TWI441469B - 多輸入多輸出(mimo)正交分頻多工(ofdm)系統品質控制方法及裝置 - Google Patents
多輸入多輸出(mimo)正交分頻多工(ofdm)系統品質控制方法及裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0632—Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
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- H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
- H04L27/2646—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
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- H04L5/0046—Determination of how many bits are transmitted on different sub-channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/006—Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/0064—Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本發明係有關於無線通訊。特別是,本發明係有關於一種方法及裝置,藉以使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以將其系統容量最佳化。
正交分頻多工(OFDM)係一種有效之資料傳輸手段,其中,資料係可以分割為較短串流,且,各個串流係可以利用次載波進行傳輸,其中,次載波之頻寬係小於可供利用之全體傳輸頻寬。正交分頻多工(OFDM)之效率係源自於選擇彼此數學上正交之次載波。次載波之正交性係可以防止鄰近次載波免於彼此干擾,同時,各個次載波亦可以各自承載全體使用者資料之一部分。
基於實務考量,正交分頻多工(OFDM)可能會優於其他傳輸手段,舉例來說:分碼多重存取(CDMA)。當使用者資料分割為利用不同次載波承載之較短串流時,舉例來說,各個次載波之有效資料率可以小於全體傳輸資料率。有鑑於此,利用正交分頻多工(OFDM)手段進行傳輸之資料符號期間便可以遠大於利用其他手段進行傳輸之資料符號期間。由於較大資料符號期間得以容忍較大延遲擴散(delay spread),較大資料符號期間亦顯得更為有利。舉例來說,利用較長資料符號期間進行傳輸之資料,相較於利用較短資料符號期間進行傳輸之資料,可以較不受多重路徑影響。有鑑於此,正交分頻多工(OFDM)資料符號便可以免除典型無線通訊中常見之延遲擴散,而不需要加入額外複雜接收器以自這類多重路徑延遲回復。
多輸入多輸出(MIMO)係有關於一種無線傳輸及接收手段,其中,傳輸器及接收器均利用不止一組天線。多輸入多輸出(MIMO)系統具有各種優點,諸如:基於多重天線存在而衍生之空間多樣性及空間多工選項。另外,多輸入多輸出(MIMO)系統亦可以改善信號品質,諸如:舉例來說,信號雜訊比(SNR)、並增加資料處理能力。
除此以外,一度視為無線通訊相當負擔之多重路徑,其實際上更可以用來改善無線通訊系統之整體表現。各個多重路徑元件均承載傳輸信號之相關資訊,因此,只要能夠適度解析及收集,這些多重路徑元件應可以透露傳輸信號之更多資訊,進而改善整體通訊品質。
配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統係可以用來適度處理多重路徑,藉以改善無線通訊系統之整體表現。事實上,配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統係可以視為IEEE 802.11n標準之技術解決方案。第1圖係表示配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統100之示意圖。傳輸器102可以利用正交分頻多工(OFDM)傳輸器處理單元102a處理資料串流Tx。正交分頻多工(OFDM)處理可以包括:次載波設置及各個次載波之正交分頻多工(OFDM)調變。隨後,根據多輸入多輸出(MIMO)演算法,調變後之次載波便可以利用多輸入多輸出(MIMO)傳輸處理單元102b映射至多重天線1031
、…、103m
。當映射完成後,次載波便可以經由多重天線1031
、…、103m
同時傳輸至接收器104。
在接收器104處,調變後之次載波係可以利用多重天線1051
、…、105n
接收。多輸入多輸出(MIMO)處理單元104a
可以準備次載波以進行解調變。隨後,次載波便可以利用正交分頻多工(OFDM)接收器處理單元104b進行解調變,進而產生接收器資料。
然而,在配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統之IEEE 802.11n標準設計中,一項主要挑戰即是系統容量。目前,使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以獲致最佳化系統容量之有效方法並不存在,特別是在配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統利用大量次載波之情況下。舉例來說,“倒水”解決方案即是選擇性實施各個次載波之功率或位元設置,藉以增加系統容量之一種技術。然而,在這種技術中,傳輸器卻需要事先知道頻道狀態資訊。舉例來說,傳輸器可以利用配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統之接收器回饋,藉以預測頻道狀態資訊。然而,接收器回饋之信號發送負擔(signaling overhead)卻相當顯著,且因此,系統效能之增加可能會受限,特別是在傳輸大量資料及/或利用大量次載波之情況下。
有鑑於此,本發明之主要目的係提供其他替代手段,藉以使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以將其系統容量最佳化。
本發明係有關於一種方法及裝置,藉以使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以將其系統容量最佳化。在接收器處,目標服務品質(QoS)度量及參考資料率係可以設定。目標服務品質(QoS)度量可以設定為預定數值及/或可以基於封包錯誤率(PER)而利用慢速外部迴路控制處理器動態調整。接收信號之服務品質(QoS)係可以量測並與目標服務品質(QoS)比較。基於比較結果,接收器便可以產生頻道品質指標(CQI),藉以回傳至傳輸器處。頻道品質指標(CQI)可以是單位元或二位元指標,藉以指示傳輸器失能、調整、或維持特定次載波、各個傳輸天線之次載波群組、或全體傳輸天線之次載波群組之傳輸資料率。在傳輸器處,資料率可以關閉、增加、減少、或維持。在接收器處,目標服務品質(QoS)度量及參考資料率便可以據此調整。針對各個次載波群組之資料訊框,這種程序可以反覆實施。
本發明可以實施於無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)或基地台(BS)中。術語“無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)”係包括、但不限於使用者設備(UE)、行動站台、固定或移動用戶單元、傳呼器、或能夠操作於無線環境之任何其他類型裝置。除此以外,術語“基地台(BS)”係包括、但不限於B節點、位置控制器、無線網路基地台(AP)、或無線環境之任何其他類型界面裝置。
除此以外,本發明較佳實施例之元件可以整合於單一積體電路(IC)、多重積體電路(IC)、複數互連元件、或互連元件及積體電路(IC)之任意組合。
在本發明較佳實施例中,配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統可以利用品質量測將其系統容量最佳化。在品質量測觀察之移動視窗範圍內,這些品質量測可以連續偵測、周期或定期偵測。在配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統之接收器中,啟始或目標服務品質(QoS)度量及對應啟始參考資料率係可以設定。接收信號之服務品質(QoS)係可以量測並與目標服務品質(QoS)比較。基於比較結果,接收器便可以產生某種頻道品質指標(CQI),藉以回傳至接收信號之原始傳輸器。頻道品質指標(CQI)可以是單位元或二位元指標,藉以告知傳輸器失能、調整、或維持特定次載波、或各個傳輸天線之次載波群組之資料率(也就是說,四分調幅(QAM)之調變等級及頻道編碼率)。在傳輸器處,資料率可以關閉、增加、減少、或維持。在接收器處,目標服務品質(QoS)度量及參考資料率便可以據此調整。針對各個次載波群組之資料訊框,這種程序可以反覆實施。當頻道品質指標(CQI)回傳至原始傳輸器以後,傳輸資料率便可以基於頻道品質指標(CQI)而進行失能、調整、或維持,並且,在接收器處,目標服務品質(QoS)度量及參考資料率亦可以據此調整。隨後,針對各個次載波群組之各個接收信號,這種程序係可以反覆實施。在第2圖中,以上觀念係可以進一步說明。
第2圖係表示本發明系統最佳化演算法之流程圖200。為方便說明起見,信號干擾比(SIR)係表示配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統範例之服務品質(QoS)度量。應該注意的是,然而,應該注意的是,位元錯誤率(BER)或諸如此類之服務品質(QoS)度量亦可以應用於本發明較佳實施例中,藉以適應特定使用者之需求。
在接收器201內部,啟始目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)係可以設定(步驟202)。較佳者,目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)可以經由接收器201內部之預定儲存裝置取得,諸如:舉例來說,對照表。或者,目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)亦可以基於封包錯誤率(PER)而利用慢速外部迴路控制處理器動態調整。
配合目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)之設定(步驟202),啟始參考資料率(qr
)可以設定為預定數值(步驟204)。雖然本發明較佳實施例係可以用來使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以將其資料率最佳化,然而,熟習此項技術者亦應該瞭解:本發明較佳實施例亦可以用來使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以將其傳輸功率最佳化。
在目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)及啟始參考資料率(qr
)設定以後(分別為步驟202及步驟204),接收器201便可以量測接收第i次載波群組(SIRm
)之第j資料訊框之信號干擾比(SIR)(步驟206)。次載波群組係預定為單一次載波、給定傳輸天線之次載波群組、或多重傳輸天線之次載波群組。第3A至3C圖係表示各種次載波群組。舉例來說,傳輸天線302及304可以分別利用八個次載波3021
、3022
、…、3028
及3041
、3042
、…、3048
各自傳輸資料。在第3A圖中,各個次載波3021
、3022
、…、3028
及3041
、3042
、…、3048
係可以預定為具有單一次載波306a至306p之次載波群組。在第3B圖中,天線302之次載波3021
、3022
、…、3028
係可以群組為兩個次載波群組308a及308b。同樣地,天線304之次載波3041
、3042
、…、3048
係可以群組為兩個次載波群組308c至308d。第3C圖係表示次載波群組310a至310c,其可以同時包括天線302及304之次載波。
隨後,第i次載波群組之量測信號干擾比(SIR)(SIRm
)(步驟206)可以與目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)比較,藉以基於下列方程式(1)計算其間差異:
ΔSIRmt(i,j)
=SIRm(i,j)
-SIRt(i,j)
方程式(1)
其中,i係表示個別次載波群組之號碼,且,j係表示個別資料訊框之號碼(步驟208)。隨後,量測信號干擾比(SIRm
)及目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)間之計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
可以與臨界數值比較(步驟210)。臨界數值可以是接收器201儲存之預定數值,藉以表示目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)之可接受負數變異。若計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
之負數變異大於臨界數值所容許,亦即:計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
小於負臨界數值,則二位元頻道品質指標(CQI),諸如:舉例來說,“00”,便可以產生、並傳送至傳輸器(圖中未示)(步驟210a)。“00”頻道品質指標(CQI)係可以通知傳輸器(圖中未示),藉以中斷目前第i次載波群組之傳輸。
否則,若計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
未超過預定臨界位準,則計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
係可以與傳輸資料率(q)關連信號干擾比(SIR)數值及次一最高資料率(q+1)(ΔSIRq(i,q)
)關連信號干擾比(SIR)數值間之差異比較(步驟212),藉以決定計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
是否足夠大以增加目前資料率。為形成上述決定,接收器201可以利用對照表以表示傳輸資料率DATA RATE(q)與其關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)之關係。上述對照表係可以經由一系列量測或經由模擬產生,且,上述對照表係可以儲存於接收器201內部。在上述對照表中,關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)係表示資料率(q)及對照表中次一最高資料率(q+1)間之信號干擾比(SIR)差異。因此,若計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
大於給定次載波群組(i)之給定資料訊框(j)之關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq
)半數,(亦即:ΔSIRmt(i,j)
>ΔSIRq(i,q)
/2),則計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
係足夠大以增加資料率(q)至資料率(DATA RATE)對照表之次一最高資料率(q+1)。
有鑑於此,二位元頻道品質指標(CQI),諸如:舉例來說,“10”,係可以產生、並傳送至傳輸器(圖中未示)(步驟212a)。“10”頻道品質指標(CQI)係可以通知傳輸器(圖中未示),藉以增加目前資料率(q)至資料率(DATA RATE)對應關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq
)之對照表中次一最高資料率(q+1)(步驟212b),及,藉以基於下列方程式(2)調整目標信號干擾比SIR(i,j)
(步驟212c):
SIRt(i,j)
=SIRt(i,j-1)
+ΔSIRq(i,q)
/2 方程式(2)
其中,SIRt(i,j-1)
係表示前一資料訊框之目標信號干擾比(SIR)。或者,SIRt(i,j-1)
係可以基於下列方程式(3)進行調整(步驟212c):
SIRt(i,j)
=SIRt(i,j-1)
+[ΔSIRmt(i,j)
-ΔSIRmt(i,j-1)
] 方程式(3)
然而,若決定計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
不大於關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq(i,j)
)半數(步驟212),則計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
可以與關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq(i,q)
)比較(步驟214),藉以決定計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
是否足夠小以降低資料率(q)至對照表中次一最低資料率(q-1)。為形成上述決定,接收器201可以同樣利用與步驟212所述之資料率(DATA RATE)對應關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)對照表。然而,在上述比較中,若計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
小於負關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq(i,q)
)半數,亦即:ΔSIRmt(i,j)
<-((ΔSIRq(i,q)
)/2),則二位元頻道品質指標(CQI),諸如:舉例來說,“01”,係可以產生、並傳送至傳輸器(圖中未示)(步驟214)。“01”頻道品質指標(CQI)係可以通知傳輸器(圖中未示),藉以降低資料率(q)至資料率(DATA RATE)對應關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)對照表中次一最低資料率(q-1)(步驟214b),及,藉以基於下列方程式(4)調整目標信號干擾比SIRt(i,j)
(步驟214c):
SIRt(i,j)
=SIRt(i,j-1)
-ΔSIRq/2 方程式(4)
其中,SIRt(i,j-1)
係表示前一資料訊框之目標信號干擾比(SIR)。或者,SIRt(i,j1)
係可以基於下列方程式(5)進行調整(步驟214c):
SIRt(i,j)
=SIRt(i,j-1)
-[ΔSIRmt(i,j)
-ΔSIRmt(i,j-1)
] 方程式(5)
應該瞭解的是,步驟212及步驟214之資料率(DATA RATE)對應關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)對照表中連續資料率(亦即:步階大小)之差異並不見得是完全相同的。事實上,上述差異可以根據使用者需求而有所改變。舉例來說,針對前X個資料訊框(瞬變狀態),資料率(DATA RATE)對應關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)對照表中連續資料率(亦即:步階大小)之差異可以是四(4)。另外,針對前X個資料訊框後之所有資料訊框(穩定狀態),資料率(DATA RATE)對應關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq)對照表中連續資料率(亦即:步階大小)之差異可以是一(1)。
在比較給定次載波群組(i)(ΔSIRmt(i,j)
)之給定資料訊框(j)之量測信號干擾比(SIRm
)及目標信號干擾比(SIRt
)與步驟210之臨界數值及步驟212至步驟214之關連信號干擾比差異(ΔSIRq(i,j)
)以後,我們便可以決定計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
是否位於臨界數值內部(步驟210),及,是否既不足夠大以增加目前資料率(步驟212)且亦不足夠小以降低目前資料率(步驟214)。若計算差異ΔSIRmt(i,j)
符合上述條件,則二位元頻道品質指標(CQI),諸如:舉例來說,“11”,便可以產生、並傳送至傳輸器(圖中未示)(步驟216)。“11”頻道品質指標(CQI)係可以告知傳輸器(圖中未示),藉以利用目前資料率繼續進行傳輸。
