TWI464989B - 交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路 - Google Patents
交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI464989B TWI464989B TW100119989A TW100119989A TWI464989B TW I464989 B TWI464989 B TW I464989B TW 100119989 A TW100119989 A TW 100119989A TW 100119989 A TW100119989 A TW 100119989A TW I464989 B TWI464989 B TW I464989B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- power
- field effect
- effect transistor
- frequency filter
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4258—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關一種交直流交換式電源轉換器,特別是關於一種交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路。
如圖1所示,交直流交換式電源轉換器具有交流電源輸入端10及12供連接交流電源,高頻濾波電容CX1連接在交流電源輸入端10及12之間以濾除高頻訊號,控制器14提供控制信號Vg切換功率開關Q1,將來自交流電源輸入端10及12的能量經變壓器T1傳遞到負載電容CL,因而產生直流的輸出電壓Vo。當交流電源被移除時,高頻濾波電容CX1上殘留直流電壓,其大小為該交流電源移除瞬間的電壓值,有可能造成觸電危險。習知的解決方法係使用洩放串聯的電阻R1及R2並聯到高頻濾波電容CX1,使高頻濾波電容CX1的電壓在交流電源移除後的規範的時間內降低到安全範圍內。然而,洩放電阻R1及R2會造成額外的功率損失P_loss=(Vin_rms)2
/(R1+R2),其中Vin_rms係交流電源的均方根值。交直流交換式電源轉換器在無載或待機模式時,洩放電阻R1及R2造成的功率損失將更嚴重,因此難以符合最新的綠能規範。
本發明的目的之一,在於提出一種交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路。
根據本發明,一種交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路包括整流電路整流連接在該交直流交換式電源轉換器的第一及第二交流電源輸入端之間的高頻濾波電容的第一電壓而產生第二電壓,接面場效電晶體具有輸入端接收該第二電壓,電源移除偵測電路偵測該接面場效電晶體的輸出端上的第三電壓,在該第三電壓持續高於臨界值一彈跳時間後,送出電源移除信號以使該高頻濾波電容放電。
根據本發明,應用在交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路20如圖2所示,其包括整流電路22連接高頻濾波電容CX1的兩端,對高頻濾波電容CX1的電壓Vcx整流而產生電壓VD,接面場效電晶體(Junction Field Effect Transistor;JFET)J1具有輸入端D經控制器14的接腳HV連接整流電路22以接收電壓VD,限流電阻RCL連接在JFET J1的控制端G及輸出端S之間,開關M1連接在JFET J1的控制端G及地端GND之間,受控於信號Sen,順向二極體D7具有陽極連接JFET J1的輸出端S,以及陰極經控制器14的接腳VDD連接電源電容CVDD,順向二極體D7係用以防止電流由電源電容CVDD流向JFET J1的輸出端S,電源移除偵測電路24偵測JFET J1的輸出端S的電壓VS以判斷交流電源是否移除,並在判定交流電源已移除時觸發電源移除信號AC_OFF,開關M2連接在JFET J1的輸出端S及地端GND之間,在被電源移除信號AC_OFF導通後,產生放電電流Idis使高頻濾波電容CX1上的電荷經整流電路22、JFET J1及開關M2釋放至地端GND,因而使高頻濾波電容CX1的電壓Vcx在規範的時間內降低至安全範圍內。電源移除偵測電路24包括比較器26及計數器28。比較器26比較電壓VS及臨界值Vth以決定比較信號Sc,在電壓VS低於臨界值Vth時,比較信號Sc為高準位。當計數器28持續超過預設的彈跳時間(de-bounce time)T1都未接收到高準位的比較信號Sc時,將觸發電源移除信號AC_OFF。計數器28所設定的彈跳時間T1係為了避免因非預期的觸發信號或是交流電源的雜訊導致誤動作。
圖2之交流放電電路20可以做為交直流交換式電源轉換器的高壓啟動電路。當交流電源接上交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流電源輸入端10及12時,信號Sen導通開關M1而使JFET J1的控制端G接地,此時JFET J1的控制端G及輸出端S的電壓相等,由於JFET J1為負臨界電壓元件,因此JFET J1將導通而產生電流IHV對電源電容CVDD充電,在電源電容CVDD的電壓VDD上升至啟動準位時,交直流交換式電源轉換器完成啟動程序。
圖3係圖2的電路的波形圖,其中波形30係電壓VD,波形32係電壓VS,波形34係比較信號Sc,波形36係電源移除信號AC_OFF,波形38係電流Idis。在圖2的交直流交換式電源轉換器啟動後,開關M1維持導通,因此JFET J1的控制端的電壓為0V,假設JFET J1的臨界電壓為-VTH_JFET,參照圖3的波形30及32,當電壓VD大到足夠使電壓VS達到VTH_JFET時,如時間t1至t2期間所示,JFET J1的控制端G及輸出端S之間的跨壓Vgs等於臨界電壓-VTH_JFET,因此JFET J1截止,此時JFET J1的輸入端D將提供少量的漏電流來維持電壓VS=VTH_JFET。當電壓VD不足以使電壓VS達到VTH_JFET時,JFET J1導通,此時電壓VS幾乎等於電壓VD,如時間t2至t3期間所示,因此當電壓VD接近其谷值時,電壓VS幾乎為0V。利用JFET J1的這種物理特性可以判斷電壓VD的波形。
參照圖2及圖3,設定接近0V的臨界值Vth,當電源移除偵測電路24中的比較器26偵測到電壓VS低於臨界值Vth時,如波形32及34在時間t4至t5期間所示,送出高準位的比較信號Sc給計數器28以重置計數時間。當交流電源被移除時,電壓VD將維持在交流電源移除瞬間的電壓值,如波形30在時間t6所示,若此時的電壓VD使電壓VS大於臨界值Vth,比較信號Sc為低準位,無法重置計數器28,當計數器28計算的時間達到彈跳時間T1時,交流放電電路20判定交流電源被移除,因此計數器28觸發電源移除信號AC_OFF導通開關M2一段時間T2,如波形36及時間t7所示,在時間T2期間,JFET J1的輸出端S的電壓VS被拉至0V,JFET J1的控制端G及輸出端S之間的跨壓Vgs因而大於臨界電壓-VTH_JFET,故JFET1導通而產生放電電流Idis,如波形38所示,進而使高頻濾波電容CX1上的電荷經整流電路22、JFET J1及開關M2釋放至地端GND。
10...交流電源輸入端
12...交流電源輸入端
14...控制器
20...交流放電電路
22...整流電路
24...電源移除偵測電路
26...比較器
28...計數器
30...電壓VD
32...電壓VS
34...比較信號Sc
36...電源移除信號AC_OFF
38...放電電流Idis
圖1係習知的交直流交換式電源轉換器;
圖2係本發明的交流放電電路;以及
圖3係圖2的電路的波形圖。
10...交流電源輸入端
12...交流電源輸入端
14...控制器
20...交流放電電路
22...整流電路
24...電源移除偵測電路
26...比較器
28...計數器
Claims (3)
- 一種交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路,該交直流交換式電源轉換器包含第一及第二交流電源輸入端供連接交流電源,以及連接在該第一及第二交流電源輸入端之間的高頻濾波電容,該交流放電電路包括:整流電路,連接該高頻濾波電容的兩端,對該高頻濾波電容的第一電壓整流而產生第二電壓;接面場效電晶體,具有輸入端、輸出端及控制端,其中該接面場效電晶體的輸入端連接該整流電路以接收該第二電壓;電源移除偵測電路,連接該接面場效電晶體的輸出端,偵測該接面場效電晶體的輸出端上的第三電壓,在該第三電壓持續高於臨界值一彈跳時間後,觸發電源移除信號以使該高頻濾波電容放電;以及二極體,具有陽極連接該接面場效電晶體的輸出端,以及陰極連接電源電容。
- 如請求項1之交流放電電路,更包括開關連接在該接面場效電晶體的輸出端及地端之間,因應該電源移除信號而導通,以使該高頻濾波電容放電。
- 如請求項1之交流放電電路,其中該電源移除偵測電路包括:比較器,比較該第三電壓及該臨界值,在該第三電壓小於該臨界值時,產生高準位的比較信號;以及計數器,連接該比較器,在持續超過該彈跳時間未接收到 高準位的比較信號時,觸發該電源移除信號。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW100119989A TWI464989B (zh) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | 交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路 |
US13/487,049 US20120313616A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2012-06-01 | Ac discharge circuit for an ac-to-dc switching power converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW100119989A TWI464989B (zh) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | 交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201251250A TW201251250A (en) | 2012-12-16 |
TWI464989B true TWI464989B (zh) | 2014-12-11 |
Family
ID=47292640
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW100119989A TWI464989B (zh) | 2011-06-08 | 2011-06-08 | 交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120313616A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI464989B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9071157B2 (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-06-30 | Sync Power Corporation | High-voltage (HV) startup device |
KR102059204B1 (ko) * | 2013-06-28 | 2020-02-10 | 매그나칩 반도체 유한회사 | Ac-오프 상태를 감지하는 전원공급장치 |
EP3349343B1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2019-07-17 | Delta Electronics (Thailand) Public Co., Ltd. | Resistorless precharging |
CN106300940A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-01-04 | 致茂电子(苏州)有限公司 | 放电控制装置及方法 |
JP6611530B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-11-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 電力供給装置及び画像形成装置 |
US10038370B2 (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-07-31 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Reduction of electrical size of bulk capacitors in mobile power supplies |
US10170975B1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-01-01 | Dialog Semiconductor Inc. | AC line detection and X capacitor discharge using a single terminal |
CN114079374B (zh) * | 2020-08-19 | 2024-02-09 | 艾科微电子(深圳)有限公司 | 滤波电容放电电路、转换电路及用以对滤波电容放电的操作方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5767631A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-06-16 | Motorola Inc. | Power supply and electronic ballast with low-cost inverter bootstrap power source |
TW201034328A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-09-16 | Toshiba Mitsubishi Elec Inc | Power conversion device |
TW201044758A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-16 | System General Corp | Start-up circuit to discharge EMI filter for power saving of power supplies |
TW201112603A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-01 | Grenergy Opto Inc | Safety capacitor discharging method and apparatus for ac-to-dc converters |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5457624A (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1995-10-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Efficient switched mode power converter circuit and method |
US6353546B1 (en) * | 2001-01-04 | 2002-03-05 | Miracle Technology Co., Ltd. | Coilless AC/DC power supply device |
US6664769B1 (en) * | 2002-07-20 | 2003-12-16 | Richard Haas | Variable amplitude regulator |
US7746156B1 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2010-06-29 | Qspeed Semiconductor Inc. | Circuit and method for driving a junction field effect transistor |
CN102158079B (zh) * | 2010-01-26 | 2014-01-29 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 电源装置和照明器具 |
TWI437239B (zh) * | 2010-04-07 | 2014-05-11 | Richpower Microelectronics | 電壓偵測器以及使用該電壓偵測器的保護裝置 |
US8446132B2 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2013-05-21 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for electrical pulse energy capture |
-
2011
- 2011-06-08 TW TW100119989A patent/TWI464989B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-06-01 US US13/487,049 patent/US20120313616A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5767631A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-06-16 | Motorola Inc. | Power supply and electronic ballast with low-cost inverter bootstrap power source |
TW201034328A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-09-16 | Toshiba Mitsubishi Elec Inc | Power conversion device |
TW201044758A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-16 | System General Corp | Start-up circuit to discharge EMI filter for power saving of power supplies |
TW201112603A (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-04-01 | Grenergy Opto Inc | Safety capacitor discharging method and apparatus for ac-to-dc converters |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20120313616A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
TW201251250A (en) | 2012-12-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI464989B (zh) | 交直流交換式電源轉換器的交流放電電路 | |
TWI481142B (zh) | 減少電磁干擾濾波器之功率消耗的洩放電路及方法 | |
TWI437239B (zh) | 電壓偵測器以及使用該電壓偵測器的保護裝置 | |
TWI395396B (zh) | 放電電磁干擾濾波器之啟動電路用於電源供應器之省電 | |
TWI472134B (zh) | 電源轉換器之具低待機功率損耗的啟動電路 | |
US10284071B2 (en) | Semiconductor device for controlling power source | |
JP6563651B2 (ja) | 絶縁同期整流型dc/dcコンバータ、同期整流コントローラ、それを用いた電源装置、電源アダプタおよび電子機器 | |
JP5664654B2 (ja) | 電源制御回路および電源制御方法 | |
US20190074761A1 (en) | Semiconductor device for power supply control and power supply device, and discharging method for x capacitor | |
TWI479784B (zh) | 交流直流轉換電路 | |
US10886854B2 (en) | Control circuit and related integrated circuit and switching-type converter | |
US9831763B2 (en) | Capacitor discharge circuit for power supply EMI filters | |
TWI499190B (zh) | 應用在bcm電源供應器供實現多功能腳位的裝置及方法 | |
TW201315112A (zh) | 電容放電電路及其所適用之功率轉換器 | |
US11664738B2 (en) | Control chip and switching power supply | |
TW201531005A (zh) | 開關時序提供方法、同步整流控制器、以及適應性地時間控制器 | |
US9966839B2 (en) | Switching power supply device | |
JP2018157648A (ja) | Ac/dcコンバータの制御回路 | |
CN204168124U (zh) | 一种电源输入滤波电容的放电电路以及开关电源 | |
JP7404905B2 (ja) | スイッチング制御回路、及び電源回路 | |
JP6292503B2 (ja) | 電源装置及びled点灯装置 | |
TW201238220A (en) | Start-up circuit to discharge EMI filter of power supplies | |
TWI463801B (zh) | 電源供應器的零電流偵測器及方法 | |
CN105450000A (zh) | 一种电源输入滤波电容的放电电路以及开关电源 | |
JP2024044731A (ja) | 電源制御回路及び電源装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |