TWI627441B - Ocular optical system - Google Patents

Ocular optical system Download PDF

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TWI627441B
TWI627441B TW105141318A TW105141318A TWI627441B TW I627441 B TWI627441 B TW I627441B TW 105141318 A TW105141318 A TW 105141318A TW 105141318 A TW105141318 A TW 105141318A TW I627441 B TWI627441 B TW I627441B
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lens
optical system
eyepiece optical
optical axis
eyepiece
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TW105141318A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201723581A (en
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馬修 博恩
李光云
潘慧峰
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玉晶光電股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/12—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having three components only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/0035—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having three lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B25/00—Eyepieces; Magnifying glasses
    • G02B25/001—Eyepieces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/005—Diaphragms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/011—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

一種目鏡光學系統，從目側至顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡，且第一透鏡、第二透鏡及第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面。第一透鏡具有屈光率，第二透鏡的顯示側面具有一位於光軸附近區域的凸面部，且第三透鏡具有屈光率。目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為第三透鏡在光軸上的厚度，G23為第二透鏡到第三透鏡在光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為第三透鏡到顯示畫面在光軸上的距離。An eyepiece optical system includes a first lens, a second lens and a third lens sequentially along an optical axis from the eye side to the display side, and each of the first lens, the second lens and the third lens comprises a mesh side and One shows the side. The first lens has a refractive power, the display side of the second lens has a convex portion located in the vicinity of the optical axis, and the third lens has a refractive power. The eyepiece optical system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3 and G3D/T3≦3.51, where T3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, G23 is the air gap of the second lens to the third lens on the optical axis, and G3D is The distance from the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis.

Description

目鏡光學系統Eyepiece optical system

本發明是有關於一種光學系統，且特別是有關於一種目鏡光學系統。This invention relates to an optical system and, more particularly, to an eyepiece optical system.

虛擬實境（Virtual Reality, VR）是利用電腦技術模擬產生一個三維空間的虛擬世界，提供使用者關於視覺、聽覺等感官模擬，讓使用者感覺身歷其境。目前現有的VR裝置都是以視覺體驗為主。藉由對應左右眼的兩個視角略有差異的分割畫面來模擬人眼的視差，以達到立體視覺。為了縮小虛擬實境裝置的體積，讓使用者藉由較小的顯示畫面得到放大的視覺感受，具有放大功能的目鏡光學系統成了VR研究發展的其中一個主題。Virtual Reality (VR) is a virtual world that uses computer technology to simulate a three-dimensional space, providing users with sensory simulations such as vision and hearing, so that users can feel the immersion. Currently, existing VR devices are mainly based on visual experience. The stereoscopic vision is achieved by simulating the parallax of the human eye by dividing the picture with slightly different views of the left and right eyes. In order to reduce the size of the virtual reality device and allow the user to obtain a magnified visual experience through a small display screen, the eyepiece optical system with magnification function has become one of the themes of the development of VR research.

現有的目鏡光學系統之半眼視視角較小，讓觀察者感到視覺狹窄、解析度低且像差嚴重到顯示畫面要先進行像差補償，因此如何增加半眼視視角並加強成像品質是目鏡光學系統是一個需要改善的問題。The eyeglass optical system of the prior art has a small half-eye angle of view, which makes the observer feel narrow in vision, low in resolution, and serious in aberrations until the display screen is first subjected to aberration compensation. Therefore, how to increase the half-eye angle of view and enhance the image quality is the eyepiece optical system. It is a problem that needs improvement.

本發明提供一種目鏡光學系統，其在縮短系統長度的條件下，仍能保有良好的光學成像品質與大的半眼視視角。The present invention provides an eyepiece optical system that maintains good optical imaging quality and a large half-eye viewing angle while shortening the length of the system.

本發明的一實施例提出一種目鏡光學系統，用於成像光線從顯示畫面經目鏡光學系統進入觀察者的眼睛成像。朝向眼睛的方向為目側，朝向顯示畫面的方向為顯示側。目鏡光學系統從目側至顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡，且第一透鏡、第二透鏡及第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面。第一透鏡具有屈光率，第二透鏡的顯示側面具有一位於光軸附近區域的凸面部，且第三透鏡具有屈光率。目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為第三透鏡在光軸上的厚度，G23為第二透鏡到第三透鏡在光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為第三透鏡到顯示畫面在光軸上的距離。An embodiment of the present invention provides an eyepiece optical system for imaging light from a display image through an eyepiece optical system into an observer's eye. The direction toward the eye is the side of the eye, and the direction toward the display screen is the display side. The eyepiece optical system sequentially includes a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along an optical axis from the eye side to the display side, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens respectively comprise a mesh side and a display side. The first lens has a refractive power, the display side of the second lens has a convex portion located in the vicinity of the optical axis, and the third lens has a refractive power. The eyepiece optical system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3 and G3D/T3≦3.51, where T3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, G23 is the air gap of the second lens to the third lens on the optical axis, and G3D is The distance from the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis.

本發明的一實施例提出一種目鏡光學系統，用於成像光線從顯示畫面經目鏡光學系統進入觀察者的眼睛成像。朝向眼睛的方向為目側，朝向顯示畫面的方向為顯示側。目鏡光學系統從目側至顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡，第一透鏡、第二透鏡及第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面。第一透鏡具有屈光率，第二透鏡的顯示側面具有一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部，且第三透鏡具有屈光率。目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為第三透鏡在光軸上的厚度，G23為第二透鏡到第三透鏡在光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為第三透鏡到顯示畫面在光軸上的距離。An embodiment of the present invention provides an eyepiece optical system for imaging light from a display image through an eyepiece optical system into an observer's eye. The direction toward the eye is the side of the eye, and the direction toward the display screen is the display side. The eyepiece optical system sequentially includes a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along an optical axis from the eye side to the display side. The first lens, the second lens and the third lens respectively comprise a mesh side and a display side. . The first lens has a refractive power, the display side of the second lens has a convex portion located in the vicinity of the circumference, and the third lens has a refractive power. The eyepiece optical system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3 and G3D/T3≦3.51, where T3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, G23 is the air gap of the second lens to the third lens on the optical axis, and G3D is The distance from the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis.

本發明的一實施例提出一種目鏡光學系統，用於成像光線從顯示畫面經目鏡光學系統進入觀察者的眼睛成像。朝向眼睛的方向為目側，朝向顯示畫面的方向為顯示側。目鏡光學系統從目側至顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡，且第一透鏡、第二透鏡及第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面。第一透鏡具有屈光率，第二透鏡的目側面具有一位於光軸附近區域的凸面部，且第三透鏡的目側面具有一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部。目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為第三透鏡在光軸上的厚度，G23為第二透鏡到第三透鏡在光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為第三透鏡到顯示畫面在光軸上的距離。An embodiment of the present invention provides an eyepiece optical system for imaging light from a display image through an eyepiece optical system into an observer's eye. The direction toward the eye is the side of the eye, and the direction toward the display screen is the display side. The eyepiece optical system sequentially includes a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along an optical axis from the eye side to the display side, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens respectively comprise a mesh side and a display side. The first lens has a refractive power, the mesh side of the second lens has a convex portion located in the vicinity of the optical axis, and the mesh side of the third lens has a concave portion located in the vicinity of the circumference. The eyepiece optical system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3 and G3D/T3≦3.51, where T3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, G23 is the air gap of the second lens to the third lens on the optical axis, and G3D is The distance from the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis.

基於上述，本發明的實施例的目鏡光學系統的有益效果在於：藉由上述透鏡的表面形狀與屈光率設計與排列，以及光學參數的設計，使目鏡光學系統在縮短系統長度的條件下，仍具備能夠有效克服像差的光學性能，提供良好的成像品質，且具有大的眼視視角（apparent field of view）。Based on the above, the eyepiece optical system of the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effects of: by the surface shape and refractive power design and arrangement of the lens, and the design of optical parameters, the eyepiece optical system is shortened by the length of the system. It still has optical properties that can effectively overcome aberrations, provides good image quality, and has a large apparent field of view.

為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

一般而言，目鏡光學系統V100的光線方向為一成像光線VI由顯示畫面V50射出，經由目鏡光學系統V100進入眼睛V60，於眼睛V60的視網膜聚焦成像並且於明視距離VD產生一放大虛像VV，如圖1所示。在以下說明本案之光學規格的判斷準則是假設光線方向逆追跡（reversely tracking）為一平行成像光線由目側經過目鏡光學系統到顯示畫面聚焦成像。In general, the direction of the light of the eyepiece optical system V100 is that an imaging ray VI is emitted from the display image V50, enters the eye V60 via the eyepiece optical system V100, focuses on the retina of the eye V60, and produces an enlarged virtual image VV at the apparent distance VD. As shown in Figure 1. The criterion for judging the optical specifications of the present invention is to assume that the ray direction is reversely tracked as a parallel imaging ray from the eye side through the eyepiece optical system to the display image.

