TWI552498B - A synchronized self-excited trigger control for single-stage converter with high power factor correction - Google Patents
A synchronized self-excited trigger control for single-stage converter with high power factor correction Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Description
本發明是一種高功率因數轉換電路，尤其是一種同步自激式的單級高功率因數轉換電路。 The invention is a high power factor conversion circuit, in particular a synchronous self-excited single stage high power factor conversion circuit.
驅動電路是介於主電路及控制電路中，用於對控制電路之訊號作放大的中間電路，其中驅動電路也肩負有隔離負載或配合調整輸入負載出電壓、電流的功能。於現有之電路架構中，例如：傳統自激式電路，如圖1所示，其傳統自激式電路架構之優點為藉由諧振電流流經一易飽和鐵心來製作開關觸發訊號，使得在電路類型的選擇上可避免採用積體電路。然而傳統的自激式電路架構之缺點在於，需額外的鐵心來收集訊號與提供訊號，造成電路製作成本得提昇。此外，傳統的自激式電路架構並不具有功因修正之功能，使得電路得整體效能無法有效的提升，且電路中所包含得開關並不具有零電壓切換與零電流切換的電路特性，同樣使得整體電路的損失過多，進一步的，傳統自激式電路架構對負載並不具有隔離效果。由上述為傳統自激式電路架構之缺點，為此需要一種具有一整合性之電路架構同時解決上述所提之問題。 The driving circuit is an intermediate circuit between the main circuit and the control circuit for amplifying the signal of the control circuit, wherein the driving circuit also has the function of isolating the load or adjusting the voltage and current of the input load. In the existing circuit architecture, for example, a conventional self-excited circuit, as shown in FIG. 1, the advantage of the conventional self-excited circuit architecture is that a resonant trigger current flows through an easily saturable core to make a switch trigger signal, thereby making the circuit The choice of type avoids the use of integrated circuits. However, the disadvantage of the traditional self-excited circuit architecture is that additional cores are needed to collect signals and provide signals, resulting in an increase in circuit fabrication costs. In addition, the traditional self-excited circuit architecture does not have the function of power correction, so that the overall performance of the circuit cannot be effectively improved, and the switches included in the circuit do not have the circuit characteristics of zero voltage switching and zero current switching. The loss of the overall circuit is excessive. Further, the conventional self-excited circuit architecture does not have an isolation effect on the load. The above is a disadvantage of the conventional self-excited circuit architecture, and for this purpose, an integrated circuit architecture is required to solve the above-mentioned problems.
為提供一種低損失且具有功因修正功效的轉換電路，本發明提出一種同步自激式單級高功率因數轉換電路，其包含一啟動電路、一升壓及功因修正電路、一諧振電路、一自激訊號變壓器及一自激訊號電路，而該自激訊號變壓器包含一自激訊號變壓器繞組，該自激訊號變壓器繞組與該自激訊號變壓器之一次側及二次側繞組繞於同一鐵心，使該自激訊號電路的一操作頻率與該諧振電路的一諧振頻率達到同步，其中：該諧振電路包含一激磁電感，該激磁電感與該自激訊號變壓器之一次側繞組並聯；該升壓及功因修正電路包含二功率開關，該激磁電感之激磁電流之相位落後，使該功率開關釋放一寄生電容中儲存之電能，使該功率開關具有零電壓切換及類零電流切換之特性；該啟動電路儲存經由一輸入電源輸入之電能，使該啟動電路儲存之電能觸發該升壓及功因修正電路之導通並觸發該自激訊號電路產生一觸發訊號；及該諧振電路的電能經由該自激訊號變壓器的一次側繞組以電磁能轉換，轉換至該自激訊號變壓器的二次側繞組後經由一輸出整流電路輸出。 In order to provide a conversion circuit with low loss and power factor correction, the present invention provides a synchronous self-excited single-stage high power factor conversion circuit, which comprises a starting circuit, a boosting and power factor correcting circuit, a resonant circuit, a self-excited signal transformer and a self-excited signal circuit, and the self-excited signal transformer includes a self-excited signal transformer winding, and the self-excited signal transformer winding and the primary side and secondary side windings of the self-excited signal transformer are wound around the same core Having an operating frequency of the self-exciting signal circuit synchronized with a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, wherein: the resonant circuit includes a magnetizing inductance connected in parallel with a primary winding of the self-excited signal transformer; And the power factor correction circuit comprises two power switches, wherein the phase of the excitation current of the magnetizing inductance lags behind, so that the power switch releases the energy stored in a parasitic capacitor, so that the power switch has the characteristics of zero voltage switching and zero-like current switching; The startup circuit stores the electrical energy input through an input power source, so that the energy stored in the startup circuit triggers the boosting and The self-excited signal circuit generates a trigger signal due to the turning on of the correction circuit; and the electrical energy of the resonant circuit is converted to the secondary side winding of the self-excited signal transformer by electromagnetic energy conversion through the primary side winding of the self-excited signal transformer It is then output via an output rectifier circuit.