應該注意的是,這種程序之步驟206至步驟216係包括循環演算法,藉以針對所有次載波群組(i)及所有資料訊框(j)重覆實施。另外,給定次載波群組(i)及資料訊框(j)之目標信號干擾比(SIRt(i,j)
)及參考資料率q(i,j)係可以各自作為第i次載波群組之次一資料訊框(j+1)之參考信號干擾比(SIRt
)及參考資料率qr
。經由連續更新傳輸資料率,配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統便得以逐漸達到其最佳系統效能位準。
第4圖係表示配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統400,其係具有裝置以利用本發明較佳實施例之品質量測位元將其系統容量最佳化。傳輸器402係可以利用正交分頻多工(OFDM)處理單元402a處理資料串流Tx。這種正交分頻多工(OFDM)處理係包括:次載波設置及各個次載波之正交分頻多工(OFDM)調變。隨後,調變之次載波便可以利用多輸入多輸出(MIMO)傳輸器處理單元402b之多輸入多輸出(MIMO)演算法,藉以映射至多重天線4031
、4032
、…、403m
。當映射完成以後,次載波便可以經由多重天線4031
、4032
、…、403m
同時傳輸至接收器404。
在接收器404處,調變之次載波係可以利用多重天線4051
、4052
、…、405n接收。接收之次載波係可以傳送至多輸入多輸出(MIMO)接收器處理單元404a,藉以利用反向多輸入多輸出(MIMO)演算法準備次載波之解調變。隨後,多輸入多輸出(MIMO)解碼次載波係可以傳送至正交分頻多工(OFDM)接收器單元404b以進行其解調變。接著,解調變資料係可以傳送至頻道品質量測單元404c,一個資料訊框接著一個資料訊框,其中,各個資料訊框均可以獲得一個品質量測。隨後,各個品質量測便可以依序與頻道品質比較單元404d之目標品質度量比較。基於比較結果,頻道品質指標(CQI)信號發送單元404e便可以產生各個量測資料訊框之單位元或二位元頻道品質指標(CQI)、並將頻道品質指標(CQI)傳送至多工單元404f以進行後續處理。隨後,上述頻道品質指標(CQI)係可以利用正交分頻多工(OFDM)傳輸器單元404g調變、並經由多輸入多輸出(MIMO)傳輸器單元404h映射至多重天線4051
、4052
、…、405n
以傳送至傳輸器402。
在傳輸器402處,編碼之頻道品質指標(CQI)係可以利用多重天線4031
、4032
、…、403m
接收,藉以準備利用多輸入多輸出(MIMO)接收器單元402c解調變,及,藉以利用正交分頻多工(OFDM)接收器單元402d解調變。當解調變完成以後,擷取資料便可以傳送至頻道品質指標(CQI)回復單元402e,藉以擷取及處理單位元或二位元頻道品質指標(CQI)。隨後,正交分頻多工(OFDM)處理單元402e便可以根據處理之頻道品質指標(CQI)資訊,利用次一傳輸器資料串流設置及調變次載波。隨後,這種程序係可以反覆實施,藉以交替增加(或減少)給定次載波之資料率,進而使其系統容量最佳化。
在本發明另一較佳實施例中,頻道品質指標(CQI)亦可以傳送為一位元指標,其中,二進位位元之某一種狀態可以通知傳輸器以增加資料率至較高位準,且,二進位位元之另一種狀態則可以通知傳輸器以減少傳輸資料率至較低位準。
雖然本發明之特徵及元件已利用各個較佳實施例之特定組合詳細說明如上,然而,本發明較佳實施例之各種特徵及元件亦可以單獨使用,而不需要本發明較佳實施例之其他特徵及元件,或者,本發明較佳實施例之各種特徵及元件亦可以具有各種組合,而不需要包含或排除本發明較佳實施例之其他特徵及元件。進一步而言,本發明較佳實施例之特徵及元件亦可以實施於單一積體電路(IC),諸如:特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)、分離元件、或分離元件及積體電路(IC)之組合。另外,本發明亦可以實施於任何類型之無線通訊系統。在部分部署中,積體電路(IC)/分離元件亦可以具有部分特徵及元件,其可能部分或全部失能或撤銷。
雖然本發明已利用較佳實施例詳細說明如上,然而,熟習此項技術人士,在不違背本發明保護範圍之前提下,亦可以進行各種調整及變動。有鑑於此,本發明保護範圍應當以下列申請專利範圍為準。
102、402...傳輸器
1031
~103m
、1051
~105n
4031
~403m
、4051
~405n
...多重天線
104、404...接收器
302、304...傳輸天線
3021
~3028
、3041
~3048
...次載波
306a~306p、308a~308d...次載波群組
400...配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統
本發明可以參考詳細說明(其係舉實例說明以便於理解)、並配合所附圖式進一步解釋如下,其中:
第1圖係表示配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統之電路示意圖;
第2圖係表示使配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統得以將其系統容量最佳化之方法流程圖;
第3A、3B、及3C圖係表示各種次載波群組之示意圖;以及
第4圖係表示配合多輸入多輸出(MIMO)天線使用之正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統,其係具有裝置以將其系統容量最佳化。
Claims (10)
- 一種被配置以在無線通信中提供回饋的無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),該WTRU包括:至少一處理器,被配置用於接收一正交分頻多重存取(OFDM)信號;其中該OFDM信號包括複數個次載波;其中該至少一處理器被配置用於為該複數個次載波的複數個群組中的各群組執行一品質測量;其中該至少一處理器被配置以決定與一頻道品質指標(CQI)表相關聯的一第一值;其中該第一值表明一資料速率;其中在該CQI表中的複數個資料速率之間的差異不一致;其中該至少一處理器被配置用於為該複數個群組中的各群組決定介於該第一值以及與該群組相關聯的一值之間的該頻道品質指標(CQI)表中的一差異的一n位元指示,以回應於該群組的該品質測量;其中該至少一處理器更被配置以傳輸該複數個n位元指示。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),其中該複數個n位元指示各為一2位元指示。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),其中該複數個n位元指示中的每一個n位元指示與一基地台的所有傳輸天線相關聯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),其中該至少一處理器被配置以接收一多輸入多輸出(MIMO)OFDM信號;其中該MIMO OFDM信號包括複數個MIMO信號;其中該複數個n位元指示中的每一個n位元指示與該複數個MIMO信號其中之一以及該複數個次載波的該複數個群組其中之一相關聯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU),其中該品質測量為一信號干擾比(SIR)。
- 一種用於在無線通信中提供回饋的方法,該方法包括:由一無線傳輸/接收單元(WTRU)接收一正交分頻多重存取(OFDM)信號;其中該OFDM信號包括複數個次載波;為該複數個次載波的複數個群組中的各群組執行一品質測量;決定與一頻道品質指標(CQI)表相關聯的一第一值;其中該第一值表明一資料速率;其中在該CQI表中的複數個資料速率之間的差異不一致;為該複數個群組中的各群組決定介於該第一值以及與該群組相關聯的一值之間的該頻道品質指標(CQI)表中的一差異的一n位元指示,以回應於該群組的該品質測量;其中該至少一處理器更被配置以傳送該複數個n位元指示。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的方法,其中該複數個n位元指示各為一2位元指示。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的方法,其中該複數個n位元指示中的每一個n位元指示與一基地台的所有傳輸天線相關聯。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的方法,其中該OFDM信號為一多輸入多輸出(MIMO)OFDM信號;其中該MIMO OFDM信號包括複數個MIMO信號;其中該複數個n位元指示中的每一個n位元指示與該複數個MIMO信號其中之一以及該複數個次載波的該複數個群組其中之一相關聯。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的方法,其中該品質測量為一信號干擾比(SIR)。
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2005
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- 2005-07-21 KR KR1020077007545A patent/KR20070046976A/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2005-07-21 CN CN201210216048.7A patent/CN102752095B/zh active Active
- 2005-07-21 CA CA002574901A patent/CA2574901A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-21 WO PCT/US2005/025926 patent/WO2006020339A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-07-22 TW TW100102383A patent/TWI441469B/zh active
- 2005-07-22 TW TW098101137A patent/TWI405425B/zh active
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