TWI412656B - Door opening and closing device - Google Patents
Door opening and closing device Download PDFInfo
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- TWI412656B TWI412656B TW99136956A TW99136956A TWI412656B TW I412656 B TWI412656 B TW I412656B TW 99136956 A TW99136956 A TW 99136956A TW 99136956 A TW99136956 A TW 99136956A TW I412656 B TWI412656 B TW I412656B
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- piston rod
- cylinder
- door
- gas
- piston
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010041235 Snoring Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003339 best practice Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
- E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
- E05F1/14—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with double-acting springs, e.g. for closing and opening or checking and closing no material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/02—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with pneumatic piston brakes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/21—Brakes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
- E05Y2201/254—Fluid or viscous friction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/262—Type of motion, e.g. braking
- E05Y2201/264—Type of motion, e.g. braking linear
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
- E05Y2201/41—Function thereof for closing
- E05Y2201/412—Function thereof for closing for the final closing movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
- E05Y2201/422—Function thereof for opening
- E05Y2201/424—Function thereof for opening for the final opening movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/40—Physical or chemical protection
- E05Y2800/422—Physical or chemical protection against vibration or noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Landscapes
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是關於：「用來輔助門之開閉」的門緩閉器(door check)等所使用的壓缸裝置。The present invention relates to a cylinder device used for a door check or the like for "opening and closing of a door".
以下的門緩閉器已被大眾所知悉：藉由將彈簧緩衝器等的壓缸裝置鏈接結合於鉸鏈門(hinged door)，對門的開閉作用彈力、衰減力，而使門自動的關閉、或調整其關閉速度，此外，將門保持於開啟位置。傳統上，就利用該種彈簧緩衝器等之壓缸裝置的門緩閉器而言，有著如專利文獻1所記載的裝置。The following door shutters have been known to the public: by coupling a cylinder device such as a spring damper to a hinged door, the door is opened and closed to exert an elastic force and a damping force, and the door is automatically closed, or Adjust the closing speed and, in addition, keep the door in the open position. Conventionally, a door shutter using a cylinder device such as a spring damper has a device as disclosed in Patent Document 1.
專利文獻1所記載的門緩閉器，是藉由將「使壓縮線圈彈簧的彈力朝作動活塞桿之伸長方向作用」的彈簧緩衝器，鏈接結合於鉸鏈門的門與門框之間，而對應於門的開度，當門位於關閉位置附近時，賦予關閉方向的力量，此外，當門位於全開位置附近時，則將門保持於開啟位置。The door shutter described in Patent Document 1 is linked and coupled between the door of the hinged door and the door frame by a spring damper that "acts the elastic force of the compression coil spring in the direction in which the piston rod is extended". At the opening of the door, when the door is in the vicinity of the closed position, the force in the closing direction is given, and when the door is in the vicinity of the fully open position, the door is held in the open position.
[專利文獻1]日本特開2008-2124號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2008-2124
然而，在上述專利文獻1所記載的技術中，具有以下的問題：在彈簧緩衝器位於被收縮至最短之中間位置的場合中，將導致產生較強的彈力。因此，即使在門位於開關閉位置的中間時，也將形成「作用彈力(指彈力發生作用)」的情形，以致在「欲將門保持於開關閉位置之中間」的場合中存在問題。However, in the technique described in the above Patent Document 1, there is a problem in that when the spring damper is located at the intermediate position where it is contracted to the shortest position, a strong elastic force is generated. Therefore, even when the door is in the middle of the open/close position, the "acting elastic force (referring to the elastic force generating action)" is formed, so that there is a problem in the case where "the door is to be held in the middle of the open/close position".
本發明的目的是提供一種：解決上述問題點的壓缸裝置。It is an object of the present invention to provide a cylinder device that solves the above problems.
為了解決上述的課題，本發明是由「被連結於鉸鏈門的門與門框之間，當前述門位於關閉位置及全開位置時形成伸長狀態，當位於關閉位置與全開位置之間的位置時則形成縮短狀態」的壓缸裝置所構成，且用來輔助前述門之開閉的門開閉裝置，其特徵為：前述壓缸裝置具備：壓缸，該壓缸已封入有作動流體；和活塞，該活塞是可滑動地嵌裝於該壓缸內；和活塞桿，該活塞桿連結於該活塞，且延伸至前述壓缸的外部；和減衰力產生機構，該減衰力產生機構是用來控制由前述活塞在前述壓缸內的滑動所引起之作動液的流動，並發生衰減力；和彈簧構件，該彈簧構件被設於前述壓缸內，當前述活塞桿從前述壓缸突出的長度為特定長度以上時，朝伸長方向對該前述活塞桿作用彈力，當未達特定長度時，則不對前述活塞桿作用彈力；及非固定的活塞(free piston)，該非固定的活塞在前述壓缸內被嵌裝成可滑動，且在與前述壓缸的底部之間形成氣體室；在前述氣體室內封入有特定壓力的氣體，該特定壓力的氣體相對於「作用於前述活塞桿之氣體」的反作用力，是較「可使前述門在關閉位置與全開位置之間的特定區間形成靜止」的大氣壓力更大。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is constituted by "between a door connected to a hinged door and a door frame, and when the door is in a closed position and a fully open position, an extended state is formed, and when it is located between a closed position and a fully open position, a door opening and closing device for forming a shortening state of the cylinder device and for assisting opening and closing of the door, wherein the cylinder device includes a pressure cylinder in which an operating fluid is sealed, and a piston. a piston is slidably fitted in the cylinder; and a piston rod coupled to the piston and extending to the outside of the cylinder; and a damping force generating mechanism for controlling the damping force generating mechanism a flow of the hydraulic fluid caused by the sliding of the piston in the pressure cylinder and a damping force; and a spring member disposed in the pressure cylinder, wherein the length of the piston rod protruding from the pressure cylinder is specific When the length is more than above, the elastic force is applied to the piston rod in the direction of elongation, and when the specific length is not reached, the elastic force is not applied to the piston rod; and the free piston is not fixed. The non-fixed piston is fitted to be slidably fitted in the cylinder, and a gas chamber is formed between the bottom of the cylinder and the bottom of the cylinder; a gas of a specific pressure is enclosed in the gas chamber, and the gas of the specific pressure is relative to the The reaction force acting on the gas of the piston rod is larger than the atmospheric pressure that "stable the specific portion of the door between the closed position and the fully open position".
根據本發明，可輔助門的開閉，並使門在特定的區間靜止。According to the present invention, the opening and closing of the door can be assisted and the door can be stationary in a specific section.
