TWI568810B - Composite cooling coating and its making method - Google Patents
Composite cooling coating and its making method Download PDFInfo
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本發明係有關一種複合降溫塗裝，尤指一種同時兼具熱反射、熱輻射以及熱對流之三重複合降溫功能的複合降溫塗裝及其製作方法。 The invention relates to a composite cooling coating, in particular to a composite cooling coating which simultaneously has the triple composite cooling function of heat reflection, heat radiation and heat convection, and a manufacturing method thereof.
屋外型機箱受到機箱內部的發熱電子元件及環境日照的雙重影響，致使箱體內部產生的熱量大，若無法即時散熱，將加速電子元件的老化損壞，導致機箱設備之運作失效與當機，再加上台灣夏季日照強烈，屋外型機箱的內部即使已經安裝散熱風扇，機箱內的溫度仍然經常超過50℃，因此，業界亟需要一種可以有效降低屋外型機箱熱負荷的方法。 The external enclosure is affected by the heat electronic components inside the enclosure and the sunshine of the environment. As a result, the heat generated inside the enclosure is large. If it cannot be dissipated immediately, it will accelerate the aging damage of the electronic components, resulting in failure and failure of the operation of the chassis equipment. In addition, there is a strong summer sunshine in Taiwan. Even if a cooling fan is installed inside the outdoor cabinet, the temperature inside the chassis often exceeds 50 °C. Therefore, the industry needs a method that can effectively reduce the thermal load of the outdoor chassis.
隔熱塗料具有隔熱效果顯著和使用方便等優點，可廣泛地應用於建築、農業倉儲、石化儲罐和運輸載具，一般的隔熱塗料可以依據其隔熱的機制，區分為反射型隔熱塗料、輻射型隔熱塗料及阻隔型隔熱塗料，而太陽的輻射光譜主要可區分為三部分：(一)紫外線區，波長為0.2~0.4μm，占太陽輻射能量的5%；(二)可見光區，波長為0.4~0.72μm，占太陽輻射能量的45%；(三)近紅外線區，波長為0.72~2.5μm，占太陽輻射能量的50%。 Insulation coatings have the advantages of obvious heat insulation effect and convenient use. They can be widely used in construction, agricultural storage, petrochemical storage tanks and transportation vehicles. The general thermal insulation coating can be divided into reflective partitions according to the mechanism of heat insulation. Thermal coatings, radiant heat-insulating coatings and barrier-type thermal insulation coatings, and the solar radiation spectrum can be mainly divided into three parts: (1) ultraviolet region with a wavelength of 0.2-0.4 μm , accounting for 5% of solar radiation energy; b) The visible light region has a wavelength of 0.4 to 0.72 μm , which accounts for 45% of the solar radiation energy; and (3) the near-infrared region has a wavelength of 0.72 to 2.5 μm , which accounts for 50% of the solar radiation energy.
反射型隔熱塗料係利用特殊顏料及功能性填料的高反射率，將可見光及近紅外線區域的陽光大量反射回去，藉由減少吸收太陽輻射能量而達到降低塗裝物件的溫度。 Reflective thermal insulation coatings use a high reflectivity of special pigments and functional fillers to reflect large amounts of sunlight in the visible and near-infrared regions, and reduce the temperature of the coated objects by reducing the absorption of solar radiation energy.
大氣環境在8~13.5μm波長範圍內的透明度很高，稱為“大氣窗口"，地面上物體的熱輻射可以直接穿過大氣窗口而達到輻射散熱的效果，輻射型隔熱塗料即是一種能够在上述波長範圍內，藉由發射率高的多種金屬氧化物之顏填料，以紅外線輻射方式將物體蓄熱發散的塗料。 The atmospheric environment has a high transparency in the wavelength range of 8~13.5 μm , which is called “atmospheric window”. The heat radiation of objects on the ground can directly pass through the atmospheric window to achieve the effect of radiating heat. The radiation type thermal insulation coating is a kind A coating capable of accumulating and dispersing an object by infrared radiation in the above-mentioned wavelength range by a plurality of metal oxide pigments having a high emissivity.
阻隔型隔熱塗料是通過塗料自身的高熱阻來實現隔熱的一種塗料，通常是將低密度、氣孔率高、含水率小的骨料加入黏結劑中而形成，塗層厚度一般需要5~20mm經過充分乾燥固化後才能阻擋熱流傳遞。 Barrier-type heat-insulating coatings are ones that achieve thermal insulation by the high thermal resistance of the coating itself. Usually, low-density, high-porosity and low-water-cement aggregates are added to the binder. The thickness of the coating generally needs 5~ 20mm is fully dried and solidified to block heat transfer.
