TWI575119B - Method for coating aluminum cookware with magnetic layer - Google Patents
Method for coating aluminum cookware with magnetic layer Download PDFInfo
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- TWI575119B TWI575119B TW104113562A TW104113562A TWI575119B TW I575119 B TWI575119 B TW I575119B TW 104113562 A TW104113562 A TW 104113562A TW 104113562 A TW104113562 A TW 104113562A TW I575119 B TWI575119 B TW I575119B
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本發明係有關於一種鋁基鍋具之導磁層加工方法，特別是指一種利用放電加工方式，可以使鋁基鍋具底部形成一導磁層而具有磁性的方法。 The invention relates to a method for processing a magnetic conductive layer of an aluminum-based cookware, in particular to a method for forming a magnetic conductive layer at the bottom of an aluminum-based cookware by using an electric discharge machining method.
按，目前一般人經常會利用電磁爐對於食物烹調與加熱。但由於鋁基材質之鍋具並不具有磁性，因此無法吸收電磁波進行加熱，所以必須另外於該鍋具之底部製造出一導磁層，才能吸收電磁波進行加熱。例如有中華民國99年10月1日所公告之新型第M389500號「一種鍋體及製造該鍋體之模具」專利案。其係揭露：運用模具之上模開設一穿孔，供利用結合件鎖接有導磁金屬件之活動模組配，活動模並於表面設灌孔，供不導磁金屬液注入，待冷卻、定型後，即可取出結合件之螺絲。結合件之螺帽與導磁金屬件，則埋設於定型之鍋體底面壁面內部，藉包覆於鍋體壁面內，以確保鍋體與導磁金屬件不會因熱脹冷縮產生翹曲間隙影響導磁、導熱效能，同時遭受外力時亦不用擔心導磁金屬件掉落之鍋體喪失導磁情況發生。 Press, currently people often use induction cookers for food cooking and heating. However, since the aluminum-based pot is not magnetic, it cannot absorb electromagnetic waves for heating, so it is necessary to separately manufacture a magnetic conductive layer at the bottom of the pot to absorb electromagnetic waves for heating. For example, there is a new type of patent No. M389500, "A pot body and a mold for manufacturing the pot body" announced by the Republic of China on October 1, 1999. The system discloses that a perforation is formed by using the upper mold of the mold, and the movable module with the magnetic conductive metal member is locked by the joint member, and the movable mold is provided with a filling hole on the surface for injecting non-magnetic metal liquid, to be cooled, Once the shape is set, the screws of the joint can be removed. The nut and the magnetic conductive metal member of the joint member are embedded in the inner wall surface of the shaped pot body, and are covered in the wall surface of the pot body to ensure that the pot body and the magnetic conductive metal member are not warped due to thermal expansion and contraction. The gap affects the magnetic permeability and thermal conductivity. At the same time, when the external force is applied, there is no need to worry about the loss of magnetic permeability of the pot body where the magnetic metal piece is dropped.
該專利前案雖具有使鍋具增設且固定一導磁層之功能，但上述鍋具之製作時間長，且需等待加工後之冷卻時間，故上述專利前案並不具縮短工時、冷卻時間及重量輕之特性。 Although the pre-patent of the patent has the function of adding a pot and fixing a magnetic conductive layer, the pot has a long manufacturing time and needs to wait for the cooling time after processing, so the above patent case does not have shortened working hours and cooling time. And light weight characteristics.
另外一般習知之鋁基鍋具的導磁層加工方法可區分為下列方法： In addition, the magnetically permeable layer processing method of the conventional aluminum-based pot can be divided into the following methods:
1.熱壓法，材料之間增設一介面材質，而在加熱並同時加壓的條件下，待冷卻凝固後形成材料之間的連接，其缺點在於冷卻時間長，大約需要30分鐘以上。 1. Hot pressing method, an interface material is added between the materials, and under the condition of heating and simultaneous pressing, the connection between the materials is formed after cooling and solidification, and the disadvantage is that the cooling time is long, and it takes about 30 minutes or more.
2.以焊接方式將材料和介面材質熔化形成熔融區域，待熔化冷卻凝固後，形成材料之間的連接，其缺點在於焊接品質不穩定，且當使用過久時容易脫落。 2. The material and the interface material are melted to form a molten region by welding, and the connection between the materials is formed after being melted and solidified. The disadvantage is that the welding quality is unstable, and it is easy to fall off when used for a long time.
爰此，有鑑於目前用以製造具導磁層之鍋具的方法係具有上述之缺點。故本發明提供一種鋁基鍋具之導磁層加工方法，係包括有下列步驟：A.將一鋁基鍋具置入於一放電空間內；B.以該鋁基鍋具作為正極，另以一磁性材料作為負極；C.使該鋁基鍋具與該磁性材料進行放電加工：使該鋁基鍋具與該耗材相對移動接近而形成一間隙，然後施予一電流，使其產生一放電加工之作用，該放電施予之電流係為15安培〔A〕至50安培〔A〕之間，其脈衝時間則為10微秒〔μs〕至2000微秒〔μs〕之間，而衝擊係數〔Duty factor〕則為25%至75%之間；D.於該鋁基鍋具之底部表面形成一導磁層：使該鋁基鍋具之底部表面形成一融熔區，該耗材則會被融入該融熔區，經過一急速冷卻程序，使該融熔區迅速冷卻形成一導磁層。 Accordingly, in view of the current method for manufacturing a pot having a magnetically permeable layer, the above disadvantages are obtained. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for processing a magnetically conductive layer of an aluminum-based cookware, comprising the steps of: A. placing an aluminum-based pot in a discharge space; B. using the aluminum-based pot as a positive electrode, and Taking a magnetic material as a negative electrode; C. performing electrical discharge machining on the aluminum-based pot and the magnetic material: causing the aluminum-based pot to move relatively close to the consumable to form a gap, and then applying a current to generate a The effect of electrical discharge machining is that the current applied by the discharge is between 15 amps [A] and 50 amps [A], and the pulse time is between 10 microseconds (μs) and 2000 microseconds (μs), and the impact is The coefficient (Duty factor) is between 25% and 75%; D. forming a magnetic conductive layer on the bottom surface of the aluminum-based cookware: forming a melting zone on the bottom surface of the aluminum-based cookware, and the consumable is Will be integrated into the melting zone, through a rapid cooling process, the melting zone is rapidly cooled to form a magnetically conductive layer.
上述鋁基鍋具係為一鋁合金炒鍋、一鋁合金平底鍋、一鋁合金湯鍋、一鋁合金壓力鍋或一鋁合金油炸鍋。 The above aluminum-based pot is an aluminum alloy wok, an aluminum alloy pan, an aluminum alloy soup pot, an aluminum alloy pressure cooker or an aluminum alloy fryer.
上述磁性材料係為一鐵、一鈷或一鎳之金屬。 The magnetic material is a metal of iron, cobalt or nickel.
上述最佳的脈衝時間則為100微秒〔μs〕至1250微秒〔μs〕之間。 The above optimum pulse time is between 100 microseconds [μs] and 1250 microseconds (μs).
上述次佳之衝擊係數則為33%至66%之間。 The second best impact factor is between 33% and 66%.
上述最佳之衝擊係數則為50%。 The above best impact factor is 50%.
進一步包括有一步驟E.對於該鋁基鍋具之導磁層進行一表面處理。 Further comprising a step E. performing a surface treatment on the magnetic conductive layer of the aluminum-based pot.
上述表面處理係透過一研磨作業、一電鍍作業、一陽極處理作業或一微弧氧化作業進行。 The surface treatment is performed by a grinding operation, a plating operation, an anode treatment operation or a micro-arc oxidation operation.
本發明具有下列之優點： The invention has the following advantages:
1.本發明可以使不具有導磁性的鋁基鍋具，於放電加工後可以於其底部之表面形成有一導磁層，以供作為電磁爐進行加熱時之使用。 1. The present invention can make an aluminum-based pot having no magnetic permeability, after the electric discharge machining, can form a magnetic conductive layer on the surface of the bottom portion for use as an induction cooker for heating.
2.本發明之製造方法相當簡單、操作容易，而且遠比以其他加工方式所製造成具有導磁性之鍋具來得便宜，即係花費較少價格，即能取得可利用電磁波加熱之鋁基鍋具。 2. The manufacturing method of the present invention is relatively simple and easy to operate, and is far cheaper than a pot having a magnetically conductive material manufactured by other processing methods, that is, an aluminum base pot which can be heated by electromagnetic waves at a lower cost. With.
