TWI630446B - Adhesive tape with wavelength conversion function - Google Patents

Adhesive tape with wavelength conversion function Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI630446B
TWI630446B TW106108883A TW106108883A TWI630446B TW I630446 B TWI630446 B TW I630446B TW 106108883 A TW106108883 A TW 106108883A TW 106108883 A TW106108883 A TW 106108883A TW I630446 B TWI630446 B TW I630446B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wavelength conversion
wavelength
adhesive tape
adhesive layer
light
Prior art date
Application number
TW106108883A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW201736917A (zh
Inventor
中村恒三
吉川貴博
細川和人
Original Assignee
日商日東電工股份有限公司
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Publication of TW201736917A publication Critical patent/TW201736917A/zh
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Publication of TWI630446B publication Critical patent/TWI630446B/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
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    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J109/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • C09J109/06—Copolymers with styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09J123/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
    • C09J123/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
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    • C09J7/383—Natural or synthetic rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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Abstract

本發明係提供一種具預定波長轉換機能且具優異之耐久性的黏著膠帶。本發明之黏著膠帶具有基材與具波長轉換機能之黏著劑層。基材之水蒸氣穿透率係1g/(m2 ×day)以下。於一實施形態中，黏著劑層包含選自於苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體、異丁烯系聚合物及其組合之橡膠系聚合物。於一實施形態中，黏著劑層包含至少2個含有第1波長轉換材料及第2波長轉換材料之波長轉換材料，第1波長轉換材料於515nm~550nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長，第2波長轉換材料於605nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長。

Description

具有波長轉換機能之黏著膠帶
本發明係有關於一種具有波長轉換機能之黏著膠帶。更詳而言之，本發明係有關於一種黏著膠帶，其具有具障壁機能之基材與具波長轉換機能之黏著劑層。
近年來，為提升液晶顯示裝置之色彩再現性，正在發展組合紅色(R)、綠色(G)、藍色(B)等單色光源來作為背光光源使用的技術。使用如此之RGB光源的液晶顯示裝置中，特別為防止藍色(B)光源之漏光，有使用黏著膠帶的情形。具體而言，智慧型手機等行動型液晶顯示裝置中是在對應偏光板內側之邊緣部的部分可使用黏著膠帶、液晶電視等大型液晶顯示裝置中則是在對應導光板之邊緣部的部分可使用黏著膠帶。由防止漏光之觀點來看，黏著膠帶以具有預定波長轉換機能為佳。但，具有波長轉換機能之黏著膠帶的耐久性極不充分，結果，有液晶顯示裝置之影像特性隨著時間劣化的問題。 先前技術文獻 專利文獻
專利文獻1：日本專利特開平9-176590號公報
發明概要 發明欲解決之課題 本發明是為解決前述習知課題而作成，其目的係提供一種具預定波長轉換機能，且具優異之耐久性的黏著膠帶。 用以解決課題之手段
本發明之黏著膠帶具有基材與具波長轉換機能之黏著劑層，其吸收預定波長之光，並發射與該預定波長相異之波長之光，而該基材之水蒸氣穿透率係1g/(m2 ×day)以下。 於一實施形態中，前述黏著劑層包含選自於苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體、異丁烯系聚合物及其組合之橡膠系聚合物。 於一實施形態中，前述黏著劑層包含至少1種於515nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域中具有發光中心波長的波長轉換材料。於再一實施形態中，前述黏著劑層包含至少2種波長轉換材料，該2種波長轉換材料包含第1波長轉換材料及第2波長轉換材料。該第1波長轉換材料於515nm~550nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長，該第2波長轉換材料於605nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長。 於一實施形態中，前述黏著劑層包含經有機化處理之層狀矽酸鹽。 於一實施形態中，前述黏著劑層之厚度50μm換算的水蒸氣穿透率係100g/(m2 ×day)以下。 於一實施形態中，前述黏著劑層之厚度係20μm以上。 本發明之另一態樣之黏著膠帶係具波長轉換機能之液晶顯示裝置之防漏光用黏著膠帶，當預定波長之光入射至該黏著膠帶時所得的發光強度，係與該預定波長之光入射至該液晶顯示裝置時由該液晶顯示裝置之波長轉換機能所得的發光強度同等或在其以下。 發明效果
依據本發明，藉於黏著劑中摻合波長轉換材料形成黏著劑層，且使基材之透溼度為預定範圍的構造，即可實現具預定波長轉換機能且具優異耐久性之黏著膠帶。
用以實施發明之形態 A.黏著膠帶之整體構造 圖1係說明本發明之一實施形態之黏著膠帶的概略截面圖。黏著膠帶100具有基材10與黏著劑層20。黏著劑層20具有波長轉換機能。結果，黏著膠帶100之整體具有波長轉換機能。換言之，黏著膠帶100吸收預定波長之光，可發出與該預定波長相異波長的光。
基材10對氧及/或水蒸氣具有障壁機能。本說明書之「具有障壁機能」係指控制入侵黏著劑層之氧及/或水蒸氣的透過量，使黏著劑層中之波長轉換材料(後述)實質上自該等隔絕之意。本發明之實施形態中，基材10之水蒸氣穿透率以1g/(m2 ×day)以下為佳。如圖2所示，亦可於基材10之至少一側設置障壁層。圖示例中於基材10兩側設有障壁層31、32。障壁層以至少設於基材內側為佳。藉由形成障壁層，可在維持作為基材所期之物理及機械特性之同時實現對黏著劑層(實質上係黏著劑層中之波長轉換材料)所期之障壁機能。
具代表性之黏著劑層20係包含作為基質之黏著劑與分散於該黏著劑中之波長轉換材料。黏著劑層20可僅含有1種波長轉換材料，亦可含有2種以上(例如，2種、3種、4種以上)。一實施形態中，黏著劑層以可含有於515nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長的波長轉換材料之至少一種為佳。另一實施形態中黏著劑層可含有2種波長轉換材料(第1波長轉換材料及第2波長轉換材料)。此時，第1波長轉換材料以於515nm~550nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長為佳，第2波長轉換材以於605nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長為佳。因此，第1波長轉換材料受激發光(本發明中來自背光光源之光)激發而發出綠光，第2波長轉換材料則可發出紅光。藉由形成擷取於如此之波長帶域具有發光中心波長的紅光及綠光之黏著劑層，可賦予黏著膠帶整體所期之波長轉換機能。
實際使用上，黏著膠帶100、101亦可於黏著劑層20表面暫時設置分離件(未圖示)直到供使用為止，以保護黏著劑層20。
本發明之實施形態之黏著膠帶作為液晶顯示裝置之防漏光用膠帶功能可非常良好。例如，液晶顯示裝置光源露出藍光時，藉於漏光處貼附具有波長轉換機能之黏著膠帶，將該漏出之光轉換為白色光，可隱化單一色之漏光。一實施形態中，黏著膠帶可用於防止具波長轉換機能之液晶顯示裝置的漏光。此時，預定波長之光入射於該黏著膠帶時所得的發光強度，與該預定波長之光入射於該液晶顯示裝置時由該液晶顯示裝置之波長轉換機能所得的發光強度同等或以下。換言之，倘若黏著膠帶之波長轉換機能(發光強度)較原本組入液晶顯示裝置之具波長轉換機能的片材優異時，貼有黏著膠帶之部分將變得較亮，有防止漏光之效果不充分的情形。而只要構成如前述，即可防止如此之不當情形。
B.基材 B-1.基材 基材10可以任何可構成黏著膠帶之基材的適當材料來構成。構成基材之材料具代表性的係樹脂。以樹脂具有障壁機能、透明性及/或光學等向性為佳。如此樹脂的具體例，可舉環狀烯烴系樹脂、聚碳酸酯系樹脂、纖維素系樹脂、聚酯系樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂為例。以環狀烯烴系樹脂(例如，降莰烯系樹脂)、聚酯系樹脂(例如，聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET))、丙烯酸系樹脂(例如，主鏈中具有內酯環或戊醯亞胺環等環狀結構的丙烯酸系樹脂)。該等樹脂具優異之障壁機能、透明性及光學等向性的均衡性。
基材厚度以10μm~200μm為佳，較佳者是20μm~60μm。若為如此之厚度，黏著膠帶之基材可得所期之機械強度及/或柔軟性。
如前述，基材對氧及/或水蒸氣具有障壁機能。藉由基材具有障壁機能，防止氧及/或水蒸氣造成黏著劑層波長轉換材料之劣化，結果，可達成黏著劑層波長轉換機能之長壽化。基材可本身具有障壁機能，亦可藉於至少一側設置障壁層作為基材與障壁層之積層體而具有障壁機能。基材(設置障壁層時係基材與障壁層之積層體)之氧穿透率以10cm3 /(m2 ×day×atm)以下為佳，較佳者是1cm3 /(m2 ×day×atm)以下，更佳者為0.1cm3 /(m2 ×day×atm)以下。於25℃、0%RH之環境氣體下藉由依據JIS K 7126之測量法可測量氧穿透率。基材之水蒸氣穿透率(透溼度)以1g/(m2 ×day)以下為佳，較佳者是0.1g/(m2 ×day)以下，更佳者為0.01g/(m2 ×day)以下。於40℃、90%RH之環境氣體下藉由依據JIS K 7129之測量法可測量水蒸氣穿透率。
B-2.障壁層 障壁層可賦予基材適當之障壁機能。藉由設置障壁層，可更良好地防止氧及/或水蒸氣造成之黏著劑層波長轉換材料的劣化。
障壁層可舉金屬蒸鍍膜、金屬或矽之氧化物膜、氧化氮化膜或氮化膜、金屬箔為例。金屬蒸鍍膜之金屬可舉In、Sn、Pb、Cu、Ag、Ti為例。金屬氧化物可舉ITO、IZO、AZO、SiO2 、MgO、SiO、SixOy、Al2 O3 、GeO、TiO2 為例。金屬箔可舉鋁箔、銅箔、不鏽鋼箔為例。又，障壁層亦可使用活化障壁薄膜。活化障壁薄膜係與氧進行反應而積極地吸收氧的薄膜。活化障壁薄膜為市售。市售之具體例，可舉東洋紡之「Oxyguard」、三菱瓦斯化學之「Adgeless×Omac」、共同印刷之「OxyCatch」、Kuraray之「EVAL AP」為例。
如圖2所示，於基材10兩側設有障壁層31、32時，障壁層31、32之構造可相同亦可相異。。
障壁層之厚度係例如50nm~50μm。
C.黏著劑層 黏著劑層10係如前述，代表性者包含作為基質之黏著劑與分散於該黏著劑中之波長轉換材料。
C-1.黏著劑 構成基質之黏著劑以具有低透氧性及透溼性、具高之光穩定性及化學穩定性、具預定折射率、具優異透明性、具光學等向性、及/或對波長轉換材料具優異分散性為佳。
黏著劑可使用任意具有前述特性之適合的黏著劑。黏著劑之具體例可舉橡膠系黏著劑、丙烯酸系黏著劑、聚矽氧系黏著劑、環氧系黏著劑、纖維素系黏著劑為例。以橡膠系黏著劑或丙烯酸系黏著劑為佳。
橡膠系黏著劑(黏著劑組成物)之橡膠系聚合物係於室溫附近之溫度域中顯示橡膠彈性的聚合物。較佳之橡膠系聚合物(A)可舉苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)、異丁烯系聚合物(A2)、及其組合為例。
苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)可舉例如：苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)、苯乙烯-異戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SIS)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEPS、SIS之氫化物)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯嵌段共聚物(SEP、苯乙烯-異戊二烯嵌段共聚物之氫化物)、苯乙烯-異丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SIBS)、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠(SBR)等苯乙烯系嵌段共聚物。該等中由分子兩末端具有聚苯乙烯嵌段、聚合物具有高凝集力之點來看，以苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEPS、SIS之氫化物)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)、苯乙烯-異丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SIBS)為佳。苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)亦可使用市售品。市售品之具體例，可舉(股)Kuraray製之SEPTON、HYBRAR、旭化成化學(股)製之Tuftec、(股)Kaneka製之SIBSTAR為例。
苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)之重量平均分子量以5萬~50萬左右為佳，較佳者是5萬~30萬左右，更佳者為5萬~25萬左右。苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)之重量平均分子量於該範圍內的話，因可兼具聚合物之凝集力與黏彈性故為佳。
苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)中之苯乙烯含量以5重量%~70重量%左右為佳，較佳者是5重量%~40重量%左右，更佳者為10重量%~20重量%左右。苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體(A1)中之苯乙烯含量於該範圍內的話，因可一面保持利用苯乙烯部位之凝集力，一面確保利用軟鏈段之黏彈性故為佳。
異丁烯系聚合物(A2)可舉包含以異丁烯作為構成單體，且重量平均分子量(Mw)以50萬以上為佳者為例。異丁烯系聚合物(A2)可為異丁烯之同元聚合物(聚異丁烯、PIB)，亦可為以異丁烯作為主單體之共聚物(即，以大於50莫耳%之比例共聚合有異丁烯的共聚物)。如此之共聚物，可舉例如：異丁烯與正丁烯之共聚物、異丁烯與異戊二烯之共聚物(例如，普通丁基橡膠、氯化丁基橡膠、溴化丁基橡膠、部分交聯丁基橡膠等丁基橡膠類)、該等之硫化橡膠或改質物(經例如，羥基、羧基、胺基、環氧基等官能基改質者)等。該等中，由主鏈中未含有雙鍵且耐候性優異之點來看，以聚異丁烯(PIB)為佳。異丁烯系聚合物(A2)亦可使用市售品。市售品之具體例可舉BASF社製之OPPANOL為例。
異丁烯系聚合物(A2)之重量平均分子量(Mw)以50萬以上為佳，較佳者是60萬以上，更佳者為70萬以上。又，重量平均分子量(Mw)之上限以500萬以下為佳，較佳者是300萬以下，更佳者為200萬以下。藉將異丁烯系聚合物(A2)之重量平均分子量設為50萬以上，可作成高溫保管時之耐久性更為優異的黏著劑組成物。
黏著劑(黏著劑組成物)之橡膠系聚合物(A)的含量，於黏著劑組成物之全固體成分中，以30重量%以上為佳，較佳者是40重量%以上，更佳者為50重量%以上，特佳者係60重量%以上。橡膠系聚合物含量之上限以95重量%以下為佳，較佳者是90重量%以下。
橡膠系黏著劑中亦可組合前述橡膠系聚合物(A)與其他橡膠系聚合物使用。其他橡膠系聚合物之具體例可舉例如：丁基橡膠(IIR)、丁二烯橡膠(BR)、丙烯腈-丁二烯橡膠(NBR)、EPR(二元系乙烯-丙烯橡膠)、EPT(三元系乙烯-丙烯橡膠)、丙烯酸橡膠、胺基甲酸酯橡膠、聚胺基甲酸酯系熱塑性彈性體；聚酯系熱塑性彈性體；聚丙烯與EPT(三元系乙烯-丙烯橡膠)之聚合物摻合物等摻合物系熱塑性彈性體。相對於前述橡膠系聚合物(A)100重量份，其他橡膠系聚合物之摻合量以10重量份左右以下為佳。
丙烯酸系黏著劑(黏著劑組成物)之丙烯酸系聚合物，代表性的是含有烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯作為主成分，並可含有：含芳香環之(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含醯胺基之單體、含羧基之單體及/或含羥基之單體來作為視目的而共聚合成分。本說明書中「(甲基)丙烯酸酯」係丙烯酸酯及/或甲基丙烯酸酯之意。烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯可舉直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷基之碳數1~18者為例。含芳香環之(甲基)丙烯酸酯係於其結構中含有芳香環結構，且包含(甲基)丙烯醯基之化合物。芳香環可舉苯環、萘環、或聯苯環為例。含芳香環之(甲基)丙烯酸酯可滿足耐久性(特別是，對透明導電層之耐久性)，且可改善周邊部之泛白造成的顯示不均。含醯胺基之單體係於其結構中包含醯胺基且包含(甲基)丙烯醯基、乙烯基等聚合性不飽和雙鍵的化合物。含羧基之單體係於其結構中包含羧基且包含(甲基)丙烯醯基、乙烯基等聚合性不飽和雙鍵的化合物。含羥基之單體係於其結構中包含羥基且包含(甲基)丙烯醯基、乙烯基等聚合性不飽和雙鍵的化合物。丙烯酸系黏著劑之詳細內容記載於例如日本專利特開2015-199942號公報中，本說明書中引用該公報之記載作為參考。
C-2.波長轉換材料 波長轉換材料可控制黏著劑層之波長轉換特性。波長轉換材料可為例如量子點，亦可為螢光體。一實施形態中，第1波長轉換材料及第2波長轉換材料均可為量子點。其他實施形態中，可為第1波長轉換材料或第2波長轉換材料之一者為量子點，另一者為螢光體。可為例如第1波長轉換材料為量子點，第2波長轉換材料為螢光體。此外其他實施形態中，第1波長轉換材料及第2波長轉換材料可均為螢光體。
相對於黏著劑固體成分100重量份，黏著劑層中波長轉換材料之含量(使用2種以上時係合計含量)以0.01重量份~50重量份為佳，較佳者是0.01重量份~35重量份，更佳者為0.01重量份~30重量份。波長轉換材料之含量於該範圍內的話，可實現可良好地防止漏光的黏著膠帶。
C-2-1.量子點 量子點可單獨使用，亦可組合2種以上(例如，2種、3種、4種以上)使用。例如，藉由適當地組合使用具相異之發光中心波長的量子點，可形成實現具所期之發光中心波長之光的黏著劑層。可藉由量子點之材料及/或組成、粒子尺寸、形狀等調整量子點之發光中心波長。一實施形態中，可使用2種量子點(第1量子點及第2量子點)。藉由適當地組合該等，使預定波長之光(來自背光光源之光)入射及通過黏著劑層，可實現於所期之波長帶域具發光中心波長之光。例如，第1量子點以於515nm~550nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長為佳，第2量子點以於605nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長為佳。因此，第1量子點受激發光(本發明中係來自背光光源之光)所激發，發出綠光，第2量子點可發出紅光。若為如此之構造，視需要藉由更加組合可發藍光之量子點，可更良好地防止漏光。
量子點可以任何適當之材料來構成。量子點以無機材料構成為佳，較佳者可以無機導體材料或無機半導體材料所構成。半導體材料可舉II-VI族、III-V族、IV-VI族、及IV族半導體為例。具體例可舉例如：Si、Ge、Sn、Se、Te、B、C(包含鑽石)、P、BN、BP、BAs、AlN、AlP、AlAs、AlSb、GaN、GaP、GaAs、GaSb、InN、InP、InAs、InSb、AlN、AlP、AlAs、AlSb、GaN、GaP、GaAs、GaSb、ZnO、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、CdS、CdSe、CdSeZn、CdTe、HgS、HgSe、HgTe、BeS、BeSe、BeTe、MgS、MgSe、GeS、GeSe、GeTe、SnS、SnSe、SnTe、PbO、PbS、PbSe、PbTe、CuF、CuCl、CuBr、CuI、Si3 N4 、Ge3 N4 、Al2 O3 、(Al、Ga、In)2 (S、Se、Te)3 、Al2 CO。該等可單獨使用，亦可組合2種以上使用。量子點亦可含有p型摻雜物或n型摻雜物。又，量子點亦可具有核殼構造。該核殼構造中，可視目的於殼周圍形成任何適當之機能層(單一層或多數層)，亦可於殼表面進行表面處理及/或化學修飾。
可視目的使用任何適當之形狀作為量子點的形狀。具體例可舉圓球狀、鱗片狀、板狀、橢圓球狀、不定形狀為例。
量子點尺寸，可對應所期之發光波長採用任意適當的尺寸。具代表性之量子點尺寸係1nm~20nm，以1nm~10nm為佳，較佳者是2nm~8nm。量子點尺寸於該範圍內的話，可分別顯示鮮明之綠色及紅色光，可實現高演色性。例如，以量子點尺寸7nm左右可發出綠光，以3nm左右可發出紅光。再者，量子點尺寸方面，例如，量子點為圓球狀時係平均粒徑，其以外之形狀則係沿著該形狀之最小軸的尺寸。
量子點之詳細內容記載於例如，日本專利特開2012-169271號公報、日本專利特開2015-102857號公報、日本專利特開2015-65158號公報、日本專利特表2013-544018號公報、日本專利特表2010-533976號公報，本說明書中引用該等公報之記載作為參考。量子點亦可使用市售品。
C-2-2.螢光體 螢光體可視目的使用任何可發出所期顏色之光的螢光體。具體例可舉紅色螢光體、綠色螢光體為例。
紅色螢光體可舉經Mn4+ 活性化之複合氟化物螢光體為例。複合氟化物螢光體係指含有至少一個配位中心(例如，後述之M)，被作為配位子作用之氟化物離子所包圍，視需要藉由相對離子(例如，後述之A)補償電荷的配位化合物。其具體例可舉例如：A2 [MF5 ]：Mn4+ 、A3 [MF6 ]：Mn4+ 、Zn2 [MF7 ]：Mn4+ 、A[In2 F7 ]：Mn4+ 、A2 [M´F6 ]：Mn4+ 、E[M´F6 ]：Mn4+ 、A3 [ZrF7 ]：Mn4+ 、Ba0.65 Zr0.35 F2.70 ：Mn4+ 。此處，A係Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs、NH4 或其組合。M係Al、Ga、In或其組合。M´係Ge、Si、Sn、Ti、Zr或其組合。E係Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn或其組合。以配位中心之配位數為6之複合氟化物螢光體為佳。如此之紅色螢光體之詳細內容記載於例如日本專利特開2015-84327號公報中。本說明書中引用該公報整體之記載作為參考。
綠色螢光體可舉例如：包含以具β型Si3 N4 結晶結構之矽鋁氮氧化物固溶體作為主成分的化合物。宜進行使如此之矽鋁氮氧化物結晶中所含之氧量在特定量(例如，0.8質量%)以下的處理。藉由進行如此之處理，可得峰值寬度小、發鮮明之光的綠色螢光體。如此之綠色螢光體之詳細內容記載於例如日本專利特開2013-28814號公報。本說明書中引用該公報整體之記載作為參考。
C-3.障壁機能 黏著劑層以對氧及/或水蒸氣具有障壁機能為佳。黏著劑層可藉由賦予量子點本身諸如核殼型、菱形塊型之立體結構，來顯現障壁機能。又，藉由適當地選擇黏著劑，黏著劑層可顯現障壁機能。黏著劑層宜藉由摻合經有機化處理之層狀矽酸鹽(有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽)而可顯現障壁機能。藉使黏著劑層具有障壁機能，與前述基材之障壁機能產生相乘之效果，可維持所期之波長轉換機能，並實現具非常優異之耐久性的黏著膠帶。
前述有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽可由適當地有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽而得。該層狀矽酸鹽具有例如，積層有數百~數千片板狀結晶(例如，厚度1nm)之積層構造，前述板狀結晶由2層之二氧化矽4面體層與存在於2層二氧化矽4面體層間的鎂8面體層或鋁8面體層所構成。層狀矽酸鹽可舉膨潤石、膨土、微晶高嶺石、高嶺石等為例。
前述層狀矽酸鹽之厚度以0.5nm~30nm為佳，較佳者是0.8nm~10nm。層狀矽酸鹽之長邊長度以50nm~1000nm為佳，較佳者是300nm~600nm。再者，層狀矽酸鹽之長邊意指構成層狀矽酸鹽之邊中最長的邊。
前述層狀矽酸鹽之縱橫比(厚度T與長邊長度L之比L/T)以25以上為佳，較佳者是200以上。藉由使用縱橫比高之層狀矽酸鹽，即使層狀矽酸鹽之添加量少，仍可得氣體障壁性高的黏著劑層。又，若層狀矽酸鹽之添加量少，即可得透明性高且柔軟性優異之黏著劑層。層狀矽酸鹽縱橫比之上限通常係300。
有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽以於200℃以上之溫度下未著色為佳，較佳者是230℃以上，更佳者為230℃~400℃。有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽以於230℃下加熱10分鐘亦未著色為佳。本說明書中「未著色」係指以目視確認有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽後未著色。
有機化處理是藉由使用適合之鹽作為有機化處理劑對層狀矽酸鹽中原本存在於板狀結晶間之無機陽離子(例如，Na+ 、Ca2+ 、Al3+ 、Mg2+ )進行陽離子交換來進行。前述陽離子交換所使用之有機化處理劑，可舉含氮雜環式4級銨鹽、第4級鏻鹽等為例。以使用第4級咪唑啶鎓鹽、三苯鏻鹽等為佳。經使用該等鹽進行有機化處理之層狀矽酸鹽，耐熱性優異且於高溫下(例如，200℃以上)仍未著色。又，該有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽於黏著劑層之分散性優異。使用分散性高之有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽的話，可形成透明性及氣體障壁性高之黏著劑層。以使用第4級咪唑啶鎓鹽作為前述有機化處理劑較佳。因第4級咪唑啶鎓鹽之耐熱性更為優異，故使用經第4級咪唑啶鎓鹽有機化處理的層狀矽酸鹽的話，於高溫下亦可得著色較少之黏著劑層。
作為前述有機化處理劑使用之鹽的相對陰離子係例如，Cl- 、B- 、Br- 。該相對陰離子以Cl- 或B- 為佳，較佳者是Cl- 。包含如此之相對離子的鹽與原本存在於層狀矽酸鹽之無機陽離子的交換性優異。
作為前述有機化處理劑使用之鹽以具有長鏈之烷基為佳。該烷基之碳數以4以上為佳，較佳者是6以上，更佳者為8~12。使用具長鏈之烷基的話，該鹽將擴大層狀矽酸鹽之板狀結晶之間，該結晶間之相互作用減弱，結果，有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽之分散性提升。有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽之分散性高的話，可形成透明性及氣體障壁性高之黏著劑層。
有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽之厚度以0.5nm~30nm為佳，較佳者是0.8nm~20nm，更佳者為1nm~5nm。
前述有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽可藉由例如，使層狀矽酸鹽與作為有機化處理劑之鹽分散於任何適當之溶劑(例如，水)中，並在預定條件下攪拌後得到。前述有機化處理劑之鹽的添加量，以莫耳基準計，相對於原本存在於層狀矽酸鹽中之陽離子，以1.1倍以上為佳，較佳者是1.2倍以上，更佳者為1.5倍以上。層狀矽酸鹽是否經有機化處理，可利用X射線繞射解析測量層狀矽酸鹽之層間距離，依據層間距離之寬度來確認。
相對於黏著劑固體成分100重量份，前述有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽之摻合量以1重量份~30重量份為佳，較佳者是3重量份~20重量份，更佳者為3重量份~15重量份，特佳者係5重量份~15重量份。於如此範圍內的話，可得氣體障壁性及透明性優異，且著色少之黏著劑層。
黏著劑層之厚度50μm換算的水蒸氣穿透率(透溼度)，以100g/(m2 ×day)以下為佳，較佳者是80g/(m2 ×day)以下。
C-4.其他 視目的黏著劑層更可含有任何適當之添加材。添加材可舉光擴散材料、賦予光異向性之材料、使光偏光化之材料為例。光擴散材料之具體例，可舉由丙烯酸系樹脂、聚矽氧系樹脂、苯乙烯系樹脂、或該等之共聚合系樹脂所構成之微粒子為例。賦予光異向性之材料及/或使光偏光化之材料的具體例，可舉因長軸與短軸而雙折射相異的橢圓球狀微粒子、核殼型微粒子、積層型微粒子為例。添加劑之種類、數量、摻合量等可視目的適當地設定。
黏著劑層可藉由例如塗佈包含黏著劑、波長轉換材料及視需要之添加材的液狀組成物形成。塗佈方法可使用任何適當之塗佈方法。具體例可舉例如：簾幕式塗佈法、浸塗式塗佈法、旋轉塗佈法、印刷法、噴霧塗佈法、狹縫塗佈法、輥塗佈法、斜板式塗佈法、刮刀塗佈法、凹板塗法、塗佈棒法。硬化條件可視使用之黏著劑種類及組成物組成等適當地設定。再者，於黏著劑中添加量子點時，可於粒子狀態下添加，亦可於分散於溶劑中之分散液狀態下添加。
黏著劑層可為單一層，亦可具有積層構造。黏著劑層具有積層構造時，具代表性之各層可包含具相異之發光特性的波長轉換材料。
黏著劑層之厚度(具積層構造時其總厚度)以20μm~500μm為佳，較佳者是100μm~400μm。黏著劑層之厚度於如此之範圍內的話，可得防漏光性能及耐久性優異之黏著膠帶。此外，藉使厚度為20μm以上，可實現優異之障壁性。黏著劑層具積層構造時各層之厚度以10μm~300μm為佳，較佳者是20μm~250μm。 [實施例]
以下，藉由實施例具體地說明本發明，但本發明並未受該等實施例所限定。再者，各特性之測量方法係如下述。
(1)厚度 障壁層厚度係使用穿透式電子顯微鏡(日立製作所製H-7650)觀察截面來進行測量。基材及黏著劑層之厚度係使用膜厚計(Peacock社製數位針盤量規DG-205)測量。 (2)透溼度 藉由依據JIS K 7129之測量法測量。具體而言，將由實施例及比較例所得之基材或附障壁層之基材切成10cmΦ的圓形，作為測量試樣。使用Technolox社製「DELTAPERM」對該測量試樣在40℃、90%RH之試驗條件下測量透溼度。 (3)波長轉換性能(防漏光特性) 分解市售之液晶顯示裝置(Samsung社製，商品名「UN65JS9000FXZA」)。於與該液晶顯示裝置導光板之兩端部相接的邊緣部分貼合由實施例及比較例所得之黏著膠帶，點亮液晶顯示裝置之背光，以目視確認貼合部分的漏光程度。 (4)耐久性 將貼合有前述(3)之黏著膠帶的液晶顯示裝置放置於85℃、85%RH之烘箱中24小時後，與前述(3)同樣地測量貼合部分的漏光程度。將測量之發光強度換算成以耐久試驗前之發光強度作為100時的相對值。 此外，藉由目視觀察耐久試驗後黏著膠帶之黏著劑層狀態。
＜實施例1＞ (附障壁層之基材之製作) 使用市售之PET薄膜(東洋紡社製，商品名「COSMOSHINE A4300」，厚度100μm)作為基材。於該薄膜之一面蒸鍍AZO及SiO2 形成障壁層(總厚度0.06μm)。所得之附障壁層之基材的透溼度係0.01g/(m2 ×day)。
