pitch control pitch angle, and the target value of the pitch angle under the application of the present invention related to Example 1 The schematic diagram.

[圖6]表示有關實施例2的風力發電裝置的槳距角控制部的概要之方塊圖。 [Fig. 6] A block diagram showing the outline of the pitch angle control unit of the wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment.

[圖7]表示有關實施例2的增益的輸出入的關係的其中一例之概略圖。 [FIG. 7] A schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the input and output of the gain in the second embodiment.

[圖8]表示有關實施例2之有無適用本發明之下的機艙傾斜角、浮體振動控制槳距角速度、旋轉速度控制槳距角速度、獨立槳距控制槳距角速度、槳距角速度加法運算值及槳距角目標值的關係之概略圖。 [Figure 8] Shows whether the nacelle inclination angle, floating body vibration control pitch angular velocity, rotation speed control pitch angular velocity, independent pitch control pitch angular velocity, and pitch angular velocity addition calculation values under the present invention are shown in the second embodiment A schematic diagram of the relationship between the pitch angle target value.

以下，參閱圖面，說明本發明的實施例。尚且，各圖面中，有關相同的構成賦予相同的元件符號，有關重複的部分省略其詳細的說明。 Hereinafter, referring to the drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described. In addition, in each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and detailed descriptions of the overlapping parts are omitted.

[實施例1] [Example 1]

使用圖1至圖5，說明有關實施例1中的風力發電裝置。圖1為可以適用本發明的浮動式風力發電裝置整體的概略構成圖。 1 to 5, the wind power generator in the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the entire floating wind power generator to which the present invention can be applied.

圖1的風力發電裝置1具備：轉子4，其係可旋轉，以具有旋轉軸(在圖中省略)之轂2、以及被安裝在轂2之複數個葉片3所構成。轉子4係透過未圖示旋轉軸經由機艙5被支撐成可旋轉，把轉子4的旋轉力傳遞到機艙5內的發電機6。因葉片2受風而轉子4旋轉，用轉子4的旋轉力使發電機6旋轉而產生電力。尚且，在機艙5內，具備計測機艙5的傾斜角之傾斜角感測器7。 The wind power generator 1 of FIG. 1 includes a rotor 4 that is rotatable and is composed of a hub 2 having a rotating shaft (not shown in the figure) and a plurality of blades 3 mounted on the hub 2. The rotor 4 is a generator 6 that is rotatably supported via the nacelle 5 through a rotating shaft not shown, and transmits the rotational force of the rotor 4 to the nacelle 5. The rotor 4 rotates when the blades 2 receive wind, and the generator 6 is rotated by the rotational force of the rotor 4 to generate electric power. Furthermore, in the nacelle 5, a tilt angle sensor 7 that measures the tilt angle of the nacelle 5 is provided.

在發電機6內，具備可以調整發電機力矩之發電機力矩調整裝置8，以變更發電機力矩的方式，可以控制轉子4或發電機6的旋轉速度或風力發電裝置1的發電電力。而且，在發電機6內，也具備用於檢測旋轉速度的旋轉速度感測器9、或計測發電機所輸出的有效電力之電力感測器(在圖中省略)等。 The generator 6 is provided with a generator torque adjusting device 8 that can adjust the generator torque, and by changing the generator torque, the rotation speed of the rotor 4 or the generator 6 or the power generated by the wind power generator 1 can be controlled. Furthermore, the generator 6 is also provided with a rotation speed sensor 9 for detecting the rotation speed, a power sensor for measuring the effective power output by the generator (not shown in the figure), and the like.

各個葉片3，係具備可以調整相對於風的葉片3的角度(槳距角)之槳距角調整裝置10，經由變更該槳距角，調整葉片3所受的風力(風量)，來變更對風的轉子4的旋轉能量。經此，可以在寬廣的風速範圍下控制旋轉速度及發電電力。 Each blade 3 is provided with a pitch angle adjustment device 10 that can adjust the angle (pitch angle) of the blade 3 with respect to the wind. By changing the pitch angle, the wind force (air volume) received by the blade 3 is adjusted to change the Rotation energy of the rotor 4 of the wind. Through this, the rotation speed and power generation can be controlled in a wide wind speed range.

風力發電裝置1中，機艙5設置在塔11上，具有相對於塔11而可旋轉的機構(在圖中省略)。塔11係透過轂2或機艙5來支撐葉片3的負載，並設置在浮體12上。浮體12，係藉由延伸在多方向之複數個繫留索13，被繫留在海上的特定位置。 In the wind power generation device 1, the nacelle 5 is set on the tower 11, with There is a mechanism that can rotate relative to the tower 11 (omitted in the figure). The tower 11 supports the load of the blade 3 through the hub 2 or the nacelle 5 and is set on the floating body 12. The floating body 12 is anchored at a specific position on the sea by means of a plurality of mooring cables 13 extending in multiple directions.

風力發電裝置1具備控制器12，根據從旋轉速度感測器9輸出的旋轉速度、從傾斜角感測器7輸出的機艙傾斜角、從發電機6輸出的發電電力等，用控制器12調整發電機力矩調整裝置8與槳距角調整裝置10，藉此，調整風力發電裝置1的發電電力或旋轉速度。 The wind power generator 1 includes a controller 12, which is adjusted by the controller 12 based on the rotation speed output from the rotation speed sensor 9, the nacelle inclination angle output from the tilt angle sensor 7, and the generated power output from the generator 6 The generator torque adjusting device 8 and the pitch angle adjusting device 10 thereby adjust the generated power or the rotation speed of the wind power generator 1.

