TWI639068B - Electronic transmission method - Google Patents
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- TWI639068B TWI639068B TW105143203A TW105143203A TWI639068B TW I639068 B TWI639068 B TW I639068B TW 105143203 A TW105143203 A TW 105143203A TW 105143203 A TW105143203 A TW 105143203A TW I639068 B TWI639068 B TW I639068B
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Abstract
一種電子變速器之作動方法包含以下步驟，啟動且執行初始化設定後執行工作模式；工作模式時，偵測是否接收到設定、變速或關機之指令；接收設定指令時，退出工作模式並執行設定模式；接收變速指令時，退出工作模式並執行變速作動；接收關機指令時，則關機；若於工作模式超過預定時間未接收到關機、變速或設定指令時，偵測待機功能是否開啟；未開啟，則關機；若開啟，則執行待機模式，而以低於工作模式耗能的方式偵測是否接收到任意指令；若接收到任意指令，則退出待機模式，並返回執行工作模式。藉以透過上述方法達到電源保護之效。 The driving method of the electronic transmission includes the following steps: starting and executing the initial setting to execute the working mode; in the working mode, detecting whether the setting, shifting or shutting down command is received; when receiving the setting command, exiting the working mode and executing the setting mode; When receiving the shifting command, it exits the working mode and performs the shifting operation; when the shutdown command is received, it is turned off; if the shutdown mode, the shifting or the setting command is not received when the working mode exceeds the predetermined time, the detection standby function is turned on; if it is not turned on, Shutdown; if it is on, it executes the standby mode, and detects whether it receives any command in the way of energy consumption lower than the working mode; if it receives any instruction, it exits the standby mode and returns to the execution mode. In order to achieve power protection through the above methods.
Description
本發明係與自行車的變速系統有關；特別是指一種電子變速器之作動方法。 The invention relates to a shifting system for a bicycle; in particular to an actuating method of an electronic transmission.
近年來，自行車日漸盛行於競賽、運動與通勤等用途，於騎乘過程中，騎乘者會利用變速器來調整鏈條於前後輪之齒輪比，以因應地形變化或是體力調配之需求。 In recent years, bicycles have become increasingly popular in competitions, sports and commuting. During the ride, the rider uses the transmission to adjust the gear ratio of the chain to the front and rear wheels in response to terrain changes or physical deployment requirements.
而習用的變速器大多是透過把手上之撥桿去拉動鋼索來帶動變速器移動，然而，鋼索可能因長久使用導致老化鬆弛而無法將變速器移動至預定位置，且部分使用者在撥動撥桿時，可能因不熟悉撥桿機械作動之幅度而無法將撥桿調整至適當的位置，使得變速器因而無法將鏈條準確地移動至可有效嚙合齒輪的位置上。如此一來，上述情形除可能造成變速器作動不順暢外，更有可能使得鏈條脫落而造成危險之疑慮。 The conventional transmission mostly uses the lever on the handle to pull the cable to drive the transmission to move. However, the cable may be aging and slack due to long-term use, and the transmission cannot be moved to a predetermined position, and some users are pushing the lever. It may be impossible to adjust the lever to the proper position due to the unfamiliarity of the mechanical actuation of the lever, so that the transmission cannot thereby accurately move the chain to a position where the gear can be effectively meshed. As a result, in addition to the above situation, the transmission may not be smooth, and it is more likely to cause the chain to fall off and cause danger.
是以，為改善上述缺點，遂有業者研發電子變速器直接透過按壓變速撥桿上之按鈕產生升檔或降檔的電訊號並發送予變速器本體，而變速器本體接收到電訊號後，便依據電訊號之內容來帶動鏈條移動至設定之位置。如此一來，便可避免上述鋼索老化之情形，且騎乘者 只需要依其需求控制按壓升檔或降檔之按壓按鈕，而不需再手動調整機械結構，而可避免應操作不當導致鏈條鬆脫之情形。 Therefore, in order to improve the above shortcomings, the manufacturer has developed an electronic transmission to directly generate an upshift or downshift electrical signal by pressing a button on the shift lever and transmit it to the transmission body. After receiving the electrical signal, the transmission body is based on the telecommunications. The content of the number drives the chain to move to the set position. In this way, the above-mentioned cable aging can be avoided, and the rider It is only necessary to control the push button for upshifting or downshifting according to its needs, without having to manually adjust the mechanical structure, and avoiding the situation that the chain is loose due to improper operation.
而電子變速器之變速器本體主要是依據一額外電源來提供變速器本體作動所需之電能，為避免電壓不足導致變速器本體作動異常，電子變速器中通常會設置多個電源開關，並在作動時，利用上述電源開關之各別狀態來控制不同使用條件下的電源供應情況，以確保電源能正常供應予變速器本體。然而，利用上述多個電源開關的控制作動方法，雖可達到正常供電以及保護電源之效果，但會使得電路設計過於複雜，而容易影響電子變速器在實際使用時的穩定性。是以，習用電子變速器作動方法在設計上仍過於複雜且未臻完善，而尚有待改進之處。 The transmission body of the electronic transmission mainly provides the electric energy required for the transmission body to act according to an additional power source. In order to avoid the abnormality of the transmission body caused by the insufficient voltage, the electronic transmission usually has a plurality of power switches, and when the operation is performed, the above-mentioned The respective states of the power switches control the power supply under different conditions of use to ensure that the power supply can be normally supplied to the transmission body. However, the control actuation method of the above plurality of power switches can achieve the effects of normal power supply and protection of the power supply, but the circuit design is too complicated and easily affects the stability of the electronic transmission in actual use. Therefore, the practice of using the electronic transmission is still too complicated and not perfect, and there is still room for improvement.
有鑑於此，本發明之目的在於提供一種電子變速器之作動方法，不僅透過簡單的判斷與作動便可避免於變速過程中產生問題，同時亦可達到維持電源供應與確保電源壽命的效果。 In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic transmission operation method that can avoid problems in the shifting process by simple judgment and actuation, and can also achieve the effect of maintaining power supply and ensuring power supply life.
緣以達成上述目的，本發明提供的一種電子變速器之作動方法，包含有以下步驟：啟動且執行初始化設定，並於初始化設定後，執行工作模式；於工作模式時，將偵測是否接收到設定指令、變速指令或關機指令；當偵測接收到設定指令時，退出工作模式並執行設定模式；當偵測接收到變速指令時，退出工作模式並執行變速作動；當偵測接收到關機指令時，將該電子變速器關機； 若於工作模式已超過一預定時間未接收到關機指令、變速指令或設定指令任一者時，則偵測待機功能是否開啟；若未開啟，則將該電子變速器關機；若開啟，則執行待機模式；於待機模式時，將以低於工作模式耗能的方式偵測是否接收到任意指令；若是，則退出待機模式，並返回執行工作模式。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electronic transmission operation method comprising the steps of: starting and executing an initialization setting, and performing an operation mode after initializing the setting; and detecting whether a setting is received in the working mode. Command, shifting command or shutdown command; when detecting the receiving of the setting command, exiting the working mode and executing the setting mode; when detecting the receiving of the shifting command, exiting the working mode and performing the shifting operation; when detecting the receiving of the shutdown command Turning off the electronic transmission; If the operating mode has not received any of the shutdown command, the shift command or the setting command for more than a predetermined time, the detection standby function is turned on; if not, the electronic transmission is turned off; if it is turned on, the standby is executed. Mode; in standby mode, it will detect whether any command is received in the mode below the operating mode; if yes, exit the standby mode and return to the execution mode.
依據上述構思，本發明更提供有一種電子變速器之作動方法，該電子變速器包含有一變速器本體及一變速器電源用以供應該變速器本體作動所需之電能：該作動方法包含有以下步驟：啟動並執行初始化設定；執行工作模式；偵測是否接收到關機指令、設定指令或變速指令；依據所接收之指令分別執行下列內容：若接收到為關機指令時，則將該電子變速器關機；若接收到為設定指令時，則退出工作模式並執行設定模式；而後，於執行設定模式時，偵測是否收到退出設定模式之指令；若是，則退出設定模式並返回執行工作模式；若否，則偵測是否已超過一預定時間未收到任何指令，若未超過，則繼續執行設定模式；若已超過，則偵測待機功能是否開啟；若未開啟，則將該電子變速器關機；若開啟，則退出設定模式並執行待機模式；於待機模式時，將以低於工作模式耗能的方式偵測是否接收到任意指令；若未接收到，則將則繼續執行待機模式；若接收到，則退出待機模式，並返回執行工作模式；若接收到為變速指令時，則偵測該變速器電源之電壓是否高於一最低參考電壓；若高於，則依據變速指令控制該變速器本體作動；若 低於，則不控制該變速器本體作動，並偵測於一定時間內是否接收到關機指令；若收到，則將該電子變速器關機；若未收到，則偵測待機功能是否開啟；若未開啟，則將該電子變速器關機；若開啟，則執行待機模式。 In accordance with the above concept, the present invention further provides an electronic transmission operating method including a transmission body and a transmission power supply for supplying power required for actuation of the transmission body: the actuation method includes the following steps: starting and executing Initialize the setting; execute the working mode; detect whether the shutdown command, the setting command or the shifting command is received; perform the following according to the received command: if the shutdown command is received, the electronic transmission is turned off; if received When the command is set, the operation mode is exited and the setting mode is executed; then, when the setting mode is executed, it is detected whether an instruction to exit the setting mode is received; if yes, the setting mode is exited and the execution mode is returned; if not, the detection is performed. Whether the command has not been received for more than one predetermined time, if it is not exceeded, the setting mode is continued; if it is exceeded, the detection standby function is turned on; if not, the electronic transmission is turned off; if it is turned on, it is exited Set mode and execute standby mode; in standby mode, In the working mode energy consumption mode, it detects whether any command is received; if it is not received, it will continue to execute the standby mode; if it receives, it will exit the standby mode and return to the execution mode; if it receives the shift command , detecting whether the voltage of the transmission power source is higher than a minimum reference voltage; if higher, controlling the transmission body to act according to the shifting command; If it is lower, the transmission body is not controlled to operate, and whether the shutdown command is received within a certain time; if received, the electronic transmission is turned off; if not, the detection standby function is turned on; When turned on, the electronic transmission is turned off; if it is turned on, the standby mode is executed.
如此一來，透過本發明上述之方法，便可過簡單的判斷與作動達到避免於變速過程中產生問題的效果、同時亦可維持電源供應與確保電源壽命。 In this way, through the above method of the present invention, simple judgment and actuation can be achieved to avoid the problem of causing problems in the shifting process, and at the same time, the power supply can be maintained and the power supply life can be ensured.