以下，根據圖面詳細地說明本發明的一個實施形態。本實施形態之用於門開關裝置的壓缸裝置由第1圖所示，其重要部分的放大則由第2圖所示。如第1圖及第2圖所示，壓缸裝置1是對活塞桿2作用反斥力(反作用力)，也就是所謂的彈簧緩衝器，在構成壓缸之略有底的筒狀壓缸構件3的開口端部，***有「內周部形成與活塞桿2滑動之軸承」的活塞桿導具4，活塞桿導具4，是將壓缸構件3的開口端部予以歛縫(縮徑)後固定。在活塞桿導具4的內側安裝有油封5，該油封5為橡膠製且在內部埋入有金屬環，是用來將壓缸構件3的內部與外部之間予以密封。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The cylinder device for the door opening and closing device of the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 1, and the enlargement of the important portion is shown in Fig. 2. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cylinder device 1 acts on the piston rod 2 with a repulsive force (reaction force), that is, a so-called spring damper, and a cylindrical bottom cylinder member that constitutes a slightly bottomed cylinder. A piston rod guide 4 having a "bearing in which the inner peripheral portion forms a bearing sliding with the piston rod 2" is inserted into the open end portion of the piston rod 3, and the piston rod guide 4 is caulked (reduced diameter) at the open end portion of the cylinder member 3. ) Fixed afterwards. An oil seal 5 is attached to the inner side of the piston rod guide 4, and the oil seal 5 is made of rubber and has a metal ring embedded therein for sealing between the inside and the outside of the cylinder member 3.
此外，在壓缸構件3之中間部的內部安裝有中間導具6，藉由該中間導具6將壓缸構件3的內部劃分為：底部側的壓缸部7、與開口部側的活塞桿導引部8。在該中間導具6，用來連通壓缸部7與活塞桿導引部8的通路6A是貫穿於軸方向。中間導具6是嵌合於壓缸構件3內，且藉由使壓缸構件3的側壁朝內側歛縫(縮徑)而被固定。而該中間導具6，雖然亦可與活塞桿導具4相同，形成與活塞桿2滑動的軸承，但在該場合中，由於必須提高活塞桿導具2與中間導具6之間的同心度，故就製造性而言，使中間導具6的內徑大於活塞桿導具4的方式較佳。非固定的活塞(free piston)9是可滑動地嵌合於壓缸部7，且由非固定的活塞9，將壓缸部7內劃分成：底部側的氣體室10、與中間導具6側的壓缸室11。Further, an intermediate guide 6 is attached to the inside of the intermediate portion of the cylinder member 3, and the inside of the cylinder member 3 is divided by the intermediate guide 6 into a cylinder portion 7 on the bottom side and a piston on the opening side. Rod guide 8. In the intermediate guide 6, the passage 6A for connecting the cylinder portion 7 and the piston rod guide portion 8 is inserted in the axial direction. The intermediate guide 6 is fitted into the cylinder member 3, and is fixed by caulking (reducing the diameter) of the side wall of the cylinder member 3 inward. The intermediate guide 6 may be the same as the piston rod guide 4 to form a bearing that slides with the piston rod 2. However, in this case, it is necessary to increase the concentricity between the piston rod guide 2 and the intermediate guide 6. In terms of manufacturability, the inner diameter of the intermediate guide 6 is preferably larger than that of the piston rod guide 4. A non-fixed piston 9 is slidably fitted to the cylinder portion 7, and the inside of the cylinder portion 7 is divided into a gas chamber 10 on the bottom side and an intermediate guide 6 by a non-fixed piston 9. The cylinder chamber 11 on the side.
活塞桿2是可滑動且液密地貫穿活塞桿導具4與油封5，而***壓缸構件3。活塞桿2的基端側，是貫穿中間導具6並延伸至壓缸室11的內部為止，在該前端部連結著活塞12。活塞12是可滑動地嵌合於壓缸部7，在其外周安裝有O型環13，而將壓缸室11內劃分成下述的2個室：中間導具6側的活塞桿側室11A、及非固定的活塞9側的底側室11B。接著，在壓缸室11及活塞桿導引部8內，封入作動液，並在氣體室10內封入後述之特定壓力的氣體。雖然該氣體可採用壓縮空氣之類的任一種氣體，但就不活潑的特性(指不易與其他物質產生反應)而言，最好為氮氣。The piston rod 2 is slidably and liquid-tightly inserted through the piston rod guide 4 and the oil seal 5, and is inserted into the cylinder member 3. The proximal end side of the piston rod 2 extends through the intermediate guide 6 and extends into the interior of the cylinder chamber 11, and the piston 12 is coupled to the distal end portion. The piston 12 is slidably fitted to the cylinder portion 7, and an O-ring 13 is attached to the outer circumference thereof, and the inside of the cylinder chamber 11 is divided into two chambers: a piston rod side chamber 11A on the intermediate guide 6 side, And a bottom side chamber 11B on the side of the non-fixed piston 9. Next, in the cylinder chamber 11 and the piston rod guide portion 8, the operating fluid is sealed, and a gas of a specific pressure, which will be described later, is sealed in the gas chamber 10. Although the gas may be any gas such as compressed air, it is preferably nitrogen gas in terms of inactive characteristics (meaning that it is not easily reacted with other substances).
在活塞12，將活塞桿側室11A與底側室11B予以連通的連通路14是沿著軸方向貫穿，在連通路14設有衰減力產生機構15。衰減力產生機構15是由「被安裝於活塞12之活塞桿側室11A側的端面，且用來開閉連通路14」的碟盤狀閥體所形成，該碟盤狀閥體是在活塞桿2的歛縫(縮徑)部2a之間，可滑動地(1.5mm左右)嵌插於軸方向。藉此，可作為「通常是封閉連通路14，僅容許從底側室11B朝活塞桿側室11A之作動液的流通」的單向閥而發揮作用。此外，在衰減力產生機構15設有孔口(orifice)，該孔口(orifice)使由「使底側室11B與活塞桿側室11A常保連通」的小孔、缺口等所形成。藉此，根據伸長側的行程與縮回側的行程而設置減衰係數的差。In the piston 12, the communication passage 14 that communicates the piston rod side chamber 11A and the bottom side chamber 11B is penetrated in the axial direction, and the damping passage generating mechanism 15 is provided in the communication passage 14. The damping force generating mechanism 15 is formed by a disk-shaped valve body that is attached to the end surface of the piston 12 on the side of the piston rod side chamber 11A and that opens and closes the communication passage 14". The disk-shaped valve body is on the piston rod 2 The caulking (reduced diameter) portion 2a is slidably inserted (about 1.5 mm) in the axial direction. In this way, it is possible to function as a check valve that normally "closes the communication passage 14 and allows only the flow of the hydraulic fluid from the bottom chamber 11B toward the piston rod side chamber 11A". Further, the damping force generating mechanism 15 is provided with an orifice which is formed by a small hole, a notch or the like which "maintains the bottom side chamber 11B and the piston rod side chamber 11A". Thereby, the difference in the attenuation coefficient is set in accordance with the stroke on the extension side and the stroke on the retracted side.