在圖1，雖圖示了控制器12設置在機艙5或是塔11的外部，但是，可以配置在機艙5或是塔11的內部，也可以設置在風力發電裝置1的外部。 In FIG. 1, although the controller 12 is illustrated as being installed outside the nacelle 5 or the tower 11, it may be arranged inside the nacelle 5 or the tower 11, or may be installed outside the wind power generator 1.

在圖2，表示風力發電裝置1的發電動作概要。圖2係表示相對於風速之發電電力、發電機的旋轉速度、發電機力矩及槳距角的關係，使用該圖說明風力發電裝置1的發電動作概要。各圖表的橫軸係表示風速，越往右側風速越快。而且，各圖表的縱軸係表示越往上方，發電電力、旋轉速度、發電機力矩的各值越大。關於槳距角，上方為順槳(讓風跑掉)側，下方為小槳(受風)側。 FIG. 2 shows the outline of the power generation operation of the wind turbine generator 1. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the generated power, the rotation speed of the generator, the generator torque, and the pitch angle with respect to the wind speed. The outline of the power generation operation of the wind power generator 1 will be explained using this figure. The horizontal axis of each graph represents the wind speed, and the wind speed is faster to the right. In addition, the vertical axis of each graph indicates that the higher the upper direction, the larger the values of generated power, rotation speed, and generator torque. Regarding the pitch angle, the upper side is the feathering (letting the wind run away) side, and the lower side is the small oar (wind receiving) side.

發電係進行在從轉子4開始旋轉之切入風速Vin到停止旋轉之切出風速Vout的範圍內，一直到風速Vd，隨著風速的增加，發電電力值也增加，但是，在這以上的風速下，發電電力為一定。 The power generation system is carried out in the range from the cut-in wind speed Vin when the rotor 4 starts to rotate to the cut-out wind speed Vout when the rotation stops, and up to the wind speed Vd. As the wind speed increases, the power generation value also increases. However, at wind speeds above this , The power generation is certain.

在控制器12，控制發電機力矩，使得從切入風速Vin一直到風速Va為止的旋轉速度為一定(Wlow)，在從旋轉速度為額定旋轉速度Wrat以下的風速Va一直到風速Vb為止的範圍內，從旋轉速度算出發電機力矩來進行控制，使得對風速之發電電力為最大。超過風速Vb而旋轉速度到達額定旋轉速度Wrat的話，控制發電機力矩及槳距角，使得以維持額定旋轉速度Wrat。基本上，為了確保發電電力，進行發電機力矩的控制。在發電機力矩的控制下，在從風速Vb到風速Vd的範圍內，相應於風速使發電機力矩一直變化到額定發電機力矩Qrat，在從風速Vd一直到切出風速Vout為止的範圍內，維持額定發電機力矩Qrat，在這期間的發電電力為額定發電電力Prat。 In the controller 12, the generator torque is controlled so that the The rotation speed from the wind speed Vin to the wind speed Va is constant (Wlow). In the range from the wind speed Va below the rated rotation speed Wrat to the wind speed Vb, the generator torque is calculated from the rotation speed for control so that The power generated by wind speed is the largest. If the wind speed Vb is exceeded and the rotation speed reaches the rated rotation speed Wrat, the generator torque and pitch angle are controlled so as to maintain the rated rotation speed Wrat. Basically, in order to ensure the power generation, the generator torque is controlled. Under the control of generator torque, in the range from wind speed Vb to wind speed Vd, the generator torque is changed to the rated generator torque Qrat corresponding to the wind speed, and in the range from wind speed Vd to cut-out wind speed Vout, Maintain the rated generator torque Qrat, and the power generated during this period is the rated power Prat.

在槳距角的控制下，一直到風速Vc為止把槳距角維持在小槳側Θmin，在從風速Vc到切出Vout的範圍內，相應於風速使槳距角從小槳側Θmin變化到順槳側Θmax為止。但是，圖2的例子中，在從風速Vc到風速Vd的範圍內，發電機力矩與槳距角的控制重疊，但是，在此令Vc=Vd而不會重疊，是可以獨立執行發電機力矩的控制以及槳距角的控制。 Under the control of the pitch angle, the pitch angle is maintained at the small propeller side θmin until the wind speed Vc. In the range from the wind speed Vc to the cut Vout, the pitch angle is changed from the small propeller side θmin to the down direction corresponding to the wind speed. Up to Θmax on the paddle side. However, in the example of Figure 2, in the range from wind speed Vc to wind speed Vd, the generator torque and the pitch angle control overlap. However, let Vc=Vd instead of overlapping, so that the generator torque can be executed independently. The control and the control of the pitch angle.

圖3為表示本發明的實施例1中的風力發電裝置1的槳距角控制部的其中一例的概要之方塊圖。實施例1的槳距角控制裝置100係設在控制器12內，是利用旋轉速度控制部101、浮體振動控制部102、獨立槳距控制部103、限制器104~106、限制器控制部107、加法運算部108所構成。 3 is a block diagram showing the outline of an example of the pitch angle control unit of the wind turbine generator 1 in the first embodiment of the present invention. The pitch angle control device 100 of Embodiment 1 is installed in the controller 12, and uses the rotation speed control unit 101, the floating body vibration control unit 102, the independent pitch control unit 103, the limiters 104 to 106, and the limiter control unit. 107. The addition unit 108 is composed.