本篇說明書所言之「一透鏡具有正屈光率（或負屈光率）」，是指所述透鏡以高斯光學理論計算出來之光軸上的屈光率為正（或為負）。該顯示側面、目側面定義為成像光線通過的範圍，其中成像光線包括了主光線（chief ray）Lc及邊緣光線（marginal ray）Lm，如圖2所示，I為光軸且此一透鏡是以該光軸I為對稱軸徑向地相互對稱，光線通過光軸上的區域為光軸附近區域A，邊緣光線通過的區域為圓周附近區域C，此外，該透鏡還包含一延伸部E(即圓周附近區域C徑向上向外的區域)，用以供該透鏡組裝於一光學成像鏡頭內，理想的成像光線並不會通過該延伸部E，但該延伸部E之結構與形狀並不限於此，以下之實施例為求圖式簡潔均省略了部分的延伸部。更詳細的說，判定面形或光軸附近區域、圓周附近區域、或多個區域的範圍的方法如下：As used in this specification, "a lens having a positive refractive power (or a negative refractive power)" means that the refractive index of the lens on the optical axis calculated by Gaussian optical theory is positive (or negative). The display side and the side of the display are defined as a range through which the imaging light passes, wherein the imaging light includes a chief ray Lc and a marginal ray Lm, as shown in FIG. 2, I is an optical axis and the lens is The optical axis I is symmetric with respect to each other in a radial direction. The region of the light passing through the optical axis is the region A near the optical axis, the region through which the edge light passes is the region C near the circumference, and the lens further includes an extension E ( That is, the radially outward region of the region C near the circumference, for the lens to be assembled in an optical imaging lens, the ideal imaging light does not pass through the extension portion E, but the structure and shape of the extension portion E are not In this regard, the following embodiments omits portions of the extensions for simplicity of the drawing. In more detail, the method of determining the area near the surface or the optical axis, the area near the circumference, or the range of the plurality of areas is as follows:

1. 請參照圖2，其係一透鏡徑向上的剖視圖。以該剖視圖觀之，在判斷前述區域的範圍時，定義一中心點為該透鏡表面上與光軸的一交點，而一轉換點是位於該透鏡表面上的一點，且通過該點的一切線與光軸垂直。如果徑向上向外有複數個轉換點，則依序為第一轉換點，第二轉換點，而有效半效徑上距光軸徑向上最遠的轉換點為第N轉換點。中心點和第一轉換點之間的範圍為光軸附近區域，第N轉換點徑向上向外的區域為圓周附近區域，中間可依各轉換點區分不同的區域。此外，有效半徑為邊緣光線Lm與透鏡表面交點到光軸I上的垂直距離。1. Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a cross-sectional view of a lens in the radial direction. In the cross-sectional view, when determining the range of the region, a center point is defined as an intersection with the optical axis on the surface of the lens, and a transition point is a point on the surface of the lens, and the line passing through the point It is perpendicular to the optical axis. If there are a plurality of transition points outward in the radial direction, the first transition point and the second transition point are sequentially, and the transition point farthest from the optical axis in the effective half-effect path is the Nth transition point. The range between the center point and the first transition point is a region near the optical axis, and the radially outward region of the Nth transition point is a region near the circumference, and different regions can be distinguished according to the respective transition points. Further, the effective radius is the vertical distance at which the edge ray Lm intersects the lens surface to the optical axis I.

2. 如圖3所示，該區域的形狀凹凸係以平行通過該區域的光線（或光線延伸線）與光軸的交點在顯示側或目側來決定（光線焦點判定方式）。舉例言之，當光線通過該區域後，光線會朝顯示側聚焦，與光軸的焦點會位在顯示側，例如圖3中R點，則該區域為凸面部。反之，若光線通過該某區域後，光線會發散，其延伸線與光軸的焦點在目側，例如圖3中M點，則該區域為凹面部，所以中心點到第一轉換點間為凸面部，第一轉換點徑向上向外的區域為凹面部；由圖3可知，該轉換點即是凸面部轉凹面部的分界點，因此可定義該區域與徑向上相鄰該區域的內側的區域，係以該轉換點為分界具有不同的面形。另外，若是光軸附近區域的面形判斷可依該領域中通常知識者的判斷方式，以R值（指近軸的曲率半徑，通常指光學軟體中的透鏡資料庫（lens data）上的R值）正負判斷凹凸。以目側面來說，當R值為正時，判定為凸面部，當R值為負時，判定為凹面部；以顯示側面來說，當R值為正時，判定為凹面部，當R值為負時，判定為凸面部，此方法判定出的凹凸和光線焦點判定方式相同。2. As shown in Fig. 3, the shape of the region is determined by the intersection of the light (or the ray extending line) passing through the region and the optical axis on the display side or the eye side (the light focus determination mode). For example, when light passes through the area, the light will be focused toward the display side, and the focus of the optical axis will be on the display side, such as point R in Figure 3, where the area is a convex surface. Conversely, if the light passes through the certain area, the light will diverge, and the extension line and the focus of the optical axis are on the side of the eye. For example, at point M in Fig. 3, the area is a concave surface, so the center point is between the first transition point. The convex portion, the radially outward portion of the first switching point is a concave surface; as can be seen from FIG. 3, the switching point is a boundary point of the convex surface of the convex surface, so that the inner side of the region adjacent to the radial direction can be defined. The area has a different face shape with the transition point as a boundary. In addition, if the shape of the region near the optical axis is judged according to the judgment of the person in the field, the R value (referring to the radius of curvature of the paraxial axis, generally refers to the R on the lens data in the optical software). Value) Positive and negative judgment bump. In terms of the side, when the R value is positive, it is determined as a convex surface, and when the R value is negative, it is determined as a concave surface; when the R side is positive, when the R value is positive, it is determined as a concave surface, when R is When the value is negative, it is determined as a convex surface, and the unevenness determined by this method is the same as the light focus determination method.

3. 若該透鏡表面上無轉換點，該光軸附近區域定義為有效半徑的0~50%，圓周附近區域定義為有效半徑的50~100%。3. If there is no transition point on the surface of the lens, the area near the optical axis is defined as 0~50% of the effective radius, and the area near the circumference is defined as 50~100% of the effective radius.

圖4範例一的透鏡顯示側表面在有效半徑上僅具有第一轉換點，則第一區為光軸附近區域，第二區為圓周附近區域。此透鏡顯示側面的R值為正，故判斷光軸附近區域具有一凹面部；圓周附近區域的面形和徑向上緊鄰該區域的內側區域不同。即，圓周附近區域和光軸附近區域的面形不同；該圓周附近區域係具有一凸面部。The lens display side surface of the first example of FIG. 4 has only the first transition point on the effective radius, and the first region is the vicinity of the optical axis, and the second region is the region near the circumference. This lens shows that the R value of the side is positive, so that the area near the optical axis has a concave surface; the surface shape of the area near the circumference is different from the inner area of the area immediately adjacent to the area. That is, the area near the circumference and the area near the optical axis are different; the area near the circumference has a convex surface.

圖5範例二的透鏡目側表面在有效半徑上具有第一及第二轉換點，則第一區為光軸附近區域，第三區為圓周附近區域。此透鏡目側面的R值為正，故判斷光軸附近區域為凸面部；第一轉換點與第二轉換點間的區域（第二區）具有一凹面部，圓周附近區域（第三區）具有一凸面部。The lens side surface of the second example of Fig. 5 has first and second transition points on the effective radius, the first region is the vicinity of the optical axis, and the third region is the region near the circumference. The R value of the side of the lens is positive, so that the area near the optical axis is determined to be a convex surface; the area between the first switching point and the second switching point (second area) has a concave surface, and the area near the circumference (third area) Has a convex face.

圖6範例三的透鏡目側表面在有效半徑上無轉換點，此時以有效半徑0%~50%為光軸附近區域，50%~100%為圓周附近區域。由於光軸附近區域的R值為正，故此目側面在光軸附近區域具有一凸面部；而圓周附近區域與光軸附近區域間無轉換點，故圓周附近區域具有一凸面部。In the example 3 of the lens, the surface of the lens has no transition point on the effective radius. At this time, the effective radius is 0%~50%, and the area near the optical axis is 50%~100%. Since the R value in the vicinity of the optical axis is positive, the side of the eye has a convex portion in the vicinity of the optical axis; and there is no transition point between the region near the circumference and the region near the optical axis, so that the region near the circumference has a convex portion.

圖7為本發明之第一實施例之目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖8A至圖8D為第一實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖7，本發明的第一實施例之目鏡光學系統10用於成像光線從顯示畫面100經目鏡光學系統10及觀察者的眼睛的瞳孔2進入觀察者的眼睛成像，朝向眼睛的方向為目側，朝向顯示畫面100的方向為顯示側。目鏡光學系統10從目側至顯示側沿目鏡光學系統10的一光軸I依序包括一第一透鏡3、一第二透鏡4及一第三透鏡5。當顯示畫面100所發出的光線進入目鏡光學系統10，並依序經由第三透鏡5、第二透鏡4及第一透鏡3後，會經由瞳孔2進入觀察者的眼睛，而在眼睛的視網膜上形成一影像。Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and Figs. 8A to 8D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the first embodiment. Referring first to Figure 7, the eyepiece optical system 10 of the first embodiment of the present invention is used to image light from the display screen 100 through the eyepiece optical system 10 and the pupil 2 of the observer's eye into the observer's eye for imaging toward the eye. On the head side, the direction toward the display screen 100 is the display side. The eyepiece optical system 10 sequentially includes a first lens 3, a second lens 4 and a third lens 5 along an optical axis I of the eyepiece optical system 10 from the eye side to the display side. When the light emitted by the display screen 100 enters the eyepiece optical system 10 and sequentially passes through the third lens 5, the second lens 4, and the first lens 3, it enters the observer's eye through the pupil 2, and on the retina of the eye. Form an image.

第一透鏡3、第二透鏡4及第三透鏡5都各自具有一朝向目側且使成像光線通過之目側面31、41、51及一朝向顯示側且使成像光線通過之顯示側面32、42、52。為了滿足產品輕量化的需求，第一透鏡3、第二透鏡4及第三透鏡5皆為具備屈光率，且第一透鏡3、第二透鏡4及第三透鏡5都是塑膠材質所製成，但第一透鏡3、第二透鏡4及第三透鏡5的材質仍不以此為限制。Each of the first lens 3, the second lens 4, and the third lens 5 has a side surface 31, 41, 51 that faces the target side and passes the imaging light, and a display side 32, 42 that faces the display side and allows imaging light to pass therethrough. 52. In order to meet the demand for light weight of the product, the first lens 3, the second lens 4, and the third lens 5 are all provided with a refractive power, and the first lens 3, the second lens 4, and the third lens 5 are made of a plastic material. However, the materials of the first lens 3, the second lens 4, and the third lens 5 are not limited thereto.

第一透鏡3具有正屈光率。第一透鏡3的目側面31為一凸面，且具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部311及一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部313。第一透鏡3的顯示側面32為一凸面，且具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部321及一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部323。The first lens 3 has a positive refractive power. The eye side 31 of the first lens 3 is a convex surface, and has a convex portion 311 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a convex portion 313 located in the vicinity of the circumference. The display side surface 32 of the first lens 3 is a convex surface, and has a convex surface portion 321 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a convex surface portion 323 located in the vicinity of the circumference.

第二透鏡4具有正屈光率。第二透鏡4的目側面41為一凸面，且具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411及一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部413。第二透鏡4的顯示側面42為一凸面，且具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部421及一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部423。The second lens 4 has a positive refractive power. The eye side surface 41 of the second lens 4 is a convex surface, and has a convex portion 411 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a convex portion 413 located in the vicinity of the circumference. The display side surface 42 of the second lens 4 is a convex surface, and has a convex portion 421 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a convex portion 423 located in the vicinity of the circumference.

第三透鏡5具有負屈光率。第三透鏡5的目側面51為一凹面，且具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凹面部512及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部514。第三透鏡5的顯示側面52具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凹面部522及一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部523。The third lens 5 has a negative refractive power. The eye side surface 51 of the third lens 5 is a concave surface, and has a concave surface portion 512 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave surface portion 514 located in the vicinity of the circumference. The display side surface 52 of the third lens 5 has a concave surface portion 522 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a convex surface portion 523 located in the vicinity of the circumference.

此外，在本實施例中，只有上述透鏡具有屈光率，且目鏡光學系統10具有屈光率的透鏡只有三片。Further, in the present embodiment, only the above lens has a refractive power, and the lens optical system 10 has only three lenses having a refractive power.

另外，第一實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖1與圖51所示。 其中， EPD為目鏡光學系統10之出瞳直徑（exit pupil diameter），對應於觀察者的瞳孔2的直徑，白天約為3 mm，晚上可到約7 mm，如圖1所繪示； ER（eye relief）為出瞳距離，即觀察者瞳孔2到第一透鏡3在光軸I上的距離； ω為半眼視視角（half apparent field of view），即觀察者的一半視野角度，如圖1所繪示； T1為第一透鏡3在光軸I上的厚度； T2為第二透鏡4在光軸I上的厚度； T3為第三透鏡5在光軸I上的厚度； G12為第一透鏡3的顯示側面32至第二透鏡4的目側面41在光軸I上的距離，即第一透鏡3到第二透鏡4在光軸I上的空氣間隙； G23為第二透鏡4的顯示側面42至第三透鏡5的目側面51在光軸I上的距離，即第二透鏡4到第三透鏡5在光軸I上的空氣間隙； G3D為第三透鏡5的顯示側面52至顯示畫面100在光軸I上的距離，即第三透鏡5到顯示畫面100在光軸I上的空氣間隙； DLD為觀察者單一瞳孔2對應之顯示畫面100之對角線長，如圖1所繪示； 明視距離（Least distance of distinct vision）為眼睛可以清楚聚焦的最近之距離，青年人通常為250毫米（millimeter, mm），如圖1所繪示之明視距離VD； ALT為第一透鏡3、第二透鏡4及第三透鏡5在光軸I上的厚度的總和，即T1與T2之和； AAG為第一透鏡3至第三透鏡5在光軸I上的兩個空氣間隙的總和，即G12與G23之和； TTL為第一透鏡3的目側面31到顯示畫面100在光軸I上的距離； TL為第一透鏡3的目側面31至第三透鏡5的顯示側面52在光軸I上的距離； SL為系統長度，即觀察者的瞳孔2到顯示畫面100在光軸I上的距離；以及 EFL為目鏡光學系統10的系統焦距。 另外，再定義： f1為第一透鏡3的焦距； f2為第二透鏡4的焦距； f3為第三透鏡5的焦距； n1為第一透鏡3的折射率； n2為第二透鏡4的折射率； n3為第三透鏡5的折射率； ν1為第一透鏡3的阿貝數（Abbe number），阿貝數也可稱為色散係數； ν2為第二透鏡4的阿貝數； ν3為第三透鏡5的阿貝數； D1為第一透鏡3的目側面31的光學有效徑（a diameter of a clear aperture）； D2為第二透鏡4的目側面41的光學有效徑；以及 D3為第三透鏡5的目側面51的光學有效徑。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the first embodiment is as shown in Figs. 1 and 51. Wherein, EPD is the exit pupil diameter of the eyepiece optical system 10, corresponding to the diameter of the pupil 2 of the observer, about 3 mm during the day and about 7 mm at night, as shown in Fig. 1; ER ( The eye relief is the distance of the exit pupil, that is, the distance of the observer pupil 2 to the first lens 3 on the optical axis I; ω is the half apparent field of view, that is, the observer's half field of view angle, as shown in FIG. T1 is the thickness of the first lens 3 on the optical axis I; T2 is the thickness of the second lens 4 on the optical axis I; T3 is the thickness of the third lens 5 on the optical axis I; G12 is the first The distance from the display side 32 of the lens 3 to the eye side 41 of the second lens 4 on the optical axis I, that is, the air gap of the first lens 3 to the second lens 4 on the optical axis I; G23 is the display of the second lens 4. The distance from the side surface 42 to the eye side 51 of the third lens 5 on the optical axis I, that is, the air gap of the second lens 4 to the third lens 5 on the optical axis I; G3D is the display side 52 of the third lens 5 to the display The distance of the picture 100 on the optical axis I, that is, the air gap of the third lens 5 to the display picture 100 on the optical axis I; the DLD is a single observer The diagonal line 2 corresponds to the diagonal length of the display screen 100, as shown in FIG. 1; the Least distance of distinct vision is the closest distance that the eye can clearly focus on, and the young person is usually 250 mm (millimeter, mm). ), as shown in FIG. 1 , the apparent distance VD; ALT is the sum of the thicknesses of the first lens 3 , the second lens 4 , and the third lens 5 on the optical axis I, that is, the sum of T1 and T2; AAG is the first The sum of the two air gaps of the lens 3 to the third lens 5 on the optical axis I, that is, the sum of G12 and G23; TTL is the distance from the eye side 31 of the first lens 3 to the display screen 100 on the optical axis I; TL is the distance from the eye side 31 of the first lens 3 to the display side 52 of the third lens 5 on the optical axis I; SL is the system length, that is, the distance from the pupil 2 of the observer to the display screen 100 on the optical axis I; And EFL is the system focal length of the eyepiece optical system 10. In addition, it is further defined that f1 is the focal length of the first lens 3; f2 is the focal length of the second lens 4; f3 is the focal length of the third lens 5; n1 is the refractive index of the first lens 3; n2 is the refractive index of the second lens 4. N3 is the refractive index of the third lens 5; ν1 is the Abbe number of the first lens 3, and the Abbe number may also be referred to as the dispersion coefficient; ν2 is the Abbe number of the second lens 4; ν3 is Abbe number of the third lens 5; D1 is the a diameter of a clear aperture of the eye side 31 of the first lens 3; D2 is the optical effective diameter of the eye side 41 of the second lens 4; and D3 is The optical effective diameter of the eye side 51 of the third lens 5.

第一實施例的其他詳細光學數據如圖9所示，且第一實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的系統焦距（effective focal length, EFL)為47.427 mm，半眼視視角（half apparent field of view, ω）為42.775∘，TTL為66.543 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.000 mm，且SL為77.236 mm。其中，圖9中的有效半徑是指光學有效徑的一半。The other detailed optical data of the first embodiment is as shown in FIG. 9, and the overall focal length (EFL) of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the first embodiment is 47.427 mm, and the half apparent field of view (half apparent field of view, ω) is 42.775 ∘, TTL is 66.543 mm, EPD is 2.000 mm, 0.5 times DLD is 35.000 mm, and SL is 77.236 mm. Here, the effective radius in Fig. 9 means half of the optical effective diameter.

此外，在本實施例中，第一透鏡3的目側面31與顯示側面32、第二透鏡4的目側面41與顯示側面42及第三透鏡5的目側面51與顯示側面52共計六個面均是非球面。這些非球面是依下列公式定義： -----------(1) 其中： Y：非球面曲線上的點與光軸I的距離； Z：非球面之深度(非球面上距離光軸I為Y的點，與相切於非球面光軸I上頂點之切面，兩者間的垂直距離)； Ｒ:透鏡表面近光軸I處的曲率半徑； K：錐面係數(conic constant)；：第i階非球面係數。Further, in the present embodiment, the mesh side surface 31 and the display side surface 32 of the first lens 3, the mesh side surface 41 and the display side surface 42 of the second lens 4, and the mesh side surface 51 and the display side surface 52 of the third lens 5 have a total of six faces. Both are aspherical. These aspheric surfaces are defined by the following formula: -----------(1) where: Y: the distance between the point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis I; Z: the depth of the aspheric surface (the point on the aspheric surface from which the optical axis I is Y, And the tangent plane tangent to the vertex on the aspherical optical axis I, the vertical distance between them); R: the radius of curvature at the near-optical axis I of the lens surface; K: the conic constant; : The i-th order aspheric coefficient.

目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數如圖10所示。其中，圖10中欄位編號31表示其為第一透鏡3的目側面31的非球面係數，其它欄位依此類推。The aspherical coefficients of the eye faces 31, 41 and 51 and the display sides 32, 42 and 52 in the formula (1) are as shown in FIG. Here, the column number 31 in FIG. 10 indicates that it is the aspherical coefficient of the eye side 31 of the first lens 3, and the other fields are similar.

再配合參閱圖8A至圖8D，圖8A至圖8D為第一實施例之目鏡光學系統10的各項像差圖，且為假設光線方向逆追跡為一平行成像光線由目側依序經過瞳孔2及目鏡光學系統10到顯示畫面100聚焦成像所得的各項像差圖。在本實施例中，上述各項像差圖中呈現的各項像差表現會決定來自顯示畫面100的成像光線於觀察者的眼睛的視網膜成像的各項像差表現。也就是說，當上述各項像差圖中呈現的各項像差較小時，觀察者的眼睛的視網膜的成像的各項像差表現也會較小，使得觀察者可以觀看到成像品質較佳的影像。圖8A的圖式說明第一實施例當其光瞳半徑（pupil radius）為2 mm時的縱向球差(longitudinal spherical aberration)，圖8B與圖8C的圖式則分別說明第一實施例當其波長為486 nm、587 nm及656 nm時在顯示畫面100上有關弧矢(sagittal)方向的場曲（field curvature）像差及子午(tangential)方向的場曲像差，圖8D的圖式則說明第一實施例當其波長為486 nm、587 nm及656 nm時在顯示畫面100上的畸變像差(distortion aberration)。本第一實施例的縱向球差圖示圖8A中，每一種波長所成的曲線皆很靠近並向中間靠近，說明每一種波長不同高度的離軸光線皆集中在成像點附近，由每一波長的曲線的偏斜幅度可看出，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.48毫米的範圍內，故本實施例確實明顯改善相同波長的球差，此外，三種代表波長彼此間的距離也相當接近，代表不同波長光線的成像位置已相當集中，因而使色像差也獲得明顯改善。8A to 8D, FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D are diagrams showing aberrations of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the first embodiment, and the reverse tracking of the light direction is a parallel imaging light passing through the pupil from the mesh side. 2 and various aberration diagrams obtained by focusing the eyepiece optical system 10 to the display screen 100. In the present embodiment, the aberration performances presented in the various aberration diagrams described above determine the aberration performance of the imaging light from the display screen 100 in the retinal imaging of the observer's eyes. That is to say, when the aberrations presented in the above aberration diagrams are small, the aberrations of the imaging of the retina of the observer's eyes are also small, so that the observer can see the image quality. Good image. The diagram of Fig. 8A illustrates the longitudinal spherical aberration of the first embodiment when the pupil radius is 2 mm, and the patterns of Figs. 8B and 8C respectively illustrate the first embodiment. The field curvature aberration in the sagittal direction and the field curvature aberration in the tangential direction on the display screen 100 at wavelengths of 486 nm, 587 nm, and 656 nm, and the pattern of FIG. 8D is The distortion aberration on the display screen 100 when the wavelengths are 486 nm, 587 nm, and 656 nm is illustrated in the first embodiment. In the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the first embodiment, in Fig. 8A, the curves formed by each of the wavelengths are very close to each other and are close to the middle, indicating that the off-axis rays of different heights of each wavelength are concentrated near the imaging point, by each The deflection amplitude of the curve of the wavelength can be seen that the deviation of the imaging points of the off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within the range of ±0.48 mm, so this embodiment does significantly improve the spherical aberration of the same wavelength, and in addition, the three representative wavelengths are mutually The distances are also quite close, and the imaging positions representing the different wavelengths of light are quite concentrated, so that the chromatic aberration is also significantly improved.

在圖8B與圖8C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±0.8毫米內，說明本第一實施例的光學系統能有效消除像差。而圖8D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第一實施例的畸變像差維持在±21%的範圍內，說明本第一實施例的畸變像差已符合光學系統的成像品質要求，據此說明本第一實施例相較於現有目鏡光學系統，在SL已縮短至77.236 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質，故本第一實施例能在維持良好光學性能之條件下，縮短光學系統長度以及擴大眼視視角，以實現小型化、低像差且大眼視視角的產品設計。In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C, the focal length variation of the three representative wavelengths in the entire field of view falls within ±0.8 mm, indicating that the optical system of the first embodiment can effectively eliminate the image. difference. The distortion aberration diagram of FIG. 8D shows that the distortion aberration of the first embodiment is maintained within a range of ±21%, indicating that the distortion aberration of the first embodiment has met the imaging quality requirements of the optical system. It is to be noted that the first embodiment can provide good image quality under the condition that the SL has been shortened to about 77.236 mm compared with the existing eyepiece optical system, so that the first embodiment can maintain good optical performance. Shorten the length of the optical system and expand the viewing angle to achieve product design with miniaturization, low aberration and large viewing angle.

圖11為本發明的第二實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖12A至圖12D為第二實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖11，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第二實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。此外，在本實施例中，第二透鏡4的目側面41具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部414。另外，在本實施例中，第三透鏡5的目側面51具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部511及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部514。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖11中省略部分與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 11 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 12A to 12D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the second embodiment. Referring first to Figure 11, a second embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side surface 41 of the second lens 4 has a convex portion 411 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave surface portion 414 located in the vicinity of the circumference. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side 51 of the third lens 5 has a convex portion 511 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave portion 514 located in the vicinity of the circumference. It is to be noted here that in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖13所示，且第二實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為48.928 mm，ω為41.000∘，TTL為61.725 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.000 mm，且SL為79.881 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 13, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the second embodiment has an EFL of 48.928 mm, an ω of 41.000 ∘, a TTL of 61.725 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 35.000 mm and the SL is 79.881 mm.

如圖14所示，則為第二實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 14, the aspherical coefficients of the equations (1) are the head sides 31, 41, and 51 of the second embodiment and the display sides 32, 42 and 52.

另外，第二實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖51所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the second embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第二實施例在其光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖12A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±1.1毫米的範圍內。在圖12B與圖12C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±1.8毫米內。而圖12D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第二實施例的畸變像差維持在±20%的範圍內。據此說明本第二實施例相較於現有的目鏡光學系統，在SL已縮短至79.881 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The second embodiment shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram with a pupil radius of 2.000 mm. In Fig. 12A, the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ±1.1 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 12B and 12C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±1.8 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 12D shows that the distortion aberration of the second embodiment is maintained within the range of ±20%. Accordingly, the second embodiment can provide good image quality even when the SL has been shortened to about 79.881 mm as compared with the existing eyepiece optical system.

經由上述說明可得知，第二實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第二實施例的畸變小於第一實施例的畸變，且第二實施例的透鏡的光軸與圓周附近區域的厚薄差異比第一實施例小，因此第二實施例比第一實施例易於製造，所以良率較高。As can be seen from the above description, the second embodiment has an advantage over the first embodiment in that the distortion of the second embodiment is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and the optical axis of the lens of the second embodiment is adjacent to the circumference of the circumference. The thickness difference is smaller than that of the first embodiment, so the second embodiment is easier to manufacture than the first embodiment, so the yield is high.

圖15為本發明的第三實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖16A至圖16D為第三實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖15，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第三實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同，此外，在本實施例中，第一透鏡3的目側面31具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部311及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部314。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖15中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 15 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 16A to 16D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the third embodiment. Referring first to Figure 15, a third embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 The parameters of the 5 and 5 are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side 31 of the first lens 3 has a convex portion 311 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave portion 314 located in the vicinity of the circumference. . It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave surface and the convex portion as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖17所示，且第三實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為33.624 mm，ω為56.157∘，TTL為50.411 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.000 mm，且SL為58.411 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 17, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the third embodiment has an EFL of 33.624 mm, an ω of 56.157 Å, a TTL of 50.411 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 35.000 mm and the SL is 58.411 mm.

如圖18所示，則為第三實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 18, the aspherical coefficients of the eyepieces 31, 41, and 51 of the third embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42, and 52 in the formula (1) are shown.

另外，第三實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖51所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the third embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第三實施例在其光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖16A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.52毫米的範圍內。在圖16B與圖16C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±3.6毫米內。而圖16D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第三實施例的畸變像差維持在±30%的範圍內。據此說明本第三實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至58.411 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The third embodiment shows a longitudinal spherical aberration diagram with a pupil radius of 2.000 mm. In Fig. 16A, the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ±0.52 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 16B and 16C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ± 3.6 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 16D shows that the distortion aberration of the third embodiment is maintained within the range of ±30%. Accordingly, the third embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 58.411 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第三實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第三實施例的目鏡光學系統10的系統長度SL小於第一實施例的系統長度SL，且第三實施例的半眼視視角ω大於第一實施例的半眼視視角ω。As can be seen from the above description, the third embodiment has an advantage over the first embodiment in that the system length SL of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the third embodiment is smaller than the system length SL of the first embodiment, and the third embodiment The half-eye viewing angle ω is larger than the half-eye viewing angle ω of the first embodiment.

圖19為本發明的第四實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖20A至圖20D為第四實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖19，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第四實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。此外，在本實施例中，第二透鏡4的目側面41具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部414。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖19中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 19 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 20A to 20D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the fourth embodiment. Referring first to Figure 19, a fourth embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side surface 41 of the second lens 4 has a convex portion 411 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave surface portion 414 located in the vicinity of the circumference. It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

第四實施例的目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖21所示，且第四實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為61.299 mm，ω為40.975∘，TTL為86.102 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為39.459 mm，且SL為96.558 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the fourth embodiment is as shown in Fig. 21, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the fourth embodiment has an EFL of 61.299 mm, an ω of 40.975 Å, a TTL of 86.102 mm, and an EPD of 2.000 mm. The 0.5x DLD is 39.459 mm and the SL is 96.558 mm.

如圖22所示，則為第四實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 22, the aspherical coefficients of the eye faces 31, 41, and 51 of the fourth embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42, and 52 in the formula (1) are shown.

另外，第四實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖51所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the fourth embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第四實施例在光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖20A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.54毫米的範圍內。在圖20B與圖20C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±1.9毫米內。而圖20D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第四實施例的畸變像差維持在±28%的範圍內。據此說明本第四實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至96.558 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the fourth embodiment at a pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 20A, and the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ± 0.54 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 20B and 20C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±1.9 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 20D shows that the distortion aberration of the fourth embodiment is maintained within the range of ± 28%. Accordingly, the fourth embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 96.558 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第四實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第四實施例的透鏡的光軸與圓周附近區域的厚薄差異比第一實施例小，因此第四實施例比第一實施例易於製造，所以良率較高。As can be seen from the above description, the fourth embodiment is advantageous over the first embodiment in that the difference in thickness between the optical axis of the lens of the fourth embodiment and the vicinity of the circumference is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and thus the fourth embodiment It is easier to manufacture than the first embodiment, so the yield is high.

圖23為本發明的第五實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖24A至圖24D為第五實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖23，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第五實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同，此外，在本實施例中，第一透鏡3的目側面31具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部311及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部314。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖23中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 23 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 24A to 24D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the fifth embodiment. Referring first to Figure 23, a fifth embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 The parameters of the 5 and 5 are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side 31 of the first lens 3 has a convex portion 311 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave portion 314 located in the vicinity of the circumference. . It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖25所示，且第五實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為43.758 mm，ω為40.996∘，TTL為62.359 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為36.608 mm，且SL為71.570 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 25, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the fifth embodiment has an EFL of 43.758 mm, an ω of 40.996 ∘, a TTL of 62.359 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 36.608 mm and the SL is 71.570 mm.

如圖26所示，則為第五實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 26, the aspherical coefficients in the formula (1) are the eye faces 31, 41, and 51 of the fifth embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42, and 52.

另外，第五實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖51所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the fifth embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第五實施例在其光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖24A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.73毫米的範圍內。在圖24B與圖24C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±2.9毫米內。而圖24D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第五實施例的畸變像差維持在±6%的範圍內。據此說明本第五實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至71.570 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。In the fifth embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 24A, and the imaging point deviation of the off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ±0.73 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 24B and 24C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±2.9 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 24D shows that the distortion aberration of the fifth embodiment is maintained within the range of ± 6%. Accordingly, the fifth embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 71.570 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第五實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第五實施例的系統長度SL小於第一實施例的系統長度SL；第五實施例的畸變小於第一實施例的畸變。It can be seen from the above description that the advantage of the fifth embodiment over the first embodiment is that the system length SL of the fifth embodiment is smaller than the system length SL of the first embodiment; the distortion of the fifth embodiment is smaller than the first embodiment. The distortion of the example.

圖27為本發明的第六實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖28A至圖28D為第六實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖27，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第六實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖27中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 27 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 28A to 28D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the sixth embodiment. Referring first to Figure 27, a sixth embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖29所示，且第六實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為45.853 mm，ω為40.551∘，TTL為57.724 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為31.956 mm，且SL為79.996 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 29, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the sixth embodiment has an EFL of 45.853 mm, an ω of 40.551 ∘, a TTL of 57.724 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 31.956 mm and the SL is 79.996 mm.

如圖30所示，則為第六實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 30, the aspherical coefficients of the equations (1) of the eye faces 31, 41, and 51 of the sixth embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42 and 52 are shown.

另外，第六實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖52所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the sixth embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第六實施例在其光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖28A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.45毫米的範圍內。在圖28B與圖28C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±4毫米內。而圖28D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第六實施例的畸變像差維持在±19%的範圍內。據此說明本第六實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至79.996 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。In the sixth embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 28A, and the imaging point deviation of the off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within the range of ± 0.45 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 28B and 28C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±4 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 28D shows that the distortion aberration of the sixth embodiment is maintained within the range of ±19%. Accordingly, the sixth embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 79.996 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第六實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第六實施例的縱向球差小於第一實施例的縱向球差，且第六實施例的畸變小於第一實施例的畸變。It can be seen from the above description that the advantage of the sixth embodiment over the first embodiment is that the longitudinal spherical aberration of the sixth embodiment is smaller than the longitudinal spherical aberration of the first embodiment, and the distortion of the sixth embodiment is smaller than the first embodiment. Distortion of the embodiment.

圖31為本發明的第七實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖32A至圖32D為第七實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖31，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第七實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖31中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 31 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a seventh embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 32A to 32D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the seventh embodiment. Referring first to Figure 31, a seventh embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. It is to be noted that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖33所示，且第七實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為61.919 mm，ω為41.000∘，TTL為80.258 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為44.369 mm，且SL為92.925 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 33, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the seventh embodiment has an EFL of 61.919 mm, an ω of 41.000 ∘, a TTL of 80.258 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 44.369 mm and the SL is 92.925 mm.

如圖34所示，則為第七實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 34, the aspherical coefficients of the equations (1) of the eye faces 31, 41, and 51 of the seventh embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42 and 52 are shown.

另外，第七實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖52所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the seventh embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第七實施例在光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖32A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.9毫米的範圍內。在圖32B與圖32C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±1.9毫米內。而圖32D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第七實施例的畸變像差維持在±19%的範圍內。據此說明本第七實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至92.925 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the seventh embodiment at a pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 32A, and the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ±0.9 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 32B and 32C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±1.9 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 32D shows that the distortion aberration of the seventh embodiment is maintained within the range of ±19%. Accordingly, the seventh embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 92.925 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第七實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第七實施例的畸變像差小於第一實施例的畸變像差，且第七實施例的透鏡的光軸與圓周附近區域的厚薄差異比第一實施例小，因此第七實施例比第一實施例易於製造，所以良率較高。As can be seen from the above description, the advantage of the seventh embodiment over the first embodiment is that the distortion aberration of the seventh embodiment is smaller than the distortion aberration of the first embodiment, and the optical axis of the lens of the seventh embodiment The thickness difference from the area in the vicinity of the circumference is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and therefore the seventh embodiment is easier to manufacture than the first embodiment, so the yield is high.

圖35為本發明的第八實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖36A至圖36D為第八實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖35，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第八實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖35中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 35 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of an eighth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 36A to 36D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the eighth embodiment. Referring first to Figure 35, an eighth embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖37所示，且第八實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為45.381 mm，ω為40.977∘，TTL為75.038 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.240 mm，且SL為85.651 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 37, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the eighth embodiment has an EFL of 45.381 mm, an ω of 40.977 Å, a TTL of 75.038 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 35.240 mm and the SL is 85.651 mm.

如圖38所示，則為第八實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 38, the aspherical coefficients of the eyepieces 31, 41, and 51 of the eighth embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42, and 52 in the formula (1) are shown.

另外，第八實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖52所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the eighth embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第八實施例在光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖36A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±1.1毫米的範圍內。在圖36B與圖36C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±3.5毫米內。而圖36D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第八實施例的畸變像差維持在±13%的範圍內。據此說明本第八實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至85.651 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the eighth embodiment at a pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 36A, and the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ±1.1 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 36B and 36C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±3.5 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 36D shows that the distortion aberration of the eighth embodiment is maintained within the range of ±13%. Accordingly, the eighth embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 85.651 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第八實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第八實施例的畸變像差小於第一實施例的畸變像差，且第八實施例的透鏡的光軸與圓周附近區域的厚薄差異比第一實施例小，因此第八實施例比第一實施例易於製造，所以良率較高。As apparent from the above description, the eighth embodiment is advantageous in comparison with the first embodiment in that the distortion aberration of the eighth embodiment is smaller than the distortion aberration of the first embodiment, and the optical axis of the lens of the eighth embodiment The thickness difference from the area in the vicinity of the circumference is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and therefore the eighth embodiment is easier to manufacture than the first embodiment, so the yield is high.

圖39為本發明的第九實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖40A至圖40D為第九實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖39，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第九實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。此外，在本實施例中，第二透鏡4的目側面41具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部414。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖39中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。39 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 40A to 40D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the ninth embodiment. Referring first to Figure 39, a ninth embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side surface 41 of the second lens 4 has a convex portion 411 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave surface portion 414 located in the vicinity of the circumference. It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖41所示，且第九實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為50.614 mm，ω為41.000∘，TTL為67.726 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.000 mm，且SL為79.994 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 41, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the ninth embodiment has an EFL of 50.614 mm, an ω of 41.000 ∘, a TTL of 67.726 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 35.000 mm and the SL is 79.994 mm.

如圖42所示，則為第九實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 42, the aspherical coefficients of the imaginary side 31, 41, and 51 of the ninth embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42 and 52 in the formula (1) are shown.

另外，第九實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖52所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the ninth embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第九實施例在光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖40A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.4毫米的範圍內。在圖40B與圖40C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±1.5毫米內。而圖40D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第九實施例的畸變像差維持在±21%的範圍內。據此說明本第九實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至79.994 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the ninth embodiment at a pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 40A, and the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ± 0.4 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 40B and 40C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ± 1.5 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 40D shows that the distortion aberration of the ninth embodiment is maintained within the range of ± 21%. Accordingly, the ninth embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 79.994 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第九實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第九實施例的縱向球差小於第一實施例的縱向球差，且第九實施例的透鏡的光軸與圓周附近區域的厚薄差異比第一實施例小，因此第九實施例比第一實施例易於製造，所以良率較高。As apparent from the above description, the advantage of the ninth embodiment over the first embodiment is that the longitudinal spherical aberration of the ninth embodiment is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and the optical axis of the lens of the ninth embodiment The thickness difference from the area in the vicinity of the circumference is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and therefore the ninth embodiment is easier to manufacture than the first embodiment, so the yield is high.

圖43為本發明的第十實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖44A至圖44D為第十實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖43，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第十實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。此外，在本實施例中，第二透鏡4的目側面41具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部414。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖43中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 43 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 44A to 44D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the tenth embodiment. Referring first to Figure 43, a tenth embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, 4 And the parameters of the 5 rooms are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side surface 41 of the second lens 4 has a convex portion 411 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave surface portion 414 located in the vicinity of the circumference. It is to be noted here that in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖45所示，且第十實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為47.427 mm，ω為42.775∘，TTL為66.543 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.000 mm，且SL為77.236 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 45, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the tenth embodiment has an EFL of 47.427 mm, an ω of 42.775 ∘, a TTL of 66.543 mm, an EPD of 2.000 mm, and a 0.5-fold DLD. It is 35.000 mm and the SL is 77.236 mm.

如圖46所示，則為第十實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 46, the aspherical coefficients in the formula (1) are shown in the eye faces 31, 41, and 51 of the tenth embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42, and 52.

另外，第十實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖52所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the tenth embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第十實施例在光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖44A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.6毫米的範圍內。在圖44B與圖44C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±0.6毫米內。而圖44D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第十實施例的畸變像差維持在±16%的範圍內。據此說明本第十實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至77.236 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。The longitudinal spherical aberration diagram of the tenth embodiment at a pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 44A, and the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ± 0.6 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 44B and 44C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±0.6 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 44D shows that the distortion aberration of the tenth embodiment is maintained within the range of ±16%. Accordingly, the tenth embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 77.236 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第十實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第十實施例的場曲小於第一實施例的場曲，第十實施例的畸變小於第一實施例的畸變，且第十實施例的透鏡的光軸與圓周附近區域的厚薄差異比第一實施例小，因此第十實施例比第一實施例易於製造，所以良率較高。It can be seen from the above description that the tenth embodiment is superior to the first embodiment in that the field curvature of the tenth embodiment is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and the distortion of the tenth embodiment is smaller than that of the first embodiment. Distortion, and the thickness difference between the optical axis of the lens of the tenth embodiment and the vicinity of the circumference is smaller than that of the first embodiment, and therefore the tenth embodiment is easier to manufacture than the first embodiment, so the yield is high.

圖47為本發明的第十一實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖，而圖48A至圖48D為第十一實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。請先參照圖47，本發明目鏡光學系統10的一第十一實施例，其與第一實施例大致相似，而兩者的差異如下所述：各光學數據、非球面係數及這些透鏡3、4及5間的參數或多或少有些不同。此外，在本實施例中，第二透鏡4的目側面41具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411及一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部414。在此需注意的是，為了清楚地顯示圖面，圖47中省略與第一實施例相同的凹面部與凸面部的標號。Figure 47 is a schematic view showing an eyepiece optical system of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 48A to 48D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the eleventh embodiment. Referring first to FIG. 47, an eleventh embodiment of the eyepiece optical system 10 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first embodiment, and the differences between the two are as follows: optical data, aspherical coefficients, and the lenses 3, The parameters of 4 and 5 are more or less different. Further, in the present embodiment, the eye side surface 41 of the second lens 4 has a convex portion 411 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a concave surface portion 414 located in the vicinity of the circumference. It is to be noted here that, in order to clearly display the drawings, the same reference numerals of the concave and convex portions as those of the first embodiment are omitted in FIG.

目鏡光學系統10詳細的光學數據如圖49所示，且第十一實施例的目鏡光學系統10整體的EFL為49.186 mm，ω為41.000∘，TTL為61.444 mm，EPD為2.000 mm，0.5倍的DLD為35.000 mm，且SL為80.000 mm。The detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system 10 is as shown in Fig. 49, and the eyepiece optical system 10 of the eleventh embodiment has an EFL of 49.186 mm, an ω of 41.000 ∘, a TTL of 61.444 mm, and an EPD of 2.000 mm, 0.5 times. The DLD is 35.000 mm and the SL is 80.000 mm.

如圖50所示，則為第十一實施例的目側面31、41及51與顯示側面32、42及52在公式(1)中的各項非球面係數。As shown in Fig. 50, the aspherical coefficients in the formula (1) of the eye faces 31, 41 and 51 of the eleventh embodiment and the display side faces 32, 42 and 52 are shown.

另外，第十一實施例之目鏡光學系統10中各重要參數間的關係如圖52所示。Further, the relationship between the important parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the eleventh embodiment is as shown in FIG.

本第十一實施例在光瞳半徑為2.0000 mm時的縱向球差圖示圖48A中，不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差控制在±0.5毫米的範圍內。在圖48B與圖48C的二個場曲像差圖示中，三種代表波長在整個視場範圍內的焦距變化量落在±1.9毫米內。而圖48D的畸變像差圖式則顯示本第十一實施例的畸變像差維持在±18%的範圍內。據此說明本第十一實施例相較於現有光學鏡頭，在系統長度SL已縮短至80.000 mm左右的條件下，仍能提供良好的成像品質。In the eleventh embodiment, the longitudinal spherical aberration diagram at a pupil radius of 2.000 mm is shown in Fig. 48A, and the imaging point deviation of off-axis rays of different heights is controlled within a range of ±0.5 mm. In the two field curvature aberration diagrams of Figs. 48B and 48C, the amount of change in the focal length of the three representative wavelengths over the entire field of view falls within ±1.9 mm. On the other hand, the distortion aberration diagram of Fig. 48D shows that the distortion aberration of the eleventh embodiment is maintained within the range of ±18%. Accordingly, the eleventh embodiment can provide good image quality even when the system length SL has been shortened to about 80.000 mm as compared with the prior art optical lens.

經由上述說明可得知，第十一實施例相較於第一實施例的優點在於：第十一實施例的畸變小於第一實施例的畸變。As apparent from the above description, the eleventh embodiment is advantageous over the first embodiment in that the distortion of the eleventh embodiment is smaller than that of the first embodiment.

再配合參閱圖51與圖52，為上述十一個實施例的各項光學參數的表格圖，當本發明的實施例的目鏡光學系統10中的各項光學參數間的關係式符合下列條件式的至少其中之一時，可協助設計者設計出具備良好光學性能、整體長度有效縮短、且技術上可行之目鏡光學系統：Referring again to FIG. 51 and FIG. 52, which are table diagrams of the optical parameters of the eleventh embodiment, when the relationship between the optical parameters in the eyepiece optical system 10 of the embodiment of the present invention meets the following conditional expressions At least one of them can assist the designer in designing an eyepiece optical system that has good optical performance, is effectively shortened in overall length, and is technically feasible:

一、當系統滿足T3/G23≦4.3條件式，有利於修正第一透鏡3與第二透鏡4的像差。較佳為滿足0.1≦T3/G23≦4.3。當滿足G3D/T3≦3.51條件式，有助於微調第一透鏡3、第二透鏡4及第三透鏡5所產生的像差，較佳為滿足0.16≦G3D/T3≦3.51。1. When the system satisfies the conditional expression of T3/G23≦4.3, it is advantageous to correct the aberration of the first lens 3 and the second lens 4. Preferably, it satisfies 0.1 ≦ T3 / G23 ≦ 4.3. When the conditional expression of G3D/T3 ≦ 3.51 is satisfied, it is preferable to finely adjust the aberration generated by the first lens 3, the second lens 4, and the third lens 5, and it is preferable to satisfy 0.16 ≦ G3D/T3 ≦ 3.51.

二、250mm為青年人的明視距離，即青年人眼睛可以清楚聚焦的最近之距離，則系統之放大率可近似於250mm與EFL的比值，因此當系統滿足250毫米/EFL≦25時，使得系統放大率不致過大而增加透鏡厚度與製造困難度。較佳為滿足2.5≦250毫米/EFL≦25，使得EFL不致過長而影響系統長度。Second, 250mm is the bright distance of young people, that is, the closest distance that young people's eyes can clearly focus on, then the magnification of the system can be approximated to the ratio of 250mm to EFL, so when the system meets 250mm/EFL≦25, The system magnification is not too large and increases lens thickness and manufacturing difficulty. It is preferable to satisfy 2.5 ≦ 250 mm / EFL ≦ 25 so that the EFL is not too long and affects the system length.

三、當系統滿足40°≦ω時，不致讓觀察者感到視覺狹窄。較佳為滿足40°≦ω≦60°，不致增加設計的難度。Third, when the system meets 40 ° ≦ ω, it does not make the observer feel narrow. It is preferable to satisfy 40° ≦ ω ≦ 60 ° without increasing the difficulty of design.

四、系統可滿足0.1≦G23/G3D≦10、0.7≦AAG/T2≦25、0.5≦T1/T2≦10、2.2≦ALT/T2≦50、0.7≦T1/T3≦10及0.4≦AAG/G3D≦20的至少其中之一，目的是為使各透鏡的厚度與間隔維持一適當值，避免任一參數過大而不利於該目鏡光學系統10整體之薄型化，或是避免任一參數過小而影響組裝或是提高製造上之困難度。Fourth, the system can meet 0.1≦G23/G3D≦10, 0.7≦AAG/T2≦25, 0.5≦T1/T2≦10, 2.2≦ALT/T2≦50, 0.7≦T1/T3≦10 and 0.4≦AAG/G3D At least one of the ≦20 is intended to maintain an appropriate value for the thickness and spacing of the lenses, to avoid any parameter being too large to facilitate the thinning of the eyepiece optical system 10 as a whole, or to avoid any parameter being too small to be affected. Assembly or increase the difficulty of manufacturing.

五、系統可滿足EFL/ALT≦1.8、EFL/AAG≦6.2及1.23≦TTL/EFL≦10的至少其中之一，較佳為滿足0.17≦EFL/ALT≦1.8及0.3≦EFL/AAG≦6.2的至少其中之一，目的是為使系統焦距EFL與光學各參數維持一適當值，避免任一參數過大而不利於該目鏡光學系統整體之像差的修正，或是避免任一參數過小而影響組裝或是提高製造上之困難度。5. The system can satisfy at least one of EFL/ALT≦1.8, EFL/AAG≦6.2 and 1.23≦TTL/EFL≦10, preferably satisfying 0.17≦EFL/ALT≦1.8 and 0.3≦EFL/AAG≦6.2 At least one of the purpose is to maintain an appropriate value for the system focal length EFL and the optical parameters, to avoid any parameter being too large to facilitate the correction of the overall aberration of the eyepiece optical system, or to avoid any parameter being too small to affect the assembly. Or increase the difficulty of manufacturing.

六、系統可滿足ER/T1≦8、1≦ALT/ER≦10、ER/T3≦4.31、3≦SL/ER≦29、(ER+G12+G3D)/T3≦8.01、ER/G23≦20及(ER+G12+G3D)/G23≦36的至少其中之一，較佳為滿足0.4≦ER/T1≦8、0.2≦ER/T3≦4.31、0.5≦(ER+G12+G3D)/T3≦8.01、0.45≦ER/G23≦20及0.3≦(ER+G12+G3D)/G23≦36的至少其中之一，目的是使出瞳距離與光學各參數維持一適當值，避免任一參數過大而使目鏡光學系統10離眼睛距離太遠或太近造成眼睛不適，或是避免任一參數過小而影響組裝或是提高製造上之困難度。Sixth, the system can meet ER/T1≦8, 1≦ALT/ER≦10, ER/T3≦4.31, 3≦SL/ER≦29, (ER+G12+G3D)/T3≦8.01, ER/G23≦20 And at least one of (ER+G12+G3D)/G23≦36, preferably satisfying 0.4≦ER/T1≦8, 0.2≦ER/T3≦4.31, 0.5≦(ER+G12+G3D)/T3≦ 8.01, 0.45 ≦ ER / G23 ≦ 20 and 0.3 ≦ (ER + G12 + G3D) / G23 ≦ 36 at least one of the purpose, the purpose is to maintain the exit distance and optical parameters to maintain an appropriate value, to avoid any parameter is too large The eyepiece optical system 10 is too far or too close to the eye to cause eye discomfort, or to avoid any parameter being too small to affect assembly or to increase manufacturing difficulty.

然而，有鑑於光學系統設計的不可預測性，在本發明的實施例的架構之下，符合上述條件式能較佳地使本發明的實施例的系統長度縮短、可用光圈增大、眼視視角增加、成像品質提升，或組裝良率提升而改善先前技術的缺點。However, in view of the unpredictability of the optical system design, under the framework of the embodiment of the present invention, the above conditional conditions can preferably shorten the system length, increase the available aperture, and see the angle of view of the embodiment of the present invention. Increases, improved imaging quality, or improved assembly yields improve the shortcomings of prior art.

綜上所述，本發明的實施例的目鏡光學系統10可獲致下述的功效及優點：In summary, the eyepiece optical system 10 of the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the following effects and advantages:

一、本發明各實施例的縱向球差、場曲、畸變皆符合使用規範。另外，486奈米、587奈米、656奈米三種代表波長在不同高度的離軸光線皆集中在成像點附近，由每一曲線的偏斜幅度可看出不同高度的離軸光線的成像點偏差皆獲得控制而具有良好的球差、像差、畸變抑制能力。進一步參閱成像品質數據，486奈米、587奈米、656奈米三種代表波長彼此間的距離亦相當接近，顯示本發明的實施例在各種狀態下對不同波長光線的集中性佳而具有優良的色散抑制能力，故透過上述可知本發明的實施例具備良好光學性能。1. The longitudinal spherical aberration, curvature of field, and distortion of the embodiments of the present invention all conform to the usage specifications. In addition, 486 nm, 587 nm, and 656 nm are three off-axis rays with different wavelengths at different heights, which are concentrated near the imaging point. The angle of deflection of each curve shows the imaging points of off-axis rays of different heights. The deviations are controlled and have good spherical aberration, aberration, and distortion suppression capability. Referring further to the imaging quality data, the distances of the three representative wavelengths of 486 nm, 587 nm, and 656 nm are also relatively close to each other, showing that the embodiment of the present invention has excellent concentration of different wavelengths of light in various states and has excellent performance. Since the dispersion suppressing ability is obtained, it is understood from the above that the embodiment of the present invention has good optical performance.

二、第二透鏡4的顯示側面42具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部421及一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部423，第二透鏡4的目側面41具有一位於光軸I附近區域的凸面部411，且第三透鏡5的目側面51具有一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部514，如此有利於放大影像。2. The display side surface 42 of the second lens 4 has a convex portion 421 located in the vicinity of the optical axis I and a convex portion 423 located in the vicinity of the circumference. The mesh side surface 41 of the second lens 4 has a region in the vicinity of the optical axis I. The convex portion 411, and the eye side 51 of the third lens 5 has a concave portion 514 located in the vicinity of the circumference, which is advantageous for enlarging the image.

三、此外，另可選擇實施例參數之任意組合關係增加系統限制，以利於本發明實施例相同架構的系統設計。有鑑於光學系統設計的不可預測性，在本發明的實施例的架構之下，符合上述條件式能較佳地使本發明的實施例的系統長度縮短、出瞳直徑增大、成像品質提升，或組裝良率提升而改善先前技術的缺點。In addition, any combination of the parameters of the embodiment may be selected to increase the system limitation to facilitate the system design of the same architecture in the embodiment of the present invention. In view of the unpredictability of the optical system design, under the framework of the embodiment of the present invention, the above conditional expression can better shorten the system length, increase the exit pupil diameter, and improve the imaging quality of the embodiment of the present invention. Or assembly yield improvement improves the shortcomings of the prior art.

四、前述所列之示例性限定關係式，亦可任意選擇性地合併不等數量施用於本發明之實施態樣中，並不限於此。在實施本發明時，除了前述關係式之外，亦可針對單一透鏡或廣泛性地針對多個透鏡額外設計出其他更多的透鏡的凹凸曲面排列等細部結構，以加強對系統性能及／或解析度的控制，舉例來說，第一透鏡的目側面上可選擇性地額外形成有一位於光軸附近區域的凸面部。須注意的是，此些細節需在無衝突之情況之下，選擇性地合併施用於本發明之其他實施例當中。4. The exemplary defined relationship listed above may also be arbitrarily combined and applied in an unequal amount in the embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited thereto. In the implementation of the present invention, in addition to the foregoing relationship, a fine structure such as a concave-convex surface arrangement of a plurality of other lenses may be additionally designed for a single lens or a plurality of lenses to enhance system performance and/or For the control of the resolution, for example, a convex portion located in the vicinity of the optical axis may be additionally additionally formed on the eye side of the first lens. It should be noted that such details need to be selectively combined and applied to other embodiments of the invention without conflict.

雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾，故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

10、V100‧‧‧目鏡光學系統10, V100‧‧‧ eyepiece optical system

100、V50‧‧‧顯示畫面100, V50‧‧‧ display screen

2‧‧‧瞳孔2‧‧‧瞳孔

3‧‧‧第一透鏡3‧‧‧first lens

31、41、51‧‧‧目側面 31, 41, 51‧‧ ‧ side

311、313、321、323、411、413、421、423、511、523‧‧‧凸面部 311, 313, 321, 323, 411, 413, 421, 423, 511, 523‧‧ ‧ convex face

314、414、512、514、522‧‧‧凹面部 314, 414, 512, 514, 522‧‧ ‧ concave face

32、42、52‧‧‧顯示側面 32, 42, 52‧‧‧ Display side

4‧‧‧第二透鏡 4‧‧‧second lens

5‧‧‧第三透鏡 5‧‧‧ third lens

A‧‧‧光軸附近區域 A‧‧‧Axis near the optical axis

C‧‧‧圓周附近區域 C‧‧‧near the circle

DLD‧‧‧觀察者單一瞳孔對應之顯示畫面之對角線長 DLD‧‧‧ Observer's diagonal length of the display screen corresponding to a single pupil

E‧‧‧延伸部 E‧‧‧Extension

EPD‧‧‧出瞳直徑 EPD‧‧‧Outlet diameter

I‧‧‧光軸 I‧‧‧ optical axis

Lc‧‧‧主光線 Lc‧‧‧ chief ray

Lm‧‧‧邊緣光線 Lm‧‧‧ edge light

M、R‧‧‧點 M, R‧‧ points

V60‧‧‧眼睛 V60‧‧ eyes

VD‧‧‧明視距離 VD‧‧‧ Vision distance

VI‧‧‧成像光線 VI‧‧‧ imaging light

VV‧‧‧放大虛像 VV‧‧·Enlarge the virtual image

ω‧‧‧半眼視視角 ω‧‧‧Half-eye view

圖1是一示意圖，說明一目鏡光學系統。 圖2是一示意圖，說明一透鏡的面型結構。 圖3是一示意圖，說明一透鏡的面型凹凸結構及光線焦點。 圖4是一示意圖，說明一範例一的透鏡的面型結構。 圖5是一示意圖，說明一範例二的透鏡的面型結構。 圖6是一示意圖，說明一範例三的透鏡的面型結構。 圖7為本發明之第一實施例之目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖8A至圖8D為第一實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖9示出本發明之第一實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖10示出本發明之第一實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖11為本發明的第二實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖12A至圖12D為第二實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖13示出本發明之第二實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖14示出本發明之第二實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖15為本發明的第三實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖16A至圖16D為第三實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖17示出本發明之第三實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖18示出本發明之第三實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖19為本發明的第四實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖20A至圖20D為第四實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖21示出本發明之第四實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖22示出本發明之第四實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖23為本發明的第五實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖24A至圖24D為第五實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖25示出本發明之第五實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖26示出本發明之第五實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖27為本發明的第六實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖28A至圖28D為第六實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖29示出本發明之第六實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖30示出本發明之第六實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖31為本發明的第七實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖32A至圖32D為第七實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖33示出本發明之第七實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖34示出本發明之第七實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖35為本發明的第八實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖36A至圖36D為第八實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖37示出本發明之第八實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖38示出本發明之第八實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖39為本發明的第九實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖40A至圖40D為第九實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖41示出本發明之第九實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖42示出本發明之第九實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖43為本發明的第十實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖44A至圖44D為第十實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖45示出本發明之第十實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖46示出本發明之第十實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖47為本發明的第十一實施例的目鏡光學系統的示意圖。 圖48A至圖48D為第十一實施例之目鏡光學系統的縱向球差與各項像差圖。 圖49示出本發明之第十一實施例之目鏡光學系統的詳細光學數據。 圖50示出本發明之第十一實施例之目鏡光學系統的非球面參數。 圖51與圖52示出本發明之第一至第十一實施例之目鏡光學系統的各重要參數及其關係式的數值。Figure 1 is a schematic view showing an eyepiece optical system. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the surface structure of a lens. Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the surface relief structure of a lens and the focus of light. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the surface structure of a lens of an example one. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the surface structure of a lens of an example two. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the surface structure of a lens of an example three. Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of an eyepiece optical system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. 8A to 8D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the first embodiment. Fig. 9 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 shows the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a second embodiment of the present invention. 12A to 12D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the second embodiment. Figure 13 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 shows the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a third embodiment of the present invention. 16A to 16D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the third embodiment. Figure 17 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 shows the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 20A to 20D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the fourth embodiment. Figure 21 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 shows the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 23 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 24A to 24D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the fifth embodiment. Fig. 25 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 26 is a view showing aspherical parameters of an eyepiece optical system of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 27 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a sixth embodiment of the present invention. 28A to 28D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the sixth embodiment. Figure 29 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 30 is a view showing the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 31 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a seventh embodiment of the present invention. 32A to 32D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the seventh embodiment. Figure 33 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 34 shows the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 35 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of an eighth embodiment of the present invention. 36A to 36D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the eighth embodiment. Figure 37 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 38 is a view showing aspherical parameters of an eyepiece optical system of an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 39 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a ninth embodiment of the present invention. 40A to 40D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the ninth embodiment. Figure 41 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the ninth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 42 is a view showing aspherical parameters of an eyepiece optical system of a ninth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 43 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of a tenth embodiment of the present invention. 44A to 44D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the tenth embodiment. Fig. 45 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the tenth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 46 is a view showing the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the tenth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 47 is a schematic view of an eyepiece optical system of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. 48A to 48D are longitudinal spherical aberration and various aberration diagrams of the eyepiece optical system of the eleventh embodiment. Figure 49 shows detailed optical data of the eyepiece optical system of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 50 is a view showing the aspherical parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 51 and Fig. 52 show numerical values of important parameters of the eyepiece optical system of the first to eleventh embodiments of the present invention and their relational expressions.

Claims (20)

一種目鏡光學系統，用於成像光線從顯示畫面經該目鏡光學系統進入觀察者的眼睛成像，朝向該眼睛的方向為目側，朝向該顯示畫面的方向為顯示側，該目鏡光學系統從該目側至該顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡，該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面；該第一透鏡具有屈光率；該第二透鏡具有正屈光率，且該第二透鏡的該顯示側面具有一位於光軸附近區域的凸面部；以及該第三透鏡具有屈光率，其中該目鏡光學系統具有屈光率的透鏡只有該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡，其中，該目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3；及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為該第三透鏡在該光軸上的厚度，G23為該第二透鏡到該第三透鏡在該光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為該第三透鏡到該顯示畫面在該光軸上的距離。 An eyepiece optical system for imaging light from a display screen to enter an observer's eye through the eyepiece optical system, the direction toward the eye being the eye side, and the direction toward the display screen being the display side, the eyepiece optical system from the eye The first lens, the second lens and the third lens are sequentially included on the display side along an optical axis, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens respectively include a mesh side and a display side; The first lens has a refractive power; the second lens has a positive refractive power, and the display side of the second lens has a convex portion located in a region near the optical axis; and the third lens has a refractive power, wherein The lens having an optical power of the eyepiece optical system has only the first lens, the second lens and the third lens, wherein the eyepiece optical system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3; and G3D/T3≦3.51, wherein T3 is a thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, G23 is an air gap of the second lens to the optical axis of the third lens, and G3D is a distance of the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis . 一種目鏡光學系統，用於成像光線從顯示畫面經該目鏡光學系統進入觀察者的眼睛成像，朝向該眼睛的方向為目側，朝向該顯示畫面的方向為顯示側，該目鏡光學系統從該目側至該顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡， 該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面；該第一透鏡具有屈光率；該第二透鏡具有正屈光率，且該第二透鏡的該顯示側面具有一位於圓周附近區域的凸面部；以及該第三透鏡具有屈光率，其中該目鏡光學系統具有屈光率的透鏡只有該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡，其中，該目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3；及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為該第三透鏡在該光軸上的厚度，G23為該第二透鏡到該第三透鏡在該光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為該第三透鏡到該顯示畫面在該光軸上的距離。 An eyepiece optical system for imaging light from a display screen to enter an observer's eye through the eyepiece optical system, the direction toward the eye being the eye side, and the direction toward the display screen being the display side, the eyepiece optical system from the eye The side to the display side sequentially includes a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along an optical axis. The first lens, the second lens and the third lens each include a mesh side and a display side; the first lens has a refractive power; the second lens has a positive refractive power, and the display of the second lens a side surface having a convex portion located in the vicinity of the circumference; and the third lens having a refractive power, wherein the lens having the refractive power of the eyepiece optical system is only the first lens, the second lens, and the third lens, wherein The eyepiece optical system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3; and G3D/T3≦3.51, wherein T3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, and G23 is the second lens to the third lens on the optical axis Air gap, and G3D is the distance of the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis. 一種目鏡光學系統，用於成像光線從顯示畫面經該目鏡光學系統進入觀察者的眼睛成像，朝向該眼睛的方向為目側，朝向該顯示畫面的方向為顯示側，該目鏡光學系統從該目側至該顯示側沿一光軸依序包括一第一透鏡、一第二透鏡及一第三透鏡，該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡各自包括一目側面及一顯示側面；該第一透鏡具有屈光率；該第二透鏡的該目側面具有一位於光軸附近區域的凸面部；以及 該第三透鏡的該目側面具有一位於圓周附近區域的凹面部，其中該目鏡光學系統具有屈光率的透鏡只有該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡，其中，該目鏡光學系統符合：T3/G23≦4.3；及G3D/T3≦3.51，其中T3為該第三透鏡在該光軸上的厚度，G23為該第二透鏡到該第三透鏡在該光軸上的空氣間隙，且G3D為該第三透鏡到該顯示畫面在該光軸上的距離。 An eyepiece optical system for imaging light from a display screen to enter an observer's eye through the eyepiece optical system, the direction toward the eye being the eye side, and the direction toward the display screen being the display side, the eyepiece optical system from the eye The first lens, the second lens and the third lens are sequentially included on the display side along an optical axis, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens respectively include a mesh side and a display side; The first lens has a refractive power; the eye side of the second lens has a convex portion located in a region near the optical axis; The eye side of the third lens has a concave surface located in the vicinity of the circumference, wherein the lens having the refractive power of the eyepiece optical system has only the first lens, the second lens and the third lens, wherein the eyepiece optics The system conforms to: T3/G23≦4.3; and G3D/T3≦3.51, wherein T3 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, and G23 is the air gap of the second lens to the third lens on the optical axis. And G3D is the distance of the third lens to the display screen on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：ER/T1≦8，ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離，且T1為該第一透鏡在該光軸上的厚度。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: ER/T1≦8, ER is the observer's pupil of the eye to the first lens at the light The distance on the axis, and T1 is the thickness of the first lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：0.1≦G23/G3D≦10。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 0.1 ≦ G23/G3D ≦ 10. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：EFL/ALT≦1.8，其中EFL為該目鏡光學系統的系統焦距，且ALT為該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡在該光軸上的厚度的總和。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: EFL/ALT ≦ 1.8, wherein EFL is a system focal length of the eyepiece optical system, and ALT is the first lens a sum of thicknesses of the second lens and the third lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：0.7≦AAG/T2≦25，其中AAG為該第 一透鏡至該第三透鏡在該光軸上的兩個空氣間隙的總和，且T2為該第二透鏡在該光軸上的厚度。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: 0.7≦AAG/T2≦25, wherein AAG is the first The sum of a lens to the two air gaps of the third lens on the optical axis, and T2 is the thickness of the second lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：2.5≦250毫米/EFL≦25，其中EFL為該目鏡光學系統的系統焦距。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 2.5 ≦ 250 mm / EFL ≦ 25, wherein the EFL is a system focal length of the eyepiece optical system. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：1≦ALT/ER≦10，其中ALT為該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡在該光軸上的厚度的總和，且ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: 1 ≦ ALT / ER ≦ 10, wherein ALT is the first lens, the second lens, and the third The sum of the thicknesses of the lenses on the optical axis, and ER is the pupil's pupil of the eye to the distance of the first lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：ER/T3≦4.31，其中ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: ER/T3≦4.31, wherein ER is the observer's pupil of the eye to the first lens The distance on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：0.5≦T1/T2≦10，T1為該第一透鏡在該光軸上的厚度，且T2為該第二透鏡在該光軸上的厚度。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 0.5 ≦ T1/T2 ≦ 10, T1 is the thickness of the first lens on the optical axis, and T2 Is the thickness of the second lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：EFL/AAG≦6.2，其中EFL為該目鏡光學系統的系統焦距，且AAG為該第一透鏡至該第三透鏡在該光軸上的兩個空氣間隙的總和。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: EFL/AAG≦6.2, wherein EFL is a system focal length of the eyepiece optical system, and AAG is the first lens The sum of the two air gaps to the third lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：3≦SL/ER≦29，其中SL為該觀察者的 該眼睛的瞳孔到該顯示畫面在該光軸上的距離，且ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 3≦SL/ER≦29, wherein SL is the observer's The pupil of the eye is to the distance of the display on the optical axis, and ER is the pupil of the observer's pupil to the distance of the first lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：(ER+G12+G3D)/T3≦8.01，其中ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離，且G12為該第一透鏡到該第二透鏡在該光軸上的空氣間隙。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: (ER+G12+G3D)/T3≦8.01, wherein ER is the observer's pupil of the eye to a distance of the first lens on the optical axis, and G12 is an air gap of the first lens to the second lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：2.2≦ALT/T2≦50，其中ALT為該第一透鏡、該第二透鏡及該第三透鏡在該光軸上的厚度的總和，且T2為該第二透鏡在該光軸上的厚度。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system further conforms to: 2.2 ≦ ALT / T2 ≦ 50, wherein ALT is the first lens, the second lens, and the third The sum of the thicknesses of the lenses on the optical axis, and T2 is the thickness of the second lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：ER/G23≦20，其中ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: ER/G23≦20, wherein ER is the observer's pupil of the eye to the first lens at the The distance on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：0.7≦T1/T3≦10，其中T1為該第一透鏡在該光軸上的厚度。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 0.7 ≦ T1/T3 ≦ 10, wherein T1 is the thickness of the first lens on the optical axis. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：1.23≦TTL/EFL≦10，其中TTL為該第一透鏡的該目側面到該顯示畫面在該光軸上的距離，且EFL為該目鏡光學系統的系統焦距。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 1.23 ≦ TTL/EFL ≦ 10, wherein the TTL is the side of the first lens to the display screen. The distance on the optical axis, and the EFL is the system focal length of the eyepiece optical system. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：0.4≦AAG/G3D≦20，其中AAG為該第一透鏡至該第三透鏡在該光軸上的兩個空氣間隙的總和。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more conformable to: 0.4 AAG/G3D ≦ 20, wherein AAG is the first lens to the third lens at the optical axis The sum of the two air gaps above. 如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項所述的目鏡光學系統，其中該目鏡光學系統更符合：(ER+G12+G3D)/G23≦36，其中ER為該觀察者的該眼睛的瞳孔到該第一透鏡在該光軸上的距離，且G12為該第一透鏡到該第二透鏡在該光軸上的空氣間隙。 The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein the eyepiece optical system is more in accordance with: (ER+G12+G3D)/G23≦36, wherein ER is the observer's pupil of the eye to a distance of the first lens on the optical axis, and G12 is an air gap of the first lens to the second lens on the optical axis.
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