然而，雖然在本實施形態中，減衰力是構成取決於活塞速度，且構成不取決於行程位置，但為了僅在最小長度附近降低減衰力，亦可在壓缸內周面設置「延伸於軸方向」的溝，而使減衰係數根據行程位置而變化。However, in the present embodiment, the damping force is configured depending on the piston speed, and the configuration does not depend on the stroke position. However, in order to reduce the damping force only in the vicinity of the minimum length, the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder may be provided with "extending from the shaft. The groove of the direction changes the coefficient of decay according to the stroke position.
此外，在本實施形態中，由於減衰力是構成取決於活塞速度，而構成在行程位置，也就是指壓缸構件3內之活塞12的滑動位置，減衰力特性為一定。在本文中，所謂的「減衰力特性為一定」是表示：減衰力僅由活塞部所決定之意。Further, in the present embodiment, the fading force is configured to be at the stroke position depending on the piston speed, that is, the sliding position of the piston 12 in the cylinder member 3, and the fading force characteristic is constant. In this paper, the so-called "reducing failure characteristic is constant" means that the damping force is determined only by the piston portion.
在活塞桿導引部8設有：用來對活塞桿2作用彈力的彈簧機構16。以下，針對彈簧機構16的構造進行說明。將圓筒狀的導引套筒17***壓缸構件3的活塞桿導引部8內，使其兩端部抵接於油封5及中間導具6而被固定於軸方向上。在導引套筒17的中間部形成有內周溝，也就是指內周離合溝18。導引套筒17，考慮到內周離合溝18的加工性，在內周離合溝18之中間導具6側的端部，於軸方向上分割成2個部份，而由第1導引套筒17A及第2導引套筒17B的2個部份所形成，在油封5側的第1導引套筒17A形成有：成為內周離合溝18的凹部。導引套筒17，雖然基於強度上的考量，最好為金屬製，但為了輕量化，亦可採用經強化的合成樹脂。The piston rod guide portion 8 is provided with a spring mechanism 16 for applying an elastic force to the piston rod 2. Hereinafter, the structure of the spring mechanism 16 will be described. The cylindrical guide sleeve 17 is inserted into the piston rod guide portion 8 of the cylinder member 3, and both end portions thereof abut against the oil seal 5 and the intermediate guide 6 to be fixed in the axial direction. An inner circumferential groove is formed in the intermediate portion of the guiding sleeve 17, that is, the inner circumferential clutch groove 18. The guide sleeve 17 is divided into two portions in the axial direction by the first guide in consideration of the workability of the inner circumferential clutch groove 18, and the end portion of the inner circumferential clutch groove 18 on the intermediate guide 6 side. The sleeve 17A and the second guide sleeve 17B are formed in two parts, and the first guide sleeve 17A on the oil seal 5 side is formed with a recess that becomes the inner circumference clutch groove 18. Although the guide sleeve 17 is preferably made of metal based on strength considerations, a reinforced synthetic resin may be used for weight reduction.
第1及第2導引套筒17A、17B，其外徑略小於壓缸構件3之活塞桿導引部8的內徑，且在第1及第2導引套筒17A、17B之各自的兩端部附近形成有外周溝19、20，在外周溝19、20則分別嵌合有O型環21、22。如此一來，第1及第2導引套筒17A、17B，在與活塞桿導引部8之間具有些微的間隙，且隔著O型環21、22而被彈性地支承。The first and second guide sleeves 17A and 17B have an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the piston rod guide portion 8 of the cylinder member 3, and are respectively formed by the first and second guide sleeves 17A and 17B. The outer circumferential grooves 19 and 20 are formed in the vicinity of both end portions, and the O-rings 21 and 22 are fitted to the outer circumferential grooves 19 and 20, respectively. As a result, the first and second guide sleeves 17A and 17B have a slight gap with the piston rod guide portion 8 and are elastically supported via the O-rings 21 and 22.
在活塞桿2，面向導引套筒17且在中間部形成有外周溝，也就是指外周離合溝23。內周離合溝18與外周離合溝23，其深度大致相等，此外，上述的軸方向端部形成錐狀。The piston rod 2 faces the guiding sleeve 17 and is formed with a peripheral groove at the intermediate portion, that is, the outer peripheral clutch groove 23. The inner circumferential clutch groove 18 and the outer circumferential clutch groove 23 have substantially the same depth, and the axial end portion has a tapered shape.
在導引套筒17與活塞桿2之間，圓筒狀的離合器構件24是可滑動地沿著軸方向被導引。在離合器構件24的側壁貫穿有複數個「以放射狀被等間隔配置」的球孔25。在各個球孔25，成為凸輪構件的轉動體，也就是指球體26(鋼球)是可移動地沿著球孔25的軸方向(離合器構件24的徑方向)***。球體26的直徑，與球孔25的直徑大致相等，此外，形成大致等於「離合器構件24的材料厚度、與內周離合溝18之深度(與外周離合溝18的深度相等)的總合」。藉此，球體26在「離合器構件24被***導引套筒17與活塞桿2之間」的狀態下，一定會形成：卡合於活塞桿2之外周離合溝23的狀態(請參考第1圖)、或者卡合於導引套筒17之內周離合溝18的狀態(請參考第2圖)。由作為球體26之保持構件的離合器構件24、與球體26構成：卡脫於活塞桿2的離合器手段。Between the guide sleeve 17 and the piston rod 2, the cylindrical clutch member 24 is slidably guided in the axial direction. A plurality of "holes 25 arranged radially at equal intervals" are inserted through the side wall of the clutch member 24. Each of the ball holes 25 is a rotor of the cam member, that is, the ball 26 (steel ball) is movably inserted in the axial direction of the ball hole 25 (the radial direction of the clutch member 24). The diameter of the ball 26 is substantially equal to the diameter of the ball hole 25, and is formed to be substantially equal to "the total thickness of the material thickness of the clutch member 24 and the depth of the inner circumferential clutch groove 18 (equal to the depth of the outer circumferential clutch groove 18). Thereby, in the state in which the "clutch member 24 is inserted between the guide sleeve 17 and the piston rod 2", the ball 26 is surely formed in a state of being engaged with the outer clutch groove 23 of the piston rod 2 (please refer to the first Fig. 7 or the state in which the clutch groove 18 is engaged with the inner circumference of the guide sleeve 17 (refer to Fig. 2). The clutch member 24 as the holding member of the ball 26 and the ball 26 are configured as a clutch means for snapping off the piston rod 2.
