TWI678676B - Communication device, metering system and power outage notification method - Google Patents

Communication device, metering system and power outage notification method Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI678676B
TWI678676B TW107101410A TW107101410A TWI678676B TW I678676 B TWI678676 B TW I678676B TW 107101410 A TW107101410 A TW 107101410A TW 107101410 A TW107101410 A TW 107101410A TW I678676 B TWI678676 B TW I678676B
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Taiwan
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power
power outage
time
notification
outage
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TW107101410A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201828226A (en
Inventor
川端孝史
Takashi Kawabata
黒澤怜志
Satoshi Kurosawa
金子直樹
Naoki Kaneko
武曽徹
Toru MUSO
古田裕久
Hirohisa Furuta
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日商三菱電機股份有限公司
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本發明之通信裝置(16)，具備：控制部(12)，係從測出發生停電起，經過屬於隨機決定之時間的第一時間之後，產生用以表示發生了停電之停電通知；以及通信部(11)，係發送停電通知；且第一時間的最小值為0秒。 The communication device (16) of the present invention includes a control unit (12) that generates a power outage notification indicating that a power outage has occurred after the first time that is a randomly determined time has elapsed since a power outage was detected; and communication Department (11) sends a power outage notification; and the minimum value of the first time is 0 seconds.

Description

通信裝置、檢測系統及停電通知方法    Communication device, detection system and power failure notification method   

本發明係有關搭載於智慧型電錶之通信裝置、檢測系統及停電通知方法。 The invention relates to a communication device, a detection system and a power failure notification method mounted on a smart meter.

搭載於智慧型電錶(smart meter)之屬於通信裝置的通信單元藉由所謂的多點跳躍(multi hop)無線方式而以斗鏈式(bucket bridage)將資料予以中繼。為了實現中繼功能，各通信單元藉由週期性地更換控制訊息而掌握朝往成為主站之集中器(concentrator)的路徑，並保持著顯示朝往集中器之路徑的路徑資訊。作為多點跳躍無線方式中的路徑控制協定，舉其一例係使用依據IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force；網際網路工程任務編組)而標準化之RPL(IPv6(Internet Protocol version 6)Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Network，低耗功有損網路路由協定)。 A communication unit belonging to a communication device mounted on a smart meter uses a so-called multi-hop wireless method to relay data in a bucket bridage. In order to implement the relay function, each communication unit grasps the path toward the concentrator that becomes the master by periodically changing the control message, and keeps displaying the path information of the path toward the concentrator. As a path control protocol in a multi-point hopping wireless method, for example, an RPL (IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) Routing Protocol for Low power and RIP) standardized according to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is used. Lossy Network, a low power consumption loss network routing protocol).

在多點跳躍無線方式上，各通信單元必須將其他的通信單元的通信予以中繼。因此，各通信單元在判斷為在除了自本身發送資料的時間以外的時間從其他通 信單元接收資料並必須轉送所接收的資料時，會將所接收的資料轉送至下一個通信單元。因此，多點跳躍無線方式中的通信單元，係無法如其他無線通信方式中的通信裝置那般地休眠等待直到本身發送下一個資料的時間。 In the multi-point hopping wireless method, each communication unit must relay the communication of other communication units. Therefore, each communication unit forwards the received data to the next communication unit when it is judged that it has received data from another communication unit at a time other than the time when the data was transmitted from itself and must transfer the received data. Therefore, the communication unit in the multi-point hopping wireless method cannot sleep and wait until the next data itself is transmitted as the communication device in other wireless communication methods.

再者，具有智慧型電錶的檢測系統(註1：檢測系統，原文為「檢針系統」metering system，表示將含於系統中之各類度量儀表之指針讀數檢查彙整供控制管之用，本文中稱為檢測系統)會有將發生停電及復電的情事通知停電管理系統(OMS(Outage Management System))的情形。此情形下，停電及復電的通信係藉由上述的多點跳躍無線方式來轉送。以下記載的專利文獻1揭示有使用多點跳躍無線方式之檢測系統中的停電通知的轉送方法。 In addition, the detection system with smart meters (Note 1: The detection system, the original "needle detection system" metering system, indicates that the pointer readings of various measuring instruments included in the system are checked for the control tube. This article It is sometimes referred to as a detection system) to notify the outage management system (OMS) of a power outage and resumption. In this case, the communication between power failure and power restoration is transmitted by the above-mentioned multi-point hopping wireless method. Patent Document 1 described below discloses a method for transmitting a power outage notification in a detection system using a multi-point hopping wireless system.

(先前技術文獻)     (Prior technical literature)     (專利文獻)     (Patent Literature)    

專利文獻1：美國發明專利申請案公開第2014/0085105號說明書 Patent Document 1: US Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0085105

由於無法預測停電何時會發生，所以無法事先將來自於各通信單元之停電通知的發送時序予以排程。當在某地區發生停電，該地區內的多數的通信單元就會一齊發送停電通知。當多數的通信單元一齊發送停電通知時，就會有因發送時間重疊而造成封包擁塞，而使停電 通知無法於各通信單元或集中器(concentrator)被正確地接收的情形。此情形下，停電通知無法到達集中器，檢測系統無法將停電通知給停電管理系統。特別是，在瞬間的停電持續發生複數次時，每當停電即會發送停電通知，會有產生明顯的擁塞的可能。 Because it is impossible to predict when a power outage will occur, it is not possible to schedule the sending sequence of the power outage notification from each communication unit in advance. When a power outage occurs in a certain area, most communication units in the area will send out a power outage notification together. When most communication units send a power outage notification at the same time, packet congestion may occur due to overlapping transmission times, and the power outage notification may not be correctly received by each communication unit or concentrator. In this case, the power failure notification cannot reach the concentrator, and the detection system cannot notify the power failure management system. In particular, when an instantaneous power outage continues to occur multiple times, a power outage notification will be sent whenever there is a power outage, and there may be significant congestion.

本發明即是鑒於上述課題而完成者，目的在於獲得能夠抑制停電通知之擁塞的通信裝置。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a communication device capable of suppressing congestion in a power outage notification.

為解決上述課題而達成目的，本發明之通信裝置，係具有：控制部，係從測出停電的發生之後起，經過屬於隨機決定之時間的第一時間之後，產生用以表示發生了停電之停電通知；以及通信部，係發送停電通知；第一時間的最小值為0秒。 In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the communication device of the present invention includes a control unit that generates a signal indicating that a power outage has occurred after the first time that is a randomly determined time has elapsed since the occurrence of the power outage. The power failure notice; and the communication department sends a power failure notice; the minimum value of the first time is 0 seconds.

本發明之通信裝置可達成能夠抑制停電通知之擁塞的效果。 The communication device of the present invention can achieve the effect of suppressing congestion in a power outage notification.

1、1-1至1-18‧‧‧智慧型電錶 1.1-1 to 1-18‧‧‧ smart meters

2、2-1、2-2‧‧‧集中器 2, 2-1, 2-2 ‧‧‧ concentrator

3‧‧‧頭端系統 3‧‧‧ head-end system

4‧‧‧電錶資料管理系統 4‧‧‧ electricity meter data management system

5‧‧‧停電管理系統 5‧‧‧ Power Outage Management System

6‧‧‧IP網路 6‧‧‧IP Network

7-1至7-3‧‧‧變壓器 7-1 to 7-3‧‧‧ transformer

8-1至8-3‧‧‧區域 8-1 to 8-3‧‧‧ area

9‧‧‧檢測系統 9‧‧‧ Detection System

11、21、31、41‧‧‧通信部 11, 21, 31, 41‧‧‧ Ministry of Communications

12、22、32‧‧‧控制部 12, 22, 32‧‧‧ Control Department

13‧‧‧電池 13‧‧‧ Battery

14‧‧‧計量部 14‧‧‧ Metrology Department

15‧‧‧切換器 15‧‧‧Switcher

16‧‧‧通信裝置 16‧‧‧communication device

42‧‧‧計測資料管理部 42‧‧‧Measurement data management department

43‧‧‧停電管理部 43‧‧‧Power Outage Management Department

100‧‧‧負載 100‧‧‧ load

101‧‧‧系統電源 101‧‧‧System Power

200‧‧‧控制電路 200‧‧‧Control circuit

201‧‧‧處理器 201‧‧‧ processor

202‧‧‧記憶體 202‧‧‧Memory

500‧‧‧高壓配電線 500‧‧‧High-voltage power distribution line

第1圖係顯示實施形態1之檢測系統之構成例的圖。 Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a detection system according to the first embodiment.

第2圖係顯示實施形態1之智慧型電錶之構成例的圖。 Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a smart meter according to the first embodiment.

第3圖係顯示實施形態1之控制電路之構成例的圖。 Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a control circuit according to the first embodiment.

第4圖係顯示實施形態1之集中器之構成例的圖。 Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a concentrator according to the first embodiment.

第5圖係顯示實施形態1之頭端系統之構成例的圖。 Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the head-end system of the first embodiment.

第6圖係顯示實施形態1之電錶資料管理系統之構成 例的圖。 Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a meter data management system according to the first embodiment.

第7圖係顯示實施形態1之因變壓器發生故障而在區域發生停電之狀態的圖。 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state where a power failure occurs in a region due to a transformer failure in Embodiment 1. FIG.

第8圖係顯示實施形態1之智慧型電錶的停電通知處理之一例的流程圖。 FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a blackout notification process of the smart meter according to the first embodiment.

第9圖係顯示實施形態1之停電通知處理之效果的圖。 Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the power failure notification process in the first embodiment.

第10圖係顯示實施形態1之智慧型電錶的復電通知處理之一例的流程圖。 FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a power-return notification process of the smart meter according to the first embodiment.

第11圖係顯示實施形態1之復電通知處理之效果的圖。 Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the effect of the resumption notification process in the first embodiment.

第12圖係顯示實施形態1之檢測系統的停電及復電時之動作之一例的流程圖。 FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the detection system according to the first embodiment in the case of power failure and power restoration.

第13圖係顯示實施形態1之智慧型電錶及電錶管理系統所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。 FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification by the smart meter and the meter management system according to the first embodiment.

第14圖係顯示實施形態1之智慧型電錶及電錶管理系統所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。 FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification by the smart meter and the meter management system of the first embodiment.

第15圖係顯示實施形態1之智慧型電錶及電錶管理系統所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。 FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification by the smart meter and the meter management system according to the first embodiment.

第16圖係顯示實施形態2之智慧型電錶的停電通知處理之一例的流程圖。 FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of a blackout notification process of the smart meter according to the second embodiment.

第17圖係顯示實施形態2之智慧型電錶的復電通知處理之一例的流程圖。 FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the power-on notification processing of the smart meter according to the second embodiment.

第18圖係顯示實施形態2之智慧型電錶及電錶管理系統所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。 FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification performed by the smart meter and the meter management system according to the second embodiment.

第19圖係顯示實施形態2之智慧型電錶及電錶管理系統所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。 FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification performed by the smart meter and the meter management system according to the second embodiment.

第20圖係顯示實施形態2之智慧型電錶及電錶管理系統所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。 FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification by the smart meter and the meter management system of the second embodiment.

第21圖係顯示實施形態3之儲存於停電通知之資訊之一例的圖。 Fig. 21 is a diagram showing an example of information stored in a power outage notification in the third embodiment.

第22圖係顯示實施形態3之電錶管理系統之停電管理部之過濾處理順序之一例的流程圖。 FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing an example of a filtering process procedure of a power failure management section of the electricity meter management system according to the third embodiment.

第23圖係顯示實施形態3之檢測系統之動作例的時間圖。 Fig. 23 is a timing chart showing an operation example of the detection system of the third embodiment.

第24圖係顯示實施形態3之檢測系統之動作例的時間圖。 Fig. 24 is a timing chart showing an operation example of the detection system of the third embodiment.

第25圖係顯示實施形態3之檢測系統之動作例的時間圖。 Fig. 25 is a timing chart showing an operation example of the detection system of the third embodiment.

第26圖係顯示實施形態3之電錶管理系統接收到的資訊之一例的圖。 FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of information received by the meter management system according to the third embodiment.

以下，依據圖式來詳細說明本發明之實施形態之通信裝置、檢測系統及停電通知方法。此外，並非以此實施形態來限定本發明。 Hereinafter, the communication device, the detection system, and the power failure notification method according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment.

實施形態1 Embodiment 1

第1圖係顯示本發明實施形態1之檢測系統之構成例的圖。如第1圖所示，本實施形態之檢測系統9具備：智慧型電錶1-1至1-18、集中器2-1、2-2、頭端系統(Head End System)3、及電錶資料管理系統(MDMS(Meter Data Management System))4。檢測系統9係透過配電線而用以自動計測供應給家庭、辦公場所等之電力的使用量的系統。再者，檢測系統9也可管理從家庭及辦公場所的發電機供應至配電線的電量。 Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a detection system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the detection system 9 of this embodiment includes: smart meters 1-1 to 1-18, concentrators 2-1, 2-2, head end system 3, and meter data Management system (MDMS (Meter Data Management System)) 4. The detection system 9 is a system for automatically measuring the amount of electric power supplied to homes, offices, and the like through a power distribution line. Furthermore, the detection system 9 can also manage the amount of power supplied to the power distribution lines from generators in homes and offices.

屬於柱上變壓器的變壓器7-1至7-3連接於變電所等所連接之屬於配電線的高壓配電線500。變壓器7-1至7-3係轉變高壓配電線500所供應之電力的電壓而將電壓轉換後的電力供應至未圖示的低壓配電線。第1圖所示的例子中，從變壓器7-1透過低壓配電線而將電力供應給區域8-1，從變壓器7-2透過低壓配電線而將電力供應給區域8-2，從變壓器7-3透過低壓配電線而將電力供應給區域8-3。 Transformers 7-1 to 7-3 belonging to the on-column transformer are connected to a high-voltage power distribution line 500 that is a distribution line connected to a substation or the like. The transformers 7-1 to 7-3 convert the voltage of the power supplied by the high-voltage power distribution line 500 and supply the converted power to a low-voltage power distribution line (not shown). In the example shown in FIG. 1, power is supplied to the area 8-1 from the transformer 7-1 through the low-voltage power distribution line, and power is supplied to the area 8-2 from the transformer 7-2 through the low-voltage power distribution line. -3 Supply power to area 8-3 through low-voltage distribution lines.

以下，在以不區別智慧型電錶1-1至1-18的方式來表示時係記載為智慧型電錶1，以不區別集中器2-1、2-2的方式來表示時係記載為集中器2。同樣地，以不區別變壓器7-1至7-3的方式來表示時係記載為變壓器7，以不區別區域8-1至8-3的方式來表示時係記載為區域8。 In the following, the time series will be described as smart meter 1 without distinguishing the smart meters 1-1 to 1-18, and the time series will be described as centralized without distinguishing the concentrators 2-1 and 2-2.器 2。 2. Similarly, the time series is described as the transformer 7 without distinguishing the transformers 7-1 to 7-3, and the time series is described as the zone 8 without distinguishing the regions 8-1 to 8-3.

第1圖所示的例子中，智慧型電錶1-1至1-5係設置於區域8-1內，智慧型電錶1-6至1-14係設置於區域8-2內，智慧型電錶1-15至1-18係設置於區域8-3內。智慧型電錶1-1至1-18係設置於家庭、辦公場所等，計測家庭、辦公場所等之電力的使用量，並將計量結果朝 往對應的主站亦即集中器2發送。智慧型電錶1-1至1-18設定有分別對應之成為主站之集中器2。第1圖所示的例子中，集口器2-1係智慧型電錶1-1至1-5的主站，集中器2-2係智慧型電錶1-6至1-18的主站。 In the example shown in Figure 1, smart meters 1-1 to 1-5 are located in area 8-1, and smart meters 1-6 to 1-14 are located in area 8-2. Smart meters 1-15 to 1-18 are located in zone 8-3. The smart meters 1-1 to 1-18 are installed in homes, offices, etc., and measure the power consumption of the homes, offices, etc., and send the measurement results to the corresponding master station, which is the concentrator 2. The smart meters 1-1 to 1-18 are respectively provided with concentrators 2 which become master stations. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the concentrator 2-1 is the master station of the smart meters 1-1 to 1-5, and the concentrator 2-2 is the master station of the smart meters 1-6 to 1-18.

集中器2及智慧型電錶1-1至1-18係藉由無線多點跳躍方式進行通信。集中器2及智慧型電錶1-1至1-18依照路徑控制協定而週期性地更換控制訊息，並保持路徑資訊。路徑控制協定之例為RPL。具體而言，各智慧型電錶1所保持的路徑資訊中儲存有顯示朝往主站之路徑上的下一個智慧型電錶1或屬於主站之集中器2的資訊。以下，將朝往主站之路徑上的下一個智慧型電錶1或集中器2簡稱為下一個節點。 Concentrator 2 and smart meters 1-1 to 1-18 communicate via wireless multi-point hopping. The concentrator 2 and the smart meters 1-1 to 1-18 periodically change the control information according to the path control protocol and maintain the path information. An example of a route control protocol is RPL. Specifically, the path information held by each smart meter 1 stores information showing the next smart meter 1 on the path toward the master station or the concentrator 2 belonging to the master station. In the following, the next smart meter 1 or concentrator 2 on the path to the master station will be referred to as the next node for short.

智慧型電錶1-1至1-18將本身計測到的計量結果朝往對應的集中器2發送。智慧型電錶1朝往主站亦即集中器2發送資料的情形，具體上乃指依據各智慧型電錶1所保持的路徑資訊，對下一個節點發送資料之意。各智慧型電錶1一旦從其他的智慧型電錶1接收到資料，在所接收到的資料為以主站為目的地的資料時，依據本身所保持的路徑資訊將資料轉送至下一個節點。此轉送係藉由路徑上的各智慧型電錶1而依序進行直到資料到達主站為止。 The smart meters 1-1 to 1-18 send the measurement results measured by themselves to the corresponding concentrator 2. The situation in which the smart meter 1 sends data to the master station, that is, the concentrator 2, specifically refers to the meaning of sending data to the next node according to the path information maintained by each smart meter 1. Once each smart meter 1 receives data from other smart meters 1, when the received data is data with the master station as the destination, the data is transferred to the next node according to the path information maintained by itself. This transfer is performed sequentially by each smart meter 1 on the path until the data reaches the master station.

第1圖中，以箭頭表示從區域8-2內的智慧型電錶1-6、1-10、1-11、1-14朝集中器2-2發送計量結果時的路徑。例如從智慧型電錶1-6發送的計量結果經由智 慧型電錶1-7及智慧型電錶1-8而到達集中器2-2。 In FIG. 1, the path when the measurement results are transmitted from the smart meters 1-6, 1-10, 1-11, and 1-14 in the area 8-2 to the concentrator 2-2 is indicated by arrows. For example, the measurement results sent from the smart meter 1-6 reach the concentrator 2-2 via the smart meter 1-7 and the smart meter 1-8.

集中器2將從智慧型電錶1接收的計量結果予以匯集，並經由IP(Internet Protocol；網際網路協定)網路(IP network)6發送至頭端系統3。藉此，透過頭端系統3而使計量結果被電錶資料管理系統4接收。第1圖中雖然顯示集中器2經由IP網路6而將經匯集的計量結果發送至頭端系統3的例子，然而集中器2與頭端系統3之間的通信路徑並不限定於第1圖所示的例子。 The concentrator 2 collects the measurement results received from the smart meter 1 and sends them to the head-end system 3 via an IP (Internet Protocol) network (IP network) 6. Thereby, the measurement result is received by the meter data management system 4 through the head-end system 3. Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the concentrator 2 sends the aggregated measurement results to the head-end system 3 via the IP network 6, the communication path between the concentrator 2 and the head-end system 3 is not limited to the first. The example shown in the figure.

此外，於各智慧型電錶1，除了設定有在通常時作為主站的集中器2之外，也可設定有一個以上的集中器2作為副的主站。例如，智慧型電錶1-6於通常時將集中器2-2作為主站來進行通信，然而於集中器2-2發生故障時等情形，係將集中器2-1作為主站來進行通信。 In addition, in each smart meter 1, in addition to the concentrator 2 which is set as a master station in normal time, one or more concentrators 2 may be set as sub-master stations. For example, the smart meter 1-6 normally uses the concentrator 2-2 as the master station for communication, but when the concentrator 2-2 fails, etc., it uses the concentrator 2-1 as the master station for communication. .

在此係說明使用無線多點跳躍方式的例子，然而也可使用以電力線通信進行之多點跳躍方式。 Here, an example of using a wireless multi-point hopping method is described. However, a multi-point hopping method using power line communication may be used.

頭端系統3從各集中器2收集計量結果，將收集到的計量結果發送至電錶資料管理系統4。電錶資料管理系統4管理從頭端系統3接收到的計量結果。 The head-end system 3 collects the measurement results from each concentrator 2 and sends the collected measurement results to the meter data management system 4. The meter data management system 4 manages the measurement results received from the head-end system 3.

此外，第1圖係顯示18台智慧型電錶1、2台集中器2，然而構成本實施形態之檢測系統9之智慧型電錶1及集中器2的個數不限定於此例子。再者，與各變壓器對應的區域內的智慧型電錶的個數也不限定於第1圖所圖示的例子。 In addition, the first figure shows 18 smart meters 1 and 2 concentrators 2, but the number of smart meters 1 and concentrators 2 constituting the detection system 9 of this embodiment is not limited to this example. Furthermore, the number of smart meters in the area corresponding to each transformer is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1.

本實施形態之檢測系統9藉由智慧型電錶1 測出停電時，將發生停電的情事通知給停電管理系統(OMS)5。此外，本實施形態之檢測系統9藉由智慧型電錶1測出復電時，將發生復電的情事通知給停電管理系統(OMS)5。本實施形態之檢測系統9之停電及復電的通知方法將於後述。 In the detection system 9 of this embodiment, when a power outage is detected by the smart meter 1, the power outage management system (OMS) 5 is notified of the occurrence of the power outage. In addition, the detection system 9 of the present embodiment notifies the power failure management system (OMS) 5 of the occurrence of the resumption of power when the smart meter 1 detects the resumption of power. The method of notifying the power outage and resumption of power in the detection system 9 of this embodiment will be described later.

接著，說明構成本實施形態之檢測系統9之各裝置的構成例。第2圖係顯示實施形態之智慧型電錶1之構成例的圖。如第2圖所示，智慧型電錶1具備：通信裝置16、電池13、計量部14及切換器15。通信裝置16具備通信部11及控制部12。通信裝置16係搭載於計量使用電量之屬於檢測裝置的智慧型電錶1，而將藉由智慧型電錶1所計量到的計量結果予以發送的通信裝置。 Next, a configuration example of each device constituting the detection system 9 of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the smart meter 1 according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the smart meter 1 includes a communication device 16, a battery 13, a measurement unit 14, and a switch 15. The communication device 16 includes a communication unit 11 and a control unit 12. The communication device 16 is a communication device that is mounted on the smart meter 1 belonging to the detection device that measures the amount of power used, and transmits the measurement result measured by the smart meter 1.

通信部11係以天線及通信電路來構成。通信部11係發送機且為接收機。 The communication unit 11 is configured by an antenna and a communication circuit. The communication unit 11 is a transmitter and a receiver.

計量部14與連接於低壓配電線之系統電源101連接，並且與家庭或辨公場所等的負載100連接，計量家庭或辨公場所等使用的電量，而將計量結果通知給控制部12。再者，計量部14檢測系統電源101之停電及復電，將停電及復電通知給控制部12。 The measurement unit 14 is connected to a system power source 101 connected to a low-voltage power distribution line, and is connected to a load 100 such as a home or a public office, and measures the amount of power used in the home or a public office. In addition, the measurement unit 14 detects a power outage and restoration of the system power supply 101 and notifies the control unit 12 of the power outage and restoration.

控制部12透過通信部11而實施依照路徑控制協定的處理，保持路徑資訊，該路徑資訊係有關對於屬於主站的集中器2的路徑。此外，控制部12依據從計量部14接收到的計量結果，透過通信部11而往屬於主站的集中器2發送。再者，控制部12在從計量部14被通知停電 時，實施後述的停電通知處理。此外，控制部12從計量部14被通知復電時，實施後述的復電通知處理。 The control unit 12 performs processing according to the route control protocol through the communication unit 11 and maintains route information related to the route to the concentrator 2 belonging to the master station. In addition, the control unit 12 transmits the measurement result received from the measurement unit 14 to the concentrator 2 belonging to the master station through the communication unit 11. When the control unit 12 is notified of a power outage from the metering unit 14, it executes a power outage notification process described later. In addition, when the control unit 12 is notified of the resumption of power from the measurement unit 14, it executes a resumption of power notification process described later.

電池13係蓄電裝置。電池13的一例為所謂超級電容器之雙電層電容器，然而電池13不限定於此。切換器15係透過計量部14而與系統電源101連接並且連接於電池13。切換器15依據來自於控制部12的指示而切換將電力供應至通信部11及控制部12的電源。 The battery 13 is a power storage device. An example of the battery 13 is an electric double layer capacitor called a super capacitor, but the battery 13 is not limited to this. The switcher 15 is connected to the system power source 101 through the measurement unit 14 and is connected to the battery 13. The switcher 15 switches a power source that supplies power to the communication unit 11 and the control unit 12 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 12.

控制部12藉由處理電路來實現。此處理電路可為屬於專用的硬體之處理電路，也可為具備處理器的控制電路。為屬於專用的硬體時，處理電路為例如單一電路、複合電路、經程式化的處理器、經並列程式化的處理器、ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit；特定應用積體電路)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array；現場可程式閘陣列)，或組合此等硬體而成者。 The control unit 12 is implemented by a processing circuit. This processing circuit may be a processing circuit belonging to dedicated hardware, or a control circuit having a processor. When it is dedicated hardware, the processing circuit is, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or a combination of these hardware.

在實現控制部12之處理電路係以具備處理器之控制電路來實現時，此控制電路例如為第3圖所示之構成的控制電路200。第3圖係顯示本實施形態之控制電路200之構成例的圖。控制電路200具備處理器201及記憶體202。處理器為CPU(Central Processing Unit，也稱為中央處理裝置、處理裝置、運算裝置、微處理器、微電腦、處理器、DSP(Digital Signal Processor，數位信號處理器))等。記憶體適合為RAM(Random Access Memory，隨機存取記憶體)、ROM(Read Only Memory，唯讀記憶體)、快閃記憶體、EPROM(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory；可抹除可程式化唯讀記憶體)、EEPROM(註冊商標)(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory；電子式可清除可程式化唯讀記憶體)等非揮發性或揮發性半導體記憶體等。 When the processing circuit of the implementation control unit 12 is implemented by a control circuit including a processor, this control circuit is, for example, the control circuit 200 configured as shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a control circuit 200 according to this embodiment. The control circuit 200 includes a processor 201 and a memory 202. The processor is a CPU (Central Processing Unit, also referred to as a central processing device, a processing device, a computing device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, a processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor)) and the like. The memory is suitable for RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory); Memory), EEPROM (registered trademark) (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory; non-volatile or volatile semiconductor memory).

實現控制部12之處理電路為具備處理器之控制電路200時，處理器201係藉由讀出記憶體202所記憶之程式並予以執行來實現，該程式係記述有控制部12之處理。此外，記憶體202也作為處理器201實施之各處理的暫時記憶體來使用。 When the processing circuit implementing the control unit 12 is the control circuit 200 provided with a processor, the processor 201 is realized by reading and executing a program stored in the memory 202, and the program describes the processing of the control unit 12. The memory 202 is also used as a temporary memory for each process performed by the processor 201.

第4圖係顯示本實施形態之集中器2之構成例的圖。如第4圖所示，集中器2具備通信部21及控制部22。通信部21能夠在與智慧型電錶1之間進行無線通信，並且能夠透過IP網路6而與頭端系統3進行通信。通信部21係以天線及通信電路構成。通信部21為發送機且為接收機。此外，在第4圖中雖然未圖示，然而集中器2也可具有電池等備份電源。集中器2具有的備份電源的容量比智慧型電錶1具有的電池13的容量大很多，即使在設置有集中器2的區域發生系統電源的停電時，也比智慧型電錶1還能夠進行充分長時間的動作。 Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the concentrator 2 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the concentrator 2 includes a communication unit 21 and a control unit 22. The communication unit 21 can perform wireless communication with the smart meter 1 and can communicate with the head-end system 3 through the IP network 6. The communication unit 21 is configured by an antenna and a communication circuit. The communication unit 21 is a transmitter and a receiver. Although not shown in FIG. 4, the concentrator 2 may include a backup power source such as a battery. The capacity of the backup power source of the concentrator 2 is much larger than the capacity of the battery 13 of the smart meter 1, and even in the area where the concentrator 2 is installed, the power supply is longer than the smart meter 1 The action of time.

控制部22透過通信部21而在與智慧型電錶1之間實施依照了路徑控制協定的處理，並保持與往智慧型電錶1之路徑相關的路徑資訊。此外，當控制部透過通信部21而從智慧型電錶1接收計量結果時，就會將複數個智慧型電錶1的計量結果予以匯集，並透過通信部21 而往頭端系統3發送。再者，控制部22透過通信部21而從智慧型電錶1接收到停電通知(PON(Power Outage Notification))時，將停電通知予以匯集並透過通信部21而往頭端系統3發送。此外，控制部22透過通信部21而從智慧型電錶1接收到復電通知(PRN(Power Restoration Notification))時，將復電通知予以匯集並透過通信部21而往頭端系統3發送。有關停電通知及復電通知的匯集將於後述。 The control unit 22 performs processing in accordance with the route control protocol with the smart meter 1 through the communication unit 21 and maintains route information related to the route to the smart meter 1. In addition, when the control section receives the measurement results from the smart meter 1 through the communication section 21, the control section will collect the measurement results of the plurality of smart meters 1 and send them to the head-end system 3 through the communication section 21. When the control unit 22 receives a power outage notification (PON (Power Outage Notification)) from the smart meter 1 through the communication unit 21, the control unit 22 collects the power outage notification and sends it to the head-end system 3 through the communication unit 21. In addition, when the control unit 22 receives a power restoration notification (PRN (Power Restoration Notification)) from the smart meter 1 through the communication unit 21, the control unit 22 collects the power restoration notification and sends it to the headend system 3 through the communication unit 21. The collection of notices of blackouts and resumption of power will be described later.

控制部22藉由處理電路來實現。此處理電路與智慧型電錶1之控制部12同樣可為屬於專用的硬體之處理電路，也可為具備處理器的控制電路。具備處理器的控制電路為例如上述第4圖所示的控制電路200。實現控制部22之處理電路為具備處理器之控制電路200時，處理器201係藉由讀出記憶體202所記憶之程式並予以執行來實現，而該程式係記述有控制部22之處理。此外，記憶體202也作為處理器201實施之各處理的暫時記憶體來使用。 The control unit 22 is implemented by a processing circuit. This processing circuit, like the control unit 12 of the smart meter 1, may be a processing circuit belonging to dedicated hardware or a control circuit including a processor. The control circuit including the processor is, for example, the control circuit 200 shown in FIG. 4 described above. When the processing circuit implementing the control unit 22 is the control circuit 200 provided with a processor, the processor 201 is realized by reading and executing a program stored in the memory 202, and the program describes the processing of the control unit 22. The memory 202 is also used as a temporary memory for each process performed by the processor 201.

第4圖係顯示本實施形態之頭端系統3之構成例的圖。如第5圖所示，頭端系統3具備通信部31及控制部32。通信部31透過IP網路6而能夠在與集中器2之間進行通信，並且能夠與電錶資料管理系統4進行通信。通信部31係通信電路。通信部31為發送機且為接收機。 Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the head-end system 3 of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the head-end system 3 includes a communication unit 31 and a control unit 32. The communication unit 31 can communicate with the concentrator 2 through the IP network 6 and can communicate with the power meter data management system 4. The communication unit 31 is a communication circuit. The communication unit 31 is a transmitter and a receiver.

控制部32透過通信部31而從集中器2接收到智慧型電錶1所為的計量結果，就透過通信部31將所 接收的計量結果往電錶資料管理系統4發送。控制部32透過通信部31而實施以集中器2及智慧型電錶1構成的網路之無線多點跳躍網路的通信控制。控制部32實施的通信控制與一般的智慧型電錶網路中的通信控制同樣，因此省略詳細的說明。控制部32透過通信部31而從集中器2接收到停電通知時，將停電通知予以匯集並透過通信部31而往電錶資料管理系統4發送。此外，控制部32透過通信部31而從集中器2接收到復電通知時，將復電通知予以匯集並透過通信部31而往電錶資料管理系統4發送。 The control unit 32 receives the measurement result of the smart meter 1 from the concentrator 2 through the communication unit 31, and sends the received measurement result to the meter data management system 4 through the communication unit 31. The control unit 32 performs communication control of a wireless multi-hop network of a network composed of the concentrator 2 and the smart meter 1 through the communication unit 31. The communication control performed by the control unit 32 is the same as the communication control in a general smart meter network, so detailed description is omitted. When the control unit 32 receives the power outage notification from the concentrator 2 through the communication unit 31, the control unit 32 collects the power outage notification and sends it to the meter data management system 4 through the communication unit 31. In addition, when the control unit 32 receives the power recovery notification from the concentrator 2 through the communication unit 31, the control unit 32 collects the power recovery notification and sends it to the meter data management system 4 through the communication unit 31.

