TWI400436B - Method and device for measuring a polarizing direction of an electromagnetic wave - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring a polarizing direction of an electromagnetic wave Download PDFInfo
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本發明涉及一種電磁波偏振方向檢測方法及檢測裝置，尤其涉及一種基於奈米碳管之電磁波偏振方向檢測方法及檢測裝置。 The invention relates to a method and a detection device for detecting a polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave, in particular to a method and a detection device for detecting a polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave based on a carbon nanotube.
偏振方向係電磁波具有之重要性質。傳統檢測可見光偏振方向之方法一般為在一束光之傳播路徑上放置一偏振片，旋轉該偏振片並觀察通過該偏振片之光訊號之投影亮度變化。當亮度最大時，光訊號之偏振方向與偏振片之偏振化方向平行，當亮度最小時，光訊號之偏振方向與偏振片之偏振化方向垂直。而傳統檢測可見光強度一般通過直接觀察該可見光訊號之亮度判斷。然，對於人眼無法感知之紅外光、紫外光或其他波長之電磁波訊號之偏振方向，則無法直接通過觀察光訊號投影之亮度變化對其進行檢測。一般的，當被檢測之光訊號為紅外光、紫外光或其他波長之電磁波時，須經過在偏振片偏振後之光路上設置一光電傳感器，從而將光訊號轉變為電訊號，通過檢測在旋轉偏振片之過程中所述電訊號之強度變化，進而得到光之強度變化。然這種方法需要涉及大量光學及電子器件，較為複雜。另，先前之偏振片一般只對某一波段之電磁波(如微波、紅外光、可見光、紫外光等)具有良好之偏振性能，無法對各種波長之電磁波具有均一之偏振吸收特性。故，當待測電磁波訊號之波長變化時，需要使用不同之偏振片對其進行檢測。 The polarization direction is an important property of electromagnetic waves. Conventionally, the method of detecting the polarization direction of visible light is generally to place a polarizing plate on a propagation path of a beam of light, rotate the polarizing plate and observe a change in the projection brightness of the optical signal passing through the polarizing plate. When the brightness is maximum, the polarization direction of the optical signal is parallel to the polarization direction of the polarizing plate. When the brightness is minimum, the polarization direction of the optical signal is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizing plate. The conventional detection of visible light intensity is generally judged by directly observing the brightness of the visible light signal. However, for the polarization direction of infrared, ultraviolet or other wavelength electromagnetic signals that the human eye cannot perceive, it is not possible to directly detect the brightness change of the optical signal projection. Generally, when the detected optical signal is infrared light, ultraviolet light or electromagnetic waves of other wavelengths, a photoelectric sensor is disposed on the optical path after polarization of the polarizing plate, thereby converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, and detecting the rotation During the process of the polarizing plate, the intensity of the electric signal changes, thereby obtaining a change in the intensity of the light. However, this method requires a large number of optical and electronic devices, which is complicated. In addition, the prior polarizing plates generally have good polarization properties only for electromagnetic waves of a certain wavelength band (such as microwave, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, etc.), and cannot have uniform polarization absorption characteristics for electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths. Therefore, when the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal to be measured changes, it is necessary to use different polarizing plates to detect it.
自九十年代初以來，以奈米碳管為代表之奈米材料以其獨特之結構和性質引起了人們極大之關注。近幾年來，隨著奈米碳管及奈米材料研究之不斷深入，其廣闊之應用前景不斷顯現出來。例如，奈米碳管對各個波長之電磁波都具有均一之吸收特性，且當不同波長之電磁波照射一奈米碳管結構時，該奈米碳管結構之電阻相應發生變化，利用該變化規律可檢測電磁波之強度，請參見“Bolometric infrared photoresponse of suspended single-walled carbon nanotube films”,Science,Mikhail E.Itkis et al,vol312,P412(2006)。該論文揭示一種無序奈米碳管膜之電磁波檢測裝置，其結構包括一無序奈米碳管膜傳感器及與該無序奈米碳管膜傳感器電連接之兩個電極。當不同強度之電磁波照射該無序奈米碳管膜傳感器時，該無序奈米碳管膜之電阻不同，故，通過測量該無序奈米碳管膜傳感器之電阻便可測出電磁波之強度。然，該電磁波檢測裝置無法檢測電磁波之偏振方向。 Since the early 1990s, nanomaterials represented by carbon nanotubes have attracted great attention due to their unique structure and properties. In recent years, with the deepening of research on carbon nanotubes and nanomaterials, its broad application prospects have been continuously revealed. For example, the carbon nanotubes have uniform absorption characteristics for electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths, and when electromagnetic waves of different wavelengths are irradiated to a carbon nanotube structure, the resistance of the carbon nanotube structure changes accordingly, and the variation law can be utilized. For the detection of the intensity of electromagnetic waves, see "Bolometric infrared photoresponse of suspended single-walled carbon nanotube films", Science, Mikhail E. Itkis et al, vol 312, P412 (2006). The paper discloses an electromagnetic wave detecting device for a disordered carbon nanotube film, the structure comprising a disordered carbon nanotube film sensor and two electrodes electrically connected to the disordered carbon nanotube film sensor. When the electromagnetic waves of different intensities illuminate the disordered carbon nanotube film sensor, the resistance of the disordered carbon nanotube film is different, so the electromagnetic wave can be measured by measuring the resistance of the disordered carbon nanotube film sensor. strength. However, the electromagnetic wave detecting device cannot detect the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave.
有鑒於此，提供一種電磁波偏振方向的檢測方法及檢測裝置實為必要。該電磁波偏振方向之檢測方法簡單，無需借助複雜之光學及電子器件即可檢測電磁波之偏振方向。 In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method and a detection device for detecting the polarization direction of electromagnetic waves. The detection method of the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is simple, and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave can be detected without using complicated optical and electronic devices.