在中間導具6與離合器構件24之間，嵌設有作為彈簧手段的線圈彈簧27(壓縮彈簧)，並藉由其彈力而將離合器構件24持續朝向油封5側彈推。在離合器構件24的其中一端部，圓筒狀的彈簧承接部28是一體地形成於同心上，線圈彈簧27的其中一端部嵌合於彈簧承接部28的外周，且結合於離合器構件24。此外，在中間導具6的其中一端部，圓筒狀的彈簧承接部29一體地形成於同心上，線圈彈簧的另一端部嵌合於彈簧承接部29的外周，且結合於中間導具6。藉由利用上述的彈簧承接部28、29來定位線圈彈簧27的兩端部，可使線圈彈簧27順利地伸縮。此外，離合器構件24及中間導具6之彈簧承接部28、29的前端部是形成錐狀，當線圈彈簧27伸縮時，構成線圈彈簧27的線材是設成不會干涉彈簧承接部28、29。藉此，既可確實地將線圈彈簧27予以定位，又可防止因線材的干涉所導致之異音的產生。A coil spring 27 (compression spring) as a spring means is interposed between the intermediate guide 6 and the clutch member 24, and the clutch member 24 is continuously urged toward the oil seal 5 side by the elastic force thereof. At one end portion of the clutch member 24, the cylindrical spring receiving portion 28 is integrally formed concentrically, and one end portion of the coil spring 27 is fitted to the outer circumference of the spring receiving portion 28, and is coupled to the clutch member 24. Further, at one end portion of the intermediate guide 6, the cylindrical spring receiving portion 29 is integrally formed concentrically, and the other end portion of the coil spring is fitted to the outer circumference of the spring receiving portion 29, and is coupled to the intermediate guide 6 . By positioning the both end portions of the coil spring 27 by the spring receiving portions 28 and 29 described above, the coil spring 27 can be smoothly expanded and contracted. Further, the front end portions of the spring receiving portions 28, 29 of the clutch member 24 and the intermediate guide 6 are tapered, and when the coil spring 27 is expanded and contracted, the wire constituting the coil spring 27 is disposed so as not to interfere with the spring receiving portions 28, 29 . Thereby, the coil spring 27 can be surely positioned, and the generation of abnormal sound due to the interference of the wire can be prevented.
在壓缸構件3的底部及活塞桿2之突出側的前端部，分別安裝有用來鏈接結合壓缸裝置1的安裝部30、31，上述安裝部30、31的形狀，可以設成配合門等被安裝構件的形狀。Mounting portions 30 and 31 for linking the press cylinder device 1 are attached to the bottom portion of the cylinder member 3 and the front end portion of the piston rod 2 on the protruding side, and the mounting portions 30 and 31 may be shaped to fit the door or the like. The shape of the component being mounted.
接下來，參考第3圖說明「安裝了壓缸裝置1作為門開閉裝置」的鉸鏈門。第3圖，是從俯視角度觀看「安裝了壓缸裝置1作為門開閉裝置」之鉸鏈門60的其中一例的說明圖。如第3圖所示，鉸鏈門60，是藉由鉸鏈62(hinge)而將門63可開閉地安裝於門框61，第3圖中的圖號(A)，是表示門63的關閉位置，圖號(C)是表示從關閉位置(A)開啟約90°的全開位置，圖號(B)是表示在關閉位置(A)與全開位置(C)間之特定的中立位置(在本實施形態中，是從關閉位置(A)開啟約45°的位置)。而全開位置亦可設定成90°以上，譬如180°。Next, a hinged door in which "the cylinder device 1 is mounted as a door opening and closing device" will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of the hinged door 60 in which the "cylinder device 1 is attached as the door opening and closing device" is viewed from a plan view. As shown in Fig. 3, the hinged door 60 is attached to the door frame 61 by means of a hinge 62 so that the door 63 can be opened and closed. The figure (A) in Fig. 3 shows the closed position of the door 63. The number (C) is a fully open position indicating that the closed position (A) is opened by about 90°, and the figure (B) is a specific neutral position between the closed position (A) and the fully open position (C) (in the present embodiment) In the middle, it is about 45° from the closed position (A). The fully open position can also be set to 90° or more, such as 180°.
壓缸裝置1可作為輔助門板63之開閉的門開關裝置使用，該門開閉裝置是將壓缸構件3側的安裝部30可轉動地銷結合於「被固定於門框61側」的托架64，且活塞桿2側的安裝部31可轉動地銷結合於「被固定於門板63側」的托架65，而安裝於鉸鏈門60。由本實施形態的壓缸裝置1；及其安裝具，也就是指托架64、65及鉸鏈62(hinge)構成本發明的門開閉裝置。The cylinder device 1 can be used as a door opening and closing device for opening and closing the auxiliary door panel 63. The door opening and closing device rotatably couples the mounting portion 30 on the side of the cylinder member 3 to the bracket 64 that is fixed to the side of the door frame 61. The mounting portion 31 on the side of the piston rod 2 is rotatably coupled to the bracket 65 that is "fixed to the side of the door panel 63", and is attached to the hinged door 60. The cylinder device 1 of the present embodiment; and its mounting means, that is, the brackets 64, 65 and the hinges 62, constitute the door opening and closing device of the present invention.
