TWI657654B - Elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor anti-storm protection device - Google Patents
Elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor anti-storm protection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明為一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置，主要包括車廂、永磁同步馬達驅動裝置及保護裝置，其中永磁同步馬達驅動裝置包含有轉子、定子及組控制迴路，而保護裝置則包含有封星電路及限流電路元件，其中封星電路具備有導接三相繞組的短路煞車狀態以及讓三相繞組斷路的斷路操作狀態，至於限流電路元件則是能夠讓封星電路在常溫的短路煞車狀態下使短路電流被限制，並隨環境操作溫度升高而減少對該短路電流的限流，以達到避免因煞車器失靈而造成溜車速度過快的情況。 The invention relates to an anti-storm protection device for an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor, which mainly comprises a carriage, a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device and a protection device, wherein the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device comprises a rotor, a stator and a group control loop, and the protection device comprises There are a closed circuit and a current limiting circuit component, wherein the sealing star circuit has a short-circuit braking state with a three-phase winding and a disconnecting operation state for disconnecting the three-phase winding, and the current limiting circuit component can enable the sealing circuit at a normal temperature. The short-circuit current is limited in the short-circuit braking state, and the current limiting temperature is reduced to reduce the current limit of the short-circuit current, so as to avoid the situation that the rolling speed is too fast due to the failure of the brake device.
Description
本發明係一種防暴衝保護裝置，尤指一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置。 The invention relates to a riot protection device, in particular to an anti-storm protection device for an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor.
按，電梯已普遍應用於各種高樓大厦建築物中，雖然電梯帶給使用者生活所需的便利性，但也隱藏著一定程度的危險性，此部份從近年來發生的一些電梯暴衝夾傷人甚至夾死人等意外事件即可瞭解。關於電梯暴衝問題，大多數的原因通常是煞車功能失效所致，煞車功能的失效不僅會導致無法將電梯停住，亦會因為載重情況和運行方向的不同而產生向上或向下暴衝的狀態。 According to the elevator, the elevator has been widely used in various high-rise buildings. Although the elevator brings convenience to users, it also hides a certain degree of danger. This part has been rushed from some elevators in recent years. You can understand the accidents such as pinching people and even pinching people. Regarding the elevator overshoot problem, most of the reasons are usually caused by the failure of the brake function. The failure of the brake function will not only prevent the elevator from being stopped, but also cause upward or downward storm due to different load conditions and running directions. status.
有鑑於上述問題，現行業者已開發出能避免上述問題的解決方案，請參考圖1所示，為習知電梯防暴衝之簡易電路示意圖。由於永磁同步馬達可以節能達30%以上的特性，因此近年來逐漸被客戶選用、取代了傳統齒輪式感應馬達。但也正因為失去減速齒輪組的摩擦阻力，一旦賴以制動馬達停止的煞車器故障失效、電梯失速向上暴衝或向下墜落的速度極快，加速甚至可接近自由落體。尤其如果電梯還在開門狀況，更使得乘客來不及反應而造成傷害事故。 In view of the above problems, the current industry has developed a solution that can avoid the above problems, please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a simplified circuit diagram of the conventional elevator anti-storm. Since the permanent magnet synchronous motor can save energy by more than 30%, it has been gradually selected by customers to replace the traditional gear type induction motor in recent years. However, because of the loss of the frictional resistance of the reduction gear set, once the brake failure of the brake motor is stopped, the elevator stalls upwards or falls down very fast, and the acceleration can even approach the free fall. Especially if the elevator is still open, it will make the passengers unable to react and cause injury.
目前業界對於預防煞車器故障的解決方案，是在控制迴路中加入封星接觸器10，在電梯停止運行時，強制短路馬達線圈的三相輸入， 利用永磁特性產生再生制動，讓馬達本身的磁滯作為輔助煞車，一旦發生溜車時，速度仍可控制在0.25米/秒以下。 At present, the industry's solution to prevent brake failure is to add a star contactor 10 to the control circuit. When the elevator stops running, the three-phase input of the motor coil is forcibly short-circuited. The permanent magnet is used to generate regenerative braking, and the hysteresis of the motor itself is used as an auxiliary brake. Once the vehicle is slipping, the speed can still be controlled below 0.25 m/s.
然而，電梯煞車不僅是在已經停止時需要作用，在高速運行過程中，也會因為發生停電、安全裝置動作等情況需要煞車。而封星電路在此時急速短路而導致的突然緊急停車，會因為原本流經三相繞組驅動永磁同步馬達驅動裝置高速運行的電流突然改道，此時封星造成極大的短路電流，一方面瞬間鎖死馬達而迫使機械緊急煞車會造成衝擊，進一步造成電梯車廂內乘客受到劇烈的震動而驚恐甚至受傷；另方面也可能造成永磁同步馬達驅動裝置11的磁鋼失磁或斷裂、固定繞組線圈位移或絕緣損壞、變頻器12或接觸器13的損壞等硬體風險。 However, the elevator brakes need to function not only when they have stopped, but also during the high-speed operation, because of power outages, safety device movements, etc. The sudden emergency stop caused by the rapid short circuit of the Fengxing circuit will suddenly change the current due to the high-speed operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device driven by the three-phase winding. At this time, the sealing star causes a great short-circuit current. Instantly locking the motor and forcing the mechanical emergency braking will cause an impact, further causing the passengers in the elevator car to be violently shaken and frightened or even injured; on the other hand, the magnetic steel of the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 11 may be demagnetized or broken, and the fixed winding may be caused. Hardware risk such as coil displacement or insulation damage, damage to the inverter 12 or the contactor 13.
依據上述情況舉例而言，一台6.7kw的電梯永磁同步馬達驅動裝置、額定速度1米/秒為例，高速時瞬時短路繞組的電流可達50A，是額定電流的3.5倍。如果一台17kw的永磁同步馬達驅動裝置、額定速度2.5米/秒為例，高速時瞬時短路繞組的電流可達530A，是額定電流的14倍，由此可見其衝擊將會造成乘客較嚴重的傷害，同時損壞電梯的硬體結構，也造成維修保養的成本暴增，以及等候維修過程中使用者的不便。 For example, according to the above situation, a 6.7kw elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor drive device, rated speed of 1 m / s for example, the current of the instantaneous short-circuit winding at high speed can reach 50A, which is 3.5 times of the rated current. If a 17kw permanent magnet synchronous motor drive, rated speed of 2.5 m / s, for example, the instantaneous short-circuit winding current can reach 530A at high speed, 14 times the rated current, which shows that its impact will cause passengers to be more serious The damage, while damaging the hardware structure of the elevator, also caused a surge in maintenance costs and the inconvenience of users waiting for maintenance.
再進一步，為避免上述急速封星衝擊，有業者提出如圖2所示之另一簡易電路。此種方式則是採用封星接觸器10上串入功率電阻器20，直接限制永磁同步馬達驅動裝置22高速運轉時發生瞬停的制動電流，但也因電阻的串入，雖然保護了永磁同步馬達驅動裝置22在高速運行時不會瞬停，卻也影響了溜車時的煞車速度。包括原本在停止狀態的溜車，將會墜落較長距離而造成乘員危險；高速運轉而需急停時，煞車時間大幅延 緩、墜落距離加長甚至車廂衝頂等問題。 Further, in order to avoid the above-mentioned rapid sealing star impact, a simple circuit as shown in FIG. 2 has been proposed. In this way, the power resistor 20 is connected in series with the star contactor 10, which directly limits the braking current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 22 when the high-speed operation occurs, but also because of the resistance of the series, although the protection is forever The magnetic synchronous motor drive unit 22 does not instantaneously stop at high speeds, but also affects the braking speed during rolling. Including the original stop car, it will fall a long distance and cause occupant danger; when the high-speed operation requires an emergency stop, the brake time is greatly extended. Slow, fall distance, and even the car's topping.
再者，也有業者提出由電阻、電容及二極體元件組成的「延遲封星電路」，利用電容器來蓄積封星接觸器其勵磁線圈的電能，使控制系統在發生緊急停車情況時，馬達之煞車器先自行動作而減速，封星接觸器在斷電後延遲約1~2秒、再作永磁同步馬達驅動裝置之封星短路，在車廂速度降低的情況下封星而減少衝擊。然而，此種斷電後延遲的方式，只能因應部分情況，相反地，當電梯在自動運行停止後進行開門，而馬達之煞車器失靈時，因封星迴路被強迫有1~2秒的反應延遲，車廂可能已經從原本靜止狀態快速移動了3~9公尺，反而造成出入乘員被內外門卡制拖行的意外事故；此外，如果車廂原本就是高速上行，也可能因為這段不當延遲而直接衝頂，造成不必要的風險。 Furthermore, some companies have proposed a "delay-sealing circuit" consisting of a resistor, a capacitor, and a diode element. The capacitor is used to accumulate the electric energy of the excitation coil of the star contactor, so that the control system can be in an emergency stop condition. The brake device first decelerates by itself, and the sealing star contactor is delayed by about 1~2 seconds after the power is cut off, and then the short-circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device is sealed, and the star is sealed to reduce the impact when the speed of the compartment is lowered. However, the delay after the power failure can only be used in response to some situations. On the contrary, when the elevator opens after the automatic operation stops, and the brake of the motor fails, the sealing circuit is forced for 1~2 seconds. Delayed reaction, the car may have moved quickly from the original static state by 3~9 meters, which caused accidents in which the occupants were dragged by internal and external doors. In addition, if the car was originally high-speed, it may be delayed due to this delay. And directly to the top, causing unnecessary risks.
以下在實施方式中詳細敘述本發明之詳細特徵以及優點，其內容足以使任何熟習相關技藝者瞭解本發明之技術內容並據以實施，且根據本說明書所揭露之內容、申請專利範圍及圖式，任何熟習相關技藝者可輕易地理解本發明相關之目的及優點。 The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are set forth in the Detailed Description of the Detailed Description of the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; The objects and advantages associated with the present invention can be readily understood by those skilled in the art.
本發明之主要目的在於，提供一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置，利用負溫度係數(如熱敏電阻、半導體元件等)限流電路元件於常溫時電阻值大的特性，在永磁同步馬達驅動裝置高速時抑制了封星短路時的瞬間大電流，降低封星時的嚴重衝擊與附帶損害。 The main object of the present invention is to provide an anti-storm protection device for an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor, which utilizes a negative temperature coefficient (such as a thermistor, a semiconductor component, etc.) to limit the resistance of the circuit component to a large resistance value at a normal temperature, in the permanent magnet synchronization. When the motor drive unit is at a high speed, the instantaneous large current when the seal star is short-circuited is suppressed, and the severe impact and collateral damage at the time of sealing the star are reduced.
本發明的另一目的在於，提供一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置，利用負溫度係數限流電路元件，在該限流電路元件工作發熱後 電阻變成極低，提高封星電流加速煞車，抑制溜車或衝頂風險。 Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-storm protection device for an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor, which utilizes a negative temperature coefficient current limiting circuit component, after the current limiting circuit component works heat The resistance becomes extremely low, increasing the star-sealing current to accelerate the brakes and suppressing the risk of rolling or topping.
本發明之再一目的在於，提供一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置，使得永磁同步馬達驅動裝置在車廂停止時有較大的制動轉矩、降低煞車損壞時的電梯溜車速度。 Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-storm protection device for an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device has a large braking torque when the vehicle is stopped, and reduces the elevator rolling speed when the vehicle is damaged.