上述三種隔熱塗料各有優缺點與應用侷限性，對於內置電子主動元件的屋外型機箱而言，需要即時散發機箱內部主動元件產生及累積的蓄熱，因此不適合使用阻擋熱流傳遞的阻隔型隔熱塗料，承上，反射型隔熱塗料雖然可以藉由反射功能而阻隔太陽熱能，但是缺乏足夠的紅外線輻射散熱能力，亦不能有效的解決機箱內部的蓄熱問題，另外，輻射型隔熱塗料雖然能夠散發機箱的蓄熱，然而，根據基爾霍夫(Kirchhoff)輻射定律，在一定溫度下，材料的輻射能力愈大，其吸收能力也愈大，故而，在強烈日照的戶外環境中，輻射型隔熱塗料的遠紅外散熱與近紅外吸熱反應會同時產生，因而降低其近紅外熱反射效果，同理，一般的複合型隔熱塗料係在同一塗料中混合加入熱反射型物質與紅外輻射發射率較高的物質，雖然可以同時產生反射隔熱與輻射降溫功能，另一方面卻也會造成近紅外熱反射率的下降而影響塗料的綜合降溫效果。 Each of the above three types of heat-insulating coatings has its own advantages and disadvantages and application limitations. For an outdoor-type chassis with built-in electronic active components, it is necessary to immediately distribute the accumulated heat generated by the active components inside the chassis, so it is not suitable for the use of barrier-type heat insulation that blocks heat transfer. Paints, substrates, and reflective heat-insulating coatings can block solar heat energy by reflecting function, but lack sufficient infrared radiation heat dissipation capability, and can not effectively solve the problem of heat storage inside the chassis. In addition, radiation-type heat insulation coatings can The heat storage of the chassis is distributed. However, according to Kirchhoff's law of radiation, the greater the radiation capacity of the material at a certain temperature, the greater its absorption capacity. Therefore, in the outdoor environment with strong sunlight, the radiation type is separated. The far-infrared heat dissipation and near-infrared endothermic reaction of the thermal paint will be produced at the same time, thus reducing the near-infrared heat reflection effect. Similarly, the general composite heat-insulating coating is mixed with the heat-reflecting substance and the infrared radiation emissivity in the same paint. Higher substance, although it can simultaneously produce reflective heat insulation and radiation cooling function, On the one hand it will cause a decline in the near infrared reflectance affect the overall cooling effect coatings.
由此可見，上述習用的各種隔熱塗料技術仍有諸多缺失，實非一良善之設計者，而亟待加以改良，有鑑於此，業界需要一種能够充分發揮多種散熱機制的塗裝，為此，本發明乃針對上述需求，積極研究加以 改良創新，終於突破傳統舊有之隔熱塗裝結構，研發完成本件複合降溫塗裝及其製作方法。 It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings in the various thermal insulation coating technologies mentioned above, which are not a good designer, and need to be improved. In view of this, the industry needs a coating that can fully utilize various heat dissipation mechanisms. The present invention is directed to the above needs and actively studies Improvement and innovation, finally break through the traditional old thermal insulation coating structure, research and development of this composite cooling coating and its production methods.
本發明之主要目的係在於提供一種具備優異的熱反射性能、熱傳導及熱輻射性能，能夠發揮良好的冷卻效果之複合降溫塗裝及其製作方法。 The main object of the present invention is to provide a composite cooling coating which has excellent heat reflection performance, heat conduction and heat radiation performance, and which can exhibit a good cooling effect, and a production method thereof.
本發明之次要目的係在於提供一種同時具備熱反射、熱輻射與熱對流之三重降溫功能的複合降溫塗裝及其製作方法。 A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a composite cooling coating having a triple cooling function of heat reflection, heat radiation and heat convection, and a manufacturing method thereof.
本發明之又一目的係在於提供一種可阻擋外界陽光的熱傳遞至機箱內部，並可發散機箱內部的蓄熱，有效降低屋外型機箱所承受的內外雙重熱負荷之複合降溫塗裝及其製作方法。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a composite cooling coating capable of blocking the heat transfer from the outside sunlight to the inside of the chassis, and dissipating the heat storage inside the chassis, thereby effectively reducing the internal and external double thermal loads of the outdoor enclosure and the manufacturing method thereof. .
本發明之複合降溫塗裝及其製作方法，其包含有一輻射冷卻層以及一反射隔熱層，該反射隔熱層係形成於該輻射冷卻層的上方，且於該反射隔熱層設有複數個開口輻射腔，藉以產生熱反射、熱輻射以及熱對流之三重複合降溫功能。 The composite cooling coating of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising a radiant cooling layer and a reflective heat insulating layer, wherein the reflective heat insulating layer is formed above the radiant cooling layer, and the reflective heat insulating layer is provided with plural An open radiant cavity is used to generate a triple composite cooling function of heat reflection, heat radiation and heat convection.