11‧‧‧前變速控制器 11‧‧‧Front shift controller
111‧‧‧進檔按鈕 111‧‧‧Driving button
112‧‧‧退檔按鈕 112‧‧‧Return button
113‧‧‧天線 113‧‧‧Antenna
12‧‧‧前控制器電源 12‧‧‧ Front controller power supply
21‧‧‧後變速控制器 21‧‧‧ Rear shift controller
211‧‧‧進檔按鈕 211‧‧‧Driving button
212‧‧‧退檔按鈕 212‧‧‧Return button
213‧‧‧天線 213‧‧‧Antenna
22‧‧‧後控制器電源 22‧‧‧After controller power supply
30‧‧‧中央控制模組 30‧‧‧Central Control Module
31‧‧‧主控制單元 31‧‧‧Main control unit
32‧‧‧附屬控制單元 32‧‧‧Subsidiary Control Unit
33‧‧‧天線 33‧‧‧Antenna
41‧‧‧前變速器主體 41‧‧‧ Front transmission main body
411‧‧‧驅動馬達 411‧‧‧Drive motor
42‧‧‧後變速器主體 42‧‧‧ Rear gear main body
421‧‧‧驅動馬達 421‧‧‧Drive motor
51‧‧‧綠燈 51‧‧‧Green light
52‧‧‧紅燈 52‧‧‧Red light
60‧‧‧顯示螢幕 60‧‧‧ display screen
VB‧‧‧變速器電源之電壓 V B ‧‧‧Vehicle power supply voltage
VR‧‧‧最低參考電壓 V R ‧‧‧ minimum reference voltage
VS‧‧‧變速預計消耗電壓 V S ‧‧‧shift expected consumption voltage
VC‧‧‧控制器電源電壓 V C ‧‧‧controller supply voltage
VA‧‧‧警示電壓 V A ‧‧‧Warning voltage
VB1‧‧‧關機前電壓數值 V B1 ‧‧‧ Voltage value before shutdown
VB2‧‧‧開機後電壓數值 V B2 ‧‧‧Voltage value after power on
VT‧‧‧額定電壓誤差 V T ‧‧‧Rated voltage error
圖1為應用本發明較佳實施例之電子變速器的電路方塊圖。 1 is a circuit block diagram of an electronic transmission to which a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied.
圖2A與圖2B為本發明較佳實施例之作動方法的流程圖。 2A and 2B are flowcharts showing an operation method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖3揭示可利用紅燈與綠燈來表示電源狀態。 Figure 3 reveals that the red and green lights can be used to indicate the power state.
圖4揭示可利用顯示螢幕來表示電源狀態。 Figure 4 illustrates that a display screen can be utilized to indicate power status.
圖5為本發明計算與顯示電子變速器剩餘可變速次數的流程圖。 Figure 5 is a flow chart showing the calculation and display of the remaining variable speed number of the electronic transmission in accordance with the present invention.
圖6為本發明偵測電源充電與否的流程圖。 FIG. 6 is a flow chart of detecting the charging of a power source according to the present invention.
為能更清楚地說明本發明，茲舉較佳實施例並配合圖式詳細說明如後。請參請參閱圖1所示，為本發明一較佳實施例之電子變速器包含有一前變速控制器11、一前控制器電源12、一後變速控制器21、一後控制器電源22、一中央控制模組30、一前變速器主體41、一後變速器主體42以及一變速器電源43。其中： 前、後變速控制器11、21分別包含有一進檔按鈕111、211與一退檔按鈕112、212以及一天線113、213，當上述之進檔按鈕111、211或退檔按鈕112、212被按壓時，對應的前變速控制器11或後變速控制器21將產生一進檔或退檔的變速指令，並透過天線113、213以無線訊號之方式發送。前、後控制器電源12、22於本實施例中為CR2032水銀電池且分別設置於前、後變速控制器11、21中，用以供應前、後變速控制器11、21作動所需要之電能。當然，實際實施上，除使用無線訊號之方式外，亦能使用有線傳輸的方式來傳遞變速指令。此外，前、後控制器電源12、22除使用水銀電池外，亦可依需求改為其他可提供電能之電源。 In order that the present invention may be more clearly described, the preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. Please refer to FIG. 1 , an electronic transmission including a front shift controller 11 , a front controller power supply 12 , a rear shift controller 21 , a rear controller power supply 22 , and a first embodiment of the present invention. The central control module 30, a front derailleur main body 41, a rear derailleur main body 42 and a transmission power supply 43. among them: The front and rear shifting controllers 11, 21 respectively include an advance button 111, 211 and a reverse button 112, 212 and an antenna 113, 213 when the forward button 111, 211 or the reverse button 112, 212 is When pressed, the corresponding front shifting controller 11 or the rear shifting controller 21 will generate an upshift or a reverse shift command and transmit it as a wireless signal through the antennas 113, 213. The front and rear controller power supplies 12, 22 are CR2032 mercury batteries in the present embodiment and are respectively disposed in the front and rear shifting controllers 11, 21 for supplying the power required for the front and rear shifting controllers 11, 21 to operate. . Of course, in actual implementation, in addition to the way of using the wireless signal, the transmission command can also be transmitted by means of wired transmission. In addition, the front and rear controller power supplies 12, 22 can be changed to other power sources that can supply electric energy, in addition to the mercury battery.
中央控制模組30包含有訊號連接的一主控制單元31以及附屬控制單元32，且分別整合設置於前變速器主體41與後變速器主體42中，且主控制單元31設有一天線33用以接收前變速控制器11或後變速控制器21之天線113、213所發送的變速指令。 The central control module 30 includes a main control unit 31 and an auxiliary control unit 32 connected to the signal, and is integrally disposed in the front derailleur main body 41 and the rear derailleur main body 42 respectively, and the main control unit 31 is provided with an antenna 33 for receiving A shift command transmitted by the antennas 113, 213 of the shift controller 11 or the rear shift controller 21.