一種電磁波偏振方向之檢測方法，包括以下步驟：將一奈米碳管結構置於一真空環境中，該奈米碳管結構包括複數個沿同一方向排列之奈米碳管；提供一電磁波發射 源，發射一偏振之電磁波，並使其基本垂直地入射至所述奈米碳管結構表面，該奈米碳管結構吸收該電磁波並發光；在基本垂直於電磁波入射方向之平面內旋轉所述奈米碳管結構，根據所述奈米碳管結構發出可見光之變化判斷所述電磁波之偏振方向。 A method for detecting polarization direction of electromagnetic waves, comprising the steps of: placing a carbon nanotube structure in a vacuum environment, the carbon nanotube structure comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in the same direction; providing an electromagnetic wave emission Source, emitting a polarized electromagnetic wave and causing it to be incident substantially perpendicularly to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure, the carbon nanotube structure absorbing the electromagnetic wave and emitting light; rotating in a plane substantially perpendicular to an incident direction of the electromagnetic wave The carbon nanotube structure determines the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave according to a change in visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure.
一種電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置，其包括：一真空腔，該真空腔具有一入射窗及一觀察窗；其中，所述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置進一步包括一奈米碳管結構，該奈米碳管結構包括複數個沿同一方向排列之奈米碳管，該奈米碳管結構設置於該真空腔內，所述入射窗與該奈米碳管結構相對且間隔設置，待測電磁波通過該入射窗入射至該奈米碳管結構表面。 An electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device includes: a vacuum chamber having an incident window and an observation window; wherein the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device further comprises a carbon nanotube structure, the carbon nanotube structure Included in the plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in the same direction, the carbon nanotube structure is disposed in the vacuum chamber, the incident window is opposite to the carbon nanotube structure and spaced apart, and the electromagnetic wave to be tested is incident through the incident window To the surface of the carbon nanotube structure.
相較於先前技術，所述電磁波偏振方向檢測方法僅通過旋轉奈米碳管結構，使該奈米碳管結構中奈米碳管之長度延伸方向與電磁波偏振方向之夾角發生變化，並在該變化過程中，通過檢測奈米碳管結構發出可見光之變化便可判斷入射電磁波之偏振方向，方法簡單；所述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置中，由於所述奈米碳管結構僅由複數個奈米碳管組成，結構簡單，有利於降低電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置製造成本，以及應用該裝置進行檢測之成本。 Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting method changes the angle between the extending direction of the length of the carbon nanotube and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave in the carbon nanotube structure only by rotating the carbon nanotube structure, and During the change process, the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave can be judged by detecting the change of the visible light of the carbon nanotube structure, and the method is simple; in the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device, since the carbon nanotube structure is composed only of a plurality of nanometers The carbon tube is composed of a simple structure, which is advantageous for reducing the manufacturing cost of the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device and the cost of applying the device for detecting.
以下將結合附圖詳細說明本發明實施例之電磁波偏振方向檢測方法。 Hereinafter, a method of detecting an electromagnetic wave polarization direction according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
請一併參閱圖1及圖2，本發明實施例提供一種電磁波偏 振方向之檢測方法，主要包括以下幾個步驟：步驟一：提供一電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10，該電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10包括一真空腔12及設置於該真空腔12內之一奈米碳管結構14。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic wave bias. The detection method of the vibration direction mainly includes the following steps: Step 1: providing an electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10, the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10 includes a vacuum chamber 12 and a nano carbon disposed in the vacuum chamber 12 Tube structure 14.
所述奈米碳管結構14包括複數個沿同一方向排列之奈米碳管，所謂沿同一方向排列係指至少多數奈米碳管之排列方向一致且具有一定規律，如基本沿一個固定方向擇優取向排列。所述奈米碳管包括單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管或多壁奈米碳管中之一種或者多種。所述單壁奈米碳管之直徑為0.5奈米~50奈米。所述雙壁奈米碳管之直徑為1.0奈米~50奈米。所述多壁奈米碳管之直徑為1.5奈米~50奈米。 The carbon nanotube structure 14 includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in the same direction. The so-called arrangement in the same direction means that at least most of the carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction and have a certain regularity, such as being substantially along a fixed direction. Orientation. The carbon nanotubes include one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, or a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 50 nm. The double-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.0 nm to 50 nm. The multi-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.5 nm to 50 nm.
所述奈米碳管結構14為一自支撐結構。所謂自支撐結構係指該奈米碳管結構無需通過一支撐體支撐，也能保持自身特定之形狀。該自支撐結構包括複數個奈米碳管，該複數個奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力相互吸引，從而使奈米碳管結構具有特定之形狀。具體地，所述奈米碳管結構包括至少一奈米碳管膜、至少一奈米碳管線狀結構或其組合。 The carbon nanotube structure 14 is a self-supporting structure. The so-called self-supporting structure means that the carbon nanotube structure can maintain its own specific shape without being supported by a support. The self-supporting structure includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes that are attracted to each other by a van der Waals force, so that the carbon nanotube structure has a specific shape. Specifically, the carbon nanotube structure includes at least one carbon nanotube film, at least one nano carbon line structure, or a combination thereof.
所述奈米碳管膜包括奈米碳管拉膜、帶狀奈米碳管膜或長奈米碳管膜。 The carbon nanotube film comprises a carbon nanotube film, a ribbon carbon nanotube film or a long carbon nanotube film.
所述奈米碳管拉膜通過拉取一奈米碳管陣列直接獲得，優選為通過拉取一超順排奈米碳管陣列直接獲得。該奈米碳管拉膜中之奈米碳管首尾相連地沿同一個方向擇優 取向排列，請參閱圖3及圖4，具體地，每一奈米碳管拉膜包括複數個連續且定向排列之奈米碳管片段143，該複數個奈米碳管片段143通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段143包括複數個大致相互平行之奈米碳管145，該複數個相互平行之奈米碳管145通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合。該奈米碳管片段143具有任意之寬度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。所述奈米碳管拉膜之厚度為0.5奈米~100微米。所述奈米碳管拉膜結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2008年8月16日公開之第200833862號台灣公開專利申請。 The carbon nanotube film is directly obtained by drawing an array of carbon nanotubes, preferably directly by drawing a super-sequential carbon nanotube array. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are selected in the same direction end to end. Orientation arrangement, please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 . Specifically, each carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of continuous and aligned carbon nanotube segments 143, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments 143 are passed through Van der Waals. The force is connected end to end, and each of the carbon nanotube segments 143 includes a plurality of substantially parallel carbon nanotubes 145 which are tightly coupled by van der Waals forces. The carbon nanotube segment 143 has any width, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The carbon nanotube film has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. For the structure of the carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof, refer to Taiwan Patent Application No. 200833862, which was published on August 16, 2008 by Fan Shoushan et al.
所述帶狀奈米碳管膜為通過將一狹長之奈米碳管陣列沿垂直於奈米碳管陣列長度方向傾倒在一基底表面而獲得。該帶狀奈米碳管膜包括複數個擇優取向排列之奈米碳管。所述複數個奈米碳管之間基本互相平行併排排列，且通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合，該複數個奈米碳管具有大致相等之長度，且其長度可達到毫米量級。所述帶狀奈米碳管膜之寬度與奈米碳管之長度相等，故該帶狀奈米碳管陣列中至少有一個奈米碳管從帶狀奈米碳管膜之一端延伸至另一端，從而跨越整個帶狀奈米碳管膜。帶狀奈米碳管膜之寬度受奈米碳管之長度限制，優選地，該奈米碳管之長度為1毫米~10毫米。所述帶狀奈米碳管膜之結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2008年6月13日申請之第97122118號台灣專利申請。 The ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube film is obtained by pouring an elongated carbon nanotube array perpendicular to the length of the carbon nanotube array on a substrate surface. The ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged in a preferred orientation. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged substantially parallel to each other in parallel, and are closely coupled by a van der Waals force, the plurality of carbon nanotubes having substantially equal lengths and having a length in the order of millimeters. The width of the ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube membrane is equal to the length of the carbon nanotube, so that at least one carbon nanotube in the ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube array extends from one end of the ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube membrane to another One end, thus spanning the entire strip of carbon nanotube membrane. The width of the ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube film is limited by the length of the carbon nanotube. Preferably, the carbon nanotube has a length of from 1 mm to 10 mm. The structure of the ribbon-shaped carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof are described in Taiwan Patent Application No. 97,212,118, filed on Jun. 13, 2008.
所述長奈米碳管膜為通過放風箏法獲得，該長奈米碳管膜包括複數個平行於奈米碳管膜表面之超長奈米碳管， 且該複數個奈米碳管彼此基本平行排列。所述複數個奈米碳管之長度可大於10厘米。所述奈米碳管膜中相鄰兩個超長奈米碳管之間之距離小於5微米，相鄰兩個超長奈米碳管之間通過凡德瓦爾力緊密連接。所述長奈米碳管膜之結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2008年2月29日申請之第97107078號台灣專利申請。 The long carbon nanotube film is obtained by a kite flying method, and the long carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of ultra-long carbon nanotubes parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. And the plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The plurality of carbon nanotubes may have a length greater than 10 cm. The distance between two adjacent ultra-long carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film is less than 5 micrometers, and the adjacent two super-long carbon nanotubes are closely connected by van der Waals force. The structure of the long carbon nanotube film and the preparation method thereof are described in Taiwan Patent Application No. 97107078, filed on Feb. 29, 2008.
可以理解，上述奈米碳管拉膜、帶狀奈米碳管膜或長奈米碳管膜均為一自支撐結構，可無需基底支撐，自支撐存在。且該奈米碳管拉膜、帶狀奈米碳管膜或長奈米碳管膜為複數個時，可共面且無間隙鋪設或/和層疊鋪設，從而製備不同面積與厚度之奈米碳管結構。在由複數個相互層疊之奈米碳管膜組成之奈米碳管結構中，相鄰兩個奈米碳管膜中之奈米碳管之排列方向相同。 It can be understood that the above-mentioned carbon nanotube film, ribbon carbon nanotube film or long carbon nanotube film are all self-supporting structures, which can be self-supported without substrate support. When the carbon nanotube film, the ribbon carbon nanotube film or the long carbon nanotube film are plural, they can be coplanar and have no gap laying or/and lamination to prepare nanometers of different areas and thicknesses. Carbon tube structure. In a nanocarbon tube structure composed of a plurality of mutually stacked carbon nanotube membranes, the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes in the adjacent two carbon nanotube membranes is the same.
所述奈米碳管線狀結構包括至少一奈米碳管線。當該奈米碳管線狀結構包括複數個奈米碳管線時，該複數個奈米碳管線可相互平行組成束狀結構或相互扭轉組成絞線結構。該奈米碳管線可以為非扭轉之奈米碳管線或扭轉之奈米碳管線。所述奈米碳管線狀結構可為單根或多根。請參閱圖5，當為單根時，該單根奈米碳管線狀結構可在一平面內有序彎折成一膜狀結構，且除彎折部分之外，該奈米碳管線狀結構其他部分可看作併排且相互平行排列；請參閱圖6，當為多根時，該多根奈米碳管線狀結構可共面且沿一個方向平行排列或堆疊且沿一個方向平行排列設置。 The nanocarbon line-like structure includes at least one nanocarbon line. When the nanocarbon line-like structure comprises a plurality of nanocarbon pipelines, the plurality of nanocarbon pipelines may be parallel to each other to form a bundle structure or twisted to each other to form a stranded structure. The nanocarbon line can be a non-twisted nano carbon line or a twisted nano carbon line. The nanocarbon line-like structure may be single or multiple. Referring to FIG. 5, when it is a single root, the single carbon carbon pipeline-like structure can be bent into a film-like structure in a plane, and the carbon-carbon pipeline structure is other than the bent portion. The portions may be considered side by side and arranged in parallel with each other; referring to FIG. 6, when there are a plurality of roots, the plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures may be coplanar and arranged in parallel or stacked in one direction and arranged in parallel in one direction.
所述非扭轉之奈米碳管線包括複數個沿該非扭轉之奈米 碳管線長度方向排列之奈米碳管。具體地，該非扭轉之奈米碳管線包括複數個奈米碳管片段，該複數個奈米碳管片段通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段包括複數個相互平行並通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合之奈米碳管。該奈米碳管片段具有任意之長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該非扭轉之奈米碳管線長度不限，直徑為0.5奈米~100微米。該非扭轉之奈米碳管線為將奈米碳管拉膜通過有機溶劑處理得到。具體地，將有機溶劑浸潤所述奈米碳管拉膜之整個表面，在揮發性有機溶劑揮發時產生之表面張力之作用下，奈米碳管拉膜中之相互平行之複數個奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合，從而使奈米碳管拉膜收縮為一非扭轉之奈米碳管線。該有機溶劑為揮發性有機溶劑，如乙醇、甲醇、丙酮、二氯乙烷或氯仿，本實施例中採用乙醇。通過有機溶劑處理之非扭轉奈米碳管線與未經有機溶劑處理之奈米碳管膜相比，比表面積減小，粘性降低。 The non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of non-twisted nanometers along the nanometer Carbon nanotubes arranged in the longitudinal direction of the carbon line. Specifically, the non-twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Devalli is closely integrated with the carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The non-twisted nano carbon pipeline has an unlimited length and a diameter of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The non-twisted nano carbon pipeline is obtained by treating a carbon nanotube film by an organic solvent. Specifically, the organic solvent is used to impregnate the entire surface of the carbon nanotube film, and under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the plurality of nanocarbons parallel to each other in the carbon nanotube film is parallel The tube is tightly coupled by van der Waals force, thereby shrinking the carbon nanotube film into a non-twisted nano carbon line. The organic solvent is a volatile organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloroethane or chloroform, and ethanol is used in this embodiment. The non-twisted nanocarbon line treated by the organic solvent has a smaller specific surface area and a lower viscosity than the carbon nanotube film which is not treated with the organic solvent.
所述扭轉之奈米碳管線包括複數個繞該扭轉之奈米碳管線軸向螺旋排列並沿線之一端向另一端延伸之奈米碳管。具體地，該扭轉之奈米碳管線包括複數個奈米碳管片段，該複數個奈米碳管片段通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連，每一奈米碳管片段包括複數個相互平行並通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合之奈米碳管。該奈米碳管片段具有任意之長度、厚度、均勻性及形狀。該扭轉之奈米碳管線長度不限，直徑為0.5奈米~100微米。所述扭轉之奈米碳管線為採用一機械力將所述奈米碳管拉膜兩端沿相反方向扭轉 獲得。進一步地，可採用一揮發性有機溶劑處理該扭轉之奈米碳管線。在揮發性有機溶劑揮發時產生之表面張力之作用下，處理後之扭轉之奈米碳管線中相鄰之奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力緊密結合，使扭轉之奈米碳管線之比表面積減小，密度及強度增大。 The twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes axially helically arranged around the twisted nanocarbon pipeline and extending along one end of the line to the other end. Specifically, the twisted nanocarbon pipeline includes a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, and the plurality of carbon nanotube segments are connected end to end by Van der Waals force, and each of the carbon nanotube segments includes a plurality of parallel and pass through each other Devalli is closely integrated with the carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube segments have any length, thickness, uniformity, and shape. The twisted nano carbon line is not limited in length and has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The twisted nanocarbon pipeline is configured to twist the ends of the carbon nanotube film in opposite directions by a mechanical force obtain. Further, the twisted nanocarbon line can be treated with a volatile organic solvent. Under the action of the surface tension generated by the volatilization of the volatile organic solvent, the adjacent carbon nanotubes in the twisted nanocarbon pipeline after treatment are tightly bonded by van der Waals force, so that the specific surface area of the twisted nanocarbon pipeline Decrease, increase in density and strength.
所述奈米碳管線狀結構及其製備方法請參見范守善等人於2008年11月21日公告之第I303239號台灣公告專利，及於2007年7月1日公開之第200724486號台灣公開專利申請。 The nanocarbon line-like structure and its preparation method can be found in Taiwan Patent No. I303239, published on November 21, 2008 by Fan Shoushan et al., and Taiwan Patent Application No. 200724486, published on July 1, 2007. .
該奈米碳管線狀結構具有較大之強度，從而提高了該電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10之使用壽命和穩定性。 The nanocarbon line-like structure has a large strength, thereby improving the service life and stability of the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10.
若所述奈米碳管結構為奈米碳管膜或奈米碳管線狀結構之組合時，所述奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管與奈米碳管線狀結構沿相同方向排列。 If the carbon nanotube structure is a combination of a carbon nanotube film or a nanocarbon line-like structure, the carbon nanotubes and the nanocarbon line-like structures in the carbon nanotube film are arranged in the same direction.
可以理解，上述奈米碳管結構均包括複數個基本沿相同方向平行排列之奈米碳管、奈米碳管線狀結構或其組合。 It can be understood that the above-mentioned carbon nanotube structures each include a plurality of carbon nanotubes, nanocarbon line-like structures or a combination thereof which are arranged substantially in parallel in the same direction.
由於奈米碳管對電磁波之吸收接近絕對黑體，從而使奈米碳管對於各種波長之電磁波具有均一之吸收特性，即該奈米碳管結構14可吸收紅外線、可見光、紫外線等不同波長範圍之電磁波。進一步地，奈米碳管在吸收了電磁波之能量後溫度上升。利用黑體輻射之理論，當該電磁波之能量較高，如以鐳射之形式照射到奈米碳管時，奈米碳管之溫度可上升到較高溫度並輻射出可以被人眼 觀察到之可見光。本實施例中，該奈米碳管結構14之溫度範圍為800K~2400K之間時可發出可見光。且由於溫度之不同，奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之波長也不同，從而呈現出之顏色也相應發生了變化。根據色溫效應，當奈米碳管結構14之溫度從800K升到2400K左右時，其發出可見光之顏色依次由暗紅色轉變為紅色，由紅色變為橙黃色，由橙黃色轉為黃色，再由黃色變為白色。可見，隨著奈米碳管結構14溫度之升高，其發出可見光之顏色逐漸由暖色轉變為冷色，即光譜輻射強度逐漸增強。故通過觀察奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之顏色，便可以推出奈米碳管結構14此時之溫度範圍。請參閱圖7，該圖為電磁波之入射功率同奈米碳管結構14所輻射出可見光之輻射密度之間之關係，圖中縱坐標為奈米碳管結構14所輻射出可見光之光輻射密度，橫坐標為電磁波之入射功率，可見兩者之間之關係呈線性關係，其中所述光輻射密度可用σT 4表示，其中σ為斯蒂芬-玻爾茲曼常數，T為奈米碳管結構14之溫度。根據所述線性關係便可以推出奈米碳管結構14對入射電磁波之吸收越強烈，其溫度越高，輻射出之可見光越強。另，本實施例中，由於奈米碳管具有較小之熱容和較大之散熱面積，故，其對光之響應速度也較快，其響應速度為5毫秒~200毫秒之間。 Since the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the carbon nanotubes is close to an absolute black body, the carbon nanotubes have a uniform absorption characteristic for electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths, that is, the carbon nanotube structure 14 can absorb different wavelength ranges of infrared rays, visible rays, ultraviolet rays, and the like. Electromagnetic waves. Further, the carbon nanotubes rise in temperature after absorbing the energy of the electromagnetic waves. Using the theory of black body radiation, when the energy of the electromagnetic wave is high, such as laser radiation to the carbon nanotubes, the temperature of the carbon nanotubes can rise to a higher temperature and radiate visible light that can be observed by the human eye. . In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 14 emits visible light when the temperature ranges from 800K to 2400K. And because of the difference in temperature, the wavelength of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure 14 is also different, so that the color that appears is also changed accordingly. According to the color temperature effect, when the temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 14 rises from 800K to about 2400K, the color of visible light changes from dark red to red, from red to orange, from orange to yellow, and then Yellow turns white. It can be seen that as the temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 14 increases, the color of the visible light gradually changes from a warm color to a cool color, that is, the spectral radiation intensity gradually increases. Therefore, by observing the color of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure 14, the temperature range of the carbon nanotube structure 14 can be derived. Referring to FIG. 7, the relationship between the incident power of the electromagnetic wave and the radiation density of the visible light radiated by the carbon nanotube structure 14 is shown. The ordinate in the figure is the optical radiation density of the visible light radiated by the carbon nanotube structure 14. The abscissa is the incident power of the electromagnetic wave. It can be seen that the relationship between the two is linear, wherein the optical radiation density can be expressed by σT 4 , where σ is the Stephen Boltzmann constant and T is the carbon nanotube structure 14 The temperature. According to the linear relationship, the stronger the absorption of the incident electromagnetic wave by the carbon nanotube structure 14 is, the higher the temperature is, the stronger the visible light is radiated. In addition, in this embodiment, since the carbon nanotube has a small heat capacity and a large heat dissipation area, the response speed to light is also fast, and the response speed is between 5 milliseconds and 200 milliseconds.
另，所述奈米碳管結構14之厚度不限，當其厚度較薄時，其吸收入射電磁波之後便迅速升溫發光，響應速度較快，當所述奈米碳管結構14之厚度較厚時，其強度較高 ，但相較於厚度較薄之奈米碳管結構，其與周圍氣體介質熱交換速度較慢，從而影響該奈米碳管結構14之響應速度。優選地，所述奈米碳管結構14之厚度約為0.5奈米~1毫米。本實施例中，該奈米碳管結構14為單層奈米碳管拉膜。 In addition, the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 14 is not limited. When the thickness thereof is thin, it absorbs the incident electromagnetic wave and then rapidly heats up, and the response speed is fast, when the thickness of the carbon nanotube structure 14 is thick. When it is stronger However, compared with the thinner carbon nanotube structure, the heat exchange rate with the surrounding gas medium is slower, thereby affecting the response speed of the carbon nanotube structure 14. Preferably, the carbon nanotube structure 14 has a thickness of about 0.5 nm to 1 mm. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube structure 14 is a single-layer carbon nanotube film.
所述真空腔12之形狀不限，其具有一入射窗122及一觀察窗124。所述入射窗122與所述奈米碳管結構14相對且間隔設置，從而確保所述電磁波可全部通過該入射窗122並入射至奈米碳管結構14之表面，所述觀察窗124可使人眼觀察到與入射窗122相對之奈米碳管結構14表面。 The shape of the vacuum chamber 12 is not limited, and has an incident window 122 and a viewing window 124. The entrance window 122 is opposite and spaced from the carbon nanotube structure 14 to ensure that the electromagnetic waves can all pass through the entrance window 122 and be incident on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 14, and the observation window 124 can The surface of the carbon nanotube structure 14 opposite the entrance window 122 is observed by the human eye.
所述入射窗122之材料選自可透射電磁波之材料，該材料之選用還依據入射電磁波之波長，若所述電磁波為可見光或紫外線等，該材料可選用石英，若所述電磁波為紅外線，該材料可選用砷化鎵。 The material of the incident window 122 is selected from a material that can transmit electromagnetic waves, and the material is also selected according to the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave. If the electromagnetic wave is visible light or ultraviolet light, the material may be quartz, and if the electromagnetic wave is infrared, the The material can be selected from gallium arsenide.
所述觀察窗124之材料為可透射可見光之材料，如石英。 The material of the observation window 124 is a material that can transmit visible light, such as quartz.
此外，所述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10可進一步包括一承載裝置16，該承載裝置16置於該真空腔12內，用於承載所述奈米碳管結構14，同時，該承載裝置16也可在一個平面內旋轉，從而使所述奈米碳管結構14相應發生旋轉。該承載裝置16之形狀不限，具體地，該承載裝置16可以為一平面或曲面結構，並具有一表面。此時，該奈米碳管結構14直接設置並貼合於該承載裝置16之表面上。由於該奈米碳管結構14整體通過承載裝置16支撐，故該奈米碳管結構14可以承受強度較高之電磁波輸入。另 ，該承載裝置16也可以為一框架結構、杆狀結構或不規則形狀結構。此時，由於該奈米碳管結構14為自支撐結構，該奈米碳管結構14部分與該承載裝置16相接觸，其餘部分懸空設置。此種設置方式可以使該奈米碳管結構14不受承載裝置14之影響更好地吸收熱量，溫度變化更快，故其發光時，隨自身溫度之不同，其所發出可見光之顏色或者強度變化之速度也變快。 In addition, the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10 may further include a carrying device 16 disposed in the vacuum chamber 12 for carrying the carbon nanotube structure 14 while the carrying device 16 is also Rotating in a plane causes the carbon nanotube structure 14 to rotate accordingly. The shape of the carrying device 16 is not limited. Specifically, the carrying device 16 may be a flat or curved structure and has a surface. At this time, the carbon nanotube structure 14 is directly disposed and attached to the surface of the carrier device 16. Since the carbon nanotube structure 14 is entirely supported by the carrier device 16, the carbon nanotube structure 14 can withstand high-intensity electromagnetic wave input. another The carrier device 16 can also be a frame structure, a rod structure or an irregular shape structure. At this time, since the carbon nanotube structure 14 is a self-supporting structure, the carbon nanotube structure 14 is partially in contact with the carrier device 16, and the remaining portion is suspended. This arrangement can make the carbon nanotube structure 14 not absorb heat better by the influence of the carrying device 14, and the temperature changes more quickly, so when it emits light, the color or intensity of visible light emitted according to its own temperature. The speed of change is also getting faster.
該承載裝置16之材料不限，可以為一硬性材料，如金剛石、玻璃或石英。另，所述承載裝置16還可為一柔性材料，如塑膠或樹脂。優選地，該承載裝置16之材料應具有較好之絕熱性能，從而防止該奈米碳管結構14產生之熱量過度被該承載裝置16吸收，從而影響所述奈米碳管結構14之溫度變化。 The material of the carrying device 16 is not limited and may be a hard material such as diamond, glass or quartz. In addition, the carrying device 16 can also be a flexible material such as plastic or resin. Preferably, the material of the carrier device 16 should have better thermal insulation properties, thereby preventing the heat generated by the carbon nanotube structure 14 from being excessively absorbed by the carrier device 16, thereby affecting the temperature change of the carbon nanotube structure 14. .
步驟二：提供一電磁波發射源20，發射一偏振之電磁波22並使其入射至所述奈米碳管結構14之表面，該奈米碳管結構14通過吸收該電磁波22而發光。 Step 2: An electromagnetic wave source 20 is provided to emit a polarized electromagnetic wave 22 and incident on the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 14, and the carbon nanotube structure 14 emits light by absorbing the electromagnetic wave 22.
該電磁波發射源20與所述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10共同構成一電磁波偏振方向檢測系統30，該電磁波發射源20與電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10相對且間隔設置，從而使從該電磁波發射源20產生之電磁波22可通過電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10之入射窗122傳遞至奈米碳管結構14之表面。優選地，該電磁波22應正對電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10內部之奈米碳管結構14基本垂直入射。當該電磁波發射源20與該電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10間隔較遠距離時，該電磁波發射源20發出之電磁波22可進一步通過 一光纖傳遞至電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10之奈米碳管結構14表面。 The electromagnetic wave emitting source 20 and the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10 together constitute an electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting system 30 which is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10 so as to be generated from the electromagnetic wave emitting source 20. The electromagnetic wave 22 can be transmitted to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 14 through the incident window 122 of the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10. Preferably, the electromagnetic wave 22 is directed substantially perpendicularly to the carbon nanotube structure 14 inside the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10. When the electromagnetic wave emitting source 20 is spaced apart from the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10, the electromagnetic wave 22 emitted from the electromagnetic wave emitting source 20 can be further passed. An optical fiber is transmitted to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 14 of the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10.
該電磁波發射源20發出之電磁波22之頻率範圍包括無線電波、紅外線、可見光、紫外線、微波、X射線及γ射線等。優選地，該電磁波發射源20為一光訊號源，所發出之電磁波22可以為一光訊號，該光訊號之波長包括從紫外至遠紅外波長之各種光波。該電磁波之強度範圍為50毫瓦/平方毫米~5000毫瓦/平方毫米。可以理解，該電磁波22之強度不能太弱，當其強度小於50毫瓦/平方毫米時便無法使奈米碳管結構14加熱至發光，故為使奈米碳管結構14達到發光之溫度，上述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10可進一步包括一聚焦裝置18，該聚焦裝置18與電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10之入射窗122相對設置，可使所述電磁波22經聚焦後再照射至所述奈米碳管結構14之表面。 The frequency range of the electromagnetic wave 22 emitted by the electromagnetic wave source 20 includes radio waves, infrared rays, visible rays, ultraviolet rays, microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays, and the like. Preferably, the electromagnetic wave source 20 is an optical signal source, and the emitted electromagnetic wave 22 can be an optical signal, and the wavelength of the optical signal includes various light waves from ultraviolet to far infrared wavelength. The electromagnetic wave has an intensity ranging from 50 mW/mm 2 to 5000 mW/mm 2 . It can be understood that the intensity of the electromagnetic wave 22 is not too weak, and when the intensity is less than 50 mW/mm 2 , the carbon nanotube structure 14 cannot be heated to emit light, so that the carbon nanotube structure 14 reaches the temperature of the light emission. The electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10 may further include a focusing device 18 disposed opposite to the incident window 122 of the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10, and the electromagnetic wave 22 may be focused and then irradiated to the nanocarbon. The surface of the tube structure 14.
另，奈米碳管結構14吸收電磁波22越多，其溫度越高，其發出可見光之顏色也會相應越冷，反之，通過奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之顏色可判斷此時奈米碳管結構14之溫度，從而可進一步推出此時該奈米碳管結構14對電磁波22之吸收強弱。 In addition, the more the carbon nanotube structure 14 absorbs the electromagnetic wave 22, the higher the temperature, the color of the visible light will be correspondingly colder. Conversely, the color of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure 14 can determine the nano carbon at this time. The temperature of the tube structure 14 is such that the absorption of the electromagnetic wave 22 by the carbon nanotube structure 14 at this time can be further advanced.