為達上述目的，本發明係一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置，是供用於一永磁同步馬達驅動裝置的電梯，該電梯包括包括一機房、一車廂、一組重量對應於前述車廂的配重單元、連接前述車廂和配重單元的鋼索、及設置於前述機房並驅動前述鋼索而帶動前述車廂的一永磁同步馬達驅動裝置，其中前述永磁同步馬達驅動裝置包括一轉子、一定子、及一組控制迴路，前述轉子/定子中之一者包括複數永久磁鐵，該轉子/定子之另一者包括至少三組鐵芯、分別纏繞前述三組鐵芯的三相繞組，前述控制迴路輸出一組驅動訊號至前述三相繞組而供勵磁前述鐵芯，上述保護裝置包括：一封星電路，供在一導接上述三相繞組的短路煞車狀態及使上述三相繞組彼此斷路的斷路操作狀態間切換，其中當處於上述短路煞車狀態時，上述三相繞組的驅動訊號將被彼此短路而形成一短路電流；及至少具有一負溫度係數的限流電路元件，使得上述封星電路在常溫的上述短路煞車狀態下，上述短路電流被限制，並隨環境操作溫度升高而減少對該短路電流的限流。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor anti-riot protection device, which is an elevator for a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device, the elevator includes a machine room, a car, and a set of weights corresponding to the aforementioned car. a weight unit, a cable connecting the car and the counterweight unit, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device disposed in the machine room and driving the cable to drive the car, wherein the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device comprises a rotor and a stator And a set of control loops, one of the rotor/stator comprising a plurality of permanent magnets, the other of the rotor/stator comprising at least three sets of iron cores, three-phase windings respectively wound around the three sets of iron cores, the control loop And outputting a set of driving signals to the foregoing three-phase windings for exciting the iron core, wherein the protection device comprises: a star circuit for short-circuit braking state of guiding the three-phase windings and disconnecting the three-phase windings from each other Switching between the open circuit operating states, wherein the driving signals of the three-phase windings are shorted each other when in the short-circuit braking state Forming a short-circuit current; and a current limiting circuit component having at least a negative temperature coefficient, so that the short-circuit current is limited in the short-circuit braking state at normal temperature, and is reduced as the ambient operating temperature increases Current limiting of the short circuit current.
根據本發明之一實施例，更包括一供上述各限流電路元件電性連接設置之電路基板。 According to an embodiment of the invention, a circuit substrate for electrically connecting the current limiting circuit components is further included.
根據本發明之一實施例，其中上述電路基板電性設置一具備複數接點之連結裝置。 According to an embodiment of the invention, the circuit substrate is electrically connected to a connecting device having a plurality of contacts.
根據本發明之一實施例，其中上述各接點分別電性連接於對應的上述各三相繞組，並於其中上述二組接點與相對應連接的上述各三相繞組間設置足以對上述三相繞組產生上述短路煞車狀態之上述封星電路。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the contacts is electrically connected to the corresponding three-phase windings, and wherein the two sets of contacts and the corresponding three-phase windings are respectively disposed between the three-phase windings The phase winding generates the above-mentioned sealing circuit of the short-circuit braking state.
根據本發明之一實施例，其中上述限流電路元件為負溫度係數熱敏電阻、半導體元件等。 According to an embodiment of the invention, the current limiting circuit component is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, a semiconductor component or the like.
10‧‧‧封星接觸器 10‧‧‧Star contactor
11、22‧‧‧永磁同步馬達驅動裝置 11, 22‧‧‧ Permanent magnet synchronous motor drive
12‧‧‧變頻器 12‧‧‧Inverter
13‧‧‧接觸器 13‧‧‧Contactor
20‧‧‧功率電阻器 20‧‧‧Power resistors
3‧‧‧永磁同步馬達驅動裝置 3‧‧‧ Permanent magnet synchronous motor drive
30‧‧‧轉子 30‧‧‧Rotor
31‧‧‧定子 31‧‧‧ Stator
32‧‧‧控制迴路 32‧‧‧Control loop
33‧‧‧永久磁鐵 33‧‧‧ permanent magnet
34‧‧‧鐵芯 34‧‧‧ iron core
35‧‧‧三相繞組 35‧‧‧Three-phase winding
4‧‧‧保護裝置 4‧‧‧protection device
40‧‧‧封星電路 40‧‧‧Fangxing Circuit
41‧‧‧限流電路元件 41‧‧‧ Current limiting circuit components
5‧‧‧電路基板 5‧‧‧ circuit board
50‧‧‧連結裝置 50‧‧‧Linking device
500‧‧‧接點 500‧‧‧Contacts
1‧‧‧電梯 1‧‧‧Elevator
90‧‧‧車廂 90‧‧‧ compartment
91‧‧‧配重單元 91‧‧‧weight unit
93‧‧‧鋼索 93‧‧‧Steel cable
圖1 為習知電梯防暴衝之簡易電路示意圖。 Figure 1 is a simplified circuit diagram of the conventional elevator anti-storm.
圖2 為習知電梯防暴衝之另一簡易電路示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another simple circuit of the conventional elevator anti-storm.
圖3 為應用本發明永磁同步馬達驅動裝置的電梯示意圖。 3 is a schematic view of an elevator to which the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device of the present invention is applied.
圖4 為本發明永磁同步馬達驅動裝置結合保護裝置之結構示意圖。 4 is a schematic structural view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device combined with a protection device according to the present invention.
圖5 為本發明永磁同步馬達驅動裝置結合保護裝置之簡易電路示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simplified circuit of a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device combined with a protection device according to the present invention.
以下藉由具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式，熟悉此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地瞭解本發明之其他優點及功效。 The other embodiments of the present invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art from this disclosure.
本說明書所附圖式所繪示之結構、比例、大小等，均僅用以配合說明書所揭示之內容，以供熟悉此技藝之人士之瞭解與閱讀，並非用以限定本發明可實施之限定條件，故不具技術上之實質意義，任何結構之修飾、比例關係之改變或大小之調整，在不影響本發明所能產生之功效及所能達成之目的下，均應仍落在本發明所揭示之技術內容得能涵蓋之範圍內。同時，本說明書中所引用之如“一”、“兩”、“上”等之用語，亦 僅為便於敘述之明瞭，而非用以限定本發明可實施之範圍，其相對關係之改變或調整，在無實質變更技術內容下，當亦視為本發明可實施之範疇。 The structure, the proportions, the sizes, and the like of the present invention are only used to clarify the contents disclosed in the specification for the understanding and reading of those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. The conditions are not technically meaningful, and any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should remain in the present invention without affecting the effects and the achievable objectives of the present invention. The technical content revealed can be covered. At the same time, the terms such as "one", "two", "upper", etc. quoted in this specification are also It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited by the scope of the invention.
應用本發明永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置的電梯1如圖3所示，包括一機房(圖未示)、一車廂90、一組重量對應於前述車廂90的配重單元91、連接前述車廂90和配重單元91的鋼索93、及設置於前述機房的永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3並驅動前述鋼索93而帶動前述車廂90。 As shown in FIG. 3, the elevator 1 to which the permanent magnet synchronous motor anti-riot protection device of the present invention is applied includes a machine room (not shown), a car 90, a set of counterweight units 91 corresponding to the car 90, and the connecting compartments. The cable 93 of the weight unit 91 and the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 3 provided in the machine room drive the wire rope 93 to drive the car 90.
請一併參閱圖4至圖5所示，為本發明永磁同步馬達驅動裝置結合保護裝置之結構示意圖及簡易電路示意圖。本發明主要是一種電梯永磁同步馬達防暴衝保護裝置，主要是供永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3用於電梯1，電梯包括有車廂90以及永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3，其中永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3包括有轉子30、定子31、及一組控制迴路32，其中轉子30/定子31中之一者包括複數永久磁鐵33，而轉子30/定子31之另一者則為至少三組鐵芯34，至於各三組鐵芯34上則纏繞有三相繞組35，另外控制迴路32則訊號連接至三相繞組35，因此可以輸出一組驅動訊號至三相繞組35以供勵磁鐵芯34。 Please refer to FIG. 4 to FIG. 5 , which are schematic structural diagrams and simple circuit diagrams of the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device combined with the protection device of the present invention. The invention mainly relates to an anti-storm protection device for an elevator permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is mainly used for a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 3 for an elevator 1. The elevator comprises a car 90 and a permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 3, wherein the permanent magnet synchronous motor drive The apparatus 3 includes a rotor 30, a stator 31, and a set of control loops 32, wherein one of the rotors 30/stator 31 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 33, and the other of the rotors 30/stator 31 is at least three sets of cores 34. As for the three sets of cores 34, three-phase windings 35 are wound, and the control circuit 32 is connected to the three-phase windings 35, so that a set of driving signals can be outputted to the three-phase windings 35 for the field core 34.
至於保護裝置4則包括有封星電路40以及限流電路元件41，封星電路40電性連接於三相繞組35並且具備有短路煞車狀態以及斷路操作狀態，同時封星電路40可對三相繞組35進行短路煞車狀態以及斷路操作狀態之間的切換，當處於短路煞車狀態時，三相繞組35的驅動訊號將被彼此短路而形成一短路電流，另外，限流電路元件41則具有負溫度係數，在本例中的限流電路元件41是以負溫度係數熱敏電阻為例，由於限流電路元件41對溫度變化很敏感，即電阻值與溫度成反比，當溫度上升時，電阻值會 迅速下降。 The protection device 4 includes a sealing circuit 40 and a current limiting circuit component 41. The sealing circuit 40 is electrically connected to the three-phase winding 35 and has a short-circuit braking state and an open circuit operating state, and the sealing circuit 40 can be used for three-phase. The winding 35 performs switching between the short-circuit braking state and the open-circuit operating state. When in the short-circuit braking state, the driving signals of the three-phase winding 35 are short-circuited to each other to form a short-circuit current, and the current limiting circuit component 41 has a negative temperature. The coefficient, the current limiting circuit component 41 in this example is an example of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, since the current limiting circuit component 41 is sensitive to temperature changes, that is, the resistance value is inversely proportional to temperature, and when the temperature rises, the resistance value meeting Rapid decline.
另如圖5所示，多數的限流電路元件41主要是電性連接設置於電路基板5，而電路基板5另電性設置有具備複數接點500的連結裝置50，其中各接點則分別電性連接於對應的三相繞組35，值得一提的是，在複數接點500中的其中二組接點500與相對應連接的三相繞組35間設置有封星電路40，對三相繞組35產生短路煞車狀態。 As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of current limiting circuit elements 41 are mainly electrically connected to the circuit board 5, and the circuit board 5 is electrically provided with a connecting device 50 having a plurality of contacts 500, wherein the contacts are respectively Electrically connected to the corresponding three-phase winding 35, it is worth mentioning that a sealing circuit 40 is disposed between the two sets of contacts 500 of the plurality of contacts 500 and the corresponding three-phase windings 35. The winding 35 produces a short-circuit braking state.
因此，當電梯正常運行升降當中，驅動電流是經由三相繞組35，而限流電路元件41溫度處於常溫，此時電阻值較高，一旦臨時停電或煞車器故障，封星電路雖被短路，但受到限流電路元件41的阻撓，封星電流較小，對於運轉中的馬達不會產生劇烈的瞬時煞車，而隨著封星電路的短路，大電流行經會造成限流電路元件41溫度升高，電阻迅速降低，因此本發明中的限流電路元件41能夠讓封星電路40在常溫的短路煞車狀態下，由小的短路電流迅速漸進式地攀升到大的短路電流，進而在沒有急遽頓挫的情況下完成馬達煞車。 Therefore, when the elevator is running normally, the driving current is via the three-phase winding 35, and the temperature of the current limiting circuit component 41 is at a normal temperature. At this time, the resistance value is high. Once the temporary power failure or the brake failure occurs, the sealing circuit is short-circuited. However, due to the obstruction of the current limiting circuit component 41, the sealing current is small, and no violent instantaneous braking is generated for the running motor, and with the short circuit of the sealing circuit, the large current passing will cause the temperature of the current limiting circuit component 41 to rise. High, the resistance is rapidly reduced. Therefore, the current limiting circuit component 41 of the present invention can cause the sealing circuit 40 to rapidly and gradually rise from a small short-circuit current to a large short-circuit current under a short-circuit braking state at a normal temperature, and thus there is no impatience. Complete the motor brakes in case of setbacks.
相對地，如果是電梯在樓層停止的狀態，由於封星電路已經有短路電流經過，限流電路元件41本身自然處於一個較高溫度，此時一旦電梯的煞車器失靈，短路電流仍然處在大電流狀態，制動效果自然發生，電梯的溜車現象完全被抑制。 In contrast, if the elevator is in the state of the floor stop, the current limiting circuit component 41 itself is naturally at a relatively high temperature due to the short-circuit current passing through the star-sealing circuit. At this time, once the brake of the elevator fails, the short-circuit current is still large. In the current state, the braking effect occurs naturally, and the rolling phenomenon of the elevator is completely suppressed.
由前述可知本發明中的限流電路元件41應用於電梯並連結至永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3，不僅可以讓電梯的車廂避免因煞車器失靈導致停止時意外溜車，更重要的是能夠依照環境操作溫度升高而降低電阻以減少對短路電流的限流，使得運行中的車廂可以達到緩步煞車，避免因煞車 器失靈而造成瞬時封星而使車廂頓挫，甚至過猶不及地為避免頓挫而延緩封星，造成溜車速度過快或衝頂的情況。 It can be seen from the foregoing that the current limiting circuit component 41 of the present invention is applied to an elevator and is coupled to the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 3, so that not only the elevator car can be prevented from accidentally rolling when stopped due to the failure of the brake device, but more importantly, The ambient operating temperature rises and the resistance is reduced to reduce the current limit of the short-circuit current, so that the running car can reach the slow braking and avoid the brakes. The failure of the device caused the instantaneous sealing of the star and caused the car to frustrate. Even if it was too late, it would delay the sealing of the star, causing the speed of the car to slip too fast or the top.
在此舉例說明，當限流電路元件41在環境溫度30℃時電阻則約為12歐姆(Ω)，電梯正常運行時發生事故並高速地向上暴衝或向下墜落時，封星電路40將立即短路，並限制峰值電流及制動轉矩在150%~200%以內；經實測，封星電路40急停2秒之後，所量得限流電路元件41電阻下降至4Ω以下，因此不僅避免頓挫，也避免因煞車器失靈、造成溜車速度過快。由上述說明可知因限流電路元件41處於常溫時的電阻值大，在永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3高速運作時，抑制了封星電路40短路時的瞬間大電流，當限流電路元件41工作發熱後變成極低電阻，使得永磁同步馬達驅動裝置3在停止時有較大的制動轉矩、降低了電梯溜車速度。 Herein, when the current limiting circuit component 41 is at an ambient temperature of 30 ° C, the resistance is about 12 ohms (Ω). When an accident occurs during normal operation of the elevator and the air strikes upwards or falls downward at a high speed, the sealing circuit 40 will Immediately short-circuit, and limit the peak current and braking torque within 150%~200%; after the measured, the sealing circuit 40 stops for 2 seconds, the resistance of the current limiting circuit component 41 drops below 4Ω, so it not only avoids frustration Also, avoid the failure of the brakes and cause the speed to slip too fast. As is apparent from the above description, the resistance value of the current limiting circuit element 41 at the normal temperature is large, and when the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 3 operates at a high speed, the instantaneous large current when the sealing circuit 40 is short-circuited is suppressed, and the current limiting circuit element 41 operates. After the heat is generated, it becomes extremely low resistance, so that the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device 3 has a large braking torque at the time of stopping, and the elevator rolling speed is lowered.
由上述可知，本發明主要是利用負溫度係數(如熱敏電阻、半導體元件等)的限流電路元件於常溫時電阻值大的特性，在永磁同步馬達驅動裝置高速運作時抑制了封星電路短路時的瞬間大電流，限流電路元件工作發熱後變成極低電阻，使得永磁同步馬達驅動裝置在停止時有較大的制動轉矩、降低了電梯溜車速度，有效解決前述各現有技術的缺失，達成所有上述目的。 As can be seen from the above, the present invention mainly utilizes a current-limiting circuit element having a negative temperature coefficient (such as a thermistor, a semiconductor element, etc.) to have a large resistance value at a normal temperature, and suppresses the sealing star when the permanent magnet synchronous motor driving device operates at a high speed. When the circuit is short-circuited, the large current flows, and the current-limiting circuit component becomes extremely low-resistance after the heat is generated, so that the permanent-magnet synchronous motor driving device has a large braking torque when stopping, and reduces the elevator rolling speed, thereby effectively solving the aforementioned existing existing The lack of technology to achieve all of the above purposes.
上述實施例僅為例示性說明本發明的原理及其功效，而非用於限制本發明。任何熟悉此項技藝的人士均可在不違背本發明的精神及範疇下，對上述實施例進行修改。因此本發明的權利保護範圍，應如後述申請專利範圍所列。 The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and its effects, and are not intended to limit the invention. Any of the above-described embodiments may be modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be as listed in the scope of the patent application described later.
Claims (5)
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| TW201935840A (en) | 2019-09-01 |
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