第3圖所示之鉸鏈62的形狀，於托架64、65的安裝位置，在壓缸裝置1被安裝於鉸鏈門60的狀態下，當活塞桿2在門板63位於關閉位置(A)或全開位置(C)時，伸長長度變得最大，當門板63位於中間位置(B)時，伸長長度則變得最小。該位置關係在一般的室內門中，是最常被使用之狀態的最適當位置關係。但是，通常在較全開位置稍微前方的位置，設有用來防止門把朝牆壁撞擊之門的止擋器。而上述第3圖以外之鉸鏈62的形狀，在托架64、65之安裝位置的場合，當位於關閉位置(A)或全開位置(C)時，也有伸長長度不會變成最大的時候，此外，當位於中立位置(B)時，也有伸長長度不會變成最小的時候。The shape of the hinge 62 shown in Fig. 3 is at the mounting position of the brackets 64, 65, in a state where the cylinder device 1 is attached to the hinged door 60, when the piston rod 2 is in the closed position (A) of the door panel 63 or In the fully open position (C), the elongation length becomes maximum, and when the door panel 63 is at the intermediate position (B), the elongation length becomes the smallest. This positional relationship is the most appropriate positional relationship in the most commonly used interior door. However, a stopper for preventing the door handle from hitting the door is usually provided at a position slightly forward of the fully open position. Further, in the case where the shape of the hinge 62 other than the above-mentioned Fig. 3 is at the attachment position of the brackets 64 and 65, when the position is at the closed position (A) or the fully open position (C), the length of the extension does not become maximum, and When it is in the neutral position (B), there is also a time when the elongation length does not become minimum.
參考第3圖，在門板63位於「從中間位置(B)起之開閉方向的特定範圍內」的場合中，活塞桿2從壓缸構件3突出的長度，是位於從最小位置起的特定範圍位。此時，如第2圖所示，活塞桿2的外周離合溝23是相對於導引套筒17的內周離合溝18而位於中間導具6側。在該狀態下，被***離合器構件24之球孔25的球體26，是卡合於導引套筒17的內周離合溝18，且抵接於活塞桿2的外周面而限制朝徑方向內側的移動，進而相對於導引套筒17將離合器構件24固定於軸方向，並容許活塞桿2之軸方向的移動。如此一來，線圈彈簧27的彈力變成由「藉由球體26，相對於導引套筒17而被固定軸方向上」的離合器構件24所支承，不會對活塞桿2作用。該範圍被稱為自由區間。Referring to Fig. 3, in the case where the door panel 63 is located within the "specific range of the opening and closing direction from the intermediate position (B)", the length of the piston rod 2 protruding from the cylinder member 3 is a specific range from the minimum position. Bit. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer circumferential clutch groove 23 of the piston rod 2 is located on the intermediate guide 6 side with respect to the inner circumferential clutch groove 18 of the guide sleeve 17. In this state, the ball 26 inserted into the ball hole 25 of the clutch member 24 is engaged with the inner circumferential clutch groove 18 of the guide sleeve 17, and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 2 to restrict the inner side in the radial direction. The movement, in turn, fixes the clutch member 24 in the axial direction with respect to the guide sleeve 17, and allows the movement of the piston rod 2 in the axial direction. As a result, the elastic force of the coil spring 27 is supported by the clutch member 24 "in the direction of the fixed axis by the ball 26 with respect to the guide sleeve 17," and does not act on the piston rod 2. This range is called the free interval.
另外，藉由活塞12相對於「活塞桿2的伸縮」所產生的移動，而使壓缸室11內的作動液流通至連通路14，而由衰減力產生機構15作用衰減力。此時，在活塞桿2的伸長行程時，相對於「作動液從連通路14的桿側室11A側朝底側室11B側的流動」，衰減力產生機構15發揮作為孔口的功能，而產生特定的衰減力。此外，在縮回行程時，衰減力產生機構15容許「作動液從連通路14的底側室11B側朝活塞桿側室11A側的流動」，而使衰減力變小。Further, the movement of the piston 12 with respect to the "expansion and contraction of the piston rod 2" causes the operating fluid in the cylinder chamber 11 to flow to the communication passage 14, and the damping force generating mechanism 15 acts on the damping force. At this time, in the elongation stroke of the piston rod 2, the damping force generating mechanism 15 functions as an orifice with respect to the "flow of the operating fluid from the rod side chamber 11A side of the communication passage 14 toward the bottom side chamber 11B side". The damping force. Further, at the time of the retracting stroke, the damping force generating means 15 allows the "flow of the operating fluid from the side of the bottom side chamber 11B of the communication passage 14 toward the side of the piston rod side chamber 11A" to reduce the damping force.
在前述的自由區間，線圈彈簧27的彈力不會對「活塞桿2的伸縮」作用，主要僅作用：由活塞12的移動所衍生的減衰力、及氣體室10內之氣體的壓力。因此，藉由充分降低氣體室10內之氣體的壓力，在自由區間，可在幾乎不產生抵抗的狀態下使活塞桿2自由地伸縮，而促使門63自由地朝開閉兩個方向移動。In the above-described free section, the elastic force of the coil spring 27 does not act on the "expansion and contraction of the piston rod 2", and mainly acts only on the fading force derived from the movement of the piston 12 and the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber 10. Therefore, by sufficiently reducing the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber 10, the piston rod 2 can be freely expanded and contracted in a free section in a state where the resistance is hardly generated, and the door 63 is caused to freely move in both the opening and closing directions.
一旦門板63越過自由區間(譬如，從(B)位置起±25°的範圍，亦即50°)而移動至關閉位置(A)或全開位置(C)附近為止時，便如第1圖所示，活塞桿2將伸長，其外周離合溝23將越過導引套筒17的內周離合溝18而朝油封5側移動。此時，活塞桿2從壓缸構件3突出的長度達到特定長度，當活塞桿2的外周離合溝23通過導引套筒17的內周離合溝18時，「卡合於內周離合溝18，而將離合器構件24固定於導引套筒17」的球體26將卡合於活塞桿2的外周離合溝23，離合器構件24將解除對導引套筒17之軸方向的固定，並相對於活塞桿2而固定於軸方向上。藉此，線圈彈簧27的彈力將透過離合器構件24而作用於活塞桿2，而將活塞桿2朝伸長方向彈推。如此一來，門板63在位於關閉位置(A)附近的場合中，將自動地移動至關閉位置(A)為止，此外在位於全開位置(C)附近的場合中，則自動地移動至全開位置(C)為止後形成保持。這樣的區間被稱為彈推區間(譬如，在兩側分別為20°)。Once the door panel 63 has moved beyond the free section (for example, a range of ±25° from the position of (B), that is, 50°) to the vicinity of the closed position (A) or the fully open position (C), as shown in Fig. 1 It is shown that the piston rod 2 will expand, and the outer circumferential clutch groove 23 will move over the inner circumferential clutch groove 18 of the guide sleeve 17 toward the oil seal 5 side. At this time, the length of the piston rod 2 protruding from the cylinder member 3 reaches a certain length. When the outer circumferential clutch groove 23 of the piston rod 2 passes through the inner circumference clutch groove 18 of the guide sleeve 17, "engages with the inner circumference clutch groove 18". The ball 26 that fixes the clutch member 24 to the guiding sleeve 17" will engage with the outer circumferential clutch groove 23 of the piston rod 2, and the clutch member 24 will release the fixing of the guiding sleeve 17 in the axial direction, and relative to The piston rod 2 is fixed in the axial direction. Thereby, the elastic force of the coil spring 27 acts on the piston rod 2 through the clutch member 24, and the piston rod 2 is pushed in the extending direction. As a result, when the door panel 63 is located near the closed position (A), it will automatically move to the closed position (A), and in the case of the vicinity of the fully open position (C), it will automatically move to the fully open position. (C) Formed and held up to the end. Such an interval is called a bombing interval (for example, 20° on both sides).
