TWI505162B - Capacitive touch panel - Google Patents
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本發明係關於將被配置在絕緣面板上的複數檢測電極的漂浮電容作比較，由輸入操作體接近而漂浮電容會增大的檢測電極，來檢測接近該檢測電極的輸入操作的靜電電容式觸控面板。The present invention relates to detecting a floating capacitance of a plurality of detecting electrodes disposed on an insulating panel, and a detecting electrode which is close to the input operating body and whose floating capacitance is increased to detect an electrostatic capacitive touch close to the input operation of the detecting electrode Control panel.
以將電子機器的顯示器所顯示的圖標(icon)等進行指示輸入的指向裝置而言，利用因手指等輸入操作體接近輸入操作面而造成的靜電電容的變化，以非接觸來檢測輸入操作位置，即使配置在顯示器的背面側，亦可檢測輸入操作的靜電電容式觸控面板已為人所知。A pointing device that inputs an icon or the like displayed on a display of an electronic device detects a change in electrostatic capacitance caused by an input operator approaching an input operation surface by a finger or the like, and detects an input operation position by non-contact Even if it is placed on the back side of the display, a capacitive touch panel that can detect input operations is known.
習知的靜電電容式觸控面板係將多數的X電極與Y電極以在絕緣基板的表背面呈交叉的方式形成為矩陣狀，在使手指等輸入操作體接近的附近，相交叉的各X電極與Y電極間的靜電電容會發生變化，因此檢測出由輸入操作體所為之對絕緣基板的操作位置(專利文獻1)。In the conventional capacitive touch panel, a plurality of X electrodes and Y electrodes are formed in a matrix shape so as to intersect the front and back surfaces of the insulating substrate, and Xs intersecting each other in the vicinity of an input device such as a finger. Since the electrostatic capacitance between the electrode and the Y electrode changes, the operation position of the insulating substrate by the input operating body is detected (Patent Document 1).
在該靜電電容式觸控面板100中，如第4圖所示，對多數的Y電極101依序施加預定的脈衝電壓且進行掃描，在對各Y電極101施加脈衝電壓的期間，檢測與被施加脈衝電壓的Y電極101呈交叉的各X電極102的電壓。若使手指等輸入操作體接近絕緣面板時，在輸入操作體所接近的位置呈交叉的X電極102與Y電極101間的靜電電容會發生變化，因此控制手段103係藉由因靜電電容的變化而使電壓發生變化的X電極102、及在此時施加脈衝電壓的Y電極101的配置位置，來檢測輸入操作體對絕緣面板的操作位置。In the capacitive touch panel 100, as shown in FIG. 4, a predetermined pulse voltage is sequentially applied to a plurality of Y electrodes 101, and scanning is performed. When a pulse voltage is applied to each of the Y electrodes 101, the detection and the detection are performed. The Y electrode 101 to which the pulse voltage is applied presents the voltage of each of the X electrodes 102 that intersect. When an input operation body such as a finger is brought close to the insulating panel, the capacitance between the X electrode 102 and the Y electrode 101 that intersect at the position where the input operation body approaches is changed, and therefore the control means 103 is changed by the electrostatic capacitance. On the other hand, the position of the X electrode 102 that changes the voltage and the position of the Y electrode 101 to which the pulse voltage is applied is detected, and the operation position of the input operating body to the insulating panel is detected.
藉由專利文獻1所揭示之靜電電容式觸控面板100由於根據靜電電容的變化來檢測手指等輸入操作體，因此必須在絕緣基板上配置多數的X電極102與Y電極101，若輸入操作面為大面積時，隨著其輸入面積的增加，檢測靜電電容的變化的X電極與Y電極的數量會增大，針對各電極的交叉位置進行掃描的掃描周期會變長，而會有無法在短時間內檢測輸入操作位置的問題。In the capacitive touch panel 100 disclosed in Patent Document 1, since an input operation body such as a finger is detected based on a change in electrostatic capacitance, it is necessary to arrange a plurality of X electrodes 102 and Y electrodes 101 on an insulating substrate, and input an operation surface. For a large area, as the input area increases, the number of X electrodes and Y electrodes that detect changes in electrostatic capacitance increases, and the scanning period for scanning the intersection position of each electrode becomes longer, and there may be no The problem of inputting the operation position is detected in a short time.
此外，除了必須設置施加脈衝電壓的手段以外，隨著輸入操作面的擴大，為了掃描以矩陣狀佈線的多數X電極102與Y電極101，必須使用與適當的個數相對應的多工器，而會有電路構成複雜、大型化的問題。Further, in addition to the means for applying a pulse voltage, as the input operation surface is enlarged, in order to scan a plurality of X electrodes 102 and Y electrodes 101 wired in a matrix, it is necessary to use a multiplexer corresponding to an appropriate number. There will be problems with complicated circuit structure and large size.
因此，以更為簡易的電路構成，來檢測關於檢測電極的漂浮電容的變化的手段而言，根據靜電電容與已知的電阻值的時間常數來檢測在輸入操作位置的未知的靜電電容的電容判別裝置已被提出(專利文獻2)。該電容判別裝置係對屬於未知電容的靜電電容(漂浮電容)的電容器C串聯或並聯連接檢測電阻R而形成RC時間常數電路，對檢測電阻R的一側施加預定的電壓Vdd或將一側接地，將取決於由電容器C的靜電電容c與檢測電阻R的電阻值r所決定的時間常數rc而上升或下降的電容器C的電位與預定的基準電位作比較，將到達基準電位為止的充電時間或放電時間作比較，來判別靜電電容的大小。Therefore, with a simpler circuit configuration for detecting a change in the floating capacitance of the detecting electrode, the capacitance of the unknown electrostatic capacitance at the input operating position is detected based on the time constant of the electrostatic capacitance and the known resistance value. A discriminating device has been proposed (Patent Document 2). The capacitance discriminating device forms a RC time constant circuit by connecting the detecting resistor R to the capacitor C of the electrostatic capacitance (floating capacitor) belonging to an unknown capacitor in series or in parallel, applying a predetermined voltage Vdd to one side of the detecting resistor R or grounding one side. The potential of the capacitor C that rises or falls depending on the time constant rc determined by the electrostatic capacitance c of the capacitor C and the resistance value r of the detection resistor R is compared with a predetermined reference potential, and the charging time until the reference potential is reached Or the discharge time is compared to determine the size of the electrostatic capacitance.
若利用該檢測原理，配置在絕緣面板上的檢測電極的漂浮電容(檢測電極與接地間的靜電電容)係若手指等輸入操作體接近時即會增大，充放電時間會變長，因此將檢測電極的電位成為預定的基準電位為止的充放電時間計時，藉此與未進行輸入操作時的充放電時間作比較，可檢測接近檢測電極的輸入操作。According to this detection principle, the floating capacitance of the detecting electrode disposed on the insulating panel (the electrostatic capacitance between the detecting electrode and the ground) is increased when the input operating body such as a finger approaches, and the charging and discharging time becomes long, so The charge/discharge time until the potential of the detection electrode becomes a predetermined reference potential is counted, whereby the input operation close to the detection electrode can be detected in comparison with the charge and discharge time when the input operation is not performed.
[先前技術文獻][Previous Technical Literature]
[專利文獻][Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2005-337773號公報(說明書項目0017至項目0031、第1圖)[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2005-337773 (Instruction Item 0017 to Item 0031, Figure 1)
[專利文獻2]日本特開2009-70004號公報(說明書項目0014至項目0020、第2圖)[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2009-70004 (Instruction Item 0014 to Item 0020, Fig. 2)
在上述專利文獻2所示之根據漂浮電容與已知的電阻值的時間常數來檢測未知的漂浮電容的電容判別裝置中，由於按各檢測電極到達至基準電位為止的充放電時間為不同，因此無法利用由將充放電時間計時的計數器、計數器記憶體等所構成的共通時間計測電路來同時比較關於所有檢測電極的漂浮電容，若按各檢測電極連接時間計測電路，或使用共通的時間計測電路時，係必須按每個檢測電極使充放電時間為不同，此情形會造成障礙，利用與漂浮電容的時間常數的靜電電容式觸控面板並未普及。In the capacitance discriminating device that detects the unknown floating capacitance based on the floating capacitor and the time constant of the known resistance value, the charge/discharge time until the detection electrode reaches the reference potential is different. It is not possible to simultaneously compare the floating capacitances of all the detecting electrodes with a common time measuring circuit composed of a counter that counts the charge and discharge time, a counter memory, etc., if the measuring circuit is connected for each detecting electrode, or a common time measuring circuit is used. In this case, the charging and discharging time must be made different for each detecting electrode, which may cause an obstacle, and the capacitive touch panel using the time constant of the floating capacitor is not popular.
因此，本案申請人發明一種靜電電容式觸控面板，且以日本特願2009-191948號申請專利，該靜電電容式觸控面板係關於複數檢測電極，將在由共通的基準時到達基準電位時二值資料進行反轉的二值訊號，由複數檢測電極同時作為平行資料，輸入至相當於複數檢測電極數的位元數的平行輸入暫存器，由至平行資料的各位元資料進行反轉為止的時間，同時比較複數檢測電極的漂浮電容。Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has invented a capacitive touch panel and patented Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-191948, which relates to a plurality of detecting electrodes which will reach a reference potential when a common reference is made. The binary signal in which the binary data is inverted is used as a parallel data by the plurality of detection electrodes, and is input to a parallel input register corresponding to the number of bits of the plurality of detection electrodes, and is inverted by the metadata of the parallel data. At the same time, the floating capacitance of the complex detection electrodes is compared at the same time.
但是，即使為該靜電電容式觸控面板，亦可同時檢測漂浮電容之大小的檢測電極數係受限於平行輸入暫存器的輸入位元數，在配置有超越該輸入位元數的多數檢測電極的靜電電容式觸控面板中，係必須以充電時間或放電時間不會重疊的方式分為特定的檢測電極群來檢測其漂浮電容。However, even for the capacitive touch panel, the number of detecting electrodes that can simultaneously detect the size of the floating capacitor is limited by the number of input bits of the parallel input register, and is configured to have a majority exceeding the number of input bits. In the capacitive touch panel of the detecting electrode, it is necessary to divide the detecting electrode group into a specific detecting electrode group so that the charging time or the discharging time does not overlap.