在旋轉速度控制部101，控制槳距角，使得已被輸入的旋轉速度保持在特定值。槳距角調整裝置10原本是為了在圖2所說明的旋轉速度控制所設置的，在槳距角控制所實施之複數個控制功能中特別是旋轉速度控制，基本上為優先度高的控制功能。特別是因為強風等，旋轉速度超過額定旋轉速度而過旋轉的話，會轉移到用於裝置保護的停機動作而無法繼續發電。在此，在旋轉速度到達額定旋轉速度以上的特定的閾值而過旋轉的情況下，迅速地控制槳距角而使轉子旋轉速度下降是至為重要的。而且，也在旋轉速度為閾值以下的情況下，在浮體12振動而機艙5往上風側大幅移動的情況下，葉片3的相對風速增大，轉速急上升而有變成過旋轉的可能性的緣故，抑制轉子旋轉速度之槳距角控制所致之對應是有必要。 In the rotation speed control unit 101, the pitch angle is controlled so that the input rotation speed is maintained at a specific value. The pitch angle adjusting device 10 was originally provided for the rotation speed control illustrated in FIG. 2. Among the plural control functions implemented by the pitch angle control, the rotation speed control is basically a control function with a higher priority. . In particular, if the rotation speed exceeds the rated rotation speed due to strong wind, etc., it will be transferred to the shutdown operation for device protection and cannot continue to generate electricity. Here, in the case where the rotation speed reaches a specific threshold value higher than the rated rotation speed and over-rotates, it is extremely important to quickly control the pitch angle to reduce the rotor rotation speed. Also, when the rotation speed is below the threshold value, when the floating body 12 vibrates and the nacelle 5 moves to the upwind side, the relative wind speed of the blades 3 increases, and the rotation speed rises sharply, which may cause excessive rotation. For this reason, it is necessary to suppress the response caused by the pitch angle control of the rotor rotation speed.

在浮體振動控制部102，輸入機艙傾斜角，控制槳距角，使得以減低機艙振動中起因於浮體振動的振動。在浮動式風力發電裝置中，因為浮體12的振動而葉片3的相對風速有變化，與其對應，施加到轉子4的推力也發生變化。因為該推力的變化，浮體更進一步振動，產生放大振動之負阻尼。在浮體振動控制中，控制槳距角，使推力變化在與浮體12的運動為反方向上，可以減低浮體12的振動。特別是浮體12的振動增大，振動幅度在特定的閾值以上的話，是為危險，有必要停止發電的緣故，如優先抑制振動那般，因槳距角控制所致之振動增大時的對應遂為重要。 In the floating body vibration control unit 102, the inclination angle of the nacelle is input, and the pitch angle is controlled so as to reduce the vibration caused by the floating body vibration in the nacelle vibration. In the floating wind power generation device, the relative wind speed of the blade 3 changes due to the vibration of the floating body 12, and accordingly, the thrust applied to the rotor 4 also changes. Because of the change in thrust, the floating body vibrates further, generating negative damping that amplifies the vibration. In the floating body vibration control, the pitch angle is controlled so that the thrust change is in the opposite direction to the movement of the floating body 12, so that the vibration of the floating body 12 can be reduced. Especially if the vibration of the floating body 12 increases and the vibration amplitude exceeds a certain threshold value, it is dangerous. It is necessary to stop the power generation, such as prioritizing vibration suppression, when the vibration increases due to pitch angle control Correspondence is therefore important.

在獨立槳距控制部103中，輸入轉子4的旋轉角度位置也就是方位角，使其同步到方位角來個別地控制複數個葉片的槳距角，來得以減低葉片的負載或是產生平擺方向的力。藉由獨立槳距控制的動作是沒有發電停止的情事的緣故，所以優先順序不高，但是，為了葉片負載減低等所致之裝置長壽命化，還是希望盡可能地動作。 In the independent pitch control unit 103, the rotation angle position of the rotor 4, which is the azimuth angle, is input, and it is synchronized to the azimuth angle to individually control the pitch angles of a plurality of blades, so as to reduce the load of the blades or produce a flat swing. Directional force. The operation by the independent pitch control is because there is no power generation stop, so the priority is not high. However, in order to increase the life of the device due to reduced blade load, etc., it is still desirable to operate as much as possible.

在限制器104用從限制器控制部107分別設定的極限值限定從旋轉速度控制部101所輸出的槳距角，在限制器105用從限制器控制部107分別設定的極限值限定從浮體振動控制部102所輸出的槳距角，而且在限制器106用從限制器控制部107分別設定的極限值限定從獨立槳距控制部103所輸出的槳距角，並各別地輸出已限制的值。 The limiter 104 limits the pitch angle output from the rotation speed control unit 101 with the limit value set separately from the limiter control unit 107, and the limit value separately set from the limiter control unit 107 limits the floating body The pitch angle output from the vibration control unit 102, and the limiter 106 limits the pitch angle output from the independent pitch control unit 103 with the limit value respectively set from the limiter control unit 107, and outputs the restricted ones separately Value.

