TWI448060B

TWI448060B - A system and method for adjusting a power converter

Info

Publication number: TWI448060B
Application number: TW100129097A
Authority: TW
Original assignee: On Bright Electronics Shanghai
Priority date: 2011-02-28
Filing date: 2011-08-15
Publication date: 2014-08-01
Also published as: CN102651613B; CN102651613A; TW201236345A

Description

用於調整電源變換器的系統和方法System and method for adjusting a power converter

本發明涉及積體電路。更具體地，本發明提供了用於定壓模式和定流模式的系統和方法。僅僅作為示例，本發明已被應用於具有初級側感測(sensing)和調整(regulation)的返馳式電源變換器。但是將認識到，本發明具有更廣的應用範圍。The present invention relates to an integrated circuit. More specifically, the present invention provides systems and methods for constant pressure mode and constant flow mode. Merely by way of example, the invention has been applied to flyback power converters with primary side sensing and regulation. However, it will be appreciated that the invention has a broader range of applications.

返馳式電源變換器因其簡單的結構和低的成本而被廣泛應用在低功率應用中。但是在傳統返馳式變換器中，通常利用光電耦合器和TL431的隔離佈置通過次級側回饋來執行輸出電壓調整。除了增加系統成本以外，由於電纜損耗引起的電壓降通常是難以補償的。The flyback power converter is widely used in low power applications due to its simple structure and low cost. However, in a conventional flyback converter, output voltage adjustment is typically performed by secondary side feedback using an isolation arrangement of the photocoupler and TL431. In addition to increasing system cost, voltage drops due to cable losses are often difficult to compensate.

圖1是用於具有次級側控制的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的簡化傳統示圖。如圖1所示，PWN控制器110用來控制和驅動電源MOSFET M1。使電源MOSFET M1導通和截止來控制遞送給次級側上的負載的功率。因此，恒定輸出電壓(CV)模式和恒定輸出電流(CC)模式可以通過次級側調整來獲得。1 is a simplified conventional diagram for a switch mode flyback power conversion system with secondary side control. As shown in FIG. 1, the PWN controller 110 is used to control and drive the power MOSFET M1. Power MOSFET M1 is turned "on" and "off" to control the power delivered to the load on the secondary side. Therefore, a constant output voltage (CV) mode and a constant output current (CC) mode can be obtained by secondary side adjustment.

圖2是示出返馳式電源變換系統的輸出電壓和輸出電流特性的簡化傳統示圖。如圖2所示，如果輸出電流I_o 在從零至I_max ,的範圍中，則系統在定壓(CV)模式中操作。在CV模式中，輸出電壓V_o 例如等於V_max 。替代地，如果輸出電壓在V_max 以下，則系統在定流(CC)模式中操作。在CC模式中，輸出電流I_o 例如等於I_max ,。在另一示例中，如果系統的輸出端子連接到經放電電池，則系統在CC模式中操作。2 is a simplified conventional diagram showing the output voltage and output current characteristics of a flyback power conversion system. 2, if the output current I _o from zero to I _max, the range, the system operates at constant pressure (CV) mode. In the CV mode, the output voltage V _{o is,} for example, equal to V _max . Alternatively, if the output voltage is below _Vmax , the system operates in a constant current (CC) mode. In the CC mode, the output current I _o is equal to, for example, I _max . In another example, if the output terminal of the system is connected to a discharged battery, the system operates in CC mode.

為了減小開關模式返馳式電源變換器的成本和大小並且也為了提高其效率，具有初級側調整的電源變換器已變得越來越流行。在初級側調整中，通過檢測緊密耦合到次級繞組的輔助繞組的電壓來感測輸出電壓。由於輔助繞組的電壓反映出(image)與次級繞組相關聯的輸出電壓，因此在輔助繞組中感測出的電壓可被用來調整次級側輸出電壓。通常不需要TL431和光電耦合器中的昂貴部分，因此可以減小成本和大小。另外，利用感測到的輸出電壓的資訊，可以基於控制器的內部計算來調整輸出電流。因此，通常不需要用於輸出電流的感測電阻器，因此可以提高整體變換效率。In order to reduce the cost and size of the switch mode flyback power converter and also to increase its efficiency, power converters with primary side adjustment have become more and more popular. In the primary side adjustment, the output voltage is sensed by detecting the voltage of the auxiliary winding that is tightly coupled to the secondary winding. Since the voltage of the auxiliary winding reflects the output voltage associated with the secondary winding, the sensed voltage in the auxiliary winding can be used to adjust the secondary side output voltage. The expensive part of the TL431 and optocoupler is usually not needed, so the cost and size can be reduced. In addition, with the information of the sensed output voltage, the output current can be adjusted based on the internal calculation of the controller. Therefore, a sensing resistor for outputting a current is generally not required, and thus the overall conversion efficiency can be improved.

圖3是具有初級側感測和調節的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的簡化傳統示圖。圖4是具有初級側感測和調節的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的另一簡化傳統示圖。3 is a simplified conventional diagram of a switch mode flyback power conversion system with primary side sensing and regulation. 4 is another simplified conventional diagram of a switch mode flyback power conversion system with primary side sensing and regulation.

如圖所示，輸出電壓V_out 被映射到節點INV處的DC電壓V_INV ，因此通過V_INV 的調整來調整。在初級側調整中，V_INV 和V_out 的關係可表達為：In FIG., The output voltage V _out is mapped to a DC voltage at node V _{INV INV} therefore be adjusted by adjusting the V _INV. In the primary side adjustment, the relationship between V _INV and V _out can be expressed as:

其中，n是輔助繞組匝數與次級繞組匝數之比。另外，V_D1 和V_D2 是前向二極體壓降。Where n is the ratio of the number of turns of the auxiliary winding to the number of turns of the secondary winding. In addition, V _D1 and V _D2 are forward diode voltage drops.

設置，因此，V_out 由下式給出：Setting Therefore, V _out is given by:

輸出電壓通過對輔助繞組的電壓的調整來調整。例如，感測到的電壓V_INV 與預定電壓位準V_REF 相比較。V_INV 與V_REF 之差與誤差信號相關聯，此V_INV 與V_REF 之差被誤差放大器放大。至少部分地基於經放大的誤差信號來產生PWM/PFM信號。The output voltage is adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the auxiliary winding. For example, the sensed voltage V _{INV is} compared to a predetermined voltage level V _REF . The difference between V _INV and V _REF is associated with the error signal, and the difference between V _INV and V _REF is amplified by the error amplifier. The PWM/PFM signal is generated based at least in part on the amplified error signal.

PWM/PFM信號控制電源開關的接通/斷開，因此控制遞送給次級側的功率。結果，V_INV 與V_REF 之差變得越來越小，並且最終，V_INV 變得等於V_REF 。由於V_INV 是輸出電壓V_out 的反映，因此如果某些條件得到滿足，則輸出電壓V_out 可以線性地取決於V_INV ，因此取決於V_REF 。The PWM/PFM signal controls the on/off of the power switch, thus controlling the power delivered to the secondary side. As a result, the difference between V _REF and the V _INV becomes smaller, and eventually, V _INV becomes equal to V _REF. Since V _INV is a reflection of the output voltage V _out , if certain conditions are met, the output voltage V _out can be linearly dependent on V _INV and therefore depends on V _REF .

具體地，如下所示，如果二極體D1和D2兩端的前向電壓恒定，則輸出電壓V_out 線性地取決於V_REF 。Specifically, as shown below, and if the front ends of the diode D2 D1 to a constant voltage, the output voltage V _out linearly dependent on V _REF.

然而，二極體的前向電壓通常取決於流經該二極體的電流。因此，如果負載電流改變，則D2的前向電壓改變。由於流經D1的電流即使在輸出負載電流改變時也不變，因此D1的前向電壓總是恒定的。However, the forward voltage of the diode typically depends on the current flowing through the diode. Therefore, if the load current changes, the forward voltage of D2 changes. Since the current flowing through D1 does not change even when the output load current changes, the forward voltage of D1 is always constant.

圖5是具有初級側感測和調節的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統之又一簡化傳統示圖。電源變換系統2000包括初級繞組2010、次級繞組2012、輔助繞組2014、電源開關2020、電流感測電阻器2030、輸出電纜的等效電阻器2040、電阻器2050和2052，以及整流二極體2060和2062。例如，電源開關2020是NPN雙極電晶體。在另一示例中，電源開關2020是MOSFET電晶體。在又一示例中，電源開關2020是IGBT電晶體。5 is yet another simplified conventional diagram of a switch mode flyback power conversion system with primary side sensing and regulation. The power conversion system 2000 includes a primary winding 2010, a secondary winding 2012, an auxiliary winding 2014, a power switch 2020, a current sensing resistor 2030, an equivalent resistor 2040 of the output cable, resistors 2050 and 2052, and a rectifying diode 2060. And 2062. For example, power switch 2020 is an NPN bipolar transistor. In another example, power switch 2020 is a MOSFET transistor. In yet another example, the power switch 2020 is an IGBT transistor.

如圖5所示，為了在預定範圍內調整輸出電壓，與輸出電壓和輸出負載有關的資訊通常需要被提取出來。在斷續傳導模式(DCM)中，這樣的資訊可以通過輔助繞組2014來提取。當電源開關2020導通時，能量被儲存在次級繞組2012中。然後，當電源開關2020截止時，所儲存能量被釋放到輸出端子，並且輔助繞組2014的電壓映射初級側上的輸出電壓，如下所示。As shown in FIG. 5, in order to adjust the output voltage within a predetermined range, information related to the output voltage and the output load usually needs to be extracted. In discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), such information can be extracted by the auxiliary winding 2014. When the power switch 2020 is turned on, energy is stored in the secondary winding 2012. Then, when the power switch 2020 is turned off, the stored energy is released to the output terminal, and the voltage of the auxiliary winding 2014 maps the output voltage on the primary side as shown below.

其中，V_FB 表示節點2054處的電壓。R₁ 和R₂ 分別表示電阻器2050和2052的電阻值。另外，n表示輔助繞組2014與次級繞組2012之間的匝數比。具體地，n等於輔助繞組2014的匝數除以次級繞組2012的匝數。V_o 和I_o 分別表示輸出電壓和輸出電流。此外，分別地，V_D1 表示整流二極體2062的前向電壓，V_D2 表示整流二極體2060的前向電壓。此外，R_eq 表示等效電阻器2040的電阻值，並且k表示等於的回饋係數。Where V _FB represents the voltage at node 2054. R ₁ and R ₂ represent the resistance values of the resistors 2050 and 2052, respectively. In addition, n represents the turns ratio between the auxiliary winding 2014 and the secondary winding 2012. Specifically, n is equal to the number of turns of the auxiliary winding 2014 divided by the number of turns of the secondary winding 2012. V _o and I _o represent the output voltage and the output current, respectively. Further, respectively, V _D1 represents the forward voltage of the rectifying diode 2062, and V _D2 represents the forward voltage of the rectifying diode 2060. Further, _Req represents the resistance value of the equivalent resistor 2040, and k represents equal to Feedback coefficient.

圖6是示出返馳式電源變換系統2000的傳統操作機制的簡化示圖。如圖6所示，變換系統2000的控制器晶片使用採樣保持機制。次級側上的退磁處理幾乎完成並且次級繞組2012的電流I_sec 幾乎變為零時，節點2054處的電壓V_FB (其與輔助繞組2012的V_aux 成比例)例如在圖6的點A處被採樣。採樣得到的電壓值通常被保持直到執行下一電壓採樣為止。通過負反饋環，採樣電壓值可以變得等於參考電壓V_REF 。因此，FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram showing a conventional operational mechanism of the flyback power conversion system 2000. As shown in Figure 6, the controller wafer of the conversion system 2000 uses a sample and hold mechanism. When the demagnetization process on the secondary side is almost completed and the current I _{sec of the} secondary winding 2012 becomes almost zero, the voltage V _FB at the node 2054 (which is proportional to V _{aux of the} auxiliary winding 2012) is, for example, at point A of FIG. It was sampled. The sampled voltage value is typically held until the next voltage sample is taken. Through the negative feedback loop, the sampled voltage value can become equal to the reference voltage V _REF . therefore,

V _FB =V _REF 　(5) V _FB = V _REF (5)

組合等式4和5，可以獲得下式：By combining equations 4 and 5, the following equation can be obtained:

基於等式6，輸出電壓隨著輸出電流的增大而減小。另外，如上所述的控制方案通常由於二極體D2的前向電壓的改變而對輸出電壓具有較差的調整。Based on Equation 6, the output voltage decreases as the output current increases. In addition, the control scheme described above generally has a poor adjustment of the output voltage due to the change in the forward voltage of the diode D2.

此外，如果電源變換系統2000在斷續傳導模式(DCM)中操作，則也可調整輸出電流，以便獲得恒定輸出電流。如圖6所示，輸出電流在每個開關週期中等於次級繞組2012的電流I_sec 的平均值，如下所示：Furthermore, if the power conversion system 2000 is operating in a discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), the output current can also be adjusted to achieve a constant output current. As shown in Figure 6, the output current is equal to the average of the current I _sec of the secondary winding 2012 in each switching cycle, as follows:

其中，N表示初級繞組2010與次級繞組2012之間的匝數比。具體地，N等於初級繞組2010的匝數除以次級繞組2012的匝數。另外，T表示積分週期，並且T_s 表示等於電源變換系統2000的開關頻率的倒數的開關週期。例如，T等於或大於T_s 。此外，R_s 表示電流感測電阻器2030的電阻值。而且，V_{cs_pk} 表示電流感測電阻器2030在每個開關週期內感測到的電壓V_cs 的峰值，並且T_Demag 表示退磁處理在每個開關週期內的持續時間。根據某種傳統技術，輸出電流可以取決於初級繞組的電感；因此，輸出電流通常經受大的變化，其在大批量生產中通常不能得到有效地補償。Where N represents the turns ratio between the primary winding 2010 and the secondary winding 2012. Specifically, N is equal to the number of turns of the primary winding 2010 divided by the number of turns of the secondary winding 2012. In addition, T represents an integration period, and T _s represents a switching period equal to the reciprocal of the switching frequency of the power conversion system 2000. For example, T is equal to or greater than T _s . Further, R _s represents the resistance value of the current sensing resistor 2030. Moreover, V _{cs — pk} represents the peak value of the voltage V _cs sensed by the current sensing resistor 2030 in each switching cycle, and T _Demag represents the duration of the demagnetization process in each switching cycle. According to some conventional techniques, the output current can depend on the inductance of the primary winding; therefore, the output current typically undergoes large variations that are typically not effectively compensated for in high volume production.

因此，非常希望改進用於輸出電壓調整和輸出電流控制的技術，例如，非常希望進行初級繞組電感補償。Therefore, it is highly desirable to improve techniques for output voltage regulation and output current control, for example, it is highly desirable to perform primary winding inductance compensation.

本發明涉及積體電路。更具體地，本發明提供了用於定壓模式和定流模式的系統和方法。僅僅作為示例，本發明已被應用於具有初級側感測和調整的返馳式電源變換器。但是將認識到，本發明具有更廣的應用範圍。The present invention relates to an integrated circuit. More specifically, the present invention provides systems and methods for constant pressure mode and constant flow mode. By way of example only, the invention has been applied to flyback power converters with primary side sensing and adjustment. However, it will be appreciated that the invention has a broader range of applications.

根據一個實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以至少接收第一感測信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。另外，該系統包括採樣元件，配置以至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號。此外，該系統包括誤差放大器，配置以至少接收第三輸出信號和第一閾值電壓並且通過電容器至少產生第四輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該系統包括補償元件，配置以至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少產生補償信號。輸入信號是補償信號與第一感測信號的組合。第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與該電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓相關聯。另外，該系統包括用於至少調整輸出電流的第一控制器。例如，第一控制器配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該系統包括用於至少調整輸出電壓的第二控制器。例如，第二控制器配置以至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少基於與第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第二控制信號和第三控制信號。此外，該系統包括振盪器，配置以至少接收第一控制信號和第二控制信號並且至少產生時鐘信號，以及第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收時鐘信號、第三控制信號和第四控制信號並且至少產生調節信號。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，該開關配置以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。此外，該系統包括第三控制器，用於至少調整峰值電流。例如，第三控制器配置以接收第三控制信號、第二感測信號和第二閾值電壓，並且將第四控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器。在另一示例中，第二感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。In accordance with an embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive at least a first sensed signal and at least generate a first output signal associated with demagnetization. Additionally, the system includes a sampling component configured to receive at least an input signal and a second output signal, to sample the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and to generate at least one or more sampled sizes associated with The third output signal. Moreover, the system includes an error amplifier configured to receive at least a third output signal and a first threshold voltage and to generate at least a fourth output signal through the capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Moreover, the system includes a compensation component configured to receive at least a fourth output signal and at least generate a compensation signal. The input signal is a combination of the compensation signal and the first sensed signal. A first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and a secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a first controller for adjusting at least the output current. For example, the first controller is configured to receive at least the first output signal and the third output signal and to generate at least the first control signal based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the third output signal. Additionally, the system includes a second controller for adjusting at least the output voltage. For example, the second controller is configured to receive at least a fourth output signal and to generate at least a second control signal and a third control signal based on at least information associated with the fourth output signal. Additionally, the system includes an oscillator configured to receive at least a first control signal and a second control signal and at least generate a clock signal, and a second signal generator configured to receive at least a clock signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal And at least an adjustment signal is generated. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver configured to receive at least an adjustment signal and output at least a drive signal to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the secondary winding. Additionally, the system includes a third controller for adjusting at least the peak current. For example, the third controller is configured to receive the third control signal, the second sense signal, and the second threshold voltage, and output the fourth control signal to the second signal generator. In another example, the second sensed signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter.

根據另一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括採樣元件，配置以至少接收輸入信號，採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該系統包括誤差放大器，配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，並且產生第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該系統包括前向饋送元件，配置以接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；以及控制器，用於至少調整輸出電壓。例如，控制器配置以至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該系統包括信號產生器，配置以至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，該開關配置以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。In accordance with another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a sampling component configured to receive at least an input signal, sample an input signal, and generate at least a first output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes. For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes an error amplifier configured to receive at least a first output signal and a threshold voltage and to generate a second output signal through the capacitor and to generate a third output signal to which the capacitor is coupled. Additionally, the system includes a forward feed element configured to receive a third output signal and to generate a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; and a controller to adjust at least the output voltage. For example, the controller is configured to receive at least the second output signal and the fourth output signal and generate at least a first control signal. Additionally, the system includes a signal generator configured to receive at least a first control signal and to generate at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; and a gate driver configured to receive at least the adjustment signal and at least the drive signal Output to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the secondary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括採樣元件，配置以至少接收輸入信號，採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號；以及誤差放大器，配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，並且產生第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。另外，該系統包括前向饋送元件，配置以接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；以及控制器，配置以至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少產生控制信號。此外，該系統包括補償元件，配置以至少接收第二輸出信號並且至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生補償信號，輸入信號是補償信號與另一信號的組合。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a sampling component configured to receive at least an input signal, sample an input signal, and generate at least a first output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes; An error amplifier configured to receive at least a first output signal and a threshold voltage and to generate a second output signal through the capacitor and to generate a third output signal, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a forward feed element configured to receive a third output signal and to generate a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; and a controller configured to receive at least the second output signal and Four output signals, and at least a control signal is generated. Moreover, the system includes a compensation component configured to receive at least a second output signal and to generate at least a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, the input signal being a combination of the compensation signal and another signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以至少接收輸入信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和與採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該系統包括採樣元件，配置以至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號。此外，該系統包括第一控制器，用於至少調整輸出電流，該第一控制器配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該系統包括振盪器，配置以至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號；以及第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收時鐘信號和第二控制信號，並且至少基於與時鐘信號和第二控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，開關配置以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。此外，該系統包括用於至少調整峰值電流的第三控制器，配置以至少接收感測信號和閾值電壓，並且將第二控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器。例如，感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。調節信號對應於開關頻率，並且第一輸出信號對應於退磁脈衝寬度。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive at least an input signal and generate at least a first output signal associated with demagnetization and a second output signal associated with sampling . For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a sampling component configured to receive at least an input signal and a second output signal, to sample the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and to generate at least one or more sampled sizes associated with The third output signal. Additionally, the system includes a first controller for adjusting at least an output current, the first controller configured to receive at least the first output signal and the third output signal, and based at least on the first output signal and the third output signal The associated information is used to generate at least a first control signal. Additionally, the system includes an oscillator configured to receive at least a first control signal and to generate at least a clock signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; and a second signal generator configured to receive at least the clock signal and the second Controlling the signal and generating at least the adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the clock signal and the second control signal. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver configured to receive at least an adjustment signal and output at least a drive signal to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the secondary winding. Additionally, the system includes a third controller for adjusting at least the peak current, configured to receive at least the sensed signal and the threshold voltage, and output the second control signal to the second signal generator. For example, the sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. The adjustment signal corresponds to a switching frequency and the first output signal corresponds to a demagnetization pulse width.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括用於至少調整峰值電流的控制器。例如，控制器配置以至少接收感測信號和第一閾值信號並且至少產生第一控制信號，並且感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括信號產生器，配置以至少接收第一控制信號並且至少產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，該開關配置以影響第一電流。在另一示例中，該控制器包括第一比較器，配置以接收感測信號和第一閾值電壓，並且至少基於與感測信號和第一閾值電壓相關聯的資訊產生比較信號；以及電荷泵，配置以接收比較信號並且至少基於與比較信號相關聯的資訊來產生第二控制信號。另外，該控制器包括閾值產生器，配置以接收第二控制信號並且至少基於與第二控制信號相關聯的資訊產生第二閾值電壓；以及第二比較器，配置以接收第二閾值電壓和感測信號，並且至少基於與第二閾值電壓和感測信號相關聯的資訊產生第一控制信號。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a controller for adjusting at least a peak current. For example, the controller is configured to receive at least the sensed signal and the first threshold signal and to generate at least a first control signal, and the sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a signal generator configured to receive at least a first control signal and at least generate an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive at least the adjustment signal and output at least the drive signal to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect the first current. In another example, the controller includes a first comparator configured to receive the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage, and generate a comparison signal based on at least information associated with the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage; and a charge pump Configuring to receive the comparison signal and generate a second control signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal. Additionally, the controller includes a threshold generator configured to receive the second control signal and generate a second threshold voltage based on at least information associated with the second control signal; and a second comparator configured to receive the second threshold voltage and sense The signal is measured and the first control signal is generated based at least on information associated with the second threshold voltage and the sensed signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括由第一信號產生器至少接收輸入信號並且至少基於與輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和與採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括通過採樣元件來至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號；通過誤差放大器來至少接收第三輸出信號和第一閾值電壓並且通過電容器至少產生第四輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該方法包括通過補償元件來至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少基於與第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生補償信號。例如，輸入信號是補償信號與第一感測信號的組合。在另一示例中，第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與該電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓相關聯。另外，該方法包括通過用於至少調整輸出電流的第一控制器來至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；通過用於至少調整輸出電壓的第二控制器來至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少基於與第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第二控制信號和第三控制信號。此外，該方法包括通過振盪器來至少接收第一控制信號和第二控制信號並且通過該振盪器至少產生時鐘信號；通過第二信號產生器來至少接收時鐘信號、第三控制信號和第四控制信號並且通過該第二信號產生器至少產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括通過閘驅動器來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流；通過用於至少調整峰值電流的第三控制器來接收第三控制信號、第二感測信號和第二閾值電壓，並且將第四控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器。例如，第二感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving, by a first signal generator, at least an input signal and generating at least a first output signal associated with demagnetization and based on at least information associated with the input signal The associated second output signal is sampled. Additionally, the method includes receiving, by the sampling component, at least the input signal and the second output signal, sampling the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and generating at least one of associated with one or more sampled sizes a three output signal; at least a third output signal and a first threshold voltage are received by the error amplifier and a fourth output signal is generated by the capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a fourth output signal by the compensation component and generating at least a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the fourth output signal. For example, the input signal is a combination of a compensation signal and a first sensed signal. In another example, the first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least a first output signal and a third output signal by a first controller for adjusting at least an output current, and generating at least based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the third output signal a first control signal; at least receiving a fourth output signal by a second controller for adjusting at least the output voltage and generating at least a second control signal and a third control signal based on at least information associated with the fourth output signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving, by the oscillator, at least a first control signal and a second control signal and generating at least a clock signal by the oscillator; receiving, by the second signal generator, at least a clock signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control And generating at least an adjustment signal by the second signal generator. Additionally, the method includes receiving, by the gate driver, at least an adjustment signal and outputting at least the drive signal to the switch to affect a first current flowing through the primary winding coupled to the secondary winding; through a third controller for adjusting at least the peak current Receiving a third control signal, a second sensing signal, and a second threshold voltage, and outputting the fourth control signal to the second signal generator. For example, the second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括通過採樣元件來至少接收輸入信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該方法包括通過採樣元件對輸入信號採樣，至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號；通過誤差放大器來至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該方法包括通過誤差放大器產生第三輸出信號；通過前向饋送元件來接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；通過用於至少調整輸出電壓的控制器來至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少基於與第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該方法包括通過信號產生器來至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；通過閘驅動器來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關來影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving at least an input signal by a sampling element. For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes sampling the input signal by the sampling element to generate at least a first output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes; receiving at least the first output signal and the threshold voltage by the error amplifier and generating a second through the capacitor An output signal is coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the method includes generating a third output signal by an error amplifier; receiving a third output signal by the forward feed element, and generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; by at least adjusting the output The controller of the voltage to receive at least the second output signal and the fourth output signal and to generate at least the first control signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal and the fourth output signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving, by the signal generator, at least the first control signal and generating at least the adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; receiving at least the adjustment signal by the gate driver and outputting at least the drive signal to the switch To affect the first current flowing through the primary winding coupled to the secondary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括通過採樣元件來至少接收輸入信號，由該採樣元件採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號。另外，該方法包括通過誤差放大器來至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和閾值電壓相關聯的資訊來通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和閾值電壓相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。另外，該方法包括通過前向饋送元件來接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；通過控制器來至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少基於與第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生控制信號。此外，該方法包括通過補償元件來至少接收第二輸出信號並且至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生補償信號，輸入信號是補償信號與另一信號的組合。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving, by a sampling component, at least an input signal, sampling an input signal by the sampling component, and generating at least a first output associated with one or more sampled sizes signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving, by the error amplifier, at least the first output signal and the threshold voltage and generating a second output signal by the capacitor based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the threshold voltage, and based at least on the first output signal The information associated with the threshold voltage produces a third output signal that is coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the method includes receiving a third output signal by the forward feed element and generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; receiving at least the second output signal and the fourth output signal by the controller And generating at least a control signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal and the fourth output signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a second output signal by the compensation component and generating at least a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, the input signal being a combination of the compensation signal and another signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括通過第一信號產生器來至少接收輸入信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和與採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號；通過採樣元件來至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號。此外，該方法包括通過用於至少調整輸出電流的第一控制器來至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；通過振盪器來至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號。此外，該方法包括通過第二信號產生器來至少接收時鐘信號和第二控制信號，並且至少基於與時鐘信號和第二控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；通過閘驅動器來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。此外，該方法包括通過用於至少調整峰值電流的第三控制器來至少接收感測信號和閾值電壓，並且將第二控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器。感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯，調節信號對應於開關頻率，並且第一輸出信號對應於退磁脈衝寬度。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving at least an input signal by a first signal generator. For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating at least a first output signal associated with demagnetization and a second output signal associated with the sample based on at least information associated with the input signal; receiving at least the input signal and the second output signal by the sampling element Generating an input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal and generating at least a third output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a first output signal and a third output signal by a first controller for adjusting at least an output current, and generating at least based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the third output signal a first control signal; receiving, by the oscillator, at least the first control signal and generating at least a clock signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving, by the second signal generator, at least a clock signal and a second control signal, and generating at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the clock signal and the second control signal; receiving at least an adjustment by the gate driver The signal and at least the drive signal is output to the switch to affect a first current flowing through the primary winding coupled to the secondary winding. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least the sensed signal and the threshold voltage by a third controller for adjusting at least the peak current, and outputting the second control signal to the second signal generator. The sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter, the adjustment signal corresponds to a switching frequency, and the first output signal corresponds to a demagnetization pulse width.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括通過用於至少調整峰值電流的控制器來至少接收感測信號和第一閾值信號。例如，感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。另外，該方法包括至少基於與感測信號和第一閾值電壓相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；通過信號產生器來至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；通過閘驅動器來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響第一電流。用於至少產生第一控制信號的處理包括通過第一比較器來接收感測信號和第一閾值電壓，並且至少基於與感測信號和第一閾值電壓相關聯的資訊產生比較信號；通過電荷泵來接收比較信號並且至少基於與比較信號相關聯的資訊來產生第二控制信號；通過閾值產生器來接收第二控制信號並且至少基於與第二控制信號相關聯的資訊產生第二閾值電壓；通過第二比較器來接收第二閾值電壓和感測信號，並且至少基於與第二閾值電壓和感測信號相關聯的資訊產生第一控制信號。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving at least a sensed signal and a first threshold signal by a controller for adjusting at least a peak current. For example, the sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating at least a first control signal based on at least information associated with the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage; receiving, by the signal generator, at least the first control signal and based at least on the first control signal The information is to generate at least an adjustment signal; at least the adjustment signal is received by the gate driver and at least the drive signal is output to the switch to affect the first current. The processing for generating at least the first control signal includes receiving, by the first comparator, the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage, and generating a comparison signal based on at least information associated with the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage; Receiving a comparison signal and generating a second control signal based on at least information associated with the comparison signal; receiving a second control signal by the threshold generator and generating a second threshold voltage based on at least information associated with the second control signal; A second comparator receives the second threshold voltage and the sensed signal and generates a first control signal based on at least information associated with the second threshold voltage and the sensed signal.

與傳統技術相比，通過本發明獲得了許多益處。本發明的某些實施例可以減少部分計數和/或降低系統成本。本發明的一些實施例可以提高可靠性和/或效率。本發明的某些實施例可以簡化開關模式返馳式電源變換器中的電路設計。本發明的一些實施例提供了初級側感測和調整方案。例如，初級側感測和調整方案可以改善負載調整。在另一示例中，初級側感測和調整方案可以補償初級繞組電感變化以便在採用初級側調整的返馳式變換器中獲得恒定的輸出電流。本發明的某些實施例可以在CC模式中提供不隨著初級繞組電感的改變而改變的恒定輸出電流。Many benefits are obtained by the present invention compared to conventional techniques. Certain embodiments of the present invention may reduce partial counting and/or reduce system cost. Some embodiments of the invention may improve reliability and/or efficiency. Certain embodiments of the present invention may simplify circuit design in a switch mode flyback power converter. Some embodiments of the present invention provide a primary side sensing and adjustment scheme. For example, primary side sensing and adjustment schemes can improve load adjustment. In another example, the primary side sensing and adjustment scheme can compensate for the primary winding inductance variation to achieve a constant output current in a flyback converter employing primary side regulation. Certain embodiments of the present invention may provide a constant output current that does not change with changes in primary winding inductance in CC mode.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括：第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括斜坡信號產生器，配置以接收所述輸出信號並且產生斜坡信號；以及第一比較器，配置以接收所述斜坡信號和第一閾值信號，並且至少基於與所述斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號。此外，該系統包括第二比較器，配置以接收第二感測信號和第二閾值信號並且產生第二比較信號，所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號並且產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向開關輸出驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。該系統還配置以使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a ramp signal generator configured to receive the output signal and generate a ramp signal; and a first comparator configured to receive the ramp signal and the first threshold signal and based at least on the ramp signal and The information associated with the first threshold signal produces a first comparison signal. Additionally, the system includes a second comparator configured to receive the second sensed signal and the second threshold signal and to generate a second comparison signal, the second sensed signal being coupled to a secondary coupled to the power converter The first current of the primary winding of the winding is associated. Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator configured to receive at least the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and generate an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output a drive signal to the switch . The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The system is also configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與所述第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生輸出信號。所述輸出信號與退磁相關聯。此外，該方法包括接收所述輸出信號；至少基於與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生斜坡信號；接收所述斜坡信號和第一閾值信號；處理與所述斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號。此外，該方法包括接收第二感測信號和第二閾值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。另外，該方法包括處理與所述第二感測信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二感測信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二比較信號；接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號；處理與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊來向開關輸出驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating an output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal. The output signal is associated with demagnetization. Additionally, the method includes receiving the output signal; generating a ramp signal based on at least information associated with the output signal; receiving the ramp signal and a first threshold signal; processing and the ramp signal and the first threshold signal Associated information; generating a first comparison signal based at least on information associated with the ramp signal and the first threshold signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving a second sensed signal and a second thresholded signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the second sensed signal and the second threshold signal; generating a second based on at least information associated with the second sensed signal and the second threshold signal Comparing a signal; receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; processing information associated with the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; based at least on the first comparison signal and the The information associated with the second comparison signal produces an adjustment signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; outputting a drive signal to the switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period is kept constant.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以至少接收輸入信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號，所述輸入信號至少與電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括第一控制器，配置以至少接收所述輸出信號，並且至少基於與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；第二控制器，配置以接收第一感測信號和第一閾值信號並且產生第二控制信號。所述第一感測信號與流經所述電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括振盪器，配置以至少接收所述第一控制信號，並且至少基於與所述第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號；第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述時鐘信號和所述第二控制信號，並且至少產生調節信號。此外，該系統包括閘驅動器，配置以至少接收所述調節信號並且向開關至少輸出驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。該系統還配置以使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定，並且使所述第一感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive at least an input signal and at least generate an output signal associated with demagnetization, the input signal being at least coupled to an output of a power converter Current is associated. Additionally, the system includes a first controller configured to receive at least the output signal and to generate at least a first control signal based on at least information associated with the output signal; a second controller configured to receive the first sense The signal and the first threshold signal are measured and a second control signal is generated. The first sensed signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes an oscillator configured to receive at least the first control signal and to generate at least a clock signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; a second signal generator configured to receive at least The clock signal and the second control signal are described, and at least an adjustment signal is generated. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver configured to receive at least the adjustment signal and output at least a drive signal to the switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The system is also configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period and to maintain a peak of the first sensed signal constant in magnitude.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括：至少接收輸入信號，並且至少基於與所述輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生輸出信號。所述輸入信號至少與電源變換器的輸出電流有關，並且所述輸出信號與退磁有關。另外，該方法包括至少接收所述輸出信號；處理與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號。此外，該方法包括接收感測信號和閾值信號。所述感測信號與流經所述電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述感測信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述感測信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生控制信號；至少接收所述時鐘信號和所述控制信號；處理與所述時鐘信號和所述控制信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述時鐘信號和所述控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括至少接收所述調節信號；至少基於與所述調節資訊相關聯的資訊向開關至少輸出驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定，並且使所述第一感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving at least an input signal and generating at least an output signal based on at least information associated with the input signal. The input signal is at least related to an output current of the power converter, and the output signal is related to demagnetization. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least the output signal; processing information associated with the output signal; generating at least a clock signal based on at least information associated with the output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving a sense signal and a threshold signal. The sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the sensed signal and the threshold signal; generating a control signal based at least on information associated with the sensed signal and the threshold signal; receiving at least the clock signal and The control signal; processing information associated with the clock signal and the control signal; generating at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the clock signal and the control signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least the adjustment signal; at least outputting a drive signal to the switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment information to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period is kept constant, and the peak of the first sensing signal is kept constant in magnitude.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括第一斜坡信號產生器，配置以接收所述第一輸出信號並且產生第一斜坡信號；第一比較器，配置以接收所述第一斜坡信號和第一閾值信號，並且至少基於與所述第一斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號。此外，該系統包括峰值檢測器，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括放大器，配置以接收所述峰值信號和第二閾值信號並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器；第二比較器，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和第二斜坡信號，並且產生第二比較信號。另外，該系統包括第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號，並且產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a first ramp signal generator configured to receive the first output signal and generate a first ramp signal; a first comparator configured to receive the first ramp signal and a first threshold signal, and at least A first comparison signal is generated based on information associated with the first ramp signal and the first threshold signal. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes an amplifier configured to receive the peak signal and a second threshold signal and to generate a second output signal through a capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the amplifier; a second comparator configured to receive the second The signal and the second ramp signal are output and a second comparison signal is generated. Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator configured to receive at least the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and generate an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and to the peak The detector and the switch output the drive signal. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與所述第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生第一輸出信號；接收所述第一輸出信號；至少基於與所述第一輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第一斜坡信號。所述第一輸出信號與退磁有關。此外，該方法包括接收所述第一斜坡信號和第一閾值信號；處理與所述第一斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號；接收所述峰值信號和第二閾值信號；處理與所述峰值信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述峰值信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和第二斜坡信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述第二斜坡信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述第二斜坡信號相關聯的資訊產生第二比較信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號；處理與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal; receiving the first output signal; generating a first ramp based on at least information associated with the first output signal signal. The first output signal is related to demagnetization. Additionally, the method includes receiving the first ramp signal and a first threshold signal; processing information associated with the first ramp signal and the first threshold signal; based at least on the first ramp signal and the The information associated with the first threshold signal produces a first comparison signal; the drive signal and the second sense signal are received. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; receiving the a peak signal and a second threshold signal; processing information associated with the peak signal and the second threshold signal; generating a second output signal based on at least information associated with the peak signal and the second threshold signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and the second ramp signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the second ramp signal; based at least on the second output signal and the The information associated with the second ramp signal produces a second comparison signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; processing information associated with the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; based at least on the first comparison signal and The information associated with the second comparison signal produces an adjustment signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器，配置以至少處理與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊，並且產生調節信號。此外，該系統包括閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。該系統還配置以使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使所述峰值信號的平均大小在第一持續時間期間保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator configured to process at least information associated with the output signal and the peak signal and to generate an adjustment signal. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector and switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The system is also configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period; and to maintain an average magnitude of the peak signal constant during the first duration.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與所述第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號；並且處理與驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊。第一感測信號與退磁相關聯，並且所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號；至少處理與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊向開關輸出所述驅動信號，以至少影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使所述峰值信號的平均大小在第一持續時間期間保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating an output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal; receiving the drive signal and the second sensed signal; and processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. A first sensed signal is associated with demagnetization and the second sensed signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; processing at least information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; based at least on The output signal and the information associated with the peak signal produce an adjustment signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; outputting the drive signal to a switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect at least the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. Keeping the ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period constant; and keeping the average magnitude of the peak signal constant during the first duration.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器，配置以接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號，並且產生第二輸出信號；放大器，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號並且通過電容器產生第三輸出信號，所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器。此外，該系統包括比較器，配置以接收所述第三輸出信號和斜坡信號，並且產生比較信號；第三信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號，並且產生調節信號。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器、所述第二信號產生器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator configured to receive the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal, and to generate a second output signal; an amplifier configured to receive the second output signal and The threshold signal and a third output signal is generated by a capacitor that is coupled to the amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a comparator configured to receive the third output signal and the ramp signal and to generate a comparison signal; a third signal generator configured to receive at least the comparison signal and the clock signal and generate an adjustment signal. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator, and a switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號；處理與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第三輸出信號和斜坡信號；處理與所述第三輸出信號和所述斜坡信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第三輸出信號和所述斜坡信號相關聯的資訊產生比較信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號；處理與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal produces a second output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; at least based on being associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal The information produces a third output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the third output signal and a ramp signal; processing information associated with the third output signal and the ramp signal; at least based on being associated with the third output signal and the ramp signal The information produces a comparison signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯，並且第二信號產生器配置以至少接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號，並且產生第二輸出信號。此外，該系統包括放大器，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號並且通過電容器產生第三輸出信號；第三信號產生器，配置以接收所述第三輸出信號和第一輸入信號並且產生第四輸出信號。所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器，所述第一輸入信號與由所述初級繞組接收的第二輸入信號成比例。此外，該系統包括比較器，配置以接收所述第四輸出信號和第二感測信號並產生比較信號；第四信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號並且產生調節信號。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器、所述第二信號產生器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the second signal generator is configured to receive the drive signal, the first The signal and the peak signal are output and a second output signal is generated. Additionally, the system includes an amplifier configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal and to generate a third output signal through a capacitor; a third signal generator configured to receive the third output signal and the first input signal and generate The fourth output signal. The capacitor is coupled to the amplifier, the first input signal being proportional to a second input signal received by the primary winding. Additionally, the system includes a comparator configured to receive the fourth output signal and the second sense signal and generate a comparison signal; a fourth signal generator configured to receive at least the comparison signal and the clock signal and generate an adjustment signal. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator, and a switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號；處理與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號；接收所述第三輸出信號和第一輸入信號。所述第一輸入信號與由所述初級繞組接收的第二輸入信號成比例。此外，該方法包括處理與所述第三輸出信號和所述第一輸入信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第三輸出信號和所述第一輸入信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；接收所述第四輸出信號和第二感測信號；處理與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生比較信號。此外，該方法包括至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號；處理與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊來輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal produces a second output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; at least based on being associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal The information generates a third output signal; the third output signal and the first input signal are received. The first input signal is proportional to a second input signal received by the primary winding. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the third output signal and the first input signal; generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal and the first input signal Receiving the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; processing information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; based at least on the fourth output signal and the second The information associated with the sensed signal produces a comparison signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal . Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括：第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號，並且產生第二輸出信號；放大器，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號並且通過電容器產生第三輸出信號，所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器。此外，該系統包括第三信號產生器，配置以接收所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號並且產生第四輸出信號；比較器，配置以接收所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號並產生比較信號。另外，該系統包括第四信號產生器，配置以至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號並且產生調節信號；閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器、所述第二信號產生器、所述第三信號產生器和開關輸出所述驅動信號，所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator configured to receive at least the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal, and to generate a second output signal; an amplifier configured to receive the second output signal And a threshold signal and a third output signal is generated by the capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a third signal generator configured to receive the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal and to generate a fourth output signal; a comparator configured to receive the fourth The signal and the second sensed signal are output and a comparison signal is generated. Additionally, the system includes a fourth signal generator configured to receive at least the comparison signal and the clock signal and generate an adjustment signal; a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and to the peak detector, the second signal A generator, the third signal generator, and a switch output the drive signal, the switch configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號；處理與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號；處理與所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號；處理與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生比較信號。此外，該方法包括至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號；處理與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊來輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal produces a second output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; at least based on being associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal The information produces a third output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal; processing associated with the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal Information; generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the fourth output signal and the second sensed signal; processing information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensed signal; based at least on the fourth output The information associated with the signal and the second sensed signal produces a comparison signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal . Moreover, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統包括第一信號產生器，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器，配置以至少處理與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊，並且產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器，配置以接收所述調節信號並且至少向所述峰值檢測器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯，並且所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯。所述退磁持續時間在大小上與所述峰值信號相乘後等於退磁峰值。該系統還配置以使所述開關週期保持恒定，使所述退磁峰值的平均大小在第一持續時間期間保持恒定，並且使所述輸出電流保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter includes a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator configured to process at least information associated with the output signal and the peak signal and to generate an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and at least The peak detector and switch output the drive signal. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The drive signal is associated with a switching period and the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration. The demagnetization duration is equal to the demagnetization peak after being multiplied by the peak signal in magnitude. The system is also configured to maintain the switching period constant such that the average magnitude of the demagnetization peak remains constant during the first duration and the output current is held constant.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號；處理與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；並且至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯，並且所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯。所述退磁持續時間在大小上與所述峰值信號相乘後等於退磁峰值。使所述開關週期保持恒定，使所述退磁峰值的平均大小在第一持續時間期間保持恒定，並且使所述輸出電流保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating an output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; Deriving information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the output signal and the peak signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The drive signal is associated with a switching period and the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration. The demagnetization duration is equal to the demagnetization peak after being multiplied by the peak signal in magnitude. The switching period is kept constant such that the average magnitude of the demagnetization peak remains constant during the first duration and the output current is held constant.

取決於實施例，可以獲得這些益處中的一個或多個。可以參考下面的詳細描述和附圖全面地理解本發明的這些益處以及各種另外的目的、特徵和優點。One or more of these benefits may be obtained depending on the embodiment. These and various additional objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be <RTIgt;

本發明涉及積體電路。更具體地，本發明提供了用於定壓模式和定流模式的系統和方法。僅僅作為示例，本發明已應用於具有初級側感測和調整的返馳式電源變換器。但是應理解本發明具有更廣的應用範圍。The present invention relates to an integrated circuit. More specifically, the present invention provides systems and methods for constant pressure mode and constant flow mode. By way of example only, the invention has been applied to flyback power converters with primary side sensing and adjustment. However, it should be understood that the invention has a broader range of applications.

圖7是根據本發明一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。7 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

開關模式電源變換系統500包括初級繞組502、次級繞組504和輔助繞組506。另外，變換系統500包括電阻器510、512和580。此外，變換系統500包括電容器526、開關550和二極體554。此外，變換系統500包括以下元件：The switched mode power conversion system 500 includes a primary winding 502, a secondary winding 504, and an auxiliary winding 506. Additionally, conversion system 500 includes resistors 510, 512, and 580. Additionally, the conversion system 500 includes a capacitor 526, a switch 550, and a diode 554. Additionally, transform system 500 includes the following components:

●用於產生Demag 信號和Sampling_clk 信號的元件520；●用於採樣和保持一個或多個信號的元件522；●誤差放大器524；●用於負載補償的元件532；●用於定壓(CV)控制的元件534；●用於產生PWM/PFM調節信號的元件538；●用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件540；●用於定流(CC)控制的元件542；●用於產生閘驅動信號的元件546；●振盪器562；以及●用於前向饋送的元件568。• Element 520 for generating Demag signals and Sampling_clk signals; • Element 522 for sampling and holding one or more signals; • Error amplifier 524; • Element 532 for load compensation; • For constant voltage (CV) Controlled element 534; • element 538 for generating a PWM/PFM adjustment signal; • element 540 for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment; • element 542 for constant current (CC) control; • for generating An element 546 of the gate drive signal; an oscillator 562; and an element 568 for forward feed.

在一個實施例中，元件520、522、532、534、538、540、542、546和568，誤差放大器524以及振盪器562位於晶片590上。例如，晶片590至少包括端子516、530、552和566。儘管上面利用所選出之用於系統500的一組元件進行了示出，然而還可以存在許多替代、修改和變體。例如，元件中的一些可被擴展和/或組合。其它元件可被***上面提到的那些元件中。取決於實施例，元件的排列可以與被替換的其它元件互換。例如，系統500是開關模式返馳式電源變換系統。這些元件的進一步細節可在本說明書，更具體地可在下面找到。In one embodiment, components 520, 522, 532, 534, 538, 540, 542, 546, and 568, error amplifier 524, and oscillator 562 are located on wafer 590. For example, wafer 590 includes at least terminals 516, 530, 552, and 566. Although the above has been illustrated with a selected set of elements for system 500, many alternatives, modifications, and variations are possible. For example, some of the elements can be expanded and/or combined. Other components can be inserted into those components mentioned above. Depending on the embodiment, the arrangement of the components can be interchanged with other components that are replaced. For example, system 500 is a switch mode flyback power conversion system. Further details of these elements can be found in the present specification, and more particularly below.

如圖7所示，根據本發明的實施例，輸出電壓V_out 通過變換系統500的初級側來感測。例如，輸出電壓V_out 的感測至少部分地取決於次級繞組504與輔助繞組506之間的匝數比。例如，次級繞組504緊密地耦合到輔助繞組506。在另一示例中，次級繞組504向二極體554發送信號556，並且通過二極體554被耦合到變換系統500的輸出。As shown in FIG 7, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the output voltage V _out is sensed by the primary-side converting system 500. For example, sensing output voltage V _out is at least partially dependent on the turns ratio between the auxiliary winding and the secondary winding 504 506. For example, secondary winding 504 is tightly coupled to auxiliary winding 506. In another example, secondary winding 504 sends signal 556 to diode 554 and is coupled to the output of conversion system 500 via diode 554.

在一個實施例中，輔助繞組506的輸出信號508用V_AUX 表示。在另一實施例中，輸出信號508經過包括電阻器510(即，R₁ )和電阻器512(即，R₂ )的分壓器的處理。輸出信號514(即，V_INV )從該分壓器被饋送到端子516(即，端子INV)。例如，輸出信號514通過負載補償的元件532被進行了負載補償。在另一示例中，經補償的信號514被饋送到元件520和522兩者中。In one embodiment, the output signal 508 of the auxiliary winding 506 is represented by V _AUX . In another embodiment, the output signal 508 is processed through a voltage divider that includes a resistor 510 (ie, R ₁ ) and a resistor 512 (ie, R ₂ ). Output signal 514 (i.e., V _INV ) is fed from the voltage divider to terminal 516 (i.e., terminal INV). For example, output signal 514 is load compensated by load compensated component 532. In another example, the compensated signal 514 is fed into both elements 520 and 522.

根據一實施例，元件負載補償的532包括如圖14(a)、14(b)、15(a)和/或15(b)所示的一個或多個設備。根據另一實施例，元件520包括如圖10和11所示的某些設備。例如，元件520將Sampling_clk 信號輸出給元件522。利用Sampling_clk ，元件522產生Holding_clk 信號。According to an embodiment, component load compensation 532 includes one or more devices as shown in Figures 14(a), 14(b), 15(a), and/or 15(b). According to another embodiment, element 520 includes certain devices as shown in Figures 10 and 11. For example, component 520 outputs a Sampling_clk signal to element 522. Holding_clk signal 522 is generated using Sampling_clk, element.

在一個實施例中，元件522基於Sampling_clk 信號對經補償的信號514採樣，並且基於Holding_clk 信號來保持經採樣信號。例如，元件522在退磁將近結束時對經補償的信號514採樣，並且保持經採樣信號直到下次採樣為止。在另一示例中，該採樣和保持處理在圖8中示出。In one embodiment, element 522 samples compensated signal 514 based on the Sampling_clk signal and holds the sampled signal based on the Holding_clk signal. For example, element 522 samples compensated signal 514 near the end of demagnetization and holds the sampled signal until the next sample. In another example, the sample and hold process is illustrated in FIG.

此外，如圖7所示，經採樣和保持的信號V_samp 從元件522發送給誤差放大器524。根據某些實施例，誤差放大器524包括如圖14(a)、14(b)、15(a)和/或15(b)所示的一些設備。誤差放大器524還接收參考信號V_ref 。例如，參考信號V_ref 基於變換系統500的輸出負載被補償。在另一示例中，信號V_samp 與參考信號V_ref 作比較，並且其差值被誤差放大器524放大。在一個實施例中，誤差放大器524通過電容器526產生輸出信號528。例如，電容器526通過端子530(即，端子COMP)連接到誤差放大器524。在另一示例中，輸出信號528(即，V_COMP )反映了負載條件。在又一示例中，V_COMP 被用來影響PWM/PFM開關頻率和PWM/PFM脈寬，以便調整輸出電壓V_out 。Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the sampled and held signal _{Vsamp is} sent from component 522 to error amplifier 524. According to some embodiments, error amplifier 524 includes some of the devices shown in Figures 14(a), 14(b), 15(a), and/or 15(b). Error amplifier 524 also receives reference signal V _ref . For example, the reference signal V _ref is compensated based on the output load of the transform system 500. In another example, signal V _{samp is} compared to reference signal V _ref and its difference is amplified by error amplifier 524. In one embodiment, error amplifier 524 produces an output signal 528 through capacitor 526. For example, capacitor 526 is coupled to error amplifier 524 through terminal 530 (ie, terminal COMP). In another example, output signal 528 (ie, V _COMP ) reflects the load condition. In yet another example, V _COMP is used to affect the PWM/PFM switching frequency and the PWM/PFM pulse width to adjust the output voltage V _out .

如圖7所示，輸出信號528發送給負載補償的元件532和元件534。例如，元件534在定壓(CV)模式中使輸出電壓V_out 保持恒定。在另一示例中，元件534將控制信號536發送給元件538，並將控制信號558發送給振盪器562。作為回應，振盪器562向元件538輸出時鐘信號560。As shown in FIG. 7, output signal 528 is sent to load compensated component 532 and component 534. For example, element 534 remains constant output voltage V _out at constant pressure (CV) mode manipulation. In another example, element 534 sends control signal 536 to element 538 and control signal 558 to oscillator 562. In response, oscillator 562 outputs a clock signal 560 to component 538.

另外，在一個實施例中，誤差放大器524還向元件568輸出信號570，作為回應，元件568產生信號572併發送給元件534。在另一實施例中，元件534接收信號572和信號528兩者。Additionally, in one embodiment, error amplifier 524 also outputs signal 570 to element 568, in response, element 568 generates signal 572 and sends it to element 534. In another embodiment, element 534 receives both signal 572 and signal 528.

如圖7所示，元件520還將Demag 信號發送給元件542，元件542還接收信號V_samp 。作為回應，元件542輸出控制信號592。根據一實施例，控制信號592被用來在定流(CC)模式中使輸出電流I_out 保持恒定。例如，元件542包括如圖17所示的一個或多個設備。在另一示例中，元件542通過振盪器562根據初級繞組電感來鎖定開關頻率，並且因此補償初級繞組電感的變化。在又一示例中，使得定流(CC)模式中的輸出電流I_out 獨立於初級繞組電感。As shown in Figure 7, element 520 also sends a Demag signal to element 542, which also receives signal _Vsamp . In response, element 542 outputs control signal 592. According to an embodiment, control signal 592 is used to keep output current _Iout constant in a constant current (CC) mode. For example, element 542 includes one or more devices as shown in FIG. In another example, element 542 locks the switching frequency by oscillator 562 based on the primary winding inductance and thus compensates for variations in the primary winding inductance. In yet another example, the output current _Iout in the constant current (CC) mode is made independent of the primary winding inductance.

根據一個實施例，元件538至少接收信號560、536和592、以及來自元件540的信號574。元件540除了接收來自端子566(即，端子CS)的信號564以外，還接收Vth_oc。例如，Vth_oc表示預定閾值電壓位準。在另一示例中，信號564是電壓信號。作為回應，元件538向元件546輸出控制信號544，元件546進而向開關550發送驅動信號548。例如，控制信號544是調節信號。在另一示例中，開關是電源MOSFET。在又一示例中，開關是電源BJT。在又一示例中，開關通過端子552(即，端子Gate)連接到元件546。在又一示例中，驅動信號548由V_Gate 表示。According to one embodiment, element 538 receives signals 560, 536, and 592, and signal 574 from element 540. Element 540 receives Vth_oc in addition to signal 564 from terminal 566 (ie, terminal CS). For example, Vth_oc represents a predetermined threshold voltage level. In another example, signal 564 is a voltage signal. In response, element 538 outputs control signal 544 to element 546, which in turn sends drive signal 548 to switch 550. For example, control signal 544 is an adjustment signal. In another example, the switch is a power MOSFET. In yet another example, the switch is a power source BJT. In yet another example, the switch is connected to element 546 by terminal 552 (ie, terminal Gate). In yet another example, the drive signal 548 is represented by V _Gate .

根據一個實施例，控制信號544用來確定PWM/PFM控制的導通時間和開關頻率。例如，較大的V_COMP 大小會產生較長的導通時間，並且因此將產生被遞送到輸出的較高的功率水準。在另一示例中，較大的V_COMP 大小會產生較高的開關頻率，並且因此將產生被遞送到輸出的較高的功率水準。根據另一實施例，PWM/PFM控制的導通時間由元件538確定，並且PWM/PFM控制的開關頻率由振盪器562確定。According to one embodiment, control signal 544 is used to determine the on time and switching frequency of the PWM/PFM control. For example, a larger V _COMP size will result in a longer on-time and will therefore produce a higher power level delivered to the output. In another example, a larger V _COMP size will result in a higher switching frequency and thus will result in a higher power level being delivered to the output. According to another embodiment, the on-time of the PWM/PFM control is determined by element 538 and the switching frequency of the PWM/PFM control is determined by oscillator 562.

如上所述並在此進一步強調，圖7僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，變換系統500還包括未在圖5中示出的一個或多個元件。在另一示例中，變換系統500還包括未在圖5中示出的一個或多個連接。在又一示例中，變換系統500包括與圖5所示的元件不同的一個或多個元件。在又一示例中，變換系統500包括與圖5所示的連接不同的一個或多個連接。在又一示例中，電容器526可用於環路穩定補償的另一電路替換。As noted above and further emphasized herein, FIG. 7 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, transform system 500 also includes one or more components not shown in FIG. In another example, transform system 500 also includes one or more connections not shown in FIG. In yet another example, transform system 500 includes one or more components that are different than the components shown in FIG. In yet another example, transform system 500 includes one or more connections that are different than the connections shown in FIG. In yet another example, capacitor 526 can be used for another circuit replacement of loop stabilization compensation.

圖8是根據本發明實施例由作為開關模式電源變換系統500一部分的元件522所執行的信號採樣和保持的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。FIG. 8 is a simplified timing diagram of signal sampling and holding performed by element 522 as part of switch mode power conversion system 500, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖8所示，波形610表示作為時間的函數的V_Gate ，波形620表示作為時間的函數的V_AUX ，波形630表示作為時間的函數的V_INV ，並且波形660表示作為時間的函數的V_samp 。另外，波形640表示作為時間的函數的Samp ling_clk 信號，並且波形650表示作為時間的函數的Holding_clk 信號。As shown in Figure 8, waveform 610 represents V _Gate as a function of time, waveform 620 represents V _AUX as a function of time, waveform 630 represents V _INV as a function of time, and waveform 660 represents V _samp as a function of time. . Additionally, waveform 640 represents the Sample_clk signal as a function of time, and waveform 650 represents the Holding_clk signal as a function of time.

參考圖7，如波形610所示的信號V_Gate 被發送到開關550。例如，根據本發明的實施例，在開關550通過V_Gate 而截止之後，儲存在初級繞組502中的能量就被傳送到輔助繞組506和次級繞組504兩者。在另一示例中，如波形620所示的信號V_AUX 類比次級繞組504處的信號556。在一個實施例中，信號556反映了臨近每個退磁時段結束時的輸出電壓V_out 。在又一示例中，如波形630所示的信號V_INV 類比每個退磁時段期間的如波形620所示的信號V_AUX 。Referring to FIG. 7, a signal V _Gate as shown by waveform 610 is sent to switch 550. For example, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, after switch 550 is turned off by the V _Gate , energy stored in primary winding 502 is transferred to both auxiliary winding 506 and secondary winding 504. In another example, signal V _AUX as shown by waveform 620 is analogous to signal 556 at secondary winding 504. In one embodiment, the signal 556 reflecting the output voltage V _out near the end of each period when demagnetization. In yet another example, signal V _INV as shown by waveform 630 is analogous to signal V _AUX as shown by waveform 620 during each demagnetization period.

另外，根據本發明一實施例，波形640所示出之信號Sampling_clk 的脈衝在退磁時段結束時被產生。根據另一實施例，波形650所示出的信號Holding_clk 的脈衝在退磁時段結束時被產生。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waveform signal shown in FIG Sampling_clk pulse 640 is generated at the end of the demagnetization period. According to another embodiment, the pulse of the signal Holding_clk shown by waveform 650 is generated at the end of the demagnetization period.

根據一實施例，如波形630所示，信號V_INV 在Sampling_clk 信號的下降邊緣被採樣，並且在時鐘週期的其餘部分期間被保持。例如，信號V_INV 的經採樣和保持的值被用來產生信號V_samp 。在另一示例中，信號幅度V_a 反映了元件522的輸出電壓。According to an embodiment, as shown by waveform 630, signal V _INV is sampled at the falling edge of the Sampling_clk signal and is held during the remainder of the clock cycle. For example, the sampled and held values of signal V _INV are used to generate signal V _samp . In another example, signal amplitude V _a reflects the output voltage of element 522.

如上所述並在此進一步強調，圖8僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，V_a 從一個採樣時鐘週期到另一採樣時鐘週期而改變，因此V_samp 在大小上也從一個採樣時鐘週期到另一採樣時鐘週期而改變。As noted above and further emphasized herein, FIG. 8 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, V _a changes from one sampling clock cycle to another sampling clock cycle, so V _samp also changes in size from one sampling clock cycle to another sampling clock cycle.

圖9是示出根據本發明實施例用於開關模式電源變換系統500的輸出電壓調整的某些元件的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。9 is a simplified diagram showing certain elements for output voltage adjustment of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖7和圖9所示，根據一實施例，分壓器接收來自輔助繞組506的信號508，並且向端子INV輸出信號514。在另一實施例中，信號514通過負載補償的元件532而進行負載補償。經補償的信號514被饋送到元件520和522兩者。As shown in Figures 7 and 9, according to an embodiment, the voltage divider receives signal 508 from auxiliary winding 506 and outputs signal 514 to terminal INV. In another embodiment, signal 514 is load compensated by load compensated component 532. The compensated signal 514 is fed to both elements 520 and 522.

例如，元件522在臨近退磁結束時對經補償信號514採樣，並保持經採樣信號直到下次採樣。經採樣和保持的信號V_samp 從元件522發送給誤差放大器524，誤差放大器524還接收參考信號V_ref 。信號V_samp 與參考信號V_ref 作比較，並且其差值被誤差放大器524放大。For example, element 522 samples compensated signal 514 near the end of demagnetization and holds the sampled signal until the next sample. The sampled and held signal V _{samp is} sent from component 522 to error amplifier 524, which also receives reference signal V _ref . The signal V _{samp is} compared to the reference signal V _ref and its difference is amplified by the error amplifier 524.

在一個實施例中，誤差放大器524通過電容器526產生輸出信號528。例如，電容器526通過端子530(即，端子COMP)連接到誤差放大器524。在另一示例中，輸出信號528(即，V_COMP )反映了負載條件，並且影響PWM/PFM開關頻率和PWN/PFM脈寬，以便調整輸出電壓V_out 。In one embodiment, error amplifier 524 produces an output signal 528 through capacitor 526. For example, capacitor 526 is coupled to error amplifier 524 through terminal 530 (ie, terminal COMP). In another example, output signal 528 (ie, V _COMP ) reflects the load condition and affects the PWM/PFM switching frequency and the PWN/PFM pulse width to adjust the output voltage V _out .

如圖7和圖9所示，根據一實施例，輸出信號528(即，V_COMP )發送給元件534。例如，元件534將控制信號536發送給元件538，並將控制信號558發送給振盪器562。在一個實施例中，控制信號558是注入振盪器562的電流。作為回應，振盪器562處理控制信號558以便確定時鐘信號560的頻率，並且還向元件538輸出時鐘信號560。在另一示例中，元件538接收信號560和536兩者，並且向元件546輸出控制信號544。元件546處理該控制信號544以便確定PWM/PFM開關頻率和PWM/PFM脈寬兩者。在一個實施例中，PWM/PFM脈寬用來確定初級繞組502的電流。初級繞組502的電流和PWM/PFM開關頻率一起用來調整輸出電壓，並且在CV模式中維持其恒定大小。As shown in Figures 7 and 9, an output signal 528 (i.e., V _COMP ) is sent to element 534, in accordance with an embodiment. For example, element 534 sends control signal 536 to element 538 and control signal 558 to oscillator 562. In one embodiment, control signal 558 is the current injected into oscillator 562. In response, oscillator 562 processes control signal 558 to determine the frequency of clock signal 560 and also outputs clock signal 560 to element 538. In another example, element 538 receives both signals 560 and 536 and outputs control signal 544 to element 546. Element 546 processes the control signal 544 to determine both the PWM/PFM switching frequency and the PWM/PFM pulse width. In one embodiment, the PWM/PFM pulse width is used to determine the current of the primary winding 502. The current of primary winding 502, along with the PWM/PFM switching frequency, is used to adjust the output voltage and maintain its constant magnitude in CV mode.

根據一個實施例，如果V_comp 的大小小於預定值，則電源變換系統500處於CV模式。例如，如果電壓V_samp 在大小上等於V_ref ，則V_comp 小於預定值。在CV模式中，V_comp 用來調節PWM/PFM開關頻率和/或脈寬。例如，控制PWM/PFM開關頻率和PWM/PFM脈寬兩者，以便使輸出電壓V_out 保持恒定。According to one embodiment, if the magnitude of _Vcomp is less than a predetermined value, then power conversion system 500 is in CV mode. For example, if the voltage V _samp is equal in magnitude to V _ref , then V _{comp is} less than a predetermined value. In CV mode, V _{comp is} used to adjust the PWM/PFM switching frequency and/or pulse width. For example, both control PWM / PFM switching frequency and PWM / PFM pulse width, so that the output voltage V _out remains constant.

根據另一實施例，如果V_comp 的大小超過預定值，則電源變換系統500處於CC模式。例如，如果電壓V_samp 在大小上低於V_ref ，則V_comp 將超過預定值。在CC模式中，為了調整輸出電流I_out ，電壓V_samp 被用來控制開關頻率。例如，PWM/PFM開關頻率與V_samp 成線性比例關係，V_samp 進而與輸出電壓V_out 比例。According to another embodiment, if the magnitude of _Vcomp exceeds a predetermined value, power conversion system 500 is in CC mode. For example, if the voltage V _samp is less than V _ref in size, V _comp will exceed a predetermined value. In the CC mode, in order to adjust the output current I _out , the voltage V _samp is used to control the switching frequency. For example, PWM / PFM switching frequency is linearly proportional to V _samp, V _samp turn proportional to the output voltage V _out.

如上所述，根據本發明一些實施例，參考圖7，元件520包括如圖10和圖11所示的設備。As described above, with reference to Figure 7, element 520 includes the apparatus as shown in Figures 10 and 11 in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.

圖10是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500一部分的元件520之用於產生Demag 信號的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices for generating a Demag signal as an element 520 that is part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖7和圖10所示，信號V_INV 由元件520接收並且與兩個閾值電壓作比較。一個閾值電壓是V_th1 ，另一閾值電壓是V_samp -V_th2 。V_th1 和V_th2 是預定常數，並且V_samp 是從元件522接收的先前採樣出的電壓。至少部分地基於信號V_INV 與兩個閾值電壓的比較來產生Demag 信號。例如，檢測退磁時段，以便產生Demag 信號。As shown in Figures 7 and 10, signal V _INV is received by element 520 and compared to two threshold voltages. One threshold voltage is V _th1 and the other threshold voltage is V _samp -V _th2 . _Vth1 and _Vth2 are predetermined constants, and _Vsamp is the previously sampled voltage received from element 522. The Demag signal is generated based at least in part on the comparison of the signal V _INV with the two threshold voltages. For example, the demagnetization period is detected to generate a Demag signal.

圖11是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500一部分的元件520之用於產生Sampling_clk 信號的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。11 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices for generating a Sampling_clk signal for component 520 that is part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖10所示，產生Demag 信號。至少部分地基於Demag 信號，也產生其它信號P _in1 ,P _in2 ,S _ync1 ,S _ync2 ,S amp1 和Samp2 ，如圖11所示。Demag 信號的持續時間資訊被積分器儲存。例如，積分器包括開關和電容器910和920(即，分別為電容器C1和C2)。在另一示例中，電容器C1和C2的電壓分別為節點912處的V_C1 和節點922處的V_C2 。As shown in Figure 10, a Demag signal is generated. Based at least in part on the Demag signal, other signals P _in1 , P _in2 , S _ync1 , S _ync2 , S amp1 and Samp2 are also generated, as shown in FIG. The duration information of the Demag signal is stored by the integrator. For example, the integrator includes switches and capacitors 910 and 920 (ie, capacitors C1 and C2, respectively). In another example, the voltages of capacitors C1 and C2 are V _C1 at node 912 and V _C2 at node 922, respectively.

在一個實施例中，開關由信號P_in1 和P_in2 控制。在另一實施例中，所儲存的Demag 信號的持續時間資訊用來確定Sampling_clk 信號的下一脈衝的定時。例如，Sampling_clk 信號的下一脈衝正好在退磁時段結束之前出現，如圖8所示。另外，下一脈衝的寬度由單穩態(one-shot)器件930確定。In one embodiment, the switches are controlled by signals P _in1 and P _in2 . In another embodiment, the stored duration information of the Demag signal is used to determine the timing of the next pulse of the Sampling_clk signal. For example, the next pulse of the Sampling_clk signal appears just before the end of the demagnetization period, as shown in FIG. Additionally, the width of the next pulse is determined by a one-shot device 930.

圖12是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500一部分的元件520之用於產生Sampling_clk 信號的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。12 is a simplified timing diagram showing the generation of a Sampling_clk signal for component 520 that is part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖12所示，波形1010表示作為時間的函數的Sampling_clk 信號，波形1020表示作為時間的函數的Tpau 信號，並且波形1030表示作為時間的函數的Samp1 信號。另外，波形1040表示作為時間的函數的V_C2 。此外，波形1050表示作為時間的函數的S _ync ₂ 信號，波形1060表示作為時間的函數的P _in1 信號，並且波形1070表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號。例如，Sampling_clk 信號、Tpau 信號、Samp1 信號、S _ync2 信號、P _in1 信號和Demag 信號。As shown in FIG. 12, waveform 1010 represents a Sampling_clk signal as a function of time, waveform 1020 represents a Tpau signal as a function of time, and waveform 1030 represents a Samp1 signal as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 1040 represents V _C2 as a function of time. Further, the waveform 1050 represents a function of time as S _ync ₂ signal 1060 represents a waveform as a function of time P _in1 signal, and the waveform 1070 represents a Demag signal as a function of time. For example, Sampling_clk signal, Tpau signal, Samp1 _signal, S ync2 signal, P _in1 signal and a Demag signal.

根據一個實施例，Sampling_clk 信號的定時是基於前一週期中Demag 信號的定時和持續時間來確定，並且P _in1 和P _in2 信號的每個是至少部分地基於當前週期中Demag 信號的持續時間來產生。例如，Demag 信號的持續時間是如圖12所示的Demag 信號的脈寬。根據另一實施例，Samp1 信號具有與Samp2 信號相同的脈寬。例如，脈寬等於開關550的截止與下一採樣之間的時間間隔。在另一示例中，Samp1 和Samp2 信號用來確定Sampling_clk 信號的定時。According to one embodiment, the timing of the Sampling_clk signal is determined based on the timing and duration of the Demag signal in the previous cycle, and each of the P _in1 and P _in2 signals is generated based, at least in part, on the duration of the Demag signal in the current cycle. . For example, the duration of the signal is Demag Demag signal pulse width shown in Figure 12. According to another embodiment, the Samp1 signal has the same pulse width as the Samp2 signal. For example, the pulse width is equal to the time interval between the cutoff of the switch 550 and the next sample. In another example, the Samp1 and Samp2 signals are used to determine the timing of the Sampling_clk signal.

在一個實施例中，P _in1 信號與Samp2 信號之間的關係可通過以下的差等式來描述。In one embodiment, the relationship between the P _in1 signal and the Samp 2 signal can be described by the difference equation below.

βP _in
1 (k -1)-α *Samp ₂ (k -1)-A *δ (k )=Samp ₂ (k ) (9) βP _{in 1} ( k -1)- α * Samp ₂ ( k -1)- A * δ ( k )= Samp ₂ ( k ) (9)

其中，P_in1 表示P _in1 信號，並且Samp₂ 表示Samp2 信號。該關係可以進一步通過下面的Z變換來描述：βP _in
1 (Z )Z ^-1 -α *Samp ₂ (Z )Z ^-1 -A =Samp ₂ (Z ) (10)和 Wherein P _in1 represents the P _in1 signal, and Samp ₂ represents the Samp2 signal. This relationship can be further described by the following Z transform: βP _{in 1} ( Z ) Z ^-1 - α * Samp ₂ ( Z ) Z ^-1 - A = Samp ₂ ( Z ) (10) and

其中，A是恒定的初始值。Where A is a constant initial value.

另外，第二項(時間→∞)；因此 In addition, the second item (time → ∞); therefore

從等式12可看出，Samp2 信號的脈寬在每個週期根據前一週期中Demag 信號的持續時間而被更新。As can be seen from Equation 12, the pulse width of the Samp2 signal is updated every cycle according to the duration of the Demag signal in the previous cycle.

圖13是根據本發明另一實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。FIG. 13 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖13所示，波形1110表示作為時間的函數的V_out ，波形1120表示作為時間的函數的V_INV ，並且波形1130表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號。另外，波形1140表示作為時間的函數的端子CS處的信號564的電壓位準，並且波形1150表示作為時間的函數的端子Gate處的信號548。As shown, the waveform 1110 represents a 13 V _out as a function of time, the waveform 1120 represents V _INV as a function of time, and the waveform 1130 represents a Demag signal as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 1140 represents the voltage level of signal 564 at terminal CS as a function of time, and waveform 1150 represents signal 548 at terminal Gate as a function of time.

如上所述，根據本發明某些實施例，參考圖7，負載補償的元件532包括如圖14(a)、圖14(b)、圖15(a)和/或圖15(b)所示的一個或多個設備，並且，誤差放大器524包括如圖14(a)、圖14(b)、圖15(a)和/或圖15(b)所示的一些設備。As described above, with reference to Figure 7, load-compensating element 532 includes as shown in Figures 14(a), 14(b), 15(a), and/or 15(b), in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. One or more The devices, and error amplifier 524, include some of the devices shown in Figures 14(a), 14(b), 15(a), and/or 15(b).

圖14(a)是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的部分的負載補償的元件532和誤差放大器524的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。14(a) is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of load-compensated component 532 and error amplifier 524 as part of switch mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖14(a)所示，負載補償的元件532包括電流源1230，並且誤差放大器524包括元件1210和跨導放大器1220。例如，元件1210確定兩個輸入信號在大小上的差異。As shown in FIG. 14(a), load compensated component 532 includes current source 1230, and error amplifier 524 includes component 1210 and transconductance amplifier 1220. For example, element 1210 determines the difference in size between the two input signals.

例如，元件1210接收電壓信號V_samp 和參考信號V_ref ，並且產生大小等於V_ref -V_samp 的信號570。在另一示例中，跨導放大器1220放大信號570以產生輸出信號528。根據一個實施例，輸出信號528由電容器526接收。例如，電容器526用作用於閉合環路的低通濾波器。另外，作為前向饋送路徑一部分的元件568向閉合環路提供零，以提高變換系統500的操作穩定性。For example, component 1210 receives voltage signal V _samp and reference signal V _ref and produces signal 570 having a magnitude equal to V _ref -V _samp . In another example, transconductance amplifier 1220 amplifies signal 570 to produce output signal 528. According to one embodiment, output signal 528 is received by capacitor 526. For example, capacitor 526 acts as a low pass filter for the closed loop. Additionally, element 568, which is part of the forward feed path, provides zero to the closed loop to improve the operational stability of the conversion system 500.

電流源1230產生隨著輸出負載變化的電流I_COMPEN_P。電流I_COMPEN_P流經端子INV和電阻器512。例如，電流I_COMPEN_P用來補償因電纜引起的電壓降以及隨著輸出電流I_out 變化的其它電壓損耗。在另一示例中，I_COMPEN_P電流在無負載條件時達到其最大值，並且在滿負載條件時變為零。Current source 1230 produces a current I_COMPEN_P that varies with the output load. The current I_COMPEN_P flows through the terminal INV and the resistor 512. For example, the current I_COMPEN_P is used to compensate for the voltage drop caused by the cable and other voltage losses that vary with the output current _Iout . In another example, the I_COMPEN_P current reaches its maximum value under no load conditions and becomes zero at full load conditions.

根據一個實施例，通過負載補償，輸出電壓V_out 可表達為如下。According to one embodiment, by compensating the load, output voltage V _out can be expressed as follows.

其中，n是輔助繞組506與次級繞組504之間的匝數比。另外，V_D1 是二極體554的前向二極體壓降，並且 Where n is the turns ratio between the auxiliary winding 506 and the secondary winding 504. Further, V _D1 diode 554 is forward diode voltage drop, and

例如，等式13中最後一項表示用於抵消因電纜引起的電壓降的補償因數。For example, the last term in Equation 13 represents a compensation factor for canceling the voltage drop caused by the cable.

圖14(b)是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500中的負載補償的元件532的一部分的電流源1230的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。14(b) is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of current source 1230 as part of load-compensated component 532 in switch mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

參考圖14(a)，負載補償的元件532包括電流源1230。如圖14(b)所示，電流源1230包括電壓到電流轉換器1240、定流源1250和元件1260。例如，元件1260確定兩個輸入信號在大小上的差異。Referring to FIG. 14(a), load compensated component 532 includes current source 1230. As shown in FIG. 14(b), current source 1230 includes a voltage to current converter 1240, a constant current source 1250, and an element 1260. For example, element 1260 determines the difference in size between the two input signals.

例如，信號528(即，V_COMP )由電壓到電流轉換器1240接收並且被轉換為電流I_COMPEN。在另一示例中，定流源1250產生恒定電流Icc。電流Icc和I_COMPEN兩者由元件1260接收，元件1260產生電流I_COMPEN_P。在一個實施例中，電流I_COMPEN_P等於Icc-I_COMPEN。在另一實施例中，如果V_COMP 變大，則電流I_COMPEN_P變小。For example, signal 528 (ie, V _COMP ) is received by voltage to current converter 1240 and converted to current I_COMPEN. In another example, the constant current source 1250 produces a constant current Icc. Both current Icc and I_COMPEN are received by element 1260, which produces current I_COMPEN_P. In one embodiment, the current I_COMPEN_P is equal to Icc-I_COMPEN. In another embodiment, if V _COMP becomes larger, the current I_COMPEN_P becomes smaller.

圖15(a)是示出作為根據本發明另一實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的部分的負載補償的元件532和誤差放大器524的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。Figure 15 (a) is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of load-compensated component 532 and error amplifier 524 as part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖15(a)所示，負載補償的元件532包括電流槽1330，並且誤差放大器524包括元件1310和跨導放大器1320。例如，元件1310確定兩個輸入信號在大小上的差異。As shown in FIG. 15(a), the load compensating element 532 includes a current sink 1330, and the error amplifier 524 includes an element 1310 and a transconductance amplifier 1320. For example, element 1310 determines the difference in size between the two input signals.

例如，元件1310接收電壓信號V_samp 和參考信號V_ref ，並且產生大小等於V_ref- V_samp 的信號570。在另一示例中，跨導放大器1320放大信號570以產生輸出信號528。根據一個實施例，輸出信號528由電容器526接收。例如，電容器526用作用於閉合環路的低通濾波器。另外，作為前向饋送路徑一部分的元件568向閉合環路提供零，以提高變換系統500的操作穩定性。For example, a voltage signal receiving element 1310 V _samp and the reference signal V _ref, and generates a size equal to _V ref- V _samp signal 570. In another example, transconductance amplifier 1320 amplifies signal 570 to produce output signal 528. According to one embodiment, output signal 528 is received by capacitor 526. For example, capacitor 526 acts as a low pass filter for the closed loop. Additionally, element 568, which is part of the forward feed path, provides zero to the closed loop to improve the operational stability of the conversion system 500.

電流槽1330產生隨著輸出負載變化的電流I_COMPEN_N。電流I_COMPEN_N流經電阻器510和端子INV。例如，電流I_COMPEN_N用來補償因電纜引起的電壓降以及隨著輸出電流I_out 變化的其它電壓損耗。在另一示例中，I_COMPEN_N電流在滿負載條件時達到其最大值，並且在無負載條件時變為零。Current tank 1330 produces a current I_COMPEN_N that varies with the output load. Current I_COMPEN_N flows through resistor 510 and terminal INV. For example, the current I_COMPEN_N is used to compensate for the voltage drop caused by the cable and other voltage losses that vary with the output current _Iout . In another example, the I_COMPEN_N current reaches its maximum value at full load conditions and becomes zero when there is no load condition.

圖15(b)是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500中的負載補償的元件532的一部分的電流槽1330的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。Figure 15 (b) is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of current sink 1330 as part of load-compensated component 532 in switch mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

參考圖15(a)，負載補償的元件532包括電流槽1330。如圖15(b)所示，電流槽1330包括電壓到電流轉換器1340以及包括電阻器1350和1360的電流鏡。例如，信號528(即，V_COMP )由電壓到電流轉換器1340接收並且被轉換為電流I_COMPEN。在另一示例中，電流I_COMPEN由電流鏡接收，電流鏡產生電流I_COMPEN_N。在一個實施例中，電流I_COMPEN_N等於m×I_COMPEN，m是正整數。在另一實施例中，如果V_COMP 變大，則電流I_COMPEN_N也變大。Referring to Figure 15(a), the load compensating element 532 includes a current sink 1330. As shown in FIG. 15(b), the current sink 1330 includes a voltage to current converter 1340 and a current mirror including resistors 1350 and 1360. For example, signal 528 (ie, V _COMP ) is received by voltage to current converter 1340 and converted to current I_COMPEN. In another example, current I_COMPEN is received by a current mirror that produces current I_COMPEN_N. In one embodiment, the current I_COMPEN_N is equal to m x I_COMPEN, and m is a positive integer. In another embodiment, if V _COMP becomes larger, the current I_COMPEN_N also becomes larger.

圖16是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的部分的元件568和誤差放大器524的CMOS實現的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。16 is a simplified diagram showing a CMOS implementation of component 568 and error amplifier 524 as part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

圖17是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的部分的元件542的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。17 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of element 542 as part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖17所示，元件542包括電壓到電流轉換器1510、元件1520和鎖相環1530。例如，元件1520確定兩個輸入信號在大小上的差異。在另一示例中，元件1520接收來自電壓到電流轉換器1510的信號1512和來自鎖相環1530的信號1534，並且輸出表示信號1512與信號1534的大小之差的信號1522。As shown in FIG. 17, component 542 includes voltage to current converter 1510, component 1520, and phase locked loop 1530. For example, element 1520 determines the difference in size between the two input signals. In another example, element 1520 receives signal 1512 from voltage to current converter 1510 and signal 1534 from phase locked loop 1530, and outputs a signal 1522 representing the difference between the magnitude of signal 1512 and signal 1534.

如圖7和圖17所示，元件522採樣信號514並且產生信號V_samp 。另外，Demag 信號由元件520產生。在一個實施例中，Demag 信號的持續時間與初級繞組502的電流成比例並且也與次級繞組504的電流成比例。例如，Demag 信號的持續時間是如圖12所示的Demag 信號的脈寬。As shown in Figures 7 and 17, element 522 samples signal 514 and produces signal _Vsamp . Additionally, the Demag signal is generated by element 520. In one embodiment, the duration of the Demag signal is proportional to the current of the primary winding 502 and is also proportional to the current of the secondary winding 504. For example, the duration of the signal is Demag Demag signal pulse width shown in Figure 12.

在一個實施例中，如果信號V_samp 在大小上小於信號V_ref ，則V_comp 的大小超過預定值，並且電源變換系統500處於CC模式。例如，V_comp 的大小達到其最大值時，CC模式被檢測到。在另一實施例中，在CC模式中，PWM/PFM開關頻率由電壓V_samp 來控制。例如，PWM/PFM開關頻率與V_samp 成線性比例關係，V_samp 進而與輸出電壓V_out 比例。In one embodiment, if the signal V _samp is smaller in magnitude than the signal V _ref , then the magnitude of V _comp exceeds a predetermined value and the power conversion system 500 is in CC mode. For example, when the size of V _comp reaches its maximum value, the CC mode is detected. In another embodiment, in CC mode, the PWM/PFM switching frequency is controlled by voltage _Vsamp . For example, PWM / PFM switching frequency is linearly proportional to V _samp, V _samp turn proportional to the output voltage V _out.

例如，在CC模式中，斷續傳導模式(DCM)下的V_out 由下式給出：For example, in CC mode, V _out in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is given by:

其中，Po表示變換系統500的輸出功率。另外，Vo和Io分別表示輸出電壓V_out 和輸出電流I_out 。此外，Lp表示初級繞組502的電感，Fsw表示開關頻率，並且Ip表示初級繞組502的峰值電流。η是常數。Where Po represents the output power of the conversion system 500. In addition, Vo and Io represent the output voltage V _out and the output current I _{out , respectively} . Further, Lp represents the inductance of the primary winding 502, Fsw represents the switching frequency, and Ip represents the peak current of the primary winding 502. η is a constant.

如果Fsw與V_samp 成比例，則Fsw也與Vo成比例，如下。If Fsw is proportional to V _samp , Fsw is also proportional to Vo, as follows.

F _sw =εVo 　(16) F _sw =ε Vo (16)

其中，ε是常數。組合等式15和16，則Where ε is a constant. Combine equations 15 and 16, then

由於η和ε是常數，因此如果Ip和Lp被精確控制，則輸出電流Io是恒定的。但是，如果Lp未被精確控制，則Io即使在CC模式中也可能改變。Since η and ε are constants, if Ip and Lp are precisely controlled, the output current Io is constant. However, if Lp is not precisely controlled, Io may change even in CC mode.

其中，α是常數，則Where α is a constant, then

因此，如果Ip被精確控制並且如果滿足等式18，則可以使Io恒定。Therefore, if Ip is precisely controlled and if Equation 18 is satisfied, Io can be made constant.

另外，對於返馳式操作，根據一實施例，可以通過次級繞組504的電感Ls、次級繞組504的峰值電流I _P _{_sec} 以及輸出電壓Vo 來確定退磁持續時間，如下。例如，退磁持續時間與Demag信號的持續時間(例如圖12所示的Demag信號的脈寬)相同。Further, the flyback operation, in accordance with an embodiment, the inductance Ls of the winding 504 may be via a secondary, the secondary winding 504 and the peak current _I _P _sec output voltage Vo to determine the duration of demagnetization, as follows. For example, the demagnetization duration is the same as the duration of the Demag signal (eg, the pulse width of the Demag signal shown in Figure 12).

由於Ls與Lp成比例並且I_{p_sec} 與Ip成比例，因此Since Ls is proportional to Lp and I _{p_sec} is proportional to Ip,

其中，β是常數。如果滿足了等式18，則Where β is a constant. If Equation 18 is satisfied, then

因此，如果Ip被精確控制，則Therefore, if Ip is precisely controlled, then

其中，γ是常數。組合等式19和24，Where γ is a constant. Combine equations 19 and 24,

根據一實施例，如圖7和圖17所示，在CC模式中，PWM/PFM開關頻率由鎖相環1530鎖定。According to an embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 17, in the CC mode, the PWM/PFM switching frequency is locked by the phase locked loop 1530.

並且Io γI _p 　(27)And Io γI _p (27)

根據另一實施例，通過根據等式26基於T_Demag 來調節F_sw ，γ保持恒定。例如，是等於或大於0.25並且等於或小於0.75的常數。因此，只要根據等式27將除了γ以外的I_p 也控制為恒定的，則輸出電流Io被保持為恒定。According to another embodiment, T _Demag-based F _sw is adjusted according to equation 26, γ is kept constant. For example, it is a constant equal to or greater than 0.25 and equal to or less than 0.75. Therefore, as long as _Ip other than γ is also controlled to be constant according to Equation 27, the output current Io is kept constant.

例如，元件542根據初級繞組502的電感來鎖定開關頻率F_SW ，並且因此補償了初級繞組電感的變化。在又一示例中，使得定流(CC)模式中的輸出電流I_out 獨立於初級繞組電感。根據一實施例，如圖7和圖17所示，振盪器562來自作為元件542一部分的元件1520的信號1522，並且還向作為元件542一部分的鎖相環1530發送時鐘信號1532。For example, element 542 locks switching frequency F _SW according to the inductance of primary winding 502 and thus compensates for variations in primary winding inductance. In yet another example, the output current _Iout in the constant current (CC) mode is made independent of the primary winding inductance. According to an embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 17, the oscillator 562 is from the signal 1522 of the component 1520 that is part of the component 542, and also sends a clock signal 1532 to the phase locked loop 1530 that is part of the component 542.

圖18是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的一部分之用於恒定輸出電流(CC)控制的元件542的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。18 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of component 542 for constant output current (CC) control as part of switch mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖18所示，元件542包括脈衝拷貝電路1620、相位檢測器1630、電荷泵1640和自校準電路1650。在一個實施例中，脈衝拷貝電路1620接收來自元件520的信號以及來自時鐘分頻器1610的時鐘信號1614，並且產生信號1629。時鐘信號1614用CLK4表示，並且信號1629用D2C 表示。例如，D2C 信號是Demag 信號的拷貝，但是與時鐘信號CLK4同步。As shown in FIG. 18, element 542 includes pulse copy circuit 1620, phase detector 1630, charge pump 1640, and self-calibration circuit 1650. In one embodiment, pulse copy circuit 1620 receives the signal from element 520 and clock signal 1614 from clock divider 1610 and produces signal 1629. Clock signal 1614 is represented by CLK4 and signal 1629 is represented by D2C . For example, the D2C signal is a copy of the Demag signal, but is synchronized with the clock signal CLK4.

在另一實施例中，脈衝拷貝電路1620包括NAND(反及)閘1622、MOS電晶體1634和1626、以及電容器1628。例如，NAND閘1622接收Demag 信號和時鐘信號1614，並且產生電壓信號D2 。如圖18所示，電壓信號D2 控制MOS電晶體1624。例如，如果信號D2 為邏輯低位準，則MOS電晶體1624通過電流I _p2 對電容器1628充電。在另一示例中，如果信號D2 為邏輯高位準，則MOS電晶體1626通過電流I _n2 1654對電容器1628放電。根據一個實施例，緊鄰這樣的放電之前，電容器1628的電壓反映了信號D2 低電壓位準時的脈寬。根據另一實施例，電流I _p2 等於電流I _n2 。例如，信號D2 低電壓位準時的脈寬與信號D2C 高電壓位準時的脈寬相同。在另一示例中，信號D2C 的上升邊緣與時鐘信號1614的下降邊緣同步。在又一示例中，信號D2C 的上升邊緣與由CLK2 表示的時鐘信號1612的下降邊緣同步。In another embodiment, pulse copy circuit 1620 includes NAND (reverse) gates 1622, MOS transistors 1634 and 1626, and capacitors 1628. For example, NAND gate 1622 receives the Demag signal and clock signal 1614 and produces a voltage signal D2 . As shown in FIG. 18, the voltage signal D2 controls the MOS transistor 1624. For example, if the signal D2 is a logic low level, the MOS transistor 1624 through the current I _p2 capacitor 1628 is charged. In another example, if signal D2 is at a logic high level, MOS transistor 1626 discharges capacitor 1628 by current I _n2 1654. According to one embodiment, immediately prior to such discharge, the voltage of capacitor 1628 reflects the pulse width at the low voltage level of signal D2 . According to another embodiment, the current I _p2 is equal to the current I _n2 . For example, low voltage pulse signal D2 and the signal D2C high voltage pulse on time is the same time. In another example, the rising edge of signal D2C is synchronized with the falling edge of clock signal 1614. In yet another example, the rising edge of signal D2C is synchronized with the falling edge of clock signal 1612 represented by CLK2 .

圖19是用於由作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的一部分的脈衝拷貝電路1620產生D2C 信號的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。19 is a simplified timing diagram for generating a D2C signal by a pulse copy circuit 1620 that is part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

波形1710表示作為時間的函數的時鐘信號CLK2 ，波形1720表示作為時間的函數的時鐘信號CLK4 ，並且波形1730表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號。另外，波形1740表示作為時間的函數的D2 信號，並且波形1750表示作為時間的函數的D2C 信號。Waveform 1710 represents clock signal CLK2 as a function of time, waveform 1720 represents clock signal CLK4 as a function of time, and waveform 1730 represents a Demag signal as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 1740 represents the D2 signal as a function of time, and waveform 1750 represents the D2C signal as a function of time.

如圖19所示，結果，D2C 信號的上升邊緣與時鐘信號CLK2 的下降邊緣以及時鐘信號CLK4 的下降邊緣同步。此外，如圖19所示，Demag 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬與D2C 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬相同。As shown in FIG. 19, as a result, the rising edge of the D2C signal is synchronized with the falling edge of the clock signal CLK2 and the falling edge of the clock signal CLK4 . Further, as shown in FIG. 19, the pulse width at the high voltage level of the Demag signal is the same as the pulse width at the high voltage level of the D2C signal.

參考圖18，信號1629從脈衝拷貝電路1620輸出到相位檢測器1630。相位檢測器1630包括D觸發器1632。例如，D觸發器1632將D2C 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬與時鐘信號CLK2 低電壓位準時的脈寬相比較。Referring to Figure 18, signal 1629 is output from pulse copy circuit 1620 to phase detector 1630. Phase detector 1630 includes a D flip-flop 1632. For example, the D flip-flop 1632 compares the pulse width at the high voltage level of the D2C signal with the pulse width at the low voltage level of the clock signal CLK2 .

在一個實施例中，如果D2C 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬大於時鐘信號CLK2 低電壓位準時的脈寬，則Q端子處的信號1634為高電壓位準，並且QN端子處的信號1636為低電壓位準。在另一實施例中，如果D2C 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬小於時鐘信號CLK2 低電壓位準時的脈寬，則Q端子處的信號1634為低電壓位準，並且QN端子處的信號1636為高電壓位準。In one embodiment, if the pulse width at the high voltage level of the D2C signal is greater than the pulse width at the low voltage level of the clock signal CLK2 , the signal 1634 at the Q terminal is at a high voltage level and the signal 1636 at the QN terminal is low. Voltage level. In another embodiment, if the pulse width at the high voltage level of the D2C signal is less than the pulse width at the low voltage level of the clock signal CLK2 , the signal 1634 at the Q terminal is at a low voltage level, and the signal 1636 at the QN terminal is High voltage level.

如圖18所示，信號1634和1636由電荷泵1640接收。電荷泵1640包括電容器1642。例如，電容器1642回應於信號1634和1636而被充電或放電。在另一示例中，電容器1642的充電和放電被用來調整由I _cc 表示的電流信號1644。As shown in FIG. 18, signals 1634 and 1636 are received by charge pump 1640. Charge pump 1640 includes a capacitor 1642. For example, capacitor 1642 is charged or discharged in response to signals 1634 and 1636. In another example, the capacitor charge and discharge current of 1642 represented by signal I _cc is used to adjust 1644.

根據一實施例，電流信號1644由振盪器562接收，振盪器562產生時鐘信號1660。例如，電流信號1644被用來調整振盪器562的偏置電流，以調整時鐘信號1660的頻率。According to an embodiment, current signal 1644 is received by oscillator 562, which generates clock signal 1660. For example, current signal 1644 is used to adjust the bias current of oscillator 562 to adjust the frequency of clock signal 1660.

如上所述並在此進一步強調，圖7僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，如圖18所示，變換系統500包括時鐘分頻器1610，其接收時鐘信號1660並且產生時鐘信號1612和1614。As noted above and further emphasized herein, FIG. 7 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, as shown in FIG. 18, transform system 500 includes a clock divider 1610 that receives clock signal 1660 and generates clock signals 1612 and 1614.

根據一個實施例，時鐘信號1612的頻率是時鐘信號1660的頻率的一半。根據另一實施例，時鐘信號1612的頻率是時鐘信號1614的頻率的兩倍大。例如，如圖19所示，時鐘信號1614(即，時鐘信號CLK4 )的下降邊緣與時鐘信號1612(即，時鐘信號CLK2 )的下降邊緣同步。According to one embodiment, the frequency of clock signal 1612 is half the frequency of clock signal 1660. According to another embodiment, the frequency of the clock signal 1612 is twice as large as the frequency of the clock signal 1614. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the falling edge of clock signal 1614 (ie, clock signal CLK4 ) is synchronized with the falling edge of clock signal 1612 (ie, clock signal CLK2 ).

返回圖18，時鐘信號1612和1614被輸出到元件542用於定流(CC)控制。例如，如圖17所示的時鐘信號1532表示時鐘信號1612和1614。在另一示例中，儘管圖7和圖17未明確示出時鐘分頻器1610，然而根據一實施例，時鐘分頻器1610是變換系統500的一部分。Returning to Figure 18, clock signals 1612 and 1614 are output to element 542 for constant current (CC) control. For example, clock signal 1532 as shown in FIG. 17 represents clock signals 1612 and 1614. In another example, although clock divider 1610 is not explicitly shown in FIGS. 7 and 17, clock divider 1610 is part of transform system 500, in accordance with an embodiment.

作為回應，元件542產生由振盪器562接收的電流信號1644。例如，電流信號1644是如圖17所示的信號1534。根據一個實施例，振盪器562、時鐘分頻器1610和元件542形成環路。In response, element 542 produces a current signal 1644 that is received by oscillator 562. For example, current signal 1644 is signal 1534 as shown in FIG. According to one embodiment, oscillator 562, clock divider 1610, and element 542 form a loop.

例如，該環路具有足夠高的增益。在另一示例中，在該環路變得穩定之後，時鐘信號1612的週期被鎖定為Demag 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬的兩倍長。在一個實施例中，Demag 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬與時鐘信號1612(即，時鐘信號CLK2 )高電壓位準時的脈寬相同，如圖19所示。在另一實施例中，時鐘信號1612的週期等於一常數乘以Demag 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬。例如，該常數等於1/γ.。For example, the loop has a sufficiently high gain. In another example, after the loop becomes stable, the period of the clock signal 1612 is locked twice as long as the pulse width at the high voltage level of the Demag signal. In one embodiment, the pulse width at the high voltage level of the Demag signal is the same as the pulse width at the high voltage level of the clock signal 1612 (ie, the clock signal CLK2 ), as shown in FIG. In another embodiment, the period of the clock signal 1612 is equal to a pulse multiplied by the pulse width at the high voltage level of the Demag signal. For example, the constant is equal to 1/γ.

此外，如圖19所示並如上所述，根據本發明的實施例，Demag 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬與D2C 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬相同。因此，例如，D2C 信號高電壓位準時的脈寬與時鐘信號CLK2 高電壓位準時的脈寬相同。Further, as shown in FIG. 19 and as described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the pulse width at the high voltage level of the Demag signal is the same as the pulse width at the high voltage level of the D2C signal. Therefore, for example, the pulse width at the high voltage level of the D2C signal is the same as the pulse width at the high voltage level of the clock signal CLK2 .

再次參考圖18，自校準電路1650配置以校準電流I _p2 的大小和電流I _n2 的大小。例如，電流I _p2 的大小等於電流I _n2 的大小。Referring again to FIG. 18, since the calibration circuit 1650 is configured to calibrate the magnitude of current I _P2 and a current I of size _n2. For example, the magnitude of the current I _p2 is equal to the magnitude of the current I _n2 .

根據一個實施例，如圖18所示，Demag 信號和時鐘信號CLK4 被饋送到包括振盪器562、時鐘分頻器1610和元件542的環路。該環路調節時鐘信號CLK2 的頻率，以使得時鐘信號CLK2 的頻率被鎖定到Demag 信號的頻率。例如，時鐘信號CLK2 的頻率等於驅動信號548的開關頻率，如等式26所示。According to one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the Demag signal and clock signal CLK4 are fed to a loop comprising an oscillator 562, a clock divider 1610, and an element 542. The loop adjusting the frequency of the clock signal CLK2 to clock signal CLK2 so that the frequency is locked to the frequency of the signal Demag. For example, the frequency of the clock signal CLK2 is equal to the switching frequency of the drive signal 548, as shown in Equation 26.

如上所述，在一個實施例中，輸出電流I_out 由開關550截止時的初級繞組502的峰值電流I_p 來確定。但是，峰值電流I_p 可能由於控制電路的傳播延遲而隨著AC輸入電壓(例如，圖7中的VAC)改變。例如，較高的AC輸入電壓將產生較高的峰值電流I_p ，反之亦然。因此，根據一個實施例，無論輸入AC電壓如何，峰值電流I_p 都應當被精確控制在恒定位準。As described above, in one embodiment, the output current _{Iout is} determined by the peak current _Ip of the primary winding 502 when the switch 550 is turned off. However, the peak current _Ip may vary with the AC input voltage (eg, VAC in Figure 7) due to the propagation delay of the control circuit. For example, a higher AC input voltage will result in a higher peak current _Ip and vice versa. Therefore, according to one embodiment, the peak current _Ip should be accurately controlled at a constant level regardless of the input AC voltage.

圖20是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的一部分之用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件540的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。20 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of component 540 for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment as part of switch mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖20所示，元件540包括高速比較器1810、電荷泵1820、動態閾值產生器1830以及過流保護(OCP)比較器1840。As shown in FIG. 20, component 540 includes a high speed comparator 1810, a charge pump 1820, a dynamic threshold generator 1830, and an overcurrent protection (OCP) comparator 1840.

在一個實施例中，高速比較器1810除了接收來自端子566(即，端子CS)的信號564之外，還接收Vth_oc。例如，流經初級繞組502的電流被電阻器580感測，電阻器580的電阻用Rs表示。如圖7所示，其大小由Is表示的電流582流經電阻器580，並且作為回應，電阻器580產生其大小用Vcs表示的電壓信號564。在另一示例中，當開關550剛剛截止時，Vcs與Vth_oc作比較。In one embodiment, high speed comparator 1810 receives Vth_oc in addition to signal 564 from terminal 566 (ie, terminal CS). For example, the current flowing through the primary winding 502 is sensed by a resistor 580, and the resistance of the resistor 580 is represented by Rs. As shown in FIG. 7, current 582, whose magnitude is represented by Is, flows through resistor 580, and in response, resistor 580 produces a voltage signal 564 whose magnitude is represented by Vcs. In another example, when switch 550 has just turned off, Vcs is compared to Vth_oc.

在另一實施例中，高速比較器1810將Vth_oc與信號564相比較，並產生比較信號1812。比較信號1812由OCP_det表示。例如，比較信號1812由電荷泵1820接收。在另一示例中，電荷泵1820包括RS鎖存器1822和電容器1824。在一個實施例中，RS鎖存器1822接收比較信號1812，並且作為回應控制電容器1824的充電和放電。在另一實施例中，電容器1824提供電壓信號1826，其由動態閾值產生器1830接收。In another embodiment, high speed comparator 1810 compares Vth_oc with signal 564 and produces comparison signal 1812. Comparison signal 1812 is represented by OCP_det. For example, comparison signal 1812 is received by charge pump 1820. In another example, charge pump 1820 includes RS latch 1822 and capacitor 1824. In one embodiment, RS latch 1822 receives comparison signal 1812 and, in response, controls charging and discharging of capacitor 1824. In another embodiment, capacitor 1824 provides a voltage signal 1826 that is received by dynamic threshold generator 1830.

在又一實施例中，動態閾值產生器1830將電壓信號1826轉換為電流信號。例如，轉換後的電流信號由電流鏡處理，該電流鏡產生動態電流信號1832。動態電流信號1832用Iocp_PWN表示。在另一示例中，電流信號1832由動態電阻器1834接收，動態電阻器1834由R2表示。在一個實施例中，動態電阻器1834包括線性電阻器1836以及電晶體1838和1839。例如，電晶體1838和1839提供與溫度有關的電阻補償。In yet another embodiment, dynamic threshold generator 1830 converts voltage signal 1826 into a current signal. For example, the converted current signal is processed by a current mirror that produces a dynamic current signal 1832. Dynamic current signal 1832 is represented by Iocp_PWN. In another example, current signal 1832 is received by dynamic resistor 1834 and dynamic resistor 1834 is represented by R2. In one embodiment, dynamic resistor 1834 includes linear resistor 1836 and transistors 1838 and 1839. For example, transistors 1838 and 1839 provide temperature dependent resistance compensation.

在另一實施例中，動態電阻器1834將電流信號1832轉換為電壓信號1835。電壓信號1835用OCP_ref表示。例如，如果Vth_oc在大小上小於電壓信號564，則電壓信號1835將被動態閾值產生器1830調得較低。在另一示例中，如果Vth_oc在大小上大於電壓信號564，則電壓信號1835將被動態閾值產生器1830調得較高。In another embodiment, dynamic resistor 1834 converts current signal 1832 to voltage signal 1835. Voltage signal 1835 is represented by OCP_ref. For example, if Vth_oc is smaller in magnitude than voltage signal 564, voltage signal 1835 will be adjusted lower by dynamic threshold generator 1830. In another example, if Vth_oc is greater in magnitude than voltage signal 564, voltage signal 1835 will be adjusted higher by dynamic threshold generator 1830.

如圖20所示，電壓信號1835由過流保護(OCP)比較器1840接收。OCP比較器1840還接收來自端子566(即，端子CS)的信號564。例如，OCP比較器1840將OCP_ref與信號564相比較，並且產生信號574。在另一示例中，信號574由元件538接收，以調整初級繞組502的峰值電流。As shown in FIG. 20, voltage signal 1835 is received by an overcurrent protection (OCP) comparator 1840. OCP comparator 1840 also receives signal 564 from terminal 566 (ie, terminal CS). For example, OCP comparator 1840 compares OCP_ref with signal 564 and produces signal 574. In another example, signal 574 is received by element 538 to adjust the peak current of primary winding 502.

如上所述，信號564例如由高速比較器1810與Vth_OC相比較，並且由OCP比較器1840與OCP_ref相比較。在一個實施例中，高速比較器1810、電荷泵1820、動態閾值產生器1830、OCP比較器1840以及其它元件形成了具有高增益的環路。在另一實施例中，即使線電壓的改變導致信號564的斜率的改變，初級繞組502的峰值電流也被維持在恒定位準。在又一實施例中，即使PWM/PFM信號的傳播延遲改變，初級繞組502的峰值電流也被維持在恒定位準。As noted above, signal 564 is compared, for example, by high speed comparator 1810 to Vth_OC and compared by OCP comparator 1840 with OCP_ref. In one embodiment, high speed comparator 1810, charge pump 1820, dynamic threshold generator 1830, OCP comparator 1840, and other components form a loop with high gain. In another embodiment, even if the change in line voltage results in a change in the slope of signal 564, the peak current of primary winding 502 is maintained at a constant level. In yet another embodiment, even if the propagation delay of the PWM/PFM signal changes, the peak current of the primary winding 502 is maintained at a constant level.

根據又一實施例，如圖20所示，比較信號1812被用來控制電荷泵1820，以調節由OCP_ref表示的電壓信號1835。例如，電壓信號1835用作OCP比較器1840的閾值電壓。結果，根據本發明某些實施例，初級繞組502的峰值電流被內部環調整為使得峰值電流等於，而不管線電壓的大小如何。因此，基於等式25，恒定的輸出電流例如為如下。According to yet another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, a comparison signal 1812 is used to control the charge pump 1820 to regulate the voltage signal 1835 represented by OCP_ref. For example, voltage signal 1835 is used as the threshold voltage for OCP comparator 1840. As a result, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the peak current of the primary winding 502 is adjusted by the inner loop such that the peak current is equal to , not the size of the pipeline voltage. Therefore, based on Equation 25, the constant output current is, for example, as follows.

在另一示例中，通過調整由V_INV 表示的輸出信號514來控制輸出電壓Vo。因此，根據本發明一些實施例，可以分別在CV模式和CC模式中獲得恒定電壓Vo和恒定電流Io。例如，CC模式可應用於為電池充電直到電池的電壓達到預定大小為止。In another example, the output voltage Vo is controlled by adjusting the output signal 514 represented by V _INV . Therefore, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the constant voltage Vo and the constant current Io can be obtained in the CV mode and the CC mode, respectively. For example, the CC mode can be applied to charge the battery until the voltage of the battery reaches a predetermined size.

根據另一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖7所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如元件520所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和於採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號。另外，該系統包括採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號。此外，該系統包括誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)，配置以至少接收第三輸出信號和第一閾值電壓並且通過電容器至少產生第四輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該系統包括補償元件(例如，如負載補償的元件532所示)，配置以至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少產生補償信號。輸入信號是補償信號與第一感測信號的組合。第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與該電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓相關聯。另外，該系統包括用於至少調整輸出電流的第一控制器(例如，如元件542所示)。例如，第一控制器被配置為至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該系統包括用於至少調整輸出電壓的第二控制器(例如，如元件534所示)。例如，第二控制器被配置為至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少基於與第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第二控制信號(例如，如信號558所示)和第三控制信號(例如，如信號536所示)。此外，該系統包括振盪器(例如，如振盪器562所示)，配置以至少接收第一控制信號和第二控制信號並且至少產生時鐘信號，以及第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)，配置以至少接收時鐘信號、第三控制信號和第四控制信號並且至少產生調節信號。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，該開關配置以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。此外，該系統包括第三控制器(例如，如元件540所示)，用於至少調整峰值電流。例如，第三控制器配置以接收第三控制信號、第二感測信號和第二閾值電壓，並且將第四控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器。在另一示例中，第二感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。In accordance with another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 7) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by element 520) configured to receive at least an input signal and generate at least Demagnetizing the associated first output signal and the sampling associated second output signal. Additionally, the system includes a sampling component (e.g., as shown by component 522) configured to receive at least an input signal and a second output signal, to sample the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and to generate at least one Or a plurality of third output signals associated with the sampled size. Moreover, the system includes an error amplifier (e.g., as shown by error amplifier 524) configured to receive at least a third output signal and a first threshold voltage and to generate at least a fourth output signal through the capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a compensation component (eg, as shown by load-compensated component 532) configured to receive at least a fourth output signal and at least generate a compensation signal. The input signal is a combination of the compensation signal and the first sensed signal. A first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and a secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a first controller (e.g., as shown by element 542) for adjusting at least the output current. For example, the first controller is configured to receive at least the first output signal and the third output signal and to generate at least the first control signal based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the third output signal. Additionally, the system includes a second controller (e.g., as shown by element 534) for adjusting at least the output voltage. For example, the second controller is configured to receive at least a fourth output signal and to generate at least a second control signal (eg, as indicated by signal 558) and a third control signal based on at least information associated with the fourth output signal (eg, , as shown by signal 536). Additionally, the system includes an oscillator (eg, as shown by oscillator 562) configured to receive at least a first control And generating at least a clock signal, and a second signal generator (e.g., as shown by element 538) configured to receive at least a clock signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal and at least generate an adjustment signal . Additionally, the system includes a gate driver (e.g., as shown by element 546) configured to receive at least an adjustment signal and at least output a drive signal to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the secondary winding. Additionally, the system includes a third controller (e.g., as shown by element 540) for adjusting at least the peak current. For example, the third controller is configured to receive the third control signal, the second sense signal, and the second threshold voltage, and output the fourth control signal to the second signal generator. In another example, the second sensed signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter.

例如，該系統還包括前向饋送元件(例如，如元件568所示)，配置以從誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)接收第五輸出信號，並且將第六輸出信號輸出給第二控制器(例如，如元件534所示)。在另一示例中，該系統配置以在第四輸出信號在大小上大於預定值時將輸出電流調整為恒定電流位準，並且在第四輸出信號在大小上小於該預定值時，將輸出電壓調整為恒定電壓位準。在又一示例中，採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)配置以在退磁時段結束是或者接近退磁時段結束時對收入信號執行至少一次採樣處理，產生第一經採樣大小，並且保持該第一經採樣大小直到產生第二經採樣大小為止，第一經採樣大小和第二經採樣大小是一個或多個經採樣大小中的兩個。在又一示例中，第一信號產生器(例如，如元件520所示並且如圖7和圖10所示)還配置以結束第三輸出信號，至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊確定第三閾值電壓，將第三閾值電壓與收入信號在大小上進行比較，並且至少基於與第三閾值電壓和收入信號相關聯的資訊產生第一輸出信號。For example, the system also includes a forward feed element (eg, as shown by element 568) configured to receive a fifth output signal from an error amplifier (eg, as shown by error amplifier 524) and output the sixth output signal to The second controller (e.g., as shown by element 534). In another example, the system is configured to adjust the output current to a constant current level when the fourth output signal is greater than a predetermined value in magnitude, and to output the voltage when the fourth output signal is less than the predetermined value in magnitude Adjust to a constant voltage level. In yet another example, the sampling element (eg, as shown by element 522) is configured to perform at least one sampling process on the revenue signal at or near the end of the demagnetization period, generating a first sampled size, and maintaining the first Once the sample size is reached until a second sampled size is produced, the first sampled size and the second sampled size are two of the one or more sampled sizes. In yet another example, the first signal generator (eg, as shown by element 520 and as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10) is further configured to end the third output signal, based at least on information associated with the third output signal. A third threshold voltage, the third threshold voltage is compared in magnitude to the revenue signal, and the first output signal is generated based on at least information associated with the third threshold voltage and the revenue signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖7和圖9所示)包括採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號，採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該系統包括誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)，配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且通過用於環路穩定補償的電路來產生第二輸出信號，並且產生第三輸出信號。例如，用於環路穩定補償的電路時電容器(例如，如電容器526所示)，並且該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該系統包括前向饋送元件(例如，如元件568所示)，配置以接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；以及控制器(例如，如元件534所示)，用於至少調整輸出電壓。例如，控制器配置以至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該系統包括信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)，配置以至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，該開關配置以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in Figures 7 and 9) includes a sampling element (e.g., as shown by element 522) configured to receive at least an input signal, sample an input signal And generating at least a first output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes. For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes an error amplifier (e.g., as shown by error amplifier 524) configured to receive at least a first output signal and a threshold voltage and through circuitry for loop stabilization compensation. A second output signal is generated and a third output signal is generated. For example, a circuit for loop stabilization compensation is a capacitor (e.g., as shown by capacitor 526) and the capacitor is coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a forward feed element (eg, as shown by element 568) configured to receive a third output signal and to generate a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; and a controller (eg, , as shown by element 534), for adjusting at least the output voltage. For example, the controller is configured to receive at least the second output signal and the fourth output signal and generate at least a first control signal. Moreover, the system includes a signal generator (eg, as shown by element 538) configured to receive at least a first control signal and to generate at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; and a gate driver (eg, As shown by element 546, it is configured to receive at least an adjustment signal and at least output a drive signal to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the secondary winding.

例如，該控制器(例如，如元件534所示)還配置以在第二輸出信號在大小上小於預定值時將輸出電壓調整為恒定電壓位準。在另一示例中，該系統還包括補償元件(例如，如負載補償的元件532所示)，配置以至少接收第二輸出信號並且至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生補償信號。例如，輸入信號時補償信號與感測信號的組合，並且感測信號至少與耦合到次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯。For example, the controller (e.g., as shown by element 534) is further configured to adjust the output voltage to a constant voltage level when the second output signal is less than a predetermined value in magnitude. In another example, the system further includes a compensation component (eg, as shown by load-compensated component 532) configured to receive at least the second output signal and generate a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal. For example, the input signal is a combination of a compensation signal and a sensed signal, and the sensed signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to the secondary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統例如由圖7、圖14(a)和圖14(b)或者由圖7、圖15(a)和圖15(b)所示。該系統包括採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號，採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號；以及誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)，配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，並且產生第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。另外，該系統包括前向饋送元件(例如，如元件568所示)，配置以接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；以及控制器(例如，如元件534所示)，配置以至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少產生控制信號。此外，該系統包括補償元件(例如，如負載補償的元件532所示)，配置以至少接收第二輸出信號並且至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生補償信號，輸入信號是補償信號與另一信號的組合。According to yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter is shown, for example, by Figures 7, 14(a) and 14(b) or by Figures 7, 15(a) and 15(b). The system includes a sampling element (eg, as shown by element 522) configured to receive at least an input signal, sample the input signal, and generate at least a first output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes; and an error amplifier (eg, As shown by error amplifier 524, configured to receive at least a first output signal and a threshold voltage and to generate a second output signal through a capacitor, and to generate a third output signal, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a forward feed element (eg, as shown by element 568) configured to receive a third output signal and to generate a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; and a controller (eg, As shown by element 534, configured to receive at least a second output signal and a fourth output signal and to generate at least a control signal. Additionally, the system includes a compensating element (eg, as shown by load compensating element 532) configured to receive at least a second output signal and based at least on the second input The information associated with the signal is used to generate at least a compensation signal, which is a combination of the compensation signal and another signal.

例如，第二輸出信號時電壓信號，並且補償信號時電流信號。在另一示例者，該系統還包括信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)，配置以至少接收控制信號，並且至少基於與控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)，配置以至少接收調節信號，並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關，該開關配置以影響流經電源變換器的初級繞組的電流。For example, the second output signal is a voltage signal, and the signal is a current signal. In another example, the system further includes a signal generator (eg, as shown by element 538) configured to receive at least the control signal and to generate at least the adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the control signal; and a gate driver ( For example, as shown by element 546, is configured to receive at least an adjustment signal and at least output a drive signal to the switch that is configured to affect the current flowing through the primary winding of the power converter.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖7和圖17所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如元件520所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和與採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該系統包括採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號。此外，該系統包括第一控制器(例如，如元件542所示)，用於至少調整輸出電流，該第一控制器配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該系統包括振盪器(例如，如振盪器562所示)，被配置為至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號；以及第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)，配置以至少接收時鐘信號和第二控制信號，並且至少基於與時鐘信號和第二控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，開關配置以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。此外，該系統包括用於至少調整峰值電流的第三控制器(例如，如元件540所示)，配置以至少接收感測信號和閾值電壓，並且將第二控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)。例如，感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。調節信號對應於開關頻率，並且第一輸出信號對應於退磁脈衝寬度。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in Figures 7 and 17) includes a first signal generator (e.g., as shown by element 520) configured to receive at least an input signal and At least a first output signal associated with demagnetization and a second output signal associated with the sampling are generated. For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a sampling component (e.g., as shown by component 522) configured to receive at least an input signal and a second output signal, to sample the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and to generate at least one Or a plurality of third output signals associated with the sampled size. Additionally, the system includes a first controller (eg, as shown by element 542) for adjusting at least an output current, the first controller configured to receive at least a first output signal and a third output signal, and based at least on Information associated with an output signal and a third output signal to generate at least a first control signal. Moreover, the system includes an oscillator (eg, as shown by oscillator 562) configured to receive at least a first control signal and to generate at least a clock signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; and a second signal generation The device (e.g., as shown by element 538) is configured to receive at least a clock signal and a second control signal and to generate at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the clock signal and the second control signal. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver (e.g., as shown by element 546) configured to receive at least an adjustment signal and at least output a drive signal to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the secondary winding. Additionally, the system includes a third controller (eg, as shown by element 540) for adjusting at least the peak current, configured to receive at least the sensed signal and the threshold voltage, and output the second control signal to the second signal generator (For example, as shown by element 538). For example, feeling The measured signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. The adjustment signal corresponds to a switching frequency and the first output signal corresponds to a demagnetization pulse width.

例如，開關頻率與退磁脈衝寬度成反比，開關週期與退磁脈衝寬度成正比，並且輸出電流與峰值電流成比例。在另一示例中，峰值電流是恒定的，並且輸出電流是恒定的。在另一示例中，在申請專利範圍第12項的系統(例如，如圖7和圖17所示)中，第一控制器(例如，如元件542所示)包括電壓到電流轉換器(例如，如電壓到電流轉換器1510所示)，配置以結束第三輸出信號並且聲稱第二電流；鎖相環(例如，如鎖相環1530所示)，配置以至少接收第一輸出信號和時鐘信號並且產生第三電流；以及確定元件(例如，如元件1520所示)，配置以接收第二電流和第三電流，確定第二電流和第三電流在大小上的差異，並且至少基於與第二電流和第三電流相關聯的資訊產生第一控制信號。For example, the switching frequency is inversely proportional to the demagnetization pulse width, the switching period is proportional to the demagnetization pulse width, and the output current is proportional to the peak current. In another example, the peak current is constant and the output current is constant. In another example, in the system of claim 12 (eg, as shown in Figures 7 and 17), the first controller (e.g., as shown by element 542) includes a voltage to current converter (e.g., As shown in voltage to current converter 1510, configured to end the third output signal and claim a second current; a phase locked loop (eg, as shown by phase locked loop 1530) configured to receive at least a first output signal and a clock And generating a third current; and determining a component (eg, as shown by component 1520) configured to receive the second current and the third current, determining a difference in magnitude between the second current and the third current, and based at least on The information associated with the second current and the third current produces a first control signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖7和圖20所示)包括用於至少調整峰值電流的控制器(例如，如元件540所示)。例如，控制器配置以至少接收感測信號和第一閾值信號並且至少產生第一控制信號，並且感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)，配置以至少接收第一控制信號並且至少產生調節信號；以及閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)，配置以至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關。例如，該開關配置以影響第一電流。在另一示例中，該控制器(例如，如元件540所示)包括第一比較器(例如，如高速比較器1810所示)，配置以接收感測信號和第一閾值電壓，並且至少基於與感測信號和第一閾值電壓相關聯的資訊產生比較信號；以及電荷泵(例如，如電荷泵1820所示)，配置以接收比較信號並且至少基於與比較信號相關聯的資訊來產生第二控制信號。另外，該控制器(例如，如元件540所示)包括閾值產生器(例如，如動態閾值產生器1830所示)，配置以接收第二控制信號並且至少基於與第二控制信號相關聯的資訊產生第二閾值電壓；以及第二比較器(例如，如OCP比較器1840所示)，配置以接收第二閾值電壓和感測信號，並且至少基於與第二閾值電壓和感測信號相關聯的資訊產生第一控制信號。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in Figures 7 and 20) includes a controller for adjusting at least a peak current (e.g., as shown by element 540). For example, the controller is configured to receive at least the sensed signal and the first threshold signal and to generate at least a first control signal, and the sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a signal generator (e.g., as shown by element 538) configured to receive at least a first control signal and at least generate an adjustment signal; and a gate driver (e.g., as shown by element 546) configured to receive at least an adjustment The signal and at least the drive signal is output to the switch. For example, the switch is configured to affect the first current. In another example, the controller (eg, as shown by element 540) includes a first comparator (eg, as shown by high speed comparator 1810) configured to receive the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage and is based at least on Information associated with the sense signal and the first threshold voltage produces a comparison signal; and a charge pump (eg, as shown by charge pump 1820) configured to receive the comparison signal and generate a second based on at least information associated with the comparison signal control signal. Additionally, the controller (eg, as shown by element 540) includes a threshold generator (eg, as shown by dynamic threshold generator 1830) configured to receive the second control signal and based at least on information associated with the second control signal Generating a second threshold voltage; and a second comparator (eg, as shown by OCP comparator 1840) configured to receive the second threshold voltage and the sensed signal and based at least on the second threshold voltage and the sensed signal The information generates a first control signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖7實現的)包括由第一信號產生器(例如，如元件520所示)至少接收輸入信號並且至少基於與輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和與採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括通過採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)來至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號；通過誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)來至少接收第三輸出信號和第一閾值電壓並且通過電容器至少產生第四輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該方法包括通過補償元件(例如，如負載補償的元件532所示)來至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少基於與第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生補償信號。例如，輸入信號是補償信號與第一感測信號的組合。在另一示例中，第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與該電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓相關聯。另外，該方法包括通過用於至少調整輸出電流的第一控制器(例如，如元件542所示)來至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；通過用於至少調整輸出電壓的第二控制器(例如，如元件534所示)來至少接收第四輸出信號並且至少基於與第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第二控制信號(例如，如信號558所示)和第三控制信號(例如，如信號536所示)。此外，該方法包括通過振盪器(例如，如振盪器562所示)來至少接收第一控制信號和第二控制信號並且通過該振盪器(例如，如振盪器562所示)至少產生時鐘信號；通過第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)來至少接收時鐘信號、第三控制信號和第四控制信號並且通過該第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)至少產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括通過閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流；通過用於至少調整峰值電流的第三控制器(例如，如元件540所示)來接收第三控制信號、第二感測信號和第二閾值電壓，並且將第四控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器。例如，第二感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 7) includes receiving at least an input signal by a first signal generator (eg, as indicated by element 520) and based at least on an input signal The associated information is to generate at least a first output signal associated with the demagnetization and a second output signal associated with the sample. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least an input signal and a second output signal by a sampling element (eg, as shown by element 522), sampling the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and generating at least one or a plurality of third output signals associated with the sampled size; receiving at least a third output signal and a first threshold voltage by an error amplifier (eg, as shown by error amplifier 524) and generating at least a fourth output signal through the capacitor, the capacitor Is coupled to the error amplifier. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a fourth output signal by a compensation component (eg, as shown by load-compensated component 532) and generating at least a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the fourth output signal. For example, the input signal is a combination of a compensation signal and a first sensed signal. In another example, the first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least a first output signal and a third output signal by a first controller (eg, as shown by element 542) for adjusting at least an output current, and based at least on the first output signal and the third Outputting information associated with the signal to generate at least a first control signal; receiving at least a fourth output signal by at least a second controller (eg, as indicated by element 534) for adjusting the output voltage and based at least on the fourth output signal The associated information is to generate at least a second control signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 558) and a third control signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 536). Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a first control signal and a second control signal by an oscillator (eg, as shown by oscillator 562) and generating at least a clock signal by the oscillator (eg, as shown by oscillator 562); At least a clock signal, a third control signal, and a fourth control signal are received by a second signal generator (e.g., as indicated by element 538) and at least an adjustment is generated by the second signal generator (e.g., as indicated by element 538) signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least an adjustment signal through a gate driver (eg, as indicated by element 546) and outputting at least the drive signal to the switch to affect a first current flowing through the primary winding coupled to the secondary winding; A third controller that adjusts at least the peak current (eg, as indicated by element 540) to receive the third control signal, the second sense signal, and the second threshold voltage, and output the fourth control signal to Second signal generator. For example, the second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter.

在另一示例中，該方法還包括通過前向饋送元件(例如，如元件568所示)來接收來自誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)的第五輸出信號，並且至少基於與第五輸出信號相關聯的資訊來向第二控制器(例如，如元件534所示)輸出第六輸出信號。在又一示例中，該方法還包括在第四輸出信號在大小上大於預定值時將輸出電流調整為恒定電流位準，並且在第四輸出信號在大小上小於預定值時將輸出電壓調整為恒定電壓位準。在又一示例中，用於採樣輸入信號的處理包括在第一退磁時段結束時或者在接近第一退磁時段結束時採樣輸入信號，產生與第一退磁時段相對應的第一經採樣大小，在或者接近第二退磁時段結束時採樣輸入信號，並且產生與第二退磁時段相關聯的第二經採樣大小。第一經採樣大小和第二經採樣大小是一個或多個經採樣大小中的兩個。在又一示例中，用於至少產生第三輸出信號的處理包括保持第一經採樣大小直到第二經採樣大小被產生為止。在又一示例中，在該方法(例如，如圖7和圖10實現的)中，用於至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和於採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號的處理包括接收第三輸出信號，至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊確定第三閾值電壓，將第三閾值電壓與輸入信號在大小上進行比較，並且至少基於與第三閾值電壓和輸入信號相關聯的資訊產生第一輸出信號。In another example, the method further includes receiving, by the forward feed element (eg, as indicated by element 568), a fifth output signal from an error amplifier (eg, as shown by error amplifier 524), and based at least on The five output signal associated information outputs a sixth output signal to a second controller (e.g., as indicated by element 534). In yet another example, the method further includes adjusting the output current to a constant current level when the fourth output signal is greater than a predetermined value in magnitude, and adjusting the output voltage to be when the fourth output signal is less than a predetermined value in magnitude Constant voltage level. In yet another example, the processing for sampling the input signal includes sampling the input signal at the end of the first demagnetization period or near the end of the first demagnetization period, generating a first sampled size corresponding to the first demagnetization period, Or sampling the input signal near the end of the second demagnetization period and generating a second sampled size associated with the second demagnetization period. The first sampled size and the second sampled size are two of one or more sampled sizes. In yet another example, the processing for generating at least the third output signal includes maintaining the first sampled size until the second sampled size is generated. In yet another example, in the method (eg, as implemented in Figures 7 and 10), the processing for generating at least a first output signal associated with demagnetization and a second output signal associated with sampling comprises receiving a third output signal determining a third threshold voltage based on at least information associated with the third output signal, comparing the third threshold voltage to an input signal, and based at least on the third threshold voltage and the input signal The information produces a first output signal.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖7和9所示)包括通過採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)來至少接收輸入信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該方法包括通過採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)對輸入信號採樣，至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號；通過誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)來至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。此外，該方法包括通過誤差放大器產生第三輸出信號；通過前向饋送元件來接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；通過用於至少調整輸出電壓的控制器(例如，如元件534所示)來至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少基於與第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號。此外，該方法包括通過信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)來至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；通過閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關來影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in Figures 7 and 9) includes receiving at least an input signal by a sampling element (e.g., as shown by element 522). For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes sampling the input signal by a sampling element (eg, as indicated by element 522), generating at least a first output signal associated with one or more sampled sizes; passing an error amplifier (eg, as error amplifier 524) Shown) receiving at least a first output signal and a threshold voltage and generating a second output signal through a capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Moreover, the method includes generating a third output signal by an error amplifier; receiving a third output signal by the forward feed element, and generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal Receiving at least a second output signal and a fourth output signal by a controller for adjusting at least the output voltage (eg, as indicated by element 534) and based at least on the second output signal and the fourth output signal Information to generate at least a first control signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a first control signal by a signal generator (eg, as indicated by element 538) and generating at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; through a gate driver (eg, eg Element 546 is shown to receive at least the adjustment signal and at least output the drive signal to the switch to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding coupled to the secondary winding.

例如，該方法還包括如果第二輸出信號在大小上小於預定值則將輸出電壓調整為恒定電壓位準。在另一示例中，該方法包括通過補償元件(例如，如負載補償的元件532所示)來至少接收第二輸出信號，並且至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生補償信號。輸入信號時補償信號與感測信號的組合，並且感測信號至少與耦合到次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯。For example, the method also includes adjusting the output voltage to a constant voltage level if the second output signal is less than a predetermined value in magnitude. In another example, the method includes receiving at least a second output signal by a compensation component (eg, as shown by load-compensated component 532) and generating a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal. The input signal is a combination of a compensation signal and a sensed signal, and the sensed signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to the secondary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法例如由圖7、圖14(a)和圖14(b)或者由圖7、圖15(a)和圖15(b)所示。該方法包括通過採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)來至少接收輸入信號，由該採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第一輸出信號。另外，該方法包括通過誤差放大器(例如，如誤差放大器524所示)來至少接收第一輸出信號和閾值電壓並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和閾值電壓相關聯的資訊來通過電容器產生第二輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和閾值電壓相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該誤差放大器。另外，該方法包括通過前向饋送元件(例如，如元件568所示)來接收第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；通過控制器(例如，如元件534所示)來至少接收第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號，並且至少基於與第二輸出信號和第四輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生控制信號。此外，該方法包括通過補償元件(例如，如負載補償的元件532所示)來至少接收第二輸出信號並且至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生補償信號，輸入信號是補償信號與另一信號的組合。According to yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter is shown, for example, by Figures 7, 14(a) and 14(b) or by Figures 7, 15(a) and 15(b). The method includes receiving at least an input signal by a sampling element (e.g., as shown by element 522), sampling the input signal by the sampling element (e.g., as indicated by element 522), and generating at least one or more sampled sizes. The first output signal of the joint. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least a first output signal and a threshold voltage by an error amplifier (eg, as shown by error amplifier 524) and generating a second output through the capacitor based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the threshold voltage And generating a third output signal based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the threshold voltage, the capacitor being coupled to the error amplifier. Additionally, the method includes receiving a third output signal by a forward feed element (eg, as indicated by element 568) and generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal; by a controller (eg, The second output signal and the fourth output signal are received at least as indicated by element 534, and at least the control signal is generated based on at least information associated with the second output signal and the fourth output signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a second output signal by a compensation component (eg, as shown by load-compensated component 532) and generating at least a compensation signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, the input signal being a compensation signal A combination with another signal.

例如，第二輸出信號時電壓信號，並且補償信號是電流信號。在另一示例中，該方法還包括通過信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)至少接收控制信號，至少基於與控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號，通過閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)來至少接收調節信號，並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響流經電源變換器的初級繞組的電流。For example, the second output signal is a voltage signal and the compensation signal is a current signal. In another example, the method further includes at least receiving by the signal generator (e.g., as indicated by element 538) Receiving a control signal to generate at least an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the control signal, receiving at least an adjustment signal through a gate driver (eg, as indicated by element 546), and outputting at least the drive signal to the switch to affect flow through the power source The current of the primary winding of the converter.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖7和圖17實現的)包括通過第一信號產生器(例如，如元件520所示)來至少接收輸入信號。例如，輸入信號至少與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且次級繞組與電源變換器的輸出電流和輸出電壓有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號和與採樣相關聯的第二輸出信號；通過採樣元件(例如，如元件522所示)來至少接收輸入信號和第二輸出信號，至少基於與第二輸出信號相關聯的資訊來採樣輸入信號，並且至少產生與一個或多個經採樣大小相關聯的第三輸出信號。此外，該方法包括通過用於至少調整輸出電流的第一控制器(例如，如元件542所示)來至少接收第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；通過振盪器(例如，如振盪器562所示)來至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號。此外，該方法包括通過第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)來至少接收時鐘信號和第二控制信號，並且至少基於與時鐘信號和第二控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；通過閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響流經耦合到次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流。此外，該方法包括通過用於至少調整峰值電流的第三控制器(例如，如元件540所示)來至少接收感測信號和閾值電壓，並且將第二控制信號輸出給第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)。感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯，調節信號對應於開關頻率，並且第一輸出信號對應於退磁脈衝寬度。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in Figures 7 and 17) includes receiving at least an input signal by a first signal generator (e.g., as shown by element 520). For example, the input signal is associated with at least a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with an output current and an output voltage of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating at least a first output signal associated with demagnetization and a second output signal associated with the sample based at least on information associated with the input signal; by sampling elements (eg, as indicated by element 522) At least receiving the input signal and the second output signal, sampling the input signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal, and generating at least a third output signal associated with the one or more sampled sizes. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a first output signal and a third output signal by a first controller (eg, as shown by element 542) for adjusting at least an output current, and based at least on the first output signal and the third Outputting information associated with the signal to generate at least a first control signal; receiving at least a first control signal by an oscillator (eg, as shown by oscillator 562) and generating at least a clock based on at least information associated with the first control signal signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least a clock signal and a second control signal by a second signal generator (eg, as indicated by element 538) and generating at least an adjustment based on at least information associated with the clock signal and the second control signal The signal is received by the gate driver (eg, as indicated by element 546) and at least the drive signal is output to the switch to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding coupled to the secondary winding. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least the sensed signal and the threshold voltage by a third controller (eg, as shown by element 540) for adjusting at least the peak current, and outputting the second control signal to the second signal generator ( For example, as shown by element 538). The sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter, the adjustment signal corresponds to a switching frequency, and the first output signal corresponds to a demagnetization pulse width.

例如，開關頻率與退磁脈衝寬度成反比，並且輸出電流與峰值電流成正比。在另一示例中，峰值電流是恒定的，並且輸出電流是恒定的。For example, the switching frequency is inversely proportional to the demagnetization pulse width and the output current is proportional to the peak current. In another example, the peak current is constant and the output current is constant.

在又一示例中，例如由圖7和圖17所示，用於至少產生第一控制信號的處理包括通過電壓到電流轉換器(例如，如電壓到電流轉換器1510 所示)來接收第三輸出信號，至少基於與第三輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第二電流，通過鎖相環(例如，如鎖相環1530所示)來至少接收第一輸出信號和時鐘信號，並且至少基於與第一輸出信號和時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生第三電流。另外，用於至少產生第一控制信號的處理包括通過確定元件(例如，如元件1520所示)來接收第二電流和第三電流，並且至少基於與第二電流和第三電流相關聯的資訊產生第一控制信號，該確定元件配置以確定第二電流和第三電流在大小上的差異。In yet another example, the processing for generating at least the first control signal includes passing a voltage to current converter (eg, such as a voltage to current converter 1510, as shown, for example, by FIGS. 7 and 17). Illustrating) receiving a third output signal, generating a second current based on at least information associated with the third output signal, receiving at least a first output signal and a clock through a phase locked loop (eg, as shown by phase locked loop 1530) And generating a third current based on at least information associated with the first output signal and the clock signal. Additionally, the processing for generating at least the first control signal includes receiving the second current and the third current by determining an element (eg, as indicated by element 1520) and based at least on information associated with the second current and the third current A first control signal is generated, the determining component configured to determine a difference in magnitude between the second current and the third current.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖7和圖20所示)包括通過用於至少調整峰值電流的控制器(例如，如元件540所示)來至少接收感測信號和第一閾值信號。例如，感測信號與流經電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。另外，該方法包括至少基於與感測信號和第一閾值電壓相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；通過信號產生器(例如，如元件538所示)來至少接收第一控制信號並且至少基於與第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號；通過閘驅動器(例如，如元件546所示)來至少接收調節信號並且至少將驅動信號輸出給開關以影響第一電流。用於至少產生第一控制信號的處理包括通過第一比較器(例如，如高速比較器1810所示)來接收感測信號和第一閾值電壓，並且至少基於與感測信號和第一閾值電壓相關聯的資訊產生比較信號；通過電荷泵(例如，如電荷泵1820所示)來接收比較信號並且至少基於與比較信號相關聯的資訊來產生第二控制信號；通過閾值產生器(例如，如動態閾值產生器1830所示)來接收第二控制信號並且至少基於與第二控制信號相關聯的資訊產生第二閾值電壓；通過第二比較器(例如，如OCP比較器1840所示)來接收第二閾值電壓和感測信號，並且至少基於與第二閾值電壓和感測信號相關聯的資訊產生第一控制信號。According to yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in Figures 7 and 20) includes receiving at least a controller (e.g., as shown by element 540) for adjusting at least a peak current. Sensing the signal and the first threshold signal. For example, the sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating at least a first control signal based on at least information associated with the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage; receiving at least the first control signal by the signal generator (eg, as indicated by element 538) and at least At least an adjustment signal is generated based on information associated with the first control signal; at least the adjustment signal is received by the gate driver (eg, as indicated by element 546) and at least the drive signal is output to the switch to affect the first current. The process for generating at least the first control signal includes receiving the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage by a first comparator (eg, as shown by high speed comparator 1810), and based at least on the sensed signal and the first threshold voltage The associated information produces a comparison signal; the comparison signal is received by a charge pump (eg, as shown by charge pump 1820) and the second control signal is generated based at least on information associated with the comparison signal; by a threshold generator (eg, eg Dynamic threshold generator 1830 is shown to receive the second control signal and generate a second threshold voltage based on at least information associated with the second control signal; receive by a second comparator (eg, as shown by OCP comparator 1840) A second threshold voltage and a sensed signal, and generating a first control signal based on at least information associated with the second threshold voltage and the sensed signal.

與傳統技術相比，通過本發明獲得了許多益處。本發明的某些實施例可以減少部分計數和/或降低系統成本。本發明的一些實施例可以提高可靠性和/或效率。本發明的某些實施例可以簡化開關模式返馳式電源變換器中的電路設計。本發明的一些實施例提供了初級側感測和調整方案。例如，初級側感測和調整方案可以改善負載調整。在另一示例中，初級側感測和調整方案可以補償初級繞組電感變化以便在採用初級側調整的返馳式變換器中獲得恒定的輸出電流。本發明的某些實施例可以在CC模式中提供不隨著初級繞組電感的改變而改變的恒定輸出電流。Many benefits are obtained by the present invention compared to conventional techniques. Certain embodiments of the present invention may reduce partial counting and/or reduce system cost. Some embodiments of the invention may improve reliability and/or efficiency. Certain embodiments of the present invention may simplify circuit design in a switch mode flyback power converter. Some embodiments of the present invention provide a primary side sensing and adjustment scheme. For example, primary side sensing and adjustment schemes can improve load adjustment. In another example, the primary side sensing and adjustment scheme can compensate for the primary winding inductance variation for the flyback variant with primary side adjustment A constant output current is obtained in the converter. Certain embodiments of the present invention may provide a constant output current that does not change with changes in primary winding inductance in CC mode.

參考等式8，如果N為常數，為了使I_o 保持恒定，也應當使保持恒定。由於R_s 是常數，因此至少存在如下方法來使保持恒定： (a使V_{cs_pk} 保持恒定並且使保持恒定； (b)使保持恒定並且使保持恒定；或者 (c)使保持恒定並且使T_s 保持恒定；本發明的某些實施例使用上面的方法(a)、(b)或(c)來實現定流(CC)模式，其中，輸出電流被維持在恒定位準，而不管初級繞組、次級繞組和輔助繞組的電感水準和輸出電壓如何。Referring to Equation 8, if N is a constant, in order to keep I _o constant, it should also be made keep constant. Since R _s is a constant, at least the following methods exist to make Keep constant: (a keep V _{cs_pk} constant and make Keep constant; (b) make Keep constant and make Keep constant; or (c) make Keep constant and keep T _s constant; some embodiments of the invention use the above method (a), (b) or (c) to implement a constant current (CC) mode in which the output current is maintained at a constant level Regardless of the inductance level and output voltage of the primary winding, secondary winding and auxiliary winding.

圖21是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。21 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

電源變換系統2100包括初級繞組2110、次級繞組2112、輔助繞組2114、電阻器2120、2122和2124、開關2130、退磁檢測元件2150、電流源2160、電流槽2162、開關2164和2166、NOT(非)閘2170、電容器2172、比較器2180和2182、觸發器元件2190、以及驅動元件2192。例如，退磁檢測元件2150，電流源2160、電流槽2162、開關2164和2166、NOT閘2170、電容器2172、比較器2180和2182、觸發器元件2190、以及驅動元件2192位於晶片2140上。在另一示例中，晶片2140至少包括端子2142、2144和2146。在又一示例中，系統2100是開關模式返馳式電源變換系統。The power conversion system 2100 includes a primary winding 2110, a secondary winding 2112, an auxiliary winding 2114, resistors 2120, 2122, and 2124, a switch 2130, a demagnetization detecting element 2150, a current source 2160, a current tank 2162, switches 2164 and 2166, and a NOT (non- Gate 2170, capacitor 2172, comparators 2180 and 2182, flip-flop element 2190, and drive element 2192. For example, demagnetization detecting element 2150, current source 2160, current sink 2162, switches 2164 and 2166, NOT gate 2170, capacitor 2172, comparators 2180 and 2182, flip-flop element 2190, and drive element 2192 are located on wafer 2140. In another example, wafer 2140 includes at least terminals 2142, 2144, and 2146. In yet another example, system 2100 is a switch mode flyback power conversion system.

如上面討論並且在此強調的，圖21僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，上升邊緣遮沒(leading-edge blanking)元件被***在端子2146與比較器2180之間，並且所***的上升邊緣遮沒元件接收來自端子2146的信號並且將信號2147輸出到比較器2180。As discussed above and emphasized herein, FIG. 21 is merely an example, which should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, a leading edge-edge blanking element is inserted between terminal 2146 and comparator 2180, and the inserted rising edge blanking element receives the signal from terminal 2146 and outputs signal 2147 to comparator 2180.

圖22是作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統2100一部分的退磁檢測元件2150的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。該退磁檢測元件2150包括比較器2210、觸發器元件2220和2222、NOT閘2230和2232、以及AND閘2240。22 is a simplified diagram of a demagnetization detecting element 2150 as part of a switched mode power conversion system 2100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. The demagnetization detecting element 2150 includes a comparator 2210, flip-flop elements 2220 and 2222, NOT gates 2230 and 2223, and an AND gate 2240.

圖23是根據本發明實施例包括如圖21和圖22所示的退磁檢測元件2150的開關模式電源變換系統2100的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。23 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 2100 including demagnetization detecting elements 2150 as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖23所示，波形2310表示作為時間的函數的回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )，波形2320表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號2151，並且波形2330表示作為時間的函數的斜坡信號2165(例如，V_ramp )。另外，波形2340表示作為時間的函數的控制信號2185，波形2350表示作為時間的函數的驅動信號2193，並且波形2360表示作為時間的函數的感測信號2147(例如，V_cs )。As shown in FIG. 23, waveform 2310 represents feedback signal 2143 (eg, V _FB ) as a function of time, waveform 2320 represents Demag signal 2151 as a function of time, and waveform 2330 represents ramp signal 2165 as a function of time (eg, , V _ramp ). Additionally, waveform 2340 represents control signal 2185 as a function of time, waveform 2350 represents drive signal 2193 as a function of time, and waveform 2360 represents sense signal 2147 (eg, V _cs ) as a function of time.

如圖21和23所示，當驅動信號2193(對應於波形2350)為邏輯高位準時，開關2130導通並且因此被閉合上。根據一個實施例，流經初級繞組2110的電流2111線性地傾斜上升，並且信號2147(例如V_cs )也線性地傾斜上升。例如，信號2147(例如V_cs )由比較器2180接收，比較器2180還接收閾值信號2181(例如V_thoc )。在另一示例中，比較器2180將信號2147(例如V_cs )與閾值信號2181(例如V_thoc )相比較，並且將比較信號2187輸出給觸發器元件2190。在一個實施例中，觸發器元件2190還接收來自比較器2182的控制信號2185，並且產生調節信號2191。在另一實施例中，調節信號2191由驅動器元件2192接收，作為響應，驅動器元件2192產生驅動信號2193。As shown in Figures 21 and 23, when drive signal 2193 (corresponding to waveform 2350) is at a logic high level, switch 2130 is turned "on" and thus closed. According to one embodiment, the current 2111 flowing through the primary winding 2110 ramps up linearly, and the signal 2147 (eg, V _cs ) also ramps up linearly. For example, signal 2147 (eg, V _cs ) is received by comparator 2180, which also receives threshold signal 2181 (eg, V _thoc ). In another example, comparator 2180 compares signal 2147 (eg, V _cs ) to threshold signal 2181 (eg, V _thoc ) and outputs comparison signal 2187 to flip-flop element 2190 . In one embodiment, the trigger element 2190 also receives a control signal 2185 from the comparator 2182 and produces an adjustment signal 2191. In another embodiment, the adjustment signal 2191 is received by the driver element 2192, and in response, the driver element 2192 generates a drive signal 2193.

如波形2350和2360所示的，如果信號2147(例如V_cs )在大小上達到閾值信號2181(例如V_thoc )，則驅動信號2193從邏輯高位準變為邏輯低位準，並且開關2130截止並且因此被斷開。例如，當開關2130截止時，所儲存的能量被遞送給電源變換系統2100的輸出，並且退磁處理開始。在另一示例中，在退磁處理期間，流經初級繞組2112的電流線性地傾斜下降。As shown by waveforms 2350 and 2360, if signal 2147 (eg, V _cs ) reaches threshold signal 2181 (eg, V _thoc ) in _magnitude , drive signal 2193 changes from a logic high level to a logic low level, and switch 2130 is turned off and thus Was disconnected. For example, when the switch 2130 is turned off, the stored energy is delivered to the output of the power conversion system 2100, and the demagnetization process begins. In another example, during the demagnetization process, the current flowing through the primary winding 2112 decreases linearly.

如圖21所示，輔助繞組2114的輸出電壓(例如，V_aux )反映了電源變換系統2100的輸出電壓(例如，V_o )，並且被電阻器2120和2122轉換為回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )。例如，回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )由作為退磁檢測元件2150一部分的比較器2210接收。在另一示例中，比較器2210將回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )與閾值信號2211(例如，0.1V)相比較。As shown in FIG. 21, the output voltage (eg, V _aux ) of the auxiliary winding 2114 reflects the output voltage (eg, V _o ) of the power conversion system 2100 and is converted by the resistors 2120 and 2122 into a feedback signal 2143 (eg, V). _FB ). For example, the feedback signal 2143 (eg, V _FB ) is received by the comparator 2210 that is part of the demagnetization detecting component 2150. In another example, comparator 2210 compares feedback signal 2143 (eg, V _FB ) to threshold signal 2211 (eg, 0.1V).

如波形2310和2320所示，當回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )上升到閾值信號2211(例如，0.1V)以上時，Demag 信號2151變為邏輯高位準，其指示退磁處理的開始。此外，當回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )下降到閾值信號2211(例如，0.1V)以下時，Demag 信號2151變為邏輯低位準，其指示退磁處理的結束。例如，當流經次級繞組2112的電流下降到幾乎為零時，退磁處理結束。在另一示例中，在退磁處理結束之後，電源變換系統2100進入諧振振盪狀態，並且回饋信號2143(例如，V_FB )(對應於波形2310)近似為正弦波。As shown by waveforms 2310 and 2320, when feedback signal 2143 (e.g., _VFB ) rises above threshold signal 2211 (e.g., 0.1V), Demag signal 2151 becomes a logic high level, which indicates the beginning of the demagnetization process. Furthermore, when the feedback signal 2143 (eg, V _FB ) falls below the threshold signal 2211 (eg, 0.1 V), the Demag signal 2151 becomes a logic low level, which indicates the end of the demagnetization process. For example, when the current flowing through the secondary winding 2112 drops to almost zero, the demagnetization process ends. In another example, after the demagnetization process ends, the power conversion system 2100 enters a resonant oscillation state, and the feedback signal 2143 (eg, V _FB ) (corresponding to the waveform 2310 ) is approximately sinusoidal.

如圖21所示，Demag 信號2151由開關2166和NOT閘2170接收，NOT閘2170作為回應將信號2171輸出給開關2164。例如，如果Demag 信號2151為邏輯高位準，則開關2164斷開並且開關2166閉合。因此，根據一個實施例，電容器2172通過電流槽2162被放電，並且斜坡信號2165(例如，V_ramp )線性地下降。在另一示例中，如果Demag 信號2151為邏輯低位準，則開關2164閉合並且開關2166斷開。因此，根據另一實施例，電容器2172通過電流源2160被充電，並且斜坡信號2165(例如，V_ramp )線性地上升。As shown in FIG. 21, the Demag signal 2151 is received by the switch 2166 and the NOT gate 2170, and the NOT gate 2170 outputs the signal 2171 to the switch 2164 in response. For example, if the Demag signal 2151 is at a logic high level, the switch 2164 is open and the switch 2166 is closed. Thus, according to one embodiment, capacitor 2172 is discharged through current sink 2162 and ramp signal 2165 (eg, V _ramp ) drops linearly. In another example, if the Demag signal 2151 is at a logic low level, the switch 2164 is closed and the switch 2166 is open. Thus, according to another embodiment, capacitor 2172 is charged by current source 2160 and ramp signal 2165 (eg, V _ramp ) rises linearly.

根據又一實施例，斜坡信號2165(例如，V_ramp )由比較器2182接收，比較器2182還接收閾值信號2183(例如，V_ref )。例如，比較器2182將斜坡信號2165(例如，V_ramp )與閾值信號2183(例如，V_ref )相比較，並且向觸發器元件2190輸出控制信號2185。如波形2330和2350所示，如果斜坡信號2165(例如，V_ramp )在大小上達到閾值信號2183(例如，V_ref )，則驅動信號2193從邏輯低位準變為邏輯高位準，並且開關2130導通。According to yet another embodiment, the ramp signal 2165 (eg, V _ramp ) is received by the comparator 2182, which also receives the threshold signal 2183 (eg, V _ref ). For example, comparator 2182 compares ramp signal 2165 (eg, V _ramp ) to threshold signal 2183 (eg, V _ref ) and outputs control signal 2185 to flip-flop element 2190. As shown by waveforms 2330 and 2350, if ramp signal 2165 (eg, V _ramp ) reaches threshold signal 2183 (eg, V _ref ) in magnitude, drive signal 2193 changes from a logic low level to a logic high level, and switch 2130 conducts. .

如圖21、22和23所示，例如，電源變換系統2100的開關週期如下： As shown in FIGS. 21, 22 and 23, for example, the switching cycle of the power conversion system 2100 is as follows:

其中，T_s 表示開關週期，並且T_Demag 表示退磁處理的持續時間。I₂ 表示電流源2160的充電電流的大小，並且I₁ 表示電流槽2162的放電電流的大小。Where T _s represents the switching period and T _Demag represents the duration of the demagnetization process. I ₂ represents the magnitude of the charging current of the current source 2160, and I ₁ represents the magnitude of the discharging current of the current sink 2162.

在一個實施例中，如果 In one embodiment, if

則 then

其中，V_{cs_pk} 表示信號2147(例如V_cs )的峰值，並且V_thoc 表示閾值信號2181的大小。另外，I_p 表示流經初級繞組2110的電流2111的峰值，並且R_s 表示電阻器2124的電阻值。在另一實施例中，假設初級繞組2110與次級繞組2112之間的效率為100%，則輸出電流為： Where V _{cs_pk} represents the peak value of signal 2147 (eg, V _cs ), and V _thoc represents the magnitude of threshold signal 2181. In addition, I _p represents the peak value of the current 2111 flowing through the primary winding 2110, and R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 2124. In another embodiment, assuming an efficiency of 100% between the primary winding 2110 and the secondary winding 2112, the output current is:

其中，I_o 表示輸出電流，並且N表示初級繞組2110與次級繞組2112之間的匝數比。利用等式29和31，等式32變為： Where I _o represents the output current and N represents the turns ratio between the primary winding 2110 and the secondary winding 2112. Using Equations 29 and 31, Equation 32 becomes:

例如，基於等式33，由於I₁ ,I₂ ,V_thoc 和R_s 為常數，因此輸出電流I_o 是恒定的。在另一示例中，電源變換系統2100意圖使V_{cs_pk} 和兩者保持恒定，以便使輸出電流I_o 保持恒定。For example, based on Equation 33, since I ₁ , I ₂ , V _{thoc ,} and R _s are constant, the output current I _o is constant. In another example, power conversion system 2100 is intended to make V _{cs_pk} and Both kept constant, so that the output current I _o is kept constant.

圖24是根據本發明另一實施例之具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。24 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

開關模式電源變換系統2400包括以下元件：●用於產生Demag 信號和Sampling_clk 信號的元件2420；●用於採樣和保持一個或多個信號的元件2422；●用於產生PWM/PFM調節信號的元件2438； ●用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件2440；●用於產生閘驅動信號的元件2446；●振盪器2462；●電壓到電流轉換器2510；●用於確定兩個輸入信號在大小上的差異的元件2520；●時鐘分頻器2610；●脈衝拷貝電路2620；以及●相位檢測器和電荷泵2635。The switched mode power conversion system 2400 includes the following components: • an element 2420 for generating a Demag signal and a Sampling_clk signal; • an element 2422 for sampling and holding one or more signals; • an element 2438 for generating a PWM/PFM adjustment signal • Element 2440 for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment; • Element 2446 for generating gate drive signal; • Oscillator 2462; • Voltage to current converter 2510; • Used to determine the size of two input signals The difference component 2520; the clock divider 2610; the pulse copy circuit 2620; and the phase detector and the charge pump 2635.

在一個實施例中，元件2420、2422、2438、2440和2446、振盪器2462、電壓到電流轉換器2510、元件2520、時鐘分頻器2610、脈衝拷貝電路2620、以及相位檢測器和電荷泵2635位於晶片2490上。例如，晶片2490至少包括端子2416、2452和2466。In one embodiment, elements 2420, 2422, 2438, 2440, and 2446, oscillator 2462, voltage to current converter 2510, element 2520, clock divider 2610, pulse copy circuit 2620, and phase detector and charge pump 2635 Located on wafer 2490. For example, wafer 2490 includes at least terminals 2416, 2452, and 2466.

儘管上面利用所選出之用於系統2400的一組元件進行了示出，然而還可以存在許多替代、修改和變體。例如，元件中的一些可被擴展和/或組合。在另一示例中，上升邊緣遮沒元件被***在端子2466與元件2440之間，並且所***的上升邊緣遮沒元件接收來自端子2466的信號並且將信號2464輸出給元件2440。取決於實施例，元件的排列可以與被替換的其它元件互換。這些元件的進一步細節可在本說明書中找到。Although the above has been illustrated with a selected set of elements for system 2400, many alternatives, modifications, and variations are possible. For example, some of the elements can be expanded and/or combined. In another example, a rising edge blanking element is inserted between terminal 2466 and element 2440, and the inserted rising edge blanking element receives the signal from terminal 2466 and outputs signal 2464 to element 2440. Depending on the embodiment, the arrangement of the components can be interchanged with other components that are replaced. Further details of these elements can be found in this specification.

例如，開關模式電源變換系統2400與開關模式電源變換系統500相同。在另一示例中，晶片2490與晶片590相同。在又一示例中，端子2416、2452和2466分別與端子516、552和566相同。For example, switch mode power conversion system 2400 is identical to switch mode power conversion system 500. In another example, wafer 2490 is identical to wafer 590. In yet another example, terminals 2416, 2452, and 2466 are identical to terminals 516, 552, and 566, respectively.

在又一示例中，元件2420、2422、2438、2440和2446分別與元件520、522、538、540和546相同，並且振盪器2462與振盪器562相同。在又一示例中，電壓到電流轉換器2510與電壓到電流轉換器1510相同，並且元件2520與元件1520相同。在又一示例中，時鐘分頻器2610和脈衝拷貝電路2620分別與時鐘分頻器1610和脈衝拷貝電路1620相同，並且相位檢測器和電荷泵2635包括相位檢測器1630和電荷泵1640。返回參考圖17和圖18，根據一個實施例，元件542包括電壓到電流轉換器1510、元件1520和鎖相環1530，並且鎖相環1530至少包括脈衝拷貝電路1620、相位檢測器1630和電荷泵1640。In yet another example, elements 2420, 2422, 2438, 2440, and 2446 are identical to elements 520, 522, 538, 540, and 546, respectively, and oscillator 2462 is the same as oscillator 562. In yet another example, voltage to current converter 2510 is the same as voltage to current converter 1510, and element 2520 is identical to element 1520. In yet another example, clock divider 2610 and pulse copy circuit 2620 are identical to clock divider 1610 and pulse copy circuit 1620, respectively, and phase detector and charge pump 2635 includes phase detector 1630 and charge pump 1640. Referring back to Figures 17 and 18, element 542 includes voltage to current converter 1510, element 1520, and phase locked loop 1530, and phase locked loop 1530 includes at least pulse copy circuit 1620, phase detector 1630, and charge pump, according to one embodiment. 1640.

在又一示例中，信號2414、2444、2448、2460、2464和2474分別與信號514、544、548、560、564和574相同。在又一示例中，信號2512和2522分別與信號1512和1522相同。在又一示例中，信號2612、2614、2629、2644和2660與信號1612、1614、1629、1644和1660相同。In yet another example, signals 2414, 2444, 2448, 2460, 2464, and 2474 are the same as signals 514, 544, 548, 560, 564, and 574, respectively. In yet another example, signals 2512 and 2522 are identical to signals 1512 and 1522, respectively. In yet another example, signals 2612, 2614, 2629, 2644, and 2660 are the same as signals 1612, 1614, 1629, 1644, and 1660.

圖25是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統2400的一部分的用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件2440的某些設備的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。如圖25所示，元件2440包括高速比較器2710、邏輯控制元件2722、電荷泵2724、動態閾值產生器2730以及過流保護(OCP)比較器2740。25 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of an element 2440 for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment as part of a switched mode power conversion system 2400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. As shown in FIG. 25, element 2440 includes a high speed comparator 2710, a logic control element 2722, a charge pump 2724, a dynamic threshold generator 2730, and an overcurrent protection (OCP) comparator 2740.

例如，元件2440包括與高速比較器1810、動態閾值產生器1830以及過流保護(OCP)比較器1840相同的高速比較器2710、動態閾值產生器2730以及過流保護(OCP)比較器2740。在另一示例中，邏輯控制元件2722和電荷泵2724形成電荷泵1820。在又一示例中，信號2464和2474分別與信號564和574相同。在又一示例中，信號2712、2726和2735分別與信號1812、1826和1835相同。For example, component 2440 includes the same high speed comparator 2710, dynamic threshold generator 2730, and overcurrent protection (OCP) comparator 2740 as high speed comparator 1810, dynamic threshold generator 1830, and overcurrent protection (OCP) comparator 1840. In another example, logic control element 2722 and charge pump 2724 form charge pump 1820. In yet another example, signals 2464 and 2474 are the same as signals 564 and 574, respectively. In yet another example, signals 2712, 2726, and 2735 are identical to signals 1812, 1826, and 1835, respectively.

返回圖24，根據一個實施例，開關模式電源變換系統2400是返馳式電源變換器。在另一實施例中，開關模式電源變換系統2400包括用於控制開關頻率的一個或多個元件，以及用於控制流經初級繞組的峰值電流的一個或多個元件。例如，峰值電流被調整到預定位準，而不管線路AC輸入電壓如何。Returning to Figure 24, in accordance with one embodiment, the switched mode power conversion system 2400 is a flyback power converter. In another embodiment, the switched mode power conversion system 2400 includes one or more components for controlling the switching frequency, and one or more components for controlling the peak current flowing through the primary winding. For example, the peak current is adjusted to a predetermined level regardless of the line AC input voltage.

根據另一實施例，開關模式電源變換系統2400的輸出電壓由通過端子2416(例如，端子FB)的信號2414(例如，V_FB )表示。例如，信號2414(例如，V_FB )被元件2422採樣和保持，元件2422的輸出V_samp 由電壓到電流轉換器2510接收。在另一示例中，電壓到電流轉換器2510與元件2520一起產生信號2522，信號2522用來確定振盪器2462產生的信號2660的頻率。According to another embodiment, the output voltage of the switched mode power conversion system 2400 is represented by a signal 2414 (eg, V _FB ) through a terminal 2416 (eg, terminal FB). For example, signal 2414 (eg, V _FB ) is sampled and held by element 2422, and output V _{samp of} element 2422 is received by voltage to current converter 2510. In another example, voltage to current converter 2510, together with element 2520, produces a signal 2522 that is used to determine the frequency of signal 2660 generated by oscillator 2462.

根據又一實施例，信號2414(例如，V_FB )由元件2420接收。例如，元件2420向脈衝拷貝電路2620輸出Demag 信號，並且Demag 信號表示退磁處理的持續時間(例如，T_Demag )。在又一示例中，信號由一鎖相環處理，該鎖相環包括振盪器2462、時鐘分頻器2610、脈衝拷貝電路2620、相位檢測器和電荷泵2635以及元件2520。在又一示例中，該鎖相環調節信號2660的振盪頻率，以使得 According to yet another embodiment, signal 2414 (eg, V _FB ) is received by element 2420. For example, element 2420 outputs a Demag signal to pulse copy circuit 2620, and the Demag signal represents the duration of the demagnetization process (eg, T _Demag ). In yet another example, the signal is processed by a phase locked loop that includes an oscillator 2462, a clock divider 2610, a pulse copy circuit 2620, a phase detector and charge pump 2635, and an element 2520. In yet another example, the phase locked loop adjusts the oscillation frequency of the signal 2660 such that

其中，β是常數。在又一示例中，β等於2。Where β is a constant. In yet another example, β is equal to two.

圖26是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統2400的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。26 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 2400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖26所示，波形2680表示作為時間的函數的信號2612(例如，CLK2)，並且波形2682表示作為時間的函數的信號2614(例如，CLK4)。另外，波形2684表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號，波形2686表示作為時間的函數的信號2629，並且波形2688表示作為時間的函數的信號2522。As shown in Figure 26, waveform 2680 represents signal 2612 (e.g., CLK2) as a function of time, and waveform 2682 represents signal 2614 (e.g., CLK4) as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 2684 represents the Demag signal as a function of time, waveform 2686 represents signal 2629 as a function of time, and waveform 2688 represents signal 2522 as a function of time.

例如，在信號2614(對應於波形2682)的下降邊緣處，Demag 信號(對應於波形2684)被同步到信號2629(對應於波形2686)。在另一示例中，在信號2629(對應於波形2686)的下降邊緣處，信號2612(對應於波形2680)被採樣。For example, at the falling edge of signal 2614 (corresponding to waveform 2682), the Demag signal (corresponding to waveform 2684) is synchronized to signal 2629 (corresponding to waveform 2686). In another example, at the falling edge of signal 2629 (corresponding to waveform 2686), signal 2612 (corresponding to waveform 2680) is sampled.

根據一個實施例，如果從信號2612採樣出的值對應於邏輯低位準，則退磁處理的持續時間(例如，T_Demag )小於信號2612(對應於波形2680)的半個週期。根據另一實施例，作為回應，信號2522(對應於波形2688)在大小上減小，從而導致信號2612(對應於波形2680)的頻率也減小。According to one embodiment, if the value sampled from signal 2612 corresponds to a logic low level, the duration of the demagnetization process (eg, T _Demag ) is less than half a cycle of signal 2612 (corresponding to waveform 2680). In accordance with another embodiment, in response, signal 2522 (corresponding to waveform 2688) decreases in magnitude, resulting in a decrease in the frequency of signal 2612 (corresponding to waveform 2680).

圖25和/或圖20示出了根據某些實施例用於調整初級繞組的峰值電流的一種或多種實現方式。例如，在定流(CC)模式中，感測到的電壓(例如，V_cs )的峰值通過回饋被調整到預定位準，而不管線路AC輸入電壓和/或延遲時間如何。25 and/or 20 illustrate one or more implementations for adjusting the peak current of a primary winding in accordance with certain embodiments. For example, in a constant current (CC) mode, the peak value of the sensed voltage (eg, V _cs ) is adjusted to a predetermined level by feedback regardless of the line AC input voltage and/or delay time.

在另一示例中，如圖25所示，當電源開關(例如，開關550)剛剛截止時，信號2464(例如，V_cs )由比較器2710與預定閾值信號(例如，V_{th_oc} )相比較。根據一個實施例，比較器2710輸出信號2712，以便調節信號2735(例如，信號OCP_ref)，信號2735被用作比較器2740的閾值電壓。根據另一實施例，感測到的電壓(例如，V_cs )的峰值通過這樣的回饋被調整到預定位準(例如，V_{th_oc} )，以使得開關模式電源變換系統2400的輸出電流保持恒定。In another example, as shown in FIG. 25, when the power switch (eg, switch 550) has just turned off, signal 2464 (eg, V _cs ) is compared by comparator 2710 with a predetermined threshold signal (eg, V _{th — oc} ). According to one embodiment, comparator 2710 outputs signal 2712 to adjust signal 2735 (eg, signal OCP_ref), which is used as the threshold voltage of comparator 2740. According to another embodiment, the peak value of the sensed voltage (eg, V _cs ) is adjusted to a predetermined level (eg, V _{th — oc} ) by such feedback such that the output current of the switched mode power conversion system 2400 remains constant.

圖27是根據本發明某些實施例分別作為開關模式電源變換系統500或2400一部分的用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件540或2440的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。27 is a simplified timing diagram of an element 540 or 2440 for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment, respectively, as part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 or 2400, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

參考圖27和圖20，根據一個實施例，波形2780表示作為時間的函數的信號560(例如，CLK)，並且波形2782表示作為時間的函數的信號564(例如，CS)。根據另一實施例，波形2784表示作為時間的函數的信號LEB_b，並且波形2786表示作為時間的函數的信號1812(例如，OCP_det)。根據又一實施例，波形2790表示作為時間的函數、作為信號Charge_con_b與信號Charge相及(AND)的結果的信號(例如，UP)，並且波形2792表示作為時間的函數、作為信號Charge_con與信號Charge_b相及的結果的信號(例如，DOWN)。例如，信號Charge和信號Charge_b都是短脈衝信號。根據又一實施例，波形2794表示作為時間的函數的信號1826(例如，V_control )，並且波形2796表示作為時間的函數的信號1835(例如，OCP_ref)。Referring to Figures 27 and 20, waveform 2780 represents signal 560 (e.g., CLK) as a function of time, and waveform 2782 represents signal 564 (e.g., CS) as a function of time, in accordance with one embodiment. According to another embodiment, waveform 2784 represents signal LEB_b as a function of time, and waveform 2786 represents signal 1812 (eg, OCP_det) as a function of time. According to yet another embodiment, waveform 2790 represents a signal (eg, UP) as a function of time as a result of signal Charge_con_b and signal Charge, and waveform 2792 represents as a function of time as signal Charge_con and signal Charge_b The resulting signal (for example, DOWN). For example, the signal Charge and the signal Charge_b are both short pulse signals. According to another embodiment, the waveform 2794 represents a signal as a function of time 1826 (e.g., V _control), 1835 and the waveform 2796 represents a signal as a function of time (e.g., OCP_ref).

如圖27所示，根據一個實施例，如果信號564(對應於波形2782)的峰值小於Vth_oc(例如，0.9V)，則信號1812(對應於波形2786)為邏輯低位準，並且信號1835(對應於波形2796)逐步增大。根據另一實施例，如果信號564(對應於波形2782)在一時段期間變得大於Vth_oc(例如，0.9V)，則信號1812(對應於波形2786)在該同一時段期間為邏輯高位準，並且信號1835(對應於波形2796)逐步減小，以便動態地在預定位準(例如，V_{th_oc} )處獲得感測電壓(例如，V_cs )的恒定峰值。As shown in FIG. 27, according to one embodiment, if the peak value of signal 564 (corresponding to waveform 2782) is less than Vth_oc (eg, 0.9V), then signal 1812 (corresponding to waveform 2786) is at a logic low level, and signal 1835 (corresponding to Gradually increase at waveform 2796). According to another embodiment, if signal 564 (corresponding to waveform 2782) becomes greater than Vth_oc (eg, 0.9V) during a period of time, then signal 1812 (corresponding to waveform 2786) is at a logic high level during the same time period, and Signal 1835 (corresponding to waveform 2796) is stepped down to dynamically obtain a constant peak of the sensed voltage (eg, V _cs ) at a predetermined level (eg, V _{th — oc} ).

圖28是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。28 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

電源變換系統2800包括初級繞組2810、次級繞組2812、輔助繞組2814、電阻器2820、2822和2824、開關2830、斜坡產生器2832、跨導放大器2834、逐週期(cycle-by-cycle)峰值產生器2836、上升邊緣遮沒元件2838、退磁檢測元件2850、電流源2860、電流槽2862、開關2864和2866、NOT(非)閘2870、電容器2872和2858、比較器2880和2882、觸發器元件2890、以及驅動元件2892。The power conversion system 2800 includes a primary winding 2810, a secondary winding 2812, an auxiliary winding 2814, resistors 2820, 2822, and 2824, a switch 2830, a ramp generator 2832, and a transconductance a large 2834, cycle-by-cycle peak generator 2836, rising edge blanking element 2838, demagnetization detecting element 2850, current source 2860, current sink 2862, switches 2864 and 2866, NOT gate 2870, Capacitors 2872 and 2858, comparators 2880 and 2882, flip-flop element 2890, and drive element 2892.

例如，斜坡產生器2832、跨導放大器2834、逐週期峰值檢測器2836、上升邊緣遮沒元件2838、退磁檢測元件2850、電流源2860、電流槽2862、開關2864和2866、NOT閘2870、電容器2872、比較器2880和2882、觸發器元件2890以及驅動元件2892位於晶片2840上。在另一示例中，晶片2840至少包括端子2842、2844、2846和2848。在又一示例中，系統2800是開關模式返馳式電源變換系統。在又一示例中，退磁檢測元件2850與如圖22所示的退磁檢測元件2150相同。For example, ramp generator 2832, transconductance amplifier 2834, cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836, rising edge blanking element 2838, demagnetization detecting element 2850, current source 2860, current sink 2862, switches 2864 and 2866, NOT gate 2870, capacitor 2872 Comparators 2880 and 2882, flip-flop element 2890, and drive element 2892 are located on wafer 2840. In another example, wafer 2840 includes at least terminals 2842, 2844, 2846, and 2848. In yet another example, system 2800 is a switch mode flyback power conversion system. In still another example, the demagnetization detecting element 2850 is the same as the demagnetization detecting element 2150 as shown in FIG.

圖29是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統2800的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。29 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 2800 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖29所示，波形2910表示作為時間的函數的輸入信號2813(例如，V_in )，波形2920表示作為時間的函數的斜坡信號2833(例如，V_B )，並且波形2922表示作為時間的函數的信號2881(例如，CMP)。另外，波形2930表示作為時間的函數的感測信號2847(例如，V_cs )，並且波形2940表示作為時間的函數的峰值信號2837(例如，V_c2 )。As shown in Figure 29, waveform 2910 represents input signal 2813 (e.g., V _in ) as a function of time, waveform 2920 represents ramp signal 2833 (e.g., V _B ) as a function of time, and waveform 2922 represents as a function of time. Signal 2881 (eg, CMP). Additionally, waveform 2930 represents sense signal 2847 (eg, V _cs ) as a function of time, and waveform 2940 represents peak signal 2837 (eg, V _c2 ) as a function of time.

此外，波形2950表示作為時間的函數的回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )，並且波形2960表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號2851，並且波形2970表示作為時間的函數的另一斜坡信號2865(例如，V_A )。此外，波形2980表示作為時間的函數的控制信號2885，並且波形2990表示作為時間的函數的驅動信號2893。Moreover, waveform 2950 represents feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _FB ) as a function of time, and waveform 2960 represents Demag signal 2851 as a function of time, and waveform 2970 represents another ramp signal 2865 as a function of time (eg, V _A ). Additionally, waveform 2980 represents control signal 2885 as a function of time, and waveform 2990 represents drive signal 2893 as a function of time.

如圖28和圖29所示，當驅動信號2893(對應於波形2990)為邏輯高位準時，開關2830導通。根據一個實施例，流經初級繞組2810的電流2811線性地傾斜上升，並且信號2847(例如，V_cs )通過上升邊緣遮沒元件2838也線性地傾斜上升。例如，信號2847(例如，V_cs )由逐週期峰值檢測器2836接收，逐週期峰值檢測器2836檢測每個開關週期內的信號2847的峰值並且輸出峰值信號2837(對應於波形2940)，峰值信號2837 表示檢測到的信號2847的峰值。在另一示例中，峰值信號2837(例如，V_c2 )由跨導放大器2834接收，跨導放大器2834還接收參考信號2835(例如V_ref2 )。As shown in Figures 28 and 29, when drive signal 2893 (corresponding to waveform 2990) is at a logic high level, switch 2830 is turned "on". According to one embodiment, current 2811 flowing through primary winding 2810 ramps up linearly, and signal 2847 (eg, V _cs ) also ramps up linearly through rising edge blanking element 2838. For example, signal 2847 (e.g., _Vcs ) is received by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836, which detects peaks of signal 2847 during each switching cycle and outputs peak signal 2837 (corresponding to waveform 2940), peak signal 2837 represents the peak value of the detected signal 2847. In another example, peak signal 2837 (eg, V _c2 ) is received by transconductance amplifier 2834, which also receives reference signal 2835 (eg, V _ref2 ).

根據一個實施例，峰值信號2837(例如，V_c2 )與參考信號2835(例如V_ref2 )之間的電壓差被放大並且被轉換為電流信號，該電流信號進而被電容器2858轉換為電壓信號2881(例如，CMP)。根據另一實施例，電壓信號2881(對應於波形2922)由比較器2880接收，比較器2880還接收斜坡信號2833(對應於波形2920)。According to one embodiment, the voltage difference between peak signal 2837 (eg, _Vc2 ) and reference signal 2835 (eg, _Vref2 ) is amplified and converted to a current signal, which in turn is converted by capacitor 2858 to voltage signal 2881 ( For example, CMP). According to another embodiment, voltage signal 2881 (corresponding to waveform 2922) is received by comparator 2880, and comparator 2880 also receives ramp signal 2833 (corresponding to waveform 2920).

例如，電壓信號2881(例如，CMP)的大小隨著時間是恒定的。在另一示例中，比較器2880將電壓信號2881(對應於波形2922)與斜坡信號2833(對應於波形2920)相比較，並且向觸發器元件2890輸出比較信號2887。在一個實施例中，觸發器元件2890還接收來自比較器2882的控制信號2885並且產生調節信號2891。在另一實施例中，調節信號2891由驅動器元件2892接收，作為響應，驅動器元件2892產生驅動信號2893。For example, the magnitude of voltage signal 2881 (eg, CMP) is constant over time. In another example, comparator 2880 compares voltage signal 2881 (corresponding to waveform 2922) to ramp signal 2833 (corresponding to waveform 2920) and outputs comparison signal 2887 to flip-flop component 2890. In one embodiment, the trigger element 2890 also receives the control signal 2885 from the comparator 2882 and generates an adjustment signal 2891. In another embodiment, the adjustment signal 2891 is received by the driver element 2892, and in response, the driver element 2892 generates a drive signal 2893.

如波形2920和2990所示，如果斜坡信號2833(例如，V_B )達到電壓信號2881(例如，CMP)，則驅動信號2893從邏輯高位準變為邏輯低位準並且開關2830截止。例如，當開關2830截止時，所儲存能量被遞送到電源變換系統2800的輸出並且退磁處理開始。在另一示例中，在退磁處理期間，流經次級繞組2812的電流線性地傾斜下降。As shown by waveforms 2920 and 2990, if ramp signal 2833 (eg, V _B ) reaches voltage signal 2881 (eg, CMP), drive signal 2893 changes from a logic high level to a logic low level and switch 2830 turns off. For example, when switch 2830 is turned off, the stored energy is delivered to the output of power conversion system 2800 and the demagnetization process begins. In another example, during the demagnetization process, the current flowing through the secondary winding 2812 ramps down linearly.

如圖28所示，輔助繞組2814的輸出電壓(例如，V_aux )反映電源變換系統2800的輸出電壓(例如，V_o )，並且被電阻器2820和2822轉換為回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )。例如，回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )由退磁檢測元件2850接收，退磁檢測元件2850將回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )與閾值信號(例如，0.1V)相比較。As shown in FIG. 28, the output voltage of the auxiliary winding 2814 (eg, V _aux ) reflects the output voltage of the power conversion system 2800 (eg, V _o ), and is converted by the resistors 2820 and 2822 into a feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _{FB )} ). For example, feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _FB ) is received by demagnetization detection component 2850, which derivatizes feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _FB ) to a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V).

根據一個實施例，如波形2950和2960所示，當回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )上升到閾值信號(例如，0.1V)以上時，Demag 信號2851變為邏輯高位準，其指示退磁處理的開始。根據另一實施例，當回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )下降到閾值信號(例如，0.1V)以下時，Demag 信號2851變為邏輯低位準，其指示退磁處理的結束。例如，當流經次級繞組2812的電流下降到幾乎為零時，退磁處理結束。在另一示例中，在退磁處理結束之後，電源變換系統2800進入諧振振盪狀態，並且回饋信號2843(例如，V_FB )(對應於波形2310)近似為正弦波。According to one embodiment, as shown by waveforms 2950 and 2960, when feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _FB ) rises above a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V), Demag signal 2851 becomes a logic high level indicating demagnetization processing Start. According to another embodiment, when the feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _FB ) falls below a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V), the Demag signal 2851 becomes a logic low level, which indicates the end of the demagnetization process. For example, when the current flowing through the secondary winding 2812 drops to almost zero, the demagnetization process ends. In another example, after the demagnetization process ends, the power conversion system 2800 enters a resonant oscillation state, and the feedback signal 2843 (eg, V _FB ) (corresponding to the waveform 2310 ) is approximately sinusoidal.

如圖28所示，Demag 信號2851由開關2866和NOT閘2870接收，NOT閘2870作為回應將信號2871輸出給開關2864。例如，如果Demag 信號2851為邏輯高位準，則開關2864斷開並且開關2866閉合。因此，根據一個實施例，電容器2872通過電流槽2862被放電，並且斜坡信號2865(例如，V_A )線性地下降。在另一示例中，如果Demag 信號2851為邏輯低位準，則開關2864閉合並且開關2866斷開。因此，根據另一實施例，電容器2872通過電流源2860被充電，並且斜坡信號2865(例如，V_A )線性地上升。As shown in FIG. 28, Demag signal 2851 is received by switch 2866 and NOT gate 2870, and NOT gate 2870 outputs signal 2871 to switch 2864 in response. For example, if Demag signal 2851 is at a logic high level, switch 2864 is open and switch 2866 is closed. Thus, according to one embodiment, capacitor 2872 is discharged through current sink 2862 and ramp signal 2865 (eg, V _A ) drops linearly. In another example, if Demag signal 2851 is at a logic low level, switch 2864 is closed and switch 2866 is open. Thus, according to another embodiment, capacitor 2872 is charged by current source 2860 and ramp signal 2865 (eg, V _A ) rises linearly.

根據又一實施例，斜坡信號2865(例如，V_A )由比較器2882接收，比較器2882還接收閾值信號2883(例如，V_ref1 )。例如，比較器2882將斜坡信號2865(例如，V_A )與閾值信號2883(例如，V_ref1 )相比較，並且向觸發器元件2890輸出控制信號2885。如波形2970和2990所示，如果斜坡信號2865(例如，V_A )在大小上達到閾值信號2883(例如，V_ref1 )，則驅動信號2893從邏輯低位準變為邏輯高位準，並且開關2830導通。According to yet another embodiment, the ramp signal 2865 (eg, V _A ) is received by the comparator 2882, which also receives the threshold signal 2883 (eg, V _ref1 ). For example, comparator 2882 compares ramp signal 2865 (eg, V _A ) to threshold signal 2883 (eg, V _ref1 ) and outputs control signal 2885 to flip-flop component 2890. As shown by waveforms 2970 and 2990, if ramp signal 2865 (eg, V _A ) reaches threshold signal 2883 (eg, V _ref1 ) in magnitude, drive signal 2893 changes from a logic low level to a logic high level, and switch 2830 conducts. .

圖30是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統2800一部分的逐週期峰值檢測器2836的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。30 is a simplified diagram of a cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836 as part of a power conversion system 2800 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

在一個實施例中，逐週期峰值檢測器2836包括比較器3010、開關3020、3022和3024、緩衝器3030、電容器3040和3042、電流源3050、以及單穩態產生器3060。在另一實施例中，開關3022和3024分別由信號3062和3064控制，信號3062和3064是單穩態產生器3060回應於驅動信號2893產生的。例如，信號3062和3064各自是具有300ns脈寬的單穩態信號。In one embodiment, the cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836 includes a comparator 3010, switches 3020, 3022, and 3024, a buffer 3030, capacitors 3040 and 3042, a current source 3050, and a monostable generator 3060. In another embodiment, switches 3022 and 3024 are controlled by signals 3062 and 3064, respectively, and signals 3062 and 3064 are generated by monostable generator 3060 in response to drive signal 2893. For example, signals 3062 and 3064 are each a monostable signal having a pulse width of 300 ns.

圖31是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統2800一部分的逐週期峰值檢測器2836的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。31 is a simplified timing diagram of a cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836 as part of a power conversion system 2800 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖31所示，波形3110表示作為時間的函數的驅動信號2893，並且波形3120表示作為時間的函數的感測信號2847(例如，V_cs )。另外，波形3130表示作為時間的函數的單穩態信號3062，並且波形3140表示作為時間的函數的單穩態信號3064。此外，波形3150表示作為時間的函數的信號3023(例如，V_c1 )，並且波形3160表示作為時間的函數的信號3031。此外，波形3170表示作為時間的函數的峰值信號2837(例如，V_c2 )。As shown in FIG. 31, waveform 3110 represents drive signal 2893 as a function of time, and waveform 3120 represents sense signal 2847 (eg, _Vcs ) as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 3130 represents monostable signal 3062 as a function of time, and waveform 3140 represents monostable signal 3064 as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 3150 represents signal 3023 (e.g., _Vc1 ) as a function of time, and waveform 3160 represents signal 3031 as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 3170 represents a peak signal 2837 (e.g., _Vc2 ) as a function of time.

如圖30和圖31所示，單穩態產生器3060接收驅動信號2893(對應於波形3110)，並且回應於驅動信號2893的上升邊緣產生單穩態信號3062(對應於波形3130)。例如，單穩態信號3062具有300ns的脈寬。在另一示例中，當單穩態信號3062為邏輯高位準時，開關3022被閉合；因此，電容器3040被放電並且信號3023(對應於波形3150)下降到邏輯低位準。As shown in Figures 30 and 31, monostable generator 3060 receives drive signal 2893 (corresponding to waveform 3110) and produces a monostable signal 3062 (corresponding to waveform 3130) in response to the rising edge of drive signal 2893. For example, monostable signal 3062 has a pulse width of 300 ns. In another example, when monostable signal 3062 is at a logic high level, switch 3022 is closed; therefore, capacitor 3040 is discharged and signal 3023 (corresponding to waveform 3150) falls to a logic low level.

在又一示例中，信號3023(對應於波形3150)由比較器3010接收，比較器3010將信號3023與信號2847(對應於波形3120)相比較。根據一個實施例，如果信號2847在大小上大於信號3023，則開關3020閉合並且電容器3022通過電流源3050被充電。根據另一實施例，如果信號3023在大小上達到信號2847，則開關3020斷開；因此，信號3023在相應的信號週期中表示信號2874的峰值，直到開關3022通過單穩態信號3022的下一脈衝被再次閉合為止。根據又一實施例，信號3023由緩衝器3030接收，緩衝器3030產生信號3031(對應於波形3160)。In yet another example, signal 3023 (corresponding to waveform 3150) is received by comparator 3010, which compares signal 3023 with signal 2847 (corresponding to waveform 3120). According to one embodiment, if signal 2847 is greater in magnitude than signal 3023, switch 3020 is closed and capacitor 3022 is charged by current source 3050. According to another embodiment, if signal 3023 reaches signal 2847 in size, switch 3020 is turned off; therefore, signal 3023 represents the peak of signal 2874 in the corresponding signal period until switch 3022 passes the next of monostable signal 3022. The pulse is closed again. According to yet another embodiment, signal 3023 is received by buffer 3030, which generates signal 3031 (corresponding to waveform 3160).

根據又一實施例，單穩態產生器3060接收驅動信號2893(對應於波形3110)，並且回應於驅動信號2893的下降邊緣產生單穩態信號3064(對應於波形3140)。例如，單穩態信號3064具有300ns的脈寬。在另一示例中，當單穩態信號3064為邏輯高位準時，開關3024被閉合；因此，電容器3042被充電並且信號2837(對應於波形3170)被用來對信號3031採樣。在又一示例中，經採樣的信號3031被保持在電容器3042上並且作為信號2837被輸出，信號2837表示相應信號週期中的信號2874的峰值直到驅動信號2844的下一脈衝到來為止。According to yet another embodiment, monostable generator 3060 receives drive signal 2893 (corresponding to waveform 3110) and produces a monostable signal 3064 (corresponding to waveform 3140) in response to the falling edge of drive signal 2893. For example, monostable signal 3064 has a pulse width of 300 ns. In another example, when monostable signal 3064 is at a logic high level, switch 3024 is closed; therefore, capacitor 3042 is charged and signal 2837 (corresponding to waveform 3170) is used to sample signal 3031. In yet another example, the sampled signal 3031 is held on capacitor 3042 and output as signal 2837, which represents the peak of signal 2874 in the corresponding signal period until the next pulse of drive signal 2844 arrives.

參考圖28，例如，電源變換系統2800的開關週期如下： Referring to FIG. 28, for example, the switching cycle of the power conversion system 2800 is as follows:

其中，T_s 表示開關週期，並且T_Demag 表示退磁處理的持續時間。I₂ 表示電流源2860的充電電流的大小，並且I₁ 表示電流槽2862的放電電流的大小。Where T _s represents the switching period and T _Demag represents the duration of the demagnetization process. I ₂ represents the magnitude of the charging current of the current source 2860, and I ₁ represents the magnitude of the discharging current of the current sink 2862.

根據一個實施例，AC輸入信號2815被轉換為經整流的輸入信號2813(例如，V_in )，如下： According to one embodiment, the AC input signal 2815 is converted to a rectified input signal 2813 (eg, V _in ) as follows:

其中，V_in 表示經整流的輸入信號2813。另外，V_rms 表示AC輸入信號2815的均方根大小，並且T_AC 表示AC輸入信號2815的週期。例如，T_AC 等於20ms。Wherein V _in represents the rectified input signal 2813. In addition, V _rms represents the root mean square size of the AC input signal 2815, and T _AC represents the period of the AC input signal 2815. For example, T _AC is equal to 20ms.

在另一示例中，因此，峰值信號2837為 In another example, therefore, the peak signal 2837 is

其中，V_c2 表示峰值信號2837。另外，t_on 表示驅動信號2893的脈寬，並且R_s 表示電阻器2824的電阻值。此外，L_p 表示初級繞組2810的電感。Where V _c2 represents the peak signal 2837. In addition, t _on represents the pulse width of the drive signal 2893, and R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 2824. Further, L _p represents the inductance of the primary winding 2810.

在又一示例中，如圖28所示，峰值信號2837被平均並且使得峰值信號2837的平均值等於參考信號2835。根據一個實施例，如果 In yet another example, as shown in FIG. 28, the peak signal 2837 is averaged such that the average of the peak signal 2837 is equal to the reference signal 2835. According to an embodiment, if

則， then,

其中，g_m 是跨導放大器2834的跨導值，並且C_cmp 是電容器2858的電容值。另外，T表示積分週期，並且K是遠大於1的正整數。例如，T等於或大於T_AC 。在另一示例中，K不小於3。在又一示例中，K等於3,5,6,10或20。在又一示例中，跨導放大器2834的頻寬遠小於AC輸入信號2815的頻率。此外，V_{cs_ave} 表示峰值信號2837的平均值，並且V_ref2 表示參考信號2835。此外，V_{cs_pk} 表示信號2847的峰值，其例如等於V_c2 。Wherein, g _m is the transconductance of transconductance amplifier 2834, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C _cmp of 2858. In addition, T represents an integration period, and K is a positive integer much larger than one. For example, T is equal to or greater than T _AC . In another example, K is not less than 3. In yet another example, K is equal to 3, 5, 6, 10 or 20. In yet another example, the bandwidth of the transconductance amplifier 2834 is much smaller than the frequency of the AC input signal 2815. Further, V _{cs_ave} represents the average value of the peak signal 2837, and V _ref2 represents the reference signal 2835. Furthermore, V _{cs — pk} represents the peak value of signal 2847, which is for example equal to V _c2 .

根據另一實施例，如圖28所示， According to another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 28,

其中，I₀ 表示開關模式電源變換系統2800的輸出電流，並且N表示初級繞組2810與次級繞組2812之間的匝數比。另外，R_s 表示電阻器2824的電阻值，並且T_s 表示電源變換系統2800的開關週期。此外，T_Demag 表示每個開關週期內的退磁處理的持續時間。Wherein I ₀ represents the output current of the switched mode power conversion system 2800, and N represents the turns ratio between the primary winding 2810 and the secondary winding 2812. In addition, R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 2824, and T _s represents the switching period of the power conversion system 2800. In addition, T _Demag represents the duration of the demagnetization process in each switching cycle.

根據又一實施例，將等式35和39與等式40組合，可以獲得下式： According to a further embodiment, combining equations 35 and 39 with equation 40, the following equation can be obtained:

例如，基於等式41，由於I₁ ,I₂ ,V_ref2 ,R_s 和N都是常數，因此輸出電流 I_o 是恒定的。在另一示例中，電源變換系統2800使和保持恒定，以便使輸出電流I_o 保持恒定。在一個實施例中，通過至少滿足等式38來使保持恒定。在另一實施例中，通過至少滿足等式35 來使保持恒定。For example, based on Equation 41, since I ₁ , I ₂ , V _ref2 , R _s and N are all constants, the output current I _o is constant. In another example, power conversion system 2800 enables with Keep constant to keep the output current I _o constant. In one embodiment, by satisfying at least Equation 38 keep constant. In another embodiment, by satisfying at least Equation 35 keep constant.

如上所述並在此強調，圖28僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統2800包括用於將AC輸入信號2815轉換為由初級繞組2810接收的DC信號的一個或多個大容量電容器，如圖32所示。As noted above and emphasized herein, FIG. 28 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 2800 includes one or more bulk capacitors for converting AC input signal 2815 to a DC signal received by primary winding 2810, as shown in FIG.

圖32是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。32 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

例如，除了電源變換系統3200還包括電容器3210和3220、電阻器3230以及電感器3240以外，電源變換系統3200與電源變換系統2800相同。在另一示例中，電容器3210和3220、電阻器3230以及電感器3240用來將AC輸入信號3215轉換為DC輸入信號3213(例如，V_in )。For example, the power conversion system 3200 is identical to the power conversion system 2800 except that the power conversion system 3200 further includes capacitors 3210 and 3220, a resistor 3230, and an inductor 3240. In another example, capacitors 3210 and 3220, resistor 3230, and inductor 3240 are used to convert AC input signal 3215 to DC input signal 3213 (eg, V _in ).

根據一個實施例，電源變換系統2800的優點在於無需使用一個或多個大容量電容器以及將AC輸入信號轉換為由初級繞組2810接收的DC輸入信號。根據又一實施例，儘管如此，電源變換系統2800可以利用一個或多個這樣的大容量電容器來操作，如圖32所示。According to one embodiment, power conversion system 2800 has the advantage of not requiring the use of one or more bulk capacitors and converting the AC input signal to a DC input signal received by primary winding 2810. According to yet another embodiment, nevertheless, power conversion system 2800 can operate using one or more of such bulk capacitors, as shown in FIG.

圖33是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。33 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

電源變換系統3300包括初級繞組3310，次級繞組3312，輔助繞組3314，電阻器3320、3322和3324，開關3330，跨導放大器3334，逐週期峰值檢測器3336，上升邊緣遮沒元件3338，退磁檢測元件3350，振盪器3360，AND閘3366，電容器3358，積分器3370，比較器3382，觸發器元件3390以及驅動元件3392。The power conversion system 3300 includes a primary winding 3310, a secondary winding 3312, an auxiliary winding 3314, resistors 3320, 3322, and 3324, a switch 3330, a transconductance amplifier 3334, a cycle-by-cycle peak detector 3336, a rising edge blanking element 3338, and a demagnetization detection. Element 3350, oscillator 3360, AND gate 3366, capacitor 3358, integrator 3370, comparator 3382, flip-flop element 3390, and drive element 3392.

例如，跨導放大器3334、逐週期峰值檢測器3336、上升邊緣遮沒元件3338、退磁檢測元件3350、振盪器3360、AND閘3366、積分器3370、比較器3382、觸發器元件3390以及驅動元件3392位於晶片3340上。在另一示例中，晶片3340至少包括端子3342、3344、3346和3348。在又一示例中，系統3300是開關模式返馳式電源變換系統。在又一示例中，退磁檢測元件3350與如圖22所示的退磁檢測元件2150相同。在又一示例中，逐週期峰值檢測器3336與如圖30所示的逐週期峰值檢測器2836相同。在又一示例中，積分器3370是在每個開關週期之後(例如，在每個開關週期內的退磁處理結束時)被重置的逐週期積分器。For example, transconductance amplifier 3334, cycle-by-cycle peak detector 3336, rising edge blanking component 3338, demagnetization detecting component 3350, oscillator 3360, AND gate 3366, integrator 3370, comparator 3382, flip-flop component 3390, and drive component 3392 Located on wafer 3340. In another example, wafer 3340 includes at least terminals 3342, 3344, 3346, and 3348. In yet another example, system 3300 is a switch mode flyback power conversion system. In still another example, the demagnetization detecting element 3350 is the same as the demagnetization detecting element 2150 as shown in FIG. In yet another example, the cycle-by-cycle peak detector 3336 is identical to the cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836 shown in FIG. In yet another example, integrator 3370 is a cycle-by-cycle integrator that is reset after each switching cycle (eg, at the end of the demagnetization process within each switching cycle).

圖34是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統3300一部分的積分器3370的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。Figure 34 is a simplified diagram of an integrator 3370 as part of a power conversion system 3300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

在一個實施例中，積分器3370包括開關3420、3422和3424、緩衝器3430、電容器3440和3442、電晶體3450、3452和3454、放大器3460、單穩態產生器3462、以及電阻器3470。在另一實施例中，開關3320由Demag 信號3351控制。在又一實施例中，開關3422和3424分別由信號3461和3463控制。例如，信號3461由單穩態產生器3460回應於驅動信號3393而產生。在另一示例中，信號3463由單穩態產生器3462回應於Demag 信號3351而產生。In one embodiment, integrator 3370 includes switches 3420, 3422, and 3424, a buffer 3430, capacitors 3440 and 3442, transistors 3450, 3452, and 3454, an amplifier 3460, a monostable generator 3462, and a resistor 3470. In another embodiment, the switch 3320 is controlled by the Demag signal 3351. In yet another embodiment, switches 3422 and 3424 are controlled by signals 3461 and 3463, respectively. For example, signal 3461 is generated by monostable generator 3460 in response to drive signal 3393. In another example, signal 3463 is generated by monostable generator 3462 in response to Demag signal 3351.

圖35是根據本發明實施例包括如圖33和圖34所示的積分器3370的開關模式電源變換系統3300的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。35 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 3300 including an integrator 3370 as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖35所示，波形3510表示作為時間的函數的驅動信號3393，波形3520表示作為時間的函數的感測信號3347(例如，V_cs )，並且波形3530 表示作為時間的函數的峰值信號3337(例如，V_c2 )。另外，波形3540表示作為時間的函數的單穩態信號3461，並且波形3550表示作為時間的函數的單穩態信號3463。此外，波形3560表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號3351。此外，波形3570表示作為時間的函數的信號3423，並且波形3580表示作為時間的函數的信號3372。As shown in FIG. 35, waveform 3510 represents drive signal 3393 as a function of time, waveform 3520 represents sensed signal 3347 (eg, V _cs ) as a function of time, and waveform 3530 represents peak signal 3337 as a function of time ( For example, V _c2 ). Additionally, waveform 3540 represents monostable signal 3461 as a function of time, and waveform 3550 represents monostable signal 3463 as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 3560 represents the Demag signal 3351 as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 3570 represents signal 3423 as a function of time, and waveform 3580 represents signal 3372 as a function of time.

如圖34和圖35所示，單穩態產生器3462接收驅動信號3393(對應於波形3510)並且回應於驅動信號3393的上升邊緣產生信號3461(對應於波形3540)。例如，信號3461是單穩態信號。在另一示例中，當單穩態信號3461為邏輯高位準時，開關3422被閉合；因此，電容器3440被放電並且信號3423(對應於波形3570)下降為邏輯低位準。As shown in Figures 34 and 35, monostable generator 3462 receives drive signal 3393 (corresponding to waveform 3510) and generates signal 3461 (corresponding to waveform 3540) in response to the rising edge of drive signal 3393. For example, signal 3461 is a monostable signal. In another example, when the monostable signal 3461 is at a logic high level, the switch 3422 is closed; therefore, the capacitor 3440 is discharged and the signal 3423 (corresponding to waveform 3570) falls to a logic low level.

根據一個實施例，當Demag 信號3351(對應於波形3560)為邏輯高位準時，開關3420閉合。根據另一實施例，峰值信號3337(對應於波形3530)由放大器3460接收，放大器3460將作為電壓信號的峰值信號3337轉換為電流信號，當開關3420通過Demag 信號3351被閉合時，該電流信號用來對電容器3440充電。例如，電容器3440輸出信號3423(對應於波形3570)。在另一示例中，信號3423由緩衝器3030接收，緩衝器3030產生信號3431。According to one embodiment, when the Demag signal 3351 (corresponding to waveform 3560) is at a logic high level, the switch 3420 is closed. According to another embodiment, peak signal 3337 (corresponding to waveform 3530) is received by amplifier 3460, which converts peak signal 3337, which is a voltage signal, into a current signal, which is used when switch 3420 is closed by Demag signal 3351. To charge capacitor 3440. For example, capacitor 3440 outputs signal 3423 (corresponding to waveform 3570). In another example, signal 3423 is received by buffer 3030, which generates signal 3431.

根據又一實施例，單穩態產生器3462接收Demag 信號3351(對應於波形3560)，並且回應於Demag 信號3351的下降邊緣而產生信號3463(對應於波形3550)。例如，信號3463是單穩態信號。在另一示例中，當單穩態信號3463為邏輯高位準時，開關3424被閉合；因此，電容器3442被充電並且信號3372(對應於波形3580)被用來對信號3431採樣。在又一示例中，經採樣的信號3431被保持在電容器3442上並且作為信號3372被輸出直到驅動信號3344的下一脈衝到來為止。According to yet another embodiment, monostable generator 3462 receives Demag signal 3351 (corresponding to waveform 3560) and generates signal 3463 (corresponding to waveform 3550) in response to the falling edge of Demag signal 3351. For example, signal 3463 is a monostable signal. In another example, when monostable signal 3463 is at a logic high level, switch 3424 is closed; therefore, capacitor 3442 is charged and signal 3372 (corresponding to waveform 3580) is used to sample signal 3431. In yet another example, the sampled signal 3431 is held on capacitor 3442 and output as signal 3372 until the next pulse of drive signal 3344 arrives.

根據又一實施例，信號3372為 According to yet another embodiment, the signal 3372 is

其中，V_c4 表示信號3372，並且V_c2 表示峰值信號3337。另外，T_Demag 表示每個開關週期內的退磁處理的持續時間。此外，R₃ 表示電阻器3470的電阻值，並且C₃ 表示電容器3440的電容值。Where V _c4 represents the signal 3372 and V _c2 represents the peak signal 3337. In addition, T _Demag represents the duration of the demagnetization process in each switching cycle. Further, R ₃ represents the resistance value of the resistor 3470, and C ₃ represents the capacitance value of the capacitor 3440.

圖36是作為根據本發明實施例的電源變換系統3300一部分的振盪器3360的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。36 is a simplified diagram of an oscillator 3360 as part of a power conversion system 3300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

在一個實施例中，振盪器3360至少包括電阻器3640和電容器3650。在另一實施例中，振盪器3360接收參考信號3610、3620和3630，並且產生時鐘信號3362和斜坡信號3364。在又一實施例中，時鐘信號3362和斜坡信號3364的週期由下式確定：In one embodiment, the oscillator 3360 includes at least a resistor 3640 and a capacitor 3650. In another embodiment, oscillator 3360 receives reference signals 3610, 3620, and 3630 and generates clock signal 3362 and ramp signal 3364. In yet another embodiment, the period of clock signal 3362 and ramp signal 3364 is determined by:

其中，T_osc 表示時鐘信號3362和斜坡信號3364的週期。另外，V_refl 、V_ref2 和V_ref3 分別表示參考信號3610、3620和3630。此外，R₅ 表示電阻器3640的電阻值，並且C₅ 表示電容器3650的電容值。Wherein, T _osc represents the period of the clock signal 3362 and the ramp signal 3364. Further, V _refl, V _ref2 and V _ref3 are 3610,3620 and 3630 denotes a reference signal. Further, R ₅ represents the resistance value of the resistor 3640, and C ₅ represents the capacitance value of the capacitor 3650.

在又一實施例中，電源變換系統3300的開關週期等於時鐘信號3362和斜坡信號3364的週期，並且開關頻率被確定為如下：In yet another embodiment, the switching period of the power conversion system 3300 is equal to the period of the clock signal 3362 and the ramp signal 3364, and the switching frequency is determined as follows:

其中，F_sw 表示電源變換系統3300的開關頻率。例如，電源變換系統3300以固定的開關頻率操作。Where F _sw represents the switching frequency of the power conversion system 3300. For example, power conversion system 3300 operates at a fixed switching frequency.

圖37是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統3300的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。37 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 3300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖37所示，波形3710表示作為時間的函數的輸入信號3313(例如，V_in )，並且波形3720表示作為時間的函數的驅動信號3393。另外，波形3730表示作為時間的函數的時鐘信號3362，波形3740表示作為時間的函數的斜坡信號3364，並且波形3742表示作為時間的函數的信號3381(例如，CMP)。此外，波形3750表示作為時間的函數的感測信號3347(例如，V_cs )，並且波形3760表示作為時間的函數的峰值信號3337(例如，V_c2 )。此外，波形3770表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號3351，並且波形3780表示作為時間的函數的信號3372。As shown in FIG. 37, waveform 3710 represents input signal 3313 (eg, V _in ) as a function of time, and waveform 3720 represents drive signal 3393 as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 3730 represents clock signal 3362 as a function of time, waveform 3740 represents ramp signal 3364 as a function of time, and waveform 3742 represents signal 3381 (eg, CMP) as a function of time. Moreover, waveform 3750 represents sense signal 3347 (eg, V _cs ) as a function of time, and waveform 3760 represents peak signal 3337 (eg, V _c2 ) as a function of time. In addition, waveform 3770 represents Demag signal 3351 as a function of time, and waveform 3780 represents signal 3372 as a function of time.

如圖33和圖37所示，在時鐘信號3362(對應於波形3730)的上升邊緣處，驅動信號3393(對應於波形3720)變為邏輯高位準並且開關3330導通。根據一個實施例，流經初級繞組3310的電流3311線性地傾斜上升，並且信號3347(例如，V_cs )通過上升邊緣遮沒元件3338也線性地傾斜上升。例如，信號3347(例如，V_cs )由逐週期峰值檢測器3336接收，逐週期峰值檢測器3336檢測每個開關週期內的信號3347的峰值並且輸出峰值信號3337(對應於波形3760)，峰值信號3337表示檢測到的信號3347的峰值。在另一示例中，峰值信號3337(例如，V_c2 )由積分器3370接收，積分器3370還接收驅動信號3393(對應於波形3720)和Demag 信號3351(對應於波形3770)，並且向跨導放大器3334輸出信號3372(對應於波形3780)。As shown in Figures 33 and 37, at the rising edge of clock signal 3362 (corresponding to waveform 3730), drive signal 3393 (corresponding to waveform 3720) becomes a logic high level and switch 3330 is turned "on". According to one embodiment, the current 3311 flowing through the primary winding 3310 ramps up linearly, and the signal 3347 (eg, V _cs ) also ramps up linearly through the rising edge blanking element 3338. For example, signal 3347 (eg, V _cs ) is received by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 3336, which detects the peak of signal 3347 in each switching cycle and outputs peak signal 3337 (corresponding to waveform 3760), the peak signal 3337 represents the peak value of the detected signal 3347. In another example, peak signal 3337 (eg, V _c2 ) is received by integrator 3370, which also receives drive signal 3393 (corresponding to waveform 3720) and Demag signal 3351 (corresponding to waveform 3770), and to transconductance Amplifier 3334 outputs a signal 3372 (corresponding to waveform 3780).

根據一個實施例，跨導放大器3334還接收參考信號3335(例如V_ref )，並且作為回應，將信號3372(例如，V_c4 )與參考信號3335(例如V_ref )之間的電壓差放大並轉換為電流信號，該電流信號進而被電容器3358轉換為電壓信號3381(例如，CMP)。根據另一實施例，電壓信號3381(對應於波形3742)由比較器3382接收，比較器3382還接收斜坡信號3364(對應於波形3740)。According to one embodiment, transconductance amplifier 3334 also receives reference signal 3335 (eg, V _ref ), and in response, amplifies and converts the voltage difference between signal 3372 (eg, V _c4 ) and reference signal 3335 (eg, V _ref ) The current signal is in turn converted by capacitor 3358 into a voltage signal 3381 (eg, CMP). According to another embodiment, voltage signal 3381 (corresponding to waveform 3742) is received by comparator 3382, and comparator 3382 also receives ramp signal 3364 (corresponding to waveform 3740).

例如，電壓信號3381(例如，CMP)的大小隨著時間是恒定的。在另一示例中，比較器3382將電壓信號3381(對應於波形3742)與斜坡信號3364(對應於波形3740)相比較，並且向觸發器元件3390輸出比較信號3385。在一個實施例中，觸發器元件3390還至少接收來自振盪器3360的時鐘信號3362，並且產生信號3391。在另一實施例中，信號3391由AND閘3366接收，AND閘3366還接收時鐘信號3362並且產生調節信號3368。在又一實施例中，驅動器元件3392接收調節信號3368，並且產生驅動信號3393。For example, the magnitude of voltage signal 3381 (eg, CMP) is constant over time. In another example, comparator 3382 compares voltage signal 3381 (corresponding to waveform 3742) to ramp signal 3364 (corresponding to waveform 3740) and outputs a comparison signal 3385 to flip-flop element 3390. In one embodiment, flip-flop element 3390 also receives at least clock signal 3362 from oscillator 3360 and produces signal 3391. In another embodiment, signal 3391 is received by AND gate 3366, which also receives clock signal 3362 and produces an adjustment signal 3368. In yet another embodiment, driver component 3392 receives adjustment signal 3368 and generates drive signal 3393.

如波形3720、3740和3742所示，如果斜坡信號3364達到電壓信號3381(例如，CMP)，則驅動信號3393從邏輯高位準變為邏輯低位準並且開關3330截止。例如，當開關3330截止時，所儲存能量被遞送到電源變換系統3300的輸出並且退磁處理開始。在另一示例中，在退磁處理期間，流經次級繞組3312的電流線性地傾斜下降。As shown by waveforms 3720, 3740, and 3742, if ramp signal 3364 reaches voltage signal 3381 (eg, CMP), drive signal 3393 changes from a logic high level to a logic low level and switch 3330 turns off. For example, when the switch 3330 is turned off, the stored energy is delivered to the output of the power conversion system 3300 and the demagnetization process begins. In another example, during the demagnetization process, the current flowing through the secondary winding 3312 linearly ramps down.

如圖33所示，輔助繞組3314的輸出電壓(例如，V_aux )反映電源變換系統3300的輸出電壓(例如，V_o )，並且被電阻器3320和3322轉換為回饋信號3343(例如，V_FB )。例如，回饋信號3343(例如，V_FB )由退磁檢測元件3350接收，退磁檢測元件3350將回饋信號3343(例如，V_FB )與閾值信號(例如，0.1V)相比較。As shown in FIG. 33, the output voltage of the auxiliary winding 3314 (eg, V _aux ) reflects the output voltage (eg, V _o ) of the power conversion system 3300 and is converted by the resistors 3320 and 3322 into a feedback signal 3343 (eg, V _{FB ).} ). For example, feedback signal 3343 (eg, V _FB ) is received by demagnetization detecting component 3350, which derivatizes feedback signal 3343 (eg, V _FB ) with a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V).

根據一個實施例，當回饋信號3343(例如，V_FB )上升到閾值信號(例如，0.1V)以上時，Demag 信號3351變為邏輯高位準，其指示退磁處理的開始，如波形3770所示。根據另一實施例，當回饋信號3343(例如，V_FB )下降到閾值信號(例如，0.1V)以下時，Demag 信號3351變為邏輯低位準，其指示退磁處理的結束。例如，當流經次級繞組3312的電流下降到幾乎為零時，退磁處理結束。在另一示例中，在退磁處理結束之後，電源變換系統3300進入諧振振盪狀態，並且回饋信號3343(例如，V_FB )近似為正弦波。根據又一實施例，如波形3720和3730所示，在時鐘信號3362的下一上升邊緣處，驅動信號3393再次變為邏輯高位準並且開關3330再次導通。According to one embodiment, when the feedback signal 3343 (eg, V _FB ) rises above a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V), the Demag signal 3351 becomes a logic high level that indicates the beginning of the demagnetization process, as shown by waveform 3770. According to another embodiment, when the feedback signal 3343 (eg, V _FB ) falls below a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V), the Demag signal 3351 becomes a logic low level indicating the end of the demagnetization process. For example, when the current flowing through the secondary winding 3312 drops to almost zero, the demagnetization process ends. In another example, after the demagnetization process ends, the power conversion system 3300 enters a resonant oscillation state, and the feedback signal 3343 (eg, V _FB ) is approximately a sine wave. According to yet another embodiment, as shown by waveforms 3720 and 3730, at the next rising edge of clock signal 3362, drive signal 3393 again becomes a logic high level and switch 3330 is again turned "on".

在一個實施例中，AC輸入信號3315被轉換為經整流的輸入信號3313(例如，V_in )，如下： In one embodiment, the AC input signal 3315 is converted to a rectified input signal 3313 (eg, V _in ) as follows:

其中，V_in 表示經整流的輸入信號3313。另外，V_rms 表示AC輸入信號3315的均方根大小，並且T_AC 表示AC輸入信號3315的週期。例如，T_AC 等於20ms。Wherein V _in represents the rectified input signal 3313. In addition, V _rms represents the root mean square size of the AC input signal 3315, and T _AC represents the period of the AC input signal 3315. For example, T _AC is equal to 20ms.

在另一示例中，峰值信號3337為 In another example, the peak signal 3337 is

其中，V_c2 表示峰值信號3337。另外，t_on 表示驅動信號3393的脈寬，並且R_s 表示電阻器3324的電阻值。此外，L_p 表示初級繞組3310的電感。Where V _c2 represents the peak signal 3337. In addition, t _on represents the pulse width of the drive signal 3393, and R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 3324. Further, L _p represents the inductance of the primary winding 3310.

在又一示例中，基於等式42，信號3372等於 In yet another example, based on equation 42, signal 3372 is equal to

其中，V_c4 表示信號3372，並且T_Demag 表示每個開關週期內的退磁處理的持續時間。另外，R₃ 表示電阻器3470的電阻值，並且C₃ 表示電容器3440的電容值。此外，V_{cs_pk} 表示信號3347的峰值，其例如等於V_c2 。Where V _c4 represents the signal 3372 and T _Demag represents the duration of the demagnetization process in each switching cycle. In addition, R ₃ represents the resistance value of the resistor 3470, and C ₃ represents the capacitance value of the capacitor 3440. Furthermore, V _{cs — pk} represents the peak value of signal 3347, which is for example equal to V _c2 .

在又一示例中，如圖33所示，信號3372被平均並且使得信號3372的平均值等於參考信號3335。根據一個實施例，如果In yet another example, as shown in FIG. 33, signal 3372 is averaged and the average of signal 3372 is equal to reference signal 3335. According to an embodiment, if

其中，g_m 是跨導放大器3334的跨導值，並且C_cmp 是電容器3358的電容值。另外，T表示積分週期，並且K是遠大於1的正整數。例如，T等於或大於T_AC 。在另一示例中，K不小於3。在又一示例中，K等於3、5、6、10或20。在又一示例中，跨導放大器3334的頻寬遠小於AC輸入信號3315的頻率。此外，V_{c4_ave} 表示信號3372的平均值，並且V_ref 表示參考信號3335。Wherein, g _m is the transconductance of transconductance amplifier 3334, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C _cmp 3358. In addition, T represents an integration period, and K is a positive integer much larger than one. For example, T is equal to or greater than T _AC . In another example, K is not less than 3. In yet another example, K is equal to 3, 5, 6, 10, or 20. In yet another example, the transconductance amplifier 3334 has a bandwidth that is much smaller than the frequency of the AC input signal 3315. Further, V _{c4 — ave} represents the average value of the signal 3372, and V _ref represents the reference signal 3335.

根據另一實施例，組合等式47和49，可以獲得下式：According to another embodiment, combining equations 47 and 49, the following equation can be obtained:

根據又一實施例，基於等式44，電源變換系統3300以固定開關頻率操作，則According to yet another embodiment, based on equation 44, power conversion system 3300 operates at a fixed switching frequency, then

其中，I₀ 表示開關模式電源變換系統3300的輸出電流，並且N表示初級繞組3310與次級繞組3312之間的匝數比。另外，R_s 表示電阻器3324的電阻值，其是常數。此外，T_s 表示電源變換系統3300的開關週期，其是等於1/F _sw 的常數。Wherein I ₀ represents the output current of the switched mode power conversion system 3300, and N represents the turns ratio between the primary winding 3310 and the secondary winding 3312. In addition, R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 3324, which is a constant. Further, T _s represents the switching period of the power conversion system 3300, which is a constant equal to 1/ F _sw .

根據又一實施例，將等式44和50與等式51組合，可以獲得下式：According to a further embodiment, combining equations 44 and 50 with equation 51, the following equation can be obtained:

例如，基於等式54，由於K₀ ,V_ref ,R_s 和N都是常數，因此輸出電流I_o 是恒定的。在另一示例中，電源變換系統3300意圖使和T _s 保持恒定，以便使輸出電流I_o 保持恒定。在一個實施例中，通過至少滿足等式48來使保持恒定。在另一實施例中，通過至少滿足等式44來使T _s 保持恒定。For example, based on Equation 54, since K ₀ , V _ref , R _s and N are both constant, the output current I _o is constant. In another example, power conversion system 3300 is intended to And T _{s are} kept constant to keep the output current I _o constant. In one embodiment, by satisfying at least equation 48 keep constant. In another embodiment, it is kept constant by making T _s satisfying the equation of at least 44.

如圖33所示，在一個實施例中，經整流的輸入電壓3313(例如，V_in )由下式確定As shown in FIG. 33, in one embodiment, the rectified input voltage 3313 (eg, V _in ) is determined by

在另一實施例中，流經初級繞組3310的電流3311的峰值由下式確定In another embodiment, the peak value of the current 3311 flowing through the primary winding 3310 is determined by the following equation

其中，I_p 表示電流3311的峰值，並且L_p 表示初級繞組3310的電感。另外，t_on 表示驅動信號3393的脈寬。Where I _p represents the peak value of the current 3311, and L _p represents the inductance of the primary winding 3310. In addition, t _on represents the pulse width of the drive signal 3393.

圖38是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統3300的某些電流的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。38 is a simplified timing diagram of certain currents of a switched mode power conversion system 3300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

例如，波形3810表示作為時間的函數的電流3311，並且波形3820表示作為時間的函數的經整流的輸入電流3317(例如，I_in )。在另一示例中，經整流的輸入電流3317(例如，I_in )對應於如圖33所示的經整流的輸入電壓3313(例如，V_in )。For example, waveform 3810 represents the current as a function of time 3311 and the waveform 3820 represents the input current as a function of the rectified time 3317 (e.g., I _in). In another example, the rectified input current 3317 (eg, I _in ) corresponds to a rectified input voltage 3313 (eg, V _in ) as shown in FIG.

如圖38所示，在一個實施例中，經整流的輸入電流3317(例如，I_in )為As shown, in one embodiment, the rectified current via the input 3317 (e.g., I _in) Embodiment 38

其中，I_in 表示經整流的輸入電流3317。在另一實施例中，組合等式56與等式57，可以獲得：Wherein I _in represents the rectified input current 3317. In another embodiment, combining Equation 56 with Equation 57, it is possible to obtain:

在又一實施例中，In yet another embodiment,

其中，V_cmp 表示信號3381。另外，V_ref2 和V_ref3 是分別表示參考信號3620和3630的常數。例如，基於等式59，如果滿足等式48，則t_on 在AC輸入信號3315的至少一個週期內是恒定的，並且因此，V_cmp 在AC輸入信號3315的至少一個週期內是恒定的。Where V _cmp represents the signal 3381. In addition, V _ref2 and V _ref3 are constants representing reference signals 3620 and 3630, respectively. For example, based on Equation 59, if equation 48 is satisfied, then t _on is constant for at least one period of AC input signal 3315, and thus, V _cmp is constant for at least one period of AC input signal 3315.

則，根據等式58，Then, according to equation 58,

I _in =M ×V _in 　(61) I _in = M × V _in (61)

根據一個實施例，如圖38所示，基於等式44，電源變換系統3300的開關週期T_s 是恒定的；因此，M在AC輸入信號3315的至少一個週期內也是正整數，並且電源變換系統3300的功率因數(PF)等於1或者基本上等於1。例如，電源變換系統3300的功率因數(PF)等於或大於0.9。根據另一實施例，通過至少滿足等式44和48，電源變換系統3300的功率因數(PF)接近於1。According to one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 38, based on Equation 44, the power conversion system switching period T _s 3300 is constant; therefore the power conversion system, M is a positive integer at least one cycle of the AC input signal 3315, and The power factor (PF) of the 3300 is equal to 1 or substantially equal to one. For example, the power conversion system 3300 has a power factor (PF) equal to or greater than 0.9. According to another embodiment, the power factor (PF) of the power conversion system 3300 is close to 1 by satisfying at least Equations 44 and 48.

如上所述並在此強調，圖33僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統3300包括用於將AC輸入信號3315轉換為由初級繞組3310接收的DC信號的一個或多個大容量電容器，如圖39所示。As noted above and emphasized herein, FIG. 33 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 3300 includes one or more bulk capacitors for converting AC input signal 3315 into a DC signal received by primary winding 3310, as shown in FIG.

圖39是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。39 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

例如，除了電源變換系統3900還包括電容器3910和3920、電阻器3930以及電感器3940以外，電源變換系統3900與電源變換系統3300相同。在另一示例中，電容器3910和3920、電阻器3930以及電感器3940用來將AC輸入信號3915轉換為DC輸入信號3913(例如，V_in )。For example, power conversion system 3900 is identical to power conversion system 3300 except that power conversion system 3900 also includes capacitors 3910 and 3920, resistor 3930, and inductor 3940. In another example, capacitors 3910 and 3920, resistor 3930, and inductor 3940 are used to convert AC input signal 3915 to DC input signal 3913 (eg, V _in ).

參考圖33和圖39，根據一個實施例，電源變換系統3900可以在功率因數等於1或基本上等於1的情況下獲得恒定的輸出電流。例如，電源變換系統3900的功率因數(PF)等於或大於0.9。根據另一實施例，電源變換系統3300被用來向一個或多個發光二極體提供功率，如圖40所示。Referring to Figures 33 and 39, according to one embodiment, power conversion system 3900 can obtain a constant output current with a power factor equal to one or substantially equal to one. For example, the power conversion system 3900 has a power factor (PF) equal to or greater than 0.9. According to another embodiment, power conversion system 3300 is used to provide power to one or more of the light emitting diodes, as shown in FIG.

圖40是根據本發明又一實施例用於向發光二極體供電的開關模式電源變換系統3300的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統3300被用來向一個或多個發光二極體4010提供功率。40 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 3300 for powering a light emitting diode in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 3300 is used to provide power to one or more light emitting diodes 4010.

圖41是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。41 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

電源變換系統4100包括初級繞組4110、次級繞組4112、輔助繞組4114、電阻器4120、4122、4124、4126和4128、開關4130、跨導放大器4134、逐週期峰值檢測器4136、上升邊緣遮沒元件4138、退磁檢測元件4150、振盪器4160、AND閘4166、電容器4158、積分器4170、比較器4182、乘法器4184、觸發器元件4190、以及驅動元件4192。The power conversion system 4100 includes a primary winding 4110, a secondary winding 4112, an auxiliary winding 4114, resistors 4120, 4122, 4124, 4126, and 4128, a switch 4130, a transconductance amplifier 4134, a cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4136, and a rising edge occluding component. 4138, demagnetization detecting element 4150, oscillator 4160, AND gate 4166, capacitor 4158, integrator 4170, comparator 4182, multiplier 4184, flip-flop element 4190, and drive element 4192.

例如，跨導放大器4134、逐週期峰值檢測器4136、上升邊緣遮沒元件4138、退磁檢測元件4150、振盪器4160、AND閘4166、積分器4170、比較器4182、乘法器4184、觸發器元件4190以及驅動元件4192位於晶片4140上。在另一示例中，晶片4140至少包括端子4142、4144、4146、4148和4149。在又一示例中，系統4100是開關模式返馳式電源變換系統。For example, transconductance amplifier 4134, cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4136, rising edge blanking element 4138, demagnetization detecting element 4150, oscillator 4160, AND gate 4166, integrator 4170, comparator 4182, multiplier 4184, flip-flop element 4190 And the driving element 4192 is located on the wafer 4140. In another example, wafer 4140 includes at least terminals 4142, 4144, 4146, 4148, and 4149. In yet another example, system 4100 is a switch mode flyback power conversion system.

在又一示例中，退磁檢測元件4150與如圖22所示的退磁檢測元件2150相同。在又一示例中，逐週期峰值檢測器4136與如圖30所示的逐週期峰值檢測器2836相同。在又一示例中，積分器4170與如圖34所示的積分器3370相同。在又一示例中，振盪器4160與如圖36所示的振盪器3360相同。在又一示例中，積分器4170是在每個開關週期之後(例如，在每個開關週期內的退磁處理結束時)被重置的逐週期積分器。In still another example, the demagnetization detecting element 4150 is the same as the demagnetization detecting element 2150 as shown in FIG. In yet another example, the cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4136 is identical to the cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836 shown in FIG. In yet another example, the integrator 4170 is the same as the integrator 3370 shown in FIG. In yet another example, the oscillator 4160 is identical to the oscillator 3360 shown in FIG. In yet another example, the integrator 4170 is a cycle-by-cycle integrator that is reset after each switching cycle (eg, at the end of the demagnetization process within each switching cycle).

圖42是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統4100的簡化時序圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。42 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 4100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

如圖42所示，波形4210表示作為時間的函數的輸入信號4113(例如，V_in )，並且波形4220表示作為時間的函數的驅動信號4193，並且波形4230表示作為時間的函數的時鐘信號4162。另外，波形4240表示作為時間的函數的信號4183(例如，MULT)，並且波形4242表示作為時間的函數的信號4181(例如，CMP)。此外，波形4250表示作為時間的函數的感測信號4147(例如，V_cs )，並且波形4260表示作為時間的函數的峰值信號4137(例如，V_c2 )，並且波形4262表示作為時間的函數的信號4185。此外，波形4270表示作為時間的函數的Demag 信號4151，並且波形4280表示作為時間的函數的信號4172。As shown in FIG. 42, waveform 4210 represents input signal 4113 (eg, V _in ) as a function of time, and waveform 4220 represents drive signal 4193 as a function of time, and waveform 4230 represents clock signal 4162 as a function of time. Additionally, waveform 4240 represents signal 4183 (eg, MULT) as a function of time, and waveform 4242 represents signal 4181 (eg, CMP) as a function of time. Moreover, waveform 4250 represents sensed signal 4147 (eg, V _cs ) as a function of time, and waveform 4260 represents peak signal 4137 (eg, V _c2 ) as a function of time, and waveform 4262 represents a signal as a function of time 4185. In addition, waveform 4270 represents Demag signal 4151 as a function of time, and waveform 4280 represents signal 4172 as a function of time.

如圖41和圖42所示，在信號4162(對應於波形4230)的上升邊緣處，驅動信號4193(對應於波形4220)變為邏輯高位準並且開關4130導通。根據一個實施例，流經初級繞組4110的電流4111線性地傾斜上升，並且信號4147(例如，V_cs )通過上升邊緣遮沒元件4138也線性地傾斜上升。例如，信號4147(例如，V_cs )由逐週期峰值檢測器4136接收，逐週期峰值檢測器4136檢測每個開關週期內的信號4147的峰值並且輸出峰值信號4137(對應於波形4260)，峰值信號4137表示檢測到的信號4147的峰值。在另一示例中，峰值信號4137(例如，V_c2 )由積分器4170接收，積分器4170還接收驅動信號4193(對應於波形4220)和Demag 信號4151(對應於波形4270)，並且向跨導放大器4134輸出信號4172(對應於波形4280)。As shown in FIGS. 41 and 42, at the rising edge of signal 4162 (corresponding to waveform 4230), drive signal 4193 (corresponding to waveform 4220) becomes a logic high level and switch 4130 is turned "on". According to one embodiment, the current 4111 flowing through the primary winding 4110 ramps up linearly, and the signal 4147 (eg, V _cs ) also ramps up linearly through the rising edge blanking element 4138. For example, signal 4147 (eg, V _cs ) is received by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4136, which detects the peak of signal 4147 during each switching cycle and outputs a peak signal 4137 (corresponding to waveform 4260), the peak signal 4137 represents the peak value of the detected signal 4147. In another example, peak signal 4137 (eg, V _c2 ) is received by integrator 4170, which also receives drive signal 4193 (corresponding to waveform 4220) and Demag signal 4151 (corresponding to waveform 4270), and is transconducted Amplifier 4134 outputs a signal 4172 (corresponding to waveform 4280).

根據一個實施例，跨導放大器4134還接收參考信號4135(例如V_ref )，並且作為回應，將信號4172(例如，V_c4 )與參考信號4135(例如V_ref )之間的電壓差放大並轉換為電流信號，該電流信號進而被電容器4158轉換為電壓信號4181(例如，CMP)。例如，電壓信號4181(例如，CMP)在大小上隨著時間是恒定的。在另一示例中，電壓信號4181(對應於波形4242)由乘法器4184接收，乘法器4184還接收信號4183(對應於波形 4240)。在又一示例中，信號4183通過電阻器4126和4128而與輸入信號4113(例如，V_in )成比例。According to one embodiment, transconductance amplifier 4134 also receives reference signal 4135 (eg, V _ref ), and in response, amplifies and converts the voltage difference between signal 4172 (eg, V _c4 ) and reference signal 4135 (eg, V _ref ) The current signal is in turn converted by capacitor 4158 into a voltage signal 4181 (eg, CMP). For example, voltage signal 4181 (eg, CMP) is constant in magnitude over time. In another example, voltage signal 4181 (corresponding to waveform 4242) is received by multiplier 4184, and multiplier 4184 also receives signal 4183 (corresponding to waveform 4240). In yet another example, signal 4183 is proportional to input signal 4113 (eg, V _in ) by resistors 4126 and 4128.

根據另一實施例，乘法器4184作為回應向比較器4182輸出信號4185(對應於波形4262)，比較器4182還接收感測信號4147(對應於波形4250)。例如，比較器4182將信號4185(對應於波形4262)與感測信號4147(對應於波形4250)相比較，並且向觸發器元件4190輸出比較信號4187。在一個實施例中，觸發器元件4190還至少接收來自振盪器4160的時鐘信號4162，並且產生信號4191。在另一實施例中，信號4191由AND閘4166接收，AND閘4166還接收時鐘信號4162並且產生調節信號4168。在又一實施例中，驅動器元件4192接收調節信號4168，並且產生驅動信號4193。In accordance with another embodiment, multiplier 4184 in response outputs a signal 4185 (corresponding to waveform 4262) to comparator 4182, which also receives sense signal 4147 (corresponding to waveform 4250). For example, comparator 4182 compares signal 4185 (corresponding to waveform 4262) to sensed signal 4147 (corresponding to waveform 4250) and outputs a comparison signal 4187 to flip-flop element 4190. In one embodiment, flip-flop element 4190 also receives at least clock signal 4162 from oscillator 4160 and produces signal 4191. In another embodiment, signal 4191 is received by AND gate 4166, which also receives clock signal 4162 and generates adjustment signal 4168. In yet another embodiment, driver element 4192 receives adjustment signal 4168 and generates drive signal 4193.

如波形4220、4250和4262所示，如果信號4147達到信號4185，則驅動信號4193從邏輯高位準變為邏輯低位準並且開關4130截止。例如，當開關4130截止時，所儲存能量被遞送到電源變換系統4100的輸出並且退磁處理開始。在另一示例中，在退磁處理期間，流經次級繞組4112的電流線性地傾斜下降。As shown by waveforms 4220, 4250, and 4262, if signal 4147 reaches signal 4185, drive signal 4193 changes from a logic high level to a logic low level and switch 4130 turns off. For example, when the switch 4130 is turned off, the stored energy is delivered to the output of the power conversion system 4100 and the demagnetization process begins. In another example, during the demagnetization process, the current flowing through the secondary winding 4112 decreases linearly.

如圖41所示，輔助繞組4114的輸出電壓(例如，V_aux )反映電源變換系統4100的輸出電壓(例如，V_o )，並且被電阻器4120和4122轉換為回饋信號4143(例如，V_FB )。例如，回饋信號4143(例如，V_FB )由退磁檢測元件4150接收，退磁檢測元件4150將回饋信號4143(例如，V_FB )與閾值信號(例如，0.1V)相比較。As shown in FIG. 41, the output voltage (eg, V _aux ) of the auxiliary winding 4114 reflects the output voltage (eg, V _o ) of the power conversion system 4100 and is converted by the resistors 4120 and 4122 into a feedback signal 4143 (eg, V _{FB ).} ). For example, the feedback signal 4143 (eg, V _FB ) is received by the demagnetization detecting element 4150, which compares the feedback signal 4143 (eg, V _FB ) with a threshold signal (eg, 0.1 V).

根據一個實施例，當回饋信號4143(例如，V_FB )上升到閾值信號(例如，0.1V)以上時，Demag 信號4151變為邏輯高位準，其指示退磁處理的開始，如波形4270所示。根據另一實施例，當回饋信號4143(例如，V_FB )下降到閾值信號(例如，0.1V)以下時，Demag 信號4151變為邏輯低位準，其指示退磁處理的結束。例如，當流經次級繞組4112的電流下降到幾乎為零時，退磁處理結束。在另一示例中，在退磁處理結束之後，電源變換系統4100進入諧振振盪狀態，並且回饋信號4143(例如，V_FB )近似為正弦波。根據又一實施例，如波形4220和4230所示，在時鐘信號 4162的下一上升邊緣處，驅動信號4193再次變為邏輯高位準並且開關4130再次導通。According to one embodiment, when the feedback signal 4143 (eg, V _FB ) rises above a threshold signal (eg, 0.1V), the Demag signal 4151 becomes a logic high level that indicates the beginning of the demagnetization process, as shown by waveform 4270. According to another embodiment, when the feedback signal 4143 (eg, V _FB ) falls below a threshold signal (eg, 0.1V), the Demag signal 4151 becomes a logic low level, which indicates the end of the demagnetization process. For example, when the current flowing through the secondary winding 4112 drops to almost zero, the demagnetization process ends. In another example, after the demagnetization process ends, the power conversion system 4100 enters a resonant oscillation state, and the feedback signal 4143 (eg, V _FB ) is approximately a sine wave. According to yet another embodiment, as shown by waveforms 4220 and 4230, at the next rising edge of clock signal 4162, drive signal 4193 again becomes a logic high level and switch 4130 turns "on" again.

在一個實施例中，如圖41所示，輸出電流為 In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 41, the output current is

其中，I₀ 表示開關模式電源變換系統4100的輸出電流。另外，N是表示初級繞組4110與次級繞組4112之間的匝數比的常數。此外，R_s 表示電阻器4124的電阻值，並且V_ref 表示參考信號4135，R_s 和V_ref 都是恒定的。此外，K₀ 是常數。Where I ₀ represents the output current of the switched mode power conversion system 4100. Further, N is a constant indicating a turns ratio between the primary winding 4110 and the secondary winding 4112. Further, R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 4124, and V _ref represents the reference signal 4135, and both R _s and V _ref are constant. Further, K ₀ is a constant.

例如，為了獲得等式62，電源變換系統4100以固定開關頻率操作，並且 For example, to obtain equation 62, power conversion system 4100 operates at a fixed switching frequency, and

其中，g_m 是跨導放大器4134的跨導值，並且C_cmp 是電容器4158的電容值。另外，T_AC 表示AC輸入信號4115的週期，並且K是遠大於1的正整數。例如，K不小於3。在另一示例中，K等於3、5、6、10或20。在又一示例中，跨導放大器4134的頻寬遠小於AC輸入信號4115的頻率。Wherein, g _m is the transconductance of transconductance amplifier 4134, and the capacitance value of the capacitor C _cmp of 4158. In addition, T _AC represents the period of the AC input signal 4115, and K is a positive integer much greater than one. For example, K is not less than 3. In another example, K is equal to 3, 5, 6, 10, or 20. In yet another example, the transconductance amplifier 4134 has a bandwidth that is much smaller than the frequency of the AC input signal 4115.

在又一示例中，基於等式62，由於K₀ ,V_ref ,R_s 和N都是常數，因此輸出電流I_o 是恒定的。在另一示例中，電源變換系統4100意圖使和T _s 保持恒定，以便使輸出電流I_o 保持恒定。I表示積分週期。例如，T等於或大於T_AC 。在一個實施例中，通過至少滿足等式63 來使保持恒定。在另一實施例中，通過振盪器3360來使T _s 保持恒定。In yet another example, based on Equation 62, since K ₀ , V _ref , R _{s ,} and N are both constants, the output current I _o is constant. In another example, power conversion system 4100 is intended to And T _{s are} kept constant to keep the output current I _o constant. I represents the integration period. For example, T is equal to or greater than T _AC . In one embodiment, by satisfying at least Equation 63 keep constant. In another embodiment, T _s to make the oscillator 3360 is kept constant by.

如圖41所示，在一個實施例中，信號4185被確定為如下： As shown in Figure 41, in one embodiment, signal 4185 is determined as follows:

其中，V_{cs_pk} 表示感測信號4147的峰值，並且V_mp 表示信號4185。另外，α是乘法器4184的恒定係數。此外，V_cmp 表示信號4181，並且V_mult 表示信號4183。此外，R₃ 和R₄ 分別表示電阻器4126和4128的電阻值，並且V_in 表示經整流輸入電壓4113。Where V _{cs_pk} represents the peak value of the sensing signal 4147 and V _mp represents the signal 4185. In addition, α is a constant coefficient of the multiplier 4184. Further, V _cmp represents signal 4181, and V _mult represents signal 4183. Further, R ₃ and R ₄ represent the resistance values of the resistors 4126 and 4128, respectively, and V _in represents the rectified input voltage 4113.

在另一示例中，感測信號4147的峰值為 In another example, the peak value of the sensed signal 4147 is

其中，t_on 表示驅動信號4193的脈寬，並且R_s 表示電阻器4124的電阻值。另外，L_p 表示初級繞組4110的電感。Wherein t _on represents the pulse width of the drive signal 4193, and R _s represents the resistance value of the resistor 4124. In addition, L _p represents the inductance of the primary winding 4110.

組合等式64和65，可以獲得下式： By combining equations 64 and 65, the following equation can be obtained:

例如，基於等式66，如果滿足等式63，則t_on 在AC輸入信號4115的至少一個週期內是恒定的，並且因此，V_cmp 在AC輸入信號4115的至少一個週期內是恒定的。For example, based on equation 66, if equation 63 is satisfied, then t _on is constant for at least one period of AC input signal 4115, and thus, V _cmp is constant for at least one period of AC input signal 4115.

在另一示例中，如圖41所示，與經整流的輸入電壓4113(例如，V_in )相對應的經整流輸入電流4117(例如，I_in )為 In another example, shown in Figure 41, the input rectified voltage 4113 (e.g., V _in) corresponding to the rectified input current 4117 (e.g., I _in) to

其中，I_in 表示經整流的輸入電流4117，並且T_s 表示電源變換系統4100的開關週期。Wherein, I _in represents the rectified input current 4117, and T _s represents the switching period of the power conversion system 4100.

如果 in case

則，根據等式67，I _in =M ×V _in (69)Then, according to Equation 67, I _in = M × V _in (69)

根據一個實施例，如圖41所示，電源變換系統4100的開關週期T_s 是恒定的，並且t_on 在AC輸入信號4115的至少一個週期內是恒定的；因此，M在AC輸入信號4115的至少一個週期內也是正整數，並且電源變換系統4100的功率因數(PF)等於1或者基本上等於1。例如，電源變換系統4100的功率因數(PF)等於或大於0.9。根據另一實施例，通過至少使開關頻率保持恒定並且滿足等式63，電源變換系統4100的功率因數(PF)等於1或者基本上等於1。According to one embodiment, shown in Figure 41, a switching power conversion system 4100 is constant period T _s, and constant t _on at least one cycle of the AC input signal 4115; therefore, the AC input signal M 4115 The positive power is also a positive integer for at least one cycle, and the power factor (PF) of the power conversion system 4100 is equal to one or substantially equal to one. For example, the power conversion system 4100 has a power factor (PF) equal to or greater than 0.9. According to another embodiment, the power factor (PF) of the power conversion system 4100 is equal to 1 or substantially equal to 1 by at least keeping the switching frequency constant and satisfying Equation 63.

如上所述並在此強調，圖41僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統4100包括用於將AC輸入信號4115轉換為由初級繞組4110接收的DC信號的一個或多個大容量電容器。As noted above and emphasized herein, FIG. 41 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 4100 includes one or more bulk capacitors for converting AC input signal 4115 into a DC signal received by primary winding 4110.

參考圖41，根據一個實施例，電源變換系統4100可以在功率因數等於1或基本上等於1的情況下獲得恒定的輸出電流。根據另一實施例，電源變換系統4100被用來向一個或多個發光二極體提供功率，如圖43所示。Referring to FIG. 41, according to one embodiment, power conversion system 4100 can obtain a constant output current with a power factor equal to one or substantially equal to one. According to another embodiment, power conversion system 4100 is used to provide power to one or more of the light emitting diodes, as shown in FIG.

圖43是根據本發明又一實施例用於向發光二極體供電的開關模式電源變換系統4100的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統4100被用來向一個或多個發光二極體4310提供功率。43 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 4100 for powering a light emitting diode in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 4100 is used to provide power to one or more light emitting diodes 4310.

圖44是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。44 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications.

電源變換系統4400包括初級繞組4410、次級繞組4412、輔助繞組4414、電阻器4420、4422和4424、開關4426、放大器4428、開關4430、跨導放大器4434、逐週期峰值檢測器4436、上升邊緣遮沒元件4438、退磁檢測元件4450、振盪器4460、AND閘4466、電容器4458、積分器4470、比較器4482、乘法器4484、觸發器元件4490、以及驅動元件4492。The power conversion system 4400 includes a primary winding 4410, a secondary winding 4412, an auxiliary winding 4414, resistors 4420, 4422, and 4424, a switch 4426, an amplifier 4428, a switch 4430, a transconductance amplifier 4434, a cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4436, and a rising edge cover. There are no component 4438, demagnetization detecting component 4450, oscillator 4460, AND gate 4466, capacitor 4458, integrator 4470, comparator 4482, multiplier 4484, flip-flop component 4490, and drive component 4492.

例如，跨導放大器4434、逐週期峰值檢測器4436、上升邊緣遮沒元件4438、退磁檢測元件4450、振盪器4460、AND閘4466、積分器4470、比較器4482、乘法器4484、觸發器元件4490以及驅動元件4492位於晶片4440上。在另一示例中，晶片4440至少包括端子4442、4444、4446和4448。在又一示例中，系統4400是開關模式返馳式電源變換系統。在又一示例中，積分器4470是在每個開關週期之後(例如，在每個開關週期內的退磁處理結束時)被重置的逐週期積分器。For example, transconductance amplifier 4434, cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4436, rising edge blanking element 4438, demagnetization detecting element 4450, oscillator 4460, AND gate 4466, integrator 4470, comparator 4482, multiplier 4484, flip-flop element 4490 And the drive element 4492 is located on the wafer 4440. In another example, wafer 4440 includes at least terminals 4442, 4444, 4446, and 4448. In yet another example, system 4400 is a switch mode flyback power conversion system. In yet another example, integrator 4470 is a cycle-by-cycle integrator that is reset after each switching cycle (eg, at the end of the demagnetization process within each switching cycle).

根據一個實施例，初級繞組4410、次級繞組4412、輔助繞組4414、電阻器4420、4422和4424、開關4430、跨導放大器4434、逐週期峰值檢測器4436、上升邊緣遮沒元件4438、退磁檢測元件4450、振盪器4460、 AND閘4466、電容器4458、積分器4470、比較器4482、觸發器元件4490、以及驅動元件4492分別與如下元件相同：初級繞組4110、次級繞組4112、輔助繞組4114、電阻器4120、4122和4124、開關4130、跨導放大器4134、逐週期峰值檢測器4136、上升邊緣遮沒元件4138、退磁檢測元件4150、振盪器4160、AND閘4166、電容器4158、積分器4170、比較器4182、觸發器元件4190、以及驅動元件4192。According to one embodiment, primary winding 4410, secondary winding 4412, auxiliary winding 4414, resistors 4420, 4422, and 4424, switch 4430, transconductance amplifier 4434, cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4436, rising edge blanking element 4438, demagnetization detection Element 4450, oscillator 4460, The AND gate 4466, the capacitor 4458, the integrator 4470, the comparator 4482, the flip-flop element 4490, and the drive element 4492 are respectively identical to the following elements: primary winding 4110, secondary winding 4112, auxiliary winding 4114, resistors 4120, 4122, and 4124 Switch 4130, transconductance amplifier 4134, cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4136, rising edge blanking element 4138, demagnetization detecting element 4150, oscillator 4160, AND gate 4166, capacitor 4158, integrator 4170, comparator 4182, flip-flop element 4190, and drive element 4192.

根據另一實施例，開關4430由驅動信號4493控制。例如，如果驅動信號4493為邏輯高位準，則開關4430閉合。在另一實施例中，當開關4493閉合時，回饋信號4443(例如，V_FB )通過放大器4428(例如，運算放大器)被鉗位到地位準。在又一示例中，回饋信號4443(例如，V_FB )被設置為零，並且電流信號4483由下式確定 According to another embodiment, the switch 4430 is controlled by the drive signal 4493. For example, if drive signal 4493 is at a logic high level, switch 4430 is closed. In another embodiment, when switch 4493 is closed, feedback signal 4443 (eg, V _FB ) is clamped to a potential by amplifier 4428 (eg, an operational amplifier). In yet another example, the feedback signal 4443 (eg, V _FB ) is set to zero, and the current signal 4484 is determined by

其中，I_FB 表示電流信號4483。另外，V_in 表示經整流的輸入電壓4413，並且V_aux 表示輔助電壓4419。此外，N_aux 是輔助繞組4414的匝數，並且N_p 是初級繞組4410的匝數。此外，R₁ 表示電阻器4420的電阻值。Where I _FB represents the current signal 4484. In addition, V _in represents the rectified input voltage 4413, and V _aux represents the auxiliary voltage 4419. Further, N _aux is the number of turns of the auxiliary winding 4414, and N _p is the number of turns of the primary winding 4410. Further, R ₁ represents the resistance value of the resistor 4420.

在又一示例中，基於等式70，電流信號4483與經整流輸入電壓4413成比例，如下： In yet another example, based on equation 70, current signal 4484 is proportional to rectified input voltage 4413 as follows:

根據又一實施例，電流信號4483由乘法器4484接收，乘法器4484還接收電壓信號4481並且向比較器4482輸出信號4485。例如，信號4485由下式確定：V _mo =b ×V _cmp ×I _FB (72)According to yet another embodiment, current signal 4484 is received by multiplier 4484, which also receives voltage signal 4481 and outputs signal 4485 to comparator 4482. For example, signal 4485 is determined by: V _mo = b × V _cmp × I _FB (72)

其中，V_mo 表示信號4485。另外，V_cmp 表示電壓信號4481，並且b是乘法器4484的恒定係數。Where V _mo represents the signal 4485. In addition, V _cmp represents a voltage signal 4481, and b is a constant coefficient of the multiplier 4484.

在另一示例中，將等式72與等式64相組合可以看出，信號4485與信號4185類似並且與電壓信號4481和經整流的輸入電壓4413的積成比例，如下： In another example, combining Equation 72 with Equation 64, it can be seen that signal 4485 is similar to signal 4185 and is proportional to the product of voltage signal 4481 and rectified input voltage 4413, as follows:

根據一個實施例，電源變換系統4400意圖使和T _s 保持恒定，以便使輸出電流I_o 保持恒定。例如，通過至少滿足等式63來使保持恒定。在另一示例中，通過振盪器4460來使T _s 保持恒定。According to one embodiment, the power conversion system 4400 is intended to And T _{s are} kept constant to keep the output current I _o constant. For example, by satisfying at least Equation 63 keep constant. In another example, to make the T _s by the oscillator 4460 is kept constant.

根據另一實施例，如至少等式73所示，通過至少使開關頻率保持恒定並且滿足等式63，電源變換系統4400的功率因數(PF)等於1或者基本上等於1。例如，電源變換系統4400的功率因數(PF)等於或大於0.9。According to another embodiment, the power factor (PF) of the power conversion system 4400 is equal to 1 or substantially equal to 1 by at least keeping the switching frequency constant and satisfying Equation 63, as shown by at least Equation 73. For example, the power conversion system 4400 has a power factor (PF) equal to or greater than 0.9.

如上所述並在此強調，圖44僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統4400包括用於將AC輸入信號4415轉換為由初級繞組4410接收的DC信號的一個或多個大容量電容器。As noted above and emphasized herein, FIG. 44 is merely an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed scope. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 4400 includes one or more bulk capacitors for converting AC input signal 4415 into a DC signal received by primary winding 4410.

參考圖44，根據一個實施例，電源變換系統4400可以在功率因數等於1或基本上等於1的情況下獲得恒定的輸出電流。根據另一實施例，電源變換系統4400被用來向一個或多個發光二極體提供功率，如圖45所示。Referring to FIG. 44, according to one embodiment, power conversion system 4400 can obtain a constant output current with a power factor equal to one or substantially equal to one. According to another embodiment, power conversion system 4400 is used to provide power to one or more of the light emitting diodes, as shown in FIG.

圖45是根據本發明又一實施例用於向發光二極體供電的開關模式電源變換系統4400的簡化示圖。該示圖僅僅是示例，其不應當不當地限制申請專利範圍的範疇。熟知該項技術領域之人將認識到許多變體、替換和修改。例如，電源變換系統4400被用來向一個或多個發光二極體4510提供功率。45 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system 4400 for powering a light emitting diode in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. This illustration is only an example and should not unduly limit the scope of the claimed patent. Those skilled in the art will recognize many variations, substitutions and modifications. For example, power conversion system 4400 is used to provide power to one or more of the light emitting diodes 4510.

根據另一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖21所示)包括：第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件2150所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括斜坡信號產生器(例如，如NOT閘2170、電流源2160、電流槽2162、開關2164、2166和電容器2172的組合所示)，配置以接收所述輸出信號並且產生斜坡信號(例如，如信號2165所示)；以及第一比較器(例如，如比較器2182所示)，配置以接收所述斜坡信號和第一閾值信號(例如，如信號2183所示)，並且至少基於與所述斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號。此外，該系統包括第二比較器(例如，如比較器2180所示)，配置以接收第二感測信號(例如，如信號2147所示)和第二閾值信號並且產生第二比較信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器(例如，如觸發器元件2190所示)，配置以至少接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號並且產生調節信號(例如，如信號2191所示)；以及閘驅動器(例如，如驅動器元件2192所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向開關輸出驅動信號(例如，如信號2193所示)。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間(例如，T_Demag )相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期(例如，T_s )相關聯。該系統還配置以使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定。In accordance with another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 21) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by demagnetization detecting element 2150) configured to receive a first sensing The signal also produces an output signal associated with the demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a ramp signal generator (eg, as shown by a combination of NOT gate 2170, current source 2160, current sink 2162, switch 2164, 2166, and capacitor 2172) configured to receive the output signal and generate a ramp signal ( For example, as shown by signal 2165; and a first comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 2182) configured to receive the ramp signal and a first threshold signal (eg, as indicated by signal 2183), and based at least on Information associated with the ramp signal and the first threshold signal produces a first comparison signal. Additionally, the system includes a second comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 2180) configured to receive a second sensed signal (eg, as shown by signal 2147) and a second threshold signal and to generate a second comparison signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the system includes a second signal generator (eg, as shown by flip-flop element 2190) configured to receive at least the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and generate an adjustment signal (eg, as signal 2191 And a gate driver (eg, as shown by driver component 2192) configured to receive the adjustment signal and output a drive signal to the switch (eg, as shown by signal 2193). The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration (eg, T _Demag ), and the drive signal is associated with a switching period (eg, T _s ). The system is also configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖21實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與所述第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生輸出信號。所述輸出信號與退磁相關聯。此外，該方法包括接收所述輸出信號；至少基於與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生斜坡信號；接收所述斜坡信號和第一閾值信號；處理與所述斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號。此外，該方法包括接收第二感測信號和第二閾值信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。另外，該方法包括處理與所述第二感測信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二感測信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二比較信號；接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號；處理與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊來向開關輸出驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 21) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating an output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal. The output signal is associated with demagnetization. Additionally, the method includes receiving the output signal; generating a ramp signal based on at least information associated with the output signal; receiving the ramp signal and a first threshold signal; processing and the ramp signal and the first threshold signal Associated information; generating a first comparison signal based at least on information associated with the ramp signal and the first threshold signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving a second sensed signal and a second thresholded signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the second sensed signal and the second threshold signal; generating a second based on at least information associated with the second sensed signal and the second threshold signal Comparing a signal; receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; processing information associated with the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; based at least on the first comparison signal and the The information associated with the second comparison signal produces an adjustment signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; outputting a drive signal to the switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period is kept constant.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖7或圖24所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如元件520或元件2420所示)，配置以至少接收輸入信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號，所述輸入信號至少與電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括第一控制器(例如，如元件542或者如電壓到電流轉換器2510、元件2520、脈衝拷貝電路2620和相位檢測器和電荷泵2635的組合所示)，配置以至少接收所述輸出信號，並且至少基於與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生第一控制信號；第二控制器(例如，如元件540或元件2440所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號和第一閾值信號並且產生第二控制信號。所述第一感測信號與流經所述電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括振盪器(例如，如振盪器562或振盪器2462所示)，配置以至少接收所述第一控制信號，並且至少基於與所述第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號；第二信號產生器(例如，如元件538或元件2438所示)，配置以至少接收所述時鐘信號和所述第二控制信號，並且至少產生調節信號。此外，該系統包括閘驅動器(例如，如元件546或元件2446所示)，配置以至少接收所述調節信號並且向開關至少輸出驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間(例如，T_Demag )相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期(例如，T_s )相關聯。該系統還配置以使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定，並且使所述第一感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 24) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by element 520 or element 2420) configured to receive at least The input signal and at least an output signal associated with demagnetization is generated, the input signal being associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a first controller (e.g., as shown in element 542 or as shown in combination of voltage to current converter 2510, element 2520, pulse copy circuit 2620, and phase detector and charge pump 2635) configured to receive at least Deriving an output signal and generating at least a first control signal based on at least information associated with the output signal; a second controller (eg, as shown by element 540 or element 2440) configured to receive the first sensed signal and The first threshold signal and a second control signal is generated. The first sensed signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes an oscillator (eg, as shown by oscillator 562 or oscillator 2462) configured to receive at least the first control signal and generate at least based on at least information associated with the first control signal A clock signal; a second signal generator (e.g., as shown by element 538 or element 2438) configured to receive at least the clock signal and the second control signal and to generate at least an adjustment signal. Additionally, the system includes a gate driver (e.g., as shown by element 546 or element 2446) configured to receive at least the adjustment signal and output at least a drive signal to the switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration (eg, T _Demag ), and the drive signal is associated with a switching period (eg, T _s ). The system is also configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period and to maintain a peak of the first sensed signal constant in magnitude.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖7或圖24實現的)包括：至少接收輸入信號，並且至少基於與所述輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生輸出信號。所述輸入信號至少與電源變換器的輸出電流有關，並且所述輸出信號與退磁有關。另外，該方法包括至少接收所述輸出信號；處理與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生時鐘信號。此外，該方法包括接收感測信號和閾值信號。所述感測信號與流經所述電源變換器的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述感測信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述感測信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生控制信號；至少接收所述時鐘信號和所述控制信號；處理與所述時鐘信號和所述控制信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述時鐘信號和所述控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括至少接收所述調節信號；至少基於與所述調節資訊相關聯的資訊向開關至少輸出驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期相關聯。使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定，並且使所述第一感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 7 or FIG. 24) includes receiving at least an input signal and generating at least an output based on at least information associated with the input signal signal. The input signal is at least related to an output current of the power converter, and the output signal is related to demagnetization. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least the output signal; processing information associated with the output signal; generating at least a clock signal based on at least information associated with the output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving a sense signal and a threshold signal. The sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the sensed signal and the threshold signal; generating a control signal based at least on information associated with the sensed signal and the threshold signal; receiving at least the clock signal and The control signal; processing the clock signal and the Controlling information associated with the signal; generating at least an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the clock signal and the control signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving at least the adjustment signal; at least outputting a drive signal to the switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment information to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration and the drive signal is associated with a switching period. The ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period is kept constant, and the peak of the first sensing signal is kept constant in magnitude.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖28或32所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件2850所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括第一斜坡信號產生器(例如，如電流源2860、電流槽2862、開關2864、開關2866、NOT閘2870和電容器2872的組合所示)，配置以接收所述第一輸出信號並且產生第一斜坡信號(例如，如信號2865所示)；第一比較器(例如，如比較器2882所示)，配置以接收所述第一斜坡信號和第一閾值信號(例如，如信號2883所示)，並且至少基於與所述第一斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號(例如，如信號2885所示)。此外，該系統包括峰值檢測器(例如，如逐週期峰值檢測器2836所示)，配置以接收驅動信號(例如，如信號2893所示)和第二感測信號(例如，如信號2847所示)並且產生峰值信號(例如，如信號2837所示)。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括放大器(例如，如跨導放大器2834所示)，配置以接收所述峰值信號和第二閾值信號(例如，如信號2835所示)並且通過電容器產生第二輸出信號(例如，如信號2881所示)，所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器；第二比較器(例如，如比較器2880所示)，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和第二斜坡信號(例如，如信號2833所示)，並且產生第二比較信號(例如，如信號2887所示)。另外，該系統包括第二信號產生器(例如，如觸發器元件2890所示)，配置以至少接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號，並且產生調節信號(例如，如信號2891 所示)；以及閘驅動器(例如，如驅動元件元件2892所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 28 or 32) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by demagnetization detecting element 2850) configured to receive a first sense The signal is measured and a first output signal associated with demagnetization is generated. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a first ramp signal generator (eg, as shown by a combination of current source 2860, current sink 2862, switch 2864, switch 2866, NOT gate 2870, and capacitor 2872) configured to receive the first output signal And generating a first ramp signal (eg, as shown by signal 2865); a first comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 2882) configured to receive the first ramp signal and a first threshold signal (eg, such as a signal) 2883), and generating a first comparison signal (eg, as indicated by signal 2885) based at least on information associated with the first ramp signal and the first threshold signal. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector (e.g., as shown by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836) configured to receive a drive signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 2893) and a second sense signal (e.g., as signal 2847 shows And generate a peak signal (eg, as shown by signal 2837). The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the system includes an amplifier (eg, as shown by transconductance amplifier 2834) configured to receive the peak signal and a second threshold signal (eg, as shown by signal 2835) and to generate a second output signal through the capacitor (eg, As indicated by signal 2881, the capacitor is coupled to the amplifier; a second comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 2880) is configured to receive the second output signal and the second ramp signal (eg, as Signal 2833 is shown) and a second comparison signal is generated (e.g., as indicated by signal 2887). Additionally, the system includes a second signal generator (eg, as shown by flip-flop element 2890) configured to receive at least the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and generate an adjustment signal (eg, as signal 2891) And a gate driver (eg, as shown by drive element element 2892) configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector and switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖28或圖32實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與所述第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生第一輸出信號；接收所述第一輸出信號；至少基於與所述第一輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生第一斜坡信號。所述第一輸出信號與退磁有關。此外，該方法包括接收所述第一斜坡信號和第一閾值信號；處理與所述第一斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一斜坡信號和所述第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第一比較信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號；接收所述峰值信號和第二閾值信號；處理與所述峰值信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述峰值信號和所述第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和第二斜坡信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述第二斜坡信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述第二斜坡信號相關聯的資訊產生第二比較信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號；處理與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一比較信號和所述第二比較信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 28 or FIG. 32) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal; receiving the first output signal; generating a first ramp based on at least information associated with the first output signal signal. The first output signal is related to demagnetization. Additionally, the method includes receiving the first ramp signal and a first threshold signal; processing information associated with the first ramp signal and the first threshold signal; based at least on the first ramp signal and the The information associated with the first threshold signal produces a first comparison signal; the drive signal and the second sense signal are received. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; receiving the a peak signal and a second threshold signal; processing information associated with the peak signal and the second threshold signal; generating a second output signal based on at least information associated with the peak signal and the second threshold signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and the second ramp signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the second ramp signal; based at least on the second output signal and the The information associated with the second ramp signal produces a second comparison signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; processing information associated with the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; based at least on the first comparison signal and The information associated with the second comparison signal produces an adjustment signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖28或圖32所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件2850所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號(例如，如信號2851所示)。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器(例如，如逐週期峰值檢測器2836所示)，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號(例如，如信號2837所示)。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器(例如，如觸發器元件2890所示)，配置以至少處理與所述輸出信號(例如，如信號2851所示)和所述峰值信號(例如，如信號2837所示)相關聯的資訊，並且產生調節信號(例如，如信號2891所示)。此外，該系統包括閘驅動器(例如，如驅動元件元件2892所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間(例如，T_Demag )相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期(例如，T_s )相關聯。該系統還配置以使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使所述峰值信號的平均大小在第一持續時間(例如，T)期間保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 28 or FIG. 32) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by demagnetization detecting element 2850) configured to receive a first The signal is sensed and an output signal associated with demagnetization is generated (eg, as shown by signal 2851). The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector (e.g., as shown by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 2836) configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal (e.g., as shown by signal 2837). The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the system includes a second signal generator (e.g., as shown by flip-flop element 2890) configured to process at least the output signal (e.g., as shown by signal 2851) and the peak signal (e.g., a signal) Corresponding information is shown in 2837 and an adjustment signal is generated (e.g., as indicated by signal 2891). Additionally, the system includes a gate driver (eg, as shown by drive element element 2892) configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector and switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration (eg, T _Demag ), and the drive signal is associated with a switching period (eg, T _s ). The system is also configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period; and to maintain an average magnitude of the peak signal constant during a first duration (eg, T).

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖28或32實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括至少基於與所述第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號；並且處理與驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊。第一感測信號與退磁相關聯，並且所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號；至少處理與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊向開關輸出所述驅動信號，以至少影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間(例如，T_Demag )相關聯，並且所述驅動信號與開關週期(例如，T_s )相關聯。使所述退磁持續時間與所述開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使所述峰值信號的平均大小在第一持續時間(例如，T)期間保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 28 or 32) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating an output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal; receiving the drive signal and the second sensed signal; and processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. A first sensed signal is associated with demagnetization and the second sensed signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; processing at least information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; based at least on The output signal and the information associated with the peak signal produce an adjustment signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; outputting the drive signal to a switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect at least the first current flowing through the primary winding. The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration (eg, T _Demag ), and the drive signal is associated with a switching period (eg, T _s ). Keeping the ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period constant; and keeping the average magnitude of the peak signal constant during a first duration (eg, T).

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖33、圖39或圖40所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件3350所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器(例如，如逐週期峰值檢測器3336所示)，配置以接收驅動信號(例如，如信號3393所示)和第二感測信號(例如，如信號3347所示)並且產生峰值信號(例如，如信號3337所示)。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器(例如，如積分器3370所示)，配置以接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號，並且產生第二輸出信號(例如，如信號3372所示)；放大器(例如，如跨導放大器3334所示)，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號(例如，如信號3335所示)並且通過電容器產生第三輸出信號(例如，如信號3381所示)，所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器。此外，該系統包括比較器(例如，如比較器3382所示)，配置以接收所述第三輸出信號和斜坡信號(例如，如信號3364所示)，並且產生比較信號(例如，如信號3385所示)；第三信號產生器(例如，如元件3366和觸發器元件3390的組合所示)，配置以至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號(例如，如時鐘信號3362所示)，並且產生調節信號(例如，如調節信號3368所示)。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器(例如，如驅動元件3392所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器、所述第二信號產生器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 33, FIG. 39, or FIG. 40) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by demagnetization detecting element 3350) configured A first sensed signal is received and a first output signal associated with demagnetization is generated. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector (e.g., as shown by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 3336) configured to receive a drive signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 3393) and a second sense signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 3347) And generate a peak signal (eg, as shown by signal 3337). The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the system includes a second signal generator (eg, as shown by integrator 3370) configured to receive the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal, and to generate a second output signal (eg, As shown by signal 3372), an amplifier (eg, as shown by transconductance amplifier 3334) is configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal (eg, as shown by signal 3335) and to generate a third output signal through the capacitor (eg, For example, as shown by signal 3381, the capacitor is coupled to the amplifier. Additionally, the system includes a comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 3382) configured to receive the third output signal and the ramp signal (eg, as shown by signal 3364) and to generate a comparison signal (eg, as signal 3385) a third signal generator (eg, as shown by a combination of element 3366 and flip-flop element 3390) configured to receive at least the comparison signal and a clock signal (eg, as indicated by clock signal 3362) and The signal is adjusted (eg, as indicated by adjustment signal 3368). Additionally, the system includes a gate driver (e.g., as shown by drive element 3392) configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator, and the switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖33、圖39或圖40實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組有關，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號；處理與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第三輸出信號和斜坡信號；處理與所述第三輸出信號和所述斜坡信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第三輸出信號和所述斜坡信號相關聯的資訊產生比較信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號；處理與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 33, FIG. 39, or FIG. 40) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of a power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; at least Information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal produces a peak signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal produces a second output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; at least based on being associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal The information produces a third output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the third output signal and a ramp signal; processing information associated with the third output signal and the ramp signal; at least based on being associated with the third output signal and the ramp signal The information produces a comparison signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖41或43所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件4150所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號(例如，如信號4143所示)並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號(例如，如信號4151所示)。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器(例如，如逐週期峰值檢測器4136所示)，配置以接收驅動信號(例如，如信號4193所示)和第二感測信號(例如，如信號4147所示)並且產生峰值信號(例如，如信號4137所示)。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯，並且第二信號產生器(例如，如積分器4170所示)配置以至少接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號，並且產生第二輸出信號(例如，如信號4172所示)。此外，該系統包括放大器(例如，如跨導放大器4134所示)，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號(例如，如信號4135所示)並且通過電容器產生第三輸出信號(例如，如信號4181所示)；第三信號產生器(例如，如乘法器4184所示)，配置以接收所述第三輸出信號和第一輸入信號(例如，如信號4183所示)並且產生第四輸出信號(例如，如信號4185所示)。所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器，所述第一輸入信號與由所述初級繞組接收的第二輸入信號(例如，如信號4113所示)成比例。此外，該系統包括比較器(例如，如比較器4182所示)，配置以接收所述第四輸出信號和第二感測信號並產生比較信號(例如，如信號4187所示)；第四信號產生器(例如，如AND閘4166和觸發器元件4190的組合所示)，配置以至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號(例如，如信號4162所示)並且產生調節信號(例如，如信號4168所示)。另外，該系統包括閘驅動器(例如，如信號4192所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器、所述第二信號產生器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 41 or 43) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by demagnetization detecting element 4150) configured to receive a first sense The signal is measured (e.g., as indicated by signal 4143) and a first output signal associated with demagnetization is generated (e.g., as indicated by signal 4151). The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector (e.g., as shown by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4136) configured to receive a drive signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 4193) and a second sense signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 4147). And generate a peak signal (eg, as shown by signal 4137). The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and a second signal generator (eg, as shown by integrator 4170) is configured to The drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal are received and a second output signal is generated (eg, as indicated by signal 4172). Moreover, the system includes an amplifier (eg, as shown by transconductance amplifier 4134) configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal (eg, as shown by signal 4135) and to generate a third output signal through the capacitor (eg, As shown by signal 4181), a third signal generator (eg, as shown by multiplier 4184) is configured to receive the third output signal and the first input signal (eg, For example, as shown by signal 4183) and a fourth output signal is generated (e.g., as indicated by signal 4185). The capacitor is coupled to the amplifier, the first input signal being proportional to a second input signal received by the primary winding (e.g., as indicated by signal 4113). Additionally, the system includes a comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 4182) configured to receive the fourth output signal and the second sense signal and generate a comparison signal (eg, as indicated by signal 4187); the fourth signal A generator (eg, as shown by a combination of AND gate 4166 and flip-flop element 4190) is configured to receive at least the comparison signal and a clock signal (eg, as shown by signal 4162) and generate an adjustment signal (eg, as signal 4168) Shown). Additionally, the system includes a gate driver (e.g., as shown by signal 4192) configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator, and the switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖41或43實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號；處理與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號；接收所述第三輸出信號和第一輸入信號。所述第一輸入信號與由所述初級繞組接收的第二輸入信號成比例。此外，該方法包括處理與所述第三輸出信號和所述第一輸入信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第三輸出信號和所述第一輸入信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號；接收所述第四輸出信號和第二感測信號；處理與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生比較信號。此外，該方法包括至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號；處理與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊來輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 41 or 43) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal produces a second output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; at least based on being associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal The information generates a third output signal; the third output signal and the first input signal are received. The first input signal is proportional to a second input signal received by the primary winding. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the third output signal and the first input signal; generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal and the first input signal Receiving the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; processing information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; at least And comparing the information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal to generate a comparison signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal . Additionally, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖44或45所示)包括：第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件4450所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號(例如，如信號4443所示)並且產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號(例如，如信號4451所示)。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器(例如，如逐週期峰值檢測器4436所示)，配置以接收驅動信號(例如，如信號4493所示)和第二感測信號(例如，如信號4447所示)並且產生峰值信號(例如，如信號4437所示)。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器(例如，如積分器4470所示)，配置以至少接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號，並且產生第二輸出信號(例如，如信號4472所示)；放大器(例如，如跨導放大器4434所示)，配置以接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號(例如，如信號4435所示)並且通過電容器產生第三輸出信號(例如，如信號4481所示)，所述電容器被耦合到所述放大器。此外，該系統包括第三信號產生器(例如，如開關4426，放大器4428和乘法器4484的組合所示)，配置以接收所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號並且產生第四輸出信號(例如，如信號4485所示)；比較器(例如，如比較器4482所示)，配置以接收所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號並產生比較信號。另外，該系統包括第四信號產生器(例如，如AND閘4466和觸發器元件4490的組合所示)，配置以至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號(例如，如信號4462所示)並且產生調節信號(例如，如信號4468所示)；閘驅動器(例如，如驅動元件4492所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且向所述峰值檢測器、所述第二信號產生器、所述第三信號產生器和開關輸出所述驅動信號，所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 44 or 45) includes a first signal generator (eg, as shown by demagnetization detecting element 4450) configured to receive a first A sense signal (eg, as shown by signal 4443) and produces a first output signal associated with demagnetization (eg, as indicated by signal 4451). The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector (e.g., as shown by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 4436) configured to receive a drive signal (e.g., as shown by signal 4493) and a second sense signal (e.g., as indicated by signal 4447). And generate a peak signal (eg, as shown by signal 4437). The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the system includes a second signal generator (eg, as shown by integrator 4470) configured to receive at least the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal, and to generate a second output signal (eg, As shown by signal 4472; an amplifier (eg, as shown by transconductance amplifier 4434) configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal (eg, as shown by signal 4435) and to generate a third output signal through the capacitor The capacitor is coupled to the amplifier (e.g., as shown by signal 4481). Additionally, the system includes a third signal generator (eg, as shown by a combination of switch 4426, amplifier 4428, and multiplier 4484) configured to receive the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive And generating a fourth output signal (eg, as shown by signal 4485); a comparator (eg, as shown by comparator 4482) configured to receive the fourth output signal and the second sense signal and generate a comparison signal. Additionally, the system includes a fourth signal generator (eg, as shown by a combination of AND gate 4466 and flip-flop element 4490) configured to receive at least the comparison signal and clock signal (eg, as indicated by signal 4462) and generate Adjusting the signal (eg, as indicated by signal 4468); a gate driver (eg, as shown by drive element 4492) configured to receive the adjustment signal and to the peak detector, the second signal generator, the A third signal generator and switch outputs the drive signal, the switch configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖44或45實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的第一輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號；處理與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號、所述第一輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生第二輸出信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第二輸出信號和閾值信號；處理與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第二輸出信號和所述閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生第三輸出信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號；處理與所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第一感測信號、所述第三輸出信號和所述驅動信號相關聯的資訊產生第四輸出信號。另外，該方法包括接收所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號；處理與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述第四輸出信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生比較信號。此外，該方法包括至少接收所述比較信號和時鐘信號；處理與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述比較信號和所述時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；以及至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊來輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in FIG. 44 or 45) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal produces a second output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; at least based on being associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal The information produces a third output signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal; processing associated with the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal Information; generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal, the third output signal, and the drive signal. Additionally, the method includes receiving the fourth output signal and the second sensed signal; processing information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensed signal; based at least on the fourth output The information associated with the signal and the second sensed signal produces a comparison signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal . Moreover, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的系統(例如，如圖33、圖39、圖40、圖41、圖43、圖44或圖45所示)包括第一信號產生器(例如，如退磁檢測元件3350所示)，配置以接收第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該系統包括峰值檢測器(例如，如逐週期峰值檢測器3336所示)，配置以接收驅動信號和第二感測信號並且產生峰值信號(例如，如信號3337所示)。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該系統包括第二信號產生器(例如，如元件3366和觸發器元件3390的組合所示)，配置以至少處理與所述輸出信號(例如，如信號3351所示)和所述峰值信號(例如，如信號3337所示)相關聯的資訊，並且產生調節信號(例如，如調節信號3368所示)；以及閘驅動器(例如，如驅動元件3392所示)，配置以接收所述調節信號並且至少向所述峰值檢測器和開關輸出所述驅動信號。所述開關配置以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述驅動信號與開關週期(例如，T_s )相關聯，並且所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間(例如，T_Demag )相關聯。所述退磁持續時間在大小上與所述峰值信號相乘後等於退磁峰值。該系統還配置以使所述開關週期保持恒定，使所述退磁峰值的平均大小在第一持續時間(例如，T)期間保持恒定，並且使所述輸出電流保持恒定。According to yet another embodiment, a system for adjusting a power converter (eg, as shown in FIG. 33, FIG. 39, FIG. 40, FIG. 41, FIG. 43, FIG. 44, or FIG. 45) includes a first signal generator (eg, As shown by demagnetization detecting element 3350, configured to receive the first sensing signal and generate an output signal associated with demagnetization. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the system includes a peak detector (eg, as shown by cycle-by-cycle peak detector 3336) configured to receive the drive signal and the second sense signal and generate a peak signal (eg, as indicated by signal 3337). The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Moreover, the system includes a second signal generator (eg, as shown by a combination of element 3366 and flip-flop element 3390) configured to process at least the output signal (eg, as shown by signal 3351) and the peak signal (eg, as indicated by signal 3337) associated information, and generating an adjustment signal (eg, as indicated by adjustment signal 3368); and a gate driver (eg, as shown by drive element 3392) configured to receive the adjustment signal And outputting the drive signal to at least the peak detector and the switch. The switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The drive signal is associated with a switching period (eg, T _s ), and the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration (eg, T _Demag ). The demagnetization duration is equal to the demagnetization peak after being multiplied by the peak signal in magnitude. The system is also configured to maintain the switching period constant such that the average magnitude of the demagnetization peak remains constant during a first duration (eg, T) and the output current is held constant.

根據又一實施例，一種用於調整電源變換器的方法(例如，如圖33、圖39、圖40、圖41、圖43、圖44或圖45實現的)包括接收第一感測信號。所述第一感測信號與耦合到電源變換器的次級繞組的第一繞組相關聯，並且所述次級繞組至少與所述電源變換器的輸出電流有關。另外，該方法包括產生與退磁相關聯的輸出信號；接收驅動信號和第二感測信號。所述第二感測信號與流經耦合到所述電源變換器的次級繞組的初級繞組的第一電流相關聯。此外，該方法包括處理與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述驅動信號和所述第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生峰值信號；處理與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與所述輸出信號和所述峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生調節信號。此外，該方法包括接收所述調節信號；並且至少基於與所述調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出所述驅動信號，以影響流經所述初級繞組的所述第一電流。所述驅動信號與開關週期(例如，T_s )相關聯，並且所述輸出信號與退磁持續時間(例如，T_Demag )相關聯。所述退磁持續時間在大小上與所述峰值信號相乘後等於退磁峰值。使所述開關週期保持恒定，使所述退磁峰值的平均大小在第一持續時間(例如，T)期間保持恒定，並且使所述輸出電流保持恒定。In accordance with yet another embodiment, a method for adjusting a power converter (eg, as implemented in Figures 33, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, or 45) includes receiving a first sensed signal. The first sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter, and the secondary winding is associated with at least an output current of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes generating an output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving the drive signal and the second sense signal. The second sense signal is associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to a secondary winding of the power converter. Additionally, the method includes processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; Deriving information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the output signal and the peak signal. Moreover, the method includes receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding. The drive signal is associated with a switching period (eg, T _s ), and the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration (eg, T _Demag ). The demagnetization duration is equal to the demagnetization peak after being multiplied by the peak signal in magnitude. The switching period is kept constant such that the average magnitude of the demagnetization peak remains constant during a first duration (eg, T) and the output current is held constant.

儘管已描述了本發明的特定實施例，然而熟知該項技術領域之人將明白，存在與所描述實施例等同的其它實施例。因此，將明白，本發明不受所示出的特定實施例的限制，而是僅由所附申請專利範圍的範疇來限定。Although a particular embodiment of the invention has been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that <RTIgt; Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited by the particular embodiment shown, but only by the scope of the appended claims.

110‧‧‧PWM控制器110‧‧‧PWM controller

500‧‧‧開關模式電源變換系統500‧‧‧Switch Mode Power Conversion System

502‧‧‧初級繞組502‧‧‧Primary winding

504‧‧‧次級繞組504‧‧‧Secondary winding

506‧‧‧輔助繞組506‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

508、514、528‧‧‧輸出信號508, 514, 528‧‧‧ output signals

510、512、580‧‧‧電阻器510, 512, 580‧‧‧ resistors

516、530、552、566‧‧‧端子516, 530, 552, 566‧‧‧ terminals

520、522、532、534、538、540、542、546、568‧‧‧元件520, 522, 532, 534, 538, 540, 542, 546, 568‧‧‧ components

524‧‧‧誤差放大器524‧‧‧Error amplifier

526‧‧‧電容器526‧‧‧ capacitor

532‧‧‧負載補償的元件532‧‧‧Load-compensated components

536、556、564、570、572、574‧‧‧信號536, 556, 564, 570, 572, 574‧‧ signals

544、558、592‧‧‧控制信號544, 558, 592‧‧‧ control signals

548‧‧‧驅動信號548‧‧‧Drive signal

550‧‧‧開關550‧‧‧ switch

554‧‧‧二極體554‧‧‧ diode

560‧‧‧時鐘信號560‧‧‧clock signal

562‧‧‧振盪器562‧‧‧Oscillator

582‧‧‧電流582‧‧‧ Current

590‧‧‧晶片590‧‧‧ wafer

592‧‧‧控制信號592‧‧‧Control signal

610、620、630、640、650、660‧‧‧波形610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660‧‧‧ waveforms

910、920‧‧‧電容器910, 920‧‧ ‧ capacitor

912、922‧‧‧節點912, 922‧‧‧ nodes

930‧‧‧單穩態器件930‧‧‧monostable device

1010、1020、1030、1040、1050、1060、1070‧‧‧波形1010, 1020, 1030, 1040, 1050, 1060, 1070‧‧‧ waveforms

1110、1120、1130、1140、1150‧‧‧波形1110, 1120, 1130, 1140, 1150‧‧‧ waveforms

1210、1260、1310、1520‧‧‧元件1210, 1260, 1310, 1520‧‧‧ components

1220‧‧‧跨導放大器1220‧‧‧ Transconductance amplifier

1230‧‧‧電流源1230‧‧‧current source

1240‧‧‧電壓到電流轉換器1240‧‧‧Voltage to Current Converter

1250‧‧‧定流源1250‧‧ ‧ constant flow source

1320‧‧‧跨導放大器1320‧‧‧ Transconductance amplifier

1330‧‧‧電流槽1330‧‧‧ Current trough

1340‧‧‧電壓到電流轉換器1340‧‧‧Voltage to Current Converter

1350、1360‧‧‧電阻器1350, 1360‧‧‧ resistors

1510‧‧‧電壓到電流轉換器1510‧‧‧Voltage to Current Converter

1512、1522、1534‧‧‧信號1512, 1522, 1534‧‧‧ signals

1530‧‧‧鎖相環1530‧‧‧ phase-locked loop

1532、1612、1614‧‧‧時鐘信號1532, 1612, 1614‧‧‧ clock signals

1610‧‧‧時鐘分頻器1610‧‧‧clock divider

1620‧‧‧脈衝拷貝電路1620‧‧‧ pulse copy circuit

1622‧‧‧NAND(反及)閘1622‧‧‧NAND (Reverse) Gate

1624、1626‧‧‧MOS電晶體1624, 1626‧‧‧MOS transistor

1628‧‧‧電容器1628‧‧‧ capacitor

1629、1634、1636‧‧‧信號1629, 1634, 1636‧‧ signals

1630‧‧‧相位檢測器1630‧‧‧ phase detector

1632‧‧‧D觸發器1632‧‧‧D trigger

1640‧‧‧電荷泵1640‧‧‧Charge pump

1642‧‧‧電容器1642‧‧‧ capacitor

1644‧‧‧電流信號1644‧‧‧ Current signal

1650‧‧‧自校準電路1650‧‧‧ self-calibrating circuit

1654‧‧‧電流1654‧‧‧ Current

1660‧‧‧時鐘信號1660‧‧‧clock signal

1710、1720、1730、1740、1750‧‧‧波形1710, 1720, 1730, 1740, 1750‧‧‧ waveforms

1810‧‧‧高速比較器1810‧‧‧High speed comparator

1812‧‧‧比較信號1812‧‧‧Comparative signal

1820‧‧‧電荷泵1820‧‧‧Charge pump

1822‧‧‧RS鎖存器1822‧‧‧RS latch

1824‧‧‧電容器1824‧‧‧ capacitor

1826‧‧‧電壓信號1826‧‧‧ voltage signal

1830‧‧‧動態閾值產生器1830‧‧‧Dynamic Threshold Generator

1832‧‧‧動態電流信號1832‧‧‧ Dynamic current signal

1834‧‧‧動態電阻器1834‧‧‧Dynamic Resistors

1835‧‧‧電壓信號1835‧‧‧ voltage signal

1836‧‧‧線性電阻器1836‧‧‧linear resistor

1838、1839‧‧‧電晶體1838, 1839‧‧‧Optoelectronics

1840‧‧‧OCP比較器1840‧‧‧OCP comparator

2000‧‧‧電源變換系統2000‧‧‧Power Conversion System

2010‧‧‧初級繞組2010‧‧‧Primary winding

2012‧‧‧次級繞組2012‧‧‧Secondary winding

2014‧‧‧輔助繞組2014‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

2020‧‧‧電源開關2020‧‧‧Power switch

2030‧‧‧電流感測電阻器2030‧‧‧ Current sensing resistor

2040‧‧‧輸出電纜的等效電阻器2040‧‧‧ equivalent resistor for output cable

2050、2052‧‧‧電阻器2050, 2052‧‧‧ resistors

2054‧‧‧節點2054‧‧‧ nodes

2060、2062‧‧‧整流二極體2060, 2062‧ ‧ rectifying diode

2100‧‧‧電源變換系統2100‧‧‧Power Conversion System

2110‧‧‧初級繞組2110‧‧‧Primary winding

2111‧‧‧電流2111‧‧‧ Current

2112‧‧‧次級繞組2112‧‧‧Secondary winding

2114‧‧‧輔助繞組2114‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

2120、2122、2124‧‧‧電阻器2120, 2122, 2124‧‧‧ resistors

2130‧‧‧開關2130‧‧‧Switch

2142、2144、2146‧‧‧端子2142, 2144, 2146‧‧‧ terminals

2143‧‧‧回饋信號2143‧‧‧Feedback signal

2147‧‧‧感測信號2147‧‧‧Sensing signal

2150‧‧‧退磁檢測元件2150‧‧‧Demagnetization detection element

2151‧‧‧信號2151‧‧‧ signal

2160‧‧‧電流源2160‧‧‧current source

2162‧‧‧電流槽2162‧‧‧ Current trough

2164、2166‧‧‧開關2164, 2166‧‧ ‧ switch

2165‧‧‧斜坡信號2165‧‧‧Ramp signal

2170‧‧‧NOT閘2170‧‧‧NOT gate

2171‧‧‧信號2171‧‧‧ signal

2172‧‧‧電容器2172‧‧‧ capacitor

2180、2182‧‧‧比較器2180, 2182‧‧‧ comparator

2181、2183、2211‧‧‧閾值信號2181, 2183, 2211‧‧‧ threshold signal

2185‧‧‧控制信號2185‧‧‧Control signal

2187‧‧‧比較信號2187‧‧‧Comparative signal

2190‧‧‧觸發器元件2190‧‧‧Flip-flop components

2191‧‧‧調節信號2191‧‧‧Adjustment signal

2192‧‧‧驅動器元件2192‧‧‧Drive components

2193‧‧‧驅動信號2193‧‧‧Drive signal

2210‧‧‧比較器2210‧‧‧ Comparator

2220、2222‧‧‧觸發器元件2220, 2222‧‧‧ trigger components

2230、2232‧‧‧NOT閘2230, 2232‧‧‧NOT gate

2240‧‧‧AND閘2240‧‧‧AND gate

2310、2320、2330、2340、2350、2360‧‧‧波形2310, 2320, 2330, 2340, 2350, 2360‧‧‧ waveforms

2400‧‧‧開關模式電源變換系統2400‧‧‧Switch Mode Power Conversion System

2414、2444、2448、2460、2464、2474‧‧‧信號2414, 2444, 2448, 2460, 2464, 2474‧‧‧ signals

2416、2452、2466‧‧‧端子2416, 2452, 2466‧‧‧ terminals

2420、2422、2438、2440、2446‧‧‧元件2420, 2422, 2438, 2440, 2446‧‧‧ components

2448‧‧‧信號2448‧‧‧ signal

2462‧‧‧振盪器2462‧‧‧Oscillator

2490‧‧‧晶片2490‧‧‧ wafer

2510‧‧‧電壓到電流轉換器2510‧‧‧Voltage to Current Converter

2512、2522、2612、2614、2629、2644、2660‧‧‧信號2512, 2522, 2612, 2614, 2629, 2644, 2660‧ ‧ signals

2520‧‧‧元件2520‧‧‧ components

2610‧‧‧時鐘分頻器2610‧‧‧clock divider

2620‧‧‧脈衝拷貝電路2620‧‧‧Pulse copy circuit

2635‧‧‧相位檢測器和電荷泵2635‧‧‧ Phase detector and charge pump

2680、2682、2684、2686、2688‧‧‧波形2680, 2682, 2684, 2686, 2688‧‧‧ waveforms

2710‧‧‧比較器2710‧‧‧ comparator

2712、2726‧‧‧信號2712, 2726‧‧‧ signals

2722‧‧‧邏輯控制元件2722‧‧‧Logical Control Components

2724‧‧‧電荷泵2724‧‧‧Charge pump

2730‧‧‧動態閾值產生器2730‧‧‧Dynamic Threshold Generator

2735‧‧‧調節信號2735‧‧‧Adjustment signal

2740‧‧‧OCP比較器2740‧‧‧OCP comparator

2780、2782、2784、2786、2790、2792、2794、2796‧‧‧波形2780, 2782, 2784, 2786, 2790, 2792, 2794, 2796‧‧‧ waveforms

2800‧‧‧電源變換系統2800‧‧‧Power Conversion System

2810‧‧‧初級繞組2810‧‧‧Primary winding

2811‧‧‧電流2811‧‧‧ Current

2812‧‧‧次級繞組2812‧‧‧Secondary winding

2813‧‧‧輸入信號2813‧‧‧ Input signal

2814‧‧‧輔助繞組2814‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

2815‧‧‧AC輸入信號2815‧‧‧AC input signal

2820、2822、2824‧‧‧電阻器2820, 2822, 2824‧‧‧ resistors

2830‧‧‧開關2830‧‧‧Switch

2832‧‧‧斜坡產生器2832‧‧‧Slope generator

2833‧‧‧斜坡信號2833‧‧‧Ramp signal

2834‧‧‧跨導放大器2834‧‧‧Transconductance amplifier

2835‧‧‧參考信號2835‧‧‧ reference signal

2836‧‧‧逐週期峰值檢測器2836‧‧‧cycle-by-cycle peak detector

2837‧‧‧峰值信號2837‧‧‧peak signal

2838‧‧‧上升邊緣遮沒元件2838‧‧‧Rising edge blanking element

2840‧‧‧晶片2840‧‧‧ wafer

2842、2844、2846、2848‧‧‧端子2842, 2844, 2846, 2848 ‧ ‧ terminals

2843‧‧‧回饋信號2843‧‧‧Feedback signal

2847‧‧‧感測信號2847‧‧‧Sensing signal

2850‧‧‧退磁檢測元件2850‧‧‧Demagnetization detection element

2851‧‧‧Demag 信號2851‧‧‧ Demag signal

2858、2872‧‧‧電容器2858, 2872‧‧ ‧ capacitor

2860‧‧‧電流源2860‧‧‧current source

2862‧‧‧電流槽2862‧‧‧ Current trough

2864、2866‧‧‧開關2864, 2866‧‧ ‧ switch

2865‧‧‧斜坡信號2865‧‧‧Ramp signal

2870‧‧‧NOT閘2870‧‧‧NOT gate

2871、2874、2881‧‧‧信號2871, 2874, 2881‧‧ signals

2880、2882‧‧‧比較器2880, 2882‧‧‧ comparator

2883‧‧‧閾值信號2883‧‧‧ threshold signal

2885‧‧‧控制信號2885‧‧‧Control signal

2887‧‧‧比較信號2887‧‧‧Comparative signal

2890‧‧‧觸發器元件2890‧‧‧Flip-flop components

2891‧‧‧調節信號2891‧‧‧Adjustment signal

2892‧‧‧驅動元件2892‧‧‧Drive components

2893‧‧‧驅動信號2893‧‧‧Drive signal

2910、2920、2922、2930、2940、2910, 2920, 2922, 2930, 2940,

2950、2960、2970、2980、2990‧‧‧波形2950, 2960, 2970, 2980, 2990‧‧‧ waveforms

3010‧‧‧比較器3010‧‧‧ Comparator

3020、3022、3024‧‧‧開關3020, 3022, 3024‧‧ ‧ switch

3023、3031‧‧‧信號3023, 3031‧‧ signals

3030‧‧‧緩衝器3030‧‧‧buffer

3040、3042‧‧‧電容器3040, 3042‧‧ ‧ capacitor

3050‧‧‧電流源3050‧‧‧current source

3060‧‧‧單穩態產生器3060‧‧‧monostable generator

3062、3064‧‧‧信號3062, 3064‧‧‧ signals

3110、3120、3130、3140、3150、3160、3170‧‧‧波形3110, 3120, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160, 3170‧‧‧ waveforms

3200‧‧‧電源變換系統3200‧‧‧Power Conversion System

3210‧‧‧電容器3210‧‧‧ capacitor

3213‧‧‧DC輸入信號3213‧‧‧DC input signal

3215‧‧‧AC輸入信號3215‧‧‧AC input signal

3220‧‧‧電容器3220‧‧‧ capacitor

3230‧‧‧電阻器3230‧‧‧Resistors

3240‧‧‧電感器3240‧‧‧Inductors

3300‧‧‧電源變換系統3300‧‧‧Power Conversion System

3310‧‧‧初級繞組3310‧‧‧Primary winding

3311‧‧‧電流3311‧‧‧ Current

3312‧‧‧次級繞組3312‧‧‧Secondary winding

3313‧‧‧輸入信號3313‧‧‧ Input signal

3314‧‧‧輔助繞組3314‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

3315‧‧‧AC輸入信號3315‧‧‧AC input signal

3317‧‧‧輸入電流3317‧‧‧Input current

3320、3322、3324‧‧‧電阻器3320, 3322, 3324‧‧‧ resistors

3330‧‧‧開關3330‧‧‧Switch

3334‧‧‧跨導放大器3334‧‧‧Transconductance amplifier

3335‧‧‧參考信號3335‧‧‧ reference signal

3336‧‧‧逐週期峰值檢測器3336‧‧‧ Cycle-by-cycle peak detector

3337‧‧‧峰值信號3337‧‧‧peak signal

3338‧‧‧上升邊緣遮沒元件3338‧‧‧Rising edge blanking element

3340‧‧‧晶片3340‧‧‧ wafer

3342、3344、3346、3348‧‧‧端子3342, 3344, 3346, 3348‧‧‧ terminals

3343‧‧‧回饋信號3343‧‧‧ feedback signal

3347‧‧‧感測信號3347‧‧‧Sensing signal

3350‧‧‧退磁檢測元件3350‧‧‧Demagnetization detection element

3351‧‧‧Demag 信號3351‧‧‧ Demag signal

3358‧‧‧電容器3358‧‧‧ capacitor

3360‧‧‧振盪器3360‧‧‧Oscillator

3362‧‧‧時鐘信號3362‧‧‧clock signal

3364‧‧‧斜坡信號3364‧‧‧Ramp signal

3366‧‧‧AND閘3366‧‧‧AND gate

3368‧‧‧調節信號3368‧‧‧Adjustment signal

3370‧‧‧積分器3370‧‧‧ integrator

3372‧‧‧信號3372‧‧‧ signal

3381‧‧‧電壓信號3381‧‧‧ voltage signal

3382‧‧‧比較器3382‧‧‧ Comparator

3385‧‧‧比較信號3385‧‧‧Comparative signal

3390‧‧‧觸發器元件3390‧‧‧Flip-flop components

3391‧‧‧信號3391‧‧‧Signal

3392‧‧‧驅動元件3392‧‧‧Drive components

3393‧‧‧驅動信號3393‧‧‧Drive signal

3420、3422、3424‧‧‧開關3420, 3422, 3424‧‧ ‧ switch

3423、3431‧‧‧信號3423, 3431‧‧ signals

3430‧‧‧緩衝器3430‧‧‧buffer

3440、3442‧‧‧電容器3440, 3442‧‧ ‧ capacitor

3450、3452、3454‧‧‧電晶體3450, 3452, 3454‧‧‧ transistors

3460‧‧‧放大器3460‧‧Amplifier

3461、3463‧‧‧信號3461, 3463‧‧ signals

3462‧‧‧單穩態產生器3462‧‧‧monostable generator

3470‧‧‧電阻器3470‧‧‧Resistors

3510、3520、3530、3540、3550、3560、3570、3580‧‧‧波形3510, 3520, 3530, 3540, 3550, 3560, 3570, 3580‧‧‧ waveforms

3610、3620、3630‧‧‧參考信號3610, 3620, 3630‧‧‧ reference signals

3640‧‧‧電阻器3640‧‧‧Resistors

3650‧‧‧電容器3650‧‧‧ capacitor

3710、3720、3730、3740、3742、3750、3760、3770、3780、3810、3820‧‧‧波形Waveforms of 3710, 3720, 3730, 3740, 3742, 3750, 3760, 3770, 3780, 3810, 3820‧‧‧

3900‧‧‧電源變換系統3900‧‧‧Power Conversion System

3910、3920‧‧‧電容器3910, 3920‧‧ ‧ capacitor

3913‧‧‧DC輸入信號3913‧‧‧DC input signal

3915‧‧‧AC輸入信號3915‧‧‧AC input signal

3930‧‧‧電阻器3930‧‧‧Resistors

3940‧‧‧電感器3940‧‧‧Inductors

4010‧‧‧發光二極體4010‧‧‧Lighting diode

4100‧‧‧電源變換系統4100‧‧‧Power Conversion System

4110‧‧‧初級繞組4110‧‧‧Primary winding

4111‧‧‧電流4111‧‧‧ Current

4112‧‧‧次級繞組4112‧‧‧Secondary winding

4113‧‧‧輸入信號4113‧‧‧ Input signal

4114‧‧‧輔助繞組4114‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

4115‧‧‧AC輸入信號4115‧‧‧AC input signal

4117‧‧‧電流4117‧‧‧ Current

4120、4122、4124、4126、4128‧‧‧電阻器4120, 4122, 4124, 4126, 4128‧‧‧ resistors

4130‧‧‧開關4130‧‧‧Switch

4134‧‧‧跨導放大器4134‧‧‧Transconductance amplifier

4135‧‧‧參考信號4135‧‧‧ reference signal

4136‧‧‧逐週期峰值檢測器4136‧‧‧ Cycle-by-cycle peak detector

4137‧‧‧峰值信號4137‧‧‧peak signal

4138‧‧‧上升邊緣遮沒元件4138‧‧‧Rising edge blanking element

4140‧‧‧晶片4140‧‧‧ wafer

4142、4144、4146、4148、4149‧‧‧端子4142, 4144, 4146, 4148, 4149‧‧‧ terminals

4143‧‧‧回饋信號4143‧‧‧Feedback signal

4147‧‧‧感測信號4147‧‧‧Sensing signal

4150‧‧‧退磁檢測元件4150‧‧‧Demagnetization detection element

4151‧‧‧Demag 信號4151‧‧‧ Demag signal

4158‧‧‧電容器4158‧‧‧ capacitor

4160‧‧‧振盪器4160‧‧‧Oscillator

4162‧‧‧時鐘信號4162‧‧‧clock signal

4166‧‧‧AND閘4166‧‧‧AND gate

4168‧‧‧調節信號4168‧‧‧Adjustment signal

4170‧‧‧積分器4170‧‧‧ integrator

4172‧‧‧輸出信號4172‧‧‧ Output signal

4181‧‧‧電壓信號4181‧‧‧ voltage signal

4182‧‧‧比較器4182‧‧‧ Comparator

4183‧‧‧信號4183‧‧‧ signal

4184‧‧‧乘法器4184‧‧‧Multiplier

4185、4187、4191‧‧‧信號4185, 4187, 4191‧‧ signals

4190‧‧‧觸發器元件4190‧‧‧Flip-flop components

4192‧‧‧驅動元件4192‧‧‧ drive components

4193‧‧‧驅動信號4193‧‧‧Drive signal

4210、4220、4230、4240、4242、4250、4260、4262、4270、4280‧‧‧波形4210, 4220, 4230, 4240, 4242, 4250, 4260, 4262, 4270, 4280‧‧‧ waveforms

4310‧‧‧發光二極體4310‧‧‧Lighting diode

4400‧‧‧電源變換系統4400‧‧‧Power Conversion System

4410‧‧‧初級繞組4410‧‧‧Primary winding

4412‧‧‧次級繞組4412‧‧‧Secondary winding

4413‧‧‧輸入電壓4413‧‧‧ Input voltage

4414‧‧‧輔助繞組4414‧‧‧Auxiliary winding

4415‧‧‧AC輸入信號4415‧‧‧AC input signal

4419‧‧‧輔助電壓4419‧‧‧Auxiliary voltage

4420、4422、4424‧‧‧電阻器4420, 4422, 4424‧‧‧ resistors

4426、4430‧‧‧開關4426, 4430‧‧ ‧ switch

4428‧‧‧放大器4428‧‧Amplifier

4434‧‧‧跨導放大器4434‧‧‧Transconductance amplifier

4435、4437、4447‧‧‧信號4435, 4437, 4447‧‧‧ signals

4436‧‧‧逐週期峰值檢測器4436‧‧‧ Cycle-by-cycle peak detector

4438‧‧‧上升邊緣遮沒元件4438‧‧‧Rising edge blanking element

4440‧‧‧晶片4440‧‧‧ wafer

4442、4444、4446、4448‧‧‧端子4442, 4444, 4446, 4448‧‧‧ terminals

4443‧‧‧回饋信號4443‧‧‧Feedback signal

4450‧‧‧退磁檢測元件4450‧‧‧Demagnetization detection element

4451、4462、4468、4472‧‧‧信號4451, 4462, 4468, 4472‧‧ signals

4458‧‧‧電容器4458‧‧‧ capacitor

4460‧‧‧振盪器4460‧‧‧Oscillator

4466‧‧‧AND閘4466‧‧‧AND gate

4470‧‧‧積分器4470‧‧‧ integrator

4481‧‧‧電壓信號4481‧‧‧ voltage signal

4482‧‧‧比較器4482‧‧‧ Comparator

4483‧‧‧電流信號4483‧‧‧ Current signal

4484‧‧‧乘法器4484‧‧‧Multiplier

4485‧‧‧輸出信號4485‧‧‧ Output signal

4490‧‧‧觸發器元件4490‧‧‧Flip-flop components

4492‧‧‧驅動元件4492‧‧‧Drive components

4493‧‧‧驅動信號4493‧‧‧Drive signal

4510‧‧‧發光二極體4510‧‧‧Lighting diode

圖1是用於具有次級側控制的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的簡化傳統示圖；圖2是示出返馳式電源變換系統的輸出電壓和輸出電流特性的簡化傳統示圖；圖3是具有初級側感測和調節的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的簡化傳統示圖；圖4是具有初級側感測和調節的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的另一簡化傳統示圖；圖5是具有初級側感測和調節的開關模式返馳式電源變換系統的又一簡化傳統示圖；圖6是示出返馳式電源變換系統的傳統操作機制的簡化示圖；圖7是根據本發明一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖8是根據本發明實施例之由作為開關模式電源變換系統一部分的元件執行的信號採樣和保持的簡化時序圖；圖9是示出根據本發明實施例用於開關模式電源變換系統的輸出電壓調整的某些元件的簡化示圖；圖10是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統一部分的元件之用於產生Demag 信號的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖11是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統一部分的元件之用於產生Sampling_clk 信號的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖12是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統一部分的元件之用於產生Sampling_clk 信號的簡化時序圖；圖13是根據本發明另一實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖14(a)是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的部分的元件和誤差放大器的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖14(b)是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統中元件的一部分的電流源的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖15(a)是示出作為根據本發明另一實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的部分的元件和誤差放大器的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖15(b)是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統中元件的一部分的電流源的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖16是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的部分的元件和誤差放大器的CMOS實現的簡化示圖；圖17是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的一部分的元件的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖18是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的一部分的用於恒定輸出電流(CC)控制的元件的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖19是用於由作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的一部分的脈衝拷貝電路產生D2C 信號的簡化時序圖；圖20是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統500的一部分之用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖21是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖22是作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統一部分的退磁檢測元件的簡化示圖；圖23是根據本發明實施例包括如圖21和圖22所示的退磁檢測元件的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖24是根據本發明另一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖25是示出作為根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的一部分的用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件的某些設備的簡化示圖；圖26是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖27是根據本發明某些實施例分別作為開關模式電源變換系統一部分的用於電流感測(CS)峰值調整的元件的簡化時序圖；圖28是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖29是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖30是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統一部分的逐週期峰值檢測器的簡化示圖；圖31是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統一部分的逐週期峰值檢測器的簡化時序圖；圖32是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖33是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖34是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統一部分的積分器的簡化示圖；圖35是根據本發明實施例包括如圖33和圖34所示的積分器的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖36是作為根據本發明實施例之電源變換系統一部分的振盪器的簡化示圖；圖37是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖38是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的某些電流的簡化時序圖；圖39是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖40是根據本發明又一實施例用於向發光二極體供電的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖41是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖42是根據本發明實施例之開關模式電源變換系統的簡化時序圖；圖43是根據本發明又一實施例用於向發光二極體供電的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；圖44是根據本發明又一實施例具有初級側感測和調整的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖；以及圖45是根據本發明又一實施例用於向發光二極體供電的開關模式電源變換系統的簡化示圖。1 is a simplified conventional diagram for a switch mode flyback power conversion system with secondary side control; FIG. 2 is a simplified conventional diagram showing output voltage and output current characteristics of a flyback power conversion system; 3 is a simplified conventional diagram of a switch mode flyback power conversion system with primary side sensing and regulation; and FIG. 4 is another simplified conventional diagram of a switch mode flyback power conversion system with primary side sensing and regulation Figure 5 is yet another simplified conventional diagram of a switch mode flyback power conversion system with primary side sensing and regulation; Figure 6 is a simplified diagram showing the conventional operating mechanism of a flyback power conversion system; Is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system having primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 8 is a signal sampling and hold performed by an element that is part of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Simplified timing diagram of FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram showing certain elements for output voltage adjustment of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. A switch mode power conversion system according to the embodiment of the present invention, elements of the embodiment for generating a simplified diagram of a part of some apparatus Demag signal; FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a part of the element according to the embodiment of a switch mode power conversion system according to the present invention A simplified diagram of some of the apparatus for generating a Sampling_clk signal; FIG. 12 is a simplified timing diagram showing the generation of a Sampling_clk signal as an element of a portion of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; A simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 14(a) is a simplified diagram showing certain components of an element and an error amplifier as part of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 (b) is a simplified diagram showing some of the devices as a current source for a portion of the components in a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 (a) is shown as A simplified diagram of some of the components of the switched mode power conversion system and certain devices of the error amplifier of another embodiment of the invention; Figure 15(b) A simplified diagram showing certain devices that are current sources that are part of the elements of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 16 is a diagram showing portions of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A simplified diagram of a CMOS implementation of components and error amplifiers; FIG. 17 is a simplified diagram showing certain devices of components that are part of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; A simplified diagram of some of the apparatus for constant output current (CC) control of a portion of a switched mode power conversion system of an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 19 is for use as a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention A portion of the pulse copy circuit produces a simplified timing diagram of the D2C signal; FIG. 20 is a diagram showing certain components for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment as part of a switched mode power conversion system 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A simplified diagram of a device; FIG. 21 is a switch mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 is a simplified diagram of a demagnetization detecting element as part of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 23 is a demagnetization detection as shown in Figures 21 and 22 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is a simplified pictorial diagram of a switched mode power conversion system having primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 25 is a diagram showing implementation as a method in accordance with the present invention; A simplified diagram of some of the apparatus for current sensing (CS) peaking of a portion of a switched mode power conversion system; FIG. 26 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 27 is a simplified timing diagram of elements for current sensing (CS) peak adjustment, respectively, as part of a switched mode power conversion system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 28 is a primary side feel in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. A simplified diagram of a measured and adjusted switched mode power conversion system; FIG. 29 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 30 is a simplified diagram of a cycle-by-cycle peak detector as part of a power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 31 is a simplified timing of a cycle-by-cycle peak detector as part of a power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 32 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 33 is a switch mode with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. A simplified diagram of a power conversion system; FIG. 34 is a simplified diagram of an integrator as part of a power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 35 includes an integrator as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system; FIG. 36 is a simplified diagram of an oscillator as part of a power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 37 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 38 is a simplified timing diagram of certain currents of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 39 is based on A further simplified embodiment of a switch mode power conversion system having primary side sensing and adjustment; and FIG. 40 is a simplified illustration of a switched mode power conversion system for powering a light emitting diode in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 41 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system with primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 42 is a simplified timing diagram of a switched mode power conversion system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 43 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system for powering a light emitting diode in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 44 is a switch mode power conversion having primary side sensing and adjustment in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. A simplified diagram of a system; and FIG. 45 is a simplified diagram of a switched mode power conversion system for powering a light emitting diode in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.

500．．．開關模式電源變換系統500. . . Switch mode power conversion system

502．．．初級繞組502. . . Primary winding

504．．．次級繞組504. . . Secondary winding

506．．．輔助繞組506. . . Auxiliary winding

508、514、528．．．輸出信號508, 514, 528. . . output signal

510、512、580．．．電阻器510, 512, 580. . . Resistor

516、530、552、566．．．端子516, 530, 552, 566. . . Terminal

520、522、534、538、540、542、546、568．．．元件520, 522, 534, 538, 540, 542, 546, 568. . . element

524．．．誤差放大器524. . . Error amplifier

526．．．電容器526. . . Capacitor

532．．．負載補償的元件532. . . Load compensated component

536、556、564、570、572、574．．．信號536, 556, 564, 570, 572, 574. . . signal

544、558、592．．．控制信號544, 558, 592. . . control signal

548．．．驅動信號548. . . Drive signal

550．．．開關550. . . switch

560．．．時鐘信號560. . . Clock signal

562．．．振盪器562. . . Oscillator

582．．．電流582. . . Current

590．．．晶片590. . . Wafer

Claims

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組有關，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流相關聯；一斜坡信號產生器，配置以接收該輸出信號並且產生一斜坡信號；一第一比較器，配置以接收該斜坡信號和一第一閾值信號，並且至少基於與該斜坡信號和該第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第一比較信號；一第二比較器，配置以接收一第二感測信號和一第二閾值信號並且產生一第二比較信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一次級繞組的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且向一開關輸出一驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；以及該系統還配置以使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定。A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding being associated with at least one output current of the power converter; a ramp signal generator configured to receive the output signal and generate a ramp signal; a first comparator configured to receive the ramp signal and a first threshold signal and generate a first comparison signal based on at least information associated with the ramp signal and the first threshold signal; a second comparator configured Receiving a second sensing signal and a second threshold signal and generating a second comparison signal, the second sensing signal and a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the primary winding of the power converter Corresponding; a second signal generator configured to receive at least the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal and generate an adjustment signal; and a gate drive Configuring to receive the adjustment signal and output a drive signal to a switch, the switch configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding; wherein: the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the drive signal and the switch The cycle is associated; and the system is further configured to maintain a constant ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching cycle.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統，還配置以使該第二感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。The system of claim 1, further configured to maintain a peak of the second sensed signal constant in size.

如申請專利範圍第2項所述的系統，還配置以使該輸出電流保持恒定。The system of claim 2, further configured to maintain the output current constant.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統，其中：該斜坡信號產生器包括一電容器、一電流源和一電流槽；其中：該電容器被配置為在該輸出信號為一第一邏輯位準時通過該電流槽被放電，並且在該輸出信號為一第二邏輯位準時通過該電流源被充電；以及該電容器還配置以輸出該斜坡信號。The system of claim 1, wherein: the ramp signal generator comprises a capacitor, a current source and a current sink; wherein: the capacitor is configured to pass when the output signal is at a first logic level The current sink is discharged and is charged by the current source when the output signal is at a second logic level; and the capacitor is further configured to output the ramp signal.

如申請專利範圍第4項所述的系統，其中：該第一邏輯位準是邏輯高位準；以及該第二邏輯位準是邏輯低位準。The system of claim 4, wherein: the first logic level is a logic high level; and the second logic level is a logic low level.

如申請專利範圍第1項所述的系統，其中，該第二信號產生器包括一觸發器元件。The system of claim 1, wherein the second signal generator comprises a flip-flop element.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；至少基於與該第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一輸出信號，該輸出信號與退磁相關聯；接收該輸出信號；至少基於與該輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生一斜坡信號；接收該斜坡信號和一第一閾值信號；處理與該斜坡信號和該第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該斜坡信號和該第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第一比較信號；接收一第二感測信號和一第二閾值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一次級繞組的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該第二感測信號和該第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第二感測信號和該第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第二比較信號；接收該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號；處理與該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊來向一開關輸出一驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；以及使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定。A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving a first sense signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary The winding is associated with at least one output current of the power converter; generating an output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensed signal, the output signal being associated with demagnetization; receiving the output signal; based at least on the output signal The associated information generates a ramp signal; receiving the ramp signal and a first threshold signal; processing information associated with the ramp signal and the first threshold signal; at least based on correlating with the ramp signal and the first threshold signal The information generates a first comparison signal; receiving a second sensing signal and a second threshold signal, the second sensing signal and a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the primary winding of the power converter Correlating current; processing information associated with the second sensing signal and the second threshold signal; based at least on the second sensing signal and the second threshold signal The associated information generates a second comparison signal; receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; processing information associated with the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; based at least on the first comparison signal And the information associated with the second comparison signal generates an adjustment signal; receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting a drive signal to a switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first flow through the primary winding a current; wherein: the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the drive signal is associated with a switching period; and the ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period is maintained constant.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以至少接收一輸入信號並且至少產生與退磁相關聯的一輸出信號，該輸入信號至少與一電源變換器的一輸出電流相關聯；一第一控制器，配置以至少接收該輸出信號，並且至少基於與該輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生一第一控制信號；一第二控制器，配置以接收一第一感測信號和一第一閾值信號並且產生一第二控制信號，該第一感測信號與流經該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一振盪器，配置以至少接收該第一控制信號，並且至少基於與該第一控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生一時鐘信號；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收該時鐘信號和該第二控制信號，並且至少產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以至少接收該調節信號並且向一開關至少輸出一驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；以及該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；其中，該系統還配置以：使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使該第一感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive at least one input signal and at least generate an output signal associated with demagnetization, the input signal being coupled to at least a power converter An output current is associated; a first controller configured to receive at least the output signal and to generate at least a first control signal based on at least information associated with the output signal; a second controller configured to receive a a first sensing signal and a first threshold signal and generating a second control signal, the first sensing signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter; an oscillator configured to Receiving at least the first control signal and generating at least one clock signal based on at least information associated with the first control signal; a second signal generator configured to receive at least the clock signal and the second control signal, and Generating at least one adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive at least the adjustment signal and output at least one drive to a switch No. the switch is configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding; wherein: the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; and the drive signal is associated with a switching period; wherein the system is further configured to: The ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period remains constant; and the peak of the first sensing signal is kept constant in magnitude.

如申請專利範圍第8項所述的系統，還包括：一補償元件，配置以至少產生一補償信號；其中：該輸入信號是該補償信號與一第二感測信號的組合；該第二感測信號與耦合到該電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯；以及該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的該輸出電流有關。The system of claim 8, further comprising: a compensation component configured to generate at least one compensation signal; wherein: the input signal is a combination of the compensation signal and a second sensing signal; The sense signal is associated with a first winding coupled to the primary winding of the power converter; and the secondary winding is associated with at least the output current of the power converter.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：至少接收一輸入信號，該輸入信號至少與一電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；至少基於與該輸入信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生一輸出信號，該輸出信號與退磁有關；至少接收該輸出信號；處理與該輸出信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該輸出信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生一時鐘信號；接收一感測信號和一閾值信號，該感測信號與流經該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該感測信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該感測信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一控制信號；至少接收該時鐘信號和該控制信號；處理與該時鐘信號和該控制信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該時鐘信號和該控制信號相關聯的資訊來至少產生一調節信號；至少接收該調節信號；至少基於與該調節資訊相關聯的資訊向一開關至少輸出一驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使該感測信號的峰值在大小上保持恒定。 A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving at least an input signal, the input signal being associated with at least one output current of a power converter; generating at least one output based on at least information associated with the input signal a signal related to demagnetization; receiving at least the output signal; processing information associated with the output signal; generating at least one clock signal based on at least information associated with the output signal; receiving a sensing signal and a threshold a signal associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding of the power converter; processing information associated with the sensed signal and the threshold signal; based at least on the sensed signal and the threshold The signal associated information generates a control signal; receives at least the clock signal and the control signal; processes information associated with the clock signal and the control signal; at least based on information associated with the clock signal and the control signal Generating an adjustment signal; receiving at least the adjustment signal; based at least on an association associated with the adjustment information Transmitting at least one drive signal to a switch to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding; wherein: the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the drive signal is associated with a switching period; causing the demagnetization duration The ratio to the switching period is kept constant; and the peak value of the sensing signal is kept constant in magnitude.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組有關，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流相關聯；一第一斜坡信號產生器，配置以接收該第一輸出信號並且產生一第一斜坡信號；一第一比較器，配置以接收該第一斜坡信號和一第一閾值信號，並且至少基於與該第一斜坡信號和該第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第一比較信號；一峰值檢測器，配置以接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號並且產生一峰值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一放大器，配置以接收該峰值信號和一第二閾值信號並且通過一電容器產生一第二輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該放大器；一第二比較器，配置以接收該第二輸出信號和一第二斜坡信號，並且產生一第二比較信號；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號，並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且向該峰值檢測器和一開關輸出該驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal and Coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding being associated with at least one output current of the power converter; a first ramp signal generator configured to receive the first output signal and generate a first ramp signal; a first comparator configured to receive the first ramp signal and a first threshold signal, and based at least on The first ramp signal and the information associated with the first threshold signal generate a first comparison signal; a peak detector configured to receive a drive signal and a second sense signal and generate a peak signal, the second sense A signal is associated with a first current coupled to a primary winding of the power converter; an amplifier configured to receive the peak signal and a second threshold signal and to generate a second output signal through a capacitor, the capacitor Coupled to the amplifier; a second comparator configured to receive the second output signal and a second ramp signal and to generate a second comparison signal; a second signal generator configured to receive the first comparison And the second comparison signal, and generating an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and detect the peak And a switch outputting the drive signal, the switch is arranged to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統，其中：該第一輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；以及該系統還配置以使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定。 The system of claim 11, wherein: the first output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the drive signal is associated with a switching period; and the system is further configured to cause the demagnetization duration to be associated with the switch The ratio of cycles remains constant.

如申請專利範圍第12項所述的系統，還配置以使該峰值信號的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定。 The system of claim 12, further configured to maintain the average size of the peak signal constant during a first duration.

如申請專利範圍第13項所述的系統，還配置以使該輸出電流保持恒定。 The system of claim 13 is further configured to maintain the output current constant.

如申請專利範圍第11項該的系統，其中，該峰值信號表示在該驅動信號的每個開關週期內該第二感測信號的峰值大小。 The system of claim 11, wherein the peak signal represents a peak magnitude of the second sensed signal during each switching cycle of the drive signal.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統，其中：該第一斜坡信號產生器包括一電容器、一電流源和一電流槽；其中：該電容器被配置為在該第一輸出信號為一第一邏輯位準時通過該電流槽被放電，並且在該第一輸出信號為一第二邏輯位準時通過該電流源被充電；以及該電容器還配置以輸出該第一斜坡信號。 The system of claim 11, wherein: the first ramp signal generator comprises a capacitor, a current source and a current sink; wherein: The capacitor is configured to be discharged through the current slot when the first output signal is at a first logic level, and to be charged by the current source when the first output signal is at a second logic level; and the capacitor is further Configure to output the first ramp signal.

如申請專利範圍第16項所述的系統，其中：該第一邏輯位準是一邏輯高位準；以及該第二邏輯位準是一邏輯低位準。 The system of claim 16, wherein: the first logic level is a logic high level; and the second logic level is a logic low level.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統，其中，該第二信號產生器包括一觸發器元件。 The system of claim 11, wherein the second signal generator comprises a flip-flop element.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統，還包括一第二斜坡信號產生器，配置以產生該第二斜坡信號。 The system of claim 11, further comprising a second ramp signal generator configured to generate the second ramp signal.

如申請專利範圍第11項所述的系統，其中，該放大器包括一跨導放大器。 The system of claim 11, wherein the amplifier comprises a transconductance amplifier.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；至少基於與該第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一第一輸出信號，該第一輸出信號與退磁有關；接收該第一輸出信號；至少基於與該第一輸出信號相關聯的資訊產生一第一斜坡信號；接收該第一斜坡信號和一第一閾值信號；處理與該第一斜坡信號和該第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第一斜坡信號和該第一閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第一比較信號；接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一峰值信號；接收該峰值信號和一第二閾值信號；處理與該峰值信號和該第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該峰值信號和該第二閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第二輸出信號；接收該第二輸出信號和一第二斜坡信號；處理與該第二輸出信號和該第二斜坡信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第二輸出信號和該第二斜坡信號相關聯的資訊產生一第二比較信號；接收該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號；處理與該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第一比較信號和該第二比較信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出該驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving a first sense signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary The winding is associated with at least one output current of the power converter; generating a first output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensing signal, the first output signal being related to demagnetization; receiving the first output signal; Generating a first ramp signal based on the information associated with the first output signal; receiving the first ramp signal and a first threshold signal; processing information associated with the first ramp signal and the first threshold signal; Generating a first comparison signal based on the information associated with the first ramp signal and the first threshold signal; receiving a driving signal and a second sensing signal, the second sensing signal coupled to the power conversion Correlating a first current of a primary winding of the device; processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; based at least on the drive signal and the second Information associated with the sensing signal to generate a peak signal; Receiving the peak signal and a second threshold signal; processing information associated with the peak signal and the second threshold signal; generating a second output signal based on at least information associated with the peak signal and the second threshold signal; Receiving the second output signal and a second ramp signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the second ramp signal; generating at least based on information associated with the second output signal and the second ramp signal a second comparison signal; receiving the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; processing information associated with the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal; based at least on the comparison with the first comparison signal and the second comparison The signal associated information produces an adjustment signal; receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；一峰值檢測器，配置以接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號並且產生一峰值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少處理與該輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊，並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且向該峰值檢測器和一開關輸出該驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；以及該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；其中，該系統還配置以：使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使該峰值信號的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定。 A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter associated with at least one output current of the power converter; a peak detector configured to receive a drive signal and a second sense signal And generating a peak signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter; a second signal generator configured to process at least the output signal and the a correlation signal associated with the peak signal and generating an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector and a switch, the switch configured to affect the current flowing through the primary winding a first current; wherein: the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; and the drive signal is associated with a switching period; wherein the system Configured to: The ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period is kept constant; and the average magnitude of the peak signal is held constant for a first duration.

如申請專利範圍第22項所述的系統，還配置以使該輸出電流保持恒定。 The system of claim 22, further configured to maintain the output current constant.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；至少基於與該第一感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與退磁有關；接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號；處理與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；至少基於與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一峰值信號；至少處理與該輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊向一開關輸出該驅動信號，以至少影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；使該退磁持續時間與該開關週期之比保持恒定；以及使該峰值信號的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定。 A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving a first sense signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary The winding is related to at least one output current of the power converter; generating an output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensing signal, the first sensing signal being related to demagnetization; receiving a driving signal and a second sense Detecting a signal; processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sense signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter; at least based on The information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal produces a peak signal; at least processing information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; generating at least one information based on the output signal and the peak signal associated with the information Adjusting the signal; receiving the adjustment signal; and outputting the drive signal to a switch based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect at least the flow through the primary a first current of the group; wherein: the output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the drive signal is associated with a switching period; maintaining a ratio of the demagnetization duration to the switching period; and averaging the peak signal The size remains constant for a first duration.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組有關，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的輸出電流相關聯；一峰值檢測器，配置以接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號並且產生一峰值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一第二信號產生器，配置以接收該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號，並且產生一第二輸出信號；一放大器，配置以接收該第二輸出信號和一閾值信號並且通過一電容器產生一第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該放大器；一比較器，配置以接收該第三輸出信號和一斜坡信號，並且產生一比較信號；一第三信號產生器，配置以至少接收該比較信號和一時鐘信號，並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且向該峰值檢測器、該第二信號產生器和一開關輸出該驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal and Coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding being associated with at least an output current of the power converter; a peak detector configured to receive a drive signal and a second sense signal and to generate a peak signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter a second signal generator configured to receive the drive signal, the first output signal and the peak signal, and generate a second output signal; an amplifier configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal and pass a capacitor generates a third output signal, the capacitor is coupled to the amplifier; a comparator configured to receive the third output signal and a ramp signal and generate a comparison signal; a third signal generator configured to Receiving the comparison signal and a clock signal, and generating an adjustment signal; and a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the driving signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator and a switch, the switch configuration To affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，其中：該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；以及該系統還配置以使該開關週期保持恒定。 The system of claim 25, wherein: the drive signal is associated with a switching cycle; and the system is further configured to maintain the switching cycle constant.

如申請專利範圍第26項所述的系統，其中：該第一輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該退磁持續時間與該峰值信號相乘後在大小上等於一退磁峰值；以及該系統還配置以使該退磁峰值的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定。 The system of claim 26, wherein: the first output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the demagnetization duration is multiplied by the peak signal by a magnitude equal to a demagnetization peak; and the system further The configuration is such that the average size of the demagnetization peak remains constant during the first duration.

如申請專利範圍第27項所述的系統，還配置以使該輸出電流保持恒定。 The system of claim 27, further configured to maintain the output current constant.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，還配置以：使該輸出電流保持恒定；以及使功率因數保持基本上等於1。 The system of claim 25, further configured to: maintain the output current constant; and maintain the power factor substantially equal to one.

如申請專利範圍第29項所述的系統，還配置以至少將該輸出電流提供給一個或多個發光二極體。 The system of claim 29, further configured to provide at least the output current to the one or more light emitting diodes.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，還包括一振盪器，配置以產生該時鐘信號和該斜坡信號。 The system of claim 25, further comprising an oscillator configured to generate the clock signal and the ramp signal.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，其中，該第三信號產生器包括耦合到一及閘的一觸發器元件。 The system of claim 25, wherein the third signal generator comprises a flip-flop element coupled to a gate.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，其中，該第二輸出信號在大小上與該退磁持續時間和該峰值信號的積成比例。 The system of claim 25, wherein the second output signal is proportional in magnitude to the demagnetization duration and the product of the peak signal.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，其中，該峰值信號表示在該驅動信號的每個開關週期內該第二感測信號的峰值大小。 The system of claim 25, wherein the peak signal represents a peak magnitude of the second sensed signal during each switching cycle of the drive signal.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，其中，該放大器包括一跨導放大器。 The system of claim 25, wherein the amplifier comprises a transconductance amplifier.

如申請專利範圍第25項所述的系統，其中，該第二信號產生器包括一逐週期積分器，該逐週期積分器針對每個開關週期被重置。 The system of claim 25, wherein the second signal generator comprises a cycle-by-cycle integrator that is reset for each switching cycle.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組有關，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流相關聯；產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號；接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一峰值信號；接收該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號；處理與該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第二輸出信號；接收該第二輸出信號和一閾值信號；處理與該第二輸出信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第二輸出信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第三輸出信號；接收該第三輸出信號和一斜坡信號；處理與該第三輸出信號和該斜坡信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第三輸出信號和該斜坡信號相關聯的資訊產生一比較信號；接收該比較信號和一時鐘信號；處理與該比較信號和該時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該比較信號和該時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出該驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving a first sense signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding At least associated with an output current of the power converter; generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving a drive signal and a second sense signal, the second sense signal coupled to the power supply Generating a first current of a primary winding of the converter; processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sense signal; generating at least one information based on the information associated with the drive signal and the second sense signal a peak signal; receiving the driving signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the driving signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; based at least on the driving signal, the first output signal And the information associated with the peak signal generates a second output signal; receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing the second output signal and the threshold signal Associated information; based at least on a third output signal and generating the second output signal and the threshold value information associated with the signal; Receiving the third output signal and a ramp signal; processing information associated with the third output signal and the ramp signal; generating a comparison signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal and the ramp signal; receiving the Comparing a signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; receiving the adjustment signal; and based at least on The information associated with the adjustment signal outputs the drive signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；一峰值檢測器，配置以接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號並且產生一峰值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號，並且產生一第二輸出信號；一放大器，配置以接收該第二輸出信號和一閾值信號並且通過一電容器產生一第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該放大器；一第三信號產生器，配置以接收該第三輸出信號和一第一輸入信號並且產生一第四輸出信號，該第一輸入信號與由該初級繞組接收的一第二輸入信號成比例；一比較器，配置以接收該第四輸出信號和第二感測信號並產生一比較信號；一第四信號產生器，配置以至少接收該比較信號和一時鐘信號並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且向該峰值檢測器、該第二信號產生器和一開關輸出該驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal and Coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding being associated with at least one output current of the power converter; a peak detector configured to receive a drive signal and a second sense Measuring a signal and generating a peak signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter; a second signal generator configured to receive the drive signal, The first output signal and the peak signal, and generating a second output signal; an amplifier configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal and generate a third output signal through a capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the An A third signal generator configured to receive the third output signal and a first input signal and generate a fourth output signal, the first The input signal is proportional to a second input signal received by the primary winding; a comparator configured to receive the fourth output signal and the second sense signal and generate a comparison signal; a fourth signal generator configured to Receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal and generating an adjustment signal; A gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator, and a switch configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，其中，該第三信號產生器包括用於產生該第四輸出信號的一乘法器，該第四輸出信號在大小上等於該第三輸出信號乘以該第一輸入信號。 The system of claim 38, wherein the third signal generator comprises a multiplier for generating the fourth output signal, the fourth output signal being equal in magnitude to the third output signal multiplied by The first input signal.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，其中：該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；以及該系統還配置以使該開關週期保持恒定。 The system of claim 38, wherein: the drive signal is associated with a switching cycle; and the system is further configured to maintain the switching cycle constant.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，其中：該第一輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該退磁持續時間與該峰值信號相乘後在大小上等於一退磁峰值；以及該系統還配置以使該退磁峰值的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定。 The system of claim 38, wherein: the first output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the demagnetization duration is multiplied by the peak signal to be equal in magnitude to a demagnetization peak; and the system is further The configuration is such that the average size of the demagnetization peak remains constant during the first duration.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，還配置以使該輸出電流保持恒定。 The system of claim 38, further configured to maintain the output current constant.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，還配置以：使該輸出電流保持恒定；以及使功率因數保持基本上等於1。 The system of claim 38, further configured to: maintain the output current constant; and maintain the power factor substantially equal to one.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，還配置以至少將該輸出電流提供給一個或多個發光二極體。 The system of claim 38, further configured to provide at least the output current to the one or more light emitting diodes.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，其中，該第二輸出信號在大小上與該退磁持續時間和該峰值信號的積成比例。 The system of claim 38, wherein the second output signal is proportional in magnitude to the product of the demagnetization duration and the peak signal.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，其中，該峰值信號表示在該驅動信號的每個開關週期內該第二感測信號的峰值大小。 The system of claim 38, wherein the peak signal represents a peak magnitude of the second sensed signal during each switching cycle of the drive signal.

如申請專利範圍第38項所述的系統，其中，該第二信號產生器包括一逐週期積分器，該逐週期積分器針對每個開關週期被重置。 The system of claim 38, wherein the second signal generator comprises a cycle-by-cycle integrator that is reset for each switching cycle.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的輸出電流有關；產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號；接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一峰值信號；接收該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號；處理與該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第二輸出信號；接收該第二輸出信號和一閾值信號；處理與該第二輸出信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第二輸出信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第三輸出信號；接收該第三輸出信號和一第一輸入信號，該第一輸入信號與由該初級繞組接收的一第二輸入信號成比例；處理與該第三輸出信號和該第一輸入信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第三輸出信號和該第一輸入信號相關聯的資訊產生一第四輸出信號；接收該第四輸出信號和第二感測信號；處理與該第四輸出信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第四輸出信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊一產生比較信號；至少接收該比較信號和一時鐘信號；處理與該比較信號和該時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該比較信號和該時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊來輸出該驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: Receiving a first sensing signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding being associated with at least an output current of the power converter; generating a first output signal associated with demagnetization; receiving a drive signal and a second sense signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter; processing Information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak a signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; generating a second output signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; receiving The second output signal and a threshold signal; processing information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; based at least on the second output signal and the threshold The associated information generates a third output signal; receiving the third output signal and a first input signal, the first input signal being proportional to a second input signal received by the primary winding; processing and the third Generating an information associated with the first input signal; generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the third output signal and the first input signal; receiving the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal Processing information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; generating a comparison signal based on at least information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; generating an adjustment signal based on at least information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; receiving the adjustment signal; The drive signal is output based on at least information associated with the adjustment signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；一峰值檢測器，配置以接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號並且產生一峰值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少接收該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號，並且產生一第二輸出信號；一放大器，配置以接收該第二輸出信號和一閾值信號並且通過一電容器產生一第三輸出信號，該電容器被耦合到該放大器；一第三信號產生器，配置以接收該第一感測信號、該第三輸出信號和該驅動信號並且產生一第四輸出信號；一比較器，配置以接收該第四輸出信號和該第二感測信號並產生一比較信號；一第四信號產生器，配置以至少接收該比較信號和一時鐘信號並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且向該峰值檢測器、該第二信號產生器、該第三信號產生器和一開關輸出該驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate a first output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal and Coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary winding being associated with at least one output current of the power converter; a peak detector configured to receive a drive signal and a second sense Measuring a signal and generating a peak signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter; a second signal generator configured to receive the drive signal, The first output signal and the peak signal, and generating a second output signal; an amplifier configured to receive the second output signal and a threshold signal and generate a third output signal through a capacitor, the capacitor being coupled to the An third signal generator configured to receive the first sensing signal, the third output signal, and the driving signal and generate a fourth output a comparator configured to receive the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal and generate a comparison signal; a fourth signal generator configured to receive at least the comparison signal and a clock signal and generate an adjustment signal And a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to the peak detector, the second signal generator, the third signal generator, and a switch configured to affect flow through the primary winding The first current.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，其中，該第三信號產生器包括：一開關，配置以接收該第一感測信號並且由該驅動信號控制；一乘法器，配置以輸出該第四輸出信號；以及一運算放大器，被耦合到該開關和該乘法器。 The system of claim 49, wherein the third signal generator comprises: a switch configured to receive the first sensing signal and controlled by the driving signal; a multiplier configured to output the first a four output signal; and an operational amplifier coupled to the switch and the multiplier.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，其中：該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；以及該系統還配置以使該開關週期保持恒定。 The system of claim 49, wherein: the drive signal is associated with a switching cycle; and the system is further configured to maintain the switching cycle constant.

如申請專利範圍第51項所述的系統，其中：該第一輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；該退磁持續時間與該峰值信號相乘後在大小上等於一退磁峰值；以及該系統還配置以使該退磁峰值的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定。 The system of claim 51, wherein: the first output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; the demagnetization duration is multiplied by the peak signal to be equal in magnitude to a demagnetization peak; and the system is further The configuration is such that the average size of the demagnetization peak remains constant during the first duration.

如申請專利範圍第52項所述的系統，還配置以使該輸出電流保持恒定。 The system of claim 52, further configured to maintain the output current constant.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，還配置以：使該輸出電流保持恒定；以及使功率因數保持基本上等於1。 The system of claim 49, further configured to: maintain the output current constant; and maintain the power factor substantially equal to one.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，還配置以至少將該輸出電流提供給一個或多個發光二極體。 The system of claim 49, further configured to provide at least the output current to the one or more light emitting diodes.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，其中，該第二輸出信號在大小上與該退磁持續時間和該峰值信號的積成比例。 The system of claim 49, wherein the second output signal is proportional in magnitude to the demagnetization duration and the product of the peak signal.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，其中，該峰值信號表示在該驅動信號的每個開關週期內該第二感測信號的峰值大小。 The system of claim 49, wherein the peak signal represents a peak magnitude of the second sensed signal during each switching cycle of the drive signal.

如申請專利範圍第49項所述的系統，其中，該第二信號產生器包括一逐週期積分器，該逐週期積分器針對每個開關週期被重置。 The system of claim 49, wherein the second signal generator comprises a cycle-by-cycle integrator that is reset for each switching cycle.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；產生與退磁相關聯的一第一輸出信號；接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該驅動信號和第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一峰值信號；接收該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號；處理與該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號、該第一輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第二輸出信號；接收該第二輸出信號和一閾值信號；處理與該第二輸出信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第二輸出信號和該閾值信號相關聯的資訊產生一第三輸出信號；接收該第一感測信號、該第三輸出信號和該驅動信號；處理與該第一感測信號、該第三輸出信號和該驅動信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第一感測信號、該第三輸出信號和該驅動信號相關聯的資訊產生一第四輸出信號；接收該第四輸出信號和該第二感測信號；處理與該第四輸出信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該第四輸出信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一比較信號；至少接收該比較信號和一時鐘信號；處理與該比較信號和該時鐘信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該比較信號和該時鐘信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊來輸出該驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流。 A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving a first sense signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary The winding is associated with at least one output current of the power converter; generating a first output signal associated with the demagnetization; receiving a drive signal and a second sense signal, the second sense signal coupled to the power supply A first current associated with a primary winding of the converter; processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal; generating a peak based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sensed signal Receiving the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; processing information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; Generating a second output signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal, the first output signal, and the peak signal; receiving the second output signal and a threshold signal; processing is associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal Linking information; generating a third output signal based on at least information associated with the second output signal and the threshold signal; receiving the first sensing signal, the third output signal, and the driving signal; processing and the first Sensing signal, the third output signal and information associated with the driving signal; generating a fourth output signal based on at least information associated with the first sensing signal, the third output signal, and the driving signal; receiving the a fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; processing information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal; based at least on information associated with the fourth output signal and the second sensing signal Generating a comparison signal; receiving at least the comparison signal and a clock signal; processing information associated with the comparison signal and the clock signal; based at least on the comparison signal And information associated with the clock signal to generate a conditioned signal; receiving the adjustment signal; and based on information associated with at least the adjusting signal of the output drive signal, to affect the current flowing through the first primary winding.

一種用於調整電源變換器的系統，該系統包括：一第一信號產生器，配置以接收一第一感測信號並且產生與退磁相關聯的一輸出信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；一峰值檢測器，配置以接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號並且產生一峰值信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；一第二信號產生器，配置以至少處理與該輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊，並且產生一調節信號；以及一閘驅動器，配置以接收該調節信號並且至少向該峰值檢測器和一開關輸出該驅動信號，該開關配置以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；以及該退磁持續時間與該峰值信號相乘後在大小上等於一退磁峰值；其中，該系統還配置以：使該開關週期保持恒定；使該退磁峰值的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定；以及使該輸出電流保持恒定。 A system for adjusting a power converter, the system comprising: a first signal generator configured to receive a first sensed signal and generate an output signal associated with the demagnetization, the first sensed signal coupled to a first winding of a primary winding of a power converter associated with at least one output current of the power converter; a peak detector configured to receive a drive signal and a second sense signal And generating a peak signal, the second sense signal being associated with a first current flowing through a primary winding coupled to the power converter; a second signal generator configured to process at least the output signal and the The information associated with the peak signal and generating an adjustment signal; a gate driver configured to receive the adjustment signal and output the drive signal to at least the peak detector and a switch, the switch configured to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding; wherein: the drive signal is related to a switching period The output signal is associated with a demagnetization duration; and the demagnetization duration is multiplied by the peak signal by a magnitude equal to a demagnetization peak; wherein the system is further configured to: maintain the switching period constant; The average magnitude of the demagnetization peak remains constant for a first duration; and the output current is held constant.

如申請專利範圍第60項所述的系統，還配置以使功率因數保持基本上等於1。 The system of claim 60, further configured to maintain the power factor substantially equal to one.

一種用於調整電源變換器的方法，該方法包括：接收一第一感測信號，該第一感測信號與耦合到一電源變換器的一次級繞組的一第一繞組相關聯，該次級繞組至少與該電源變換器的一輸出電流有關；產生與退磁相關聯的一輸出信號；接收一驅動信號和一第二感測信號，該第二感測信號與流經耦合到該電源變換器的一初級繞組的一第一電流相關聯；處理與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該驅動信號和該第二感測信號相關聯的資訊產生一峰值信號；處理與該輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊；至少基於與該輸出信號和該峰值信號相關聯的資訊產生一調節信號；接收該調節信號；以及至少基於與該調節信號相關聯的資訊輸出該驅動信號，以影響流經該初級繞組的該第一電流；其中：該驅動信號與開關週期相關聯；該輸出信號與一退磁持續時間相關聯；以及該退磁持續時間與該峰值信號相乘後在大小上等於一退磁峰值；其中：使該開關週期保持恒定；使該退磁峰值的平均大小在一第一持續時間期間保持恒定；以及使該輸出電流保持恒定。A method for adjusting a power converter, the method comprising: receiving a first sense signal associated with a first winding coupled to a primary winding of a power converter, the secondary The winding is associated with at least one output current of the power converter; generating an output signal associated with the demagnetization; receiving a drive signal and a second sense signal, the second sense signal coupled to the power converter Correlating a first current of a primary winding; processing information associated with the drive signal and the second sense signal; generating a peak signal based on at least information associated with the drive signal and the second sense signal Processing information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; generating an adjustment signal based at least on information associated with the output signal and the peak signal; receiving the adjustment signal; and based at least on information associated with the adjustment signal Outputting the drive signal to affect the first current flowing through the primary winding; wherein: the drive signal is associated with a switching period; the output signal is Demagnetizing duration is associated; and the demagnetization duration is multiplied by the peak signal by a magnitude equal to a demagnetization peak; wherein: the switching period is kept constant; the average magnitude of the demagnetization peak is maintained for a first duration Constant; and keep the output current constant.