(黏著劑) 於作為橡膠系聚合物之聚異丁烯(PIB)100重量份中摻合作為黏著賦予劑之氫化萜烯酚(商品名：YSPolystar TH130，軟化點：130℃，羥值：60，Yasuhara Chemical(股)製)10重量份、作為綠色波長轉換材料之由InP系核心所構成的粒子徑10nm以下且發光中心波長530nm之量子點3重量份、作為紅色波長轉換材料之由InP系核心所構成的粒子徑20nm以下且發光中心波長630nm之量子點0.3重量份，並調整成於甲苯溶劑中固體成分為18重量%，調製具波長轉換材料之黏著劑組成物(溶液)。
(黏著膠帶之製作) 藉由撒布機於前述所得之附障壁層之基材的障壁層表面塗佈前述調製之黏著劑，形成黏著劑層。黏著劑層之厚度係50μm，透溼度係10g/(m2 ×day)。如此地製作黏著膠帶。使用所得之黏著膠帶進行前述(3)及(4)的評價。於表1顯示結果。
＜實施例2＞ 除了使用丙烯酸系黏著劑取代橡膠系黏著劑形成黏著劑層以外，與實施例1同樣地製作黏著膠帶。如下述地調製丙烯酸系黏著劑。黏著劑層之厚度係50μm，透溼度係5g/(m2 ×day)。 於日本專利第2549388號記載之丙烯酸聚合物100重量份中，摻合0.15份之過氧化二苯甲醯基(日本油脂製(股)：NYPER BO-Y)、0.02份之三羥甲基丙烷二甲苯二異氰酸酯(三井武田化學(股)：TAKENATE D110N)、0.2份之矽烷偶合劑(綜研化學股份有限公司製：A-100，含乙醯乙醯基之矽烷偶合劑)，製備丙烯酸系黏著劑。相對於丙烯酸聚合物100重量份，摻合作為綠色波長轉換材料之由InP系核心所構成的粒子徑10nm以下且發光中心波長530nm之量子點3重量份、作為紅色波長轉換材料之由InP系核心所構成的粒子徑20nm以下且發光中心波長630nm之量子點0.3重量份、日本專利特開2015-183078號公報之實施例1記載的奈米黏土(有機化處理層狀矽酸鹽)10重量份，並調整成於甲苯溶劑中之固體成分為18重量%。
使用所得之黏著膠帶，進行與實施例1相同的評價。於表1顯示結果。
＜比較例1＞ 除了未於PET薄膜施行蒸鍍處理以外，與實施例1同樣地製作黏著膠帶。基材之透溼度係11.3g/(m2 ×day)。使用所得之黏著膠帶進行與實施例1相同的評價。於表1顯示結果。
[表1]
＜評價＞ 由表1可清楚知曉本發明之實施例的黏著膠帶具有優異之防漏光機能與優異之耐久性。 產業上之可利用性
本發明之黏著膠帶適合作為液晶顯示裝置之防漏光用膠帶使用。使用有如此之黏著膠帶的液晶顯示裝置可用於個人數位助理(PDA)、行動電話、時鐘、數位相機、掌上型遊戲機等行動機器、電腦螢幕、筆記型電腦、影印機等OA機器、攝影機、液晶電視、微波爐等家庭用電子機器、背光源螢幕、車用導航系統用螢幕、汽車音響等車用機器、商店用資訊用螢幕等展示機器、監視用螢幕等防盜機器、照護用螢幕、醫療用螢幕等照護×醫療機器等各種用途。
10‧‧‧基材
20‧‧‧黏著劑層
31,32‧‧‧障壁層
100,101‧‧‧黏著膠帶
圖1係說明本發明之一實施形態之黏著膠帶的概略截面圖。 圖2係說明本發明之另一實施形態之黏著膠帶的概略截面圖。

Claims (8)

  1. 一種黏著膠帶，係具波長轉換機能之液晶顯示裝置之防漏光用黏著膠帶，具有基材與具波長轉換機能之黏著劑層；其吸收預定波長之光，並發射與該預定波長相異之波長之光；又，該基材之水蒸氣穿透率係1g/(m2．day)以下；並且，當預定波長之光入射於該黏著膠帶時所得的發光強度，係與該預定波長之光入射於該液晶顯示裝置時由該液晶顯示裝置之波長轉換機能所得的發光強度同等或在其以下。
  2. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中前述黏著劑層包含選自於苯乙烯系熱塑性彈性體、異丁烯系聚合物及其組合之橡膠系聚合物。
  3. 如請求項1之黏著膠帶，其中前述黏著劑層包含至少1種波長轉換材料，該種波長轉換材料於515nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長。
  4. 如請求項3之黏著膠帶，其中前述黏著劑層包含至少2種波長轉換材料，該2種波長轉換材料包含第1波長轉換材料及第2波長轉換材料；該第1波長轉換材料於515nm~550nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長，該第2波長轉換材料於605nm~650nm範圍之波長帶域具有發光中心波長。
  5. 如請求項1至4中任一項之黏著膠帶，其中前述黏著劑層包含經有機化處理之層狀矽酸鹽。
  6. 如請求項1至4中任一項之黏著膠帶，其中前述黏著劑層之厚度50μm換算的水蒸氣穿透率係100g/(m2．day)以下。
  7. 如請求項1至4中任一項之黏著膠帶，其中前述黏著劑層之厚度係20μm以上。
  8. 一種黏著膠帶，係具波長轉換機能之液晶顯示裝置之防漏光用黏著膠帶；當預定波長之光入射於該黏著膠帶時所得的發光強度，係與該預定波長之光入射於該液晶顯示裝置時由該液晶顯示裝置之波長轉換機能所得的發光強度同等或在其以下。
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