進一步的，該升壓及功因修正電路包含一功因修正電感，該功因修正電感使該輸入電源輸入的一輸入電流及輸入電壓具有相同相位且具有低總諧波失真的特性。 Further, the boosting and power factor correction circuit includes a power factor correction inductor that corrects the inductance so that an input current and an input voltage of the input power input have the same phase and have low total harmonic distortion characteristics.
進一步的，該啟動電路包含一直流濾波電容、一啟動電阻、一啟動電容、及一雙向觸發二極體，其中：該輸入電源所輸入之電能儲存於該直流濾波電容，該直流濾波電容儲存之電能對該啟動電容充電；及該啟動電容儲存之電能高於該雙向觸發二極體之一崩潰電壓後，該雙向觸發二極體供給功率開關(S2)導通訊號。 Further, the startup circuit includes a DC filter capacitor, a start resistor, a start capacitor, and a bidirectional trigger diode, wherein: the input power of the input power source is stored in the DC filter capacitor, and the DC filter capacitor stores The electric energy charges the starting capacitor; and after the starting capacitor stores the electric energy higher than a breakdown voltage of the bidirectional triggering diode, the bidirectional triggering diode supplies the power switch (S 2 ) to the communication number.
進一步的，該輸出整流電路與負載連接，而該輸出整流電路為一中央抽頭式整流及濾波電路，而該輸出整流電路包含的複數個整流二極體具有零電流截止之功效。 Further, the output rectifying circuit is connected to the load, and the output rectifying circuit is a central tap rectifying and filtering circuit, and the output rectifying circuit comprises a plurality of rectifying diodes having a zero current cutoff function.
進一步的，該輸入電源為一全橋整流及濾波電路。 Further, the input power source is a full bridge rectification and filtering circuit.
進一步的，該諧振電路為一LLC半橋諧振電路。 Further, the resonant circuit is an LLC half-bridge resonant circuit.
由上述說明可知，本發明具有下列優點： As can be seen from the above description, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)由該自激訊號變壓器上可獲得觸發該功率開關32之訊號，不再需有額外的鐵心來轉換訊號 (1) The signal for triggering the power switch 32 can be obtained from the self-excited signal transformer, and no additional core is needed to convert the signal.
(2)鐵心不需考慮有飽和問題，可提供較大功率的負載 (2) The core does not need to consider the saturation problem, and can provide a load with higher power.
(3)功率開關32具零電壓切換之效果 (3) Power switch 32 has zero voltage switching effect
(4)訊號開關32具可達到類零電流切換之效果 (4) Signal switch 32 can achieve zero-current switching effect
(5)該輸出整流電路具有零電流截止之功效 (5) The output rectifier circuit has the effect of zero current cutoff
(6)自激訊號變壓器繞組(TVS1、TVS2)各為獨立線圈，有隔離之效果 (6) Self-excited signal transformer windings (T VS1 , T VS2 ) are independent coils with isolation effect
(7)負載具隔離效果 (7) load isolation effect
(8)具高功率因數 (8) with high power factor
10‧‧‧整流及濾波電路 10‧‧‧Rectifier and filter circuit
11‧‧‧輸入電源整流二極體 11‧‧‧Input power rectifier diode
12‧‧‧濾波電感(Lf) 12‧‧‧Filter inductance (L f )
13‧‧‧濾波電容(Cf) 13‧‧‧Filter Capacitor (C f )
20‧‧‧啟動電路 20‧‧‧Starting circuit
21‧‧‧直流濾波電容(Cbus) 21‧‧‧DC filter capacitor (C bus )
22‧‧‧啟動電阻(Rstart) 22‧‧‧Starting resistance (R start )
23‧‧‧啟動電容(Cstart) 23‧‧‧Starting capacitor (C start )
24‧‧‧雙向觸發二極體(DIAC) 24‧‧‧Bidirectional Trigger Diode (DIAC)
30‧‧‧升壓及功因修正電路 30‧‧‧Boost and power factor correction circuit
31‧‧‧功因修正電感(LPFC) 31‧‧‧Power Correction Inductance (L PFC )
(ILPFC)‧‧‧功因修正電流 (I LPFC ) ‧‧‧Power correction current
32‧‧‧功率開關(S1、S2) 32‧‧‧Power switch (S 1 , S 2 )
(VAB)‧‧‧功率開關電壓 (V AB )‧‧‧Power Switch Voltage
33‧‧‧開關二極體 33‧‧‧Switching diode
34‧‧‧觸發開關 34‧‧‧Trigger switch
40‧‧‧諧振電路 40‧‧‧Resonance circuit
41‧‧‧諧振電感(Lr) 41‧‧‧Resonant inductance (L r )
42‧‧‧諧振電容(Cr) 42‧‧‧Resonant capacitance (C r )
43‧‧‧激磁電感(Lm) 43‧‧‧Magnetic inductance (L m )