3.本發明之製造步驟所花費之時間僅為5~10分鐘，相較於一般習知製造方式需要花費30分鐘之久，係具有節省時間之功效。 3. The manufacturing process of the present invention takes only 5 to 10 minutes, which is a time-saving effect compared to the conventional manufacturing method, which takes 30 minutes.
4.本發明所形成之導磁層係已將鋁基材質及具導磁性之耗材結合成一體，即使是長久使用後，仍然不會有剝落脫離之缺點產生。 4. The magnetic conductive layer formed by the invention has integrated the aluminum-based material and the magnetically conductive consumable into one body, and even after long-term use, there is no disadvantage of peeling off.
5.本發明所製造出之鋁基鍋具，其成品重量較輕，尤其適合一般家庭主婦拿取使用。 5. The aluminum-based cookware manufactured by the invention has a light weight and is particularly suitable for general housewives to take.
(1)‧‧‧鋁基鍋具 (1)‧‧‧Aluminum based pots
(2)‧‧‧放電槽 (2) ‧‧‧ discharge tank
(3)‧‧‧工作液 (3) ‧ ‧ working fluid
(4)‧‧‧耗材 (4)‧‧‧ supplies
(5)‧‧‧導磁層 (5) ‧ ‧ magnetic permeability layer
[第一圖]係為本發明之操作步驟流程圖。 [First figure] is a flow chart of the operation steps of the present invention.
[第二圖]係為本發明將鋁基鍋具及磁性材料進行放電加工之示意圖。 [Second figure] is a schematic view of the electric discharge machining of an aluminum-based pot and a magnetic material according to the present invention.
[第三圖]係為本發明具有導磁層之鋁基鍋具的示意圖。 [Third image] is a schematic view of an aluminum-based pot having a magnetic conductive layer of the present invention.
[第四圖]係為本發明利用EPMA-WDS對於鋁基鍋具進行掃描之金相圖。 [Fourth figure] is a metallographic diagram of the invention for scanning an aluminum-based pan using EPMA-WDS.
[第五圖]係為本發明利用X光繞射分析法對於鋁基鍋具進行掃描之示意圖。 [Fifth figure] is a schematic view of the invention for scanning an aluminum-based pan using X-ray diffraction analysis.
[第六圖]係為本發明對於鋁基鍋具進行磁滯曲線檢測之示意圖。 [Sixth] is a schematic diagram of the hysteresis curve detection of the aluminum-based cookware according to the present invention.
請參閱第一圖所示，本發明實施例包括有下列步驟： Referring to the first figure, the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
A.將一鋁基鍋具置入於一放電空間內。如第二圖所示，其係先將一待加工之鋁基鍋具(1)放入一放電槽(2)內，該放電槽(2)內係可充滿了一工作液(3)，該工作液(3)係可為一煤油、一去離子水、一空氣或一酒精。 A. Place an aluminum-based pot in a discharge space. As shown in the second figure, the aluminum-based pot (1) to be processed is first placed in a discharge tank (2), and the discharge tank (2) can be filled with a working fluid (3). The working fluid (3) can be a kerosene, a deionized water, an air or an alcohol.
B.以該鋁基鍋具作為正極，另以一磁性材料作為負極。如第二圖所示，即利用該鋁基鍋具(1)形成為一放電時之正極，該鋁基鍋具(1)係可為一鋁合金炒鍋、一鋁合金平底鍋、一鋁合金湯鍋、一鋁合金壓力鍋或一鋁合金油炸鍋。又將另一磁性材料作為放電之耗材(4)，該磁性材料係可為一鐵、一鈷或一鎳等具有導磁性之金屬，並使該耗材(4)形成為一放電時之負極。 B. The aluminum-based pot is used as the positive electrode, and a magnetic material is used as the negative electrode. As shown in the second figure, the aluminum-based pot (1) is formed as a positive electrode during discharge, and the aluminum-based pot (1) can be an aluminum alloy wok, an aluminum alloy pan, and an aluminum. Alloy soup pot, an aluminum alloy pressure cooker or an aluminum alloy fryer. Another magnetic material is used as the discharge material (4). The magnetic material may be a metal having magnetic permeability such as iron, cobalt or nickel, and the consumable (4) is formed into a negative electrode at the time of discharge.