在利用與漂浮電容的時間常數的靜電電容式觸控面板中，透過電阻而對位於接地電位的檢測電極施加預定的充電電壓Vdd的充電控制下的檢測電極的電位Vc，若將與檢測電極相連接的電阻的電阻值設為r，將檢測電極與接地間的漂浮電容設為c，將由施加充電電壓Vdd的基準時的經過時間設為t，將自然對數設為ε，則以In the capacitive touch panel using the time constant of the floating capacitor, the potential Vc of the detecting electrode under the charge control applying a predetermined charging voltage Vdd to the detecting electrode at the ground potential through the resistor is to be compared with the detecting electrode. The resistance value of the connected resistor is r, the floating capacitance between the detecting electrode and the ground is c, the elapsed time when the reference of the charging voltage Vdd is applied is t, and the natural logarithm is ε,
Vc=Vdd(1-ε-t/cr )... (1)式Vc=Vdd(1-ε -t/cr )... (1)
表示，在經過t=5cr的過渡期間時，檢測電極的電位Vc係大致到達充電電壓Vdd(以下，在本說明書中，為方便說明，將其稱為已到達充電電壓Vdd)。It is shown that, when the transition period of t=5cr has elapsed, the potential Vc of the detecting electrode substantially reaches the charging voltage Vdd (hereinafter, in the present specification, this is referred to as the reached charging voltage Vdd for convenience of explanation).
此外，相反地，將位於充電電壓Vdd的檢測電極透過電阻而作接地電位的放電控制下的檢測電極的電位Vc，若將由形成為充電電壓Vdd的基準時的經過時間設為t’，則以On the other hand, when the potential Vc of the detecting electrode under the discharge control of the ground potential is transmitted through the resistor of the charging voltage Vdd, the elapsed time when the reference voltage Qd is set is t',
Vc=Vddxε-t’/cr ... (2)式Vc=Vddxε -t'/cr (2)
表示，在經過t’=5cr的過渡期間時，檢測電極的電位Vc係大致到達接地電位(以下，在本說明書中，為方便說明，將其稱為已到達接地電位)。It is shown that the potential Vc of the detecting electrode substantially reaches the ground potential during the transition period of t'=5cr (hereinafter, in the present specification, it is referred to as having reached the ground potential for convenience of explanation).
在此，與檢測電極的電位Vc相比較的基準電位係在充電電壓Vdd附近，將基準電位與檢測電極的電位Vc相比較的比較電路的解析力較低時，若藉由前者的充電控制，會接近過渡期間，相對經過時間t，檢測電極的電位Vc的上升為些許，因此不易判別與基準電位的比較，而相對經過時間t，檢測電極的電位Vc的下降較大的後者的放電控制可精度更佳地與基準電位作比較。相反地，基準電位為接地電位附近，將基準電位與檢測電極的電位Vc作比較的比較電路的解析力較低時，若為後者的放電控制，由於接近過渡期間，相對經過時間t，檢測電極的電位Vc的下降為些許，因此不易判別與基準電位的比較，相對充電控制瞬後的經過時間t，檢測電極的電位Vc的上升較大的前者的充電控制可精度更佳地與基準電位相比較。Here, when the reference potential compared with the potential Vc of the detecting electrode is in the vicinity of the charging voltage Vdd, and the resolution of the comparison circuit comparing the reference potential with the potential Vc of the detecting electrode is low, the charging control by the former is performed. When the transition period is close to the elapsed time t, the rise of the potential Vc of the detecting electrode is a little, so that it is difficult to discriminate the comparison with the reference potential, and the latter discharge control with a large drop in the potential Vc of the detecting electrode with respect to the elapsed time t can be The accuracy is better compared to the reference potential. On the other hand, when the reference potential is in the vicinity of the ground potential and the resolution of the comparison circuit that compares the reference potential with the potential Vc of the detection electrode is low, if the discharge control is the latter, the detection electrode is relatively close to the transition period and the elapsed time t. Since the potential Vc is slightly decreased, it is difficult to determine the comparison with the reference potential, and the charge control of the former having a large rise in the potential Vc of the detection electrode with respect to the elapsed time t after the charge control is more accurately matched with the reference potential. Comparison.
但是，在習知的專利文獻2所示的電容判別裝置中，由於僅以任一者的控制來進行檢測，因此必須將充電電壓Vdd或基準電位按照其控制方法來作最適調整，此外，若為無法調整的固定電位，會有漂浮電容的檢測精度降低的問題。However, in the capacitance discriminating device disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the detection is performed by only one of the control methods, it is necessary to optimally adjust the charging voltage Vdd or the reference potential according to the control method thereof. In the case of a fixed potential that cannot be adjusted, there is a problem that the detection accuracy of the floating capacitor is lowered.
此外，檢測電極的漂浮電容係受到液晶顯示元件等周圍電路元件或機器的影響而發生變動，因此在組裝後的製品評估階段，期望將充電控制與放電控制的控制作比較而形成為檢測精度優異的一方的控制，但是無法變更控制方法。Further, since the floating capacitance of the detecting electrode is affected by the influence of surrounding circuit elements or devices such as liquid crystal display elements, it is desirable to compare the charging control with the control of the discharging control in the product evaluation stage after assembly to form an excellent detection accuracy. The control of one side, but the control method cannot be changed.
本發明係考慮到如上所示之習知的問題點而研創者，目的在提供一種靜電電容式觸控面板係在將同時計測取決於漂浮電容之大小的充放電時間的時間計測電路分為2種的檢測電極群中共用，在短時間內比較對更多的檢測電極的輸入操作。The present invention has been made in consideration of the conventional problems as described above, and aims to provide a capacitive touch panel in which a time measuring circuit for simultaneously measuring a charging and discharging time depending on the magnitude of a floating capacitance is divided into two. The common detection electrode group is shared, and the input operation to more detection electrodes is compared in a short time.
此外，目的在提供一種可按照與充電電壓Vdd或檢測電極的電位Vc作比較的基準電位，來選擇檢測精度更高的電壓控制方法的靜電電容式觸控面板。Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a capacitive touch panel which can select a voltage control method with higher detection accuracy in accordance with a reference potential which is compared with a charging voltage Vdd or a potential Vc of a detecting electrode.
此外，目的在提供一種可按照動作環境，來選擇檢測精度優異的電壓控制方法的靜電電容式觸控面板。Further, it is an object of the invention to provide a capacitive touch panel which can select a voltage control method excellent in detection accuracy in accordance with an operating environment.
為了達成上述目的，請求項1之靜電電容式觸控面板係具備有：複數檢測電極，係彼此絕緣配置在絕緣面板上；複數電容-時間轉換手段，係以相同的電路構成與各檢測電極相連接，按照各檢測電極的漂浮電容的大小，輸出由預定的基準時至二值資料進行反轉為止的時間發生變化的二值訊號；及輸入操作檢測手段，係根據由二值訊號的基準時至二值資料進行反轉為止的時間來比較各檢測電極的漂浮電容的大小，以檢測輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極，該靜電電容式觸控面板之特徵為：各電容-時間轉換手段係具有：電阻，係與檢測電極的漂浮電容串聯或並聯連接；充放電電路，係可以由前述電阻的電阻值與檢測電極的漂浮電容所決定的時間常數，由基準時將漂浮電容進行充放電，選擇將檢測電極的電位由接地電位提高至預定的充電電位的充電控制、及將檢測電極的電位由前述充電電位降低至接地電位的放電控制的任一者來進行控制；及比較電路，係由基準時將檢測電極的電位與設定在前述充電電位與接地電位之間的基準電位作比較，輸出在檢測電極的電位與基準電位的差反轉時，二值資料即反轉的二值訊號，分別與至少二個以上的特定檢測電極相連接的特定電容-時間轉換手段的各充放電電路係利用相同的充電控制或放電控制由基準時將特定檢測電極的電位提高或減低，輸入操作檢測手段係根據由從前述特定電容-時間轉換的比較電路所被輸出的二值訊號的基準時至二值資料進行反轉為止的時間，來檢測輸入操作體所接近的任何特定檢測電極。In order to achieve the above object, the capacitive touch panel of claim 1 is provided with: a plurality of detecting electrodes which are insulated from each other on an insulating panel; and a plurality of capacitor-time converting means having the same circuit configuration and each detecting electrode Connecting, according to the size of the floating capacitance of each detecting electrode, outputting a binary signal whose time from the predetermined reference time to the inversion of the binary data is reversed; and the input operation detecting means is based on the reference of the binary signal Comparing the time until the binary data is inverted to compare the floating capacitance of each detecting electrode to detect the detecting electrode that the input operating body is close to, the capacitive touch panel is characterized by: each capacitance-time conversion means The utility model has a resistor connected in series or in parallel with a floating capacitor of the detecting electrode, and a charging/discharging circuit capable of charging and discharging the floating capacitor from the reference by a time constant determined by a resistance value of the resistor and a floating capacitance of the detecting electrode. Selecting a charging control that increases the potential of the detecting electrode from the ground potential to a predetermined charging potential, and The potential of the measuring electrode is controlled by any one of the discharge control in which the charging potential is lowered to the ground potential; and the comparison circuit is configured to set the potential of the detecting electrode and the reference potential set between the charging potential and the ground potential from the reference. For comparison, when the difference between the potential of the detecting electrode and the reference potential is inverted, the binary data is the inverted binary signal, and each of the specific capacitance-time conversion means connected to at least two or more specific detecting electrodes The charge and discharge circuit uses the same charge control or discharge control to increase or decrease the potential of the specific detection electrode from the reference. The input operation detection means is based on the binary signal outputted by the comparison circuit from the specific capacitance-time conversion described above. The time from the reference time to the time when the binary data is inverted is used to detect any specific detection electrode that the input operator is approaching.