在限制器控制部107中，從所輸入的發電電力、旋轉速度、機艙傾斜角，決定優先的控制功能。而且，一旦決定優先的控制功能，就根據從旋轉速度控制部101、浮體振動控制部102及獨立槳距控制部103所輸出的各槳距角的值，設定限制器104~106的極限值，來得以控制優先的控制功能的槳距動作與相逆的方向的動作。以如此的方式，可以使優先的控制功能確實動作。尚且，也可以決定平常優先的控制功能並使其動作，但是，會有讓其他的控制功能的動作變得不安定的可能性。希望是決定優先的控制功能係僅限定在有必要的期間，在通常則是各控制功能並聯動作。 In the limiter control unit 107, the priority control function is determined from the input power generation, rotation speed, and nacelle inclination angle. Moreover, once the priority control function is determined, the limit values of the limiters 104 to 106 are set based on the value of each pitch angle output from the rotation speed control unit 101, the floating body vibration control unit 102, and the independent pitch control unit 103 , To control the pitch action of the priority control function and the action in the opposite direction. In this way, the priority control function can be surely operated. Furthermore, it is possible to determine and operate the control function that is usually given priority, but there is a possibility that the operation of other control functions may become unstable. It is desirable that the control function that determines the priority is limited to only the necessary period, and usually the control functions operate in parallel.

在加法運算部108中，把從限制器104~106 輸出的槳距角予以相加，算出最終的槳距角目標值。 In the addition unit 108, the slave limiters 104 to 106 The output pitch angles are added together to calculate the final pitch angle target value.

以下，說明有關旋轉速度上升到額定旋轉速度以上的特定的閾值以上，旋轉速度控制中特別是優先減低旋轉速度為有必要的情況。 In the following, a description will be given of a case where the rotation speed has risen to a specific threshold or higher than the rated rotation speed, and it is particularly necessary to give priority to reducing the rotation speed in the rotation speed control.

在圖4，表示實施例1中的限制器104~106的輸出入的關係的其中一例。圖4的橫軸為輸入限制器的槳距角，縱軸為輸出限制器的槳距角。對槳距角指令的限制器的輸入從小槳側變更到順槳側的話，據此，輸出極限的槳距角指令也從小槳側變更到順槳側。但是，在所輸入的槳距角為一定以上或者是以下的情況下，設定極限使得在順槳側或者是小槳側不會輸出在其以上或者是其以下的槳距角。 FIG. 4 shows an example of the relationship between the input and output of the limiters 104 to 106 in the first embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 4 is the pitch angle of the input limiter, and the vertical axis is the pitch angle of the output limiter. If the input of the limiter for the pitch angle command is changed from the small propeller side to the feathered side, accordingly, the pitch angle command for the output limit is also changed from the small propeller side to the feathered side. However, when the input pitch angle is greater than or equal to a certain value or less than a certain value, the limit is set so that a pitch angle above or below it will not be output on the feathering side or the small propeller side.

本實施例中，在旋轉速度上升而優先減低旋轉速度控制的旋轉速度的情況下，關於旋轉速度控制以外的控制部，把小槳側極限值變更到順槳側，使得以限制妨礙減低旋轉速度之朝槳距角的小槳側的動作。此時的限制器105及限制器106的小槳側極限值，係分別設定在選擇了優先的控制功能的時點下的浮體振動控制部102及獨立槳距控制部103的槳距角。以如此的方式，浮體振動控制及獨立槳距控制的槳距角，係比起選擇了優先的控制功能的時點，更不會變化到小槳側，旋轉速度控制可以有效地動作而使旋轉速度迅速下降。 In this embodiment, when the rotation speed is increased and the rotation speed of the rotation speed control is lowered preferentially, the limit value of the small propeller side is changed to the feather side for the control unit other than the rotation speed control, so that the rotation speed is reduced by limiting the hindrance The movement towards the small oar side of the pitch angle. The small-pitch limit values of the limiter 105 and the limiter 106 at this time are the pitch angles of the floating body vibration control unit 102 and the independent pitch control unit 103 respectively set at the time when the priority control function is selected. In this way, the pitch angle of the floating body vibration control and the independent pitch control will not change to the small propeller side compared to the time when the priority control function is selected, and the rotation speed control can effectively operate to make the rotation. The speed drops rapidly.

在轉子的旋轉速度為特定的閾值以下的情況下，把限制器105及限制器106的小槳側極限值回復到通常時的值。亦即，朝優先執行槳距角控制部內的任意一個的控制功能的模式之變更，係在風力發電裝置的參數(例如風速、轉子旋轉速度、塔的振動、設置在機艙的加速度計的檢測值、已被連接的系統狀態、或者是這些的預兆的數值等)滿足了特定的條件的情況下產生，判斷參數為相同或者是相異的條件就回復到正常，停止優先執行任意一個的控制功能的模式，把槳距角控制的限制狀態回復到通常的狀態。 In the case where the rotation speed of the rotor is below a specific threshold value, the limiter 105 and the limiter 106 on the small propeller side limit value are returned to the normal Time value. That is, the change to the mode that prioritizes the execution of any one of the control functions in the pitch angle control unit depends on the parameters of the wind power generation device (such as wind speed, rotor rotation speed, tower vibration, and accelerometer installed in the nacelle). , The state of the connected system, or the value of these signs, etc.) is generated when the specific conditions are met, and the conditions are returned to normal if the parameters are the same or different, and the priority execution of any one of the control functions is stopped. The mode returns the limit state of the pitch angle control to the normal state.

圖5為表示實施例1中的發明效果之概要圖。圖5的橫軸表示時間，縱軸係從圖上方開始表示旋轉速度、旋轉速度控制槳距角、浮體振動控制槳距角、獨立槳距控制槳距角及槳距角目標值。而且，表示在圖5的旋轉速度、浮體振動控制槳距角、獨立槳距控制槳距角及槳距角目標值的虛線，為不適用本實施例的情況的結果，表示實線為適用了本實施例的情況的結果。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the invention in the first embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 5 represents time, and the vertical axis represents rotation speed, rotation speed control pitch angle, floating body vibration control pitch angle, independent pitch control pitch angle, and pitch angle target values from the top of the graph. In addition, the dotted lines representing the rotation speed, floating body vibration control pitch angle, independent pitch control pitch angle, and pitch angle target values in FIG. 5 are the results of the case where this embodiment is not applicable, and the solid line represents applicable The results of the case of this embodiment are shown.

圖5為因為風速的變化而旋轉速度急速上升之例，旋轉速度控制的槳距角係變化到順槳側而使旋轉速度減低。在不適用本實施例的情況下，即便旋轉速度上升中浮體振動控制或獨立槳距控制的槳距角也變化到小槳側的緣故，旋轉速度的減低延遲，而有過旋轉的可能性。 Fig. 5 shows an example of a rapid increase in the rotation speed due to a change in wind speed. The pitch angle of the rotation speed control is changed to the feathering side to reduce the rotation speed. In the case where this embodiment is not applicable, even if the pitch angle of the floating body vibration control or the independent pitch control changes to the small propeller side even when the rotation speed increases, the reduction of the rotation speed is delayed, and there is a possibility of over-rotation. .

相對於此，在適用了本實施例的情況下，在旋轉速度從超過閾值的T1到T2的期間，浮體振動控制或獨立槳距控制的槳距角之朝小槳側的變化被限制的緣故，旋轉速度迅速減低，可以迴避過旋轉。 On the other hand, when the present embodiment is applied, during the period from T1 to T2 that exceeds the threshold, the pitch angle of the floating body vibration control or the independent pitch control is limited to the small propeller. For this reason, the rotation speed is rapidly reduced, and the rotation can be avoided.

尚且，上述實施例中，把限制器105及限制器106的小槳側極限值作為在選擇了控制功能的時點下的各控制的槳距角，但是，在此，可以在比起各控制的槳距角所設定過的極限值更變化到順槳側的情況下進行更新，也可以設定成無關於各控制的槳距角之特定的值。而且在要限制的控制功能有複數個的情況下，也可以依照重要度設定相異的極限值。更進一步，作為限制器的功能不決定小槳側的極限值，在上述的控制期間的某段期間限制成固定值，也藉此，可以優先執行轉子旋轉速度減低的控制。但是該情況下，無法得到其他的控制偏往小槳時的轉子旋轉速度減低效果。 Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the small-paddle-side limit value of the limiter 105 and the limiter 106 is used as the pitch angle of each control at the time when the control function is selected. However, here, it can be compared with the The set limit value of the pitch angle is updated when it changes to the feathering side, and it can also be set to a specific value irrespective of the pitch angle of each control. Moreover, when there are multiple control functions to be restricted, different limit values can be set according to the importance. Furthermore, the function as a limiter does not determine the limit value on the small propeller side, but is limited to a fixed value during a certain period of the above-mentioned control period, and by this, the control for reducing the rotor rotation speed can be performed preferentially. However, in this case, no other effect of reducing the rotation speed of the rotor when the control is biased toward a small propeller cannot be obtained.

而且，如前述，即便在旋轉速度為閾值以下的情況下，浮體12振動而機艙5大幅運動在上風側的情況下，葉片3的相對風速增大，是有產生轉子的過旋轉的情況。為了對應該情況，葉片的旋轉速度即便在優先執行上述的旋轉速度減低之特定的第1旋轉速度以下的狀態下，因為超過特定的第2旋轉速度且往彎曲風力發電裝置的塔的方向的振動而往上風側的移動速度為特定以上的情況下，作為預防性優先執行的控制功能，可以限制其他的功能，選擇控制前述葉片的旋轉速度的功能，來使槳距角確實朝順槳側變化。 Moreover, as mentioned above, even when the rotating speed is below the threshold, if the floating body 12 vibrates and the nacelle 5 moves to the upwind side by a large margin, the relative wind speed of the blades 3 increases, which may cause over-rotation of the rotor. . In order to cope with the situation, even if the rotation speed of the blades is below the specific first rotation speed where the above-mentioned rotation speed reduction is performed preferentially, the rotation speed exceeds the specific second rotation speed and vibrates in the direction of bending the tower of the wind turbine generator. When the moving speed on the upwind side is higher than a certain level, as a preventive priority control function, other functions can be restricted, and the function of controlling the rotation speed of the aforementioned blades can be selected to make the pitch angle surely toward the feathering side. Variety.

[實施例2] [Example 2]

使用圖6至圖8，說明有關實施例2中的風力發電裝置。尚且，有關與實施例1重複的點，省略詳細的說明。 Use Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 to explain the wind force in the second embodiment Power generation device. In addition, detailed descriptions of points that overlap with those of the first embodiment are omitted.

圖6為表示本發明的實施例2中的浮動式風力發電裝置1的槳距角控制部的其中一例的概要之方塊圖。實施例2的槳距角控制裝置200係設在控制器12內，是利用旋轉速度控制部201、浮體振動控制部202、獨立槳距控制部203、增益部204~206、增益控制部207、加法運算部208、槳距角演算部所構成。 6 is a block diagram showing the outline of one example of the pitch angle control unit of the floating wind power generator 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention. The pitch angle control device 200 of the second embodiment is installed in the controller 12, and uses the rotation speed control section 201, the floating body vibration control section 202, the independent pitch control section 203, the gain sections 204 to 206, and the gain control section 207 , The addition unit 208, the pitch angle calculation unit.

旋轉速度控制部201、浮體振動控制部202及獨立槳距控制部203，係與實施例1的旋轉速度控制部101、浮體振動控制部102及獨立槳距控制部103之各個，其基本的功能為相同，但是，作為輸出的並不是槳距角而是輸出槳距角速度這一點是相異的。 The rotation speed control unit 201, the floating body vibration control unit 202, and the independent pitch control unit 203 are the same as the rotation speed control unit 101, the floating body vibration control unit 102 and the independent pitch control unit 103 of the first embodiment. The function is the same, but the output is not the pitch angle but the pitch angular velocity, which is different.

增益部204~206為分別是從旋轉速度控制部201、浮體振動控制部202及獨立槳距控制部203所輸出的槳距角速度的增益，分成與順槳側移動對應的順槳側增益Kfe、以及與小槳側移動對應的小槳側增益Kfi。各增益值係藉由增益控制部207來個別設定，通常皆設定為1(無增減)。 The gain sections 204 to 206 are the gains of the pitch angular velocity output from the rotation speed control section 201, the floating body vibration control section 202, and the independent pitch control section 203, respectively, and are divided into feathering side gains Kfe corresponding to feathering side movement , And the small paddle side gain Kfi corresponding to the small paddle side movement. Each gain value is individually set by the gain control unit 207, and is usually set to 1 (no increase or decrease).

在增益控制部207中，從輸入的發電電力、旋轉速度、機艙傾斜角來決定優先的控制功能，設定增益部204~206的增益值。此時，把優先的控制功能的槳距角速度與反方向的槳距角速度的增益，變更成比通常的值還小的值(<1)，藉此，可以限制與優先的控制功能相反的動作，可以將優先的控制功能確實動作。 In the gain control unit 207, priority control functions are determined from the input generated power, rotation speed, and nacelle inclination angle, and the gain values of the gain units 204 to 206 are set. At this time, change the gain of the pitch angular velocity of the priority control function and the pitch angular velocity in the opposite direction to a value smaller than the normal value (<1), thereby restricting the movement opposite to the priority control function. Operation, the priority control function can be operated reliably.

在加法運算部208中，把從增益部204~206輸出的槳距角速度予以相加。在槳距角演算部209中，把用加法運算部208相加出的槳距角速度予以積分並轉換成槳距角，輸出最終的槳距角目標值。 In the addition unit 208, the pitch angular velocities output from the gain units 204 to 206 are added. In the pitch angle calculation unit 209, the pitch angular velocity added by the addition unit 208 is integrated and converted into a pitch angle, and the final pitch angle target value is output.

以下，說明有關浮體振動的振幅增大到特定的閾值以上，變成有必要優先執行浮體振動控制的情況。 Hereinafter, a description will be given of a case where the amplitude of the floating body vibration increases above a specific threshold and it becomes necessary to perform the floating body vibration control with priority.

在圖7，表示實施例2中的增益部204及增益部206的輸出入的關係的其中一例。圖7的橫軸為增益的槳距角速度輸入，縱軸為增益的槳距角速度輸出，表示浮體振動控制的槳距角速度為順槳側的情況。在浮體振動增大而優先執行浮體振動控制的情況下，減低到增益部204及增益部206的小槳側增益Kfi比1還小，使得以限制妨礙其以外的控制部所致之浮體振動的減低之小槳方向的槳距角的動作。以如此的方式，可以抑制與浮體振動控制所致之槳距角的移動方向相反之旋轉速度控制及獨立槳距控制的槳距的移動，浮體振動控制可以有效地動作而使浮體振動迅速減低。 FIG. 7 shows an example of the relationship between the input and output of the gain section 204 and the gain section 206 in the second embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 7 is the gain pitch angular velocity input, and the vertical axis is the gain pitch angular velocity output, indicating that the pitch angular velocity of the floating body vibration control is on the feather side. When the floating body vibration is increased and the floating body vibration control is performed preferentially, the small paddle side gain Kfi of the gain section 204 and the gain section 206 is reduced to be smaller than 1, so as to limit the interference caused by the other control sections. The movement of the pitch angle in the direction of the small propeller to reduce body vibration. In this way, the rotation speed control and the pitch movement of the independent pitch control that are opposite to the movement direction of the pitch angle caused by the floating body vibration control can be suppressed, and the floating body vibration control can effectively operate to make the floating body vibrate. Decrease quickly.

圖8為表示實施例2中的發明效果之概要圖。圖8的橫軸表示時間，縱軸係從圖上方開始表示機艙傾斜角、浮體振動控制槳距角速度、旋轉速度控制槳距角速度、獨立槳距控制槳距角速度、槳距角速度加法運算值及槳距角目標值。而且，表示在圖8的機艙傾斜角、旋轉速度控制槳距角速度、獨立槳距控制槳距角速度、槳距角速度加法運算值及槳距角目標值的虛線，為不適用本實施例的情況的結果，表示實線為適用了本實施例的情況的結果。 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of the invention in the second embodiment. The horizontal axis of Figure 8 represents time, and the vertical axis represents the nacelle tilt angle, floating body vibration control pitch angular velocity, rotation speed control pitch angular velocity, independent pitch control pitch angular velocity, and pitch angular velocity addition calculation values from the top of the figure. Pitch angle target value. Moreover, it is shown in Figure 8 that the pitch angle of the nacelle, the rotation speed control pitch angular velocity, the independent pitch control pitch angular velocity, and the pitch angular velocity The dotted line of the degree addition value and the pitch angle target value is the result of the case where the present embodiment is not applied, and the solid line indicates the result of the case where the present embodiment is applied.

圖5為因為風速或波浪的變化而浮體振動急速增大之例，浮體振動控制的槳距角速度係與機艙傾斜角響應而使浮體振動減低。在不適用本實施例的情況下，是有旋轉速度控制或獨立槳距控制的槳距角速度進行與浮體振動控制的槳距角速度相反的動作的情況的緣故，所以浮體振動的減低延遲。 Figure 5 shows an example of the rapid increase in the vibration of the floating body due to changes in wind speed or waves. The pitch angular velocity of the floating body vibration control is in response to the inclination angle of the nacelle to reduce the floating body vibration. When this embodiment is not applied, it is because the pitch angular velocity of the rotation speed control or the independent pitch control performs an action opposite to the pitch angular velocity of the floating body vibration control, so the reduction of the floating body vibration is delayed.

相對於此，在適用了本實施例的情況下，在浮體振動的振幅超過閾值的T1以後，與旋轉速度控制或獨立槳距控制的槳距角速度的浮體振動控制的槳距角速度相反的變化被限制的緣故，可以迅速減低浮體振動。尚且，對各控制之增益值可以個別設定。在圖8的例子中，優先順序高的旋轉速度控制係把增益值設成1/2而防止動作的不安定化，優先順序低的動作為不安定的可能性低的獨立槳距控制的增益值係設定成0。 On the other hand, when the present embodiment is applied, after the amplitude of the floating body vibration exceeds the threshold T1, it is opposite to the pitch angular velocity of the floating body vibration control of the pitch angular velocity of the rotation speed control or the independent pitch control. Because the change is limited, the vibration of the floating body can be quickly reduced. Moreover, the gain value of each control can be set individually. In the example of Fig. 8, the rotation speed control with the higher priority is the gain value of 1/2 to prevent unstable operation, and the operation with the lower priority is the gain of the independent pitch control with low possibility of unstable The value is set to 0.

上述實施例中，記載著有關浮動式風力發電裝置，但是，本發明也可以適用陸上或著床式風力發電裝置。具體方面，即便是陸上或著床式，也有轉子的過旋轉或塔的彎曲所致之振動的課題，本發明是可以適用到這些的。而且，作為本發明的對象之控制功能係不限於上述實施例所記載者，只要是藉由槳距角控制所實現的控制功能，都可以適用本發明。更進一步，作為用於抑制槳距角的動作的輸出調整手段，是使用限制器或是增益部，但是，也可以使用除此以外的輸出調整手段。而且，也可以具備種類相異之複數個輸出調整手段，並同時使用這些，或是配合狀況來切換使用。 In the above-mentioned embodiment, the floating wind power generator is described, but the present invention can also be applied to land-based or implanted wind power generators. Specifically, even if it is land-based or implanted, there is a problem of vibration caused by the over-rotation of the rotor or the bending of the tower, and the present invention can be applied to these. Furthermore, the control function that is the object of the present invention is not limited to the one described in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the present invention can be applied as long as it is a control function realized by pitch angle control. Furthermore, as used to suppress the pitch angle The output adjustment means for the action of the spooler uses a limiter or a gain section, but other output adjustment means can also be used. Moreover, it is also possible to have a plurality of output adjustment means of different types, and use these at the same time, or switch between the use according to the situation.

本實施例不限定於上述的實施例，包含有各式各樣的變形例。例如，上述的實施例是為了容易理解說明本實施例而詳細地說明，未必是限定在具備所說明過之全部的構成者。又，也可以把某一實施例的構成的一部分置換到另一實施例的構成，還有，亦可在某一實施例的構成加上另一實施例的構成。又，有關各實施例的構成的一部分，是可以追加、刪除、置換其他的構成。 This embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-mentioned embodiment is explained in detail in order to facilitate the understanding and explanation of the present embodiment, and it is not necessarily limited to those having all the constitutions explained. In addition, a part of the configuration of a certain embodiment may be replaced with a configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add a configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of a certain embodiment. In addition, part of the configuration of each embodiment can be added, deleted, or replaced with other configurations.