控制部32藉由處理電路來實現。此處理電路係具備處理器的控制電路。具備處理器的控制電路為例如上述第3圖所示的控制電路200。處理器201係藉由讀出記憶體202所記憶之程式並予以執行來實現控制部32的功能，而該程式係記述有控制部32之處理。再者，記憶體202也作為處理器201實施之各處理的暫時記憶體來使用。此外，實現控制部32的處理電路可為專用的硬體。 The control unit 32 is realized by a processing circuit. This processing circuit is a control circuit including a processor. The control circuit including the processor is, for example, the control circuit 200 shown in FIG. 3 described above. The processor 201 reads out and executes a program stored in the memory 202 to implement the functions of the control unit 32, and the program describes the processing of the control unit 32. The memory 202 is also used as a temporary memory for each process performed by the processor 201. The processing circuit that implements the control unit 32 may be dedicated hardware.

第6圖係顯示本實施形態之電錶資料管理系統4之構成例的圖。如第6圖所示，電錶資料管理系統4具備通信部41、計測資料管理部42及停電管理部43。通信部41能夠在與頭端系統3之間進行通信，並且能夠與停電管理系統5進行通信。通信部41係通信電路。通信部41為發送機且為接收機。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the meter data management system 4 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the power meter data management system 4 includes a communication unit 41, a measurement data management unit 42, and a power failure management unit 43. The communication unit 41 can communicate with the head-end system 3 and can communicate with the power failure management system 5. The communication unit 41 is a communication circuit. The communication unit 41 is a transmitter and a receiver.

計測資料管理部42保持以智慧型電錶1所為的計量結果。智慧型電錶1所為的計量結果係被往例如 未圖示的付費系統提供。再者，停電管理部43透過通信部41而從頭端系統3接收到停電通知時，透過通信部41而將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。此外，停電管理部43透過通信部41而從頭端系統3接收到復電通知時，透過通信部41而將復電通知往停電管理系統5發送。 The measurement data management unit 42 maintains the measurement results obtained by the smart meter 1. The measurement result of the smart meter 1 is provided to a payment system (not shown), for example. When the power failure management unit 43 receives the power failure notification from the headend system 3 through the communication unit 41, the power failure management unit 43 sends the power failure notification to the power failure management system 5 through the communication unit 41. In addition, when the power failure management unit 43 receives the power restoration notification from the head-end system 3 through the communication unit 41, it sends the power restoration notification to the power failure management system 5 through the communication unit 41.

計測資料管理部42及停電管理部43係藉由處理電路來實現。此處理電路為具備處理器的控制電路。具備處理器的控制電路為例如上述第3圖所示的控制電路200。處理器201係藉由讀出記憶體202所記憶之程式並予以執行來實現計測資料管理部42及停電管理部43的功能，而該程式係記述有控制部之處理。此外，記憶體202也作為處理器201實施之各處理的暫時記憶體來使用。實現計測資料管理部42及停電管理部43的處理電路可為專用的硬體。 The measurement data management unit 42 and the power failure management unit 43 are implemented by a processing circuit. This processing circuit is a control circuit including a processor. The control circuit including the processor is, for example, the control circuit 200 shown in FIG. 3 described above. The processor 201 reads out and executes the programs stored in the memory 202 to implement the functions of the measurement data management section 42 and the power failure management section 43. The programs describe the processing of the control section. The memory 202 is also used as a temporary memory for each process performed by the processor 201. The processing circuits that realize the measurement data management unit 42 and the power failure management unit 43 may be dedicated hardware.

接著，針對本實施形態之停電及復電之發生時的動作進行說明。首先，說明停電發生時的動作。第7圖係顯示因變壓器7-2發生故障而在區域8-2發生了停電之狀態的圖。當在區域8-2發生停電，區域8-2內的智慧型電錶1就會測出停電而將停電通知朝往集中器2-2發送。第7圖中係以箭頭記載從智慧型電錶1-6、1-10、1-11所發送之停電通知被傳送的路徑。第7圖所示之例子係因從智慧型電錶1-6往集中器2-2的路徑上發生了障礙，故智慧型電錶1-6朝往集中器2-1發送停電通知。如此一來，各智慧型電錶1在往作為主站而設定的集中器2的路徑上 發生了障礙時，能夠朝往其他的集中器2發送停電通知，惟針對往主站的路徑上發生了障礙時的動作並不限定於此例子，而可進行任何種類的動作。 Next, the operation at the time of occurrence of a power outage and a power restoration in this embodiment will be described. First, the operation when a power failure occurs will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state where a power outage has occurred in area 8-2 due to a failure of transformer 7-2. When a power outage occurs in area 8-2, the smart meter 1 in area 8-2 will detect the power outage and send a power outage notification to concentrator 2-2. In FIG. 7, the path through which the power outage notifications sent from the smart meters 1-6, 1-10, and 1-11 are recorded with arrows. The example shown in FIG. 7 is because the obstacle occurred on the path from the smart meter 1-6 to the concentrator 2-2, so the smart meter 1-6 sends a power outage notification to the concentrator 2-1. In this way, when each smart meter 1 has an obstacle on the path to the concentrator 2 set as the master station, it can send a power outage notification to the other concentrator 2 but only for the path to the master station. The action at the time of obstacle is not limited to this example, and any kind of action can be performed.

在區域8-2發生停電時，一旦區域8-2內的智慧型電錶1一齊發送停電通知，則停電通知會在區域8-2內被大量地發送，而各智慧型電錶1會接收大量的停電通知。特別是，在瞬間的停電持續發生複數次時，每當停電即會發送停電通知，會有產生明顯的擁塞的可能。因此，智慧型電錶1無法正常地接收停電通知，會有停電通知不到達集中器2的情形。另一方面，針對瞬間的停電，由於能夠立即再開啟動作，所以會有無須急著發送停電通知的情形。 When a power outage occurs in area 8-2, once the smart meters 1 in area 8-2 send out power outage notifications together, the power outage notification will be sent in a large amount in area 8-2, and each smart power meter 1 will receive a large number of Outage notification. In particular, when an instantaneous power outage continues to occur multiple times, a power outage notification will be sent whenever there is a power outage, and there may be significant congestion. Therefore, the smart meter 1 cannot receive the power failure notification normally, and the power failure notification may not reach the concentrator 2 in some cases. On the other hand, for an instant power outage, the action can be restarted immediately, so there is no need to rush to send out a power outage notification.

本實施形態係將瞬間的停電定義為Ti秒以下的停電，並以Ti秒以下的停電就無須立即通知為前提。Ti係預先決定。本實施形態之智慧型電錶1當測出停電時，並不立即發送停電通知，會為了使發送時間分散，而進行隨機時間待機，並於待機結束之後停電仍持續的情形下，發送停電通知。然而，停電時因智慧型電錶1係以電池13作為電源來進行動作，所以從停電發生至停電通知的發送為止的時間，必須比可藉由電池13進行動作的時間還短。因此，將可藉由電池13進行動作的時間設為Tc秒，則用以使發送時間分散之隨機時間設定得比Tc短。如此一來，本實施形態之智慧型電錶1能夠在可藉由電池13進行動作的時間內發送停電通知，並且能夠使停電通知的發送時序分散以抑制擁塞。再者，進行隨機時間待機之期間復電的情形下，因不發送停電通知亦即取消發送，故與僅進行隨機時間的待機而發送停電通知的情形亦即不進行取消發送的情形相比較，能夠降低停電通知的發送頻率，能夠更抑制擁塞。用以使發送時間分散的隨機時間係可使用以從0秒至Td(Td<Tc)秒為止作為範圍的亂數。再者，用以使發送時間分散之隨機時間的產生係可使用智慧型電錶1或智慧型電錶1之通信裝置16特有的識別資訊。藉此，比較於僅使用亂數的情形，能夠更嚴密地使各個智慧型電錶1的發送時間分散。 In this embodiment, the instantaneous power failure is defined as a power failure of less than Ti seconds, and the premise that a power failure of less than Ti seconds does not require immediate notification. The Ti system is determined in advance. When a power outage is detected, the smart meter 1 of this embodiment does not immediately send out a power outage notification. In order to distribute the transmission time, it performs random time standby, and sends a power outage notification if the power outage continues after the end of standby. However, since the smart meter 1 operates with the battery 13 as a power source during a power outage, the time from the occurrence of the power outage to the transmission of the power outage notification must be shorter than the time during which the battery 13 can operate. Therefore, if the time during which the battery 13 can operate is set to Tc seconds, the random time for dispersing the transmission time is set to be shorter than Tc. In this way, the smart meter 1 of this embodiment can send a power outage notification within the time that can be operated by the battery 13 and can distribute the transmission timing of the power outage notification to suppress congestion. In addition, in the case of resuming power during the random time standby, because the power failure notification is not sent, that is, the transmission is canceled, so it is compared with the case where the power failure notification is sent only when the standby is performed in random time, that is, the situation where the cancellation is not performed, It is possible to reduce the frequency of sending outage notifications, and to further suppress congestion. The random time for distributing the transmission time is a random number with a range from 0 seconds to Td (Td <Tc) seconds. Furthermore, the generation of a random time for dispersing the transmission time is the identification information unique to the smart meter 1 or the communication device 16 of the smart meter 1. This makes it possible to more closely distribute the transmission time of each smart meter 1 compared to a case where only random numbers are used.

此外，本實施形態之等待停電通知之發送的時間為隨機，所以也會有因未達Ti秒的停電而發送停電通知的智慧型電錶1，然而就停電的區域整體而言係被抑制停電通知的發送。 In addition, the waiting time for the notification of power outages in this embodiment is random, so there will also be smart meters 1 that send out power outages due to power outages that have not reached Ti seconds. Send.

如以上所述，通信裝置16的控制部12，從測出發生停電之後起經過屬於隨機地設定之時間之第一時間之後，產生顯示發生了停電的停電通知。再者，通信部11發送以控制部12所產生的停電通知。 As described above, the control unit 12 of the communication device 16 generates a power outage notification indicating that a power outage has occurred after the first time, which is a randomly set time, has elapsed since the power outage was detected. Furthermore, the communication unit 11 sends a power outage notification generated by the control unit 12.

第8圖係顯示本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的停電通知處理之一例的流程圖。如第8圖所示，當發生停電，智慧型電錶1就切換電源(步驟S2)。具體而言，在步驟S1中，通信裝置16的控制部12依據從計量部14被通知停電，判斷為發生了停電。而在步驟S2中，控制部12控制切換器15以使通信裝置16的電源從系統電源101切換至電池13。藉此，通信裝置16從電池13被供應電力。 FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a blackout notification process of the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, when a power failure occurs, the smart meter 1 switches power (step S2). Specifically, in step S1, the control unit 12 of the communication device 16 determines that a power outage has occurred based on the power outage being notified from the measurement unit 14. In step S2, the control unit 12 controls the switcher 15 to switch the power of the communication device 16 from the system power source 101 to the battery 13. Thereby, the communication device 16 is supplied with power from the battery 13.

接著，智慧型電錶1記錄停電事件(步驟S3)。具體而言，控制部12使發生了停電的時刻與顯示發生了停電的資訊相對應，並保持於內部的記憶體。計量部14將停電的通知與測出停電的時刻一併通知給控制部12以作為發生了停電的時刻的情形下，能夠利用測出停電的時刻。計量部14不將停電的通知與測出停電的時刻一併通知給控制部12的情形下，能夠使用從計量部14往控制部12通知了停電的時刻。 Next, the smart meter 1 records a power outage event (step S3). Specifically, the control unit 12 associates the time when the power outage occurred with the information indicating that the power outage occurred, and holds it in the internal memory. When the measurement unit 14 notifies the control unit 12 of the notification of the power outage together with the time at which the power outage was detected, as the time when the power outage occurred, the time at which the power outage was detected can be used. When the measurement unit 14 does not notify the control unit 12 of the notification of the power outage together with the time when the power outage was detected, the time when the power outage was notified from the measurement unit 14 to the control unit 12 can be used.

接著，智慧型電錶1實施分散發送用隨機延遲(步驟S4)。具體而言，控制部12進行隨機時間待機。例如控制部12待機至計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器逾時為止。此外，由於隨機時間係於每個智慧型電錶1為隨機即可，所以於1個智慧型電錶1可為一定的值。此外，隨機時間於1個智慧型電錶1也可為可變。接著，智慧型電錶1判斷是否已復電(步驟S5)，當為已復電的情形(步驟S5為是(Yes))，結束停電通知處理。在步驟S5具體而言係控制部12依據在步驟S4待機的期間是否有從計量部14被通知復電，來判斷是否已復電。 Next, the smart meter 1 implements a random delay for distributed transmission (step S4). Specifically, the control unit 12 performs random time standby. For example, the control unit 12 waits until the timer for measuring the distributed transmission of the random time expires. In addition, since the random time may be random for each smart meter 1, it may be a certain value for one smart meter 1. In addition, the random time can be changed in one smart meter 1. Next, the smart meter 1 determines whether the power has been restored (step S5), and when it is the case that the electricity has been restored (step S5: Yes), the power failure notification process ends. Specifically, in step S5, the control unit 12 determines whether the power has been restored based on whether or not the metering unit 14 has been notified of the resumption of power during the standby period in step S4.

未復電的情形下(步驟S5為否(No))，智慧型電錶1向集中器2發送停電通知(步驟S6)。具體而言，控制部12依據所保持的停電事件來產生包含發生了停電之時刻的停電通知，透過通信部11向集中器2發送停電通知。此時，當有未發送的停電事件及未發送之後述的復電 情況時，也可包含於停電通知來發送。當控制部12發送停電通知，就記憶停電通知已完成通知。例如，對所保持的停電情況附加表示已完成通知的資訊。停電通知可為任何形式的信號，例如，係以網路標頭(network header)與酬載(payload)構成，酬載儲存有作為應用軟體之標頭的顯示停電通知的資訊，儲存有作為應用軟體之資料之發生了停電的時刻。 When the power is not restored (No in step S5), the smart meter 1 sends a power outage notification to the concentrator 2 (step S6). Specifically, the control unit 12 generates a power outage notification including the time when the power outage occurred according to the held power outage event, and transmits the power outage notification to the concentrator 2 through the communication unit 11. At this time, when there is an unsent power outage event and a resumption situation described later, it may also be included in the outage notification for transmission. When the control section 12 sends a power outage notification, it remembers that the power outage notification has been completed. For example, information on the completion of the notification is added to the held power outage. The power outage notification can be any form of signal. For example, the power outage notification is composed of a network header and a payload. The payload stores information indicating the power outage notification as a header of the application software, and is stored as application software. The information occurred at the moment of power outage.

如以上所述，控制部12從測出發生停電之後起經過第一時間之後，判斷是否已復電，未復電的情形就產生停電通知，已復電的情形就不產生停電通知。 As described above, the control unit 12 determines whether power has been restored after the first time has elapsed since the power failure was detected, and a power failure notice is generated when the power is not restored, and a power failure notice is not generated when the power is restored.

第9圖係顯示本實施形態之停電通知處理之效果的圖。第9圖中顯示5秒鐘的停電之後復電，自復電起5秒鐘後再次停電5秒鐘、自此停電之復電起10秒後停電20秒的例子。此情形下，測出停電就在一定時間後發送停電通知的比較例係發送3次停電通知(第9圖中簡稱為PON)。於本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的隨機時間為10秒的情形下，如第9圖所示，本實施形態1之智慧型電錶1係發送1次停電通知。因此，本實施形態與比較例相比較，能夠抑制停電通知的發送頻率。此外，一般而言復電通知(第9圖中簡稱為PRN)係對應停電通知來發送，因此藉由減少停電通知的發送頻率也抑制復電通知的發送頻率。 FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the effect of the blackout notification process in this embodiment. Figure 9 shows an example of resuming power after a 5 second power outage, 5 seconds from the power resumption, 5 seconds from the power resumption, and 20 seconds from the power failure after 10 seconds from the power resumption. In this case, the comparative example in which the outage was detected after a certain period of time after the outage was detected was that the outage notification was sent three times (referred to as PON in FIG. 9). When the random time of the smart meter 1 of this embodiment is 10 seconds, as shown in FIG. 9, the smart meter 1 of this embodiment sends a power failure notification once. Therefore, compared with the comparative example, this embodiment can suppress the transmission frequency of a power outage notification. In addition, in general, the power recovery notification (referred to as PRN in FIG. 9) is sent in response to a power failure notification. Therefore, by reducing the frequency of power failure notifications, the frequency of power recovery notifications is also suppressed.

其次，針對本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的復電通知處理進行說明。本實施形態於復電時亦以測出復電之後且進行隨機時間待機之後發送復電通知的方式，抑 制於復電後在短時間內再次停電時之復電通知的發送。 Next, the resumption notification process of the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment will be described. In this embodiment mode, when the power is restored, the power restoration notification is sent after the power is restored and after a random time standby is performed, so as to suppress the sending of the power restoration notification when the power is cut again in a short time after the power is restored.

第10圖係顯示本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的復電通知處理之一例的流程圖。當發生復電時，智慧型電錶1就判斷是否已完成通知停電(步驟S12)。具體而言，在步驟S11，通信裝置16的控制部12依據從計量部14被通知復電而判斷為已發生復電。未完成通知停電(步驟S12中為否)時，智慧型電錶1結束復電通知處理。在步驟S12判定為否的情形係智慧型電錶1的初始起動時或於上述的停電通知處理於步驟S5判定為是的情形。 FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the notification process of the power recovery of the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment. When the power resumption occurs, the smart meter 1 determines whether the notification of the power outage has been completed (step S12). Specifically, in step S11, the control unit 12 of the communication device 16 determines that the power resumption has occurred based on the notification of the power resumption from the metering unit 14. When the power failure notification is not completed (NO in step S12), the smart meter 1 ends the power recovery notification process. The case where the determination in step S12 is NO is the case where the smart meter 1 is initially started or the above-mentioned blackout notification process is determined to be YES in step S5.

已完成通知停電(步驟S12中為是)時，智慧型電錶1切換電源(步驟S13)。具體而言，控制部12控制切換器15以使通信裝置16的電源從電池13切換至系統電源101。藉此，通信裝置16從系統電源101被供應電力。 When the notification of the power failure has been completed (YES in step S12), the smart meter 1 switches the power (step S13). Specifically, the control unit 12 controls the switcher 15 so that the power of the communication device 16 is switched from the battery 13 to the system power source 101. Thereby, the communication device 16 is supplied with power from the system power source 101.

接著，智慧型電錶1記錄復電事件(步驟S14)。具體而言，控制部12使發生了復電的時刻與顯示發生了復電的資訊相對應，並保持於內部的記憶體。在計量部14將復電的通知與測出復電的時刻一併通知給控制部12以作為發生了復電的時刻的情形下，能夠利用測出復電的時刻。計量部14不將復電的通知與測出復電的時刻一併通知給控制部12的情形下，能夠使用從計量部14往控制部12通知了復電的時刻。 Next, the smart meter 1 records a power-on event (step S14). Specifically, the control unit 12 associates the time when the resumption occurred with the information indicating that the resumption occurred, and holds it in the internal memory. In a case where the measurement unit 14 notifies the control unit 12 of the notification of the resumption of power together with the time at which the resumption is detected, as the time at which the resumption of power has occurred, the time of the resumption of power can be used. In the case where the measurement unit 14 does not notify the control unit 12 of the notification of the resumption of power together with the timing at which the resumption of power is detected, the measurement unit 14 can be used to notify the control unit 12 of the time at which the power was restored.

接著，智慧型電錶1實施分散發送用隨機延遲(步驟S15)。具體而言，控制部12進行隨機時間待機。此外，將等待進行停電通知之發送所使用的隨機時間設為 第一時間，而將等待進行復電通知之發送所使用的隨機時間設為第二時間時，第一時間的範圍與第二時間的範圍可為相同，也可為不同。如以上所述，第一時間係必須比Tc秒短。相對於此，由於復電後係從系統電源101往通信裝置16供應電力，所以第二時間係不須比Tc秒短。亦即，也可將第二時間的最大值設得比第一時間的最大值還長。因此，例如將第二時間的範圍設為從0秒至Te秒為止之隨機的時間時，藉由將Te設得比Td長，於復電通知之發送時能夠分散發送時間而避免擁塞。或是，也可將第一時間加上一定值所獲得的值設為第二時間。 Next, the smart meter 1 implements a random delay for distributed transmission (step S15). Specifically, the control unit 12 performs random time standby. In addition, when the random time used to wait for the transmission of the power outage notification is set to the first time, and the random time used to wait for the transmission of the power outage notification is set to the second time, the first time range and the second time The range can be the same or different. As mentioned above, the first time must be shorter than Tc seconds. In contrast, since the power is supplied from the system power source 101 to the communication device 16 after the power is restored, the second time does not need to be shorter than Tc seconds. That is, the maximum value of the second time may be set to be longer than the maximum value of the first time. Therefore, for example, when the range of the second time is set to a random time from 0 seconds to Te seconds, by setting Te to be longer than Td, it is possible to distribute the transmission time and avoid congestion when transmitting the resume notification. Alternatively, a value obtained by adding a certain value to the first time may be set as the second time.

接著，智慧型電錶1判斷是否已停電(步驟S16)，已停電時(步驟S16中為是)，結束復電通知處理。在步驟S16，具體而言，控制部12依據在步驟S15待機的期間是否有從計量部14被通知停電，來判斷是否已停電。 Next, the smart meter 1 determines whether power has been cut off (step S16), and when the power has been cut off (YES in step S16), it ends the power recovery notification process. In step S16, specifically, the control unit 12 determines whether or not the power has been cut off based on whether or not a power outage has been notified from the metering unit 14 during the standby period in step S15.

未停電的情形下(步驟S16中為否)，智慧型電錶1向集中器2發送復電通知(步驟S17)並結束復電通知處理。具體而言，控制部12依據所保持的復電事件來產生包含發生了復電之時刻的復電通知，透過通信部11向集中器2發送復電通知。此時，當有未發送的停電事件及復電事件時，也可包含於復電通知來發送。當控制部12發送復電通知，就記憶復電通知已完成通知。例如，對所保持的復電事件附加表示已完成通知的資訊。復電通知可為任何形式的信號，例如，係以網路標頭(network header)與酬載(payload)構成，酬載儲存有作為應用軟體之標頭的顯示 復電通知的資訊，並儲存有作為應用軟體之資料之發生了復電的時刻。此外，控制部12保持的停電事件及復電事件可於對應的通知被發送後刪除。或是，控制部12保持的停電事件及復電事件從被記憶之後起經過一定時間後，或是也可在停電事件及復電事件之資料量達一定量以上時，按發生時刻之較早的順序來消除一部分。 When there is no power failure (No in step S16), the smart meter 1 sends a power recovery notification to the concentrator 2 (step S17) and ends the power recovery notification process. Specifically, the control unit 12 generates a power recovery notification including the time when the power recovery has occurred based on the held power recovery event, and sends a power recovery notification to the concentrator 2 through the communication unit 11. At this time, when there is an unsent power failure event and a power recovery event, it may also be included in the power recovery notification to be sent. When the control unit 12 sends a power recovery notification, it remembers that the power recovery notification has been completed. For example, information on completion notification is added to the held resumption event. The resumption notice can be any form of signal, for example, it is composed of a network header and a payload. The payload stores the information indicating the resumption notice as the header of the application software, and stores The moment of resumption of power as the information of the application software. In addition, the power failure event and the power restoration event held by the control unit 12 may be deleted after the corresponding notification is sent. Alternatively, after a certain period of time has elapsed since the power failure event and the power recovery event held by the control unit 12 are memorized, or when the amount of data of the power failure event and the power recovery event reaches a certain amount or more, the earlier of the occurrence time Order to eliminate part.

如以上所述，控制部12從測出發生復電之後起，經過屬於隨機決定的時間的第二時間之後，產生用以顯示發生了復電的復電通知。通信部11發送由控制部12產生的復電通知。詳細而言，控制部12從測出發生復電之後起經過第二時間之後，判斷是否已停電，未停電的情形就產生復電通知，已停電的情形就不產生復電通知。 As described above, the control unit 12 generates a power-return notification to indicate that the power-recovery has occurred after the second time, which is a randomly determined time, has elapsed since the power-recovery was detected. The communication unit 11 sends a power restoration notification generated by the control unit 12. In detail, the control unit 12 determines whether a power outage has occurred after a second time has elapsed from the detection of the power restoration, and a power restoration notice is generated when there is no power outage, and a power restoration notice is not generated when the power outage has occurred.

第11圖係顯示本實施形態之復電通知處理之效果的圖。第11圖顯示有20秒鐘的停電之後復電，從復電起5秒後再次停電5秒鐘，從此停電之復電起5秒後停電5秒，從此停電之復電起5秒後復電的例子。此情形下，測出停電及復電就在一定時間後發送停電通知及復電通知的比較例係分別發送3次的停電通知(第11圖中簡稱為PON)及復電通知(第9圖中簡稱為PRN)。於本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的第一時間為10秒而第二時間為20秒的情形下，如第11圖所示，本實施形態之智慧型電錶1係各發送1次停電通知及復電通知。因此，本實施形態與比較例相比較，能夠抑制停電通知的發送頻率。此外，由於第11圖之本實施形態的復電通知包含未發送的復電事件及 停電事件，所以包含3次的復電事件及2次的停電事件。因此，本實施形態之復電通知包含與3次的復電通知及2次的停電通知對應的資訊。藉此，本實施形態與比較例相比較，能夠減少復電通知及停電通知的發送頻率。 FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the effect of the resumption notification process in this embodiment. Figure 11 shows that after 20 seconds of power failure, the power is restored. After 5 seconds from the power failure, the power is restored again for 5 seconds. From the power failure, the power is restored after 5 seconds, and after 5 seconds, the power is restored after 5 seconds. An example of electricity. In this case, the comparative example that measured the power outage and resumption and sends out the power outage notice and resumption notice after a certain period of time is that the power outage notice (referred to as PON in Figure 11) and the power restoration notice are sent 3 times (Figure 9). (Abbreviated as PRN). In the case where the first time of the smart meter 1 of this embodiment is 10 seconds and the second time is 20 seconds, as shown in FIG. 11, the smart meter 1 of this embodiment sends a power outage notification and Reinstatement notice. Therefore, compared with the comparative example, this embodiment can suppress the transmission frequency of a power outage notification. In addition, since the power recovery notification of this embodiment in FIG. 11 includes unsent power recovery events and power failure events, it includes three power recovery events and two power failure events. Therefore, the resumption notice in this embodiment includes information corresponding to three resumption notices and two outage notices. Thereby, compared with the comparative example, this embodiment can reduce the frequency of sending a power-back notification and a power-down notification.

第12圖係顯示本實施形態之檢測系統9的停電及復電時之動作之一例的流程圖。智慧型電錶1之各處理與在第8圖及第10圖所述的處理同樣，於各步驟附加與第8圖及第10圖相同的步驟編號。因智慧型電錶1之各處理已在以上說明，故省略其說明。本實施形態為了抑制頭端系統3接收的頻率，集中器2將複數個停電通知及復電通知匯集發送。此時，由於定期收集的計量結果與停電通知及復電通知的緊急性不同，所以計量結果與停電通知及復電通知係作為個別的通知群組來匯集。停電通知與復電通知係整合作為相同通知群組來匯集。例如，將一定時間內所接收的停電通知與復電通知整合後發送。本實施形態因智慧型電錶1進行隨機時間待機後發送停電通知，所以會有即使於短時間之停電的情形也通知停電通知的情形。相對於此，檢測系統9往停電管理系統5發送停電通知之際，會有針對維護等產生的停電而不須發送的情形。亦即，針對用以判定維護用的停電之臨限值以下的停電時間之停電，會有不須往停電管理系統5通知的情形。當有設定用以判定維護用的停電之臨限值Tm，電錶資料管理系統4於停電時間為Tm秒以下的情形，就不往停電管理系統5發送停電通知，而於停電時間超過Tm秒的情形往 停電管理系統5發送停電通知。藉此，能夠防止從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送與短時間的停電對應的停電通知。 FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the detection system 9 in the present embodiment in the case of power failure and power restoration. Each process of the smart meter 1 is the same as the process described in FIGS. 8 and 10, and the same step numbers as in FIGS. 8 and 10 are added to each step. Since each process of the smart meter 1 has been described above, its description is omitted. In this embodiment, in order to suppress the frequency received by the headend system 3, the concentrator 2 collectively sends a plurality of power failure notifications and power recovery notifications. At this time, since the measurement results collected periodically are different from the urgency of the power outage notification and the power recovery notification, the measurement results and the power outage notification and the power recovery notification are aggregated as separate notification groups. The power outage notification and the power restoration notification are integrated as the same notification group. For example, the power failure notification received within a certain period of time is integrated with the power recovery notification and then sent. In this embodiment, the smart meter 1 sends a power outage notification after waiting for a random time. Therefore, the power outage notification may be notified even in the case of a short time outage. In contrast, when the detection system 9 sends a power outage notification to the power outage management system 5, there may be cases where the power outage due to maintenance or the like does not need to be sent. That is, there is a case where it is not necessary to notify the blackout management system 5 of a blackout for a blackout time that is less than the threshold value of the blackout for maintenance. When there is a threshold Tm for determining a power outage for maintenance, the meter data management system 4 does not send a power outage notification to the power outage management system 5 when the power outage time is Tm seconds or less, The situation sends a power outage notification to the power outage management system 5. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a blackout notification corresponding to a short blackout from being transmitted from the power meter data management system 4 to the blackout management system 5.

如第12圖所示，當在區域內發生停電時，集中器2就從區域內之複數個智慧型電錶1接收停電通知(步驟S6)。此外，第12圖之SM係智慧型電錶的縮寫。 As shown in FIG. 12, when a power outage occurs in the area, the concentrator 2 receives a power outage notification from a plurality of smart meters 1 in the area (step S6). In addition, SM in FIG. 12 is an abbreviation of smart meter.

集中器2將從複數個智慧型電錶1接收到的停電通知匯集成1個停電通知(步驟S21)，而將經匯集的停電通知往頭端系統3發送(步驟S22)。亦即，集中器2透過頭端系統3將經匯集的停電通知往電錶資料管理系統4發送。例如，頭端系統3將10秒鐘內接收到的停電通知匯集成1個停電通知。頭端系統3一旦從集中器2接收到停電通知，就將接收到的停電通知往電錶資料管理系統4發送(步驟S25)。電錶資料管理系統4一旦接收到停電通知，就保持停電通知並進行一定時間待機。 The concentrator 2 collects the blackout notifications received from the plurality of smart meters 1 into one blackout notification (step S21), and sends the collected blackout notifications to the head-end system 3 (step S22). That is, the concentrator 2 sends the collected blackout notification to the meter data management system 4 through the head-end system 3. For example, the head-end system 3 aggregates the power outage notification received within 10 seconds into one power outage notification. Upon receiving the power outage notification from the concentrator 2, the head-end system 3 sends the received power outage notification to the power meter data management system 4 (step S25). Once the power meter data management system 4 receives the power outage notification, it keeps the power outage notification and waits for a certain time.

當在區域內復電時，則從區域內之複數個智慧型電錶1接收復電通知(步驟S17)。集中器2將從複數個智慧型電錶1接收到的復電通知匯集成1個復電通知(步驟S23)，而將經匯集的復電通知往頭端系統3發送(步驟S24)。例如，頭端系統3將10秒鐘內接收到的復電通知匯集成1個復電通知。頭端系統3一旦從集中器2接收到復電通知，就將接收到的復電通知往電錶資料管理系統4發送(步驟S26)。 When the power is resumed in the area, the power resume notification is received from the plurality of smart meters 1 in the area (step S17). The concentrator 2 collects the power recovery notifications received from the plurality of smart meters 1 into one power recovery notification (step S23), and sends the collected power recovery notifications to the head-end system 3 (step S24). For example, the head-end system 3 aggregates the reinstatement notification received within 10 seconds into one reinstatement notification. Once the head-end system 3 receives the resumption notification from the concentrator 2, it sends the received resumption notification to the meter data management system 4 (step S26).

當電錶資料管理系統4從與在步驟S25接 收到的停電通知之發送源為同一個智慧型電錶1接收到復電通知時，就根據接收時的過濾用計時器的狀態而實施過濾處理(步驟S27)。此過濾處理係停電管理部43實施的處理。停電管理部43在步驟S27接收到停電通知就開始用以計測Tm秒之過濾用計時器所進行的計測，於過濾用計時器逾時前接收到復電通知時，判定停電時間為Tm秒以下，並判定要發送停電通知。相對於此，停電管理部43在過濾用計時器逾時為止未接收復電通知時，判定停電時間超過Tm秒，並判定要發送停電通知。亦即，本實施形態中，停電管理部43係依據接收到停電通知的時刻及接收到復電通知的時刻來推定停電時間。第11圖所示之例子係表示藉由過濾處理而判定要往停電管理系統5發送停電通知的例子，停電通知被往停電管理系統5發送(步驟S28)。此停電通知包含復電通知的內容。 When the power meter data management system 4 receives the resumption notification from the same smart meter 1 as the transmission source of the power outage notification received in step S25, filtering is performed according to the state of the filtering timer at the time of reception (step S27). This filtering process is a process performed by the power failure management unit 43. The blackout management unit 43 starts the measurement by the filtering timer for measuring Tm seconds after receiving the blackout notification in step S27. When the power failure notification is received before the filtering timer expires, it determines that the blackout time is less than Tm seconds. And decide to send a power outage notification. On the other hand, when the power failure management unit 43 has not received the notification of power restoration until the filtering timer has expired, it determines that the power failure time exceeds Tm seconds, and determines that a power failure notification is to be transmitted. That is, in the present embodiment, the power outage management unit 43 estimates the power outage time based on the time when the power outage notification is received and the time when the power outage notification is received. The example shown in FIG. 11 shows an example in which it is determined that the blackout notification is to be sent to the blackout management system 5 by the filtering process, and the blackout notification is sent to the blackout management system 5 (step S28). This blackout notice contains the content of the resumption notice.

再者，電錶資料管理系統4於接收停電通知之後起至經過一定時間為止的期間，接收到與停電通知之發送源相同智慧型電錶1對應之復電通知的情形亦可不進行停電通知的發送。具體而言，若是屬於計測一定時間之計時器的過濾用計時器未計時達預定時間，停電管理部43則判定為不往停電管理系統5發送停電通知。亦即，停電管理部43依據從接收停電通知之後起至經過一定時間為止的期間是否接收到復電通知而判定是否要往停電管理系統5發送停電通知的處理。此一定時間可為上述的Tm秒，也可為與Tm秒不同的值。 In addition, in a case where the power meter data management system 4 receives a power recovery notification corresponding to the same smart meter 1 as the transmission source of the power outage notification within a certain period of time after receiving the power outage notification, the power outage notification may not be sent. Specifically, if the filter timer belonging to the timer that measures a certain time has not counted for a predetermined time, the power failure management section 43 determines that the power failure notification is not sent to the power failure management system 5. That is, the blackout management unit 43 is a process of determining whether to send a blackout notification to the blackout management system 5 based on whether or not a power failure notification is received in a period from the time when a blackout notification is received until a certain period of time elapses. This fixed time may be the above-mentioned Tm second, or may be a value different from the Tm second.

如以上所述，本實施形態係進行抑制智慧型電錶1所進行之停電通知及復電通知之發送與以電錶資料管理系統4所進行之停電通知的控制之雙方。第13圖至第15圖係顯示抑制以智慧型電錶1及電錶管理系統4所進行之停電通知之具體例的圖。第13圖係顯示於智慧型電錶1用以計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器逾時，且直到經過隨機時間為止前未發生復電，而發送停電通知的例子。再者，第13圖係顯示於電錶資料管理系統4從接收停電通知之後起到過濾用計時器逾時後接收停電通知，並依據過濾處理而判定要發送停電通知的例子。此情形下，停電通知係從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送。 As described above, the present embodiment suppresses the sending of power outage notification and resumption notification by the smart meter 1 and the control of the power outage notification by the meter data management system 4. 13 to 15 are diagrams showing specific examples of suppressing a power outage notification by the smart meter 1 and the meter management system 4. FIG. 13 shows an example in which the timer for decentralized transmission used to measure the random time in the smart meter 1 expires, and no power failure occurs until the random time elapses, and a power outage notification is sent. 13 shows an example in which the power meter data management system 4 receives the power outage notification after receiving the power outage notification and expires after the filtering timer expires, and determines that the power outage notification is to be transmitted according to the filtering process. In this case, the blackout notification is sent from the meter data management system 4 to the blackout management system 5.

第14圖係顯示於智慧型電錶1因用以計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器逾時為止之期間復電了，則不發送停電通知的例子。第15圖係顯示於智慧型電錶1因用以計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器逾時，直到經過隨機時間為止前未發生復電，則發送停電通知，並於電錶資料管理系統4從接收停電通知之後起到過濾用計時器逾時為止之期間已接收復電通知的例子。此情形下，停電通知係不從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送。 FIG. 14 shows an example in which the power meter 1 does not send a power outage notification because the smart meter 1 has been re-powered because the timer for distributed transmission that measures random time has expired. Figure 15 shows that the smart meter 1 has timed out because the timer for decentralized transmission used to measure random time expires, and no resumption occurs before the random time elapses. An example of a resumption notification that has been received after the blackout notification is received until the filtering timer expires. In this case, the blackout notification is not sent from the meter data management system 4 to the blackout management system 5.

此外，本實施形態中，智慧型電錶1雖抑制停電通知的發送，然而此動作係設有時間限制或次數限制。例如，若不發送停電通知而有記錄的停電事件及復電事件達到一定數目時，則不論是否有復電都要發送停電通知。藉此，能夠在從發生停電開始的有限的時間內實施電 錶資料管理系統4的過濾處理。 In addition, in this embodiment, although the smart meter 1 suppresses transmission of a power outage notification, this action is provided with a time limit or a limit on the number of times. For example, if there are a certain number of recorded power outages and power recovery events without sending out a power outage notification, a power outage notification is sent regardless of whether there is a power outage. Thereby, the filtering process of the meter data management system 4 can be performed within a limited time from the occurrence of a power outage.

再者，智慧型電錶1也可在停電通知的發送及轉送上不進行再送控制。此係由於停電通知的發送及轉送必須在可藉由電池13進行動作的時間內進行通知，所以即使犧牲某程度的可靠度也要刪減流通量及縮短轉送時間變得重要之故。此外，復電通知的發送及轉送係重視可靠度，而進行再送控制。 Furthermore, the smart meter 1 may not perform retransmission control on the transmission and forwarding of the power outage notification. This is because the notification and transmission of the power outage must be notified within the time that the battery 13 can operate, so it is important to reduce the circulation and shorten the transfer time even if a certain degree of reliability is sacrificed. In addition, the sending and forwarding of the resumption notice attaches importance to reliability and performs resending control.

如以上所述，本實施形態中，當發生停電通知時，智慧型電錶1就進行隨機時間待機，當即使待機結束停電仍持續時，則發送停電通知。藉此，能夠使停電通知的發送時序分散而抑制擁塞。再者，由於在進行隨機時間待機的期間中已復電的情形下不發送停電通知，所以與僅進行隨機時間的待機就發送停電通知的情形相比較，能夠降低停電通知的發送頻率。此外，藉由將隨機時間設定在通信裝置16可藉由電池13進行動作的時間內的範圍，能夠在可藉由電池13進行動作的時間內發送停電通知。 As described above, in this embodiment, when a power outage notification occurs, the smart meter 1 performs random time standby, and when the power outage continues even after the standby end, the power outage notification is sent. This makes it possible to distribute the timing of transmission of the power outage notification and suppress congestion. Furthermore, since the power outage notification is not sent when power is restored during the random time standby period, the frequency of power outage notification can be reduced compared to the case where the power outage notification is sent only when the standby time is performed. In addition, by setting the random time within a time period within which the communication device 16 can operate with the battery 13, it is possible to transmit a power outage notification within the time when the battery 13 can operate.

再者，當發生復電時，智慧型電錶1就進行隨機時間待機，即使待機結束仍繼續復電中時，則發送復電通知。藉此，與停電通知同樣地能夠抑制因復電通知所造成的擁塞。 In addition, when the power is restored, the smart meter 1 performs standby at random time, and when the power is resumed even after the standby is over, it sends a resume notification. This makes it possible to suppress the congestion caused by the resumption of power notification in the same manner as the notification of power failure.

實施形態2 Embodiment 2

接著，針對本發明之實施形態2進行說明。本實施形態之檢測系統9的構成及構成檢測系統9之各裝置的構成 與實施形態1相同。本實施形態係當發生停電時，在瞬間的停電亦即停電期間在一定時間以下的停電之瞬停時，智慧型電錶1就不發送停電通知。為此，智慧型電錶1在停電發生後，在判定瞬停用的一定時間之固定延遲的期間進行待機，並在待機的期間已復電的情形判斷不發送停電通知。在停電之中若為瞬停用亦即一定時間以下的停電，會有不需要發送停電通知的情形。因此，本實施形態中，智慧型電錶1於發生停電之後，在即使瞬間停電判定用的固定延遲的期間進行待機仍然不復電的情形，則於進行隨機時間待機之後發送停電通知。藉此，能夠使來自於各智慧型電錶1的發送時間分散，並且能夠比實施形態1更確實地抑制因固定延遲的時間以下之瞬間的停電導致的停電通知之發送。然而，由於待機時間會增加固定延遲份量的時間，所以必須將可藉由電池13進行動作的時間設得比實施形態1還長。或是，在使用與實施形態1同樣的電池13的情形，要確保作為隨機時間的時間會變得比實施形態1還短。 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The configuration of the detection system 9 and the configuration of each device constituting the detection system 9 of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, when a power outage occurs, the smart meter 1 does not send a power outage notification during an instantaneous power outage, that is, an instantaneous power outage during a power outage that is less than a certain period of time. For this reason, after the power outage occurs, the smart meter 1 waits for a fixed delay during a certain period of time when it is determined to be instantaneously disabled, and determines that no power outage notification is sent when the power is restored during the standby period. If the power outage is instantaneous deactivation, that is, a power outage below a certain period of time, there may be cases where a power outage notification need not be sent. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the smart meter 1 sends a power outage notification after performing a random time standby after the power outage occurs even after the power outage is performed for a fixed delay period for the instantaneous power outage determination. This makes it possible to distribute the transmission time from each smart meter 1 and to more reliably suppress the transmission of a power outage notification due to a power outage at an instant below a fixed delay time than in the first embodiment. However, since the standby time increases the time of the fixed delay amount, it is necessary to set the time that can be operated by the battery 13 to be longer than that of the first embodiment. Alternatively, when using the same battery 13 as in the first embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that the time as a random time becomes shorter than that in the first embodiment.

以下省略與實施形態1重複部分的說明，主要說明與實施形態1不同的部分。第16圖係顯示本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的停電通知處理之一例的流程圖。自步驟S1至步驟S3與實施形態1相同。步驟S3之後，智慧型電錶1在瞬間停電判定用的固定延遲的期間進行待機(步驟S7)。接著，與實施形態1同樣實施步驟S5，在已復電的情形(步驟S5中為是)，結束停電通知處理。未復電的 情形(步驟S5中為否)，實施分散發送用隨機延遲(步驟S8)。在步驟S8，具體上為智慧型電錶1進行於每個智慧型電錶1所設定的隨機時間待機。步驟S8之後，智慧型電錶1實施實施形態1的步驟S6。此外，也可建構成：步驟S8之後，智慧型電錶1進行是否有再次復電的判定，並在有復電的情形不發送停電通知。 The description of the portions that are the same as those of the first embodiment will be omitted below, and the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of a power failure notification process of the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment. Steps S1 to S3 are the same as those in the first embodiment. After step S3, the smart meter 1 waits for a fixed delay period for the instantaneous power failure determination (step S7). Next, step S5 is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and when power is restored (YES in step S5), the power failure notification process is ended. When the power is not restored (No in step S5), a random delay for distributed transmission is implemented (step S8). In step S8, specifically, the smart meter 1 waits at a random time set by each smart meter 1. After step S8, the smart meter 1 performs step S6 of the first embodiment. In addition, it may also be constructed: after step S8, the smart meter 1 determines whether there is a power resumption, and does not send a power outage notification if there is a power resumption.

控制部12從測出停電的發生起經過一定時間後，判斷是否已復電中，未復電的情形則於經過第一時間之後產生停電通知，已復電的情形則不產生停電通知。 The control unit 12 determines whether power has been restored after a certain period of time has elapsed since the occurrence of the power outage. If the power is not restored, a power outage notification is generated after the first time has elapsed, and the power outage notification is not generated.

第17圖係顯示本實施形態之智慧型電錶1的復電通知處理之一例的流程圖。從步驟S11至步驟S14係與實施形態1相同。步驟S14之後，智慧型電錶1在瞬間判定用的固定延遲的期間進行待機(步驟S18)。接著，與實施形態1同樣實施步驟S16，在已停電的情形(步驟S16中為是)，結束復電通知處理。未停電的情形(步驟S16中為否)，實施分散發送用隨機延遲(步驟S19)。在步驟S19，具體上為智慧型電錶1進行於每個智慧型電錶1所設定的隨機時間待機。步驟S19之後，智慧型電錶1實施實施形態1的步驟S17。此外，在步驟S19之後，智慧型電錶1亦可進行是否有再度停電的判定，並在有停電的情形不發送復電通知。此外，如實施形態1所述，由於在發送復電通知的發送時通信裝置16並非藉由電池13來驅動，所以用以等待復電通知的一定時間也可比用以等待停電通知的一定時間還長。再者，用以等待復電通知之發送的隨機時 間也可比用以等待停電通知之發送的隨機時間還長。以上說明以外之本實施形態之各裝置的動作與實施形態1相同。 FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the notification process of the power recovery of the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment. Steps S11 to S14 are the same as those in the first embodiment. After step S14, the smart meter 1 waits for a fixed delay period for instantaneous determination (step S18). Next, step S16 is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and in the case of power failure (YES in step S16), the resumption notification process is terminated. When there is no power failure (No in step S16), a random delay for distributed transmission is implemented (step S19). In step S19, specifically, the smart meter 1 performs standby at a random time set by each smart meter 1. After step S19, the smart meter 1 performs step S17 of the first embodiment. In addition, after step S19, the smart meter 1 may also determine whether there is a power outage again, and does not send a power recovery notification in the event of a power outage. In addition, as described in the first embodiment, since the communication device 16 is not driven by the battery 13 when sending the resumption notice, a certain time for waiting for the resumption notice can also be longer than a certain time for waiting for the power failure notice. long. Furthermore, the random time for waiting for the sending of the power failure notification may be longer than the random time for waiting for the sending of the power failure notification. The operation of each device of this embodiment other than the above description is the same as that of the first embodiment.

如以上所述，控制部12從測出復電之發生之後起經過一定時間之後，判斷是否停電中，未停電的情形則於經過第二時間之後產生復電通知，而停電中的情形則不產生復電通知。 As described above, the control unit 12 determines whether there is a power outage after a certain period of time has elapsed since the occurrence of the power restoration, and the power failure notification is generated after the second time has elapsed in the case of a non-power outage, but not in the case of a power outage. Generate a resumption notice.

第18圖係顯示本實施形態之智慧型電錶1及電錶管理系統4所進行之停電通知之抑制之具體例的圖。第18圖係於顯示智慧型電錶1從發生停電之後在用以計測固定時間之固定延遲計時器逾時的時間點尚未復電，而於用以計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器逾時之後發送停電通知的例子。此外，第18圖係顯示於電錶資料管理系統4判定從接收停電通知之後起，過濾用計時器逾時後，接收停電通知並藉由過濾處理而發送停電通知的例子。此情形下，停電通知係從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送。 FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a specific example of suppression of a power outage notification performed by the smart meter 1 and the meter management system 4 according to this embodiment. Figure 18 shows that the smart meter 1 has not been re-energized at the point in time when the fixed delay timer used to measure the fixed time has expired since the power failure occurred, and the timer for decentralized transmission used to measure the random time has expired. Example of sending a power outage notification afterwards. In addition, FIG. 18 shows an example in which, after the meter data management system 4 determines that the filtering timer has expired after receiving the power outage notification, the power outage notification is received and the power outage notification is transmitted by the filtering process. In this case, the blackout notification is sent from the meter data management system 4 to the blackout management system 5.

第19圖係顯示於智慧型電錶1因到固定延遲計時器逾時為止的期間已復電，而不發送停電通知的例子。第20圖係顯示於智慧型電錶1，從發生停電之後起在用以計測固定時間之固定延遲計時器逾時的時間點尚未復電，而於用以計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器逾時之後發送停電通知的例子。此外，於第20圖顯示於電錶資料管理系統4從接收停電通知之後起至過濾用計時器逾時為 止的期間接收到復電通知的例子。此情形下，停電通知不會從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送。 FIG. 19 shows an example in which the smart meter 1 does not send a power outage notification because the power has been restored until the fixed delay timer expires. Figure 20 is shown on smart meter 1. Since the time when the fixed delay timer used to measure the fixed time has expired after the power failure, the power has not been restored, but the timer for the distributed transmission used to measure the random time. Example of sending outage notice after timeout. In addition, FIG. 20 shows an example in which the power meter data management system 4 receives the power-on notification from the time when the power-down notification is received until the filtering timer expires. In this case, the power outage notification will not be sent from the meter data management system 4 to the power outage management system 5.

於實施形態1的智慧型電錶1，因進行隨機的時間待機而能夠某程度地抑制因瞬間停止導致的停電通知的發送，惟仍會有在瞬間停止的情形也會發送停電通知的情形。本實施形態與實施形態1相比較，能夠確實地抑制因瞬間停止導致的停電通知的發送。 In the smart meter 1 according to the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress the transmission of a power outage notification caused by an instantaneous stoppage to a certain extent by performing random time standby. However, the power outage notification may still be sent in the case of an instantaneous stoppage. Compared with the first embodiment, this embodiment can reliably suppress the transmission of a power outage notification due to an instantaneous stop.

如以上所述，本實施形態係判斷為當發生停電時就進行固定時間的待機，而於待機中的期間已復電的情形就不發送停電通知。此外，本實施形態中，智慧型電錶1於發生停電之後，即使進行固定時間的待機仍然未復電的情形，則於進行隨機時間待機之後發送停電通知。藉此，能夠使來自於各智慧型電錶的發送時間分散，並且比實施形態1更能夠確實地抑制因固定延遲的時間以下的瞬間的停電造成的停電通知的發送。 As described above, the present embodiment determines that a standby is performed for a fixed time when a power outage occurs, and a power outage notification is not sent when power is restored during the standby period. In addition, in this embodiment, after the power meter 1 is out of power, even if it is in standby for a fixed period of time, the smart meter 1 is not yet powered on, and then sends a power outage notification after performing random time standby. Thereby, it is possible to distribute the transmission time from each smart meter, and it is possible to more reliably suppress the transmission of a power outage notification due to an instantaneous power outage of a fixed delay time or less than in the first embodiment.

再者，本實施形態係判斷為當發生復電時就進行固定時間的待機，而於待機中的期間已停電的情形就不發送復電通知。此外，本實施形態中，智慧型電錶1於發生復電之後，即使進行固定時間的待機仍然未停電的情形，則於進行隨機時間待機之後發送復電通知。藉此，能夠使來自於各智慧型電錶的發送時間分散，並且比實施形態1更能夠確實地抑制因固定時間以下的短時間之復電造成的復電通知的發送。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is determined that when a power cycle occurs, standby is performed for a fixed period of time, and a power cycle notification is not sent when the power is interrupted during the standby period. In addition, in the present embodiment, after the smart meter 1 is re-powered, the power-return notification is sent after the power-on standby is performed for a fixed period of time without power failure. Thereby, it is possible to distribute the transmission time from each smart meter, and it is possible to more reliably suppress the transmission of the power-on notification due to the power-on for a short period of time, which is shorter than the fixed time, than in the first embodiment.

實施形態3 Embodiment 3

其次，針對實施形態3進行說明。本實施形態係說明電錶資料管理系統4之過濾處理的具體例。本實施形態之檢測系統9的構成及構成檢測系統9之各裝置的構成與實施形態1相同。以下省略與實施形態1重複部分的說明，主要說明與實施形態1不同的部分。 Next, Embodiment 3 will be described. This embodiment describes a specific example of the filtering process of the meter data management system 4. The configuration of the detection system 9 and the configuration of each device constituting the detection system 9 of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment. The description of the portions that are the same as those of the first embodiment will be omitted below, and the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

實施形態1及實施形態2係於智慧型電錶1抑制停電通知及復電通知的發送。如實施形態1所述，檢測系統9往停電管理系統5發送停電通知時，停電時間在Tm以下時會有不須進行通知的情形。在實施形態1說明了電錶資料管理系統4依據接收到停電通知的時刻與接收到復電通知的時刻來推定停電時間，藉此進行過濾處理的例子。另一方面，會有於從智慧型電錶1至電錶資料管理系統4為止的通信路徑中發生丟包(packet loss)，從智慧型電錶1發送的停電通知及復電通知之中至少一者不會到達電錶資料管理系統4的情形。再者，發生超過可藉由電池13進行動作的時間的停電時，通信裝置16的電源成為切斷，復電後通信裝置16啟動後起至集中器2為止的路徑成為有效為止之需要某個程度的時間，而會有即使復電也無法立即發送復電通知的情形。所謂至集中器2為止的路徑成為有效，係表示智慧型電錶1依照路徑控制協定來取得與往集中器2之路徑有關的路徑資訊，而成為在與集中器2之間能夠進行通信。如此的情形下，從檢測系統9往停電管理系統5之停電通知的發送會被延後。考量以上的情形，電錶資料管理系統4實施過濾處理以能夠儘可能適切 地往停電管理系統5發送停電通知及復電通知。 The first embodiment and the second embodiment are based on the smart meter 1 to suppress the transmission of the power outage notification and the power restoration notification. As described in the first embodiment, when the detection system 9 sends a power outage notification to the power outage management system 5, there is a case where the power outage does not need to be notified when the power outage time is less than Tm. In the first embodiment, an example has been described in which the power meter data management system 4 performs a filtering process by estimating a power outage time based on the time when the power outage notification is received and the time when the power outage notification is received. On the other hand, packet loss may occur in the communication path from the smart meter 1 to the meter data management system 4. At least one of the power outage notification and the resumption notification sent from the smart meter 1 may not. Will reach the situation of the meter data management system 4. In addition, if a power outage occurs that exceeds the time during which the battery 13 can operate, the power of the communication device 16 is turned off, and after the power is restored, the path from the communication device 16 to the concentrator 2 becomes valid until it becomes effective. In some cases, even if the power is restored, there may be a case where the resumption notification cannot be sent immediately. The fact that the path to the concentrator 2 becomes effective means that the smart meter 1 obtains path information related to the path to the concentrator 2 in accordance with the path control protocol, and enables communication with the concentrator 2. In such a case, the sending of the power outage notification from the detection system 9 to the power outage management system 5 will be delayed. In consideration of the above situation, the meter data management system 4 implements a filtering process so as to be able to send out the power outage notification and the power restoration notice to the power outage management system 5 as appropriately as possible.

為實施本實施形態之電錶資料管理系統4的過濾處理，本實施形態之智慧型電錶1係每當停電即賦予停電識別編號。例如，智慧型電錶1在第8圖所示之步驟S3的停電事件的記錄時，對所發生之停電賦予停電識別編號，並記錄停電時刻、停電識別編號以及顯示發生了停電的資訊。再者，智慧型電錶1於第10圖所示之步驟S14之復電事件的記錄時，記錄復電時刻、與所發生之復電對應之停電的停電識別編號以及顯示發生了復電的資訊。此外，智慧型電錶1能夠使用保持中的停電事件之中最近的停電的停電識別編號來作為與所發生之復電對應之停電的停電識別編號。如此一來，智慧型電錶1於發送停電通知或復電通知時，對應的停電識別編號也包含於通知中來發送。 In order to implement the filtering process of the power meter data management system 4 of this embodiment, the smart meter 1 of this embodiment is given a power outage identification number whenever a power outage occurs. For example, when the smart meter 1 records a power outage in step S3 shown in FIG. 8, it assigns a power outage identification number to the outage, and records the power outage time, power outage identification number, and information indicating that a power outage occurred. Furthermore, when the smart meter 1 records the power recovery event in step S14 shown in FIG. 10, it records the time of power recovery, the power failure identification number corresponding to the power failure that occurred, and displays the information that the power recovery occurred. . In addition, the smart meter 1 can use the power outage identification number of the most recent power outage among the power outages being held as the power outage identification number corresponding to the power outage that occurred. In this way, when the smart meter 1 sends a power outage notification or a resumed power notification, the corresponding power outage identification number is also included in the notification to be sent.

亦即，控制部12一旦測出停電的發生，就保持發生停電的時刻與顯示發生了停電的資訊作為停電事件，而一旦測出復電的發生，就保持發生復電的時刻與顯示發生了復電的資訊作為復電事件。再者，控制部12於停電通知的產生時，有未發送的停電事件及未發送的復電事件之中至少一者即未發送事件的情形，則將該未發送事件包含於停電通知。此外，控制部12亦可於復電通知的產生時，有未發送的停電事件及未發送的復電事件之中至少一者之未發送事件的情形，則將該未發送事件包含於復電通知。此外，控制部12亦可於復電通知的產生時，不論是否 未發送或已發送完成都將保持中的停電事件及復電事件之中至少一者包含於復電通知。例如，於復電通知的產生時，也可將復電瞬間前的停電事件包含於復電通知，也可將保持中的所有的停電事件及復電事件包含於復電通知，也可將保持中的停電事件及復電事件之中的一部分包含於復電通知。再者，控制部12也可將復電瞬間前的停電事件與未發送事件包含於復電通知。此外，控制部12亦可於停電通知的產生時，不論是否未發送或已發送完成都將保持中的停電事件及復電事件之中至少一者包含於停電通知。 That is, once the control unit 12 detects the occurrence of a power outage, it maintains the time when the power outage occurred and displays the information that the power outage occurred as a power outage event, and once it detects the occurrence of a power outage, it maintains the time and display of the occurrence of a power outage. The information on the resumption of electricity is used as the event of resumption of electricity. Furthermore, when the control unit 12 generates an outage notification, at least one of the unsent outage event and the unsent resume event is an unsent event, and the unsent event is included in the outage notification. In addition, the control unit 12 may include an unsent event of at least one of the unsent power outage event and the unsent recovery event when the notification of resumption of power is generated. Notice. In addition, the control unit 12 may include at least one of the outage event and the resumption event on hold when the resumption notice is generated, regardless of whether it has not been sent or completed. For example, when the resumption notice is generated, the outage event immediately before the resumption may be included in the resumption notice, or all the outage events and resumption events on hold may be included in the resumption notice. Some of the blackout events and resumption events included in the resumption notice. In addition, the control unit 12 may include the power failure event and the unsent event immediately before the power recovery notification in the power recovery notification. In addition, the control unit 12 may include at least one of the ongoing power failure event and the resumption event whether the power failure notification is generated or not, whether or not it has been sent or completed.

第21圖係顯示實施形態3之儲存於停電通知之資訊之一例的圖。如第21圖所示，停電通知儲存有屬於發生停電或復電的時刻之時刻、停電識別編號以及顯示是屬於停電或復電之任一者的資訊(第21圖中記載為停電/復電)。第21圖中顯示針對停電識別編號為1的停電，係依據實施形態1的停電通知處理判定為不發送停電通知，針對停電識別編號為2的停電，係依據實施形態1的停電通知處理判定為要發送停電通知的例子。此情形下，如在實施形態1所述，未發送的停電及復電事件也包含在停電識別編號為2之停電的停電通知來發送。因此，第21圖所示的例子中，停電識別編號為1之停電及復電的停電識別編號及發生時刻也儲存於停電通知。以上所述以外的智慧型電錶1的動作與實施形態1相同。此外，本實施形態之集中器2及頭端系統3的動作與實施形態1相同。 Fig. 21 is a diagram showing an example of information stored in a power outage notification in the third embodiment. As shown in Figure 21, the power outage notification stores the time that is the moment of the power outage or resumption, the power outage identification number, and information indicating whether it is one of the power outage or resumption. ). Figure 21 shows that for a power outage with the power outage identification number 1, it is determined that the power outage notification is not sent according to the power outage notification process of Embodiment 1. For a power outage with the power outage identification number 2, it is determined as the power outage notification process in Embodiment 1. Example of sending outage notice. In this case, as described in the first embodiment, the unsent power outage and resumption events are also included in the power outage notification with the power outage identification number 2 being sent. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 21, the blackout identification number and the time of occurrence of the blackout and resumption of the blackout identification number 1 are also stored in the blackout notification. The operation of the smart meter 1 other than the above is the same as that of the first embodiment. The operations of the concentrator 2 and the head-end system 3 of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

本實施形態中，電錶資料管理系統4當接 收到停電通知，不會立即將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送，而是在預先決定的復電通知等待時間經過為止的期間，等待接收從該停電通知之發送源的智慧型電錶1來的復電通知。此外，復電通知等待時間也可變更。電錶資料管理系統4從接收停電通知之後起至復電通知等待時間經過為止的期間，未從該停電通知之發送源的智慧型電錶1接收復電通知時，將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。此外，當電錶資料管理系統4從接收停電通知之後起至復電通知等待時間經過之前從該停電通知之發送源的智慧型電錶1接收到復電通知時，就實施停電時間判定處理。停電時間判定處理，係判定停電通知是否比臨限值還長，於停電通知比臨限值還長的情形，電錶資料管理系統4將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。藉由停電時間判定處理而判定為停電時間在臨限值以下時，電錶資料管理系統4不將該停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。 In this embodiment, when the power meter data management system 4 receives the power outage notification, it will not immediately send the power outage notification to the power outage management system 5 but will wait to receive the power outage from the power outage notification period before the waiting time for the predetermined power recovery notice elapses. The notification of the resumption of power from the smart meter 1 that sent the notification. In addition, the waiting time for resumption notification can be changed. When the meter data management system 4 receives the power outage notification and waits for the resumption notification waiting time to elapse, when the smart meter 1 that is the source of the power outage notification does not receive the power outage notification, it sends the power outage notification to the power outage management system 5 . In addition, when the power meter data management system 4 receives the resumption notice from the smart meter 1 that is the source of the outage notice before the waiting time for the resumption notice elapses after receiving the outage notice, the outage time determination process is performed. The blackout time determination process is to determine whether the blackout notification is longer than the threshold value. In the case where the blackout notification is longer than the threshold value, the meter data management system 4 sends the blackout notification to the blackout management system 5. When it is determined by the blackout time determination process that the blackout time is below a threshold value, the power meter data management system 4 does not send the blackout notification to the blackout management system 5.

如以上所述，復電通知等待時間經過的情形時，不等待復電通知的接收，即轉移至停電時間判定處理，藉此即使是發生了丟包或因通信裝置16的電源切斷造成的復電通知之延遲的情形，亦能夠將發送停電通知時之於電錶資料管理系統4的停電通知的滯留時間抑制成與復電通知等待時間同程度。此外，電錶資料管理系統4針對復電通知，係在將對應的停電通知發送完成時，將復電通知往停電管理系統5發送，而於未發送對應的停電通知時，不將復電通知往停電管理系統5發送。 As described above, when the waiting time for the notification of resumption of electricity is passed, without waiting for the receipt of the notification of resumption of electricity, the process is shifted to the determination of the outage time, so that even if a packet loss occurs or the power supply of the communication device 16 is cut off, In the case of the delay in the resumption notice, the residence time of the outage notice in the meter data management system 4 when the outage notice is transmitted can be suppressed to the same level as the waiting time for the resumption notice. In addition, the meter information management system 4 responds to the power failure notification by sending the power failure notification to the power failure management system 5 when the corresponding power failure notification is sent, and when the corresponding power failure notification is not sent, the power failure notification is not sent to The power failure management system 5 sends it.

第22圖係顯示本實施形態之電錶管理系統4之停電管理部43之過濾處理順序之一例的流程圖。如第22圖所示，停電管理部43一旦接收到停電通知(步驟S71)，就開始計時器的計測(步驟S72)。此計時器係用以計測復電通知等待時間的計時器。詳細而言，在步驟S72，停電管理部43透過通信部41接收經由集中器2及頭端系統3之由智慧型電錶1發送的復電通知。 FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing an example of a filtering process procedure by the power failure management section 43 of the power meter management system 4 in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 22, when the power failure management unit 43 receives a power failure notification (step S71), it starts measurement of a timer (step S72). This timer is used to measure the waiting time for notification of resumption. In detail, in step S72, the power failure management section 43 receives the power recovery notification sent by the smart meter 1 via the concentrator 2 and the head-end system 3 through the communication section 41.

停電管理部43判斷是否已接收與停電通知對應的復電通知(步驟S73)。詳細而言，在步驟S73，停電管理部43判斷是否已透過通信部41接收經由集中器2及頭端系統3之由智慧型電錶1發送的復電通知。在已接收與停電通知對應的復電通知時(步驟S73中的是)，停電管理部43判斷停電時間是否比Tm還長(步驟S74)。步驟S74的判定係停電時間判定處理。詳細而言，停電管理部43判斷依據停電的發生時刻及與該停電對應之復電的發生時刻，算出停電時間，並判定所算出的停電時間是否比Tm還長。具體而言，從復電的發生時刻減去停電的發生時刻所得的時間係停電時間。 The power failure management unit 43 determines whether a power failure notification corresponding to the power failure notification has been received (step S73). Specifically, in step S73, the power failure management section 43 determines whether the power recovery notification sent by the smart meter 1 via the concentrator 2 and the head-end system 3 has been received through the communication section 41. When the power failure notification corresponding to the power failure notification has been received (YES in step S73), the power failure management section 43 determines whether the power failure time is longer than Tm (step S74). The determination in step S74 is a blackout time determination process. In detail, the power failure management unit 43 determines a power failure time based on the occurrence time of the power failure and the occurrence time of the power failure corresponding to the power failure, and determines whether the calculated power failure time is longer than Tm. Specifically, the time obtained by subtracting the occurrence time of the blackout from the occurrence time of the power failure is the blackout time.

停電時間比Tm還長時(步驟S74中的是)，停電管理部43將在步驟S71所接收的停電通知透過通信部41往停電管理系統5發送(步驟S75)，而結束過濾處理。 When the power outage is longer than Tm (YES in step S74), the power outage management unit 43 sends the power outage notification received in step S71 to the power outage management system 5 through the communication unit 41 (step S75), and ends the filtering process.

在步驟S73判定為未接收與停電通知對應的復電通知時(步驟S73中的否)，停電管理部43判定計時器是否逾時(步驟S76)。在計時器未逾時的情形(步驟S76 中的否)，停電管理部43再度實施自步驟S73的處理。計時器已逾時的情形(步驟S76中的是)，停電管理部43將處理往步驟S75推進。 When it is determined in step S73 that the power failure notification corresponding to the power outage notification has not been received (NO in step S73), the power outage management unit 43 determines whether the timer has expired (step S76). In a case where the timer has not expired (NO in step S76), the power failure management section 43 executes the processing from step S73 again. In the case where the timer has expired (YES in step S76), the power failure management unit 43 advances the process to step S75.

再者，在步驟S74停電時間為Tm以下時(步驟S74中的否)，停電管理部43結束過濾處理。亦即，停電時間為Tm以下時，停電管理部43不將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。 When the power failure time in step S74 is equal to or shorter than Tm (NO in step S74), the power failure management unit 43 ends the filtering process. That is, when the power outage time is Tm or less, the power outage management unit 43 does not send the power outage notification to the power outage management system 5.

第23圖至第25圖係顯示本實施形態之檢測系統9之動作例的時間圖。第23圖顯示有停電識別編號為1之停電的停電時間比Tm還長，不會發生通信裝置16的電源切斷時的動作例。 23 to 25 are timing charts showing an operation example of the detection system 9 according to this embodiment. FIG. 23 shows an operation example when the power failure time with the power failure identification number 1 is longer than Tm, and the power of the communication device 16 does not occur.

如第23圖所示，在智慧型電錶1係設成停電發生，並對此停電的停電識別編號賦予1(步驟S51)。第23圖中係將停電識別編號為1的停電記載為「停電(1)」。此外，將停電識別編號為1的停電之發生時刻記載為「Tpo(1)」。智慧型電錶1如實施形態1所述的方式，藉由用以計測隨機時間之分散發送用的計時器來計測隨機時間，在隨機時間之後停電仍持續時，將包含Tpo(1)及停電識別編號1的停電通知之PON FAN(1)朝向集中器2發送(步驟S52)。PON FAN(1)係藉由其他的智慧型電錶1來轉送並在集中器2接收。此外，智慧型電錶1鄰接於集中器2時，PON FAN(1)係不藉由其他的智慧型電錶1來轉送而在集中器2接收。 As shown in FIG. 23, the smart meter 1 is set to have a power outage, and the power outage identification number of the power outage is assigned 1 (step S51). In FIG. 23, the power failure with the power failure identification number 1 is described as "power failure (1)". In addition, the occurrence time of the power outage with the power outage identification number of 1 is described as "Tpo (1)". The smart meter 1 measures the random time using the timer for measuring the random transmission of the distributed transmission as described in the first embodiment. When the power failure continues after the random time, it will include Tpo (1) and power failure recognition. The PON FAN (1) of the power failure notification No. 1 is sent to the concentrator 2 (step S52). PON FAN (1) is transmitted by other smart meters 1 and received at concentrator 2. In addition, when the smart meter 1 is adjacent to the concentrator 2, the PON FAN (1) is not transmitted by the other smart meter 1 and is received at the concentrator 2.

集中器2將在匯集時間之期間所接收的停 電通知予以匯集並發送(步驟S53)，此停電通知係藉由頭端系統3往電錶資料管理系統4轉送(步驟S54)。電錶資料管理系統4將接收到包含PON FAN(1)之經匯集的通知設為Tponrx(1)。Tponrx(1)係成為將分散發送計時器1之計測時間亦即隨機時間與屬於從發生停電的智慧型電錶1往集中器2轉送停電通知的時間之轉送時間、屬於在集中器2中匯集通知的時間之匯集時間以及從集中器2往電錶資料管理系統4的轉送時間加算到Tpo(1)所得到的時刻。從集中器2往電錶資料管理系統4的轉送時間，一般與其他的時間比較係為極短，因此在第23圖中省略了圖示。 The concentrator 2 compiles and sends the blackout notification received during the collection time (step S53), and this blackout notification is forwarded to the meter data management system 4 through the headend system 3 (step S54). The meter data management system 4 sets Tponrx (1) as a notification that the aggregated notification including the PON FAN (1) is received. Tponrx (1) is the transfer time of the measurement time of the distributed transmission timer 1, that is, the random time and the time when the blackout is transmitted from the smart meter 1 to the concentrator 2. The aggregate time of the time and the transfer time from the concentrator 2 to the meter data management system 4 are added to the time obtained by Tpo (1). The transfer time from the concentrator 2 to the meter data management system 4 is generally extremely short compared with other times, so the illustration is omitted in FIG. 23.

電錶資料管理系統4如以第22圖之步驟S72所說明，開始計時器的計測(步驟S55)，並計測復電通知等待時間。 The power meter data management system 4 starts the timer measurement (step S55) as described with reference to step S72 in FIG. 22, and measures the waiting time for resumption notification.

相對於此，在智慧型電錶1，停電識別編號為1的停電係恢復供電。亦即，發生與停電識別編號為1的停電對應的復電(步驟S61)。第23圖中，係將與停電識別編號為1的停電對應的復電記載為「復電(1)」。將與停電識別編號為1的停電對應的復電的發生時刻設為Tpr(1)。智慧型電錶1如實施形態1所述，藉由用以計測隨機時間的分散發送計時器來計測隨機時間，在隨機時間之後未停電亦即復電仍持續時，將包含Tpr(1)及停電識別編號1的復電通知即PRN FAN(1)朝向集中器2發送(步驟S62)。PRN FAN(1)係藉由其他的智慧型電錶1來轉送並在集中器2接收。此外，智慧型電錶1鄰接於集中器2時， PRN FAN(1)係不藉由其他的智慧型電錶1來轉送並在集中器2接收。 In contrast, in smart meter 1, the power outage system with power outage identification number 1 resumes power supply. That is, a power recovery corresponding to a power failure with a power failure identification number of 1 occurs (step S61). In FIG. 23, the power restoration corresponding to the power failure with the power failure identification number of 1 is recorded as "Regeneration (1)". The time of occurrence of the power recovery corresponding to the power failure with the power failure identification number of 1 is set to Tpr (1). As described in the first embodiment, the smart meter 1 measures the random time by using a distributed sending timer for measuring the random time. After the random time, there is no power outage, that is, when power is restored, Tpr (1) and power outage will be included. The PRN FAN (1), which is the notification of the power recovery with the identification number 1, is sent to the concentrator 2 (step S62). PRN FAN (1) is transmitted by other smart meters 1 and received at concentrator 2. In addition, when smart meter 1 is adjacent to concentrator 2, PRN FAN (1) is not transmitted by other smart meter 1 and received at concentrator 2.

集中器2將在匯集時間之期間所接收的復電通知予以匯集並發送(步驟S63)，此復電通知係藉由頭端系統3往電錶資料管理系統4轉送(步驟S64)。電錶資料管理系統4將接收到包含PRN FAN(1)之經匯集的通知之時刻設為Tprnrx(1)。Tprnrx(1)係成為將分散發送計時器1之計測時間亦即隨機時間與屬於從發生停電的智慧型電錶1往集中器2轉送停電通知的時間之轉送時間、屬於在集中器2匯集通知的時間之匯集時間以及從集中器2往電錶資料管理系統4的轉送時間加上Tpr(1)所得到的時刻。 The concentrator 2 collects and sends the resumption notification received during the collection time (step S63), and the resumption notification is forwarded to the meter data management system 4 through the headend system 3 (step S64). The meter data management system 4 sets Tprnrx (1) as the time when the aggregated notification including PRN FAN (1) is received. Tprnrx (1) is the transfer time of the measurement time of the distributed transmission timer 1, that is, the random time and the time that is transmitted from the smart meter 1 where the power outage occurred to the concentrator 2 and belongs to the collection notification in the concentrator 2. The time obtained by adding the time and the transfer time from the concentrator 2 to the meter data management system 4 plus Tpr (1).

在第23圖所示的例子係電錶資料管理系統4在復電通知等待時間經過為止的期間，接收復電通知，實施第22圖之步驟S74的處理，亦即判定停電時間是否比Tm還長的處理(步驟S56)。在第23圖所示的例子係判定為停電識別編號為1的停電時間比Tm還長，則發送停電通知(步驟S57)。在第23圖中，將從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送之與停電識別編號1對應的停電通知記載為PON MD(1)。 In the example shown in FIG. 23, the power meter data management system 4 receives the power recovery notification during the waiting period for the power recovery notification, and executes the process of step S74 in FIG. 22, that is, determines whether the power failure time is longer than Tm. Processing (step S56). In the example shown in FIG. 23, it is determined that the power outage identification number 1 is longer than Tm, and a power outage notification is transmitted (step S57). In FIG. 23, the power outage notification corresponding to the power outage identification number 1 sent from the power meter data management system 4 to the power outage management system 5 is described as PON MD (1).

再者，電錶資料管理系統4判斷是否已將與復電通知對應的停電通知往停電管理系統5發送完成(步驟S65)。於此係由於在步驟S57已將停電識別編號為1的停電通知發送完成，所以電錶資料管理系統4將與停電通知對應的復電通知往停電管理系統5發送(步驟S66)。 第23圖中，將從電錶資料管理系統4往停電管理系統5發送之與停電識別編號1對應的復電通知記載為PRN MD(1)。 Furthermore, the power meter data management system 4 determines whether or not the power outage notification corresponding to the power restoration notification has been transmitted to the power outage management system 5 (step S65). Here, because the power outage notification with the power outage identification number of 1 has been sent in step S57, the meter data management system 4 sends the power outage notification corresponding to the power outage notification to the power outage management system 5 (step S66). In FIG. 23, the resumption notice corresponding to the outage identification number 1 sent from the meter data management system 4 to the outage management system 5 is described as PRN MD (1).

第24圖係顯示停電識別編號為1之停電的停電時間比Tm還長，發生通信裝置16之電源的切斷時之動作例。第24圖所示的例子中，從步驟S51至步驟S55、及從步驟S61至步驟S66的處理內容與第23圖所示的例子相同。第24圖所示的例子中，由於發生通信裝置16的電源切斷，智慧型電錶1與集中器2之間的通信成為可能為止前必須有啟動時間，所以與第23圖所示的例子相比較，復電通知的發送會延後。因此，電錶資料管理系統4即使計時器逾時也不接收復電通知。因此，電錶資料管理系統4藉由實施計時器逾時後之與第22圖的步驟S76的處理對應的步驟S58，判定為未接收復電通知，而將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送(步驟S57)。與第23圖所示的例子同樣，由於在步驟S57已將停電識別編號為1的停電通知發送完了，所以電錶資料管理系統4將與停電通知對應的復電通知往停電管理系統5發送(步驟S66)。 FIG. 24 shows an operation example when the power failure time of the power failure identification number 1 is longer than Tm, and the power of the communication device 16 is cut off. In the example shown in FIG. 24, the processing contents from step S51 to step S55 and from step S61 to step S66 are the same as the example shown in FIG. 23. In the example shown in FIG. 24, since the power supply of the communication device 16 is cut off, communication between the smart meter 1 and the concentrator 2 must be started before the communication time becomes possible. Therefore, it is similar to the example shown in FIG. 23 In comparison, the sending of the resumption notice will be delayed. Therefore, the power meter data management system 4 does not receive the resumption notification even if the timer expires. Therefore, the power meter data management system 4 determines that the resumption notification has not been received by performing step S58 corresponding to the processing of step S76 in FIG. 22 after the timer expires, and sends the power outage notification to the power outage management system 5 (step S57). Similar to the example shown in FIG. 23, since the blackout notification of the blackout identification number 1 has been sent in step S57, the meter data management system 4 sends the power failure notification corresponding to the blackout notification to the blackout management system 5 (step S66).

第25圖係顯示停電識別編號為1之停電的停電時間比Tm還短，而無發生通信裝置16之電源的切斷時之動作例。第25圖所示的例子中，從步驟S51至步驟S56、及從步驟S61至步驟S65的處理內容與第23圖所示的例子相同。第25圖所示的例子中，由於顯示停電識別編號為1之停電的停電時間比Tm還短，所以於步驟S56的 判定，係判定為不發送停電通知，不會往停電管理系統5發送停電通知。關於復電通知，由於停電識別編號為1之停電通知並非發送完成，所以電錶資料管理系統4在步驟S65判定為不發送與停電識別編號為1對應的復電通知，而不將復電通知往停電管理系統5發送。 FIG. 25 shows an example of the operation when the power failure time of the power failure identification number 1 is shorter than Tm and no power failure of the communication device 16 occurs. In the example shown in FIG. 25, the processing contents from step S51 to step S56 and from step S61 to step S65 are the same as the example shown in FIG. 23. In the example shown in FIG. 25, because the blackout time of the blackout indicating that the blackout identification number is 1 is shorter than Tm, the determination in step S56 is determined to not send a blackout notification, and no blackout will be sent to the blackout management system 5. Notice. Regarding the power failure notification, since the power failure notification with the power failure identification number 1 is not completed, the meter data management system 4 determines in step S65 that the power failure notification corresponding to the power failure identification number 1 is not sent, and the power recovery notification is not sent to The power failure management system 5 sends it.

此外，如以上所述，本實施形態之智慧型電錶1對各停電賦予停電識別編號。藉此，即使因為在通信路徑上丟包而復電通知未到達電錶資料管理系統4的情形下，亦可防止電錶資料管理系統4錯誤認知復電通知與停電的對應。例如設成與停電識別編號為1的停電對應的停電通知係由電錶資料管理系統4接收，而與停電識別編號為1的停電對應的復電通知未由電錶資料管理系統4接收。如此一來，其後，設成與停電識別編號2的停電對應的停電通知係由電錶資料管理系統4接收，而與停電識別編號為2的停電對應的復電通知由電錶資料管理系統4接收。此狀態下，電錶資料管理系統4變成接收有第26圖所示之資訊的情形。 In addition, as described above, the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment assigns a power failure identification number to each power failure. Thereby, even in the case where the resumption notification does not reach the power meter data management system 4 due to packet loss on the communication path, it is possible to prevent the power meter data management system 4 from erroneously recognizing the correspondence between the power resumption notification and power failure. For example, a power outage notification corresponding to a power outage with a power outage identification number of 1 is received by the meter data management system 4, and a power recovery notification corresponding to a power outage with a power outage identification number of 1 is not received by the power meter data management system 4. In this way, thereafter, a power outage notification corresponding to the power outage with the power outage identification number 2 is received by the power meter data management system 4, and a power resumption notification corresponding to the power outage with the power outage identification number 2 is received by the power meter data management system 4. . In this state, the meter data management system 4 becomes a case where the information shown in FIG. 26 is received.

第26圖係顯示本實施形態之電錶管理系統4接收到的資訊之一例的圖。如第26圖所示，電錶資料管理系統4成為未保持與停電識別編號為1的停電對應之復電的時刻的情形。此情形下，假使未對各停電賦予停電識別編號，則電錶資料管理系統4一旦接收到與停電識別編號為2的停電對應之復電通知時，就有可能將該復電通知誤認為與停電識別編號為1的停電對應之復電。當該誤認 產生時，停電識別編號為1的停電會被判定為比原本的停電時間還長的停電時間。本實施形態係藉由對各停電賦予停電識別編號而能夠抑制此類的錯誤。 FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example of information received by the power meter management system 4 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 26, the power meter data management system 4 is in a state where the time for power restoration corresponding to the power failure with the power failure identification number 1 is not maintained. In this case, if no blackout identification number is assigned to each blackout, once the power meter data management system 4 receives a power outage notification corresponding to the blackout in which the blackout identification number is 2, it is possible to mistake the blackout notification as a blackout The resumption of power corresponding to the outage with identification number 1. When this misidentification occurs, a power outage with a power outage identification number of 1 will be determined as a power outage longer than the original power outage. In the present embodiment, such an error can be suppressed by assigning a power failure identification number to each power failure.

此外，以上的說明係智慧型電錶1進行以實施形態1所述的動作的例子，惟在智慧型電錶1進行以實施形態2所述的動作的例子時，也可與上述的說明同樣地由智慧型電錶1對各停電賦予停電識別編號，而電錶資料管理系統4實施本實施形態所說明的動作。 In addition, the above description is an example in which the smart meter 1 performs an operation described in Embodiment 1. However, when the smart meter 1 performs an example in which the operation described in Embodiment 2 is performed, the same operation can be performed as described above. The smart meter 1 assigns a power outage identification number to each power outage, and the power meter data management system 4 implements the operations described in this embodiment.

再者，以上的說明中電錶資料管理系統4雖實施第22圖所示的處理，惟也可予以變更為由頭端系統3或集中器2實施第22圖所示的處理。 In the above description, although the power meter data management system 4 performs the processing shown in FIG. 22, it may be changed to the head end system 3 or the concentrator 2 to perform the processing shown in FIG. 22.

如以上說明，本實施形態的智慧型電錶1實施與實施形態1同樣的停電通知處理及復電通知處理，電錶資料管理系統4在接受停電通知之後起至經過復電通知等待時間為止的期間，未接收從該停電通知之發送源之智慧型電錶1來的復電通知時，將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。此外，電錶資料管理系統4接受停電通知之後起至經過復電通知等待為止的期間，接收到從該停電通知之發送源之智慧型電錶1來的復電通知時，於停電時間超過臨限值時將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送，停電時間在臨限值以下時不將停電通知往停電管理系統5發送。藉由以上的動作，可獲得與實施形態1同樣的效果，並且即使因丟包或通信裝置16的電源切斷而導致產生復電通知的延遲時，也能夠將發送停電通知時在電錶資料管理系統 4的停電通知的滯留時間抑制到與復電通知等待時間相同程度。 As described above, the smart meter 1 according to this embodiment implements the same blackout notification processing and resumption notification processing as in the first embodiment. The meter data management system 4 receives the blackout notification and waits until the resumption notification waiting time elapses. If the resumption notification from the smart meter 1 that is the source of the outage notification is not received, the outage notification is sent to the outage management system 5. In addition, when the power meter data management system 4 receives the power outage notification and waits for the resumption notification waiting period, when it receives the power resumption notification from the smart meter 1 that is the source of the power outage notification, the power outage exceeds the threshold The power outage notification is sent to the power outage management system 5 at times, and the power outage notification is not sent to the power outage management system 5 when the power outage time is below the threshold. With the above operation, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and even if the resumption notification is delayed due to a packet loss or a power cut of the communication device 16, the transmission of the power outage notification can be managed in the meter data. The residence time of the power failure notification in the system 4 is suppressed to the same level as the waiting time for the power failure notification.

以上的實施形態所示的構成係表示本發明之內容之一例者，能夠與其他公知的技術組合，且能夠在不脫離本發明之主旨的範圍內，省略、變更構成的一部分。 The configuration shown in the above embodiment shows an example of the content of the present invention, and can be combined with other known technologies, and a part of the configuration can be omitted or changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (23)

一種通信裝置，係在停電的開始起預定的時間以下之瞬間的停電不會發送停電通知，且在停電時以電池作為電源來動作者，前述通信裝置係包括：控制部，係從測出停電的發生之後起，經過屬於隨機決定之時間的第一時間之後，產生用以表示發生了停電之停電通知；以及通信部，係發送前述停電通知；前述第一時間的最小值為0秒，前述第一時間比藉由前述電池而可動作之時間還短。A communication device is a person who does not send a power outage notification when the power outage occurs at a moment below a predetermined time from the start of the power outage, and uses a battery as a power source to operate during a power outage. The communication device includes a control unit that detects the power outage. From the time of the occurrence, after the first time that is a randomly determined time, a power outage notification to indicate that a power outage has occurred; and the communication department sends the power outage notification; the minimum value of the first time is 0 seconds, The first time is shorter than the time during which the battery can operate. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部從測出前述停電的發生之後起經過前述第一時間之後，判斷是否已復電，未復電時產生前述停電通知，有復電時不產生前述停電通知。The communication device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the control unit determines whether the power has been restored after the first time has elapsed after detecting the occurrence of the power outage. The power failure notice is generated when the power is not restored. The aforementioned blackout notice will not be generated when power is restored. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部對每次發生的停電賦予用以識別停電的停電識別編號，並將前述停電識別編號與發生了停電的時刻包含於前述停電通知。The communication device according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit assigns a power outage identification number for identifying a power outage to each power outage, and includes the power outage identification number and the time when the power outage occurred. The aforementioned blackout notice. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部係從測出復電的發生之後起，經過屬於隨機決定之時間亦即第二時間之後，產生用以表示發生了復電之復電通知，前述第二時間的最小值為0秒，前述通信部係發送前述復電通知。The communication device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit generates a signal indicating that a power recovery has occurred after a time that is randomly determined, that is, a second time after the occurrence of power recovery is detected. For the resumption notification, the minimum value of the second time is 0 seconds, and the communication unit sends the resumption notification. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部係從測出前述復電的發生之後起，經過前述第二時間之後，判斷是否停電中，未停電時產生前述復電通知，停電中時不產生前述復電通知。The communication device according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit determines whether a power outage is occurring after detecting the occurrence of the power restoration and after the second time elapses, and the power restoration notice is generated when the power is not interrupted. During the power outage, the aforementioned resumption notice will not be generated. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部係從測出前述復電的發生之後起，經過一定時間之後，判斷是否停電中，未停電時則於經過前述第二時間之後產生前述復電通知，停電中時不產生前述復電通知。The communication device according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit determines whether a power outage has occurred after a certain period of time has elapsed since the occurrence of the power restoration, and the second time period elapses if there is no power outage. The aforementioned notice of resumption of power is generated thereafter, and the aforementioned notice of resumption of power is not generated during a power outage. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部將發生了復電的時刻及與該復電對應的停電之停電識別編號包含於前述復電通知。The communication device according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit includes the time when the resumption occurred and the power outage identification number corresponding to the power outage in the resumption notice. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部將發生了復電的時刻及與該復電對應的停電之停電識別編號包含於前述復電通知。The communication device according to item 5 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the control unit includes the time when the resumption occurred and the power outage identification number corresponding to the power outage in the resumption notice. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部將發生了復電的時刻及與該復電對應的停電之停電識別編號包含於前述復電通知。The communication device according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control unit includes the time when the resumption occurred and the power outage identification number corresponding to the power outage included in the resumption notice. 如申請專利範圍第4至9項中任一項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述控制部一旦測出停電的發生，就保持發生了停電的時刻與顯示發生了停電的資訊作為停電事件，一旦測出復電的發生，就保持發生了復電的時刻與顯示發生了復電的資訊作為復電事件，前述停電通知的產生時，有未發送的前述停電事件及未發送的前述復電事件之中之至少一者之未發送事件時，即將該未發送事件包含於前述停電通知，前述復電通知的產生時，將前述停電事件包含於前述復電通知，或有未發送的前述停電事件及未發送的前述復電事件之中之至少一者之未發送事件時，則將該未發送事件包含於前述復電通知。The communication device according to any one of claims 4 to 9 in the scope of patent application, wherein, once the aforementioned control unit detects the occurrence of a power outage, it maintains the time when the power outage occurred and the information indicating that the power outage occurred as a power outage event. When the occurrence of the resumption is detected, the time when the resumption occurred and the information indicating the occurrence of the resumption are maintained as the resumption event. When the notice of the outage occurs, there are the unsent outage event and the unsent resurgence event. When at least one of the unsent events is included, the unsent event is included in the aforementioned power outage notice, and when the aforementioned reinstatement notice is generated, the aforementioned outage event is included in the aforementioned reinstatement notice, or there is an unsent aforementioned outage event And an unsent event of at least one of the previously-re-sent power-recovery events, the un-sent event is included in the aforementioned re-powered notification. 如申請專利範圍第4至9項中任一項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述第二時間的最大值係比前述第一時間的最大值還長。The communication device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the maximum value of the second time is longer than the maximum value of the first time. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述第二時間的最大值係比前述第一時間的最大值還長。The communication device as described in claim 10, wherein the maximum value of the second time is longer than the maximum value of the first time. 如申請專利範圍第4至9項中任一項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述第一時間及前述第二時間係分別依據前述通信裝置之固有的識別資訊來產生。The communication device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the first time and the second time are generated based on the identification information inherent to the communication device, respectively. 如申請專利範圍第1、2、4至9項中任一項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係搭載於計測使用電量的檢測裝置，發送藉由前述檢測裝置所計測出的計量結果。The communication device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 to 9, in which the communication device is mounted on a detection device that measures the amount of power used, and sends a measurement result measured by the detection device. . 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係搭載於計測使用電量的檢測裝置，發送藉由前述檢測裝置所計測出的計量結果。The communication device according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the communication device is mounted on a detection device that measures the amount of power used and sends a measurement result measured by the detection device. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係搭載於計測使用電量的檢測裝置，發送藉由前述檢測裝置所計測出的計量結果。The communication device according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the communication device is mounted on a detection device that measures a used power amount, and transmits a measurement result measured by the detection device. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係搭載於計測使用電量的檢測裝置，發送藉由前述檢測裝置所計測出的計量結果。The communication device according to item 11 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the communication device is mounted on a detection device that measures a used power amount, and transmits a measurement result measured by the detection device. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係搭載於計測使用電量的檢測裝置，發送藉由前述檢測裝置所計測出的計量結果。The communication device according to item 13 of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the communication device is mounted on a detection device for measuring a used power amount, and transmits a measurement result measured by the detection device. 如申請專利範圍第1、2、4至9項中任一項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係與其他通信裝置一同構成多點跳躍網路，前述停電通知係經由前述多點跳躍網路而發送至停電管理系統。The communication device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 to 9, in which the aforementioned communication device constitutes a multipoint hopping network together with other communication devices, and the power outage notification is via the aforementioned multipoint hopping Network and send it to the outage management system. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之通信裝置，其中，前述通信裝置係與其他通信裝置一同構成多點跳躍網路，前述停電通知係經由前述多點跳躍網路而發送至停電管理系統。The communication device according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the communication device and other communication devices together form a multipoint hop network, and the power outage notification is sent to the power outage management system via the multipoint hop network. 一種檢測系統，包括：檢測裝置，係具備計測使用電量之計量部及發送藉由前述計量部所計測出的計量結果之通信部；主站，係從前述檢測裝置接收前述計量結果，發送所接收的計量結果；以及電錶資料管理系統，係透過前述主站而從前述檢測裝置接收前述使用電量，前述通信裝置，係在停電的開始起預定的時間以下之瞬間的停電不會發送停電通知，且在停電時以電池作為電源來動作者，前述通信裝置係具備：控制部，係從測出停電的發生之後起，經過屬於隨機決定之時間的第一時間之後，產生用以表示發生了停電之停電通知；以及通信部，係將前述停電通知朝往前述主站發送，前述主站係將所接收的前述停電通知往前述電錶資料管理系統發送，前述第一時間的最小值為0秒，前述第一時間比藉由前述電池而可動作之時間還短。A detection system includes: a detection device having a measurement unit for measuring power consumption and a communication unit that transmits a measurement result measured by the measurement unit; a master station that receives the measurement result from the detection device and sends the received And the meter data management system, which receives the power consumption from the detection device through the master station, and the communication device does not send out a power outage notification when the power outage occurs at a moment below a predetermined time from the start of the power outage, and For a person who operates with a battery as a power source during a power outage, the aforementioned communication device includes a control unit that generates a signal indicating that a power outage has occurred after the first time that is a randomly determined time has elapsed since the occurrence of the power outage. The blackout notice; and the communication department sends the blackout notice to the master station, and the master station sends the received blackout notice to the meter data management system. The minimum value of the first time is 0 seconds. The first time is shorter than the time during which the battery can operate. 如申請專利範圍第21項所述之檢測系統，其中，前述控制部係從測出復電的發生之後起，經過屬於隨機決定之第二時間之後，產生顯示發生了復電的復電通知，對每一發生的停電賦予識別停電的停電識別編號，將前述停電識別編號與發生了停電的時刻包含於前述停電通知，並將發生了復電的時刻及與該復電對應之停電的停電識別編號包含於復電通知，前述通信部係將前述復電通知朝往前述主站發送，前述主站係將所接收的前述復電通知往前述電錶資料管理系統發送，前述電錶資料管理系統係執行下列內容：在接收到前述停電通知之後起一定時間以內接收到包含與前述停電通知相同的前述停電識別編號之前述復電通知時，依據前述發生了停電的時刻與前述發生了復電的時刻來算出停電時間，所算出的停電時間超過臨限值時將前述停電通知往停電管理系統發送，前述停電時間在前述臨限值以下時不將前述停電通知往停電管理系統發送，在接收前述停電通知之後起經過一定時間也未接收到包含與前述停電通知相同的前述停電識別編號之前述復電通知時，將前述停電通知往前述停電管理系統發送。The detection system according to item 21 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned control unit generates a reinstatement notice indicating that the reoccurrence of electricity has occurred after a second time that is randomly determined after the occurrence of the reoccurrence of electricity, Each outage is given a blackout identification number that identifies the blackout, and the blackout identification number and the time when the blackout occurred are included in the blackout notice, and the time when the power failure occurred and the blackout identification corresponding to the blackout The number is included in the resumption notice. The aforementioned communication department sends the resumption notice to the main station. The main station sends the received resumption notice to the aforementioned meter data management system. The aforementioned meter data management system executes The following content: When receiving the aforementioned power outage notification containing the same power outage identification number as the aforementioned power outage notification within a certain period of time after receiving the aforementioned power outage notification, based on the time when the power outage occurred and the time when the power outage occurred. Calculate the power outage time. When the calculated power outage time exceeds the threshold, notify the aforementioned power outage to the power outage management. If the power outage is below the threshold, the power outage notification will not be sent to the power outage management system. After receiving the power outage notification for a certain period of time, no power outage containing the same power outage identification number as the power outage notification will be received. When the power restoration notice is sent, the power failure notice is sent to the power failure management system. 一種停電通知方法，係於檢測系統的停電通知方法，該檢測系統係具備：檢測裝置，係發送計測使用電量所得的計量結果，在停電的開始起預定的時間以下之瞬間的停電不會發送停電通知，且在停電時以電池作為電源來動作；主站，係從前述檢測裝置接收前述計量結果並發送所接收的計量結果；以及電錶資料管理系統，係透過前述主站而從前述檢測裝置接收前述使用電量，該停電通知方法係包含：第一步驟，係前述檢測裝置從測出停電的發生之後起，經過屬於隨機決定之時間的第一時間之後，將用以表示發生了停電之停電通知朝往前述主站發送；以及第二步驟，係前述主站將前述停電通知往前述電錶資料管理系統發送，前述第一時間的最小值為0秒，前述第一時間比藉由前述電池而可動作之時間還短。A power failure notification method relates to a power failure notification method of a detection system. The detection system is provided with: a detection device that sends a measurement result obtained by measuring a used power amount, and a power failure is not transmitted at a time instant below a predetermined time from the start of the power failure. Notification, and operates with the battery as a power source in the event of a power outage; the master station receives the measurement results from the detection device and sends the received measurement results; and the meter data management system receives from the detection device through the master station The aforementioned power consumption notification method includes: a first step, after the detection device detects the occurrence of a power outage, after the first time that belongs to a randomly determined time, the detection device will use the power outage notification to indicate that a power outage has occurred. Sending to the aforementioned master station; and the second step is that the aforementioned master station sends the power outage notification to the meter data management system. The minimum value of the first time is 0 seconds, and the first time ratio can be obtained through the battery. The action time is short.
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