以輸入操作而使輸入操作體接近的檢測電極的漂浮電容會增加，由與檢測電極相連接的電阻的電阻值所決定的時間常數會上升，因此即使為檢測電極的充電控制與放電控制的任一者，均為檢測電極的電位到達基準電位，與由其他檢測電極的電容-時間轉換手段所被輸出的二值訊號相比較，至二值訊號的二值資料進行反轉為止的時間變得較長，輸入操作檢測手段係將至二值資料進行反轉為止的時間進行比較，由進行相同的充電控制或放電控制的特定檢測電極來檢測輸入操作體所接近的特定檢測電極。The floating capacitance of the detecting electrode that brings the input operating body close by the input operation increases, and the time constant determined by the resistance value of the resistor connected to the detecting electrode increases, so that even the charging control and the discharge control of the detecting electrode are performed. In one case, the potential of the detecting electrode reaches the reference potential, and the time until the binary data of the binary signal is inverted is compared with the binary signal outputted by the capacitance-time converting means of the other detecting electrodes. The input operation detecting means compares the time until the binary data is inverted, and detects the specific detecting electrode to which the input operating body is approached by the specific detecting electrode that performs the same charging control or discharge control.
關於任意數的特定檢測電極，可選擇控制檢測電極的充電控制與放電控制的任一者，可由該特定檢測電極來檢測輸入操作體所接近的特定檢測電極。Regarding the arbitrary number of specific detecting electrodes, any one of controlling the charging control and the discharging control of the detecting electrodes may be selected, and the specific detecting electrodes to which the input operating body is approached may be detected by the specific detecting electrodes.
請求項2之靜電電容式觸控面板係將被配線在絕緣面板的複數檢測電極分為第1特定檢測電極與第2特定檢測電極，分別與第1特定檢測電極相連接的第1特定電容-時間轉換手段的各充放電電路係利用充電控制在第1基準時將屬於接地電位的第1特定檢測電極的電位提高，並且分別與第2特定檢測電極相連接的第2特定電容-時間轉換手段的各充放電電路係利用放電控制在第2基準時將屬於充電電位的第2特定檢測電極的電位降低，輸入操作檢測手段係根據由二值訊號的第1基準時至二值資料進行反轉為止的時間，來檢測輸入操作體所接近的任何第1特定檢測電極，根據由二值訊號的第2基準時至二值資料進行反轉為止的時間，來檢測輸入操作體所接近的任何第2特定檢測電極。The capacitive touch panel of claim 2 is characterized in that the plurality of detecting electrodes wired on the insulating panel are divided into a first specific detecting electrode and a second specific detecting electrode, and the first specific capacitor connected to the first specific detecting electrode is - Each of the charge and discharge circuits of the time conversion means is a second specific capacitance-time conversion means for increasing the potential of the first specific detection electrode belonging to the ground potential at the first reference by the charge control and connecting to the second specific detection electrode. In each of the charge and discharge circuits, the potential of the second specific detection electrode belonging to the charge potential is lowered by the discharge control in the second reference, and the input operation detecting means is inverted based on the first reference time from the binary signal to the binary data. The time until the first specific detecting electrode that the input operating body is approaching is detected, and any time that the input operating body approaches is detected based on the time from the second reference time of the binary signal to the inversion of the binary data. 2 specific detection electrodes.
第1特定檢測電極係利用充電控制，第2特定檢測電極係利用放電控制，由各自的特定檢測電極來檢測輸入操作體所接近的特定檢測電極，因此在將所有複數檢測電極進行充放電控制的1周期內，關於二種特定檢測電極，可檢測輸入操作體所接近的特定檢測電極。The first specific detecting electrode is charged and controlled, and the second specific detecting electrode is used to detect the specific detecting electrode that the input operating body is close to by the specific detecting electrode by the discharge control. Therefore, all the plurality of detecting electrodes are charged and discharged. For one of the two specific detection electrodes, the specific detection electrode to which the input operator is approached can be detected in one cycle.
請求項3之靜電電容式觸控面板中，第1特定檢測電極係沿著絕緣面板的單一方向所配線的複數檢測電極，第2特定檢測電極係沿著與絕緣面板的前述單一方向呈正交的方向所配線的複數檢測電極。In the capacitive touch panel of claim 3, the first specific detecting electrode is a plurality of detecting electrodes that are wired along a single direction of the insulating panel, and the second specific detecting electrode is orthogonal to the single direction of the insulating panel. The plurality of detection electrodes wired in the direction.
關於絕緣面板呈正交的2方向，可在分別將輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極進行充放電控制的1周期內進行檢測。The insulating panel is formed in two directions orthogonal to each other, and can be detected in one cycle of charging and discharging control of the detecting electrodes that are close to the input operating body.
請求項4之靜電電容式觸控面板中，具備有切換開關，其係將輸入操作檢測手段的共用輸入，選擇性連接於第1特定電容-時間轉換手段的各輸出、及第2特定電容-時間轉換手段的各輸出的任一者，切換開關係分別將輸入操作檢測手段的共用輸入，在第1特定電容-時間轉換手段的各充放電電路進行充電控制的期間，係切換連接於第1特定電容-時間轉換手段的各輸出，在第2特定電容-時間轉換手段的各充放電電路進行放電控制的期間，則係切換連接於第2特定電容-時間轉換手段的各輸出。The capacitive touch panel of claim 4 includes a changeover switch that selectively connects a common input of the input operation detecting means to each output of the first specific capacitance-time conversion means and the second specific capacitance - In any of the outputs of the time conversion means, the common input of the input operation detecting means is switched in the switching-on relationship, and the charging/discharging circuit of the first specific capacitance-time converting means performs switching control during the charging control. Each of the outputs of the specific capacitance-time conversion means switches the respective outputs connected to the second specific capacitance-time conversion means while the respective charge and discharge circuits of the second specific capacitance-time conversion means perform discharge control.
用以檢測輸入操作體所接近的第1特定檢測電極與第2特定檢測電極的二值訊號係在充放電控制彼此不同的期間中，由特定電容-時間轉換手段被輸出，因此以切換開關，將輸入操作手段的共用輸入，在供輸出用以檢測特定檢測電極的二值訊號的特定電容-時間轉換手段側作切換連接，藉此可在二種類的第1特定檢測電極與第2特定檢測電極的檢測共用輸入操作手段的共用輸入。The binary signal for detecting the first specific detecting electrode and the second specific detecting electrode that the input operating body is approaching is outputted by the specific capacitance-time converting means during the period in which the charge and discharge control are different from each other, so that the switch is switched. The common input of the input operation means is switched at the side of the specific capacitance-time conversion means for outputting the binary signal for detecting the specific detection electrode, whereby the first specific detection electrode and the second specific detection can be used in the two types. The detection of the electrodes shares the common input of the input means of operation.
請求項5之靜電電容式觸控面板中，輸入操作檢測手段係將特定檢測電極之中漂浮電容為最大的特定檢測電極的配置位置，設為進行輸入操作的輸入操作位置。In the capacitive touch panel of claim 5, the input operation detecting means sets the arrangement position of the specific detecting electrode having the largest floating capacitance among the specific detecting electrodes as the input operating position for performing the input operation.
進行輸入操作的輸入操作體為最為接近的檢測電極的漂浮電容由於與其他檢測電極的漂浮電容相比為增大，因此可將漂浮電容成為最大的檢測電極的配置位置設為輸入操作位置。The input operation body that performs the input operation is such that the floating capacitance of the closest detection electrode is larger than the floating capacitance of the other detection electrodes, so that the arrangement position of the detection electrode that maximizes the floating capacitance can be set as the input operation position.
藉由請求項1之發明，可按照與充電電壓Vdd或檢測電極的電位Vc相比較的基準電位、或動作環境，來選擇檢測精度更高的電壓控制方法。According to the invention of claim 1, the voltage control method with higher detection accuracy can be selected in accordance with the reference potential or the operating environment which is compared with the charging voltage Vdd or the potential Vc of the detecting electrode.
藉由請求項2之發明，在將檢測電極的電位進行充放電控制的1周期內，關於二種特定檢測電極，可檢測輸入操作體所接近的特定檢測電極。According to the invention of claim 2, in the one cycle in which the potential of the detecting electrode is subjected to charge and discharge control, the specific detecting electrode to which the input operating body is approached can be detected for the two specific detecting electrodes.
藉由請求項3之發明，在進行充放電控制的一周期內，以絕緣面板上呈正交的2方向，可檢測輸入操作體所接近的特定檢測電極，可在短期間內檢測二次元的輸入操作位置。According to the invention of claim 3, in the one-way period in which the charge and discharge control is performed, the specific detection electrodes to which the input operation body is approached can be detected in two directions orthogonal to each other on the insulating panel, and the secondary element can be detected in a short period of time. Enter the operating location.
藉由請求項4之發明，可利用有限的輸入位元數的輸入操作檢測手段，在短時間內由多數檢測電極來檢測輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極。According to the invention of claim 4, the input operation detecting means having a limited number of input bits can be used to detect the detecting electrode to which the input operating body is approached by a plurality of detecting electrodes in a short time.
藉由請求項5之發明，即使手指等輸入操作體末接觸檢測電極，亦僅使其接近絕緣面板，輸入操作最為接近的檢測電極的漂浮電容與其他相比為最大，因此可在絕緣面板上層積顯示元件而一面觀看顯示元件的顯示，一面以非接觸來輸入輸入操作位置。According to the invention of claim 5, even if the input terminal of the finger or the like is in contact with the detecting electrode, it is only brought close to the insulating panel, and the floating capacitance of the detecting electrode closest to the input operation is the largest compared with the others, so that it can be on the upper layer of the insulating panel. When the display element is displayed, while the display of the display element is being viewed, the input operation position is input without contact.
以下使用第1圖至第3圖，說明本發明之一實施形態之靜電電容式觸控面板(以下稱為觸控面板)1。該觸控面板1係在未圖示的絕緣面板上，分別例如在X方向以數mm的間隔彼此絕緣配置有複數X檢測電極3x1 、3x2 、3x3 、3x4 ，且在與X方向呈正交的Y方向以相同的數mm的間隔彼此絕緣配置有複數Y檢測電極3y1 、3y2 、3y3 、3y4 。在絕緣面板所佈線的X檢測電極3x與Y檢測電極3y的數量係以利用後述相同的充放電控制可檢測輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極的數量，亦即後述的第1暫存器6的輸入位元數為上限，但是以不同的充放電周期分配其輸出時，係可將前述輸入位元數的整數倍設為上限。在此，為方便說明，將第1暫存器6的輸入位元數設為4，將X檢測電極3x與Y檢測電極3y的數量分別設為4個。Hereinafter, a capacitive touch panel (hereinafter referred to as a touch panel) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The touch panel 1 is provided on an insulating panel (not shown), and is provided with a plurality of X detecting electrodes 3x 1 , 3x 2 , 3x 3 , 3x 4 , for example, in the X direction at intervals of several mm in the X direction. The plurality of Y detecting electrodes 3y 1 , 3y 2 , 3y 3 , and 3y 4 are disposed to be insulated from each other at intervals of the same number of mm in the Y direction orthogonal to each other. The number of X detecting electrodes 3x and Y detecting electrodes 3y wired on the insulating panel can detect the number of detecting electrodes that are close to the input operating body by the same charge and discharge control described later, that is, the first register 6 to be described later. The number of input bits is the upper limit, but when the output is allocated with different charge and discharge cycles, the integer multiple of the number of input bits can be set as the upper limit. Here, for convenience of explanation, the number of input bits of the first register 6 is set to four, and the number of the X detecting electrodes 3x and the Y detecting electrodes 3y is set to four.
關於各檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy係以形成在與其周圍的導電圖案、遮蔽機器的屏蔽外殼、大地之間的電容總和來表示，但是其他電容為大致一定，相對於此，若以藉由操作者所為之輸入操作，手指等輸入操作體接近時即會增大。因此，將各檢測電極3的漂浮電容Csx、Csy作比較，推定出與其他檢測電極3x、3y作比較，輸入操作的輸入操作體對漂浮電容Csx、Csy為最大的檢測電極3x、3y接近者，而檢測輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極3x、3y。The floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the respective detecting electrodes 3x and 3y are expressed by the sum of capacitances formed between the conductive patterns formed around them and the shielding case of the shielding device and the ground, but the other capacitances are substantially constant. The input operation by the operator increases when the input operator such as a finger approaches. Therefore, by comparing the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the respective detecting electrodes 3, it is estimated that the input operating bodies of the input operation are close to the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y having the largest floating capacitances Csx and Csy as compared with the other detecting electrodes 3x and 3y. And detecting the detection electrodes 3x, 3y to which the input operation body is approaching.
由於將各檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy作比較，因此如第1圖所示，在各檢測電極3x、3y係分別連接有將漂浮電容Csx、Csy以二值訊號的時間寬度表示而進行輸出的電容-時間轉換電路2。Since the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the respective detecting electrodes 3x and 3y are compared, as shown in Fig. 1, the floating capacitances Csx and Csy are connected to each of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y by the time width of the binary signal. The capacitor-time conversion circuit 2 that performs the output.
各電容-時間轉換電路2係具備有：將共用端子在基準充電電壓Vdd與接地電位GND之間作切換的充放電開關4；串聯連接於充放電開關4的共用端子與檢測電極3間，形成關於檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy的電容器(在說明上，將漂浮電容Csx、Csy的電容器稱為漂浮電容Csx、Csy)與時間常數電路的檢測電阻R1及檢測電極3x、3y的電阻R2；及將非反轉輸入連接於檢測電極3x、3y，將反轉輸入設為基準電位VSH 的比較器5。基準電位VSH 係被設定為基準充電電壓Vdd與接地電位GND之間的預定電位，在此為Vdd的50%的電位，藉此，若充放電開關4由接地電位GND被切換成基準充電電壓Vdd側時，以由檢測電阻R1、R2的電阻值與漂浮電容Csx、Csy所決定的時間常數來使漂浮電容Csx、Csy充電，若由接地電位GND上升的檢測電極3x、3y的電位超過基準電位VSH 時，比較器5的輸出Cx、Cy即進行反轉。Each of the capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 includes a charge/discharge switch 4 that switches the common terminal between the reference charge voltage Vdd and the ground potential GND, and is connected in series between the common terminal of the charge and discharge switch 4 and the detection electrode 3 to form The capacitors of the floating capacitors Csx and Csy of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y (in the description, the capacitors of the floating capacitors Csx and Csy are referred to as floating capacitors Csx and Csy), the detecting resistor R1 of the time constant circuit, and the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y. The resistor R2; and a comparator 5 that connects the non-inverting input to the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y and sets the inverting input to the reference potential VSH . The reference potential V SH is set to a predetermined potential between the reference charging voltage Vdd and the ground potential GND, here a potential of 50% of Vdd, whereby the charge/discharge switch 4 is switched to the reference charging voltage by the ground potential GND. On the Vdd side, the floating capacitors Csx and Csy are charged by the time constant determined by the resistance values of the detecting resistors R1 and R2 and the floating capacitors Csx and Csy, and the potentials of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y rising from the ground potential GND exceed the reference. At the potential V SH , the outputs Cx and Cy of the comparator 5 are inverted.
電容-時間轉換電路2的檢測電阻R1、R2的電阻值、比較器5等的電路常數、基準電位VSH 的電位係關於各電容-時間轉換電路2為相同，而且各充放電開關4係對共用端子在相同的第1基準時t0施加基準充電電壓Vdd，以在相同的第2基準時tg成為接地電位GND的方式，藉由來自第2圖所示之微電腦20的切換控制訊號a來同時作切換控制。因此，上述漂浮電容Csx、Csy由接地電位GND以基準充電電壓Vdd被充電的充電控制中的檢測電極3的電位的上升速度係由對檢測電阻R1、R2的電阻值乘以漂浮電容Csx、Csy的時間常數來決定，但是主要取決於漂浮電容Csx、Csy，漂浮電容Csx、Csy愈大，電壓的上升愈為平緩，由第1基準時t0至比較器5的輸出c進行反轉為止的時間亦愈長。同樣地，漂浮電容Csx、Csy由基準充電電壓Vdd被放電至接地電位GND為止的放電控制中的檢測電極3的電位的下降速度亦取決於檢測電阻R1、主要取決於漂浮電容Csx、Csy，漂浮電容Csx、Csy愈大，電壓的下降愈為平緩，由第2基準時tg至比較器5的輸出c進行反轉為止的時間亦愈長。一般而言，關於檢測電極3的漂浮電容Csx、Csy為約10pF，因手指等輸入操作體的接近而發生變化的漂浮電容Csx、Csy的變化量為1至3pF左右，因此由輸出c進行反轉為止的時間來判別該變化，因此將各檢測電阻R1、R2的電阻值設為10MΩ。The resistance values of the detection resistors R1 and R2 of the capacitance-time conversion circuit 2, the circuit constants of the comparator 5 and the like, and the potential of the reference potential VSH are the same for each capacitance-time conversion circuit 2, and the charge and discharge switches 4 are paired. When the common terminal is applied with the reference charging voltage Vdd at the same first reference time t0, the switching control signal a from the microcomputer 20 shown in FIG. 2 is simultaneously applied to the ground potential GND at the same second reference time tg. Switch control. Therefore, the floating capacitors Csx and Csy are increased by the potential of the detecting electrodes 3 in the charging control in which the grounding potential GND is charged by the reference charging voltage Vdd, and the resistance values of the detecting resistors R1 and R2 are multiplied by the floating capacitors Csx and Csy. The time constant is determined, but mainly depends on the floating capacitances Csx and Csy, the larger the floating capacitances Csx and Csy, the more gentle the voltage rises, and the time from the first reference time t0 to the output c of the comparator 5 is reversed. The longer it is. Similarly, the falling speed of the potential of the detecting electrode 3 in the discharge control until the floating capacitors Csx and Csy are discharged to the ground potential GND by the reference charging voltage Vdd also depends on the detecting resistor R1, mainly depending on the floating capacitances Csx, Csy, and floating. The larger the capacitances Csx and Csy, the more gentle the voltage drop, and the longer the time from the second reference time tg to the inversion of the output c of the comparator 5. In general, the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the detecting electrode 3 are about 10 pF, and the amount of change in the floating capacitances Csx and Csy which changes due to the approach of the input operating body such as a finger is about 1 to 3 pF, so that the output c is inverted. Since the change was determined by the time until the change, the resistance values of the respective detection resistors R1 and R2 were set to 10 MΩ.
如第2圖所示，各電容-時間轉換電路2的比較器5的輸出Cx1、Cx2、...、Cy1、Cy2...係按照每個一對相對應的檢測電極3x、3y的輸出Cx1與Cy1、Cx2與Cy2而與切換開關12的切換端子相連接。各切換開關12亦藉由來自微電腦20的切換控制訊號a而同時予以切換控制，充電控制中係檢測電極3x側的輸出Cx與共用端子12c相連接，放電控制中係檢測電極3y側的輸出Cy與共用端子12c相連接。As shown in Fig. 2, the outputs Cx1, Cx2, ..., Cy1, Cy2 of the comparators 5 of the respective capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 are outputted in accordance with the respective detection electrodes 3x, 3y of each pair. Cx1 and Cy1, Cx2 and Cy2 are connected to the switching terminal of the changeover switch 12. Each of the changeover switches 12 is also simultaneously switched and controlled by the switching control signal a from the microcomputer 20. In the charge control, the output Cx on the detection electrode 3x side is connected to the common terminal 12c, and in the discharge control, the output Cy on the detection electrode 3y side is It is connected to the common terminal 12c.
各切換開關12的共用端子12c係與屬於4位元的PIPO(並聯輸入並聯輸出形)暫存器的第1暫存器(T)6的各輸入相連接，以各切換開關12予以選擇連接的一方輸出為c1、c2...，作為4位元的平行資料而被並聯輸入至第1暫存器(T)6。The common terminal 12c of each of the changeover switches 12 is connected to each input of the first register (T) 6 of the PIPO (parallel input parallel output type) register belonging to 4 bits, and is selectively connected by each of the changeover switches 12. The output of one of them is c1, c2, ..., and is input in parallel to the first register (T) 6 as parallel data of 4 bits.
平行資料的各位元資料係與各輸出c1、c2、c3、c4的2值訊號的值相對應，當輸出為「H」時被記憶為「1」，為「L」時被記憶為「0」。此外，第1暫存器(T)6的並聯輸出係同樣地與屬於4位元的PIPO暫存器的第2暫存器(T-1)7的並聯輸入相連接。第1暫存器(T)6與第2暫存器(T-1)7係與微電腦20共通的移位時脈端子(SFT)與重置輸出端子(RESET)相連接，在每次由時脈端子(SFT)被輸入移位時脈時即進行所記憶的4位元的暫存器值的輸入輸出，並且若由重置輸出端子(RESET)被輸入重置訊號時，即重置所記憶的4位元的暫存器值。亦即，第1暫存器(T)6係將在被輸入移位時脈時，將作為4位元的暫存器值所記憶的各輸出c1、c2、c3、c4的二值資料加以記憶至接下來被輸入移位時脈為止，同樣地，第2暫存器(T-1)7係將由第1暫存器(T)6所被輸出的4位元的暫存器值加以記憶至接下來被輸入移位時脈為止。此外，第1暫存器(T)6若由後述的暫存器值比較電路8被輸入觸發訊號時，即將此時所記憶的暫存器值記憶在RAM10。The metadata of the parallel data corresponds to the value of the binary signal of each of the outputs c1, c2, c3, and c4. When the output is "H", it is memorized as "1", and when it is "L", it is memorized as "0." "." Further, the parallel output of the first register (T) 6 is similarly connected to the parallel input of the second register (T-1) 7 belonging to the 4-bit PIPO register. The first register (T) 6 and the second register (T-1) 7 are connected to the microcomputer 20 by a shift clock terminal (SFT) connected to the reset output terminal (RESET), each time When the clock terminal (SFT) is input to shift the clock, the input and output of the stored 4-bit register value is performed, and if the reset signal is input by the reset output terminal (RESET), the reset is reset. The stored 4-bit scratchpad value. That is, the first register (T) 6 will be the binary data of the outputs c1, c2, c3, and c4 memorized as the 4-bit register value when the shift clock is input. The memory is switched to the next time the shift clock is input. Similarly, the second register (T-1) 7 is a 4-bit register value that is output by the first register (T) 6. The memory is then input to the shift clock. Further, when the first register (T) 6 receives a trigger signal from the register value comparison circuit 8 to be described later, the register value stored at this time is stored in the RAM 10.
在每次在第1暫存器(T)6記憶輸出c1、c2、c3、c4的新的4位元的暫存器值時，在暫存器值比較電路8中，將該暫存器值與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值相比較，當至少4位元的任一位元資料不同時，則由暫存器值比較電路8被輸出觸發訊號至第1暫存器(T)6與後述的計數器11。被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值係在被輸入最新的移位時脈的瞬前被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值，因此觸發訊號係在輸出c1、c2、c3、c4的至少任一者的二值資料改變時即被輸出。Each time the new 4-bit register value of c1, c2, c3, and c4 is stored in the first register (T) 6, the register is stored in the register value comparison circuit 8. The value is compared with the register value stored in the second register (T-1) 7, and when any of the bit data of at least 4 bits is different, the buffer value comparison circuit 8 is outputted to be triggered. The signal is transmitted to the first register (T) 6 and a counter 11 which will be described later. The register value stored in the second register (T-1) 7 is stored in the register value of the first register (T) 6 immediately before the latest shift clock is input. Therefore, the trigger signal is output when the binary data of at least one of the outputs c1, c2, c3, and c4 is changed.
微電腦20係由時脈振盪電路9輸入時脈訊號，在此藉由將50MHz的時脈訊號的頻率分頻後的頻率的上述移位時脈來控制暫存器6、7的動作，並且在後述時序將切換控制訊號a輸入至各充放電開關4與各切換開關12，分別作切換控制。在此，藉由輸入操作至輸出c的二值資料進行反轉為止的時間差為10至30μsec左右，因此移位時脈的頻率係為了確實檢測該時間差，而形成為至少1MHz以上的頻率。The microcomputer 20 receives a clock signal from the clock oscillation circuit 9, and controls the operation of the registers 6, 7 by the above-mentioned shift clock of the frequency obtained by dividing the frequency of the 50 MHz clock signal, and In the timing described later, the switching control signal a is input to each of the charge and discharge switch 4 and each of the changeover switches 12, and is switched and controlled. Here, since the time difference from the input operation to the binary data of the output c is about 10 to 30 μsec, the frequency of the shift clock is formed to a frequency of at least 1 MHz or more in order to surely detect the time difference.
此外，微電腦20係根據按每個第3圖的檢測周期Tp產生關連地被記憶在RAM10的計數值與暫存器值的組合，關於相正交的XY方向的檢測電極3x、3y分別檢測輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極3，由該檢測電極3x、3y的XY方向的配置位置來執行輸出以2次元表示的輸入操作位置的檢測 處理。Further, the microcomputer 20 generates a combination of the count value and the register value which are stored in the RAM 10 in association with each other in accordance with the detection period Tp of each FIG. 3, and detects the input with respect to the detection electrodes 3x and 3y in the XY directions which are orthogonal to each other. The detection electrode 3 approaching the operation body performs the detection of the input operation position indicated by the second dimension by the arrangement position of the detection electrodes 3x and 3y in the XY direction. deal with.
計數器11係以將由時脈振盪電路9所被輸出的時脈訊號的頻率進行分頻所得的頻率，將計數值上數(count up)。計數器11的計數值係在第1基準時t0的時序以由微電腦20所被輸出的重置訊號予以重置，若由暫存器值比較電路8被輸入觸發訊號時，如第2圖所示，此時的計數值被輸出至RAM10。The counter 11 counts up the count value by dividing the frequency obtained by dividing the frequency of the clock signal output from the clock oscillation circuit 9. The count value of the counter 11 is reset at the timing of the first reference time t0 by the reset signal outputted by the microcomputer 20, and when the trigger signal is input from the register value comparison circuit 8, as shown in FIG. At this time, the count value is output to the RAM 10.
如第2圖所示，作為暫時記憶裝置的RAM10係在每當由暫存器值比較電路8被輸出觸發訊號時，使此時的計數器11的計數值與被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值產生關連地加以記憶，至被輸入所有位元資料成為「0」的暫存器值為止，將與計數值產生關連的各組合加以記憶。被記憶在RAM10的該等各組合的資料係每隔檢測周期Tp在下一個周期的基準時t0到來前藉由來自微電腦20的控制予以清除(clear)。As shown in FIG. 2, the RAM 10 as the temporary memory device causes the count value of the counter 11 at this time to be stored in the first register every time the trigger signal is output from the register value comparison circuit 8. The register value of T)6 is stored in a correlated manner until the register value in which all the bit data becomes "0" is input, and each combination associated with the count value is memorized. The data of the respective combinations stored in the RAM 10 are cleared by the control from the microcomputer 20 every detection period Tp before the arrival of the reference time t0 of the next cycle.
以下說明藉由如上所示所構成的觸控面板1來檢測輸入操作的動作。微電腦20係以檢測輸入操作的動作模式，如第3圖所示，以在將各檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy進行充放電的充電時間Tc與進行放電的放電時間Td加上休止時間Tr的檢測周期Tp，來反覆輸入操作的檢測。充電時間Tc係從將充放電開關4切換成充電電壓Vdd側的第1基準時t0至切換成接地電位GND的第2基準時tg為止的時間，無關於有無輸入操作，被設定為屬於所有檢測電極3的接地電位GND的電位到達充電電壓Vdd充分的經過時間。漂浮電容Cs的最大值為10pF左右，在本實施形態中，透過10MΩ之串聯連接的檢測電阻R1、R2而使漂浮電容Csx、Csy被充電，因此檢測電極3的電位大致到達充電電壓Vdd為止的過渡期間為500μsec，將至第2基準時tg為止的充電時間Tc設為500μsec。The operation of the input operation by the touch panel 1 configured as described above will be described below. The microcomputer 20 is configured to detect an operation mode of the input operation, and as shown in FIG. 3, the charging time Tc for charging and discharging the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the respective detecting electrodes 3x and 3y and the discharging time Td for discharging are added to the rest. The detection period Tp of the time Tr is repeated to detect the input operation. The charging time Tc is set from the first reference time t0 when the charge/discharge switch 4 is switched to the second reference time t0 of the ground potential GND to the second reference time tg of the ground potential GND, and is set to belong to all the detections regardless of the presence or absence of the input operation. The potential of the ground potential GND of the electrode 3 reaches the elapsed time of the charging voltage Vdd. The maximum value of the floating capacitor Cs is about 10 pF. In the present embodiment, the floating capacitors Csx and Csy are charged by the series-connected detecting resistors R1 and R2 of 10 MΩ. Therefore, the potential of the detecting electrode 3 reaches the charging voltage Vdd substantially. The transition period was 500 μsec, and the charging time Tc up to the second reference time tg was 500 μsec.
此外，關於放電時間Td，亦無關於輸入操作的有無，成為充電電壓Vdd的所有檢測電極3的電位被設定為降低至接地電位GND為止充分的經過時間，被設定為與充電時間Tc為相同的500μsec。為了更加縮短輸入操作的檢測時間，亦可將已經過放電時間Td的時點設為接下來的周期的第1基準時t0，而不一定在檢測周期Tp設置休止時間Tr，在本實施形態中，係設置1msec的休止時間Tr，將檢測周期Tp設為2msec。微電腦20係由該放電時間Td至休止時間Tr，進行由被記憶在RAM10的資料計算出輸入操作位置的檢測處理。In addition, the discharge time Td is not related to the presence or absence of the input operation, and the elapsed time until the potential of all the detection electrodes 3 of the charging voltage Vdd is set to the ground potential GND is set to be the same as the charging time Tc. 500μsec. In order to further shorten the detection time of the input operation, the time point of the overdischarge time Td may be set as the first reference time t0 of the next cycle, and the rest time Tr may not be set in the detection cycle Tp. In the present embodiment, The rest time Tr of 1 msec is set, and the detection period Tp is set to 2 msec. The microcomputer 20 performs detection processing for calculating the input operation position from the data stored in the RAM 10 from the discharge time Td to the rest time Tr.
如上所示，藉由本實施形態，由於對多數的電容-時間轉換電路2的漂浮電容Cs同時進行充放電，因此不需要按每個電容-時間轉換電路2在不同的期間進行充放電控制，即使設置充分長的休止時間Tr，亦可以較短的檢測周期Tp來檢測輸入操作。因此，即使為微電腦20檢測輸入操作的動作模式，亦可在使用於電力消耗量少、遙控送訊機或行動電話機等無法由外部獲得電源的攜帶式機器的輸入裝置時，無須替換電池即可長時間使用。As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the floating capacitance Cs of the plurality of capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 is simultaneously charged and discharged, it is not necessary to perform charge/discharge control for each of the capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 in different periods, even if By setting a sufficiently long rest time Tr, it is also possible to detect an input operation with a short detection period Tp. Therefore, even if the microcomputer 20 detects the operation mode of the input operation, it is possible to use the input device of the portable device such as a remote power transmitter or a mobile phone that cannot obtain power from the outside, without replacing the battery. Use for a long time.
微電腦20係在第1基準時t0由重置輸出端子(RESET)輸出重置訊號，將第1暫存器(T)6與第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值與計數器11的計數值重置，並且清除被記憶在RAM10的資料。在此，由於使在第1基準時t0的第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值記憶在RAM10，因此將第1暫存器(T)6與第2暫存器(T-1)7所重置的暫存器值全部設為「0」，但是在經過檢測周期Tp的時點，第1暫存器(T)6與第2暫存器(T-1)7的各暫存器值係成為「0」，因此並不一定需要進行重置。The microcomputer 20 outputs a reset signal from the reset output terminal (RESET) at the first reference t0, and the register values of the first register (T) 6 and the second register (T-1) 7 are The count value of the counter 11 is reset, and the data stored in the RAM 10 is cleared. Here, since the register value of the first register (T) 6 at the first reference time t0 is stored in the RAM 10, the first register (T) 6 and the second register (T-) are stored. 1) The reset register values reset by 7 are all set to "0", but each of the first register (T) 6 and the second register (T-1) 7 at the time when the detection period Tp has elapsed. The scratchpad value is "0" and therefore does not necessarily need to be reset.
此外，微電腦20係在相同的第1基準時t0將切換控制訊號a輸出至各切換開關12與各電容-時間轉換電路2的充放電開關4而作切換控制。藉由輸出在第1基準時t0由「L」成為「H」的切換控制訊號a，各電容-時間轉換電路2係成為充電控制模式，各切換開關12係將檢測電極3x側的輸出Cx作為輸出c1、c2...而平行輸出至第1暫存器6。此外，各檢測電極3x、3y係由接地電位GND被切換成充電電壓Vdd側，將檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy以充電電壓Vdd進行充電。至第1基準時t0為止，充放電開關4被切換成接地電位GND的各檢測電極3x、3y的電位為基準電位VSH 以下的接地電位GND，因此基準時t0的各比較器5的輸出cx1、cx2、cx3、cx4均為「L」，記憶4位元的「0000」的平行資料至第1暫存器(T)6。Further, the microcomputer 20 outputs the switching control signal a to the respective switching switches 12 and the charge and discharge switches 4 of the respective capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 at the same first reference time t0 for switching control. By outputting the switching control signal a from "L" to "H" at the first reference time t0, each of the capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 is in the charging control mode, and each switching switch 12 uses the output Cx on the detecting electrode 3x side as The outputs c1, c2, ... are output in parallel to the first register 6. Further, each of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y is switched to the charging voltage Vdd side by the ground potential GND, and the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y are charged by the charging voltage Vdd. Between the first reference date t0, charging and discharging the sensing electrodes 3x is switched to the ground potential GND switch 4, the potential 3y as a reference potential V SH below the ground potential GND, so the reference of each comparator t0 output cx1 5 of , cx2, cx3, and cx4 are all "L", and the parallel data of "0000" of 4 bits is memorized to the first register (T) 6.
暫存器值比較電路8係設為在重置時亦即第1基準時t0將觸發訊號輸出至計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6者，如第2圖所示，RAM10係將表示第1基準時t0的計數值C(t0)、與在第1基準時t0被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「0000」產生關連地加以記憶。The register value comparison circuit 8 is configured to output a trigger signal to the counter 11 and the first register (T) 6 at the first reference time t0 at the time of resetting, as shown in FIG. 2, the RAM 10 system will The count value C(t0) indicating the first reference time t0 is stored in association with the register value "0000" stored in the first register (T) 6 at the first reference time t0.
若將作串聯連接的電阻R1與檢測電極3x、3y的電阻R2的電阻值的和設為r、將檢測電極與接地間的漂浮電容設為c、將由施加充電電壓Vdd的基準時的經過時間設為t、將自然對數設為ε，藉由該充電控制，位於接地電位GND的各檢測電極3x、3y的電位Vc係以The sum of the resistance values of the resistor R1 connected in series and the resistor R2 of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y is r, the floating capacitance between the detecting electrode and the ground is c, and the elapsed time when the reference of the charging voltage Vdd is applied Let t be, and set the natural logarithm to ε. With this charge control, the potential Vc of each of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y at the ground potential GND is
Vc=Vdd(1-ε-t/cr )... (1)式Vc=Vdd(1-ε -t/cr )... (1)
上升，漂浮電容c愈小，愈急速上升。Ascending, the smaller the floating capacitance c, the faster it rises.
在此，假設進行輸入操作之手指等輸入操作體以X方向接近檢測電極3x2的配置位置時，由於遠離輸入操作體，不會受到因輸入操作體所造成的影響的檢測電極3x4的漂浮電容Csx4為最小，因此如第3圖所示，關於各檢測電極3x以與相同電阻值的時間常數上升的檢測電極3x4的電位bx4會在最早的時刻t1超越基準電位VSH 。結果，比較器5的輸出c4由「L」反轉成「H」，在第1暫存器(T)6記憶有最下位位元成為「1」的平行資料「0001」。暫存器值比較電路8由於該暫存器值與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值「0000」不同，因此對計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6輸出觸發訊號，將表示時刻t1的計數值C(t1)、與重新記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「0001」產生關連地記憶在RAM10。Here, it is assumed that when the input operation body such as the finger that performs the input operation approaches the arrangement position of the detection electrode 3x2 in the X direction, the floating capacitance Csx4 of the detection electrode 3x4 that is not affected by the input operation body is not affected by the input operation body. minimum, therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, on each of the detection electrodes 3x rise time constant to the same resistance value detected bx4 3x4 electrode potential will be at the earliest time t1 than the reference potential V SH. As a result, the output c4 of the comparator 5 is inverted from "L" to "H", and the parallel data "0001" in which the lowest bit is "1" is stored in the first register (T) 6. Since the register value comparison circuit 8 is different from the register value "0000" stored in the second register (T-1) 7, the counter 11 and the first register (T) The output trigger signal 6 is stored in the RAM 10 in association with the count value C(t1) indicating the time t1 and the register value "0001" re-stored in the first register (T) 6.
接著，被配置在檢測電極3x2的兩側且相對接近檢測電極3x2的輸入操作體，以大致等距離所配置的檢測電極3x1與檢測電極3x3的漂浮電容Csx1、Csx3係大於漂浮電容Csx4，檢測電極3x1、3x3的電位bx1、bx3在時刻t2超過基準電位VSH ，比較器5的輸出c1、c3由「L」反轉成「H」，在第1暫存器(T)6記憶有平行資料「1011」。暫存器值比較電路8係由於該暫存器值的第1位元與第3位元與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值「0001」不同，因此對計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6輸出觸發訊號，在RAM10與表示時刻t2的計數值C(t2)產生關連記憶有重新被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「1011」。Next, the input operating body disposed on both sides of the detecting electrode 3x2 and relatively close to the detecting electrode 3x2, the floating capacitances Csx1 and Csx3 of the detecting electrode 3x1 and the detecting electrode 3x3 disposed substantially equidistantly are larger than the floating capacitor Csx4, and the detecting electrode potential of bx1 3x1,3x3, BX3 at time t2 exceeds the reference potential V SH, the output of the comparator c1 5, c3 inverted from "L" to "H", the first register 1 (T) 6 parallel memory data "1011". In the register value comparison circuit 8, since the first bit and the third bit of the register value are different from the register value "0001" stored in the second register (T-1) 7, The counter 11 and the first register (T) 6 output a trigger signal, and the RAM 10 and the count value C(t2) indicating the time t2 are associated with each other and are temporarily stored in the first register (T) 6 for temporary storage. The value of the device is "1011".
最為接近輸入操作位置的檢測電極3x2的漂浮電容Csx2與其他相比較成為最大，因此如第3圖所示，該檢測電極3x2的電位bx2係在時刻t3 的最後超過基準電位VSH ，比較器5的輸出c2由「L」反轉成「H」。結果，在第1暫存器(T)6係在時刻t3 記憶平行資料「1111」，暫存器值比較電路8係由於該暫存器值與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值「1011」不同，因此對計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6輸出觸發訊號，如第2圖所示，將表示時刻t3的計數值C(t3)、及被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「1111」產生關連地記憶在RAM10。Closest to the input position detection electrode stray capacitance Csx2 3x2 is the largest compared with others, so as shown in FIG. 3, the potential of the detecting electrode 3x2 bx2 based on the last time t 3 exceeds the reference voltage V SH, comparator The output c2 of 5 is inverted from "L" to "H". As a result, the first register 1 (T) 6 at the time t 3 memory based parallel data "1111", the register value is due to the comparison circuit 8 and the register value is memorized in the second register (T- 1) The register value "1011" of 7 is different, so the trigger signal is output to the counter 11 and the first register (T) 6, and as shown in Fig. 2, the count value C(t3) at time t3 is indicated, The register value "1111" stored in the first register (T) 6 is stored in the RAM 10 in association with each other.
微電腦20係在由該第1基準時t0經過充電時間Tc後的第2基準時tg，將切換控制訊號a的輸出由「H」形成為「L」，將各充放電開關4由充電電壓Vdd側切換成接地電位GND，在放電時間Td中將被蓄積在各漂浮電容Cs的電荷進行放電，使各電容-時間轉換電路2移至將所有檢測電極3的電位設為接地電位GND的放電控制模式。此外，各切換開關12係接受「H」至「L」的切換控制訊號a，將檢測電極3y側的輸出Cy作為輸出c1、c2...而平行輸出至第1暫存器6。The microcomputer 20 sets the output of the switching control signal a from "H" to "L" at the second reference time tg after the charging time Tc elapses from the first reference time t0, and sets the charge and discharge switch 4 to the charging voltage Vdd. The side is switched to the ground potential GND, and the electric charge accumulated in each floating capacitor Cs is discharged during the discharge time Td, and the respective capacitance-time conversion circuits 2 are moved to the discharge control in which the potentials of all the detection electrodes 3 are set to the ground potential GND. mode. Further, each of the changeover switches 12 receives the switching control signal a of "H" to "L", and outputs the output Cy of the detecting electrode 3y side as the outputs c1, c2, ... to the first register 6 in parallel.
在由第1基準時t0經過過渡期間以上的500μsec的第2基準時tg，所有檢測電極3x、3y的電位超過基準電位VSH ，因此即使檢測電極3y側的輸出Cy被輸出至第1暫存器(T)6，被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「1111」並不會改變，但是暫存器值比較電路8在第2基準時tg中亦將觸發訊號輸出至計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6，如第2圖所示，RAM10係將表示第2基準時tg的計數值C(tg)、及在第2基準時tg被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「1111」產生關連地加以記憶。At t0 passes above the second transition period tg by the reference 500μsec of the reference 1, all the detection electrodes 3x, 3y potential exceeds the reference potential V SH, the output side of Cy 3y even if the detection electrode is output to the first temporary (T) 6, the register value "1111" stored in the first register (T) 6 does not change, but the register value comparison circuit 8 will also trigger the signal in the second reference time tg. Output to the counter 11 and the first register (T) 6. As shown in Fig. 2, the RAM 10 stores the count value C(tg) of the tg at the second reference and the tg at the second reference. The register value "1111" of the scratchpad (T) 6 is correlated and memorized.
將位於充電電壓Vdd的檢測電極3x、3y透過電阻R1、R2而作接地電位的放電控制下的檢測電極的電位Vc，若將由形成為充電電壓Vdd之第2基準時tg的經過時間設為t’，則以The potential Vc of the detecting electrode under the discharge control of the grounding potential by the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y of the charging voltage Vdd is transmitted through the resistors R1 and R2, and the elapsed time tg from the second reference formed as the charging voltage Vdd is t. ', then
Vc=Vddxε-t’/cr ... (2)式Vc=Vddxε -t'/cr (2)
下降，漂浮電容c愈小，愈急速下降。When it falls, the smaller the floating capacitance c, the faster it drops.
假設進行輸入操作之手指等輸入操作體接近檢測電極3y3的配置位置時，由於遠離輸入操作體，不會受到因輸入操作體所造成的影響的檢測電極3y1的漂浮電容Csy1為最小，因此如第3圖所示，關於各檢測電極3y以與相同的電阻值的時間常數下降的檢測電極3y1的電位by1在最早的時刻t4超過基準電位VSH 而下降。結果，比較器5的輸出c1由「H」反轉成「L」，在第1暫存器(T)6記憶有最上位位元成為「0」的平行資料「0111」。暫存器值比較電路8由於該暫存器值與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值「1111」不同，因此對計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6輸出觸發訊號，將表示時刻t4的計數值C(t4)、與重新記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「0111」產生關連地記憶在RAM10。When the input operation body such as the finger that performs the input operation approaches the arrangement position of the detection electrode 3y3, since the floating capacitance Csy1 of the detection electrode 3y1 is not affected by the input operation body, the distance from the input operation body is minimized. , regarding each of the detection electrodes to decrease 3y the same time constant as the resistance value detected by1 3y1 electrode potential at the earliest time t4 exceeds the reference potential V SH 3 drops FIG. As a result, the output c1 of the comparator 5 is inverted from "H" to "L", and the parallel data "0111" in which the highest-order bit is "0" is stored in the first register (T) 6. Since the register value comparison circuit 8 is different from the register value "1111" stored in the second register (T-1) 7, the counter 11 and the first register (T) 6 outputs a trigger signal, and the count value C(t4) indicating the time t4 is stored in the RAM 10 in association with the register value "0111" re-stored in the first register (T) 6.
接著，被配置在檢測電極3y3的兩側且相對接近檢測電極3y3的輸入操作體，以大致等距離所配置的檢測電極3y2與檢測電極3y4的漂浮電容Csy2、Csy4係大於漂浮電容Csy1，檢測電極3y2、3y4的電位by2、by4在時刻t5成為未達基準電位VSH ，比較器5的輸出c2、c4由「H」反轉成「L」，在第1暫存器(T)6記憶有平行資料「0010」。暫存器值比較電路8係由於該暫存器值的第2位元與第4位元與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值「0111」不同，因此對計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6輸出觸發訊號，在RAM10與表示時刻t5的計數值C(t5)產生關連記憶有重新被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「0010」。Next, the input operating body disposed on both sides of the detecting electrode 3y3 and relatively close to the detecting electrode 3y3, the floating capacitances Csy2, Csy4 of the detecting electrode 3y2 and the detecting electrode 3y4 disposed substantially equidistantly are larger than the floating capacitor Csy1, and the detecting electrode by2 3y2,3y4 of potential, BY4 at time t5 becomes less than the reference potential V SH, the comparator output c2 5, c4 from "H" is inverted into "L", the first register (T) 6 with a memory Parallel data "0010". In the register value comparison circuit 8, since the second bit and the fourth bit of the register value are different from the register value "0111" stored in the second register (T-1) 7, The counter 11 and the first register (T) 6 output a trigger signal, and the RAM 10 and the count value C(t5) indicating the time t5 are associated with each other and are temporarily stored in the first register (T) 6 for temporary storage. The value is "0010".
最為接近輸入操作位置的檢測電極3y3的漂浮電容Csy3與其他相比較係成為最大，因此如第3圖所示，該檢測電極3y3的電位by3係在時刻t6的最後成為未達基準電位VSH ，比較器5的輸出c3由「L」反轉成「H」。結果，在第1暫存器(T)6係在時刻t6記憶平行資料「0000」，暫存器值比較電路8係由於該暫存器值與被記憶在第2暫存器(T-1)7的暫存器值「0010」不同，因此對計數器11與第1暫存器(T)6輸出觸發訊號，如第2圖所示，將表示時刻t6的計數值C(t6)、及被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「0000」產生關連地記憶在RAM10。Closest to the input position detecting electrodes Csy3 3y3 stray capacitance as compared with the other lines becomes maximum, so as shown in FIG. 3, the detection system 3Y3 by3 electrode potential in the last time t6 becomes less than the reference potential V SH, The output c3 of the comparator 5 is inverted from "L" to "H". As a result, in the first register (T) 6, the parallel data "0000" is stored at time t6, and the register value comparison circuit 8 is stored in the second register (T-1). The register value "0010" of 7 is different, so the trigger signal is output to the counter 11 and the first register (T) 6, as shown in Fig. 2, the count value C(t6) at time t6, and The register value "0000" stored in the first register (T) 6 is stored in the RAM 10 in association with each other.
在由第2基準時tg更加經過過渡期間以上的500μsec的時點，所有檢測電極3x、3y的電位係成為未達基準電位VSH ，被記憶在第1暫存器(T)6的暫存器值「0000」係在接下來的周期Tp的第1基準時t0到來的休止時間Tr的期間不會改變。微電腦20係在該休止時間Tr中，讀出被記憶在RAM10的各計數值C(t)與暫存器值的組合。計數值C(t)係表示由開始充電的基準時t0的經過時間，暫存器值係表示與其瞬前的組合的暫存器值相比較而位元資料改變的位元。此外，各暫存器值的位元係與各檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy相對應而依漂浮電容Csx、Csy的大小，由第1基準時t0或第2基準時tg的經過時間會變長，因此微電腦20可由被記憶在RAM10的各組合的資料，將檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy的大小分為X側的檢測電極3x與Y側的檢測電極3y而分別作比較。When the second reference time tg further exceeds the transition period of 500 μsec or more, the potentials of all the detection electrodes 3x and 3y become the register that is not in the reference potential VSH and is stored in the first register (T) 6. The value "0000" does not change during the period of the rest time Tr from the first reference time t0 of the next period Tp. The microcomputer 20 reads out the combination of the count value C(t) stored in the RAM 10 and the register value in the rest time Tr. The count value C(t) indicates the elapsed time from the reference t0 at which charging is started, and the register value indicates the bit in which the bit data is changed in comparison with the register value of the combination before the moment. Further, the bit of each register value corresponds to the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the respective detection electrodes 3x and 3y, and depends on the magnitude of the floating capacitances Csx and Csy, and is determined by the first reference time t0 or the second reference time tg. Since the time is longer, the microcomputer 20 can divide the sizes of the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the detecting electrodes 3x and 3y into the detecting electrodes 3x on the X side and the detecting electrodes 3y on the Y side, respectively, by the data stored in each combination of the RAM 10. compared to.
如第2圖所示，在X側的檢測電極3x，由於4位元的位元資料依第4位元(LSB)、第1位元(MSB)與第3位元、第2位元的順序改變，因此檢測出漂浮電容Csx係依Csx4、Csx1與Csx3、Csx2的順序變大。藉此，微電腦20係可判定出關於X方向，輸入操作體接近漂浮電容Csx為最大的檢測電極3x2，將該檢測電極3x2的配置位置在X方向設為輸入操作位置。As shown in FIG. 2, the detection electrode 3x on the X side has a 4-bit bit data according to the 4th bit (LSB), the 1st bit (MSB), the 3rd bit, and the 2nd bit. Since the order is changed, it is detected that the floating capacitance Csx is increased in the order of Csx4, Csx1, Csx3, and Csx2. Thereby, the microcomputer 20 can determine that the input operation body is close to the detection electrode 3x2 having the largest floating capacitance Csx in the X direction, and the arrangement position of the detection electrode 3x2 is the input operation position in the X direction.
此外，在Y側的檢測電極3y，由於4位元的位元資料依第1位元(MSB)、第2位元與第4位元(LSB)、第3位元的順序改變，因此檢測出漂浮電容Csy係依Csy1、Csy2與Csy4、Csy3的順序變大。藉此，微電腦20係關於Y方向，可判定為輸入操作體接近漂浮電容Csy為最大的檢測電極3y3者，將該檢測電極3y3的配置位置設為在Y方向的輸入操作位置。藉此，微電腦20係將檢測電極3x2與檢測電極3y3的配置位置作為二次元的輸入操作位置而輸出至將未圖示的顯示畫面上的游標移動控制或電子機器的動作進行控制的外部控制電路，執行對應於輸入操作位置的預定處理。Further, in the detection electrode 3y on the Y side, since the bit data of 4 bits is changed in the order of the 1st bit (MSB), the 2nd bit, the 4th bit (LSB), and the 3rd bit, the detection is performed. The floating capacitance Csy is increased in the order of Csy1, Csy2, Csy4, and Csy3. In this way, the microcomputer 20 can determine that the input operation body is close to the detection electrode 3y3 having the largest floating capacitance Csy in the Y direction, and the arrangement position of the detection electrode 3y3 is the input operation position in the Y direction. In this way, the microcomputer 20 outputs the arrangement position of the detecting electrode 3x2 and the detecting electrode 3y3 as an input operation position of the secondary element to the external control circuit that controls the cursor movement control or the operation of the electronic device on the display screen (not shown). , a predetermined process corresponding to the input operation position is performed.
微電腦20係在休止時間Tr的期間，檢測輸入操作位置之後，在下一個周期Tp的第1基準時t0前，將被記憶在RAM10的資料清除。The microcomputer 20, after detecting the input operation position during the rest time Tr, clears the data stored in the RAM 10 before the first reference time t0 of the next cycle Tp.
其中，輸入操作位置的檢測亦可比較複數檢測電極3x、3y的漂浮電容Csx、Csy的大小，關於XY的各方向，將由將複數漂浮電容Csx、Csy按比例分配所得的比所得的檢測電極3x、3y的配置位置間的位置作為輸入操作位置。The detection of the input operation position may also compare the magnitudes of the floating capacitances Csx and Csy of the plurality of detection electrodes 3x and 3y, and the detection electrodes 3x obtained by proportionally distributing the complex floating capacitances Csx and Csy in all directions of XY. The position between the 3y configuration positions is used as the input operation position.
在上述實施形態中，將被配置在絕緣面板的複數檢測電極分為X側的檢測電極3x與Y側的檢測電極3y，將其中一方進行充電控制，將另一方進行放電控制，來檢測輸入操作體所接近的檢測電極，但是關於所有檢測電極，亦可以相同的充電控制或放電控制來進行控制，以動作環境或基準電壓Vdd、基準電位VSH 等的關係，來選擇最適於檢測的其中一方的控制。In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of detection electrodes disposed on the insulating panel are divided into the detection electrode 3x on the X side and the detection electrode 3y on the Y side, and one of them is subjected to charge control, and the other is subjected to discharge control to detect an input operation. body is close to the detection electrode, but with respect to all the detection electrodes, also may be the same charging control or the discharging control to control, to the relationship between the operating environment or a reference voltage Vdd, the reference potential V SH like to select one most suitable for the detection of control.
本發明係適於在輸入操作面上配置顯示器，以檢測非接觸之輸入操作的靜電電容式觸控面板。The present invention is suitable for configuring a display on an input operation surface to detect a capacitive touch panel that is in contactless input operation.
1‧‧‧本實施形態之靜電電容式觸控面板1‧‧‧Capacitive touch panel of this embodiment
2‧‧‧電容-時間轉換電路(電容-時間轉換手段)2‧‧‧Capacitance-time conversion circuit (capacitor-time conversion means)
3、3x1 、3x2 、3x3 、3x4 、3y、3y1 、3y2 、3y3 、3y4 ‧‧‧檢測電極 3 , 3x 1 , 3x 2 , 3x 3 , 3x 4 , 3y , 3y 1 , 3y 2 , 3y 3 , 3y 4 ‧ ‧ detection electrode
4‧‧‧充放電開關4‧‧‧Charge and discharge switch
5‧‧‧比較器5‧‧‧ comparator
6‧‧‧第1暫存器(T)6‧‧‧1st register (T)
7‧‧‧第2暫存器(T-1)7‧‧‧2nd register (T-1)
8‧‧‧暫存器值比較電路8‧‧‧ register value comparison circuit
9‧‧‧時脈振盪電路9‧‧‧clock oscillation circuit
12‧‧‧切換開關12‧‧‧Toggle switch
12c‧‧‧共用端子12c‧‧‧share terminal
20‧‧‧微電腦(輸入操作檢測手段)20‧‧‧Microcomputer (input operation detection means)
100‧‧‧靜電電容式觸控面板100‧‧‧Capacitive touch panel
101‧‧‧Y電極101‧‧‧Y electrode
102‧‧‧X電極102‧‧‧X electrode
103‧‧‧控制手段103‧‧‧Control means
a‧‧‧切換控制訊號a‧‧‧Switch control signal
bx1、bx2、bx4、by1、by2、by3、by4‧‧‧電位Bx1, bx2, bx4, by1, by2, by3, by4‧‧‧ potential
c1、c2、cx1、cx2、cx3、cx4、cy1、cy2‧‧‧輸出C1, c2, cx1, cx2, cx3, cx4, cy1, cy2‧‧‧ output
Csx、Csx1、Csx2、Csx3、Csx4、Csy、Csy1、Csy2、Csy3、Csy4‧‧‧漂浮電容Csx, Csx1, Csx2, Csx3, Csx4, Csy, Csy1, Csy2, Csy3, Csy4‧‧‧ Floating Capacitors
GND‧‧‧接地電位GND‧‧‧ Ground potential
R1、R2‧‧‧檢測電阻R1, R2‧‧‧ sense resistor
Vdd‧‧‧基準充電電壓Vdd‧‧‧reference charging voltage
VSH ‧‧‧基準電位V SH ‧‧‧reference potential
第1圖係顯示本發明之一實施形態之靜電電容式觸控面板1之複數檢測電極3與電容-時間轉換電路2的電路圖。Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a plurality of detecting electrodes 3 and a capacitance-time converting circuit 2 of a capacitive touch panel 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖係顯示靜電電容式觸控面板1之輸入操作位置檢測電路(輸入操作檢測手段)的區塊圖。Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an input operation position detecting circuit (input operation detecting means) of the capacitive touch panel 1.
第3圖係顯示第1圖之a、b、c之各波形的波形圖。Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms of a, b, and c in Fig. 1.
第4圖係顯示習知的靜電電容式觸控面板100的區塊圖。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a conventional capacitive touch panel 100.
1．．．本實施形態之靜電電容式觸控面板1. . . Capacitive touch panel of this embodiment
2．．．電容-時間轉換電路(電容-時間轉換手段)2. . . Capacitance-time conversion circuit (capacitor-time conversion means)
3x1 、3x2 、3y1 、3y2 ．．．檢測電極3x 1 , 3x 2 , 3y 1 , 3y 2 . . . Detection electrode
4．．．充放電開關4. . . Charge and discharge switch
5．．．比較器5. . . Comparators
12．．．切換開關12. . . Toggle switch
12c．．．共用端子12c. . . Common terminal
a．．．切換控制訊號a. . . Switching control signal
bx1、bx2、by1、by2．．．電位Bx1, bx2, by1, by2. . . Potential
c1、c2、cx1、cx2、cy1、cy2．．．輸出C1, c2, cx1, cx2, cy1, cy2. . . Output
Csx1、Csx2、Csy1、Csy2．．．漂浮電容Csx1, Csx2, Csy1, Csy2. . . Floating capacitor
R1、R2．．．檢測電阻R1, R2. . . Sense resistor
Vdd．．．基準充電電壓Vdd. . . Reference charging voltage
VSH ．．．基準電位V SH . . . Reference potential
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| US20070170931A1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Snyder Warren S | Successive approximate capacitance measurement circuit |
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| US20100053097A1 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-03-04 | Stmicroelectronics Asia Pacific Pte Ltd. | Capacitive touch sensor system |
| US20100066391A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-03-18 | Sony Corporation | Capacitance change measuring circuit of capacitive sensor device, capacitive sensor module, method of measuring capacitance change of capacitive sensor device, and electronic device |
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| JPH10124256A (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 1998-05-15 | Sharp Corp | Display integrated type tablet device |
| US20070170931A1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Snyder Warren S | Successive approximate capacitance measurement circuit |
| JP2010015262A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-21 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Electrostatic detection device and electrostatic detection method |
| US20100066391A1 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-03-18 | Sony Corporation | Capacitance change measuring circuit of capacitive sensor device, capacitive sensor module, method of measuring capacitance change of capacitive sensor device, and electronic device |
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