前、後變速器主體41、42分別包含有一驅動馬達411、421與主控制單元31以及附屬控制單元32電性連接。如此一來，當主控制單元31接收前變速控制器11或後變速控制器21送出的變速指令後，便會依據變速指令之內容控制驅動馬達411或指示附屬控制單元42控制驅動馬達421來移動前變速器主體41或後變速器主體42而達到變速之效果。變速器電源43於本實施例中是使用鋰電池，且電性連接至前、後變速器主體41、42藉以供應中央控制模組30以及驅動馬達411、421作動所需之電能。當然，除使用鋰電池外，亦可依需求改為鎳氫電池或其他可提供電能之電源。 The front and rear transmission bodies 41, 42 respectively include a drive motor 411, 421 electrically connected to the main control unit 31 and the auxiliary control unit 32. In this way, when the main control unit 31 receives the shift command sent by the front shift controller 11 or the rear shift controller 21, the drive motor 411 is controlled according to the content of the shift command or the accessory control unit 42 is controlled to control the drive motor 421 to move. The front derailleur main body 41 or the rear derailleur main body 42 achieves the effect of shifting. In the present embodiment, the transmission power source 43 is a lithium battery and is electrically connected to the front and rear transmission bodies 41, 42 to supply the central control module 30 and the electric power required to drive the motors 411, 421 to operate. Of course, in addition to the use of lithium batteries, you can also change to NiMH batteries or other power sources that can supply electricity.
是以，請參閱圖2A與圖2B，透過上述所設計之電子變速器的電路架構，本發明電子變速器之中央控制模組30控制其他構件的作動方法包含以下步驟：當使用者開機啟動電子變速器時，執行各部件的初始化設定(步驟S100、S101)。更詳而言之，中央控制模組控制30會針對前、後變速器主體41、42控制其驅動馬達411、421以偵測驅動馬達411、421的狀態並確定前、後變速器主體41、42目前之位置，進而確認目前的檔位。 2A and 2B, through the circuit architecture of the electronic transmission designed above, the central control module 30 of the electronic transmission of the present invention controls the operation of other components, including the following steps: when the user starts the electronic transmission The initialization setting of each component is performed (steps S100, S101). More specifically, the central control module control 30 controls its drive motors 411, 421 for the front and rear derailleur bodies 41, 42 to detect the state of the drive motors 411, 421 and determine the front and rear derailleur bodies 41, 42 presently. The position, and then confirm the current gear.
初始化設定完成後，中央控制模組控制30便執行工作模式(步驟S102)。此時，中央控制模組30會保持在等待接收指令的工作狀態中，此時，中央控制模組30會保持高速運作模式，以達到即時反應之效果。 After the initialization setting is completed, the central control module control 30 executes the operation mode (step S102). At this time, the central control module 30 will remain in the working state waiting for receiving the command. At this time, the central control module 30 will maintain the high-speed operation mode to achieve the effect of immediate response.
於工作模式時，中央控制模組30便偵測是否接收到關機指令、變速指令或設定指令(步驟S103~S105)，而所述之設定指令是指非關機及變速的其他指令。更詳而言之，依操作的需求，所述之設定指令主要包含有一般設定指令、校正指令等，但不以此為限。而後，中央控制模組30便會依據所接收之指令分別執行下述內容：接收到為關機指令(步驟S103)時，中央控制模組30便將電子變速器關機(步驟S120)。 In the working mode, the central control module 30 detects whether a shutdown command, a shifting command or a setting command is received (steps S103 to S105), and the setting command refers to other commands that are not turned off and shifted. More specifically, according to the requirements of the operation, the setting instructions mainly include a general setting instruction, a correction instruction, and the like, but are not limited thereto. Then, the central control module 30 executes the following according to the received command: when receiving the shutdown command (step S103), the central control module 30 turns off the electronic transmission (step S120).
接收到為設定指令時，中央控制模組30便會退出待機模式並執行對應的設定模式(如一般設定模式、校正模式等)(步驟S107)。此外，使用者亦可於設定模式中設定開啟或關閉待機功能。而中央控制模組30在執行設定模式時，便會偵測是否收到退出設定模式之指令(步驟S108)；若是，則退出設定模式並返回執行工作模式(步驟S102)。若 否，則偵測是否已超過一預定時間未收到任何指令(步驟S109)。若未超過，則繼續執行設定模式(步驟S107)。若已超過，則偵測待機功能是否開啟(步驟S110)。若未開啟，則將電子變速器關機(步驟S120)。若開啟，則執行待機模式(步驟S111)，而以低於工作模式耗能的方式偵測是否接收到任意指令(步驟S112)，前面所描述的低於工作模式耗能可以藉由降低中央控制模組的運算頻率或是減少無線電波的發射頻率等以降低能源的消耗。若未接收到，則繼續保持在待機模式(步驟S111)。若接收到，則退出待機模式，並返回執行工作模式(步驟S102)。 Upon receiving the setting command, the central control module 30 exits the standby mode and executes a corresponding setting mode (such as a general setting mode, a correction mode, etc.) (step S107). In addition, the user can also set the standby function to be turned on or off in the setting mode. When the central control module 30 executes the setting mode, it detects whether an instruction to exit the setting mode is received (step S108); if so, it exits the setting mode and returns to the execution mode (step S102). If Otherwise, it is detected whether no instruction has been received for more than a predetermined time (step S109). If not, the setting mode is continued (step S107). If it has been exceeded, it is detected whether the standby function is turned on (step S110). If not, the electronic transmission is turned off (step S120). If enabled, the standby mode is executed (step S111), and if any instruction is received in a manner lower than the operating mode energy consumption (step S112), the previously described lower than working mode energy consumption can be reduced by central control. The operating frequency of the module or the frequency of emission of radio waves is reduced to reduce energy consumption. If it is not received, it continues to remain in the standby mode (step S111). If it is received, the standby mode is exited and the execution mode is returned (step S102).
另外，中央控制模組控制30執行工作模式(步驟S102)時，若是超過預定時間仍未收到任何指令(步驟S106)，則同樣會偵測待機功能是否開啟(步驟S111)。若未開啟，則將電子變速器關機(步驟S120)。若開啟，則執行待機模式而以低於工作模式耗能的方式偵測是否接收到任意指令(步驟S112)。 Further, when the central control module control 30 executes the operation mode (step S102), if no command is received after the predetermined time has elapsed (step S106), it is also detected whether the standby function is turned on (step S111). If not, the electronic transmission is turned off (step S120). If it is on, the standby mode is executed to detect whether an arbitrary command is received in a manner lower than the operating mode energy consumption (step S112).
上述各步驟之目的，在於當中央控制模組30執行工作模式或是設定模式時，主控制單元31或是附屬控制單元32需要即刻且快速地進行訊號接收之偵測、或是馬達或是其他構件的驅動，使得中央控制模組30會保持在高速運作模式中，進而使得變速器電源43保持在高電力消耗的狀態。因此，為避免使用者忘記關機或是忘記退出設定模式而使得變速器電源43快速消耗，在執行工作模式或設定模式時，若超過預定時間未收到任何指令(表示使用者維持在工作模式忘記退出或忘記關機)，便會將電子變速器關機、或是進一步執行待機模式，以確保變速器電源43所儲存的電能不會因此被浪費，並可有效地延長變速器電源43的使用壽命。 The purpose of the above steps is that when the central control module 30 performs the working mode or the setting mode, the main control unit 31 or the auxiliary control unit 32 needs to perform the signal receiving detection immediately or quickly, or the motor or the like. The drive of the components causes the central control module 30 to remain in the high speed mode of operation, thereby maintaining the transmission power source 43 in a state of high power consumption. Therefore, in order to prevent the user from forgetting to turn off the power or forgetting to exit the setting mode, the transmission power supply 43 is quickly consumed. When the working mode or the setting mode is executed, if no command is received for more than the predetermined time (indicating that the user remains in the working mode, forgetting to exit) Or forgetting to turn off the power, the electronic transmission is turned off, or the standby mode is further executed to ensure that the power stored in the transmission power source 43 is not wasted, and the service life of the transmission power source 43 can be effectively extended.
此外，續參閱圖2B，若是收到為前變速控制器11或是後變速控制器21所發出之變速指令時，則會先偵測變速器電源43之電壓VB並判斷是否高於一最低參考電壓VR(步驟S113)，而所述之最低參考電壓VR是出廠時已設定完成，其電壓值略大於無法使前變速控制器41或是後變速控制器42正常工作時的電壓。因此，若高於最低參考電壓VR，表示後續作動不會出現電量不足的問題，中央控制模組30的主控制單元31或是附屬控制單元32則依據變速指令控制前變速器本體41或是後變速器本體42的驅動馬達411、421作動(步驟S115)。若低於最低參考電壓VR，則表示電量可能不足以提供予驅動馬達411、421作動、或是繼續供電將使得變速器電源42損壞。此時，中央控制模組30便不控制控制前變速器本體41或是後變速器本體42的驅動馬達411、421作動，並偵測於一定時間內是否接收到關機指令(步驟S103)。若未收到關機指令，則偵測待機功能是否開啟(步驟S110)。若未開啟，則同樣將電子變速器關機(步驟S120)。若開啟，則執行待機模式(步驟S111)，藉以達到延長變速器電源43的使用壽命之目的。反之，若收到關機指令，則直接將電子變速器關機(步驟S120)。另外，於本實施例中，為確保變速器電源43壽命與作動正常，當變速器電源43之電壓VB等於最低參考電壓VR時，則會執行上述低於最低參考電壓VR時的相關步驟。當然，在其他實施情況中，當變速器電源43之電壓VB等於最低參考電壓VR時，亦可執行上述高於最低參考電壓VR時的相關步驟。 In addition, referring to FIG. 2B, if the shift command issued by the front shift controller 11 or the rear shift controller 21 is received, the voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is first detected and judged whether it is higher than a minimum reference. The voltage V R (step S113), and the lowest reference voltage V R is set at the time of shipment, and the voltage value is slightly larger than the voltage at which the front shift controller 41 or the rear shift controller 42 cannot be normally operated. Therefore, if it is higher than the lowest reference voltage V R , it indicates that the subsequent operation does not cause the problem of insufficient power, and the main control unit 31 or the auxiliary control unit 32 of the central control module 30 controls the front derailleur body 41 or the rear according to the shifting command. The drive motors 411, 421 of the transmission body 42 are actuated (step S115). If it is lower than the minimum reference voltage V R , it means that the power may not be enough to provide the pre-drive motor 411, 421 to operate, or to continue supplying power will damage the transmission power source 42. At this time, the central control module 30 does not control the driving motors 411 and 421 that control the front derailleur main body 41 or the rear derailleur main body 42 to operate, and detects whether a shutdown command is received within a certain period of time (step S103). If the shutdown command is not received, it is detected whether the standby function is on (step S110). If not, the electronic transmission is also turned off (step S120). If it is turned on, the standby mode is executed (step S111), thereby achieving the purpose of extending the life of the transmission power source 43. On the other hand, if the shutdown command is received, the electronic transmission is directly turned off (step S120). In addition, in the present embodiment, in order to ensure the life and the normal operation of the transmission power source 43, when the voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is equal to the lowest reference voltage V R , the above-mentioned step of lower than the lowest reference voltage V R is performed. Of course, in other implementations, when the voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is equal to the lowest reference voltage V R , the correlation step above the minimum reference voltage V R can also be performed.
