CN102818454A - Composite crucible with advantages of energy saving, low cost and capability of being alloyed - Google Patents
Composite crucible with advantages of energy saving, low cost and capability of being alloyed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102818454A CN102818454A CN2012102851108A CN201210285110A CN102818454A CN 102818454 A CN102818454 A CN 102818454A CN 2012102851108 A CN2012102851108 A CN 2012102851108A CN 201210285110 A CN201210285110 A CN 201210285110A CN 102818454 A CN102818454 A CN 102818454A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite crucible with advantages of energy saving, low cost and capability of being alloyed. The composite crucible consists of a high-temperature-resistant ceramic inner container and a graphite heating element on an outer layer, wherein the high-temperature-resistant ceramic inner container and the graphite heating element are in clearance fit. Compared with the prior art, the composite crucible disclosed by the invention has the characteristics that except that a metal material can sense to generate heat, the heating efficiency is increased by utilizing a graphite crucible as a first heating element; the contact between the melt material and the graphite crucible can be avoided and the stability of the carbon is maintained; and in addition, the melt material is microalloyed by selecting the crucible inner container made of a proper material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgy, field of material preparation; But the composite crucible that especially relates to a kind of energy-saving low cost alloying; Can be used for preparing the metal and the alloy material of high-melting-point and infusibility, comprise new special steel, stainless steel, tool steel and titanium, titanium alloy, zirconium, zircaloy etc.
Background technology
Along with development of science and technology, the very large breakthrough that various new materials are obtained in various fields, and obtained to use for example various exotic materials, novel light-alloy, high purity metal material or the like widely.The preparation method of these advanced materials is varied, and wherein vacuum induction melting is being brought into play more and more important effect.Induction furnace is to utilize electromagnetic induction principle, makes that alternating magnetic field produces the metal material that highdensity magnetic force line cutting holds in the induction coil, in metal material, produces very big eddy current a kind of heating equipment of material heating until fusing.It all is being used widely aspect the melting of various metals and alloy thereof and the heat treatment, has that heating is fast, loss is few, efficient is high, energy efficient, advantage such as easily is automated.。
At present in the commercial Application with the dystectic material of induction furnace melting for example the crucible of ferrous materials etc. select magnesia, calcium oxide, corundum crucible or graphite crucible mostly for use, wherein have only graphite crucible to conduct electricity.When adopting graphite as crucible; It can become first heater, the electric parameter in the time of can greatly improving metal induction heating, and the temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance owing to graphite is little simultaneously, permeability is permanent is 1; So the graphite crucible operating condition is stable; Almost overall process can reach rated power, has shortened smelting time widely, greatly strengthens the efficiency of heating surface, has practiced thrift the valuable energy.Though but graphite can be high temperature resistant; Still be mainly used in the non-ferrous metal field at present; To ferrous metal such as ferrous materials, influence its composition and quality owing to graphite can make rapid rising of carbon content in the iron and steel, and use the wall thickness of a crucible just to reduce nearly 1/3; Life-span is very of short duration, makes graphite crucible have only a little utilization in this field.If use nonconducting ceramic crucible, then can only let raw metal self as heater, the efficiency of heating surface is very low, and the time of thawing is long, and melting once needs the electric energy of labor usually, has increased many costs to commercial production, has wasted the energy.
Titanium is owing to chemical property under hot conditions is active, and the extraction of titanium or titanium alloy, melting are all very difficult, so the methods of using in the commercial production such as vacuum self-consumption electrode arc melting all expend huge.The vacuum induction melting of titanium or titanium alloy is a kind of very promising low energy consumption economizing type production method, can practice thrift mass energy effectively, enhance productivity, but can carburetting when being to use graphite crucible serious, greatly reduce properties of product.
Summary of the invention
But the object of the invention is exactly the composite crucible that the energy-saving low cost alloying of a kind of metal that is used to prepare high-melting-point and infusibility and alloy material is provided in order to overcome the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists; Both can be outside the heating of metal material autonomous induction; Utilize graphite crucible as first heater, the raising efficiency of heating surface; Can avoid the material of institute's melting to contact, keep the stable of carbon content with graphite crucible again, can also institute's melting material be carried out microalloying through the crucible inner bag of selecting suitable material for use.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical scheme:
But a kind of composite crucible of energy-saving low cost alloying is made up of the refractory ceramics inner bag and the outer field graphite heater of matched in clearance.
The ceramic material that described refractory ceramics inner bag adopts is aluminium oxide ceramics, magnesia ceramics, zirconia ceramics, yttrium or calcium oxide ceramics.
Can also fill between described refractory ceramics inner bag and the graphite heater increases heat conducting graphite powder.
Described refractory ceramics inner bag can also be the inner bag of the nested formation of thin-walled pottery.
Gap length between refractory ceramics inner bag and the graphite heater can be calculated by the thermal coefficient of expansion of graphite heater and ceramic liner and concrete crucible size.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) graphite can melt metal material rapidly as first heater, promotes the efficiency of heating surface greatly, saves a large amount of electric energy.
(2) can contact with graphite to stop metal material, avoid carbon content lifting in the metal material, prolong the life-span of graphite crucible.
(3) refractory ceramics inner bag that can be through selecting suitable material carries out microalloying to the metal material of institute's melting.
(4) preparation technology is simple, and can assemble replacing rapidly, can take out ceramic liner when the graphite crucible life-span expires and new graphite crucible assembles rapidly.
(5) thin-wall construction of refractory ceramics inner bag can be saved a lot of ceramic raw materials, and can recycle, and the bigger more raw materials of furnace cavity, melting also can be provided, and saves production cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention among the embodiment 2.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
But a kind of composite crucible of energy-saving low cost alloying, its structure is as shown in Figure 1, is made up of the refractory ceramics inner bag 1 and the outer field graphite heater 2 of matched in clearance.Wherein, Graphite heater 2 is as first heater of Medium frequency induction, and refractory ceramics inner bag 1 is the inner bag of the nested formation of thin-walled pottery, and the material of employing is an aluminium oxide ceramics; Protection graphite and raw metal do not come in contact, and can carry out microalloying to metal material.
When the special steel of rare earth element is rich in melting; 5Kg special steel raw material are positioned over composite crucible inside; Start the Medium frequency induction device, the power that uses 25kw melted the steel raw material fully through 26 minutes and is molten iron, adding 0.3Kg rare earth element ce; Through electromagnetic agitation, composition evenly after, the cooling of casting.Through constituent analysis and Metallographic Analysis and Mechanics Performance Testing, bigger variation does not take place in the armour steel carbon element content of gained, and crystal grain is tiny, and mechanical performance is good.
When using common magnesia crucible that this material is carried out melting, the thawing of 5kg special steel raw material for needing 40kw power, molten iron is continued heating 34 minutes.Composite crucible according to the invention energy-saving effect by comparison is obvious, saves energy about 50%.
If use graphite crucible that this material is carried out melting, carbon content sharply rises in the steel billet that then makes, and becomes steel scrap.
But a kind of composite crucible of energy-saving low cost alloying, its structure is as shown in Figure 2, is made up of the refractory ceramics inner bag 1 and the outer field graphite heater 2 of matched in clearance.Wherein, graphite heater 2 is as first heater of Medium frequency induction, and the material that refractory ceramics inner bag 1 adopts is a zirconia ceramics, and protection graphite and raw metal do not come in contact, and can carry out microalloying to metal material.
Melting 7000 is to be the ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy of main component with Al-Zn-Mg-Cu; Use zirconia to be the refractory ceramics inner bag; Through the smelting and pouring cooling; Through containing the Zr element of trace in the prepared ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy of constituent analysis, this aluminium alloy has been carried out microalloying, effectively improve quenching degree, solderability, fracture toughness, the anti-stress corrosion performance of this alloy.
Embodiment 3
But a kind of composite crucible of energy-saving low cost alloying is made up of the refractory ceramics inner bag and the outer field graphite heater of matched in clearance.Wherein, Graphite heater is as first heater of Medium frequency induction; The material that the refractory ceramics inner bag adopts is a yttrium; Protection graphite and raw metal do not come in contact, and can carry out microalloying to metal material, and the gap length between refractory ceramics inner bag and the graphite heater can be calculated by the thermal coefficient of expansion of graphite heater and ceramic liner and concrete crucible size; In addition, can also fill the heat conducting graphite powder of increase between refractory ceramics inner bag and the graphite heater.
Adopt process for vacuum induction smelting melting Aero-Space to use the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy with this composite crucible, adopt Y
2O
3Ceramic material is as the inner bag of composite crucible, and prepared blocks of material clarity and density are high, and end properties is good.And when adopting traditional consumable electrode arc furnace melting, its quality requirement to electrode is very high, and is also higher to ingredient requirement; During with electron beam furnace, plasma heating furnace melting, require power bigger, cost improves relatively.The formed molten bath of these method of smelting is more shallow, increases the molten bath volume and has also increased surface area, has correspondingly increased the volatilization loss of the higher element of vapour pressure, and this is unfavorable to the control alloying component.Therefore the energy and cost had both been practiced thrift in the application of composite crucible, had also promoted the quality of titanium alloy.
Claims (4)
1. but the composite crucible of an energy-saving low cost alloying is characterized in that, this composite crucible is made up of the refractory ceramics inner bag and the outer field graphite heater of matched in clearance.
2. but the composite crucible of a kind of energy-saving low cost alloying according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the ceramic material that described refractory ceramics inner bag adopts is aluminium oxide ceramics, magnesia ceramics, zirconia ceramics, yttrium or calcium oxide ceramics.
3. but the composite crucible of a kind of energy-saving low cost alloying according to claim 1 is characterized in that, can also fill between described refractory ceramics inner bag and the graphite heater increases heat conducting graphite powder.
4. but the composite crucible of a kind of energy-saving low cost alloying according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described refractory ceramics inner bag can also be the inner bag of the nested formation of thin-walled pottery.
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| CN2012102851108A CN102818454A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Composite crucible with advantages of energy saving, low cost and capability of being alloyed |
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| CN2012102851108A CN102818454A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Composite crucible with advantages of energy saving, low cost and capability of being alloyed |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109202062A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-15 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of Al-Mg-Li-Sc-Zr Al alloy powder and preparation method thereof for increasing material manufacturing |
| CN111154996A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-05-15 | 辽宁工业大学 | Preparation method and device of titanium-aluminum alloy gamma-TiAl |
| CN111304597A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 北京首量科技股份有限公司 | Graphite crucible |
| CN113088869A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 哈尔滨化兴软控科技有限公司 | Preparation method of tantalum carbide sheet |
| CN113776334A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-10 | 郑州荣盛窑炉耐火材料有限公司 | Composite crucible for non-ferrous metal smelting |
| CN114410994A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 北京科技大学 | Based on CaO-MgO-Al2O3Method for smelting nickel-based high-temperature alloy by using refractory material |
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| DE4117470A1 (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1992-01-30 | Francesco Pedrazzini | Melting crucible construction for induction melting pure titanium - produces molten titanium which flows easily and does not stick to nor react with the vessel |
| CN1808035A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2006-07-26 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Composite crucible for preparing rare earth-magnesium intermediate alloy by molten salt electrolysis and preparation method thereof |
| CN2901208Y (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-05-16 | 山东理工大学 | Continuous cast composite crucible |
| CN101636015A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | 西北工业大学 | High temperature gradient low melt flow electromagnetic induction heating device |
| CN201885567U (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-06-29 | 浙江佳博科技股份有限公司 | Graphite melting crucible with built-in ceramic crucible |
| CN202201794U (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-04-25 | 南通晶鑫光学玻璃有限公司 | Crucible |
| CN202347126U (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-07-25 | 重庆四联光电科技有限公司 | Double-crucible induction heating furnace |
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2012
- 2012-08-10 CN CN2012102851108A patent/CN102818454A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE4117470A1 (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1992-01-30 | Francesco Pedrazzini | Melting crucible construction for induction melting pure titanium - produces molten titanium which flows easily and does not stick to nor react with the vessel |
| CN1808035A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2006-07-26 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Composite crucible for preparing rare earth-magnesium intermediate alloy by molten salt electrolysis and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101636015A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | 西北工业大学 | High temperature gradient low melt flow electromagnetic induction heating device |
| CN201885567U (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-06-29 | 浙江佳博科技股份有限公司 | Graphite melting crucible with built-in ceramic crucible |
| CN202201794U (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-04-25 | 南通晶鑫光学玻璃有限公司 | Crucible |
| CN202347126U (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-07-25 | 重庆四联光电科技有限公司 | Double-crucible induction heating furnace |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109202062A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-15 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of Al-Mg-Li-Sc-Zr Al alloy powder and preparation method thereof for increasing material manufacturing |
| CN111304597A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 北京首量科技股份有限公司 | Graphite crucible |
| CN111154996A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-05-15 | 辽宁工业大学 | Preparation method and device of titanium-aluminum alloy gamma-TiAl |
| CN113088869A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 哈尔滨化兴软控科技有限公司 | Preparation method of tantalum carbide sheet |
| CN113776334A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-10 | 郑州荣盛窑炉耐火材料有限公司 | Composite crucible for non-ferrous metal smelting |
| CN114410994A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 北京科技大学 | Based on CaO-MgO-Al2O3Method for smelting nickel-based high-temperature alloy by using refractory material |
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Application publication date: 20121212 |