(Ir)‧‧‧諧振電流 (I r )‧‧‧Resonance current
50‧‧‧自激訊號變壓器 50‧‧‧Self-excited transformer
(Im)‧‧‧激磁電流 (I m )‧‧‧Excitation current
(Ip)‧‧‧變壓器電流 (I p )‧‧‧ Transformer current
(TP)‧‧‧自激訊號變壓器一次側繞組 (T P )‧‧‧Self-excited transformer primary winding
(TS1、TS2)‧‧‧自激訊號變壓器二次側繞組 (T S1 , T S2 ) ‧ ‧ self-excited transformer secondary winding
(TVS1、TVS2)‧‧‧自激訊號變壓器繞組 (T VS1 , T VS2 ) ‧ ‧ self-excited transformer winding
(VS1、VS2)‧‧‧自激觸發訊號 (V S1 , V S2 ) ‧ ‧ self-excited trigger signal
60‧‧‧自激訊號電路 60‧‧‧Self-excited circuit
61‧‧‧保護功率開關 61‧‧‧Protective power switch
70‧‧‧輸出整流電路 70‧‧‧Output rectifier circuit
71‧‧‧整流二極體(D1、D2) 71‧‧‧Rectifying diodes (D 1 , D 2 )
(ID1、ID2)‧‧‧整流二極體電流 (I D1 , I D2 ) ‧ ‧ Rectifier Diode Current
80‧‧‧輸入電源 80‧‧‧Input power supply
(Iin)‧‧‧輸入電流 (I in )‧‧‧ input current
(Vin)‧‧‧輸入電壓 (V in )‧‧‧ Input voltage
90‧‧‧負載等效阻抗(Rload) 90‧‧‧Load equivalent impedance (R load )
圖1為本發明之先前技術示意電路圖。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the prior art of the present invention.
圖2為本發明較佳實施例之電路圖。 2 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明較佳實施例之電路細部組件圖。 Figure 3 is a block diagram of a circuit assembly in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖4為本發明較佳實施例之電路啟動動作示意圖。 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit startup operation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖5為本發明較佳實施例之電路啟動動作示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit starting operation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖6為本發明較佳實施例之電路動作示意圖。 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖7為本發明較佳實施例之電路動作示意圖。 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖8為本發明較佳實施例之電路動作示意圖。 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖9為本發明較佳實施例之電路動作示意圖。 Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖10為本發明較佳實施例之功率開關及自激訊號變壓器電流波型圖。 FIG. 10 is a current waveform diagram of a power switch and a self-excited signal transformer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖11為本發明較佳實施例之自激訊號變壓器一次側繞組電壓電流及功率開關波型圖。 FIG. 11 is a waveform diagram showing voltage and current and power switching of a primary side winding of a self-excited signal transformer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖12為本發明較佳實施例之輸入電流之功因調整波型圖。 Figure 12 is a diagram showing the adjustment of the power factor of the input current in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖13為本發明較佳實施例之功率開關電壓及自激訊號變壓器電流波型圖。 FIG. 13 is a diagram showing current waveforms of a power switch voltage and a self-excited signal transformer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖14為本發明較佳實施例之輸出整流電路波型圖。 Figure 14 is a waveform diagram of an output rectification circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖15為本發明較佳實施例之輸出整流電路波型圖。 Figure 15 is a waveform diagram of an output rectification circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖16為本發明較佳實施例之輸入電路波型圖。 Figure 16 is a waveform diagram of an input circuit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
請參考圖2及3，本發明為一種同步自激式單級高功因轉換電路，其包含一整流及濾波電路10、一啟動電路20、一升壓及功因修正電路30、一諧振電路40、一自激訊號變壓器50、一自激訊號電路60及一輸出整流電路70。 2 and 3, the present invention is a synchronous self-excited single-stage high-power conversion circuit including a rectifying and filtering circuit 10, a starting circuit 20, a boosting and power factor correcting circuit 30, and a resonant circuit. 40. A self-excited signal transformer 50, a self-excited signal circuit 60 and an output rectifying circuit 70.
一輸入電源80(例如：市電)經由一整流及濾波電路10輸入，該整流及濾波電路10濾波及整流由該輸入電源80輸入的交流電源。其中，該整流及濾波電路10可為全波或半波整流及濾波電路，在此不限定，而於本發明中該整流及濾波電路10由四顆整流二極體11、一濾波電感12(Lf)及一濾波電容13(Cf) 組成一全橋整流及濾波電路。其中，該濾波電感12(Lf)及一濾波電容13(Cf)對該輸入電源80進行濾波，該濾波電感12及該濾波電容13串聯後，與該輸入電源80進行並聯。 An input power source 80 (e.g., commercial power) is input via a rectifying and filtering circuit 10 that filters and rectifies the AC power input by the input power source 80. The rectifying and filtering circuit 10 can be a full-wave or half-wave rectifying and filtering circuit, which is not limited thereto. In the present invention, the rectifying and filtering circuit 10 includes four rectifying diodes 11 and a filter inductor 12 ( L f ) and a filter capacitor 13 (C f ) form a full bridge rectification and filtering circuit. The filter inductor 12 (L f ) and a filter capacitor 13 (C f ) filter the input power source 80. The filter inductor 12 and the filter capacitor 13 are connected in series, and are connected in parallel with the input power source 80.
該整流及濾波電路10與該啟動電路20連接，該啟動電路20包含一直流濾波電容21(Cbus)、一啟動電阻22(Rstart)、一啟動電容23(Cstart)、及一雙向觸發二極體24(DIAC)，其中該直流濾波電容21及該啟動電容23分別連接於該啟動電阻22之兩端，該啟動電阻22與該啟動電容23連接的一端該雙向觸發二極體24連接。進一步的，一二極體(D4)與該雙向觸發二極體24並聯。 The rectifying and filtering circuit 10 is connected to the starting circuit 20. The starting circuit 20 includes a DC filter capacitor 21 (C bus ), a starting resistor 22 (R start ), a starting capacitor 23 (C start ), and a bidirectional trigger. The diode 24 (DIAC), wherein the DC filter capacitor 21 and the start capacitor 23 are respectively connected to the two ends of the start resistor 22, and the start resistor 22 is connected to the bidirectional trigger diode 24 at one end connected to the start capacitor 23 . Further, a diode (D 4 ) is connected in parallel with the bidirectional trigger diode 24.
該升壓及功因修正電路30分別與該整流及濾波電路10及該啟動電路20連接，其中，該升壓及功因修正電路30包含一功因修正電感31(LPFC)及二功率開關32(S1、S2)，每一該功率開關32包含一開關二極體33及一觸發開關34，該開關二極體33與該觸發開關34並聯形成該功率開關32。二該功率開關32形成串聯，而該功因修正電感31之一端透過一二極體(D3)與二該功率開關32(S1、S2)相連之連接點連接，而該功因修正電感31之另一端與該整流及濾波電路10連接。該功率開關32(S1)之一端與該功率開關32(S2)連接，而另一端與該直流濾波電容21連接。進一步的，該雙向觸發二極體24之一端與該啟動電容23連結，而另一端與二該功率開關32(S1、S2)相連之連接點連接。 The boosting and power factor correcting circuit 30 is respectively connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 10 and the starting circuit 20, wherein the boosting and power factor correcting circuit 30 includes a power factor correcting inductance 31 (L PFC ) and two power switches 32 (S 1 , S 2 ), each of the power switches 32 includes a switching diode 33 and a trigger switch 34. The switching diode 33 is connected in parallel with the trigger switch 34 to form the power switch 32. The power switch 32 is connected in series, and the power is connected to the connection point of the power switch 32 (S 1 , S 2 ) through a diode (D 3 ) through one of the diodes (D 3 ), and the power is corrected. The other end of the inductor 31 is connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 10. One end of the power switch 32 (S 1) of the power switch is connected to the 32 (S 2), and the other end is connected to the DC filter capacitor 21. Further, the two-way trigger diode 24 at one end of the start capacitor 23 connected to the other end of two of the power switch 32 (S 1, S 2) is connected to the connection point of the connection.
該諧振電路40與該功率開關32(S1)並聯，本發明中，該諧振電路40為一LLC半橋諧振電路，其中該諧振電路40包含一(Cbus)諧振電感41(Lr)、一諧振電容42(Cr)及一激磁電感43(Lm)。該諧振電感41分別與該功率開關32(S1)中該開關二極體33之陰極及該諧振電容42連接而該諧振電容42之另一端與該激磁電感43連接。該激磁電感43未與該諧振電容42連接之一端與該功率開關32(S1)中該 開關二極體33之陽極連接。其中，該激磁電感43可為該自激訊號變壓器50一次側繞組(Tp)所產生的一內生電感或可為一實體電感，在此不限定。在該激磁電感43為該內生電感時，可有降低元件述及降低生產成本之優點。 The resonant circuit 40 is connected in parallel with the power switch 32 (S 1 ). In the present invention, the resonant circuit 40 is an LLC half-bridge resonant circuit, wherein the resonant circuit 40 includes a (C bus ) resonant inductor 41 (L r ), A resonant capacitor 42 (C r ) and a magnetizing inductor 43 (L m ). The resonant inductor 41 is connected to the cathode of the switching diode 33 and the resonant capacitor 42 in the power switch 32 (S 1 ), and the other end of the resonant capacitor 42 is connected to the exciting inductor 43. One end of the magnetizing inductor 43 not connected to the resonant capacitor 42 is connected to the anode of the switching diode 33 in the power switch 32 (S 1 ). The excitation inductor 43 can be an internal inductance generated by the primary winding (T p ) of the self-excited signal transformer 50 or can be a physical inductor, which is not limited herein. When the magnetizing inductance 43 is the endogenous inductance, there is an advantage that the reducing element is described as reducing the production cost.
該自激訊號變壓器50之一次側繞組與該激磁電感43並聯，而該自激訊號變壓器50之二次側繞組(TS1、TS2)與該輸出整流電路70連接，而該輸出整流電路70與一負載等效阻抗90(Rload)連接。其中該輸出整流電路70可為全波整流及濾波電路、半波整流及濾波電路或為交流輸出整流電路，在此不限定，而本發明中，該直流輸出整流及濾波電路70為一中央抽頭式整流及濾波電路，其中該自激訊號變壓器50之二次側繞組(TS1、TS2)分別與二整流二極體71(D1、D2)連接。 The primary side winding of the self-excited signal transformer 50 is connected in parallel with the exciting inductor 43 , and the secondary side windings ( T S1 , T S2 ) of the self-exciting signal transformer 50 are connected to the output rectifying circuit 70, and the output rectifying circuit 70 is connected. Connected to a load equivalent impedance of 90 (R load ). The output rectification circuit 70 can be a full-wave rectification and filtering circuit, a half-wave rectification and filtering circuit, or an AC output rectification circuit, which is not limited thereto. In the present invention, the DC output rectification and filtering circuit 70 is a central tap. The rectification and filtering circuit, wherein the secondary windings (T S1 , T S2 ) of the self-excited signal transformer 50 are respectively connected to the two rectifying diodes 71 (D 1 , D 2 ).
該自激訊號變壓器50包含一自激訊號變壓器繞組(TVS1、TVS2)，而該自激訊號變壓器繞組與該自激訊號變壓器50之一次側繞組及二次側繞組繞於同一鐵心，使該自激訊號電路60的一操作頻率與該諧振電路40的一諧振頻率達到同步。進一步的，該自激訊號變壓器繞組(TVS1、TVS2)分別與該自激訊號電路60並聯。該自激訊號電路60包含一保護功率開關61，透過該保護功率開關61，避免過大的電壓輸出對電路造成損壞，其中該保護功率開關61可由金屬氧化物二極體或釸二極體等組成，於本發明中，該保護功率開關61係由二稽納二極體組成，而二該稽納二極體之因陰極相對連接後形成該保護功率開關61。 The self-excited signal transformer 50 includes a self-excited signal transformer winding (T VS1 , T VS2 ), and the self-excited signal transformer winding and the primary side winding and the secondary side winding of the self-excited signal transformer 50 are wound around the same core. An operating frequency of the self-excited signal circuit 60 is synchronized with a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit 40. Further, the self-excited signal transformer windings (T VS1 , T VS2 ) are respectively connected in parallel with the self-excited signal circuit 60. The self-excited signal circuit 60 includes a protection power switch 61 through which the excessive voltage output is prevented from causing damage to the circuit. The protection power switch 61 may be composed of a metal oxide diode or a germanium diode. In the present invention, the protection power switch 61 is composed of a second-generator diode, and the protective power switch 61 is formed by the cathodes of the two-pole diodes.
請參考圖4~5，其為本發明之該啟動電路20之啟動步驟： Please refer to FIG. 4 to FIG. 5, which are the starting steps of the starting circuit 20 of the present invention:
啟動步驟1、請參考圖4，該輸入電源80對該啟動電路20進行充電。其中，於電路之初始狀態中，該自激式單級高功率因數轉換電路中不存在能量轉換。該輸入電源80經由該整流及濾波電路10整流後輸入，整流後的該輸 入電源80導通該功率開關32(S1)中的該開關二極體33，並經由該功率開關32(S1)對該直流濾波電容21進行充電，進一步的，該直流濾波電容21所儲存的電壓對該啟動電容23進行充電。 Startup Step 1. Referring to FIG. 4, the input power source 80 charges the startup circuit 20. Wherein, in the initial state of the circuit, there is no energy conversion in the self-excited single-stage high power factor conversion circuit. The input power source 80 via the rear 10 rectification of the rectifier and filter circuit input, the input power source rectified 80 is turned on in the power switch 32 (S 1) of the switching diode 33, and through the power switch 32 (S 1) The DC filter capacitor 21 is charged, and further, the voltage stored in the DC filter capacitor 21 charges the boot capacitor 23.
啟動步驟2、請參考圖5，透過該輸入電源80對該啟動電路20進行的充電，而該啟動電路20儲存之電能，使該升壓及功因修正電路30的該功率開關32導通。其中，該啟動電容23所儲存的電壓，隨該直流濾波電容21的持續充電而升高，在該啟動電容23所儲存的電壓高於該雙向觸發二極體24之崩潰電壓後，使該雙向觸發二極體24呈現崩潰導通。進一步的，該雙向觸發二極體24的崩潰導通使該功率開關32(S2)導通，供給該功率開關(S2)一導通訊號。 The startup step 2, referring to FIG. 5, charges the startup circuit 20 through the input power source 80, and the power stored in the startup circuit 20 causes the power switch 32 of the boost and power factor correction circuit 30 to be turned on. The voltage stored by the starting capacitor 23 increases with the continuous charging of the DC filter capacitor 21. After the voltage stored in the starting capacitor 23 is higher than the breakdown voltage of the bidirectional trigger diode 24, the two-way is made. Trigger diode 24 exhibits a crash conduction. Further, the crash conduction of the bidirectional trigger diode 24 turns on the power switch 32 (S 2 ) to supply the power switch (S 2 ) to the communication number.
請參考圖6~9，其為本發明之電路動作步驟： Please refer to FIGS. 6-9, which are circuit steps of the present invention:
動作步驟1：請參考圖6，於該功率開關(S2)32導通前，該激磁電感43釋放其儲存之電能，使該功率開關(S2)32中的寄生電容釋放所儲存之電能，該功率開關32具有零電壓切換之特性。 Step 1: Referring to FIG. 6, before the power switch (S 2 ) 32 is turned on, the magnetizing inductor 43 releases its stored electrical energy, so that the parasitic capacitance in the power switch (S 2 ) 32 releases the stored electrical energy. The power switch 32 has the characteristic of zero voltage switching.
動作步驟2：請參考圖7，該功率開關32(S2)的導通使該輸入電源80通過該功因修正電感31並對該功因修正電感31充電。同時，該直流濾波電容21所儲存之電能通過該諧振電路40至該功率開關32(S2)對該諧振電路40進行充電，同時，充入該諧振電路40的電能由該自激訊號變壓器50的一次側繞組以電磁能轉換，轉換至其二次側繞組並透過該輸出整流電路70輸出；而該功率開關32(S2)之導通觸發該自激訊號電路60感應該自激訊號變壓器繞組(TVs2)產生一自激觸發訊號(VS2)。 Step 2: Referring to FIG. 7, the conduction of the power switch 32 (S 2 ) causes the input power source 80 to correct the inductance 31 through the power factor and charge the power factor correction inductor 31. At the same time, the electrical energy stored by the DC filter capacitor 21 charges the resonant circuit 40 through the resonant circuit 40 to the power switch 32 (S 2 ), and the electrical energy charged into the resonant circuit 40 is used by the self-excited signal transformer 50. The primary winding is converted by electromagnetic energy, converted to its secondary winding and outputted through the output rectifier circuit 70; and the conduction of the power switch 32 (S 2 ) triggers the self-excited signal circuit 60 to sense the self-excited signal winding (T Vs2 ) generates a self-excited trigger signal (V S2 ).
動作步驟3、請參考圖8，於該功率開關(S1)32導通前，該激磁電感43釋放其儲存之電能，使該功率開關(S1)32中的寄生電容釋放所儲存之電能，該功率開關32具有零電壓切換之特性。 Step 3: Referring to FIG. 8 , before the power switch (S 1 ) 32 is turned on, the magnetizing inductor 43 releases its stored electrical energy, so that the parasitic capacitance in the power switch (S 1 ) 32 releases the stored electrical energy. The power switch 32 has the characteristic of zero voltage switching.
動作步驟4：請參考圖9，該功率開關32(S1)的導通使該輸入電源80通過該功因修正電感31並對該功因修正電感31充電，並透過該功因修正電感31對該直流濾波電容21進行充電。同時，該諧振電路40反向釋放所儲存之電能，該諧振電路40的電能由該自激訊號變壓器50的一次側繞組以電磁能轉換，轉換至其二次側繞組並透過該輸出整流電路70輸出；而該功率開關32(S1)之導通觸發該自激訊號電路60感應該自激訊號變壓器繞組(TVs1)產生一自激觸發訊號(VS1)。 Step 4: Referring to FIG. 9, the conduction of the power switch 32 (S 1 ) causes the input power source 80 to correct the inductance 31 through the power factor and charge the power factor correction inductor 31, and correct the inductance 31 through the power factor. The DC filter capacitor 21 is charged. At the same time, the resonant circuit 40 reversely discharges the stored electrical energy. The electrical energy of the resonant circuit 40 is converted by electromagnetic energy from the primary side winding of the self-excited signal transformer 50, converted to its secondary winding and transmitted through the output rectifying circuit 70. The output of the power switch 32 (S 1 ) triggers the self-excited signal circuit 60 to sense the self-excited signal transformer winding (T Vs1 ) to generate a self-excited trigger signal (V S1 ).
該諧振電路40之諧振振盪形成二該功率開關32(S1、S2)依序的導通及截止，循環動作步驟1~4之動作。 The resonant oscillation of the resonant circuit 40 forms two steps of turning on and off the power switch 32 (S 1 , S 2 ) in sequence, and the operations of steps 1 to 4 in the cyclic operation.
請參考圖3、10及11，由圖3及10中可知該功率開關32(S1)兩端之一功率開關電壓為「VAB」，通過該諧振電感41及該諧振電容42之一諧振電流為「Ir」，該諧振電流分流至該激磁電感43及該自激訊號變壓器50之一次側繞組中，流經該激磁電感43之電流為一激磁電流「Im」，流經該自激訊號變壓器50一次側繞組之電流為一變壓器電流「Ip」，而該自激訊號變壓器50一次側繞組之電壓為一變壓器電壓「Vp」，且該自激訊號變壓器繞組產生之自激觸發訊號、(VS1、VS2)使該變壓器電壓及該電壓器電流與該觸發訊號之頻率對應。 Referring to FIGS. 3, 10 and 11, it can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 10 that the power switching voltage of one end of the power switch 32 (S 1 ) is "V AB ", and the resonant inductor 41 and the resonant capacitor 42 resonate. The current is "I r ", and the resonant current is shunted to the primary inductor 43 and the primary winding of the self-excited signal transformer 50. The current flowing through the exciting inductor 43 is an exciting current "I m " flowing through the self. The current of the primary winding of the excitation signal transformer 50 is a transformer current "I p ", and the voltage of the primary winding of the self-excited signal transformer 50 is a transformer voltage "V p ", and the self-excited signal winding generates self-excitation The trigger signal, (V S1 , V S2 ), causes the transformer voltage and the voltage of the voltage to correspond to the frequency of the trigger signal.
由圖10可知，本發明中為使該功率開關32具有零電壓切換及類零電流切換之特性，在此電路中，功率開關電壓與該變壓器電流之相位相同。然而於先前技術之電路中，該功率開關32中存在有一寄生電容效應，因開關電壓與變壓器電流相位相同之因素，使該寄生電容所儲存之電能無法釋放，因此功 率開關32無法維持零電壓切換及類零電流切換之特性，導致該功率開關32導通時產生一功率損失。 As can be seen from FIG. 10, in the present invention, the power switch 32 has the characteristics of zero voltage switching and zero-like current switching. In this circuit, the power switching voltage is the same as the phase of the transformer current. However, in the circuit of the prior art, there is a parasitic capacitance effect in the power switch 32. Because the switching voltage is the same as the phase of the transformer current, the stored energy of the parasitic capacitor cannot be released, so the work is performed. The rate switch 32 is unable to maintain the characteristics of zero voltage switching and zero-like current switching, resulting in a power loss when the power switch 32 is turned on.
為解決上述該變壓器電流與該功率開關電壓相同，而導致該寄生電容之電能無法釋放的問題，本發明於該自激訊號變壓器50一次側繞組端並聯該激磁電感43，使該諧振電流中包含有該激磁電流，該激磁電流之相位落後使該功率開關電壓之相位超前該諧振電流。相位落後的該諧振電流釋放該寄生電容所儲之電量(如圖6及圖8所示)，使電路在實際上具備有零電壓切換及類零電流切換之功效。 In order to solve the above problem that the transformer current is the same as the power switching voltage, and the parasitic capacitance cannot be released, the present invention connects the excitation inductor 43 in parallel with the primary winding end of the self-excited signal transformer 50, so that the resonant current is included. There is the excitation current, and the phase of the excitation current lags so that the phase of the power switching voltage leads the resonant current. The resonant current behind the phase releases the amount of electricity stored by the parasitic capacitor (as shown in Figures 6 and 8), so that the circuit actually has the function of zero voltage switching and zero-like current switching.
請參考圖12及16，通過該功因修正電感31之一功因修正電流(ILPFC)隨著該功率開關32(S2)的導通或截止而使該功因修正電流為一低頻包覆高頻之電流。該輸入電源80輸入的一輸入電流(Iin)經由該整流及濾波電路10之整流及濾波後使該輸入電源80的一輸入電壓(Vin)與該輸入電流具有相同的相位且具有低總諧波失真的特性，使該功因修正電感31具有功因調整的效果。 Referring to FIGS. 12 and 16, the power correction current (I LPFC ) of the inductor 31 is corrected by the power source 32 (S 2 ) to turn on or off the power switch 32 (S 2 ). High frequency current. An input current (I in ) input by the input power source 80 is rectified and filtered by the rectifying and filtering circuit 10 to cause an input voltage (V in ) of the input power source 80 to have the same phase and low total value as the input current. The characteristics of the harmonic distortion make the power-correcting inductance 31 have the effect of adjusting the power factor.
請參考圖13~15，經由該自激訊號變壓器50一次側繞組轉換至二次側繞組之二次側繞組電壓(Vgs1、Vgs2)與分別流通該整流二極體71(D1、D2)的整流二極體電流電流(ID1、ID2)有相位差異使該二次側繞組電壓及該整流二極體電流具有零電流截止的效果。 Please refer to FIG. 13 to 15, a converter 50 via the excitation signal from the transformer winding to the secondary winding of the secondary winding voltage (V gs1, V gs2) respectively flow to the rectifier diode 71 (D 1, D 2 ) The rectified diode currents (I D1 , I D2 ) have phase differences such that the secondary winding voltage and the rectified diode current have a zero current cutoff effect.
由上述說明可知，本發明具有下列優點： As can be seen from the above description, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)由該自激訊號變壓器上可獲得觸發該功率開關32之訊號，不再需有額外的鐵心來轉換訊號 (1) The signal for triggering the power switch 32 can be obtained from the self-excited signal transformer, and no additional core is needed to convert the signal.
(2)鐵心不需考慮有飽和問題，可提供較大功率的負載 (2) The core does not need to consider the saturation problem, and can provide a load with higher power.
(3)功率開關32具零電壓切換之效果 (3) Power switch 32 has zero voltage switching effect
(4)訊號開關32具可達到類零電流切換之效果 (4) Signal switch 32 can achieve zero-current switching effect
(5)該輸出整流電路具有零電流截止之功效 (5) The output rectifier circuit has the effect of zero current cutoff
(6)自激訊號變壓器繞組(TVS1、TVS2)各為獨立線圈，有隔離之效果 (6) Self-excited signal transformer windings (T VS1 , T VS2 ) are independent coils with isolation effect
(7)負載具隔離效果 (7) load isolation effect
(8)具高功率因數 (8) with high power factor
整流及濾波電路10 啟動電路20 升壓及功因修正電路30 諧振電路40 自激訊號變壓器50 自激訊號電路60 自激觸發訊號（VS1、VS2） 輸出整流電路70 輸入電源80Rectifier and filter circuit 10 Start circuit 20 Boost and power factor correction circuit 30 Resonance circuit 40 Self-excited signal transformer 50 Self-excited signal circuit 60 Self-excited trigger signal (VS1, VS2) Output rectifier circuit 70 Input power supply 80
Claims (6)
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| TW104102594A TWI552498B (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2015-01-26 | A synchronized self-excited trigger control for single-stage converter with high power factor correction |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW104102594A TWI552498B (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2015-01-26 | A synchronized self-excited trigger control for single-stage converter with high power factor correction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201628323A TW201628323A (en) | 2016-08-01 |
| TWI552498B true TWI552498B (en) | 2016-10-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| TW104102594A TWI552498B (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2015-01-26 | A synchronized self-excited trigger control for single-stage converter with high power factor correction |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI314808B (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2009-09-11 | Delta Electronics Inc | Resonance converter and driving method for synchronous rectifier thereof |
| US20120250356A1 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Dc/dc converter, power converter and control method thereof |
| TWM464962U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-01 | Univ Nat Formosa | Self-oscillating and single stage high power factor led driver circuit |
| TW201503558A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-16 | Univ Nat Formosa | Self-oscillating and single stage high power factor driver circuit |
-
2015
- 2015-01-26 TW TW104102594A patent/TWI552498B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI314808B (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2009-09-11 | Delta Electronics Inc | Resonance converter and driving method for synchronous rectifier thereof |
| US20120250356A1 (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | Delta Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Dc/dc converter, power converter and control method thereof |
| TWM464962U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-01 | Univ Nat Formosa | Self-oscillating and single stage high power factor led driver circuit |
| TW201503558A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-16 | Univ Nat Formosa | Self-oscillating and single stage high power factor driver circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201628323A (en) | 2016-08-01 |
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