其中，輻射冷卻層的組合物，包括一紅外輻射體，其佔該輻射冷卻層總成分的50wt%至60wt%之間；一片狀填充料，其佔該輻射冷卻層總成分的5wt%至15wt%之間；以及一高分子黏結劑，其佔該輻射冷卻層總成分的25wt%至45wt%之間；該紅外輻射體選自碳化物、氮化物或其組成，其熱導係數至少大於100W/m.k，其在8~13.5μm大氣窗口波長範圍內的紅外輻射率至少大於93%；該片狀填充料選自片狀碳材，其熱導係數至少大於100W/m.k，而且其在8~13.5μm大氣窗口波長範圍內的紅外輻射率至少大於 90%，該輻射冷卻層中，高分子黏結劑會將熱導係數非常高的紅外輻射體以及片狀填充料相互聯結，形成連貫的導熱及輻射網絡，藉此，能夠快速傳遞與散發熱量，達到優良的輻射冷卻效果。 Wherein the composition of the radiant cooling layer comprises an infrared radiator, which comprises between 50% and 60% by weight of the total composition of the radiant cooling layer; and a piece of filler which occupies 5% by weight of the total composition of the radiant cooling layer. And 15% by weight; and a polymer binder, which is between 25 wt% and 45 wt% of the total composition of the radiant cooling layer; the infrared radiator is selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides or a composition thereof, and the thermal conductivity is at least greater than 100W/mk, the infrared radiance of the atmospheric window wavelength range of 8~13.5μm is at least greater than 93%; the sheet filler is selected from the sheet carbon material, the thermal conductivity is at least greater than 100W/mk, and it is at 8 The infrared radiance in the wavelength range of ~13.5μm atmospheric window is at least greater than 90%, in the radiant cooling layer, the polymer binder connects the infrared radiator with high thermal conductivity and the sheet filler to form a coherent heat conduction and radiation network, thereby rapidly transmitting and dissipating heat. Achieve excellent radiation cooling.
該反射隔熱層的組合物，包括一固體填充物，其佔該反射隔熱層總成分的30wt%至60wt%之間；以及一樹脂，其佔該反射隔熱層總成分的40wt%至70wt%之間；所述固體填充物包括複數個反射粉體及複數個奈米金屬片，在上述反射隔熱層中，奈米金屬片具有比一般金屬粉體更大的徑厚比，因此能夠水平懸浮於樹脂中以產生良好的鏡面反射效果，當太陽光照射反射隔熱層時，藉由反射粉體及奈米金屬片產生的直接反射及多次反射，可提升反射隔熱層的反射率至少大於95%。 The composition of the reflective heat insulation layer comprises a solid filler which accounts for between 30% and 60% by weight of the total composition of the reflective heat insulating layer; and a resin which accounts for 40% by weight of the total composition of the reflective heat insulating layer. 70 wt%; the solid filler comprises a plurality of reflective powders and a plurality of nano metal sheets, wherein in the reflective heat insulating layer, the nano metal sheets have a larger aspect ratio than the general metal powders, It can be suspended horizontally in the resin to produce a good specular reflection effect. When the sunlight illuminates the reflective heat insulation layer, the direct reflection and multiple reflections generated by the reflective powder and the nano metal sheet can enhance the reflective heat insulation layer. The reflectance is at least greater than 95%.
本發明之複合降溫塗裝為了達到熱輻射以及熱對流之目的，再於上述之反射隔熱層設有複數個開口輻射腔；所述開口輻射腔的開口率以10%至40%為宜，當低於10%將會阻礙熱輻射量而降低降溫效能，反之，當大於40%則將減少熱反射量並且吸收過多的可見光及近紅外光而降低降溫效能，又，所述開口輻射腔的孔徑以10mm至30mm為宜，低於10mm則將降低熱對流效率，反之，大於30mm則同樣亦將降低熱對流效率均不理想。 The composite cooling coating of the present invention is provided with a plurality of open radiation chambers for the purpose of achieving heat radiation and heat convection, and the opening radiation chamber has an aperture ratio of 10% to 40%. When less than 10% will hinder the amount of heat radiation and reduce the cooling efficiency. Conversely, when it is more than 40%, the amount of heat reflection will be reduced and excessive visible light and near-infrared light will be absorbed to reduce the cooling efficiency. The aperture is preferably 10mm to 30mm, and less than 10mm will reduce the heat convection efficiency. Conversely, if it is greater than 30mm, the thermal convection efficiency will also be reduced.
10‧‧‧基材 10‧‧‧Substrate
100‧‧‧複合降溫塗裝 100‧‧‧Composite cooling coating
120‧‧‧輻射冷卻層 120‧‧‧radiation cooling layer
122‧‧‧紅外輻射體 122‧‧‧Infrared radiator
124‧‧‧片狀填充料 124‧‧‧Flake filling
126‧‧‧高分子黏結劑 126‧‧‧ Polymer Adhesive
140‧‧‧反射隔熱層 140‧‧‧Reflective insulation
142‧‧‧反射粉體 142‧‧‧Reflecting powder
144‧‧‧奈米金屬片 144‧‧‧Nano metal sheet
146‧‧‧樹脂 146‧‧‧Resin
160‧‧‧開口輻射腔 160‧‧‧Opening cavity
A‧‧‧熱反射途徑 A‧‧‧Heat reflex pathway
B‧‧‧熱輻射途徑 B‧‧‧thermal radiation pathway
C‧‧‧熱對流途徑 C‧‧‧thermal convection
D‧‧‧蓄熱 D‧‧‧heat storage
第1圖係本發明複合降溫塗裝之示意圖；第2圖係本發明輻射冷卻層之放大示意圖；第3圖係本發明反射隔熱層之放大示意圖；第4圖係本發明反射隔熱層之立體示意圖；第5圖係本發明一比較例與一實施例在日照試驗中的溫度與日照時間之關 係圖。 1 is a schematic view of a composite cooling coating of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a radiation cooling layer of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a reflective heat insulating layer of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a reflective insulating layer of the present invention; Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the temperature and sunshine time in a sunshine test according to a comparative example and an embodiment of the present invention. Diagram.
請參閱第1圖，本發明之複合降溫塗裝100係施作於一基材10上，該基材10為金屬、非金屬或其混合物(例如是金屬板、混凝土牆面或水泥地板)，該複合降溫塗裝100組成包括輻射冷卻層120、反射隔熱層140及開口輻射腔160，該反射隔熱層140係形成於該輻射冷卻層120的上方，且於該反射隔熱層140設置有複數個開口輻射腔160，該複合降溫塗裝100藉由反射隔熱層140之熱反射途徑A，能夠阻隔大部份的太陽輻射能被基材10吸收，另外，該複合降溫塗裝100透過開口輻射腔160之熱輻射途徑B，能夠散發基材10上的蓄熱D，又，由於輻射冷卻層120與反射隔熱層140之間的溫差，開口輻射腔160可以經由熱對流途徑C而協助輻射冷卻層120的散熱效果，加速冷卻基材10。 Referring to FIG. 1 , the composite cooling coating 100 of the present invention is applied to a substrate 10 which is a metal, a non-metal or a mixture thereof (for example, a metal plate, a concrete wall or a cement floor). The composite cooling coating 100 comprises a radiant cooling layer 120, a reflective insulating layer 140 and an open radiant cavity 160. The reflective insulating layer 140 is formed above the radiant cooling layer 120 and disposed on the reflective insulating layer 140. There is a plurality of open radiant cavities 160. The composite cooling coating 100 can block most of the solar radiation from being absorbed by the substrate 10 by reflecting the heat reflection path A of the heat insulating layer 140. In addition, the composite cooling coating 100 The heat storage path D on the substrate 10 can be dissipated through the thermal radiation path B of the opening radiant cavity 160. Further, due to the temperature difference between the radiant cooling layer 120 and the reflective insulating layer 140, the open radiant cavity 160 can be via the thermal convection path C. The heat dissipation effect of the radiant cooling layer 120 is assisted, and the substrate 10 is accelerated to be cooled.
請參閱第2圖，該輻射冷卻層120具有複數個紅外輻射體122、複數個片狀填充料124及高分子黏結劑126，雖然第2圖之紅外輻射體122之形狀係繪示為球體，然而 亦可以是不規則形狀，並不侷限為球體。 Referring to FIG. 2, the radiant cooling layer 120 has a plurality of infrared radiators 122, a plurality of sheet fillers 124, and a polymer binder 126. Although the shape of the infrared radiator 122 in FIG. 2 is a sphere, However, it can also be an irregular shape and is not limited to a sphere.
在一較佳實施例中，上述紅外輻射體122較佳係奈米級的粉體，且可以是例如碳化矽(SiC)、氮化鋁(AlN)的奈米粉體或其組合，且其佔該輻射冷卻層120總成分的55wt%，上述紅外輻射體122的熱導係數至少大於100W/m.k，且其在8~13.5μm大氣窗口波長範圍內的紅外輻射率至少大於93%，藉由紅外輻射體122的奈米化，可有效提高輻射冷卻層120的輻射散熱功能。 In a preferred embodiment, the infrared radiator 122 is preferably a nano-sized powder, and may be a nano-powder such as tantalum carbide (SiC) or aluminum nitride (AlN), or a combination thereof, and 55wt% of the total composition of the radiant cooling layer 120, the thermal conductivity of the infrared radiator 122 is at least greater than 100W/mk, and the infrared radiance in the atmospheric window wavelength range of 8~13.5μm is at least greater than 93%, by infrared The nano-crystallization of the radiator 122 can effectively improve the radiation heat dissipation function of the radiant cooling layer 120.
熟習此技藝者所熟知，一般高分子材料的熱導係數低於 0.5W/m.k，若是加入金屬粉體作為導熱填料，則能夠有效提高其熱導係數到達10W/m.k以上，然而，一般金屬粉體填料的紅外輻射率往往低於75%，不可避免的，必定會降低高分子材料的紅外輻射性能，為此，本發明之複合降溫塗裝係利用兼具高導熱性及高輻射性的片狀碳材作為片狀填充料124，藉以提升輻射冷卻層120的性能，在一較佳實施例中，上述片狀填充料124較佳例如是片狀竹碳粉、片狀石墨粉或其組合，其佔該輻射冷卻層120總成分的10wt%，且其熱導係數至少大於100W/m.k，且其具有10~20μm粒徑，且其厚度為0.1~0.2μm，上述片狀填充料124可以增大與高分子黏結劑126的接觸面積，而且在相同的填充量狀態，比顆粒狀填充料更容易相互接觸而形成一連續性的熱傳導網絡，因此可以有效提升輻射冷卻層120將蓄熱D傳送至外界的熱傳導能力，此外，上述片狀填充料124在8~13.5μm大氣窗口波長範圍內的紅外輻射率至少大於90%，能夠使輻射冷卻層120同時具有良好的熱傳導及熱輻射功能。 As is well known to those skilled in the art, the thermal conductivity of general polymer materials is less than 0.5 W/mk. If metal powder is added as a heat conductive filler, the thermal conductivity coefficient can be increased to more than 10 W/mk. However, general metal powder The infrared radiance of the bulk filler is often less than 75%, which inevitably reduces the infrared radiation performance of the polymer material. For this reason, the composite cooling coating system of the present invention utilizes a sheet having high thermal conductivity and high radiation. The carbon material is used as the sheet filler 124 to enhance the performance of the radiant cooling layer 120. In a preferred embodiment, the sheet filler 124 is preferably, for example, a sheet of bamboo carbon powder, a flake graphite powder or a combination thereof. , which accounts for 10% by weight of the total composition of the radiant cooling layer 120, and has a thermal conductivity of at least 100 W/mk, and has a particle diameter of 10 to 20 μm , and a thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 μm . The material 124 can increase the contact area with the polymer binder 126, and in the same filling state, it is easier to contact each other than the particulate filler to form a continuous heat conduction network, so that the radiant cooling layer 120 can be effectively improved. Save D transmits the heat transfer capability to the outside. In addition, the above-mentioned sheet filler 124 has an infrared radiance of at least 90% in the atmospheric window wavelength range of 8 to 13.5 μm, so that the radiant cooling layer 120 has good heat conduction and heat radiation functions at the same time. .
在一較佳實施例中，上述高分子黏結劑126較佳例如是環氧樹脂、聚酯樹脂或橡膠，且其在8~13.5μm大氣窗口波長範圍內的紅外輻射率至少大於94%，藉之，上述紅外輻射體122及片狀填充料124能夠相互聯結而形成連貫的導熱及輻射網絡，使輻射冷卻層120達成快速傳遞熱量與輻射熱量的雙重效果。 In a preferred embodiment, the polymer binder 126 is preferably an epoxy resin, a polyester resin or a rubber, and has an infrared radiance of at least 94% in an atmospheric window wavelength range of 8 to 13.5 μm. The infrared radiator 122 and the sheet filler 124 can be coupled to each other to form a continuous heat conduction and radiation network, so that the radiation cooling layer 120 achieves the dual effects of rapidly transferring heat and radiating heat.
請參閱第3圖，該反射隔熱層140具有複數個反射粉體142、複數個奈米金屬片144及樹脂146，反射粉體142係選自折射率較高的物質，藉由增大反射粉體142與樹脂146之間的折射率差異，可有效提升反射隔熱層140對於入射光的反射能力，奈米金屬片144係選自奈米尺寸的片狀金屬 粉，由於其質量輕且厚度薄，具有較大的徑厚比，能夠水平懸浮於樹脂中而避免發生傾斜懸浮、垂直分佈或沉聚等不利於光反射的現象，因而產生高效率的鏡面反射作用，藉由反射粉體142及奈米金屬片144共同產生的直接反射及多次反射，同時利用材料的折射率差異與鏡面反射兩種光反射機制，可提升反射隔熱層140的反射率至少大於95%。 Referring to FIG. 3, the reflective heat insulating layer 140 has a plurality of reflective powders 142, a plurality of nano metal sheets 144, and a resin 146. The reflective powder 142 is selected from a substance having a higher refractive index by increasing reflection. The difference in refractive index between the powder 142 and the resin 146 can effectively improve the reflection ability of the reflective heat insulating layer 140 for incident light, and the nano metal sheet 144 is selected from a sheet metal of a nanometer size. Powder, due to its light weight and thin thickness, has a large aspect ratio, can be suspended horizontally in the resin to avoid the phenomenon of oblique suspension, vertical distribution or sinking, which is not conducive to light reflection, thus producing high-efficiency specular reflection. The direct reflection and the multiple reflection jointly produced by the reflective powder 142 and the nano metal sheet 144, and the reflectance of the reflective heat insulating layer 140 can be improved by utilizing the refractive index difference of the material and the specular reflection. At least greater than 95%.
雖然第3圖之反射粉體142之形狀係繪示為實心球體，然而，亦可以是中空結構或其它形狀的顆粒，並不侷限為實心球體，上述反射粉體142可以是二氧化鈦、雲母、二氧化矽、碳酸鈣，在一較佳實施例中，上述反射粉體142較佳例如是金紅石型態之二氧化鈦(TiO2)顆粒，且其折射率為2.75左右，且其佔該反射隔熱層140總成分的35wt%。 Although the shape of the reflective powder 142 in FIG. 3 is shown as a solid sphere, it may be a hollow structure or other shaped particles, and is not limited to a solid sphere. The reflective powder 142 may be titanium dioxide, mica, or In a preferred embodiment, the reflective powder 142 is preferably rutile type titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles, and has a refractive index of about 2.75, and the reflection heat insulation The layer 140 has a total composition of 35 wt%.
上述奈米金屬片144可以選自片狀的鋁、鋅、銅、鎳、鈷、鉻、鐵或其組合，在一較佳實施例中，上述奈米金屬片144較佳例如是片狀鋁粉，且其具有100~300nm粒徑，且其厚度為20~40nm，且其佔該反射隔熱層140總成分的15wt%。 The above-mentioned nano metal sheet 144 may be selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, chromium, iron or a combination thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned nano metal sheet 144 is preferably, for example, a sheet of aluminum. The powder has a particle diameter of 100 to 300 nm and a thickness of 20 to 40 nm, and it accounts for 15% by weight of the total composition of the reflective heat insulating layer 140.
請參閱第4圖，該反射隔熱層140設有複數個開口輻射腔160，一方面將下方的輻射冷卻層120的熱量以輻射的方式發散，另一方面則利用反射隔熱層140與輻射冷卻層120之間的溫度差異，使輻射腔內的空氣產生自然對流，以提升複合降溫塗裝的散熱效果。 Referring to FIG. 4, the reflective heat insulating layer 140 is provided with a plurality of open radiating cavities 160 for radiating heat of the lower radiant cooling layer 120 on the one hand, and using the reflective insulating layer 140 and radiation on the other hand. The difference in temperature between the cooling layers 120 causes natural convection of the air in the radiation chamber to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the composite cooling coating.
當開口輻射腔160的孔徑太小時，輻射腔內的空氣被侷限在一微小區域，不易產生自然對流，反之，當開口輻射腔160的孔徑太大時，將縮小反射隔熱層140與輻射冷卻層120之間的溫度差異，亦不利於自然對流，雖然第4圖之開口輻射腔160之形狀係繪示為方形，然而，亦可以是圓 形或其它形狀，在一較佳實施例中，上述開口輻射腔160的孔徑較佳例如是15~25mm之方形或圓形。 When the aperture of the opening radiant cavity 160 is too small, the air in the radiant cavity is confined to a small area, and natural convection is not easily generated. Conversely, when the aperture of the radiant cavity 160 is too large, the reflective insulating layer 140 and the radiant cooling are reduced. The temperature difference between the layers 120 is also unfavorable for natural convection. Although the shape of the open radiant cavity 160 of Fig. 4 is shown as a square, it may also be a circle. Shape or other shape, in a preferred embodiment, the aperture of the open cavity 160 is preferably, for example, a square or circular shape of 15 to 25 mm.
上述開口輻射腔160的開口率太低時，將會降低輻射冷卻層120將熱量向外界輻射的能力，反之，當開口輻射腔160的開口率太高時，則會減少反射隔熱層140的陽光反射量，在一較佳實施例中，上述開口輻射腔160的開口率較佳例如是25~35%。 When the aperture ratio of the open radiant cavity 160 is too low, the ability of the radiant cooling layer 120 to radiate heat to the outside is reduced. Conversely, when the aperture ratio of the open radiant cavity 160 is too high, the reflective insulating layer 140 is reduced. The amount of sunlight reflected, in a preferred embodiment, the aperture ratio of the open cavity 160 is preferably, for example, 25 to 35%.
使本技藝人士更清楚本發明之特徵，特舉例於下述之實施例，但應瞭解的是，下述之實施例僅為例示說明之用，而不應被解釋為本發明實施例之限制。 The features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art of the present invention. .
實施例1：複合降溫塗裝的製作 Example 1: Production of composite cooling coating
在第1圖中，提供一基材10，首先，將55wt%(以輻射冷卻塗料的總重成為基準)的碳化矽(SiC)奈米粉體、10wt%的片狀竹碳粉與35wt%的環氧樹脂置於一容器中，進行混合攪拌約30分鐘，以製備一輻射冷卻塗料，然後，將上述製備的輻射冷卻塗料高壓噴塗於上述基材的上方，以形成一厚度介於0.15至0.2mm之間的輻射冷卻層120。 In Fig. 1, a substrate 10 is provided, first, 55 wt% (based on the total weight of the radiant cooling coating) of cerium carbide (SiC) nanopowder, 10 wt% of flaky bamboo carbon powder and 35 wt% The epoxy resin is placed in a container and mixed for about 30 minutes to prepare a radiant cooling coating. Then, the radiant cooling coating prepared above is sprayed under high pressure on the substrate to form a thickness of 0.15 to 0.2. The radiant cooling layer 120 between mm.
接著，將35wt%(以反射隔熱塗料的總重成為基準)的金紅石型態之二氧化鈦粉體、15wt%的奈米片狀鋁粉與50wt%的水性丙烯酸樹脂(Acrylic resin)置於一容器中，進行混合攪拌約40分鐘，以製備一反射隔熱塗料，待輻射冷卻層120已達到指乾的程度之後，將上述製備的反射隔熱塗料以刷塗或噴塗的方式塗佈於輻射冷卻層120之上，以形成一厚度介於0.2至0.25mm之間的反射隔熱層140，上述反射隔熱塗料的刷塗作業可以採用垂直交錯刷塗的方式進行，例如，令平行相鄰的兩道刷漆之間的距離保持為 20mm，則能夠形成孔徑為20mm的正方形開口輻射腔，經由調整開口輻射腔的總面積與反射隔熱層的刷塗面積之間的比例，就能夠控制其開口率，本實施例之開口輻射腔160為孔徑20mm的正方形，且其開口率為30%。 Next, 35 wt% (based on the total weight of the reflective heat insulating coating) of rutile type titanium dioxide powder, 15 wt% of nano-flaky aluminum powder and 50 wt% of aqueous acrylic resin (Acrylic resin) were placed in one In the container, mixing and stirring is carried out for about 40 minutes to prepare a reflective heat insulating coating. After the radiation cooling layer 120 has reached the level of dryness, the reflective heat insulating coating prepared above is applied to the radiation by brushing or spraying. Above the cooling layer 120, to form a reflective thermal insulation layer 140 having a thickness of between 0.2 and 0.25 mm, the brushing operation of the reflective thermal insulation coating can be performed by vertical staggered brushing, for example, parallel adjacent The distance between the two paints remains 20mm, it is possible to form a square opening radiation cavity with a hole diameter of 20mm. By adjusting the ratio between the total area of the radiation cavity and the brushing area of the reflective heat insulation layer, the aperture ratio can be controlled, and the opening radiation cavity of this embodiment can be controlled. 160 is a square having a hole diameter of 20 mm, and its opening ratio is 30%.
另外，上述反射隔熱層140也可以採用高壓噴塗方式形成，例如，先將複數個邊長為20mm的正方形遮罩(Mask)安置於輻射冷卻層120的表面，再將反射隔熱塗料噴塗於輻射冷卻層120之上，然後將上述該正方形遮罩取下，即可形成具有複數個孔徑為20mm的正方形開口輻射腔之反射隔熱層，結合上述之反射隔熱層140與輻射冷卻層120，即形成本發明之複合降溫塗裝100。 In addition, the reflective heat insulating layer 140 may also be formed by high pressure spraying. For example, a plurality of square masks having a side length of 20 mm are first disposed on the surface of the radiant cooling layer 120, and the reflective heat insulating coating is sprayed on the surface. Above the radiant cooling layer 120, the square mask is removed to form a reflective insulating layer having a plurality of square open radiating cavities having a diameter of 20 mm, in combination with the reflective insulating layer 140 and the radiant cooling layer 120. That is, the composite cooling coating 100 of the present invention is formed.
在上述複合降溫塗裝中，上層的反射隔熱層對於太陽光具有高反射率，能夠防止太陽熱能進入基材，底層的輻射冷卻層則具有高輻射散熱能力，允許將蓄熱有效地輻射出去而產生冷卻基材的效果，再加上開口輻射腔產生的空氣自然對流，因此，結合反射隔熱層與輻射冷卻層，得以實現極佳的降溫效果。 In the above composite cooling coating, the upper reflective heat insulation layer has high reflectivity for sunlight, and can prevent solar heat from entering the substrate, and the bottom radiant cooling layer has high radiation heat dissipation capability, allowing the heat storage to be efficiently radiated. The effect of cooling the substrate, together with the natural convection of the air generated by the open radiant cavity, combines the reflective insulating layer with the radiant cooling layer to achieve an excellent cooling effect.
實施例2：複合降溫塗裝的日照試驗 Example 2: Sunlight test of composite cooling coating
採用兩個密閉的不鏽鋼機箱作為試驗箱，置於室外進行日照試驗，其中一個試驗箱不進行任何塗裝處理，是為比較例1；另一個試驗箱則為實施例2，並在該機箱表面製作本發明之複合降溫塗裝，且該複合降溫塗裝的製作方式與實施例1相同，在此不再重述，上述試驗箱的箱體尺寸之寬度、高度與深度分別為400mm、469mm與300mm，並且在試驗箱內部放置一功率為20W的水泥電阻作為發熱源，以模擬機箱內部發熱元件持續運作所產生的蓄熱。 Two sealed stainless steel cabinets were used as test chambers, and were placed outdoors for sunshine test. One of the test chambers was not subjected to any coating treatment, which was Comparative Example 1; the other test chamber was Example 2 and was on the surface of the cabinet. The composite cooling coating of the present invention is prepared, and the composite cooling coating is produced in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Here, the width, height and depth of the casing of the test box are 400 mm and 469 mm, respectively. 300mm, and a 20W cement resistor is placed inside the test chamber as a heat source to simulate the heat storage generated by the continuous operation of the heating elements inside the chassis.