在該彈推區間，由於衰減力產生機構15相對於活塞桿2的伸長而如先前所述地發揮孔口的功能，產生特定的衰減力，故能適度地使門板63的移動速度減速，可減輕門板63於開閉時的衝擊及噪音。In the pop-up section, since the damping force generating mechanism 15 functions as an orifice as described above with respect to the extension of the piston rod 2, a specific damping force is generated, so that the moving speed of the door panel 63 can be appropriately decelerated. The impact and noise of the door panel 63 during opening and closing are reduced.
當活塞桿2從壓缸構件3突出的長度形成特定長度而切換上述的自由區間與彈推區間時，因為球體26卡合於導引套筒17的內周離合溝18或活塞桿23的外周離合溝23，而產生若干的敲擊聲。相對於該現象，由於導引套筒17A、17B是由O型環21、22所彈性地支承，而不會直接接觸於壓缸構件3，故能降低傳達至壓缸構件3的敲擊聲，並抑制噪音的產生。When the length of the piston rod 2 protruding from the cylinder member 3 is formed to a specific length to switch the above-described free section and the elastic section, since the ball 26 is engaged with the outer circumference of the guide sleeve 17 or the outer circumference of the piston rod 23 The clutch groove 23 is generated to generate a number of knocking sounds. With respect to this phenomenon, since the guide sleeves 17A, 17B are elastically supported by the O-rings 21, 22 without directly contacting the cylinder member 3, the knocking sound transmitted to the cylinder member 3 can be reduced. And suppress the generation of noise.
而在上述的實施形態中，只要是可藉由卡合於內周離合溝18及外周離合溝23，而將離合器構件24選擇性地固定於導引套筒17或活塞桿2，也可以採用滾子等其他的轉動體、或者「不會轉動地形成滑動」的凸輪構件，來取代球體26。此外，減衰力產生機構15亦可附加：利用可調整作動液之流路面積的閥機構、閘門機構等，來調整減衰力的減衰力調整機構。In the above embodiment, the clutch member 24 can be selectively fixed to the guide sleeve 17 or the piston rod 2 by being engaged with the inner circumferential clutch groove 18 and the outer circumferential clutch groove 23, and may be employed. Instead of the spherical body 26, another rotating body such as a roller or a cam member that "slides without rotating" is replaced. Further, the fading force generating mechanism 15 may be provided with a damper force adjusting mechanism that adjusts the fading force by a valve mechanism or a shutter mechanism that can adjust the flow path area of the actuating liquid.
雖然在上述的自由區間中，為了能使門63維持靜止狀態，必須將壓缸裝置1之氣體室10內的氣體壓力予以充分地降低，而使作用於活塞桿2之氣體的反作用力充分地變小，但倘若降低該氣體壓，則容易在活塞桿2的伸縮時產生空洞現象(cavitation)，「因空洞現象所引發之窸窣聲(嘶嘶聲)」將成為問題。特別是「在住宅的客廳等安靜的室內使用」的場合中，窸窣聲的發生將成為問題。相對於此，雖然可藉由提高氣體室10內之氣體的壓力，來抑制空洞現象的產生，進而降低窸窣聲的發生，但倘若氣體的壓力過高，將因為作用於活塞桿2之氣體的反作用力，使門63在自由區間內朝開啟或關閉的方向移動，而無法獲得使門63靜止之必要的功能。In the free section described above, in order to maintain the door 63 in a stationary state, the gas pressure in the gas chamber 10 of the cylinder device 1 must be sufficiently lowered, and the reaction force of the gas acting on the piston rod 2 is sufficiently It is small, but if the gas pressure is lowered, it is easy to cause a cavitation during the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 2, and "the click sound due to the void phenomenon" becomes a problem. In particular, in the case of "use in a quiet indoor room such as a living room of a house", the occurrence of snoring will become a problem. On the other hand, although the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber 10 can be increased, the occurrence of the void phenomenon can be suppressed, and the occurrence of the click sound can be reduced. However, if the pressure of the gas is too high, the gas acting on the piston rod 2 will be caused. The reaction force causes the door 63 to move in the direction of opening or closing in the free section, and the function necessary to make the door 63 stationary is not obtained.
在本文中，採用第4圖，對「可使門63在關閉位置與全開位置之間的特定區間形成靜止」的條件進行以下的說明。為了使門63靜止，只需將氣體壓設定成：使「藉由作用於活塞桿2之氣體的反作用力(以下稱為：氣體反作用力F)，而作用於門63」的扭矩M，小於「鉸鏈62之摩擦力所引發」的扭矩m(m＞M)即可。In the present invention, the following description will be given on the condition that "the door 63 can be made stationary in a specific section between the closed position and the fully open position". In order to make the door 63 stationary, it is only necessary to set the gas pressure so that "the torque M acting on the door 63" by the reaction force of the gas acting on the piston rod 2 (hereinafter referred to as the gas reaction force F) is smaller than The torque m (m>M) of "the friction caused by the hinge 62" may be used.
在此，氣體反作用力F所引發的扭矩M，是由氣體反作用力F；和鉸鏈62的迴轉中心位置62A；和托架64、65之安裝壓缸裝置1的迴轉中心位置64A、65A；及門63的開度θ所決定。倘若將門63呈現開度θ時，壓缸的軸線與線條62A-65A(長度L)所形成的夾角設為f(θ)，則成為M=L×F×sinf(θ)。藉此，在特定區間內的θ，只需設定成符合「m＞L×F×sinf(θ)」的氣體反作用力F即可。Here, the torque M induced by the gas reaction force F is the gas reaction force F; and the rotation center position 62A of the hinge 62; and the rotation center positions 64A, 65A of the mounting cylinder device 1 of the brackets 64, 65; The opening degree θ of the door 63 is determined. When the door 63 assumes the opening degree θ, the angle formed by the axis of the cylinder and the line 62A-65A (length L) is f(θ), and M=L×F×sinf(θ). Therefore, it is only necessary to set θ in the specific section so as to satisfy the gas reaction force F of "m>L×F×sinf(θ)”.
在此，門63由鉸鏈62的摩擦力所引發的扭矩m，將因門63的質量或鉸鏈62的種類而不同。此外，即使是同一種類的門，也將因為構成鉸鏈63之鉸合部的鏽、塵埃、潤滑油等而產生經年累月的變化，甚至也會因氣溫、濕度而產生變化。Here, the torque m caused by the frictional force of the hinge 62 of the door 63 will differ depending on the mass of the door 63 or the type of the hinge 62. Further, even the same type of door will change over the years due to rust, dust, lubricating oil, etc., which constitute the hinge portion of the hinge 63, and may even change due to temperature and humidity.
因此，在以作為工業製品為前提來設計本發明的門開閉裝置時，由於「根據該門的每一個狀況來調整氣體反作用力F」的作法在現實中是不可能的，因此是設定成：針對各種門執行實驗的過程中，泛用性最高的氣體反作用力。Therefore, when the door opening and closing device of the present invention is designed on the premise of being an industrial product, since the "adjustment of the gas reaction force F according to each condition of the door" is practically impossible, it is set to: The most versatile gas reaction force during the execution of experiments for various gates.
因此，假設門63是一般住宅之室內用的門(寬度723mm、高度1983mm)，針對木製且質量15kg的門(a)、木製框且一半的面積為玻璃之質量20kg的門(b)、及木製框且大約整個面積為玻璃之質量30kg的門(c)，並就變更了封入壓缸裝置1之氣體室10內的氣體的壓力(單位：氣壓)，亦即是指作用於活塞桿2之氣體的反作用力(氣體反作用力)(單位：N)的設定時，窸窣聲的產生狀況、及門63在自由區間(50°)之停止性(門的停止性)所作的評價結果，顯示於第5圖。在第5圖中，針對窸窣聲的產生狀況，以「○×」來表示良好與否，針對門的停止性，從中立位置(B)起之自由區間全域的±25°範圍內，當門63沒有移動時以「○」表示，從中立位置(B)起之±10°的範圍內，當門63未移動時以「△」表示，從中立位置(B)起之未達±10°的範圍內，當門63未移動時則以「×」表示。此外，將氣體室10內氣體的壓力及氣體反作用力值，設成常溫(20℃)下活塞桿2之最大伸長時的值。Therefore, it is assumed that the door 63 is a door for indoor use in a general house (width: 723 mm, height: 1983 mm), and a door (b) of a wooden door having a mass of 15 kg (a), a wooden frame, and a half of the glass of a mass of 20 kg, and The wooden frame and about the entire area is a door (c) having a glass weight of 30 kg, and the pressure (unit: air pressure) of the gas enclosed in the gas chamber 10 of the cylinder device 1 is changed, that is, acting on the piston rod 2 When the reaction force (gas reaction force) of the gas (unit: N) is set, the occurrence of the click sound and the evaluation result of the stop of the door 63 in the free section (50°) (the stopability of the door) are Shown in Figure 5. In Fig. 5, the state of the click sound is indicated by "○×", and the stopability of the door is within ±25° of the entire free range from the neutral position (B). When the door 63 is not moving, it is indicated by "○", and within the range of ±10° from the neutral position (B), when the door 63 is not moved, it is represented by "△", and the position from the neutral position (B) is less than ±10. In the range of °, when the door 63 is not moved, it is indicated by "x". Further, the gas pressure and the gas reaction force value in the gas chamber 10 are set to values at the maximum elongation of the piston rod 2 at normal temperature (20 ° C).
從第5圖可得知，壓缸裝置1之氣體室10內氣體的壓力約為2氣壓以上便可抑制窸窣聲的產生，藉由使氣體反作用力形成約為16N~38N的範圍，便可在自由區間中，使門(a)、(b)(c)之所有的門63在必要的範圍靜止。而可使門靜止之本發明的特定區間(開度)，也就是指前述的必要範圍，是因製品的規格而有所不同，雖然最好是自由區間全域(對應於申請專利範圍第3項)，但亦可在自由區間的範圍內，以半開啟的狀態使門呈現停止狀態(對應於申請專利範圍第2項，倘若有大約±10°左右的區間，便可在無須以人微調整的狀態下，使門停止於特定的區間。As can be seen from Fig. 5, the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber 10 of the cylinder device 1 is about 2 atmospheres or more to suppress the generation of click noise, and the gas reaction force is formed in the range of about 16 N to 38 N. In the free interval, all of the doors 63 of the doors (a), (b) and (c) are allowed to rest in the necessary range. The specific interval (opening degree) of the present invention in which the door can be stationary, that is, the aforementioned necessary range, differs depending on the specifications of the product, although it is preferably the entire free range (corresponding to the third item of the patent application scope) ), but it is also possible to make the door appear to be in a semi-open state within the free range (corresponding to the second item of the patent application scope, if there is an interval of about ±10°, it can be adjusted without human adjustment) In the state, the door is stopped in a specific section.
更好的作法是藉由將氣體的壓力設成約略2氣壓以上，並將氣體反作用力設成約為16N~30N的範圍，既可抑制窸窣聲的產生，又可擴大門(a)，(b)，(c)可靜止的範圍，而其中最佳的作法則是：將氣體的壓力設為約2氣壓，並將氣體反作用力設為16~23N。藉此，在自由區間中開啟、關閉門63時的反饋性也變得良好。當然，該氣體反作用力的範圍雖然是因組裝狀態等而有所不同，但是一般住宅之室內的門，只要是不會造成妨礙且兼具美觀性地加以安裝，便能以「與實施形態所示之安裝方法沒有太大差別」的狀態安裝，因此只要根據「以上所述的氣體反作用力」來設計氣體反作用力，便能製作出具有「本發明之可靜止區間」的泛用性製品。A better practice is to set the pressure of the gas to be about 2 atmospheres or more, and set the gas reaction force to a range of about 16N to 30N, thereby suppressing the generation of clicks and expanding the door (a). (b), (c) a range that can be static, and the best practice is to set the gas pressure to about 2 atmospheres and the gas reaction force to 16 to 23N. Thereby, the feedback property when the door 63 is opened and closed in the free section is also improved. Of course, although the range of the reaction force of the gas differs depending on the state of assembly, etc., the door of the house in a general house can be attached to the room as long as it is not obstructed and aesthetically pleasing. Since the mounting method shown is not greatly different, the gas reaction force is designed according to the "gas reaction force described above", and a general-purpose product having the "separable section of the present invention" can be produced.