進一步地，為了定量測定奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之強度，該電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10可進一步包括一分光光度計19，該分光光度計19設置於該觀察窗124之附近，通過該分光光度計19可定量測出奈米碳管結構14所發出可見光之強度，根據所測該奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之強度可以判斷出其吸收電磁波22之強弱。 Further, in order to quantitatively measure the intensity of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure 14, the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10 may further include a spectrophotometer 19 disposed near the observation window 124 through the splitting light. The photometer 19 can quantitatively measure the intensity of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure 14, and can determine the intensity of the absorbed electromagnetic wave 22 according to the intensity of the visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure 14.
步驟三：旋轉所述奈米碳管結構14，使該奈米碳管結構14中之奈米碳管長度延伸方向與電磁波22偏振方向之夾角發生變化，根據該夾角變化過程中，所述奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之變化判斷所述電磁波22之偏振方向。 Step 3: Rotating the carbon nanotube structure 14 to change the angle between the length direction of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 14 and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22, and according to the angle change, the nai The carbon nanotube structure 14 emits a change in visible light to determine the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22.
該步驟具體為，使奈米碳管結構14在基本垂直於電磁波入射方向之平面內轉動，即轉動之軸線基本垂直於奈米碳管結構14之表面，為實現奈米碳管結構14之旋轉，可通過旋轉所述承載裝置16，進而使設置於該承載裝置16之所述奈米碳管結構14發生相應轉動。當奈米碳管結構14轉動至奈米碳管長度延伸方向與電磁波22偏振方向平行之位置時，該奈米碳管結構14對該電磁波22之吸收最強烈，奈米碳管結構14之溫度最高，奈米碳管結構14所發出可見光之光輻射強度最高，相應地該可見光之顏色最冷；當奈米碳管結構14轉動至奈米碳管長度延伸方向與偏振方向垂直時，該奈米碳管結構14對該電磁波22之吸收最微弱，奈米碳管結構14之溫度最低，其發出可見光之光輻射強度最低，且相應地該可見光之顏色為最暖色，由於此時該奈米碳管結構14之溫度與上述其在奈米碳管長度延伸方向與電磁波22偏振方向平行之位置被照射時之溫度不同，故其顏色也與上述其在奈米碳管長度延伸方向與電磁波22偏振方向平行之位置被照射時之顏色不同。故，通過旋轉奈米碳管結構14，即可通過其發出可見光之顏色變化判斷電磁波22之偏振方向。具體地，在奈米碳管結構14中之奈米碳管長度延伸方向與電磁波22偏振方向之夾角從0℃變到90℃之過程中，奈米碳管 結構之溫度從高變低，其發出可見光之強度從高變低，顏色逐漸從冷色變為暖色。即當奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之光輻射強度最強時，顏色為最冷色時，該奈米碳管結構14中奈米碳管之排列方向即為電磁波22之偏振方向。 In this step, the carbon nanotube structure 14 is rotated in a plane substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave, that is, the axis of the rotation is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the carbon nanotube structure 14, in order to realize the rotation of the carbon nanotube structure 14. The carbon nanotube structure 14 disposed on the carrier device 16 can be rotated correspondingly by rotating the carrier device 16. When the carbon nanotube structure 14 is rotated until the length direction of the carbon nanotube extends parallel to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22, the carbon nanotube structure 14 absorbs the electromagnetic wave 22 most strongly, and the temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 14 The highest, the carbon nanotube structure 14 emits the highest visible light radiation intensity, correspondingly the color of the visible light is the coldest; when the carbon nanotube structure 14 is rotated until the length of the carbon nanotube extends in a direction perpendicular to the polarization direction, the nano The carbon nanotube structure 14 has the weakest absorption of the electromagnetic wave 22, and the temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 14 is the lowest, and the radiation intensity of the visible light is the lowest, and accordingly the color of the visible light is the warmest color, since the nanometer at this time The temperature of the carbon tube structure 14 is different from the above-mentioned temperature at the position where the length direction of the carbon nanotube is parallel to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22, so the color thereof is also the same as the above-mentioned direction in the extension of the length of the carbon nanotube and the electromagnetic wave 22 The positions where the polarization directions are parallel are different when the light is irradiated. Therefore, by rotating the carbon nanotube structure 14, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22 can be judged by the color change of visible light. Specifically, in the process of changing the length direction of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 14 and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22 from 0 ° C to 90 ° C, the carbon nanotubes The temperature of the structure changes from high to low, and the intensity of visible light changes from high to low, and the color gradually changes from cool to warm. That is, when the nano-carbon tube structure 14 emits visible light with the strongest radiation intensity and the color is the coldest color, the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube structure 14 is the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22.
請一併參閱圖8，本實施例用一分光光度計19定量測量了在奈米碳管結構14中奈米碳管之排列方向與電磁波22偏振方向之間之夾角發生改變時，奈米碳管結構14發出可見光之光譜輻射密度與奈米碳管之排列方向和電磁波22偏振方向之間夾角之關係，其中，所述光輻射密度可用σT 4表示，其中σ為斯蒂芬-玻爾茲曼常數，T為奈米碳管結構14之溫度。此時所述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置10中，奈米碳管結構14為一單層奈米碳管膜，所述電磁波22為一經過聚焦之紅外線，該奈米碳管膜吸收所述經過聚焦之紅外線發光。從圖8中可以看到，當奈米碳管之排列方向與電磁波之偏振方向平行時，奈米碳管膜所發出可見光之光譜輻射密度最大，即該可見光之強度最高，當奈米碳管之排列方向與電磁波之偏振方向垂直時，奈米碳管膜所發出可見光之光譜輻射密度最小，即該可見光之強度最弱。可見，當奈米碳管之排列方向與電磁波之偏振方向平行時，奈米碳管結構14對電磁波之吸收最強烈，溫度最高。 Referring to FIG. 8 together, in the embodiment, a spectrophotometer 19 is used to quantitatively measure the carbon nanoparticle in the carbon nanotube structure 14 when the angle between the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22 is changed. The tube structure 14 emits a relationship between the spectral radiation density of visible light and the angle between the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave 22, wherein the optical radiation density can be expressed by σT 4 , where σ is the Stephen-Boltzmann constant , T is the temperature of the carbon nanotube structure 14. In the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device 10, the carbon nanotube structure 14 is a single-layer carbon nanotube film, and the electromagnetic wave 22 is a focused infrared ray, and the carbon nanotube film absorbs the focused Infrared light. It can be seen from Fig. 8 that when the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes is parallel to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, the spectral density of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube film is the largest, that is, the intensity of the visible light is the highest, when the carbon nanotubes are used. When the alignment direction is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, the spectral density of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube film is the smallest, that is, the intensity of the visible light is the weakest. It can be seen that when the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes is parallel to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, the carbon nanotube structure 14 absorbs the electromagnetic waves most strongly and has the highest temperature.
本實施例提供之電磁波檢測方法具有以下優點：所述電磁波偏振方向之檢測方法只需使奈米碳管結構中奈米碳管之長度延伸方向與電磁波之偏振方向之間之夾角發生 變化，並在該變化過程中，通過直接觀察奈米碳管結構發出可見光之顏色變化，或者通過一測量裝置測出該可見光之強度變化便可判斷入射電磁波之偏振方向，方法簡單直觀；由於所述奈米碳管結構僅由複數個奈米碳管組成，結構簡單，有利於降低電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置製造成本，以及應用該裝置進行檢測之成本；由於所述奈米碳管結構為一自支撐結構，其強度較高，使用壽命較長；由於所述電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置中之奈米碳管結構對於各個波長之電磁波有均一之吸收特性，故該電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置可以用於檢測各種波長之電磁波之偏振方向。 The electromagnetic wave detecting method provided in this embodiment has the following advantages: the method for detecting the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave only needs to make the angle between the extending direction of the length of the carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube structure and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave occur. Change, and in the process of change, by directly observing the color change of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure, or by measuring the change of the intensity of the visible light by a measuring device, the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave can be determined, and the method is simple and intuitive; The carbon nanotube structure is composed of only a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and has a simple structure, which is advantageous for reducing the manufacturing cost of the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device and the cost of applying the device for detecting; since the carbon nanotube structure is a self The support structure has high strength and long service life; since the carbon nanotube structure in the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device has uniform absorption characteristics for electromagnetic waves of respective wavelengths, the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device can be used for detecting The polarization direction of electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths.
綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方式，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
10‧‧‧電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置 10‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device
12‧‧‧真空腔 12‧‧‧ Vacuum chamber
122‧‧‧入射窗 122‧‧‧Injection window
124‧‧‧觀察窗 124‧‧‧ observation window
14‧‧‧奈米碳管結構 14‧‧‧Nano Carbon Tube Structure
143‧‧‧奈米碳管片段 143‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube fragments
145‧‧‧奈米碳管 145‧‧・Nano carbon tube
16‧‧‧承載裝置 16‧‧‧ Carrying device
18‧‧‧聚焦裝置 18‧‧‧ Focusing device
19‧‧‧分光光度計 19‧‧‧Spectrophotometer
20‧‧‧電磁波發射源 20‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave source
22‧‧‧電磁波 22‧‧‧Electromagnetic waves
30‧‧‧電磁波偏振方向檢測系統 30‧‧‧Electromagnetic polarization direction detection system
圖1係本發明實施例電磁波偏振方向檢測系統之結構示意圖。 1 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2係本發明實施例電磁波偏振方向檢測方法之流程圖。 2 is a flow chart of a method for detecting polarization direction of electromagnetic waves according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3係本發明實施例提供之電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置中用於檢測電磁波偏振方向之奈米碳管拉膜局部放大結構示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of a carbon nanotube film for detecting a polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave in an electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4係本發明實施例提供之電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置中用 於檢測電磁波偏振方向之奈米碳管拉膜掃描電鏡照片。 4 is used in the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube film for detecting the polarization direction of electromagnetic waves.
圖5係本發明實施例提供之電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置中用於檢測電磁波偏振方向之一個奈米碳管線狀結構在一個平面內有序彎折之示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the orderly bending of a nanocarbon line-like structure for detecting the polarization direction of electromagnetic waves in a plane in the electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
圖6係本發明實施例提供之電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置中用於檢測電磁波偏振方向之複數個奈米碳管線狀結構在一個平面內相互平行排列之示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a plurality of nanocarbon line-like structures for detecting polarization directions of electromagnetic waves arranged in parallel in a plane in an electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖7係本發明實施例提供之奈米碳管結構發出可見光之光譜輻射密度與入射電磁波功率之間之關係。 FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the spectral radiation density of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure and the incident electromagnetic wave power provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
圖8係本發明實施例提供之奈米碳管結構發出可見光之光譜輻射密度與電磁波偏振方向和奈米碳管長度延伸方向之間夾角之關係。 FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the spectral radiation density of visible light emitted by the carbon nanotube structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the angle between the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave and the length direction of the carbon nanotube.
10‧‧‧電磁波偏振方向檢測裝置 10‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave polarization direction detecting device
12‧‧‧真空腔 12‧‧‧ Vacuum chamber
122‧‧‧入射窗 122‧‧‧Injection window
124‧‧‧觀察窗 124‧‧‧ observation window
14‧‧‧奈米碳管結構 14‧‧‧Nano Carbon Tube Structure
16‧‧‧承載裝置 16‧‧‧ Carrying device
18‧‧‧聚焦裝置 18‧‧‧ Focusing device
19‧‧‧分光光度計 19‧‧‧Spectrophotometer
20‧‧‧電磁波發射源 20‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave source
22‧‧‧電磁波 22‧‧‧Electromagnetic waves
30‧‧‧電磁波偏振方向檢測系統 30‧‧‧Electromagnetic polarization direction detection system
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| US20060075418A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2006-04-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, Inc. | Optical information record medium |
| TW200837403A (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2008-09-16 | Cambrios Technologies Corp | Functional films formed by highly oriented deposition of nanowires |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI688753B (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-03-21 | 鴻海精密工業股份有限公司 | An infrared imaging system |
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| TW201042244A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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