將上述比較例1與實施例2同時放置在室外接受陽光日照，並且啟動試驗箱內部的發熱源，然後記錄環境溫度與試驗箱的內部溫度，記錄結果如第5圖所示，結果顯示，上述比較例1、實施例2與環境的最高溫度分別為55℃、40.7℃與37.7℃，可知，具有複合降溫塗裝之試驗箱與不具有複合降溫塗裝之試驗箱相比，兩者之最高溫度相差達到14.3℃，從結果可以明顯看出，本發明的複合降溫塗裝具有良好的降溫效果，在承受陽光照射與箱內蓄熱的雙重熱負荷狀況下，仍然可以保持試驗箱內部溫度接近環境溫度，兩者之間的最大溫差僅有3℃。 The above Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 were placed in the outdoor environment to receive sunlight, and the heat source inside the test chamber was started, and then the ambient temperature and the internal temperature of the test chamber were recorded. The results of the recording are shown in Fig. 5, and the results showed that The maximum temperatures of Comparative Example 1, Example 2 and the environment were 55 ° C, 40.7 ° C and 37.7 ° C, respectively. It can be seen that the test chamber with composite cooling coating is the highest of the two compared with the test chamber without composite cooling coating. The temperature difference reached 14.3 ° C. It can be clearly seen from the results that the composite cooling coating of the invention has a good cooling effect, and the internal temperature of the test chamber can be kept close to the environment under the double heat load conditions of receiving sunlight and heat storage in the tank. Temperature, the maximum temperature difference between the two is only 3 °C.
本發明所提供之複合降溫塗裝，與其他習用技術相互比較時，更具備下列優點： The composite cooling coating provided by the invention has the following advantages when compared with other conventional techniques:
1.本發明之反射隔熱層具備優異的熱反射性能。 1. The reflective heat insulating layer of the present invention has excellent heat reflecting properties.
2.本發明之輻射冷卻層具備優異的熱傳導及熱輻射性能，能夠發揮良好的冷卻效果。 2. The radiant cooling layer of the present invention has excellent heat conduction and heat radiation properties and can exert a good cooling effect.
3.本發明之反射隔熱層設置有複數個開口輻射腔，能夠使本發明同時具備熱反射、熱輻射與熱對流之三重降溫功能。 3. The reflective heat insulating layer of the present invention is provided with a plurality of open radiating cavities, which enable the present invention to simultaneously have a triple cooling function of heat reflection, heat radiation and heat convection.
4.本發明不但能夠阻擋外界陽光的熱傳遞至機箱內部，同時能夠發散機箱內部的蓄熱而達到冷卻效果，可以有效降低屋外型機箱所承受的內外雙重熱負荷。 4. The invention not only can block the heat transfer of the outside sunlight to the inside of the chassis, but also can dissipate the heat storage inside the chassis to achieve the cooling effect, and can effectively reduce the internal and external double heat load of the outdoor type chassis.
上列詳細說明乃針對本創作之一可行實施例進行具體說明，惟該實施例並非用以限制本創作之專利範圍，凡未脫離本創作技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更，均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 The detailed description above is intended to be illustrative of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementations or modifications that are not departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included in The patent scope of this case.
10‧‧‧基材 10‧‧‧Substrate
100‧‧‧複合降溫塗裝 100‧‧‧Composite cooling coating
120‧‧‧輻射冷卻層 120‧‧‧radiation cooling layer
140‧‧‧反射隔熱層 140‧‧‧Reflective insulation
160‧‧‧開口輻射腔 160‧‧‧Opening cavity
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| TW103120652A TWI568810B (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2014-06-16 | Composite cooling coating and its making method |
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| CN108250873B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2023-09-19 | 宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司 | Outdoor all-weather sunlight reflecting and infrared radiating refrigerating paint |
| CN111989532A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-11-24 | 罗米·M·费恩 | Manufacturing method, structure and application of passive radiation cooling |
| CN111387557A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-10 | 四川三联新材料有限公司 | Multilayer heat insulation material, preparation method and application thereof, and cigarette heating appliance |
| CN113211165B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-08-19 | 山东锦霖钢材加工有限公司 | Milling and grinding device for metal processing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20100203336A1 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-08-12 | Ming Liang Shiao | Roofing granules with high solar reflectance, roofing products with high solar reflectance, and processes for preparing same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20100203336A1 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-08-12 | Ming Liang Shiao | Roofing granules with high solar reflectance, roofing products with high solar reflectance, and processes for preparing same |
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| TW201600573A (en) | 2016-01-01 |
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