此步驟之目的，在於確保中央控制模組30在電量不足時不會強制去驅動前變速器本體41或是後變速器本體42的驅動馬達411、421，藉以避免於變速過程中產生問題。此外，當變速器電源43之電壓VB低於最低參考電壓VR時，除不控制前變速器本體41或是後變速器本體 42的驅動馬達411、421作動外，再偵測是否接收到關機指令以及判斷是否開啟待機功能的原因，在於部分自行車上可能裝載有輪鼓發電或是太陽能發電等相關設備，而使得使用者於騎乘時若遇到電量不足的情形，仍可能利用上述發電設備對變速器電源43充電，此時，為避免電子變速器一直重複關機再開機之操作，便設計若未收到關機指令則會執行待機模式或是後續之工作模式。反之，當使用者非處於騎乘狀態時，若發現變速器電源43電量不足，通常會將電子變速器關機進行充電，以確保充電設備能快速充飽變速器電源43。因此，本發明便依據上述之使用者習慣，設計中央控制模組30測得電量不足且收到關機指令時，才會將電子變速器關機以便達到快速充電之效果。 The purpose of this step is to ensure that the central control module 30 does not force the drive motors 411, 421 of the front derailleur body 41 or the rear derailleur body 42 when the battery is low, thereby avoiding problems during the shifting process. In addition, when the voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is lower than the minimum reference voltage V R , unless the front derailleur main body 41 or the drive motors 411 and 421 of the rear derailleur main body 42 are not actuated, it is detected whether or not the shutdown command is received and The reason for judging whether to enable the standby function is that some bicycles may be loaded with related equipment such as drum power generation or solar power generation, so that if the user encounters a shortage of power during riding, it is still possible to use the above-mentioned power generation equipment to the transmission. The power source 43 is charged. At this time, in order to prevent the electronic transmission from repeatedly turning off and then on, the design is to execute the standby mode or the subsequent working mode if the shutdown command is not received. Conversely, when the user is not in the riding state, if the transmission power source 43 is found to be insufficient, the electronic transmission is usually turned off and charged to ensure that the charging device can quickly fully charge the transmission power source 43. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned user habits, the present invention designs the central control module 30 to detect that the power is insufficient and receives the shutdown command, and then turns off the electronic transmission to achieve the effect of fast charging.
此外，當變速器電源43之電壓VB低於最低參考電壓VR時，亦可透過額外設置的裝備(圖未示)產生閃爍燈光或是蜂鳴聲響來發出警示訊息提醒使用者電量不足(步驟S116)，需要盡速充電或更換變速器電源43。當然，除上述燈光或聲音外，亦可利用其他方式提醒使用者電量不足。 In addition, when the voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is lower than the minimum reference voltage V R , a flashing light or a buzzer sound may be generated through an additionally provided equipment (not shown) to issue a warning message to remind the user that the battery is low (steps) S116), the transmission power supply 43 needs to be charged or replaced as soon as possible. Of course, in addition to the above lights or sounds, other means can be used to remind the user that the battery is low.
值得一提的是，於變速步驟中，為使得使用者也可知悉變速器電源43之使用狀況，在偵測變速器電源43之電壓VB後，便可將變速器電源43之電壓VB顯示提供予使用者參考(步驟S114、S116)。當然，在其他實施情形中，亦可偵測變速器電源43之電壓VB，且變速器電源43之電壓VB低於最低參考電壓VR時才顯示提供予使用者。 It is worth mentioning that, in the transmission step, so that the user can know the transmission status of use of the power supply 43, after the detection of the transmission 43 of the power supply voltage V B, the voltage V B can be the transmission power provided to the display 43 of User reference (steps S114, S116). Of course, in the case of other embodiments, it can detect the transmission of the supply voltage V B 43, and the transmission of the power supply voltage V B 43 below the lowest reference voltage V R when provided to a user display.
實際實施中，可以額外增加數個不同顏色的燈號電性連接中央控制模組30，並依據測得之電壓值顯示不同顏色的燈號。舉例來說，可如圖3所示設置綠燈51與紅燈52，當變速器電源43之電壓VB高於最低參考電壓VR時，則驅動綠燈51發光，藉以告知使用者目前電力充 足。反之，當變速器電源43之電壓VB低於最低參考電壓VR時，則驅動紅燈52發光，藉以告知使用者目前電力不足，需要盡速充電。 In an actual implementation, an additional number of different color lights can be electrically connected to the central control module 30, and the lights of different colors are displayed according to the measured voltage values. For example, the green light 51 and the red light 52 can be set as shown in FIG. 3. When the voltage V B of the transmission power supply 43 is higher than the lowest reference voltage V R , the green light 51 is driven to emit light, thereby informing the user that the current power is sufficient. On the other hand, when the voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is lower than the lowest reference voltage V R , the red light 52 is driven to emit light, thereby informing the user that the current power is insufficient and needs to be charged as fast as possible.
除使用燈號外，亦可如圖4設置一顯示螢幕60與中央控制模組訊號連接，並於顯示螢幕上顯示文字(如電壓充足、請充電等)、所測得之當前電壓值、電壓值區間、電量百分比或是於顯示螢幕上顯示計算所得之剩餘可變速的次數，藉以提供予使用者作為殘餘電量的參考。當然，除上述之方式外，亦可依使用者的需求改用其他顯示方式來提供予使用者作為殘餘電量的參考。 In addition to the use of the light number, as shown in Figure 4, a display screen 60 can be connected to the central control module signal, and display text on the display screen (such as sufficient voltage, please charge, etc.), the measured current voltage value, voltage value The interval, the percentage of charge, or the number of remaining variable speeds calculated on the display screen are provided to the user as a reference for the residual charge. Of course, in addition to the above methods, other display modes may be used according to the needs of the user to provide the user with a reference as the residual power.
此外，請參閱圖5，本發明計算剩餘可變速次數的初始設定方法，包含有以下步驟：先偵測變速器電源43之電壓(步驟S200)，並確認變速器電源43之電壓高於最低參考電壓(即前述電子變壓器之作動方法中確認變速器電源電壓的步驟)後，利用以下公式計算出可變速總次數(步驟S201)：(VB-VR)/VS In addition, referring to FIG. 5, the initial setting method for calculating the remaining variable speed number of the present invention includes the steps of: detecting the voltage of the transmission power source 43 first (step S200), and confirming that the voltage of the transmission power source 43 is higher than the lowest reference voltage ( That is, after the step of confirming the transmission power supply voltage in the operation method of the electronic transformer described above, the total number of shiftable times is calculated by the following formula (step S201): (V B - V R ) / V S
其中，VB為所測得之變速器電源43的電壓值，VR為最低參考電壓值，VS則為預先設定好，電子變速器每次變速預計會消耗的電壓值。 Wherein, V B is the measured voltage value of the transmission power source 43 , V R is the lowest reference voltage value, and V S is a voltage value that is preset and the electronic transmission is expected to consume each time the shift is performed.
舉例而言，測得之變速器電源43的電壓VB為12.4伏特，最低參考電壓VR為11伏特，而每次變速預計會消耗的電壓VS設定為0.002伏特時，則可代入上公式(12.4-11)/0.02計算出可變速總次數為700次。 For example, the measured voltage V B of the transmission power source 43 is 12.4 volts, and the lowest reference voltage V R is 11 volts. When the voltage V S expected to be consumed by each shift is set to 0.002 volts, the formula can be substituted ( 12.4-11)/0.02 Calculated the total number of variable speeds was 700.
而後，再將使用者先前已變速的次數歸零(步驟S202)，並將可變速總次數與已變速次數儲存(步驟S203)，且計算出可變速總次數與已變速次數的差值(步驟S204)後，將差值顯示於螢幕上(步驟S205)。 而後，在電子變速器關機前的運作過程中，當使用者再次進行操控變速時，便不再偵測電壓來進行總次數之計算，而是直接將儲存的已變速次數加1(步驟S206)，並再次計算出可變速總次數與已變速次數的差值(步驟S204)後，再顯示計算後的差值來表示剩餘可變速次數(步驟S205)。此設計之目的，在於單純利用計數器的運算所耗費之電能遠低於中央控制模組30偵測電壓再進行運算的耗能，如此一來，透過上述設計便可有效地節省變速器電源43所耗費的電能，進而達到延長變速器電源43壽命的效果。 Then, the number of times the user has previously shifted is reset to zero (step S202), and the total number of shiftable times and the number of times of shifting are stored (step S203), and the difference between the total number of shiftable times and the number of times of shifting is calculated (step After S204), the difference is displayed on the screen (step S205). Then, during the operation before the electronic transmission is turned off, when the user performs the shift control again, the voltage is no longer detected to calculate the total number of times, but the stored number of shifts is directly incremented by 1 (step S206). Then, the difference between the total number of shiftable times and the number of times of shifting is calculated again (step S204), and the calculated difference is displayed to indicate the number of remaining shiftable numbers (step S205). The purpose of this design is that the power consumed by the operation of the counter alone is much lower than the energy consumption of the central control module 30 to detect the voltage, and thus the power consumption of the transmission power supply 43 can be effectively saved through the above design. The electrical energy, in turn, achieves the effect of extending the life of the transmission power supply 43.
當然，在一些需要準確監控變速器電源43與剩餘可變速次數的情況下，中央控制模組30亦可在使用者每次進行變速時，便隨即偵測電壓並與最低參考電壓值VR以及每次變速預計會消耗的電壓值VS進行前列之公式的即時計算來達到準確監控的目的。 Of course, in some cases where it is necessary to accurately monitor the transmission power source 43 and the remaining variable speed number, the central control module 30 can also detect the voltage and the lowest reference voltage value V R and each time each time the user performs the shifting. The voltage value V S expected to be consumed by the secondary shifting is subjected to the instantaneous calculation of the preceding formula to achieve accurate monitoring.
此外，為了能達到精準監控，請參閱圖6，本發明更具有能偵測電源充電與否之功能，其偵測方法包含有以下步驟：於每次電子變速器準備關機(步驟S300)時，會先偵測並儲存變速器電源43的電壓數值VB1(步驟S301)後，才將電子變速器關機(步驟S302)，重新開機(步驟S303)後，將會再次偵測取得新的電壓數值VB2(步驟S304)，並計算開機後之電壓數值VB2減掉關機前的電壓數值VB1之差值是否高於一額定電壓誤差VT(步驟S305)，若差值高於額定電壓誤差VT時，則判定為有進行充電。此時，將重新執行前述之計算剩餘可變速次數的初始設定方法(步驟S306)。反之，若差值小於額定誤差VT，則判定為無進行充電，應為溫度等環境因素造成，將不重新執行前述之計算剩餘可變速次數的初始設定方法(步驟S307)。 In addition, in order to achieve accurate monitoring, please refer to FIG. 6. The present invention further has the function of detecting whether the power is charged or not. The detecting method includes the following steps: each time the electronic transmission is ready to be shut down (step S300), After detecting and storing the voltage value V B1 of the transmission power source 43 (step S301), the electronic transmission is turned off (step S302), and after restarting (step S303), the new voltage value V B2 is detected again ( Step S304), and calculating whether the voltage value V B2 after the power-on is subtracted from the voltage value V B1 before the shutdown is higher than a rated voltage error V T (step S305), if the difference is higher than the rated voltage error V T Then, it is determined that charging is being performed. At this time, the aforementioned initial setting method of calculating the number of remaining variable speeds is re-executed (step S306). On the other hand, if the difference is smaller than the rated error V T , it is determined that no charging is performed, and environmental factors such as temperature should be caused, and the above-described initial setting method of calculating the remaining number of shiftable times will not be re-executed (step S307).
舉例而言，變速器電源43關閉前測得之變速器電源43的電壓VB1為7.4伏特，所設定之額定電壓誤差0.2伏特，若開機後之電壓數值VB2為7.9伏特，其差值為0.5伏特，則判定為有進行充電，將重新執行計算剩餘可變速次數。反之，若開機後之電壓數值VB2為7.5伏特，其差值為0.1伏特，則判定為判定為無進行充電，應為溫度等環境因素造成，將不重新計算剩餘可變速次數。 For example, the voltage V B1 of the transmission power source 43 measured before the transmission power source 43 is turned off is 7.4 volts, and the rated voltage error is set to 0.2 volts. If the voltage value V B2 after power-on is 7.9 volts, the difference is 0.5 volts. If it is determined that charging is being performed, the calculation of the remaining variable speed number will be performed again. On the other hand, if the voltage value V B2 after the power-on is 7.5 volts and the difference is 0.1 volt, it is judged that it is determined that there is no charging, and it should be caused by environmental factors such as temperature, and the remaining variable speed number will not be recalculated.
另外，請再次審閱圖2，由於前、後變速控制器11、21仍需透過前、後控制器電源12、22供應產生訊號所需之電能。因此，本發明之作動方法除偵測變速器電源43之電壓外，亦可再偵測並顯示控制器電源12、22之電壓VC(如前述顯示燈號、文字、電壓值、電壓值區問、電量百分比等)(步驟S118、S119)，藉以供使用者知悉前、後控制器電源12、22的供應狀況。 In addition, please review FIG. 2 again, since the front and rear shift controllers 11, 21 still need to supply the power required to generate the signals through the front and rear controller power supplies 12, 22. Therefore, in addition to detecting the voltage of the transmission power source 43, the actuation method of the present invention can also detect and display the voltage V C of the controller power supply 12, 22 (such as the aforementioned display signal, text, voltage value, voltage value area). (% of the battery, etc.) (steps S118, S119), so that the user can know the supply status of the front and rear controller power supplies 12, 22.
此外，偵測前、後控制器電源12、22之電壓VC後，更可利用偵測結果判斷前、後控制器電源12、22之電壓VC是否低於一警示電壓VA(步驟S117)。若低於，同樣可透過額外設置的裝備(圖未示)產生閃爍紅光或蜂鳴聲響等警示訊息(步驟S117)告知使用者前、後控制器電源12、22之電壓VC過低，請盡速更換。而於本實施例中，為確保前、後控制器電源12、22壽命與作動正常，當前、後控制器電源12、22之電壓VC等於警示電壓VA時即產生警示。當然，在其他實施情況中，當前、後控制器電源12、22之電壓VC等於警示電壓VA時，亦可不產生警示而僅顯示前、後控制器電源12、22之電壓VC而已。 Further, before the detection, after the controller 12 and 22 of the power supply voltage V C, and more may be utilized before the detection result of the determination, the controller of the power supply voltage V C 12,22 is below a warning voltage V A (step S117 ). If it is lower, a warning message such as blinking red light or buzzing sound may be generated through an additionally provided equipment (not shown) (step S117) to inform the user that the voltage V C of the controller power sources 12 and 22 is too low before and after. Please replace it as soon as possible. In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the front and rear controller power supplies 12, 22 have a good life and operation, an alarm is generated when the voltages V C of the current and rear controller power supplies 12, 22 are equal to the warning voltage V A . Of course, in other implementations, when the voltage V C of the current and rear controller power supplies 12, 22 is equal to the warning voltage V A , only the voltage V C of the front and rear controller power supplies 12, 22 may be displayed without warning.
如此一來，透過上述之設計，不僅透過簡單的判斷與作動便可避免於變速過程中產生問題，同時亦可達到保護電源供應與壽命的效果。而必須說明的是，以上所述僅為本發明較佳可行實施例而已，舉 凡應用本創作說明書及申請專利範圍所為之等效變化，理應包含在本創作之專利範圍內。 In this way, through the above design, not only through simple judgment and actuation, problems can be avoided in the shifting process, but also the effect of protecting the power supply and the life can be achieved. It should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Equivalent changes in the scope of this creation and the scope of the patent application should be included in the scope of this creation.
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