C.使該鋁基鍋具與該磁性材料進行放電加工。係可使該正極之鋁基鍋具(1)與該負極之耗材(4)相對移動接近，而使該耗材(4)與該鋁基鍋具(1)之底部表面之間形成一極微小間隙。然後施予一電流，逐漸增加該正極之鋁基鍋具(1)與該負極之耗材(4)間的電位差，藉以突破放電屏障電壓，藉由電場形成一放電通路，使其產生放電加工之作用。即利用該鋁基鍋具(1)與該耗材(4)間的電壓差，產生放電現象。該放電施予之電流係為15安培〔A〕至50安培〔A〕之間，其脈衝時間則為10微秒〔μs〕至2 000微秒〔μs〕之間，最佳的脈衝時間則為100微秒〔μs〕至1250微秒〔μs〕之間。而衝擊係數〔Duty factor〕則為25%至75%之間，其次佳之衝擊係數則為33%至66%之間，而最佳之衝擊係數則為50%。 C. The aluminum-based pot is subjected to electrical discharge machining with the magnetic material. The aluminum base cooker (1) of the positive electrode and the consumable material (4) of the negative electrode are relatively moved closer to each other, so that a slight difference is formed between the consumable material (4) and the bottom surface of the aluminum base cookware (1). gap. Then, a current is applied to gradually increase the potential difference between the aluminum-based pot (1) of the positive electrode and the consumable (4) of the negative electrode, thereby breaking the discharge barrier voltage, and forming a discharge path by the electric field to cause electric discharge machining. effect. That is, a discharge phenomenon occurs by using a voltage difference between the aluminum-based pan (1) and the consumable (4). The current applied by the discharge is between 15 amps [A] and 50 amps [A], and the pulse time is 10 microseconds [μs] to 2 Between 1000 microseconds (μs), the optimal pulse time is between 100 microseconds (μs) and 1250 microseconds (μs). The Duty factor is between 25% and 75%, the second best impact coefficient is between 33% and 66%, and the best impact factor is 50%.
D.於該鋁基鍋具之底部表面形成一導磁層。該耗材(4)與該鋁基鍋具(1)之間，因為受到放電時所產生之1000℃至10000℃之間的高溫作用，而會在該鋁基鍋具(1)之底部表面產生一高溫融熔狀態，使該鋁基鍋具(1)之底部表面形成有一融熔區。且該負極之耗材(4)因放電通路而會被融入該鋁基鍋具(1)底部表面之融熔區，即會產生一混合具磁性材料的融熔區。而再經過一急速冷卻程序，使該高溫融熔狀態之融熔區內之磁性材料與該鋁基鍋具所釋放出熱量，而會迅速冷卻形成一導磁層(5)〔如第三圖所示〕，利用該導磁層(5)可以使該鋁基鍋具(1)之底部可以具有一磁性。 D. forming a magnetic conductive layer on the bottom surface of the aluminum-based pot. The consumable (4) and the aluminum-based pot (1) are generated on the bottom surface of the aluminum-based pot (1) because of the high temperature between 1000 ° C and 10000 ° C generated during discharge. In a high temperature melting state, a melting zone is formed on the bottom surface of the aluminum base pot (1). And the consumable material (4) of the negative electrode is incorporated into the melting zone of the bottom surface of the aluminum-based pot (1) due to the discharge passage, that is, a melting zone of the magnetic material is mixed. And after a rapid cooling process, the magnetic material in the melting zone of the high-temperature molten state and the aluminum-based cooker release heat, and rapidly cool to form a magnetic conductive layer (5) [as shown in the third figure As shown, the magnetically conductive layer (5) can make the bottom of the aluminum-based pot (1) have a magnetic property.
E.對於該鋁基鍋具之導磁層進行表面處理。其係透過一研磨作業、一電鍍作業、一陽極處理作業或一微弧氧化作業，對於該鋁基鍋具(1)底部之導磁層(5)進行一表面處理，藉以修整該鋁基鍋具(1)之底部，使其可以保持美觀及平整。 E. Surface treatment of the magnetically conductive layer of the aluminum-based pot. The surface of the aluminum-based pot (1) is subjected to a surface treatment by a grinding operation, a plating operation, an anodizing operation or a micro-arc oxidation operation, thereby trimming the aluminum base pot. With the bottom of (1), it can be kept beautiful and flat.
本發明上述A至E之製造步驟，僅需花費5~10分鐘即可完成。並可達到節省工時、冷卻時間、成本、避免導磁層剝落及重量係輕於習知導磁鍋具等功效。本發明經由上述各個製作步驟，即可製造出一可吸收電磁波，以適合電磁爐加熱之鋁基鍋具(1)，並且可以使其於電磁爐加熱時之溫度更為傳導均勻，進而節省加熱時之能源損耗。 The manufacturing steps of the above A to E of the present invention can be completed in only 5 to 10 minutes. It can save the man-hour, cooling time, cost, avoid the magnetic layer peeling and the weight is lighter than the conventional magnetic cooker. According to the above various manufacturing steps, the present invention can produce an aluminum-based pot (1) which can absorb electromagnetic waves to be suitable for heating in an induction cooker, and can make the temperature of the induction cooker heated more uniformly, thereby saving heating. Energy loss.
又利用本發明上述步驟所製成之鋁基鍋具，經由電子微探分析儀(EPMA)以及掃描式電子顯微鏡裝配了數個波長分散式光譜儀(WDS)所照射取得之金相圖〔如第四圖所示〕，其中鐵、碳及鋁等成分之比例均勻分佈〔如 第四圖中編號1至4所示〕，係可證明其確實可以產生一具有弱磁性之導磁層，而導磁層以外的部位〔如第四圖中編號5所示〕則仍不具有磁性。 The aluminum-based pot made by the above steps of the present invention is equipped with a metallographic map obtained by irradiation of several wavelength-dispersive spectrometers (WDS) via an electronic micro-analyzer (EPMA) and a scanning electron microscope (eg, In the four figures, the ratio of iron, carbon and aluminum is evenly distributed [eg In the fourth figure, the numbers 1 to 4, it can be proved that it can actually produce a magnetically permeable layer with weak magnetic properties, and the portion other than the magnetic permeable layer (as indicated by the number 5 in the fourth figure) still does not have magnetic.
又再經由X光繞射分析法〔XRD〕，如第五圖所示，係顯示出該導磁層中所含有之成分種類。另再配合第六圖所示，係為在不同脈衝時間下所製造出來的鋁基鍋具所測得之磁滯曲線。藉以可證明本發明上述製造方法，係確實可以於該鋁基鍋具之底部表面產生一具有弱磁性之導磁層。 Further, through X-ray diffraction analysis [XRD], as shown in Fig. 5, the types of components contained in the magnetically permeable layer are shown. In addition, as shown in the sixth figure, it is the hysteresis curve measured by the aluminum-based cookware manufactured under different pulse times. Therefore, it can be proved that the above-mentioned manufacturing method of the present invention can produce a magnetically permeable layer having weak magnetic properties on the bottom surface of the aluminum-based pot.
惟，以上所述僅為本發明其中之一實施例，當不能以此限定本發明之申請專利保護範圍，舉凡依本發明之申請專利範圍及說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與替換，皆應仍屬於本發明申請專利範圍所涵蓋保護之範圍內。 However, the above description is only one of the embodiments of the present invention. When the scope of the patent application of the present invention is not limited thereto, the simple equivalent changes and substitutions made by the scope of the patent application and the contents of the specification of the present invention are It is still within the scope of the protection covered by the scope of the invention.
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| TWM249595U (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2004-11-11 | Cook Power Co Ltd | Multi-purpose non-sticky pot |
| CN1817275A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2006-08-16 | 程晓亮 | Pot with composite bottom and production thereof |
| US20100236919A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-09-23 | Jones Alami | High-Power Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering Process As Well As A High-Power Electrical Energy Source |
| CN102389266A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-03-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Pot for iron-aluminum combined induction cooker and manufacture method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-04-28 TW TW104113562A patent/TWI575119B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWM249595U (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2004-11-11 | Cook Power Co Ltd | Multi-purpose non-sticky pot |
| CN1817275A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2006-08-16 | 程晓亮 | Pot with composite bottom and production thereof |
| US20100236919A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-09-23 | Jones Alami | High-Power Pulsed Magnetron Sputtering Process As Well As A High-Power Electrical Energy Source |
| CN102389266A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-03-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Pot for iron-aluminum combined induction cooker and manufacture method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201638399A (en) | 2016-11-01 |
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