100:槳距角控制裝置 100: Pitch angle control device

101:旋轉速度控制部 101: Rotation speed control unit

102:浮體振動控制部 102: Floating body vibration control unit

103:獨立槳距控制部 103: Independent pitch control unit

104~106:限制器 104~106: Limiter

107:限制器控制部 107: Limiter control section

108:加法運算部 108: Addition Department

Claims

一種風力發電裝置，具備：葉片，其係受風而旋轉；槳距角控制裝置，其係用複數個控制功能控制前述葉片的槳距角；以及輸出調整手段，其係針對前述槳距角控制裝置中的前述複數個控制功能進行輸出調整；其中，前述槳距角控制裝置，係根據風力發電裝置的狀態，選擇前述複數個控制功能中優先的控制功能；前述輸出調整手段，係除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能的任意一個以上的控制功能，限制槳距角輸出。 A wind power generation device includes: blades that are rotated by wind; a pitch angle control device that uses a plurality of control functions to control the pitch angle of the blade; and an output adjustment means that controls the pitch angle The aforementioned plurality of control functions in the device performs output adjustment; wherein, the aforementioned pitch angle control device selects the priority control function among the aforementioned plurality of control functions according to the state of the wind power generation device; the aforementioned output adjustment means is in addition to the aforementioned priority In addition to the control function, the pitch angle output is restricted for any one or more of the aforementioned plural control functions.

如請求項1的風力發電裝置，其中，前述輸出調整手段，係具備增益部或者是限制器中至少其中一方者。 A wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the output adjustment means is provided with at least one of a gain unit or a limiter.

如請求項1或2的風力發電裝置，其中，於前述複數個控制功能包含有控制前述葉片的旋轉速度的功能；前述槳距角控制裝置，係在前述葉片的旋轉速度超過了特定的第1旋轉速度的情況下，選擇控制前述葉片的旋轉速度的功能，作為前述優先的控制功能。 The wind power generation device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of control functions include the function of controlling the rotation speed of the blade; the pitch angle control device is attached to the rotation speed of the blade exceeding a specific first In the case of rotation speed, choose to control the rotation of the aforementioned blades The speed function is the priority control function mentioned above.

如請求項3的風力發電裝置，其中，在前述葉片的旋轉速度超過第1旋轉速度以下的第2旋轉速度且檢測到前述風力發電裝置之往上風側的特定以上的振動的情況下，選擇控制前述葉片的旋轉速度的功能，作為前述優先的控制功能。 The wind power generation device of claim 3, wherein, when the rotation speed of the blade exceeds a second rotation speed that is less than the first rotation speed and a specific or more vibration on the upwind side of the wind power generation device is detected, select The function of controlling the rotation speed of the aforementioned blades is the aforementioned priority control function.

如請求項1或2的風力發電裝置，其中，於前述複數個控制功能包含有抑制控制前述風力發電裝置的振動的功能；前述槳距角控制裝置，係在前述風力發電裝置的振動超過了特定值的情況下，選擇抑制控制前述風力發電裝置的振動的功能，作為前述優先的控制功能。 The wind power generation device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of control functions include a function of suppressing and controlling the vibration of the wind power generation device; the pitch angle control device is used when the vibration of the wind power generation device exceeds a specified value. In the case of the value, the function of suppressing and controlling the vibration of the wind turbine generator is selected as the priority control function.

如請求項2的風力發電裝置，其中，在前述輸出調整手段具備限制器的情況下，除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能中任一個以上的控制功能，變更順槳側或者是小槳側的槳距角極限。 A wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein, when the output adjustment means includes a limiter, in addition to the priority control function, any one or more control functions of the plurality of control functions are changed to the feathering side or It is the limit of the pitch angle on the side of the small propeller.

如請求項2的風力發電裝置，其中，在前述輸出調整手段具備增益部的情況下，除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能中任一個以上的控制功能，設定成比1還小的增益。 A wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein, in the case where the output adjustment means includes a gain unit, in addition to the prioritized control function, any one or more control functions of the plurality of control functions are set to be less than 1. Small gain.

如請求項1或2的風力發電裝置，其中，前述輸出調整手段，係除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能中任一個以上的控制功能，固定槳距角。 A wind power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the output adjustment means fixes the pitch angle for any one or more control functions among the plurality of control functions in addition to the priority control function.

如請求項2的風力發電裝置，其中，前述輸出調整手段，係除了前述優先的控制功能以外，對前述複數個控制功能中任2個以上的控制功能，設定相異的增益或者是相異的極限。 A wind power generation device according to claim 2, wherein, in addition to the prior control function, the output adjustment means is set to different gains or different control functions for any two or more of the aforementioned plural control functions limit.

如請求項1或2的風力發電裝置，其中，前述槳距角控制裝置，係在前述風力發電裝置的參數滿足了特定的條件的情況下，選擇前述複數個控制功能中優先的控制功能；前述槳距角控制裝置，係在前述風力發電裝置的參數滿足了其他的條件的情況下，解除前述複數個控制功能中優先的控制功能的選擇。 The wind power generation device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the aforementioned pitch angle control device selects the control function that has priority among the aforementioned plurality of control functions when the parameters of the aforementioned wind power generation device meet specific conditions; The pitch angle control device cancels the selection of the control function that has priority among the plurality of control functions when the parameters of the wind turbine generator satisfy other conditions.