然而，在本實施形態中，雖然減衰力是構成取決於活塞速度及伸縮行程，而非取決於行程位置，但為了降低在最小長度附近(自由區間)的減衰力，亦可在壓缸內周面設置延伸於軸方向的溝，促使減衰係數因行程位置而產生變化。在該場合中，可防止在開啟門63時從中立位置(B)以後、及關閉時從中立位置(B)以後，因減衰力而導致開閉抵抗力的增加。However, in the present embodiment, although the fading force is determined depending on the piston speed and the telescopic stroke, not depending on the stroke position, in order to reduce the fading force in the vicinity of the minimum length (free section), it may be in the inner circumference of the cylinder. The groove is arranged to extend in the axial direction, and the attenuation coefficient is changed by the stroke position. In this case, it is possible to prevent an increase in the opening and closing resistance due to the fading force from the neutral position (B) after the neutral position (B) and the closing position when the door 63 is opened.
1．．．壓缸裝置1. . . Cylinder device
2．．．活塞桿2. . . Piston rod
3．．．壓缸構件(壓缸)3. . . Cylinder member (pressure cylinder)
9．．．非固定的活塞9. . . Non-fixed piston
10．．．氣體室10. . . Gas chamber
12．．．活塞12. . . piston
15．．．減衰力產生機構15. . . Decaying force generating mechanism
16．．．彈簧機構16. . . Spring mechanism
第1圖：為本發明其中一個實施形態之門開閉裝置所採用之壓缸裝置的縱剖面圖。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a cylinder device used in a door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖：是顯示在第1圖的壓缸裝置中，「活塞桿經縮短(回)、而彈簧機構的彈力未作用於活塞桿之狀態」的重要部位的放大縱剖面圖。Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an important part of the cylinder device of Fig. 1 in which "the piston rod is shortened (returned) and the spring force of the spring mechanism is not applied to the piston rod".
第3圖：是顯示從俯視角度觀看「安裝了本發明其中一個實施形態之門開閉裝置的鉸鏈門」的說明圖。Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing a "hinge door to which the door opening and closing device of one embodiment of the present invention is attached" is viewed from a plan view.
第4圖：是用來說明「安裝了本發明其中一個實施形態之門開閉裝置的鉸鏈門之力量關係」的第3圖的放大圖。Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a third diagram for explaining "the force relationship of the hinged door to which the door opening and closing device of one embodiment of the present invention is attached".
第5圖：是針對第1圖的壓缸裝置，顯示在改變了氣體反作用力(氣體的壓力)之設定的場合中，窸窣聲的產生發生狀況、及門在自由區間內之靜止可能性的評價結果的圖表。Fig. 5 is a view showing the cylinder device of Fig. 1 showing the occurrence of the click sound and the possibility of the door being in the free interval in the case where the setting of the gas reaction force (pressure of the gas) is changed. Chart of the evaluation results.
1．．．壓缸裝置1. . . Cylinder device
2．．．活塞桿2. . . Piston rod
2a．．．歛縫(縮徑)部2a. . . Caulking (reducing)
3．．．壓缸構件3. . . Cylinder member
4．．．活塞桿導具4. . . Piston rod guide
5．．．油封5. . . Oil seal
6．．．中間導具6. . . Intermediate guide
6A．．．通路6A. . . path
7．．．壓缸部7. . . Pressure cylinder
8．．．活塞桿導引部8. . . Piston rod guide
9．．．非固定的活塞(free piston)9. . . Non-fixed piston
10．．．氣體室10. . . Gas chamber
11．．．壓缸室11. . . Pressure chamber
11A．．．活塞桿側室11A. . . Piston rod side chamber
11B．．．底側室11B. . . Bottom side chamber
12．．．活塞12. . . piston
13．．．O型環13. . . O-ring
14．．．連通路14. . . Connected road
15．．．衰減力產生機構15. . . Attenuation force generating mechanism
16．．．彈簧機構16. . . Spring mechanism
17．．．導引套筒17. . . Guide sleeve
17A．．．第1導引套筒17A. . . First guiding sleeve
17B．．．第2導引套筒17B. . . Second guiding sleeve
18．．．內周離合溝18. . . Inner circumference clutch groove
19、20．．．外周溝19, 20. . . Peripheral groove
21、22．．．O型環21, 22. . . O-ring
23．．．外周離合溝twenty three. . . Peripheral clutch groove
24．．．離合器構件twenty four. . . Clutch member
25．．．球孔25. . . Ball hole
26．．．球體26. . . Sphere
27．．．線圈彈簧27. . . Coil spring
28、29．．．彈簧承接部28, 29. . . Spring bearing
30、31．．．安裝部30, 31. . . Installation department
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009258025A JP5316803B2 (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2009-11-11 | Door opening and closing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201144563A TW201144563A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
| TWI412656B true TWI412656B (en) | 2013-10-21 |
Family
ID=43997330
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW99136956A TWI412656B (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2010-10-28 | Door opening and closing device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5316803B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101214724B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102061855B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010051024B4 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI412656B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI647372B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-01-11 | 信統電產股份有限公司 | Door opening and closing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014050843A1 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-04-03 | 株式会社ハイレックスコーポレーション | Opening/closing body operation device |
| CN105917064B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2019-06-04 | 斯塔比勒斯股份有限公司 | The system and method for piston component |
| JP6793487B2 (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2020-12-02 | 三協立山株式会社 | Joinery |
| DE102017203444A1 (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2018-09-20 | REMIS Gesellschaft für Entwicklung und Vertrieb von technischen Elementen mit beschränkter Haftung | Door system for a cooling unit |
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- 2010-11-05 CN CN2010105396045A patent/CN102061855B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-08 KR KR1020100110413A patent/KR101214724B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-11-11 DE DE201010051024 patent/DE102010051024B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| TW200706779A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-02-16 | Suspa Holding Gmbh | Adjustable-length gas spring |
| TWM327912U (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-03-01 | Gslide Corp | Hydraulic cylinders suitable for movable furnitures |
| TWM330345U (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-04-11 | Chang-Hui Lin | Uniform speed device for door closer |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI647372B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-01-11 | 信統電產股份有限公司 | Door opening and closing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20110052481A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
| DE102010051024A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
| CN102061855A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
| JP2011102496A (en) | 2011-05-26 |
| CN102061855B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
| TW201144563A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
| KR101214724B1 (en) | 2012-12-21 |
| JP5316803B2 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
| DE102010051024B4 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
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| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |