TWI664034B

TWI664034B - A cold-drawn processing apparatus and a processing method

Info

Publication number: TWI664034B
Application number: TW106128309A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 錦明呂
Original assignee: 呂錦明
Priority date: 2017-03-06
Filing date: 2017-08-21
Publication date: 2019-07-01
Also published as: AU2018201354A1; CN107186188A; AU2018201354B2; CN107186188B; TW201832844A

Abstract

本發明適用於機械加工技術領域，提供一種冷拉加工設備及其加工方法，設備包括：至少一個引錠裝置，引錠裝置包括引錠桿和引錠頭，引錠頭可移除的安裝在引錠桿之下；在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，引錠頭穿過結晶器的流通通道***保溫爐的合金熔液中，從保溫爐內向上牽引合金件；至少一個拉矯機包括：定位裝置，在引錠裝置牽引合金件向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置夾緊合金件的上部；衝擊錘，在定位裝置夾緊合金件的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置至引錠桿和引錠頭分離；夾剪，在引錠裝置牽引合金件向上達到第二預定位置時，夾剪完全閉合，對合金件進行剪斷操作。借此，本發明提供的冷拉加工設備及方法節省在冷拉加工中的加工程式以及加工時間和能源。 The invention is applicable to the field of mechanical processing technology, and provides a cold-drawing processing device and a processing method thereof. The device includes: at least one starter device. The starter device includes a starter rod and a starter head. Under the ingot bar; at the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the ingot head is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace through the circulation channel of the mold, and the alloy pieces are pulled upward from the holding furnace; at least one drawing straightening machine The positioning device includes a positioning device that clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece when the ingot device pulls the alloy piece upward to the first predetermined position, and an impact hammer that strikes the ingot device to the pulling portion when the positioning device grips the upper portion of the alloy piece The ingot rod is separated from the starter head; the clip shear is completely closed when the ingot pulling device pulls the alloy piece up to the second predetermined position, and the alloy piece is cut. Therefore, the cold drawing processing equipment and method provided by the present invention save processing programs, processing time and energy in cold drawing processing.

Description

冷拉加工設備及其加工方法 Cold drawing processing equipment and processing method

本發明涉及機械加工技術領域，尤其涉及一種冷拉加工設備及其加工方法。 The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a cold-drawing processing device and a processing method thereof.

在機械加工中，以冷拉方式生產鋁合金棒比用熱拉的方式生成的鋁合金棒有較多優點，包括表面光潔、尺寸精度高，可控制合金棒的強度及硬度。而進一步，冷拉方式生產的金屬，是持續鑄造方式的其中一種方式，即(Continuous casting或strand casting)，持續鑄造方式能提高產量、品質、生產率及成本效益。具體地，持續鑄造方式是一種能以較低成本生產較高品質的金屬材料。這種鑄造方式亦適用於銅合金，鋅合金及其他合金材料。 In mechanical processing, aluminum alloy rods produced by cold drawing have more advantages than aluminum alloy rods produced by hot drawing, including smooth surface, high dimensional accuracy, and can control the strength and hardness of alloy rods. Furthermore, the metal produced by the cold drawing method is one of the continuous casting methods (that is, continuous casting or continuous casting). The continuous casting method can improve the output, quality, productivity, and cost efficiency. Specifically, the continuous casting method is a metal material capable of producing higher quality at a lower cost. This casting method is also applicable to copper alloy, zinc alloy and other alloy materials.

而在現有技術之中，使用冷拉方式，使用一個保溫器，將金屬熔液儲存在一個維持大至些微高於金屬熔點的溫度，例如鋁的熔點為660.3℃，或不同成份鋁合金的熔點不同：中國標準(國標)如下表1所示表1In the prior art, the cold drawing method is used, and a heat preservation device is used to store the molten metal at a temperature maintained to be slightly higher than the melting point of the metal, for example, the melting point of aluminum is 660.3 ° C, or the melting points of aluminum alloys of different compositions Different: Chinese standards (national standards) are shown in Table 1 below Table 1

中國標準(國標)各鋁合金牌號的化學成份如下表2所示： The chemical composition of each aluminum alloy grade of Chinese standard (national standard) is shown in Table 2 below:

在其中一個持續鑄造鋁合金的方式之中，冷拉方式生產的鋁棒能提供一種有效的生產方法，進一步，冷拉方式生產的金屬，是持續鑄造方式的其中一種方式，其中以上拉式的流程，向上拉約8米就剪斷，生成8米長的鋁合金棒。如果要改變合金棒的長度，或改為生產鋁合金坯(slab)或合金錠(ingot)，例如1米長的坯，則冷拉工具都需要調整或不能處理。 In one of the methods of continuous casting of aluminum alloy, the aluminum rod produced by cold drawing can provide an effective production method. Further, the metal produced by cold drawing is one of the methods of continuous casting. In the process, it is cut by pulling about 8 meters upward to generate an 8-meter-long aluminum alloy rod. If the length of the alloy rod is to be changed, or the aluminum alloy billet (slab) or alloy ingot (ingot) is produced instead, such as a 1-meter billet, the cold-drawn tools need to be adjusted or cannot be processed.

鋁合金在高溫，亦即在接近或大致高於熔點時鋁合金較軟、粘性大、流動性差，容易粘模，形成冷拉所須要的條件。將鋁合金的原材料按份量，例如上述不同國家標準的牌號所代表的不同金屬的比例調整，放在工頻爐(the line frequency furnace)加熱熔解，由於使用電為能源加熱，又稱工頻電爐，工頻爐能使金屬熔化和升溫，且加熱均勻燒損少，便於調節金屬液的成份、污染小。工頻電爐的缺點是熔化冷料速度慢、冷爐啟動需啟動塊、生產不夠靈活，所以較適合持續性冶煉的流程。工頻電爐功率因數低，需配置大量補償電容器，也增加了占地面積和設備投資。一般的工頻電爐容量為6至10噸之間。在其他實施方案，亦有使用電阻爐代替工頻電爐用作加熱合金的原材料。更進一步，亦有使用其他能源的包括天然氣熔爐。具體的，在工頻電爐加熱並熔化金屬為液體，並流向保溫爐，保持在鋁合金的熔點之上，並作為加工程式中的靜置步驟，靜置步驟是在保溫靜置的過程中讓金屬熔液中的氣體緩慢向上升以至儘量讓金屬熔液中的氣體完全溢出。經過靜置程式後，可以進行引杆，引杆裝置大至包括設置在保溫爐上的結晶器，結晶器主要功能是將合金熔液冷卻，結晶器大至中空，金屬熔液在結晶器內流過及冷卻，結晶器的內截面為圓形時可成冷拉金屬圓形棒、或內截面為矩形時可成冷拉金屬矩形棒。結晶器一般由石墨模、水冷套、保護套等組成，當金屬熔液進入結晶器內腔，進行一次冷卻，在持續鑄造的過程，冷卻了的金屬棒向上離開結晶器的內腔，接觸到空氣，進行二次冷卻。(詳細的圖及文字說明，可參考附上的銅線坯連鑄持術6.1及6.12，及網路http：//www.chinabaike.com/z/yj/tong/719543.html，附上檔雖然是討論關於銅管的鑄造，但結構上是一致的，內容談及的溫度就要適應不同熔點。) At high temperatures, that is, when aluminum alloy is close to or substantially higher than the melting point, aluminum alloys are softer, more viscous, and less fluid. They are likely to stick to the mold and form the conditions required for cold drawing. The raw materials of the aluminum alloy are adjusted according to the amount, such as the proportion of different metals represented by the different national standards, and placed in the line frequency furnace for heating and melting. Because electricity is used for energy heating, it is also called industrial frequency electric furnace The industrial frequency furnace can make the metal melt and heat up, and the heating evenly burns less, it is easy to adjust the composition of the metal liquid, and the pollution is small. The disadvantages of the power frequency electric furnace are the slow melting of cold materials, the need to start blocks for cold furnace startup, and the production is not flexible enough, so it is more suitable for continuous smelting processes. Power frequency electric furnace has a low power factor and requires a large number of compensation capacitors, which also increases the area and equipment investment. The general power frequency electric furnace capacity is between 6 and 10 tons. In other embodiments, a resistance furnace is used instead of a power frequency electric furnace as a raw material for heating alloys. Furthermore, there are natural gas furnaces that use other energy sources. Specifically, in a power frequency electric furnace, the metal is heated and melted as a liquid, and flows to the holding furnace, is maintained above the melting point of the aluminum alloy, and is used as a standing step in a processing program. The gas in the molten metal slowly rises so as to allow the gas in the molten metal to completely escape. After the static program, the lead rod can be carried. The lead rod device includes a crystallizer set on a holding furnace. The main function of the crystallizer is to cool the alloy melt, the mold is hollow, and the metal melt is in the crystallizer. Flow through and cool. When the internal cross section of the crystallizer is circular, it can be a cold-drawn metal round rod, or when the internal cross-section is rectangular, it can be a cold-drawn metal rectangular rod. The mold is generally composed of a graphite mold, a water cooling jacket, a protective jacket, etc. When the molten metal enters the cavity of the mold, it is cooled once. During the continuous casting process, the cooled metal rod leaves the cavity of the mold upward and contacts the mold. Air, secondary cooling. (For detailed diagrams and text descriptions, please refer to the attached copper wire billet continuous casting operations 6.1 and 6.12, and the Internet http://www.chinabaike.com/z/yj/tong/719543.html, attached file Although the discussion is about the casting of copper pipes, the structure is the same, and the temperature mentioned in the content should be adapted to different melting points.)

此外，現有技術之中，鑄造合金棒的標準長度為6米或其他長度，即以上述的冷拉技術所製造的合金棒，當冷拉棒拉到一特別長度時，設置於拉矯機之內的一對夾剪(a pair of shears)剪斷金屬棒，並繼續牽引下一節的合金棒向上。 In addition, in the prior art, the standard length of the cast alloy rod is 6 meters or other lengths, that is, the alloy rod manufactured by the above-mentioned cold drawing technology is arranged in the drawing straightening machine when the cold drawing rod is drawn to a special length. A pair of shears inside cuts the metal rod and continues to pull the alloy rod in the next section upward.

進一步，如果要調校合金棒的長度，以至改為生產合金坯，長度為1米，則需要停爐調整夾剪的高度。以上述背景資料所述，由於工頻爐及保溫燼的溫度及容量，停產到回復正常生產所需能量及時間較多，停產以調整金屬棒的長度或轉為生產錠費時及浪費能源。 Further, if the length of the alloy rod is to be adjusted to produce alloy billets with a length of 1 meter, the furnace needs to be stopped to adjust the height of the clip shears. According to the above background information, due to the temperature and capacity of the power-frequency furnace and the thermal insulation embers, it takes a lot of energy and time to stop production to resume normal production. Stopping production to adjust the length of the metal rods or converting to ingot production takes time and wastes energy.

綜上可知，現有的冷拉加工技術，在實際使用上，顯然存在不便與缺陷，所以有必要加以改進。To sum up, it is obvious that the existing cold drawing processing technology has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it.

針對上述的缺陷，本發明的目的在於提供一種冷拉加工設備及其加工方法，以節省在冷拉加工中的加工程式以及加工時間和能源。 In view of the foregoing defects, an object of the present invention is to provide a cold drawing processing device and a processing method thereof, so as to save a processing program, processing time and energy in cold drawing processing.

為了實現上述目的，本發明提供一種冷拉加工設備，用於加工合金件，該冷拉加工設備包括原材料熔化爐、保溫爐以及至少一個結晶器，其特徵在於，該冷拉加工設備還包括：至少一個引錠裝置，該引錠裝置包括引錠桿和引錠頭，該引錠頭可移除的安裝在該引錠桿之下；並且在該冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，該引錠頭穿過該結晶器的流通通道***該保溫爐的合金熔液中，從該保溫爐內向上牽引該合金件；至少一個拉矯機，包括：定位裝置，在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第一預定位置時，該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部；衝擊錘，在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，敲擊該引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離；夾剪，在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第二預定位置時，該夾剪完全閉合，對該合金件進行剪斷操作。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cold drawing processing device for processing alloy parts. The cold drawing processing device includes a raw material melting furnace, a holding furnace, and at least one crystallizer. The cold drawing processing device further includes: At least one initiation device, the initiation device comprising an ingot bar and an ingot head, the ingot head is removably installed under the ingot bar; and at the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the The ingot head is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace through the circulation channel of the crystallizer, and the alloy piece is pulled upward from the holding furnace; at least one drawing straightening machine includes a positioning device, and the ingot device pulls the ingot device. When the alloy piece reaches the first predetermined position upward, the positioning device clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece; the impact hammer, when the positioning device clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece, strikes the ingot device to the ingot rod and the lead rod Ingot head separation; clip shears, when the ingot pulling device pulls the alloy piece up to a second predetermined position, the clip shears are completely closed, and the alloy piece is sheared.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該拉矯機還包括：至少兩對牽引夾子，包括上位牽引夾子和下位牽引夾子，在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，該上位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的上部，並且在該上位牽引夾子持續牽引該合金件達到該第二預定位置時，該下位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的下部；衝擊錘驅動器，包括彈簧和加壓在該彈簧上的驅動馬達，該彈簧與該衝擊錘連接；該衝擊錘驅動器通過該驅動馬達的轉動加壓在該彈簧上，驅動該衝擊錘敲擊該引錠裝置。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the drawing straightening machine further includes at least two pairs of traction clips, including an upper traction clip and a lower traction clip, and the upper traction clip holds the alloy when the positioning device clamps the upper part of the alloy piece. The upper part of the part, and when the upper traction clip continues to pull the alloy part to the second predetermined position, the lower traction clip grips the lower part of the alloy part; the impact hammer driver includes a spring and a drive pressurized on the spring A motor, the spring is connected with the impact hammer; the impact hammer driver is pressed on the spring by the rotation of the drive motor, and drives the impact hammer to strike the ingot device.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該夾剪在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第三預定位置時，該夾剪部分閉合，對該合金件進行部分夾剪的操作，在該部分夾剪的操作後，該合金件上的相應位置獲得弱折點。 According to the cold-drawing processing equipment, when the clip shears the alloy ingot to pull the alloy piece upward to a third predetermined position, the clip shear is partially closed, and the clip operation is partially performed on the alloy piece. After operation, the corresponding position on the alloy piece obtained a weak turning point.

根據該冷拉加工設備，被剪斷的該合金件的長度為第一預定長度；該第三預定位置包括多個，該合金件上具有多個弱折點，兩個相鄰的該弱折點之間的長度為第二預定長度；該第一預定長度大於該第二預定長度。 According to the cold-drawing processing equipment, the length of the alloy piece being cut is a first predetermined length; the third predetermined position includes a plurality of the alloy pieces having a plurality of weak folds, and two adjacent weak folds The length between the points is a second predetermined length; the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該夾剪在第一預定位置時，完全張開；該夾剪部分閉合為該夾剪閉合度為40%。 According to the cold-drawing processing equipment, when the clip shear is in the first predetermined position, it is fully opened; the clip shear is partially closed so that the clip shear is 40% closed.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該冷拉加工設備還包括：控制器，該控制器預設該第一預定位置、第二預定位置以及第三預定位置，以及控制該冷拉加工設備的冷拉加工過程。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the cold drawing processing equipment further includes a controller that presets the first predetermined position, the second predetermined position, and the third predetermined position, and controls the cold drawing processing of the cold drawing processing device. process.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該結晶器包括：內套，其內設置有該流通通道；外套，設置於該內套之外，並且與該內套構成一空間，該空間流通冷卻液。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the crystallizer includes: an inner sleeve provided with the circulation channel therein; and an outer sleeve disposed outside the inner sleeve and forming a space with the inner sleeve, and the space circulates a cooling liquid.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該流通通道的橫截面為圓形或者矩形；該內套和/或外套的材質為石墨；該冷卻液為水或者機油。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the cross-section of the circulation channel is circular or rectangular; the material of the inner sleeve and / or outer sleeve is graphite; and the cooling liquid is water or motor oil.

根據該的冷拉加工設備，該引錠頭包括上端部和下端部，該引錠頭的上端部的外形大於下端部；該引錠頭的上端部開設有凹槽，該凹槽與該引錠桿的底部相適配，並且該凹槽的橫截面為圓形或者矩形。 According to the cold-drawing processing equipment, the starter head includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion, and an outer shape of the upper end portion of the starter head is larger than a lower end portion; a groove is formed at an upper end portion of the starter head, and the groove is connected with the guide portion. The bottom of the spindle is adapted, and the cross section of the groove is round or rectangular.

根據該的冷拉加工設備，該拉矯機還包括：結晶器固定裝置，將至少一個該結晶器固定，並且控制該結晶器的升降及位移；固定柱，將該定位裝置、夾剪、衝擊錘、牽引夾子以及衝擊錘驅動器進行固定；該定位裝置、夾剪以及牽引夾子的安裝中心處於同一軸線上。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the drawing straightening machine further includes: a crystallizer fixing device, which fixes at least one of the crystallizer, and controls the lifting and displacement of the crystallizer; a fixed column, the positioning device, a clip shear, and an impact The hammer, the traction clip and the impact hammer driver are fixed; the installation centers of the positioning device, the clip shears and the traction clip are on the same axis.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該原材料熔化爐與保溫爐相互連通；該合金件為合金棒或者合金錠。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the raw material melting furnace and the holding furnace communicate with each other; the alloy piece is an alloy rod or an alloy ingot.

根據該冷拉加工設備，該合金棒為鋁合金棒；該合金錠為鋁合金錠。 According to the cold drawing processing equipment, the alloy rod is an aluminum alloy rod; the alloy ingot is an aluminum alloy ingot.

為了實現本發明的另一發明目的，本發明還提供了一種利用上述任一項的冷拉加工設備加工合金件的方法，該冷拉加工設備包括原材料熔化爐、保溫爐以及至少一個結晶器，該方法包括：A、至少一個引錠裝置在該冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，該引錠裝置的引錠頭穿過該結晶器的流通通道***該保溫爐的合金熔液中，從該保溫爐內向上牽引該合金件；B、至少一個拉矯機的定位裝置在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第一預定位置時，該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部；C、該拉矯機的衝擊錘在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，敲擊該引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離；D、該拉矯機的夾剪在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第二預定位置時完全閉合，並對該合金件進行剪斷操作。 In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for processing alloy parts by using the cold drawing processing equipment of any one of the foregoing, the cold drawing processing equipment includes a raw material melting furnace, a holding furnace, and at least one crystallizer, The method includes: A. When at least one ingot device is in an initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the ingot head of the ingot device passes through the circulation channel of the crystallizer and is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace. The holding part pulls the alloy piece upward; B, the positioning device of at least one stretcher and straightener clamps the upper part of the alloy piece when the ingot device pulls the alloy piece up to the first predetermined position; C, When the positioning hammer clamps the upper part of the alloy piece by the positioning device, the hammer of the pulling and straightening machine strikes the starting device until the starting rod is separated from the starting head; D. The clamp of the pulling and straightening machine is sheared on the starting ingot. The device is completely closed when the alloy piece is pulled upward to the second predetermined position, and the alloy piece is cut.

根據所述方法，該拉矯機還包括至少兩對牽引夾子，包括上位牽引夾子和下位牽引夾子；該步驟B還包括：在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，該上位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的上部，並且在該上位牽引夾子持續牽引該合金件達到該第二預定位置時，該下位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的下部；在該步驟D之前還包括：E、該夾剪在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第三預定位置時，該夾剪部分閉合，對該合金件進行部分夾剪的操作，在該部分夾剪的操作後，該合金件上的相應位置獲得弱折點。 According to the method, the pulling and straightening machine further includes at least two pairs of traction clips, including an upper traction clip and a lower traction clip; the step B further comprises: when the positioning device clamps the upper part of the alloy piece, the upper traction clip Holding the upper part of the alloy piece, and when the upper traction clip continues to pull the alloy piece to the second predetermined position, the lower traction clip grips the lower portion of the alloy piece; before step D, the method further includes: E, the clip When the ingot device pulls the alloy piece upward to a third predetermined position, the clip is partially closed, and the clip operation is partially performed on the alloy piece. After the clip clip operation, the corresponding Position gets weak vertices.

根據所述的方法，在步驟B中，被剪斷的該合金件的長度為第一預定長度；在步驟E中，該第三預定位置包括多個，該合金件上具有多個弱折點，兩個相鄰的該弱折點之間的長度為第二預定長度；該第一預定長度大於該第二預定長度。 According to the method, in step B, the cut length of the alloy piece is a first predetermined length; in step E, the third predetermined position includes a plurality of the alloy pieces having a plurality of weak folds. , The length between two adjacent weak vertices is a second predetermined length; the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length.

根據所述的方法，該夾剪在第一預定位置時，完全張開；該夾剪部分閉合為該夾剪閉合度為40%。 According to the method, when the clip shear is in the first predetermined position, it is fully opened; the clip shear is partially closed so that the clip shear is 40% closed.

根據所述的方法，該冷拉加工設備還包括衝擊錘驅動器，該衝擊錘驅動器包括彈簧和加壓在該彈簧上的驅動馬達，該彈簧與該衝擊錘連接；在步驟D中，該衝擊錘驅動器通過該驅動馬達的轉動加壓在該彈簧上，驅動該衝擊錘敲擊該引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離。 According to the method, the cold-drawing processing device further includes an impact hammer driver, the impact hammer driver includes a spring and a driving motor pressurized on the spring, and the spring is connected to the impact hammer; in step D, the impact hammer The driver is pressurized on the spring by the rotation of the driving motor, and drives the impact hammer to strike the starting device until the starting rod and the starting head are separated.

根據所述的方法，該冷拉加工設備還包括控制器；該方法還包括：通過該控制器預設該第一預定位置、第二預定位置以及第三預定位置。 According to the method, the cold drawing processing apparatus further includes a controller; the method further includes: presetting the first predetermined position, the second predetermined position, and the third predetermined position by the controller.

根據所述的方法，該結晶器包括：內套，其內設置有該流通通道；外套，設置於該內套之外，並且與該內套構成一空間，該空間流通冷卻液。 According to the method, the crystallizer includes: an inner sleeve provided with the circulation channel; an outer sleeve disposed outside the inner sleeve and forming a space with the inner sleeve, and the space circulates a cooling liquid.

根據所述的方法，該流通通道的橫截面為圓形或者矩形；該內套和/或外套的材質為石墨；該冷卻液為水或者機油。 According to the method, the cross section of the circulation channel is circular or rectangular; the material of the inner sleeve and / or the outer sleeve is graphite; and the cooling liquid is water or motor oil.

根據所述的方法，該引錠頭包括上端部和下端部，該引錠頭的上端部的外形大於下端部；該引錠頭的上端部開設有凹槽，該凹槽與該引錠桿的底部相適配，並且該凹槽的橫截面為圓形或者矩形。 According to the method, the starter head includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion. The shape of the upper end portion of the starter head is larger than that of the lower end portion. The upper end portion of the starter head is provided with a groove, the groove and the starter rod. The bottom of the groove fits, and the cross section of the groove is round or rectangular.

根據所述的方法，該拉矯機還包括：固定柱，將該定位裝置、夾剪、衝擊錘、牽引夾子以及衝擊錘驅動器進行固定；該定位裝置、夾剪以及牽引夾子的安裝中心處於同一軸線上；以及結晶器固定裝置；在步驟A之前包括：G、該結晶器固定裝置將至少一個該結晶器固定，並且在未開始冷拉加工時，將該結晶器處於該保溫爐內的合金熔液上方的預定高度；或者將該結晶器處於該保溫爐旁。 According to the method, the pulling and straightening machine further includes: a fixing column for fixing the positioning device, the clip shear, the impact hammer, the traction clip, and the impact hammer driver; the installation centers of the positioning device, the clip shear and the traction clip are located at the same On the axis; and the mold fixing device; before step A, including: G. the mold fixing device fixes at least one of the mold, and the alloy of the mold is in the holding furnace when cold drawing processing is not started; A predetermined height above the melt; or the crystallizer is positioned next to the holding furnace.

根據所述的方法，該原材料熔化爐與保溫爐相互連通；該合金件為合金棒或者合金錠。 According to the method, the raw material melting furnace and the holding furnace communicate with each other; the alloy piece is an alloy rod or an alloy ingot.

根據所述的方法，該合金棒為鋁合金棒；該合金錠為鋁合金錠。 According to the method, the alloy rod is an aluminum alloy rod; the alloy ingot is an aluminum alloy ingot.

本發明通過將冷拉加工設備的引錠裝置設置為包括引錠桿和引錠頭，並且引錠頭可移除的安裝在引錠桿之下；並且在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，引錠頭穿過該結晶器的流通通道***該保溫爐的合金熔液中，從該保溫爐內向上牽引該合金件；而拉矯機的定位裝置在引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部；以及衝擊錘在定位裝置夾緊合金件的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離；夾剪則在引錠裝置牽引合金件向上達到第二預定位置時，夾剪完全閉合，對該合金件進行剪斷操作。其中，第二預定位置的高度與夾剪的相對位置為需要生產合金件的長度。由此，操作者可以快速的通過調整第二預定位置的高度與夾剪的相對位置，在冷拉加工中便捷的生產不同長度的合金件。而無需停產以調整合金件的長度或轉為生產合金錠，節省了加工時間及能源。並且，可以鑄造不同長度的合金棒或坯，減少因為生產不同產品而需要停止生產程式。提供能生產近乎合金錠的產品，增加生產線的靈活性及企業的整體競爭力。 The invention sets the starting device of the cold drawing processing equipment to include a starting rod and a starting head, and the starting head is removably installed under the starting rod; and at the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, , The ingot head passes through the circulation channel of the crystallizer and is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace, and the alloy piece is pulled upward from the holding furnace; At the first predetermined position, the positioning device clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece; and when the impact hammer clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece, the impact device strikes the ingot device until the ingot rod is separated from the ingot head; When the ingot device pulls the alloy piece up to the second predetermined position, the clip shear is completely closed, and the alloy piece is cut. The relative position between the height of the second predetermined position and the clip shear is the length of the alloy part to be produced. As a result, the operator can quickly adjust the height of the second predetermined position and the relative position of the clip shear to conveniently produce alloy pieces of different lengths in cold drawing processing. There is no need to stop production to adjust the length of alloy parts or switch to the production of alloy ingots, saving processing time and energy. In addition, alloy rods or billets of different lengths can be cast, reducing the need to stop production procedures due to the production of different products. Provide products that can produce nearly alloy ingots, increase the flexibility of production lines and the overall competitiveness of enterprises.

10‧‧‧合金件 10‧‧‧alloy parts

101‧‧‧弱折點 101‧‧‧ Weak turning point

20‧‧‧原材料熔化爐 20‧‧‧Raw material melting furnace

30‧‧‧保溫爐 30‧‧‧ holding furnace

40‧‧‧結晶器 40‧‧‧ Crystallizer

41‧‧‧流通通道 41‧‧‧Circulation channel

42‧‧‧內套 42‧‧‧ inner sleeve

43‧‧‧外套 43‧‧‧ coat

44‧‧‧空間 44‧‧‧ space

45‧‧‧結晶器固定裝置 45‧‧‧ crystallizer fixing device

50‧‧‧引錠裝置 50‧‧‧Injection device

51‧‧‧引錠桿 51‧‧‧ spindle

52‧‧‧引錠頭 52‧‧‧Initiator

521‧‧‧凹槽 521‧‧‧Groove

60‧‧‧拉矯機 60‧‧‧Straightening machine

61‧‧‧定位裝置 61‧‧‧Positioning device

62‧‧‧衝擊錘 62‧‧‧ Impact Hammer

63‧‧‧夾剪 63‧‧‧ Clipper

64‧‧‧衝擊錘驅動器 64‧‧‧ Impact hammer driver

65‧‧‧牽引夾子 65‧‧‧traction clip

66‧‧‧固定柱 66‧‧‧Fixed posts

651‧‧‧上位牽引夾子 651‧‧‧ Upper traction clip

652‧‧‧下位牽引夾子 652‧‧‧Lower traction clip

653‧‧‧下位牽引夾子 653‧‧‧Lower traction clip

S501~S504‧‧‧步驟 S501 ~ S504‧‧‧step

第1圖是本發明實施例提供的冷拉加工進行中的示意圖；第2圖是本發明實施例提供的結晶器的縱截面圖；第3A圖是本發明實施例提供的拉矯機的結構示意圖；第3B圖是圖3A中的A-A向剖視圖；第3C圖是圖3中俯視圖；第3D圖是本發明實施例提供的拉矯機加工過程示意圖；第4A圖是本發明實施例提供的帶有弱折點示的合金棒的示意圖；第4B圖是圖4A中的B-B向剖視圖；第5圖是本發明實施例提供的冷拉加工的方法流程圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cold drawing process in progress according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a crystallizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3A is a structure of a drawing straightener provided in an embodiment of the present invention 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3A; FIG. 3C is a top view shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 3D is a schematic view of a drawing and straightening process provided by an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 4A is provided by an embodiment of the present invention A schematic view of an alloy rod with a weak breakpoint; FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4A; and FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a cold drawing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

為了使本發明的目的、技術方案及優點更加清楚明白，以下結合附圖及實施例，對本發明進行進一步詳細說明。應當理解，此處所描述的具體實施例僅僅用以解釋本發明，並不用於限定本發明。 In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

在多個實施例之中，有關技術適用於銅、鋁、鋅、鋅合金、銅合金及鋁合金，不同金屬或合金的特性不同，但由於熔點較換近，所使用工具大致一樣，亦可共用生產爐具。有本申請中的討論適用於所述的金屬或合金鑄造。 In various embodiments, the relevant technology is applicable to copper, aluminum, zinc, zinc alloy, copper alloy, and aluminum alloy. The characteristics of different metals or alloys are different, but because the melting point is relatively recent, the tools used are roughly the same. Shared production stoves. There are discussions in this application that apply to the metal or alloy castings in question.

參見第1~2圖、第3A圖~第3D圖以及第4A圖和第4B圖，在本發明的一個實施例中，提供了一種冷拉加工設備，用於加工合金件10，冷拉加工設備包括原材料熔化爐20、保溫爐30以及至少一個結晶器40，並且冷拉加工設備還包括：至少一個引錠裝置50，引錠裝置50包括引錠桿51和引錠頭52，引錠頭52可移除的安裝在引錠桿51之下；並且在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，引錠頭52穿過結晶器40的流通通道41***保溫爐30的合金熔液中，從保溫爐30內向上牽引合金件10；至少一個拉矯機60，包括：定位裝置61，在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部；衝擊錘62，在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置50至引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離；夾剪63，在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第二預定位置時，夾剪63完全閉合，對合金件10進行剪斷操作。 Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D, and FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, in one embodiment of the present invention, a cold drawing processing device is provided for processing alloy parts 10, and cold drawing processing. The equipment includes a raw material melting furnace 20, a holding furnace 30, and at least one crystallizer 40, and the cold-drawing processing equipment further includes: at least one initiation device 50, the initiation device 50 includes an ingot bar 51 and an ingot head 52, and an ingot head 52 is removably installed under the ingot shaft 51; and in the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the ingot head 52 passes through the circulation channel 41 of the mold 40 and is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace 30 from The alloy furnace 10 is pulled upward in the holding furnace 30; at least one pulling and straightening machine 60 includes a positioning device 61 that clamps the upper portion of the alloy 10 when the ingot device 50 pulls the alloy 10 upward to a first predetermined position. ; Impact hammer 62, when the positioning device 61 clamps the upper part of the alloy piece 10, hit the ingot device 50 until the ingot rod 51 and the ingot head 52 are separated; clip shear 63, pull the alloy piece 10 upward in the ingot device 50 When the second predetermined position is reached, the clip 63 is completely closed, and the alloy piece 10 Line cut operation.

在該實施例中提供的冷拉加工設備用於加工合金件10。冷拉加工設備包括原材料熔化爐20、保溫爐30以及至少一個結晶器40。而合金的原材料熔化爐20可以為工頻爐，該原材料熔化爐20對合金進行加熱熔融，並由保溫爐30保持合金熔液的溫度約高於合金的熔點。其中，一個引錠裝置50對應一個結晶器40。在該實施例中，引錠裝置50包括引錠桿51和引錠頭52，引錠頭52可移除的安裝在引錠桿51之下；並且在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置(即準備開始由引錠裝置50從保溫爐30中牽引合金件10)時，引錠頭52穿過結晶器40的流通通道41***保溫爐30的合金熔液中，從保溫爐30內向上牽引合金件10。具體的，合金熔液的冷卻鑄造合金棒，合金熔液在結晶器40內的流通進行第一次冷卻。引錠裝置50由牽引裝置從保溫爐30上方下降至結晶器40，並由牽引裝置向上牽引，即結晶器40內由引錠裝置50啟動引錠進行向上冷拉。此外，拉矯機60的定位裝置61在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部；衝擊錘62在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置50至引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離；在引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離後，可以將引錠桿51通過存儲裝置的存儲，並快速調用新的引錠裝置50進行下一合金件的生產。而夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第二預定位置時，夾剪63完全閉合，對合金件10進行剪斷操作。第二預定位置的高度與夾剪63的相對位置為需要生產合金件10的長度。由此，操作者可以快速的通過調整第二預定位置的高度與夾剪63的相對位置，在生產中便捷的生產不同長度的合金件。而無需如現有技術一樣，需要停產以調整合金件的長度或轉為生產合金錠，造成加工時間及能源的浪費。在本發明的一個實施方式中，合金件10可以為合金棒或者合金錠。最佳的，合金棒為鋁合金棒；合金錠為鋁合金錠。 The cold-drawing processing equipment provided in this embodiment is used for processing the alloy piece 10. The cold drawing processing equipment includes a raw material melting furnace 20, a holding furnace 30, and at least one crystallizer 40. The raw material melting furnace 20 of the alloy may be a power frequency furnace. The raw material melting furnace 20 heats and melts the alloy, and the temperature of the alloy melt is maintained by the holding furnace 30 above the melting point of the alloy. Among them, one ingot device 50 corresponds to one crystallizer 40. In this embodiment, the starter device 50 includes a starter rod 51 and an starter head 52, and the starter head 52 is removably installed under the starter rod 51; and at the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment (i.e., When it is ready to start pulling the alloy pieces 10 from the holding furnace 30 by the ingot device 50, the ingot head 52 is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace 30 through the flow path 41 of the mold 40, and the alloy is pulled upward from the holding furnace 30 Piece 10. Specifically, the alloy melt is cooled by casting the alloy rod, and the alloy melt is circulated in the crystallizer 40 for the first cooling. The starter device 50 is lowered from the holding furnace 30 to the crystallizer 40 by the traction device, and is pulled upward by the traction device. That is, the starter device 50 in the crystallizer 40 starts the starter for cold drawing upward. In addition, when the positioning device 61 of the pull straightening machine 60 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the first predetermined position by the pull-in device 50, the positioning device 61 clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece 10; the impact hammer 62 clamps the alloy piece 10 at the positioning device 61 When the upper part is tapped, the starting device 50 is knocked until the starting rod 51 and the starting head 52 are separated. After the starting rod 51 and the starting head 52 are separated, the starting rod 51 can be stored by the storage device and quickly called. A new starter device 50 performs production of the next alloy piece. When the clip shear 63 pulls the alloy piece 10 upward to the second predetermined position by the ingot device 50, the clip shear 63 is completely closed, and the alloy piece 10 is cut. The relative position between the height of the second predetermined position and the clip shears 63 is the length required to produce the alloy piece 10. Thus, the operator can quickly adjust the relative position of the height of the second predetermined position and the relative position of the clip shear 63 to conveniently produce alloy pieces of different lengths in production. There is no need to stop production to adjust the length of alloy parts or switch to the production of alloy ingots as in the prior art, resulting in a waste of processing time and energy. In one embodiment of the invention, The alloy piece 10 may be an alloy rod or an alloy ingot. Preferably, the alloy rod is an aluminum alloy rod; the alloy ingot is an aluminum alloy ingot.

在本發明的一個實施例中，拉矯機60還包括：結晶器固定裝置45，將至少一個該結晶器40固定，並且控制該結晶器40的升降及位移；固定柱66，將該定位裝置61、夾剪63、衝擊錘62、牽引夾子65以及衝擊錘驅動器64進行固定；該定位裝置61、夾剪63以及牽引夾子65的安裝中心處於同一軸線上。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the pulling and straightening machine 60 further includes: a crystallizer fixing device 45 that fixes at least one of the crystallizer 40 and controls the lifting and displacement of the crystallizer 40; and a fixing column 66 that fixes the positioning device 61. The clip shear 63, the impact hammer 62, the traction clip 65, and the impact hammer driver 64 are fixed; the installation centers of the positioning device 61, the clip shear 63, and the traction clip 65 are on the same axis.

在該實施例中，如第1圖左邊的工頻爐用作將金屬原材料或合金所需的不同金屬原材料按比例加進工頻爐加熱至高於金屬或合金的熔點，金屬熔液被引導到第1圖右邊的保溫爐30進行靜置並讓熔液中的空氣慢慢升走之後進行冷拉。第1圖所示的則是在持續冷拉合金棒的程式中，結晶器40內以水冷卻或其他方式進行第一次冷卻，由於成品合金棒被牽引上拉，在結晶器40內所形成的空間由保溫爐30內的合金熔液所補充，再因為結晶器40而冷卻變成較硬，合金棒向上拉而離開結晶器40而直接與空氣接觸。合金棒與空氣接觸進一步進行第二次冷卻。 In this embodiment, the power frequency furnace on the left as shown in FIG. 1 is used to proportionally add different metal raw materials required for metal raw materials or alloys to the power frequency furnace to be proportionally heated above the melting point of the metal or alloy, and the metal melt is guided to The holding furnace 30 on the right in FIG. 1 is allowed to stand still, and the air in the melt is slowly lifted away, and then cold-drawn. Figure 1 shows the first cold cooling of the crystallizer 40 in the program of continuous cold drawing of the alloy rod. The finished alloy rod is pulled and pulled up and formed in the crystallizer 40. The space is supplemented by the alloy melt in the holding furnace 30, and then cooled by the mold 40 to become harder. The alloy rod is pulled upward to leave the mold 40 and directly contact the air. The alloy rod is further cooled by contact with air.

在本發明的一個實施例中，拉矯機60還包括：至少兩對牽引夾子65，包括上位牽引夾子651和下位牽引夾子652，在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，上位牽引夾子651夾持合金件的上部，並且在上位牽引夾子651持續牽引合金件10達到該第二預定位置時，下位牽引夾子653夾持合金件10的下部；衝擊錘驅動器64，包括彈簧和加壓在彈簧上的驅動馬達，彈簧與衝擊錘62連接；衝擊錘驅動器64通過驅動馬達的轉動加壓在彈簧上，驅動衝擊錘62敲擊引錠裝置50。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the pull straightening machine 60 further includes at least two pairs of traction clips 65, including an upper traction clip 651 and a lower traction clip 652. When the positioning device 61 clamps the upper part of the alloy piece 10, the upper traction clips 651 clamps the upper part of the alloy, and when the upper traction clamp 651 continues to pull the alloy 10 to the second predetermined position, the lower traction clamp 653 clamps the lower part of the alloy 10; the impact hammer driver 64 includes a spring and a pressure The driving motor on the spring, the spring is connected to the impact hammer 62; the impact hammer driver 64 is pressurized on the spring by the rotation of the driving motor, and the impact hammer 62 is driven to strike the ingot device 50.

在該實施例中，拉矯機60包括至少兩對牽引夾子65。在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，上位牽引夾子651夾持合金件的上部，即在上位牽引夾子651上升到預設高度，例如上升8米，拉矯機60下降到如第3D圖的位置，此刻如果拉矯機60的夾剪63剪斷合金件10時，合金件10的長度為第一預定長度，例如8米。拉矯機60的固定裝置收合固定冷拉合金件10的底部，另一牽引夾子65一降並收合夾持合金件10較低位置。如第3D圖所顯示，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63收合剪斷合金件10，上位牽引夾子651將第一預定長度的完成冷拉程式的合金件10牽引離開保溫爐30，進行後期加工及進一步降溫。下位的牽引夾子652繼續向上升進行冷拉。拉矯機60多個部件由固定柱66連結，定位裝置61為可開合的鉗形設置，一對夾剪63為可開合的強力剪刀，可以剪斷合金件10。由衝擊錘驅動器64帶動衝擊錘62向引錠桿51拷打至離開引錠頭52。 In this embodiment, the pull straightening machine 60 includes at least two pairs of traction clips 65. When the positioning device 61 clamps the upper part of the alloy part 10, the upper traction clamp 651 grips the upper part of the alloy part, that is, the upper traction clamp 651 rises to a preset height, for example, rises 8 meters, and the pull straightening machine 60 descends to the 3D In the position shown in the figure, if the clip 63 of the leveler 60 is used to cut the alloy piece 10 at this moment, the length of the alloy piece 10 is the first predetermined length, for example, 8 meters. The fixing device of the pull straightening machine 60 closes and fixes the bottom of the cold-drawn alloy piece 10, and the other traction clip 65 lowers and closes and clamps the lower position of the alloy piece 10. As shown in FIG. 3D, a pair of clip shears 63 of the leveling machine 60 closes and cuts the alloy part 10, and the upper traction clip 651 pulls the alloy part 10 of the first predetermined length that has completed the cold drawing process away from the holding furnace 30, and performs Post-processing and further cooling. The lower traction clip 652 continues to be cold-drawn upward. More than 60 parts of the pulling and straightening machine 60 are connected by a fixing column 66, the positioning device 61 is provided in an openable and clampable shape, and a pair of clippers 63 are openable and retractable high-powered scissors, which can cut the alloy piece 10. The impact hammer driver 64 drives the impact hammer 62 to torture the spindle 51 until it leaves the spindle 52.

在本發明的一個實施例中，若拉矯機60的夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第三預定位置時，夾剪63部分閉合，對合金件10進行部分夾剪63的操作，在部分夾剪63的操作後，合金件10上的相應位置獲得弱折點101，如第4圖所示。具體的，被剪斷的合金件10的長度為第一預定長度；而第三預定位置可以包括多個，合金件10上具有多個弱折點101，兩個相鄰的弱折點101之間的長度為第二預定長度；第一預定長度大於第二預定長度，例如加工5米長的合金件10，該合金件10上有5個弱折點101，則第一預定長度為5米，而第二預定長度為1米。具體的在加工過程中，夾剪63在第一預定位置時，完全張開；在第二預定位置時，則完全閉合；在第三預定位置時，夾剪63部分閉合為夾剪63閉合度為40%。 In an embodiment of the present invention, if the clip shear 63 of the pull straightening machine 60 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the third predetermined position by the pull-in device 50, the clip shear 63 is partially closed, and the clip 63 is partially clipped 63 After the operation of the partial clamping and shearing 63, the corresponding position on the alloy piece 10 obtains the weak turning point 101, as shown in FIG. 4. Specifically, the length of the cut alloy piece 10 is the first predetermined length; and the third predetermined position may include a plurality of, the alloy piece 10 has a plurality of weak folds 101, and two adjacent weak folds 101 The length of the interval is the second predetermined length; the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length. For example, if a 5 meter long alloy piece 10 is processed, and the alloy piece 10 has 5 weak turning points 101, the first predetermined length is 5 meters. The second predetermined length is 1 meter. Specifically, during processing, the clip shear 63 is fully opened when it is in the first predetermined position; it is fully closed when it is in the second predetermined position; and in the third predetermined position, the clip shear 63 is partially closed as the clip 63 is closed 40%.

在本發明的一個實施例中，每當牽引夾子65上升1米，拉矯機60下降到如第3D圖的位置，例如第二預定長度為1米，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63夾合約40%，形成一個弱折點101。而每當總長度為第一預定長度時，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63閂合剪斷合金件10。如第4圖所顯示，冷拉加工設備還包括控制器，控制器預設第一預定位置、第二預定位置以及第三預定位置。當然，控制器還通過控制程式控制冷拉加工設備的各個部件的工作，即控制該冷拉加工設備的冷拉加工過程。 In one embodiment of the present invention, each time the traction clamp 65 rises by 1 meter, the tensioner 60 is lowered to a position as shown in FIG. 3D, for example, the second predetermined length is 1 meter, and a pair of clamps 63 of the tensioner 60 Clip the contract 40%, forming a weak turning point 101. Whenever the total length is the first predetermined length, the pair of clip shears 63 of the pull-leveling machine 60 latches and cuts the alloy piece 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the cold drawing processing apparatus further includes a controller, and the controller presets the first predetermined position, the second predetermined position, and the third predetermined position. Of course, the controller also controls the work of each component of the cold drawing processing equipment through a control program, that is, controls the cold drawing processing process of the cold drawing processing equipment.

在本發明的一個實施例中，冷拉加工設備的冷拉加工過程中，合金件10每上升第二預定長度時拉矯機60下降到如第3A圖位置，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63閂合約40%，形成如第4圖的弱折點101。進一步，合金件10每上升第一預定長度時拉矯機60下降到如第3D圖位置，另一下位牽引夾子652下降到拉矯機的一對夾剪63的下方位置，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63閂合剪斷合金件10，形成新的合金件10繼續進行冷拉。拉矯機60的定位裝置61放開所固定合金件10，整個拉矯機60離開保溫爐30上空。上位牽引夾子651帶動已完成冷拉合金件10離開保溫爐30上空，下位牽引夾子652繼續上升。 In an embodiment of the present invention, during the cold-drawing process of the cold-drawing processing equipment, each time the alloy part 10 rises for a second predetermined length, the drawing straightening machine 60 is lowered to the position shown in FIG. 3A, and a pair of clips of the drawing straightening machine 60 Scissor the 63 latch contract by 40%, forming a weak turning point 101 as shown in Figure 4. Further, each time the alloy piece 10 rises for the first predetermined length, the puller 60 is lowered to the position shown in FIG. 3D, and the other lower traction clip 652 is lowered to a position below the pair of clip shears 63 of the puller. A pair of clip shears 63 latches and cuts the alloy piece 10 to form a new alloy piece 10 and continues cold drawing. The positioning device 61 of the drawing and straightening machine 60 releases the fixed alloy piece 10, and the entire drawing and straightening machine 60 leaves the heat preservation furnace 30. The upper traction clip 651 drives the completed cold-drawn alloy piece 10 to leave the space above the holding furnace 30, and the lower traction clip 652 continues to rise.

參見第2圖，在本發明的一個實施例中，冷拉加工設備的結晶器40包括：內套42，其內設置有流通通道41；外套43，設置於內套42之外，並且與內套42構成一空間44，空間44流通冷卻液。流通通道41的橫截面為圓形或者矩形；內套42和/或外套43的材質為石墨；冷卻液為水或者機油。 Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the mold 40 of the cold-drawing processing equipment includes: an inner sleeve 42 provided with a flow passage 41 therein; and an outer sleeve 43 provided outside the inner sleeve 42 and connected with the inner The jacket 42 constitutes a space 44 through which a cooling fluid flows. The cross section of the circulation channel 41 is circular or rectangular; the material of the inner sleeve 42 and / or the outer sleeve 43 is graphite; and the cooling liquid is water or engine oil.

在該實施例中，結晶器40由一個內套42及一個外套43所組成，由內套42及外套43所組成的空間44用作流通降溫液。用作冷卻的冷卻液流經結晶器40內腔的金屬熔液進行第一次冷卻。結晶器40內套42限定一個由下到上的流通通道41，流通通道41的橫截面可以是圓形，也可以是矩形，用以製造圓柱形金屬棒或用於製造矩形金屬。在本發明的一個實施方式中，外套43及內套42由石墨為材料製成，而石墨的特性主要是能耐高溫、高導熱性，並且較為潤滑，而內套42與外套43之間可流通液體，所流通液體可作冷卻用，高導熱能有效地將流經結晶器40的內套42所形成的內腔(即流通通道41)的合金熔液冷卻，而石墨的潤滑特性防止了降溫後的合金熔液附在內壁的表面。 In this embodiment, the crystallizer 40 is composed of an inner casing 42 and an outer casing 43, and a space 44 composed of the inner casing 42 and the outer casing 43 is used as a cooling fluid. The cooling liquid used for cooling flows through the molten metal in the cavity of the crystallizer 40 for the first cooling. The inner sleeve 42 of the mold 40 defines a bottom-to-top flow channel 41. The cross-section of the flow channel 41 may be circular or rectangular, and is used for manufacturing cylindrical metal rods or for manufacturing rectangular metal. In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeve 43 and the inner sleeve 42 are made of graphite, and the characteristics of the graphite are mainly high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, and relatively lubricating, and the inner sleeve 42 and the outer sleeve 43 can communicate with each other. Liquid, the circulating liquid can be used for cooling, high thermal conductivity can effectively flow through the inner cavity formed by the inner sleeve 42 of the mold 40 (ie The alloy melt of the flow passage 41) is cooled, and the lubricating properties of graphite prevent the alloy melt after the temperature from falling to the inner wall surface.

在本發明的一個實施例中，冷拉加工設備以冷拉鑄造合金棒為例，以原材料熔化爐20(也稱工頻爐)、保溫爐30原材料熔化爐20與保溫爐30相互連通；將合金熔液熔化並保持溫度剛剛在合金熔點之上，例如鑄造國標鋁合金5052，其熔點為607-650℃，保溫爐30的溫度保持在680℃左右。結晶器40下降至結晶器40部份在合金熔液之下，引錠裝置50下降到結晶器40之內，大約如第2圖所示的位置，即引錠桿51與引錠頭52的連接位是位於合金熔液之上，結晶器40開始加進冷卻液體，對結晶器40內套42所限定的流通通道41與引錠裝置50之間的空間的合金熔液進行第一次冷卻，當該合金熔液為半凝固時引錠裝置50開始向上牽引，合金的半凝固點的頂部處於引錠裝置50的接合口，且處於合金棒之上。由於引錠桿51向上升而於結晶器40內所形成真空，並由保溫爐30內的合金熔液所補充。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the cold-drawing processing equipment takes cold-drawn cast alloy rods as an example, and the raw material melting furnace 20 (also referred to as a power frequency furnace), the holding furnace 30, and the raw material melting furnace 20 and the holding furnace 30 communicate with each other; The melting temperature of the alloy melt is maintained just above the melting point of the alloy. For example, the casting national standard aluminum alloy 5052 has a melting point of 607-650 ° C, and the temperature of the holding furnace 30 is maintained at about 680 ° C. The crystallizer 40 is lowered until the part of the crystallizer 40 is under the molten alloy, and the starter device 50 is lowered into the crystallizer 40, as shown in FIG. 2, that is, the position of the starter rod 51 and the starter head 52 The connection position is located above the alloy melt, and the mold 40 starts to add cooling liquid. The alloy melt in the space between the flow channel 41 defined by the inner sleeve 42 of the mold 40 and the ingot device 50 is cooled for the first time. When the alloy melt is semi-solidified, the ingot device 50 starts to pull upward, and the top of the alloy's semi-solidified point is at the joint of the ingot device 50 and above the alloy rod. A vacuum is formed in the crystallizer 40 due to the upward movement of the ingot rod 51, and the vacuum is supplemented by the molten alloy in the holding furnace 30.

參見第3A圖、第3B圖、第3C圖、第3D圖，在本發明的一個實施例中，冷拉加工設備的引錠頭52包括上端部和下端部，引錠頭52的上端部的外形大於下端部；引錠頭52的上端部開設有凹槽521，凹槽521與引錠桿51的底部相適配，並且凹槽521的橫截面為圓形或者矩形。 Referring to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, FIG. 3C, and FIG. 3D, in an embodiment of the present invention, the ingot head 52 of the cold drawing processing equipment includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion. The outer shape is larger than the lower end portion; the upper end portion of the ingot head 52 is provided with a groove 521, which is adapted to the bottom of the ingot shaft 51, and the cross section of the groove 521 is circular or rectangular.

在該實施例中，引錠頭52設有一個凹槽521，凹槽521的橫截面為圓形，參考第3A圖，在引錠頭52固定的情況下，引錠桿51可以依據凹槽521軸的方向移動而使引錠桿51脫離引錠頭52。在沒有橫向拉力的情況下，引錠頭52的重量會將引錠頭52固定在引錠桿51之下。如第3B圖所示，以加工合金棒為例，合金棒被引錠桿51向上拉，離開結晶器40之部份進行第二次冷卻，在引錠桿51上升到預設高度，拉矯機60的定位裝置61及牽引夾子65止固定合金棒，在這種情況引錠頭52底部約高於拉矯機60的定位裝置61的底部，設於拉矯機60的一對夾剪63收合併將合金棒於一對夾剪63位剪斷。 In this embodiment, the ingot head 52 is provided with a groove 521, and the cross section of the groove 521 is circular. Referring to FIG. 3A, when the ingot head 52 is fixed, the ingot shaft 51 may be based on the groove. The direction of the 521 axis is moved to separate the starter rod 51 from the starter head 52. In the case of no lateral tension, the weight of the starter head 52 will fix the starter head 52 below the starter rod 51. As shown in FIG. 3B, taking the processing of alloy rods as an example, the alloy rods are pulled upward by the ingot rod 51, and the part leaving the mold 40 is cooled for a second time, and the ingot rod 51 is raised to a preset height, and the tension is corrected. The positioning device 61 of the machine 60 and the traction clip 65 are used to fix the alloy rod. In this case, the bottom of the ingot head 52 is higher than the bottom of the positioning device 61 of the pulling and straightening machine 60. A pair of clip shears 63 are provided on the pulling and straightening machine 60. The alloy rod was cut and cut in a pair of clip shears at 63 positions.

在本發明的一個實施例中，以加工合金棒為例，冷拉加工設備的加工過程進一步包括：引錠桿51向上升到一預定高度，大約如第3A圖及第3B圖的高度，拉矯機60的定位裝置61及一對夾剪63將開並下降到如第3A圖及第3B圖的位置，拉矯機60的定位裝置61閂合固定合金棒頂部，該位置使到拉矯機60的衝擊錘62可以衝擊的位置是引錠桿51的未端接近引錠頭52之上。從上而下的牽引夾子65下降到拉矯機60一對夾剪63之下，並閂合夾緊合金棒之下端，衝擊錘驅動器64帶動衝擊錘62向引錠桿51衝擊並將引錠桿51與引錠頭52脫離，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63閂合剪斷合金棒。引錠桿51脫離引錠頭52向上收藏，拉矯機60以固定柱66設置的各部件撤離並安置合金棒頭子引錠頭52放置好，以備引錠頭52重用。牽引夾子65繼續向上升繼續向上冷拉，向上速度因應合金棒冷卻的速度而定。在其中一個實施方案，牽引夾子65的上升速度為每分鐘1mm。 In an embodiment of the present invention, taking the processing of alloy rods as an example, the processing process of the cold drawing processing equipment further includes: the ingot rod 51 is raised to a predetermined height, approximately as the height of FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B. The positioning device 61 of the leveling machine 60 and a pair of clip shears 63 will be opened and lowered to a position as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B. The positioning device 61 of the leveling machine 60 latches and fixes the top of the alloy rod. The impact position of the impact hammer 62 of the machine 60 is that the end of the starter rod 51 is close to the starter head 52. The traction clip 65 from the top to the bottom is lowered below a pair of clip shears 63 of the tensioner 60, and the lower end of the clamping alloy bar is latched. The impact hammer driver 64 drives the impact hammer 62 to impact the ingot rod 51 and the ingot. The rod 51 is disengaged from the starter head 52, and a pair of clip shears 63 of the leveler 60 latches and cuts the alloy rod. The ingot rod 51 is separated from the ingot head 52 and stored upward, and the puller 60 is evacuated with the components provided in the fixed column 66 and the alloy rod head ingot head 52 is set in place for the ingot head 52 to be reused. The traction clip 65 continues to rise upward and continues to be cold-drawn upward, and the upward speed depends on the cooling speed of the alloy rod. In one embodiment, the ascent speed of the traction clip 65 is 1 mm per minute.

牽引夾子65沒有在第3C圖中示出，以加工合金棒為例，引錠裝置50牽引合金棒向上，於特定位置停留(即第一預定位置)，拉矯機60的定位裝置61收合固定合金棒，不在圖中顯示的牽引夾子65下降並收合固定合金棒。由衝擊錘驅動器64將衝擊錘62由圖中3C的右邊向在邊衝擊，將引錠桿51與被固定的引錠頭52分離。拉矯機60的一對夾剪63閂合將合金棒剪斷。引錠桿51的牽引向上收回引錠桿51，拉矯機60的定位裝置61以收合方式夾取合金棒頂部連同引錠頭52收回，並轉移到保溫爐30上空之外，將開固定裝置將合金棒頂部連同引錠頭52於回收器(沒有在圖中示出)。下位牽引夾子652續繼向上升進行冷拉：在結晶器40內因半凝固合金棒上升而做成空間，由保溫爐30內的合金熔液所填補，並因結晶器40內進行第一次冷卻，合金棒向上離開結晶器40進行第二次冷卻。其中，衝擊錘驅動器64包括彈簧和加壓在彈簧上的驅動馬達，彈簧與衝擊錘62連接；衝擊錘驅動器64通過驅動馬達的轉動加壓在彈簧上，驅動衝擊錘62敲擊引錠裝置50。 The traction clip 65 is not shown in FIG. 3C. Taking the processing of the alloy rod as an example, the ingot device 50 pulls the alloy rod upward and stays at a specific position (that is, the first predetermined position). The positioning device 61 of the puller 60 is folded. To secure the alloy rod, the traction clip 65 (not shown) is lowered and collapses the alloy rod. The impact hammer 62 is impacted from the right side of 3C in the figure by the impact hammer driver 64 to separate the starter rod 51 from the fixed starter head 52. A pair of clip shears 63 of the pull straightening machine 60 are latched to cut the alloy rod. The pulling of the ingot rod 51 retracts the ingot rod 51 upwards, and the positioning device 61 of the leveling machine 60 clamps the top of the alloy rod together with the ingot head 52 in a retracted manner and retracts it, and transfers it above the holding furnace 30 to open and fix it. The device places the top of the alloy rod together with the ingot head 52 in a recoverer (not shown in the figure). The lower traction clip 652 continues to rise for cold drawing: the space is made in the crystallizer 40 due to the rise of the semi-solidified alloy rod, which is filled by the alloy melt in the holding furnace 30, and the first cooling is performed in the crystallizer 40 The alloy rod leaves the crystallizer 40 upward for a second cooling. The impact hammer driver 64 includes a spring and a driving motor pressurized on the spring, and the spring is connected to the impact hammer 62. The impact hammer driver 64 is pressurized on the spring by the rotation of the driving motor, and drives the impact hammer 62 to strike the ingot device 50. .

參見第5圖，在本發明的一個實施例中，提供了一種採用上述多個實施例提供的冷拉加工設備加工合金件10的方法，冷拉加工設備包括原材料熔化爐20、保溫爐30以及至少一個結晶器40，該方法包括：步驟S501中，至少一個引錠裝置50在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，引錠裝置50的引錠頭52穿過結晶器40的流通通道41***保溫爐30的合金熔液中，從保溫爐30內向上牽引合金件10；步驟S502中，至少一個拉矯機60的定位裝置61在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部；步驟S503中，拉矯機60的衝擊錘62在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置50至引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離；步驟S504中，拉矯機60的夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第二預定位置時完全閉合，並對合金件10進行剪斷操作。 Referring to FIG. 5, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing an alloy piece 10 using the cold drawing processing equipment provided in the foregoing embodiments is provided. The cold drawing processing equipment includes a raw material melting furnace 20, a holding furnace 30, and At least one crystallizer 40, the method includes: in step S501, when the at least one ingot device 50 is in the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the ingot head 52 of the ingot device 50 is inserted through the circulation channel 41 of the mold 40 In the alloy melt of the holding furnace 30, the alloy piece 10 is pulled upwards from the inside of the holding furnace 30; in step S502, the positioning device 61 of the at least one pulling and straightening machine 60 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the first predetermined position when the ingot device 50 pulls the alloy piece 10 upward. The positioning device 61 clamps the upper part of the alloy piece 10; in step S503, when the positioning hammer 61 clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece 10, the impact hammer 62 of the puller 60 strikes the ingot device 50 to the ingot rod 51 and the lead rod. The ingot head 52 is separated; in step S504, the clip shears 63 of the pulling and straightening machine 60 are completely closed when the ingot pulling device 50 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the second predetermined position, and performs a shearing operation on the alloy piece 10.

在該實施例中，冷拉加工設備加工合金件10的方法為：引錠裝置50在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，引錠裝置50的引錠頭52穿過結晶器40的流通通道41***保溫爐30的合金熔液中，從保溫爐30內向上牽引合金件10；拉矯機60的定位裝置61在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部；拉矯機60的衝擊錘62在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置50至引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離；拉矯機60的夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第二預定位置時完全閉合，並對合金件10進行剪斷操作。具體的，合金熔液的冷卻鑄造合金棒，合金熔液在結晶器40內的流通進行第一次冷卻。引錠裝置50由牽引裝置從保溫爐30上方下降至結晶器40，並由牽引裝置向上牽引，即結晶器40內由引錠裝置50啟動引錠進行向上冷拉。此外，拉矯機60的定位裝置61在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部；衝擊錘62在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置50至引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離；在引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離後，可以將引錠桿51通過存儲裝置的存儲，並快速調用新的引錠裝置50進行下一合金件的生產。而夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第二預定位置時，夾剪63完全閉合，對合金件10進行剪斷操作。第二預定位置的高度與夾剪63的相對位置為需要生產合金件10的長度。由此，操作者可以快速的通過調整第二預定位置的高度與夾剪63的相對位置，在生產中便捷的生產不同長度的合金件。而無需如現有技術一樣，需要停產以調整合金件的長度或轉為生產合金錠，造成加工時間及能源的浪費。在本發明的一個實施方式中，合金件10可以為合金棒或者合金錠。最佳的，合金棒為鋁合金棒；合金錠為鋁合金錠。 In this embodiment, the method for processing the alloy part 10 by the cold drawing processing device is: when the ingot device 50 is at the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing device, the ingot head 52 of the ingot device 50 passes through the circulation channel of the crystallizer 40 41 is inserted into the molten alloy of the holding furnace 30, and the alloy piece 10 is pulled upward from the holding furnace 30; the positioning device 61 of the pulling and straightening machine 60 is positioned when the pulling device 50 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the first predetermined position. Clamp the upper part of the alloy part 10; When the impact hammer 62 of the pull leveling machine 60 clamps the upper part of the alloy part 10 when the positioning device 61 clamps the starter device 50, the starter rod 51 and the starter head 52 are separated; the leveler The clip shear 63 of 60 is completely closed when the ingot device 50 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the second predetermined position, and performs a shearing operation on the alloy piece 10. Specifically, the alloy melt is cooled by casting the alloy rod, and the alloy melt is circulated in the crystallizer 40 for the first cooling. The starter device 50 is lowered from the holding furnace 30 to the crystallizer 40 by the traction device, and is pulled upward by the traction device, that is, the starter device 50 in the mold 40 starts the starter to perform cold drawing upward. In addition, when the positioning device 61 of the pull straightening machine 60 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to the first predetermined position by the pull-in device 50, the positioning device 61 clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece 10; the impact hammer 62 clamps the alloy piece 10 at the positioning device 61 When the upper part is tapped, the starting device 50 is knocked until the starting rod 51 and the starting head 52 are separated. After the starting rod 51 and the starting head 52 are separated, the starting rod 51 can be stored by the storage device and quickly called. A new starter device 50 performs production of the next alloy piece. When the clip shear 63 pulls the alloy piece 10 upward to the second predetermined position by the ingot device 50, the clip shear 63 is completely closed, and the alloy piece 10 is cut. The relative position between the height of the second predetermined position and the clip shears 63 is the length required to produce the alloy piece 10. Thus, the operator can quickly adjust the relative position of the height of the second predetermined position and the relative position of the clip shear 63 to conveniently produce alloy pieces of different lengths in production. There is no need to stop production to adjust the length of alloy parts or switch to the production of alloy ingots as in the prior art, resulting in a waste of processing time and energy. In one embodiment of the present invention, the alloy piece 10 may be an alloy rod or an alloy ingot. Preferably, the alloy rod is an aluminum alloy rod; the alloy ingot is an aluminum alloy ingot.

在本發明的一個實施例中，拉矯機60還包括至少兩對牽引夾子65，包括上位牽引夾子651和下位牽引夾子652；步驟S502還包括：在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，上位牽引夾子651夾持合金件的上部，並且在該上位牽引夾子持續牽引該合金件達到該第二預定位置時，該下位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的下部；拉矯機60還包括至少兩對牽引夾子65；步驟S502還包括：至少兩對牽引夾子65在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，夾持合金件10的下部；在該實施例中，拉矯機60包括至少兩對牽引夾子65。在定位裝置61夾緊合金件10的上部時，上位牽引夾子651夾持合金件的上部，即在上位牽引夾子651上升到預設高度，例如上升8米，拉矯機60下降到如第3D圖的位置，此刻如果拉矯機60的夾剪63剪斷合金件10時，合金件10的長度為第一預定長度，例如8米。拉矯機60的固定裝置收合固定冷拉合金件10的底部，另一牽引夾子65一降並收合夾持合金件10較低位置。如第3D圖所顯示，拉矯機60的一對夾剪63收合剪斷合金件10，上位牽引夾子651將第一預定長度的完成冷拉程式的合金件10牽引離開保溫爐30，進行後期加工及進一步降溫。下位的牽引夾子652繼續向上升進行冷拉。拉矯機60多個部件由固定柱66連結，定位裝置61為可開合的鉗形設置，一對夾剪63為可開合的強力剪刀，可以剪斷合金件10。由衝擊錘驅動器64帶動衝擊錘62向引錠桿51拷打至離開引錠頭52。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the pull straightening machine 60 further includes at least two pairs of traction clips 65, including an upper traction clip 651 and a lower traction clip 652; step S502 further includes: when the positioning device 61 clamps the upper part of the alloy 10 The upper traction clip 651 holds the upper part of the alloy, and when the upper traction clip continues to pull the alloy to the second predetermined position, the lower traction clip holds the lower part of the alloy; the pull straightening machine 60 further includes at least Two pairs of traction clips 65; step S502 further includes: at least two pairs of traction clips 65 clamp the lower portion of the alloy piece 10 when the positioning device 61 clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece 10; in this embodiment, the pull straightening machine 60 includes at least Two pairs of traction clips 65. When the positioning device 61 clamps the upper part of the alloy part 10, the upper traction clamp 651 grips the upper part of the alloy part, that is, the upper traction clamp 651 rises to a preset height, for example, rises 8 meters, and the pull straightening machine 60 descends to the 3D In the position shown in the figure, if the clip 63 of the leveler 60 is used to cut the alloy piece 10 at this moment, the length of the alloy piece 10 is the first predetermined length, for example, 8 meters. The fixing device of the pull straightening machine 60 closes and fixes the bottom of the cold-drawn alloy piece 10, and the other traction clip 65 lowers and closes and clamps the lower position of the alloy piece 10. As shown in FIG. 3D, a pair of clip shears 63 of the leveling machine 60 closes and cuts the alloy part 10, and the upper traction clip 651 pulls the alloy part 10 of the first predetermined length that has completed the cold drawing process away from the holding furnace 30, and performs Post-processing and further cooling. The lower traction clip 652 continues to be cold-drawn upward. More than 60 parts of the pulling and straightening machine 60 are connected by a fixing column 66, the positioning device 61 is provided in an openable and clampable shape, and a pair of clippers 63 are openable and retractable high-powered scissors, which can cut the alloy piece 10. The impact hammer driver 64 drives the impact hammer 62 to torture the spindle 51 until it leaves the spindle 52.

在本發明的一個實施例中，在步驟S504之前還可包括一額外的步驟，其中夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第三預定位置時，夾剪63部分閉合，對合金件10進行部分夾剪63的操作，在部分夾剪63的操作後，合金件10上的相應位置獲得弱折點101。 In an embodiment of the present invention, an additional step may be included before step S504, in which the clip shears 63 are partially closed when the ingot device 50 pulls the alloy piece 10 up to a third predetermined position, and the clip shears 63 are partially closed. The part 10 performs the operation of partially clamping and shearing 63. After the operation of the partial clamping and shearing 63, the corresponding position on the alloy part 10 obtains a weak turning point 101.

在該實施例中，若拉矯機60的夾剪63在引錠裝置50牽引合金件10向上達到第三預定位置時，夾剪63部分閉合，對合金件10進行部分夾剪63的操作，在部分夾剪63的操作後，合金件10上的相應位置獲得弱折點101，如第4圖所示，具體的，被剪斷的合金件10的長度為第一預定長度；而第三預定位置可以包括多個，合金件10上具有多個弱折點101，兩個相鄰的弱折點101之間的長度為第二預定長度；第一預定長度大於第二預定長度，例如加工5米長的合金件10，該合金件10上有5個弱折點101，則第一預定長度為5米，而第二預定長度為1米。具體的在加工過程中，夾剪63在第一預定位置時，完全張開；在第二預定位置時，則完全閉合；在第三預定位置時，夾剪63部分閉合為夾剪63閉合度為40%。 In this embodiment, if the clip shear 63 of the pull straightening machine 60 pulls the alloy piece 10 upward to a third predetermined position when the pull-in device 50 pulls the alloy piece 10 upward, the clip shear 63 is partially closed, and part of the clip shear 63 operation is performed on the alloy piece 10, After the operation of the partial clip shear 63, the weak point 101 is obtained at the corresponding position on the alloy piece 10. As shown in FIG. 4, specifically, the length of the alloy piece 10 to be cut is the first predetermined length; and the third The predetermined position may include a plurality of weak points 101 on the alloy piece 10, and a length between two adjacent weak points 101 is a second predetermined length; the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length, for example, processing A 5-meter-long alloy piece 10 having five weak folds 101 on the alloy piece 10 has a first predetermined length of 5 meters and a second predetermined length of 1 meter. Specifically, during processing, the clip shear 63 is fully opened when it is in the first predetermined position; it is fully closed when it is in the second predetermined position; and in the third predetermined position, the clip shear 63 is partially closed as the clip 63 is closed 40%.

在步驟S502中，被剪斷的合金件10的長度為第一預定長度；在所述步驟S504之前的額外步驟中，第三預定位置包括多個，合金件10上具有多個弱折點101，兩個相鄰的弱折點101之間的長度為第二預定長度；其中，第一預定長度大於第二預定長度。夾剪63在第一預定位置時，完全張開；夾剪63部分閉合為夾剪63閉合度為40%。 In step S502, the length of the cut-out alloy piece 10 is the first predetermined length; in the additional step before the step S504, the third predetermined position includes a plurality, and the alloy piece 10 has a plurality of weak folds 101 , The length between two adjacent weak vertices 101 is the second predetermined length Degree; wherein the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length. When the clip shear 63 is in the first predetermined position, the clip shear 63 is fully opened; the clip shear 63 is partially closed so that the clip shear 63 is 40% closed.

在本發明的一個實施例中，冷拉加工設備還包括衝擊錘驅動器64，衝擊錘驅動器64包括彈簧和加壓在彈簧上的驅動馬達，彈簧與衝擊錘62連接；在步驟S504中，衝擊錘驅動器64通過驅動馬達的轉動加壓在彈簧上，驅動衝擊錘62敲擊引錠裝置50至引錠桿51和引錠頭52分離。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the cold-drawing processing device further includes an impact hammer driver 64. The impact hammer driver 64 includes a spring and a driving motor pressurized on the spring, and the spring is connected to the impact hammer 62. In step S504, the impact hammer The driver 64 is pressurized on the spring by the rotation of the driving motor, and drives the impact hammer 62 to strike the ingot device 50 until the ingot shaft 51 and the ingot head 52 are separated.

在該實施例中，合金的原材料熔化爐20，例如工頻爐，並由保溫爐30保持合金熔液的溫度約高於合金的熔點。原材料熔化爐20與保溫爐30相互連通。合金液的冷卻鑄造合金棒，結晶器40內的流經通道進行第一次冷卻。結晶器40內由引錠裝置50啟動引錠進行向上冷拉，引錠裝置50包括引錠桿51及引錠頭52，引錠頭52可移除地安裝在引錠桿51之下。引錠裝置50由牽引裝置由保溫爐30上方下降至結晶器40，並向上牽引。拉矯機60包括定位裝置61、一對夾剪63及衝擊錘62連衝擊錘驅動器64，由固定柱66連結，定位裝置61為可開合的鉗形設置，一對夾剪63為可開合的強力剪刀，可以剪斷合金棒，由衝擊錘驅動器64帶動衝擊錘62向引錠桿51拷打至離開引錠頭52。固定柱66用作固定及設置上述各部件。 In this embodiment, the raw material melting furnace 20 of the alloy, such as a power frequency furnace, and the temperature of the alloy melt is maintained by the holding furnace 30 above the melting point of the alloy. The raw material melting furnace 20 and the holding furnace 30 communicate with each other. The alloy liquid is cooled to cast the alloy rod, and the flow in the crystallizer 40 is cooled for the first time. In the mold 40, the ingot is started by the initiating device 50 for cold pull-up. The initiating device 50 includes an ingot bar 51 and an ingot head 52. The ingot head 52 is removably installed below the ingot bar 51. The ingot pulling device 50 is lowered by the traction device from above the holding furnace 30 to the crystallizer 40 and is pulled upward. The pulling and straightening machine 60 includes a positioning device 61, a pair of clip shears 63, and an impact hammer 62 connected to an impact hammer driver 64, which are connected by a fixed column 66. The positioning device 61 is provided in an openable and clampable configuration, and the pair of clip shears 63 is openable. The combined strong scissors can cut the alloy rod, and the impact hammer driver 64 drives the impact hammer 62 to torture the spindle 51 to leave the spindle 52. The fixing post 66 is used to fix and install the above-mentioned components.

在本發明的一個實施例中，冷拉加工設備還包括控制器；方法還包括：通過控制器預設第一預定位置、第二預定位置以及第三預定位置，以及控制該冷拉加工設備的冷拉加工過程。即進一步，冷拉各裝置以程式控制方式控制，包括配合引錠裝置50、拉矯機60及牽引夾子65的操作。一個保溫爐30可以配置一個或多個結晶器40，每個結晶器40配置一個引錠裝置50、一個拉矯機60，至少二對牽引夾子65。多個結晶器40安裝在結晶器40固定裝置，可同時升降多個結晶器40。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the cold-drawing processing device further includes a controller; the method further includes: presetting the first predetermined position, the second predetermined position, and the third predetermined position by the controller, and controlling the cold-drawing processing device. Cold drawing process. That is, each of the cold-drawing devices is controlled in a program-controlled manner, and includes operations of cooperating with the ingot pulling device 50, the drawing straightening machine 60, and the traction clip 65. One holding furnace 30 may be provided with one or more crystallizers 40, and each crystallizer 40 is provided with an ingot pulling device 50, a tensioner 60, and at least two pairs of traction clips 65. The plurality of crystallizers 40 are mounted on the crystallizer 40 fixing device, and the plurality of crystallizers 40 can be raised and lowered at the same time.

在本發明的一個實施例中，結晶器40包括：內套42，其內設置有流通通道41；外套43，設置於內套42之外，並且與內套42構成一空間44，空間44流通冷卻液。流通通道41的橫截面為圓形或者矩形；內套42和/或外套43的材質為石墨；冷卻液為水或者機油。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the crystallizer 40 includes: an inner sleeve 42 provided with a circulation channel 41 therein; and an outer sleeve 43 disposed outside the inner sleeve 42 and forming a space 44 with the inner sleeve 42 and the space 44 circulates Coolant. The cross section of the circulation channel 41 is circular or rectangular; the material of the inner sleeve 42 and / or the outer sleeve 43 is graphite; and the cooling liquid is water or engine oil.

在本發明的一個實施例中，引錠頭52包括上端部和下端部，引錠頭52的上端部的外形大於下端部；引錠頭52的上端部開設有凹槽521，凹槽521與引錠桿51的底部相適配，並且凹槽521的橫截面為圓形或者矩形。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the ingot head 52 includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion, and the shape of the upper end portion of the ingot head 52 is larger than the lower end portion; the upper end portion of the ingot head 52 is provided with a groove 521, and the groove 521 and The bottom of the ingot shaft 51 is adapted, and the cross section of the groove 521 is circular or rectangular.

在本發明的一個實施例中，引錠裝置50的外形大至配合結晶器40的中空截面，如結晶器40的中空截面為圓形，引錠裝置50外形為圓形，功能是牽引已冷卻的金屬棒向上。引錠裝置50包括引錠頭52、引錠桿51和引錠桿51存放裝置。引錠頭52的外形及大少大至與結晶器40的內腔一至，帶著引錠頭52的引錠桿51的作用是在開始冷拉前以引錠頭52堵住結晶器40的下口，使金屬熔液在引錠頭52部凝固，並通過向上拉引錠裝置50把鑄坯拉出。經過二冷區，在通過拉矯機60之後，引錠桿51脫離鑄坯，引錠桿51便進入存放裝置，待下次澆鑄時使用。在其中一個實施方案，引錠裝置50實際上是一根帶突出頭的實心弧形圓棒，引錠桿51有可拆卸的引錠頭。當鑄坯進到拉矯機60時，有一個輔助的衝擊錘62會自動壓向或衝擊引錠桿51，使引錠桿51和引錠頭52及鑄坯分開。在拉矯機60內，已成形的鑄坯被牽引向上。牽引速度按照所鑄造金屬或合金的物理特性而決定。以上的連續性冷拉的程式及功具，適用的於較低熔點的銅及鋁及銅及鋁的合金棒坯的鑄造。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the ingot device 50 is large enough to match the hollow section of the crystallizer 40. For example, the hollow section of the mold 40 is circular, and the shape of the ingot device 50 is circular. Metal rod pointing up. The starter device 50 includes a starter head 52, a starter rod 51, and a starter rod 51 storage device. The shape and size of the ingot head 52 are as large as the inner cavity of the mold 40. The function of the ingot rod 51 with the ingot head 52 is to block the mold 40 with the ingot head 52 before the cold drawing is started. In the lower part, the molten metal is solidified in the ingot head 52, and the slab is pulled out by pulling the ingot pulling device 50 upward. After passing through the second cooling zone, after passing through the straightening machine 60, the ingot rod 51 is separated from the casting slab, and the ingot rod 51 enters the storage device for use in the next casting. In one embodiment, the starting device 50 is actually a solid arc-shaped round bar with a protruding head, and the starting rod 51 has a detachable starting head. When the casting slab enters the drawing and straightening machine 60, an auxiliary impact hammer 62 will automatically press or impact the starting rod 51 to separate the starting rod 51 from the starting head 52 and the casting slab. In the stretch leveler 60, the formed slab is pulled upward. Traction speed is determined by the physical characteristics of the metal or alloy being cast. The above-mentioned continuous cold drawing program and tools are suitable for the casting of copper and aluminum and alloy bars of copper and aluminum with lower melting points.

在本發明的一個實施例中，拉矯機60還包括：固定柱66，將定位裝置61、夾剪63、衝擊錘62、牽引夾子65以及衝擊錘驅動器64進行固定；定位裝置61、夾剪63以及牽引夾子65的安裝中心處於同一軸線上；以及結晶器40固定裝置；在步驟S501之前包括：結晶器40固定裝置將至少一個結晶器40固定，並且在未開始冷拉加工時，將結晶器40處於保溫爐30內的合金熔液上方的預定高度；或者將結晶器40處於保溫爐30旁。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the pull straightening machine 60 further includes: a fixing column 66 for fixing the positioning device 61, the clip shear 63, the impact hammer 62, the traction clip 65, and the impact hammer driver 64; the positioning device 61, the clip shear 63 and the installation center of the traction clip 65 are on the same axis; and the crystallizer 40 fixing device; before step S501 includes: the crystallizer 40 fixing device fixes at least one crystallizer 40, and crystallizes the crystal when cold drawing processing is not started The mold 40 is at a predetermined height above the alloy melt in the holding furnace 30; or the crystallizer 40 is positioned beside the holding furnace 30.

在本發明的一個實施例中，以生產合金棒為本，所設置於拉矯機60內的夾剪63加上程式控制裝置。一對夾剪63處於第一位置時，一對夾剪63為全展開，亦即金屬棒或坯可以在展開的夾剪63中向上移動而無接觸。一對夾剪63處於第二位置時，一對夾剪63為半展開，當一對夾剪63由第一位置移向第二位置時，夾剪63大致剪開合金棒的40%左右而形成一個弱折點101，即未斷的橫截面面積約為完整的合金棒的橫截面面積分60%。一對夾剪63處於第三位置時，一對夾剪63為全閉合，當一對夾剪63由第一位置移向第三位置時，夾剪63剪斷合金棒。最佳的，一對夾剪63由控制器的電腦程式控制，在持續冷拉的時候，該夾剪63處許第一位置全展開，每當合金棒向上移動1米時，電腦程式控制一對夾剪63從第一位置夾合到第二位置，將鑄造中的合金棒半剪後將夾剪63返回第一位置。其中，第一位置為張開、第二位置為給40%張開(用作造成弱折點)，第三位置為金閂合，即一對夾剪剪斷合金棒，其具體對應上述的第一預設位置、第二預設位置以及第三預設位置。每當合金棒向上移動8米時，電腦程式控制一對夾剪63從第一位置夾合到第三位置，將鑄造中的合金棒剪斷後將夾剪63返回第一位置，並以夾具繼續將夾剪63之下的金屬棒向上拉。在上述的實施方案，電腦程式控制一對夾剪63從第一位置移到第三位置以剪斷合金棒的頻率，例如需要鑄造8米長合金棒時，就需要每8米夾剪63剪斷合金棒，或需要鑄造12米長合金棒時，就需要每12米夾剪63剪斷合金棒。以上述的工具及電腦程式控制的夾剪63所生產的比1米更長的合金棒，其中每一米有一個弱折點101，方便合金棒的使用者再加工時可以較容易在弱折點101折斷金屬棒，形成在使用合金棒進行加工時容易做成1米、2米、3米或其他長度的合金棒。由此依據合金棒冷拉長度，一對夾剪造成弱折點、或剪斷合金棒。以電腦程式控制控制生產中的合金棒長度及弱折點的長度。 In one embodiment of the present invention, based on the production of alloy rods, the clip shears 63 provided in the drawing and straightening machine 60 are coupled with a program control device. When the pair of clip shears 63 is in the first position, the pair of clip shears 63 is fully expanded, that is, the metal rod or blank can be moved upward in the expanded clip shears 63 without contact. When the pair of clip shears 63 is in the second position, the pair of clip shears 63 is half-expanded. When the pair of clip shears 63 is moved from the first position to the second position, the clip shears 63 cut about 40% of the alloy rod. A weak turning point 101 is formed, that is, the unbroken cross-sectional area is about 60% of the cross-sectional area of the complete alloy rod. When the pair of clip shears 63 is in the third position, the pair of clip shears 63 is fully closed. When the pair of clip shears 63 is moved from the first position to the third position, the clip shears 63 cut the alloy rod. Best of all, a pair of clip shears 63 are controlled by the computer program of the controller. During continuous cold drawing, the clip shears 63 are fully unfolded at the first position. When the alloy rod moves 1 meter upward, the computer program controls one The clip shears 63 are clamped from the first position to the second position, and after the alloy rods in the casting are cut half, the clip shears 63 are returned to the first position. Among them, the first position is open, the second position is 40% open (used to cause a weak break point), and the third position is a gold latch, that is, a pair of clip-shear alloy rods, which specifically correspond to the above-mentioned The first preset position, the second preset position, and the third preset position. Whenever the alloy rod moves 8 meters upward, the computer program controls a pair of clip shears 63 to be clamped from the first position to the third position. After cutting the alloy rods in the casting, the clip shears 63 are returned to the first position and continue with the clamp Pull the metal rod under the clipper 63 upward. In the above embodiment, the computer program controls the frequency with which a pair of clip shears 63 is moved from the first position to the third position to cut the alloy rod. For example, when an 8-meter-long alloy rod needs to be cast, the clip shear 63 needs to be cut every 8 meters. Alloy rods, or when casting 12-meter-long alloy rods, you need to cut 63 alloy rods per 12 meters. Alloy rods longer than 1 meter produced by the above tools and computer-program-controlled clip shears 63, each of which has a weak turning point 101, which is convenient for users of alloy rods to easily bend weakly during reprocessing. The point 101 breaks the metal rod to form an alloy rod that is easy to be made into a length of 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters or other lengths when the alloy rod is used for processing. Therefore, depending on the cold-drawn length of the alloy rod, a pair of clip shears causes a weak turning point, or the alloy rod is cut. The length of the alloy rod and the length of the weak turning point are controlled by computer program control.

在上述多個實施例中，提供一種可以調整的持續鑄造方式中可以鑄造不同長度的合金棒或坯，可以減少因為生產不同產品而需要停止生產程式。同時亦提供能生產近乎合金錠(ingot)的產品(只需改動爐前配方的配置比例)，即能生產提供不同行業所需產品，增加生產線的靈活性及企業的整體競爭力。合金棒(rod)產品主要用於建築或結構行業，如門窗框，裝修結構等，而合金錠(ingot)產品則多用於工業產品加工，如汽車零部件等。 In the above embodiments, an adjustable continuous casting method can be provided to cast alloy rods or billets of different lengths, which can reduce the need to stop the production process due to the production of different products. At the same time, it also provides products that can produce nearly ingots (just change the configuration ratio of the formula in front of the furnace), that is, it can produce products that are required by different industries, increasing the flexibility of the production line and the overall competitiveness of the enterprise. Alloy rod products are mainly used in the construction or structural industry, such as door and window frames, decoration structures, etc., while alloy ingot products are mostly used in industrial product processing, such as automotive parts.

綜上所述，本發明通過將冷拉加工設備的引錠裝置設置為包括引錠桿和引錠頭，並且引錠頭可移除的安裝在引錠桿之下；並且在冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，引錠頭穿過該結晶器的流通通道***該保溫爐的合金熔液中，從該保溫爐內向上牽引該合金件；而拉矯機的定位裝置在引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第一預定位置時，定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部；以及衝擊錘在定位裝置夾緊合金件的上部時，敲擊引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離；夾剪則在引錠裝置牽引合金件向上達到第二預定位置時，夾剪完全閉合，對該合金件進行剪斷操作。其中，第二預定位置的高度與夾剪的相對位置為需要生產合金件的長度。由此，操作者可以快速的通過調整第二預定位置的高度與夾剪的相對位置，在冷拉加工中便捷的生產不同長度的合金件。而無需停產以調整合金件的長度或轉為生產合金錠，節省了加工時間及能源。並且，可以鑄造不同長度的合金棒或坯，減少因為生產不同產品而需要停止生產程式。提供能生產近乎合金錠的產品，增加生產線的靈活性及企業的整體競爭力。 In summary, in the present invention, the initiation device of the cold drawing processing equipment is provided to include an ingot rod and an ingot head, and the ingot head is removably installed under the ingot rod; and in the cold drawing processing equipment, In the initial processing position, the ingot head is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace through the circulation channel of the crystallizer, and the alloy piece is pulled upward from the holding furnace; When the alloy piece reaches the first predetermined position upwards, the positioning device clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece; and when the impact hammer clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece by the positioning device, the ingot device is knocked until the ingot rod and the ingot head are separated. ; Clip shears when the ingot device pulls the alloy piece up to the second predetermined position, the clip shear is completely closed, and the alloy piece is cut. The relative position between the height of the second predetermined position and the clip shear is the length of the alloy part to be produced. As a result, the operator can quickly adjust the height of the second predetermined position and the relative position of the clip shear to conveniently produce alloy pieces of different lengths in cold drawing processing. There is no need to stop production to adjust the length of alloy parts or switch to the production of alloy ingots, saving processing time and energy. In addition, alloy rods or billets of different lengths can be cast, reducing the need to stop production procedures due to the production of different products. Provide products that can produce nearly alloy ingots, increase the flexibility of production lines and the overall competitiveness of enterprises.

當然，本發明還可有其它多種實施例，在不背離本發明精神及其實質的情況下，熟悉本領域的技術人員當可根據本發明作出各種相應的改變和變形，但這些相應的改變和變形都應屬於本發明所附的申請專利範圍的保護範圍。 Of course, the present invention may have various other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and All the deformations should belong to the protection scope of the patent application scope attached to the present invention.

Claims

一種冷拉加工設備，用於加工一合金件，該冷拉加工設備包括一原材料熔化爐、一保溫爐以及至少一個結晶器，其特徵在於，該冷拉加工設備還包括：至少一個引錠裝置，該引錠裝置包括一引錠桿和一引錠頭，該引錠頭可移除的安裝在該引錠桿之下；並且在該冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，該引錠頭穿過該結晶器的流通通道***該保溫爐的合金熔液中，從該保溫爐內向上牽引該合金件；至少一個拉矯機，包括：一定位裝置，在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到一第一預定位置時，該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部；一衝擊錘，在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，敲擊該引錠裝置至該引錠桿和該引錠頭分離；一夾剪，在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到一第二預定位置時，該夾剪完全閉合，對該合金件進行剪斷操作；其中該夾剪在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第三預定位置時，該夾剪部分閉合，對該合金件進行部分夾剪的操作，在該部分夾剪的操作後，該合金件上的相應位置獲得弱折點。A cold drawing processing equipment for processing an alloy piece. The cold drawing processing equipment includes a raw material melting furnace, a holding furnace, and at least one crystallizer. The cold drawing processing equipment further includes: at least one ingot initiating device. The initiation device includes an ingot bar and an ingot head, the ingot head is removably installed under the ingot bar; and when the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the ingot head Inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace through the circulation channel of the crystallizer, and pulling the alloy piece upward from the holding furnace; at least one drawing straightening machine includes: a positioning device, which pulls the alloy piece in the ingot device When a first predetermined position is reached upward, the positioning device clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece; an impact hammer, when the positioning device clamps the upper portion of the alloy piece, strikes the ingot device to the ingot rod and the The ingot head is separated; a clip shear, when the ingot device pulls the alloy piece up to a second predetermined position, the clip shear is completely closed, and the alloy piece is cut; the clip is sheared in the ingot Device towing When the alloy member reaches a third predetermined upward position, the clamping and cutting partially closed, partial clamping and cutting operation the alloy member, the rear portion of the clamping and cutting operation, the corresponding location on the alloy member obtained weak vertices.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，該拉矯機還包括：至少兩對牽引夾子，包括一上位牽引夾子和一下位牽引夾子，在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，該上位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的上部，並且在該上位牽引夾子持續牽引該合金件達到該第二預定位置時，該下位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的下部；一衝擊錘驅動器，包括彈簧和加壓在該彈簧上的驅動馬達，該彈簧與該衝擊錘連接；該衝擊錘驅動器通過該驅動馬達的轉動加壓在該彈簧上，驅動該衝擊錘敲擊該引錠裝置。The cold drawing processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drawing straightening machine further comprises: at least two pairs of traction clips, including an upper traction clip and a lower traction clip. When the positioning device clamps the upper part of the alloy piece, the An upper traction clamp holds the upper part of the alloy, and when the upper traction clamp continues to pull the alloy to the second predetermined position, the lower traction clamp holds the lower part of the alloy; an impact hammer driver, including a spring and A driving motor pressurized on the spring, the spring is connected to the impact hammer; the impact hammer driver is pressurized on the spring by the rotation of the driving motor, and drives the impact hammer to strike the initiation device.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，被剪斷的該合金件的長度為第一預定長度；該第三預定位置包括多個，該合金件上具有多個弱折點，兩個相鄰的該弱折點之間的長度為第二預定長度；該第一預定長度大於該第二預定長度。The cold-drawing processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the alloy part cut is the first predetermined length; the third predetermined position includes a plurality of weak points on the alloy part, and two phases The length between adjacent weak folds is a second predetermined length; the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，該夾剪在第一預定位置時，完全張開；該夾剪部分閉合為該夾剪閉合度為40%。For example, the cold drawing processing equipment of claim 1, wherein the clip shear is fully opened when the clip shear is in the first predetermined position; the clip shear is partially closed so that the clip shear is 40% closed.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，該冷拉加工設備還包括：控制器，該控制器預設該第一預定位置、第二預定位置以及第三預定位置，以及控制該冷拉加工設備的冷拉加工過程。The cold drawing processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cold drawing processing equipment further comprises a controller that presets the first predetermined position, the second predetermined position, and the third predetermined position, and controls the cold drawing processing. Cold drawing process of equipment.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，該結晶器包括：內套，其內設置有該流通通道；外套，設置於該內套之外，並且與該內套構成一空間，該空間流通冷卻液。The cold drawing processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the crystallizer includes: an inner sleeve provided with the circulation channel; an outer sleeve disposed outside the inner sleeve and forming a space with the inner sleeve, and the space circulates Coolant.

如請求項6的冷拉加工設備，其中，該流通通道的橫截面為圓形或者矩形；該內套和/或外套的材質為石墨；該冷卻液為水或者機油。The cold drawing processing equipment of claim 6, wherein the cross section of the circulation channel is circular or rectangular; the material of the inner sleeve and / or outer sleeve is graphite; and the cooling liquid is water or oil.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，該引錠頭包括上端部和下端部，該引錠頭的上端部的外形大於下端部；該引錠頭的上端部開設有凹槽，該凹槽與該引錠桿的底部相適配，並且該凹槽的橫截面為圓形或者矩形。As in the cold drawing processing equipment of claim 1, wherein the ingot head includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion, the outer shape of the upper end portion of the ingot head is larger than the lower end portion; the upper end portion of the ingot head is provided with a groove, and the recess The groove fits the bottom of the spindle, and the cross section of the groove is circular or rectangular.

如請求項2的冷拉加工設備，其中，該拉矯機還包括：結晶器固定裝置，將至少一個該結晶器固定，並且控制該結晶器的升降及位移；固定柱，將該定位裝置、夾剪、衝擊錘、牽引夾子以及衝擊錘驅動器進行固定；該定位裝置、夾剪以及牽引夾子的安裝中心處於同一軸線上。The cold drawing processing equipment of claim 2, wherein the drawing straightening machine further comprises: a crystallizer fixing device, which fixes at least one of the crystallizer, and controls the lifting and displacement of the crystallizer; a fixed column, the positioning device, The clip shears, the impact hammer, the traction clip and the impact hammer driver are fixed; the installation centers of the positioning device, the clip shears and the traction clip are on the same axis.

如請求項1的冷拉加工設備，其中，該原材料熔化爐與保溫爐相互連通；該合金件為合金棒或者合金錠。The cold-drawing processing equipment of claim 1, wherein the raw material melting furnace and the holding furnace communicate with each other; the alloy part is an alloy rod or an alloy ingot.

如請求項10的冷拉加工設備，其中，該合金棒為鋁合金棒；該合金錠為鋁合金錠。The cold drawing processing equipment according to claim 10, wherein the alloy rod is an aluminum alloy rod; and the alloy ingot is an aluminum alloy ingot.

一種利用請求項第1項的冷拉加工設備加工合金件的方法，該冷拉加工設備包括原材料熔化爐、保溫爐以及至少一個結晶器，其特徵在於，該方法包括：A、至少一個引錠裝置在該冷拉加工設備的初始加工位置時，該引錠裝置的引錠頭穿過該結晶器的流通通道***該保溫爐的合金熔液中，從該保溫爐內向上牽引該合金件；B、至少一個拉矯機的定位裝置在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第一預定位置時，該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部；C、該拉矯機的衝擊錘在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，敲擊該引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離；D、該拉矯機的夾剪在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第二預定位置時完全閉合，並對該合金件進行剪斷操作；其中，該拉矯機還包括至少兩對牽引夾子：一上位牽引夾子和一下位牽引夾子，其中，該步驟B還包括：在該定位裝置夾緊該合金件的上部時，該上位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的上部，並且在該上位牽引夾子持續牽引該合金件達到該第二預定位置時，該下位牽引夾子夾持該合金件的下部；在該步驟D之前還包括：E、該夾剪在該引錠裝置牽引該合金件向上達到第三預定位置時，該夾剪部分閉合，對該合金件進行部分夾剪的操作，在該部分夾剪的操作後，該合金件上的相應位置獲得弱折點。A method for processing alloy parts by using the cold drawing processing equipment of the first item of the claim, the cold drawing processing equipment comprises a raw material melting furnace, a holding furnace and at least one crystallizer, characterized in that the method includes: A, at least one ingot When the device is in the initial processing position of the cold drawing processing equipment, the ingot head of the ingot injecting device is inserted into the alloy melt of the holding furnace through the circulation channel of the crystallizer, and the alloy piece is pulled upward from the holding furnace; B. The positioning device of at least one tension leveling machine clamps the upper part of the alloy piece when the ingot device pulls the alloy piece upward to a first predetermined position; C. The impact hammer of the tension leveling machine is in the positioning When the device clamps the upper part of the alloy piece, the ingot device is tapped until the ingot rod and the ingot head are separated; D. The clip of the drawing and straightening machine pulls the alloy piece upward in the ingot device to reach the second predetermined The position is completely closed, and the alloy is cut. The pulling and straightening machine also includes at least two pairs of traction clips: an upper traction clip and a lower traction clip, where step B further includes: When the positioning device clamps the upper part of the alloy piece, the upper traction clip grips the upper part of the alloy piece, and when the upper traction clip continues to pull the alloy piece to the second predetermined position, the lower traction clip grips the The lower part of the alloy piece; before the step D, the method further includes: E. The clip shear is partially closed when the ingot device pulls the alloy piece upward to a third predetermined position, and the clip is partially clipped. Operation, after the operation of the partial clip shearing, the corresponding position on the alloy piece obtains a weak turning point.

如請求項12的方法，其中，在該步驟B中，被剪斷的該合金件的長度為第一預定長度；在該步驟E中，該第三預定位置包括多個，該合金件上具有多個弱折點，兩個相鄰的該弱折點之間的長度為第二預定長度；該第一預定長度大於該第二預定長度。The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein, in step B, the length of the alloy piece that is cut off is a first predetermined length; in step E, the third predetermined position includes a plurality of, and the alloy piece has For a plurality of weak turning points, a length between two adjacent weak turning points is a second predetermined length; the first predetermined length is greater than the second predetermined length.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該夾剪在第一預定位置時，完全張開，該夾剪部分閉合為該夾剪閉合度為40%。The method of claim 12, wherein when the clip shear is fully opened at the first predetermined position, the clip shear is partially closed so that the clip shear is 40% closed.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該冷拉加工設備還包括衝擊錘驅動器，該衝擊錘驅動器包括彈簧和加壓在該彈簧上的驅動馬達，該彈簧與該衝擊錘連接；在該步驟D中，該衝擊錘驅動器通過該驅動馬達的轉動加壓在該彈簧上，驅動該衝擊錘敲擊該引錠裝置至該引錠桿和引錠頭分離。The method of claim 12, wherein the cold-drawing processing device further comprises an impact hammer driver, the impact hammer driver comprising a spring and a driving motor pressurized on the spring, the spring being connected to the impact hammer; in step D The impact hammer driver is pressurized on the spring by the rotation of the driving motor, and drives the impact hammer to strike the ingot device until the ingot rod and the ingot head are separated.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該冷拉加工設備還包括控制器；該方法還包括：通過該控制器預設該第一預定位置、第二預定位置以及一第三預定位置。The method of claim 12, wherein the cold-drawing processing device further includes a controller; the method further includes: presetting the first predetermined position, the second predetermined position, and a third predetermined position by the controller.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該結晶器包括：內套，其內設置有該流通通道；外套，設置於該內套之外，並且與該內套構成一空間，該空間流通冷卻液。The method according to claim 12, wherein the crystallizer comprises: an inner sleeve provided with the circulation channel; and an outer sleeve disposed outside the inner sleeve and forming a space with the inner sleeve, and the space circulates a cooling liquid.

如請求項17的方法，其中，該流通通道的橫截面為圓形或者矩形；該內套和/或外套的材質為石墨；該冷卻液為水或者機油。The method according to claim 17, wherein the cross section of the circulation channel is circular or rectangular; the material of the inner sleeve and / or outer sleeve is graphite; and the cooling liquid is water or oil.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該引錠頭包括上端部和下端部，該引錠頭的上端部的外形大於下端部；該引錠頭的上端部開設有凹槽，該凹槽與該引錠桿的底部相適配，並且該凹槽的橫截面為圓形或者矩形。The method according to claim 12, wherein the initiation head includes an upper end portion and a lower end portion, and an outer shape of the upper end portion of the initiation head is larger than a lower end portion; a groove is formed in an upper end portion of the initiation head, and the groove and the The bottom of the starter rod is adapted, and the cross section of the groove is circular or rectangular.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該拉矯機還包括：固定柱，將該定位裝置、夾剪、衝擊錘、牽引夾子以及衝擊錘驅動器進行固定；該定位裝置、夾剪以及牽引夾子的安裝中心處於同一軸線上；以及結晶器固定裝置；在該步驟A之前包括：G、該結晶器固定裝置將至少一個該結晶器固定，並且在未開始冷拉加工時，將該結晶器處於該保溫爐內的合金熔液上方的預定高度；或者將該結晶器處於該保溫爐旁。The method according to claim 12, wherein the pulling and straightening machine further comprises: fixing a column, fixing the positioning device, clip shears, impact hammer, traction clip, and impact hammer driver; and installing the positioning device, clip shears, and traction clip The center is on the same axis; and the mold fixing device; before the step A includes: G. The mold fixing device fixes at least one of the mold, and the mold is in the heat insulation when cold drawing processing is not started. A predetermined height above the alloy melt in the furnace; or the crystallizer is positioned beside the holding furnace.

如請求項12的方法，其中，該原材料熔化爐與保溫爐相互連通；該合金件為合金棒或者合金錠。The method of claim 12, wherein the raw material melting furnace and the holding furnace communicate with each other; the alloy piece is an alloy rod or an alloy ingot.

如請求項21的方法，其中，該合金棒為鋁合金棒；該合金錠為鋁合金錠。The method of claim 21, wherein the alloy rod is an aluminum alloy rod; and the alloy ingot is an aluminum alloy ingot.