TWI394730B - Defrosting glass and car using the same - Google Patents
Defrosting glass and car using the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI394730B TWI394730B TW99103119A TW99103119A TWI394730B TW I394730 B TWI394730 B TW I394730B TW 99103119 A TW99103119 A TW 99103119A TW 99103119 A TW99103119 A TW 99103119A TW I394730 B TWI394730 B TW I394730B
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Description
本發明涉及一種除霜玻璃應用該除霜玻璃的汽車。The present invention relates to a vehicle in which the defrosting glass is applied to the defrosting glass.
冬季氣溫低，早上起來開車，車玻璃上常會有一層薄霜/霧，想要除去也不是很容易。主要原因就是車玻璃與外界接觸，溫度較低，車內的水蒸氣凝結在玻璃上形成的，要想除掉這種霜/霧，有兩種辦法，要麼把玻璃的溫度升高，要麼把車內的濕度降下來。先前技術中，多採用先在汽車窗上設置條形導電電極，然後在於條形導電電極上塗刷金屬粉末的複合導電漿料，從而形成一層導電薄膜。使用時對該導電薄膜進行通電加熱，就可以除掉形成在汽車玻璃上的霜/霧。The temperature in winter is low. When driving up in the morning, there is often a thin layer of frost/fog on the glass of the car. It is not easy to remove it. The main reason is that the car glass is in contact with the outside world, the temperature is low, and the water vapor in the car is condensed on the glass. To remove the frost/fog, there are two ways to either raise the temperature of the glass or The humidity inside the car dropped. In the prior art, a strip-shaped conductive electrode is first disposed on a window of a car, and then a composite conductive paste of metal powder is coated on the strip-shaped conductive electrode to form a conductive film. When the conductive film is electrically heated during use, the frost/fog formed on the automobile glass can be removed.
然而，先前技術中，通過在玻璃表面塗刷金屬粉末的複合導電漿料的方法形成除霜用的導電薄膜，使得導電薄膜不是以一個整體的結構設置於玻璃表面，導電薄膜與玻璃之間的黏合不夠牢固，使用時該導電薄膜會產生部分脫落的問題，造成在汽車玻璃的漿料部分脫落的地方，得不到加熱，容易重新形成霜/霧。從而影響汽車除霜的效果。However, in the prior art, a conductive film for defrosting is formed by a method of applying a composite conductive paste of a metal powder on a surface of a glass, so that the conductive film is not disposed on the surface of the glass in an integral structure, and between the conductive film and the glass The bonding is not strong enough, and the conductive film may be partially peeled off during use, resulting in a place where the slurry portion of the automobile glass falls off, heating is not obtained, and it is easy to reform the frost/fog. Thereby affecting the effect of car defrosting.
有鑒於此，提供一種新型的性能比較穩定，具有較好的除霜效果的除霜玻璃實為必要。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a new type of defrosting glass which has relatively stable performance and has a good defrosting effect.
一種除霜玻璃，包括：一玻璃基體具有一表面；一奈米碳管膜設置於玻璃基體的表面；一高分子保護層覆蓋所述奈米碳管膜；以及至少一第一電極及至少一第二電極間隔設置，並與所述奈米碳管膜電連接。所述奈米碳管膜為由複數奈米碳管組成，所述複數奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連沿一個方向擇優取向排列。A defrosting glass comprising: a glass substrate having a surface; a carbon nanotube film disposed on a surface of the glass substrate; a polymer protective layer covering the carbon nanotube film; and at least a first electrode and at least one The second electrode is spaced apart and electrically connected to the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction by van der Waals force.
一種汽車，包括一除霜玻璃、一電路系統及一控制系統。該除霜玻璃包括：一玻璃基體具有一表面；一奈米碳管膜設置於玻璃基體的表面；一高分子保護層覆蓋所述奈米碳管膜；以及至少兩個電極間隔設置於所述高分子保護層與玻璃基體之間，並與所述奈米碳管膜電連接。所述奈米碳管膜由複數奈米碳管組成，所述複數奈米碳管首尾相連基本沿一個方向擇優取向排列。所述電路系統通過導線與所述至少兩個電極電連接。所述控制系統通過控制所述電路系統向奈米碳管膜提供電壓，使奈米碳管膜加熱玻璃除霜。A vehicle includes a defrosting glass, a circuit system, and a control system. The defrosting glass comprises: a glass substrate having a surface; a carbon nanotube film disposed on a surface of the glass substrate; a polymer protective layer covering the carbon nanotube film; and at least two electrodes spaced apart from the The polymer protective layer is electrically connected to the glass substrate and to the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged end to end in a preferred orientation in one direction. The circuitry is electrically coupled to the at least two electrodes by wires. The control system defrosses the carbon nanotube film by controlling the circuit system to supply a voltage to the carbon nanotube film.
與先前技術相比較，所述除霜玻璃包括一奈米碳管膜黏附於玻璃基體，通過給奈米碳管膜通電的方式實現對玻璃的加熱除霜，所述奈米碳管膜由複數奈米碳管組成，所述複數奈米碳管首尾相連基本沿一個方向擇優取向排列。由於奈米碳管具有極大的長徑比，使得奈米碳管與玻璃基體之間的黏附力較強，該奈米碳管膜不易從玻璃上脫落。Compared with the prior art, the defrosting glass comprises a carbon nanotube film adhered to the glass substrate, and the defrosting of the glass is achieved by energizing the carbon nanotube film, wherein the carbon nanotube film is composed of plural The composition of the carbon nanotubes, wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged end to end in a preferred orientation in one direction. Due to the great aspect ratio of the carbon nanotubes, the adhesion between the carbon nanotubes and the glass substrate is strong, and the carbon nanotube film is not easily detached from the glass.
以下將結合附圖詳細說明本發明的除霜玻璃及該除霜玻璃的應用。Hereinafter, the defrosting glass of the present invention and the application of the defrosting glass will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
請參閱圖1及圖2，本發明實施例提供一種除霜玻璃10，該除霜玻璃10包括一玻璃基體18、一黏結劑層17、一奈米碳管膜16、一第一電極12、一第二電極14和一高分子保護層15。所述黏結劑層17設置於玻璃基體18的表面。所述奈米碳管膜16設置於所述黏結劑層17的表面。所述第一電極12和第二電極14間隔設置，並與所述奈米碳管膜16電接觸，用於給所述奈米碳管膜16施加電壓，使所述奈米碳管膜16中流過電流。所述高分子保護層15設置於所述奈米碳管膜16的表面，並將所述第一電極12和第二電極14及所述奈米碳管膜16覆蓋，用於避免所述奈米碳管膜16被外力破壞。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a defrosting glass 10 . The defrosting glass 10 includes a glass substrate 18 , a binder layer 17 , a carbon nanotube film 16 , and a first electrode 12 . A second electrode 14 and a polymer protective layer 15. The adhesive layer 17 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 18. The carbon nanotube film 16 is disposed on the surface of the adhesive layer 17. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are spaced apart from each other and are in electrical contact with the carbon nanotube film 16 for applying a voltage to the carbon nanotube film 16 to make the carbon nanotube film 16 Current flows in the middle. The polymer protective layer 15 is disposed on the surface of the carbon nanotube film 16 and covers the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 and the carbon nanotube film 16 for avoiding the The carbon nanotube film 16 is destroyed by an external force.
所述玻璃基體18形狀不限，該玻璃基體18在使用時可根據需要彎折成任意形狀，其具有一表面用於支撐奈米碳管膜16或者黏結劑層17。優選地，所述玻璃基體18為一板狀基底。其中，玻璃基體18的大小不限，可依據實際需要進行改變。The shape of the glass substrate 18 is not limited. The glass substrate 18 can be bent into any shape as needed, and has a surface for supporting the carbon nanotube film 16 or the adhesive layer 17. Preferably, the glass substrate 18 is a plate-like substrate. The size of the glass substrate 18 is not limited and can be changed according to actual needs.
所述黏結劑層17用來將所述奈米碳管膜16設置於所述玻璃基體18的表面。該黏結劑層17可通過絲網印刷的方式形成於所述玻璃基體18表面。可以理解，由於奈米碳管膜16本身具有黏性，可以利用本身的黏性設置於所述玻璃基體18的表面，故所述黏結劑層17為一可選擇的結構。本實施例中，所述奈米碳管膜16通過黏結劑層17黏附於所述玻璃基體18的表面，該黏結劑層17為矽膠層。The binder layer 17 is used to place the carbon nanotube film 16 on the surface of the glass substrate 18. The adhesive layer 17 can be formed on the surface of the glass substrate 18 by screen printing. It can be understood that since the carbon nanotube film 16 itself has viscosity and can be disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 18 by its own adhesiveness, the adhesive layer 17 is an optional structure. In this embodiment, the carbon nanotube film 16 is adhered to the surface of the glass substrate 18 through the adhesive layer 17, and the adhesive layer 17 is a silicone layer.
請參見圖3，所述奈米碳管膜16是由若干奈米碳管組成的自支撐結構。所述若干奈米碳管為沿同一方向擇優取向排列。所述擇優取向是指在奈米碳管膜16中大多數奈米碳管的整體延伸方向基本朝同一方向。而且，所述大多數奈米碳管的整體延伸方向基本平行於奈米碳管膜16的表面。進一步地，所述奈米碳管膜16中大多數奈米碳管是通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連。具體地，所述奈米碳管膜16中基本朝同一方向延伸的大多數奈米碳管中每一奈米碳管與在延伸方向上相鄰的奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連。當然，所述奈米碳管膜16中存在少數隨機排列的奈米碳管，這些奈米碳管不會對奈米碳管膜16中大多數奈米碳管的整體取向排列構成明顯影響。所述自支撐為奈米碳管膜16不需要大面積的載體支撐，而只要相對兩邊提供支撐力即能整體上懸空而保持自身膜狀狀態，即將該奈米碳管膜16置於（或固定於）間隔設置的兩個支撐體上時，位於兩個支撐體之間的奈米碳管膜16能夠懸空保持自身膜狀狀態。所述自支撐主要通過奈米碳管膜16中存在連續的通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連延伸排列的奈米碳管而實現。並且，該奈米碳管膜16的相鄰奈米碳管之間存在間隙，使得該奈米碳管膜16具有的透光性，該奈米碳管膜16的透光率在60%~95%之間，可以理解，隨著奈米碳管膜16的厚度增加其透光率也會隨之下降。由於該奈米碳管膜16中的奈米碳管之間存在間隙，當該奈米碳管膜16通過黏結劑層17黏附於玻璃基體18上時，黏結劑層17的黏結劑將滲透進入所述間隙中，使得奈米碳管膜16緊密地黏結在玻璃基體18表面，該奈米碳管膜16不易從玻璃基體18上脫落。Referring to FIG. 3, the carbon nanotube film 16 is a self-supporting structure composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along the same direction. The preferred orientation means that the overall direction of extension of most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube membrane 16 is substantially in the same direction. Moreover, the overall direction of extension of the majority of the carbon nanotubes is substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film 16. Further, most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube membrane 16 are connected end to end by Van der Waals force. Specifically, each of the majority of the carbon nanotubes extending substantially in the same direction in the carbon nanotube film 16 and the carbon nanotubes adjacent in the extending direction are connected end to end by Van der Waals force . Of course, there are a small number of randomly arranged carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16, which do not significantly affect the overall orientation of most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16. The self-supporting carbon nanotube film 16 does not require a large-area carrier support, but can maintain its own membranous state by simply providing a supporting force on both sides, that is, placing the carbon nanotube film 16 (or When fixed to the two support bodies arranged at intervals, the carbon nanotube film 16 located between the two supports can be suspended to maintain the self-film state. The self-supporting is mainly achieved by the presence of a continuous carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube film 16 which is continuously arranged by van der Waals force. Moreover, there is a gap between the adjacent carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16, so that the carbon nanotube film 16 has light transmissivity, and the transmittance of the carbon nanotube film 16 is 60%~ Between 95%, it is understood that as the thickness of the carbon nanotube film 16 increases, its light transmittance also decreases. Since there is a gap between the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16, when the carbon nanotube film 16 is adhered to the glass substrate 18 through the adhesive layer 17, the adhesive of the adhesive layer 17 will penetrate into In the gap, the carbon nanotube film 16 is tightly bonded to the surface of the glass substrate 18, and the carbon nanotube film 16 is not easily peeled off from the glass substrate 18.
具體地，所述奈米碳管膜16中基本朝同一方向延伸的多數奈米碳管，並非絕對的直線狀，可以適當的彎曲；或者並非完全按照延伸方向上排列，可以適當的偏離延伸方向。因此，不能排除奈米碳管膜16的基本朝同一方向延伸的多數奈米碳管中並列的奈米碳管之間可能存在部分接觸。Specifically, most of the carbon nanotube membranes 16 that extend substantially in the same direction are not absolutely linear and may be appropriately bent; or are not completely aligned in the extending direction, and may be appropriately deviated from the extending direction. . Therefore, it is not possible to exclude partial contact between the carbon nanotubes juxtaposed in the majority of the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube film 16 extending substantially in the same direction.
該奈米碳管膜16中的奈米碳管為單壁奈米碳管、雙壁奈米碳管及多壁奈米碳管中的一種或多種。所述單壁奈米碳管的直徑為0.5奈米~10奈米，雙壁奈米碳管的直徑為1奈米~15奈米，多壁奈米碳管的直徑為1.5奈米~50奈米。奈米碳管的長度大於50微米，優選地，奈米碳管的長度為200~900微米。The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16 are one or more of a single-walled carbon nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube. The single-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 10 nm, the double-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1 nm to 15 nm, and the multi-walled carbon nanotube has a diameter of 1.5 nm to 50 nm. Nano. The length of the carbon nanotubes is greater than 50 microns, and preferably, the length of the carbon nanotubes is from 200 to 900 microns.
該奈米碳管膜16的面積和厚度不限，可根據實際需要選擇。可以理解，奈米碳管膜16的熱回應速度與其厚度有關，本實施例中，該奈米碳管膜16的厚度為10微米至500微米。在相同面積的情況下，奈米碳管膜16的厚度越大，熱回應速度越慢；反之，奈米碳管膜16的厚度越小，熱回應速度越快。本實施例中，奈米碳管膜16的厚度為100微米。利用奈米碳管膜16本身的黏性，將該奈米碳管膜16設置於玻璃基體18的表面，由於奈米碳管膜16中的奈米碳管具有極大的長徑比（大於1000:1），並且所述大多數奈米碳管的整體延伸方向基本平行於奈米碳管膜16的表面，使得該奈米碳管膜16與玻璃基體18的表面具有較強的結合力，使得奈米碳管膜16均勻地貼合在玻璃基體18的表面。The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube film 16 are not limited and can be selected according to actual needs. It can be understood that the thermal response speed of the carbon nanotube film 16 is related to its thickness. In the present embodiment, the carbon nanotube film 16 has a thickness of 10 μm to 500 μm. In the case of the same area, the larger the thickness of the carbon nanotube film 16, the slower the heat response speed; conversely, the smaller the thickness of the carbon nanotube film 16, the faster the heat response speed. In the present embodiment, the carbon nanotube film 16 has a thickness of 100 μm. The carbon nanotube film 16 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate 18 by utilizing the viscosity of the carbon nanotube film 16 itself, since the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16 have an extremely large aspect ratio (greater than 1000). :1), and the overall extending direction of the majority of the carbon nanotubes is substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film 16, so that the carbon nanotube film 16 has a strong bonding force with the surface of the glass substrate 18. The carbon nanotube film 16 is uniformly attached to the surface of the glass substrate 18.
所述第一電極12和第二電極14由導電材料組成，該第一電極12和第二電極14為長條形，材料可為導電薄膜、金屬片或者金屬引線。優選地，第一電極12和第二電極14均為條形的導電薄膜。該導電薄膜的厚度為0.5奈米~100微米。該導電薄膜的材料可以為金屬、合金、銦錫氧化物（ITO）、銻錫氧化物（ATO）、導電銀膠、導電聚合物或導電性奈米碳管等。該金屬或合金材料可以為鋁、銅、鎢、鉬、金、鈦、釹、鈀、銫或其任意組合的合金。本實施例中，所述第一電極12和第二電極14的材料為金屬鈀膜，厚度為5奈米。所述金屬鈀與奈米碳管具有較好的潤濕效果，有利於所述第一電極12及第二電極14與所述奈米碳管膜16之間形成良好的電接觸，減少歐姆接觸電阻。當所述第一電極12及第二電極14採用銦錫氧化物（ITO）、銻錫氧化物（ATO）材料時，第一電極12及第二電極14為透明電極。The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are composed of a conductive material, and the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are elongated, and the material may be a conductive film, a metal piece or a metal lead. Preferably, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are both strip-shaped conductive films. The conductive film has a thickness of from 0.5 nm to 100 μm. The material of the conductive film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver paste, conductive polymer or conductive carbon nanotube. The metal or alloy material may be an alloy of aluminum, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, titanium, rhodium, palladium, iridium or any combination thereof. In this embodiment, the material of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 is a metal palladium film and has a thickness of 5 nm. The metal palladium has good wetting effect with the carbon nanotubes, which is favorable for forming good electrical contact between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 and the carbon nanotube film 16, and reducing ohmic contact. resistance. When the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are made of indium tin oxide (ITO) or antimony tin oxide (ATO) material, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are transparent electrodes.
所述的第一電極12和第二電極14平行間隔設置，並分別與奈米碳管膜16電連接，可以設置在奈米碳管膜16的同一表面上也可以設置在奈米碳管膜16的不同表面上，並所述奈米碳管膜16中的奈米碳管沿第一電極12到第二電極14擇優取向排列。其中，第一電極12和第二電極14間隔設置，以使奈米碳管膜16應用於除霜玻璃10時接入的阻值避免短路現象產生。由於奈米碳管膜16本身有很好的黏附性，故第一電極12和第二電極14直接可與奈米碳管膜16黏附在一起。The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are arranged in parallel and electrically connected to the carbon nanotube film 16, respectively, and may be disposed on the same surface of the carbon nanotube film 16 or on the carbon nanotube film. On the different surfaces of the 16 and the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film 16 are arranged in a preferred orientation along the first electrode 12 to the second electrode 14. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are spaced apart to allow the resistance of the carbon nanotube film 16 to be applied to the defrosting glass 10 to avoid short circuit. Since the carbon nanotube film 16 itself has good adhesion, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 can be directly adhered to the carbon nanotube film 16.
另外，當所述第一電極12及第二電極14為條形金屬片時，所述的第一電極12和第二電極14也可通過一導電黏結劑(圖未示)設置於該奈米碳管膜16的表面上，導電黏結劑在實現第一電極12和第二電極14與奈米碳管膜16電接觸的同時，還可以將所述第一電極12和第二電極14更好地固定於奈米碳管膜16的表面上。本實施例優選的導電黏結劑為銀膠。In addition, when the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are strip-shaped metal sheets, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 may also be disposed on the nanometer through a conductive adhesive (not shown). On the surface of the carbon tube film 16, the conductive adhesive can further improve the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 while achieving electrical contact between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 and the carbon nanotube film 16. The ground is fixed on the surface of the carbon nanotube film 16. The preferred conductive adhesive of this embodiment is a silver paste.
可以理解，第一電極12和第二電極14的結構和材料均不限，其設置目的是為了使所述奈米碳管膜16中流過電流。因此，所述第一電極12和第二電極14只需要導電，並與所述奈米碳管膜16之間形成電接觸都在本發明的保護範圍內。It can be understood that the structure and material of the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are not limited, and the purpose thereof is to make a current flow in the carbon nanotube film 16. Therefore, it is within the scope of the present invention that the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 need only be electrically conductive and form electrical contact with the carbon nanotube film 16.
所述高分子保護層15的材料為一透明高分子材料，可以是熱塑性聚合物或熱固性聚合物的一種或多種，如纖維素、聚對苯二甲酸乙酯、壓克力樹脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、酚醛樹脂、環氧樹脂、矽膠及聚酯等中的一種或多種。所述高分子保護層15厚度不限，可以根據實際情況選擇。所述高分子保護層15覆蓋於所述第一電極12、第二電極14和奈米碳管膜16之上，可以使該除霜玻璃10在絕緣狀態下使用，同時還可以避免所述奈米碳管膜16遭受外力的破壞。本實施例中，該高分子保護層15的材料為環氧樹脂，其厚度為200微米。The material of the polymer protective layer 15 is a transparent polymer material, which may be one or more of a thermoplastic polymer or a thermosetting polymer, such as cellulose, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic resin, polyethylene, One or more of polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone rubber and polyester. The thickness of the polymer protective layer 15 is not limited and may be selected according to actual conditions. The polymer protective layer 15 covers the first electrode 12, the second electrode 14, and the carbon nanotube film 16, so that the defrosting glass 10 can be used in an insulated state, and the naphthalene can be avoided. The carbon nanotube film 16 is damaged by an external force. In this embodiment, the material of the polymer protective layer 15 is an epoxy resin having a thickness of 200 μm.
可以理解，本發明實施例中的除霜玻璃10還可以包括多層奈米碳管膜16。當所述汽車玻璃貼膜10包括多層奈米碳管膜16時，該多層奈米碳管膜16可以重疊交叉設置。It can be understood that the defrosting glass 10 in the embodiment of the present invention may further include a plurality of layers of the carbon nanotube film 16. When the automotive glass film 10 includes a plurality of layers of carbon nanotube film 16, the multilayered carbon nanotube film 16 may be overlapped and disposed.
請參見圖4，本發明實施例的除霜玻璃10在使用時，可先將第一電極12和第二電極14連接導線後接入電源11。在接入電源11後，所述除霜玻璃10中的奈米碳管膜16即被加熱，從而將熱量使得可以快速傳遞至玻璃基體18，從而升溫將形成於除霜玻璃10表面的霜/霧除去。由於奈米碳管具有良好的導電性能，熱穩定性以及較高的電熱轉換效率，從而本實施例中的除霜玻璃10亦具有較高的電熱轉換效率。Referring to FIG. 4, the defrosting glass 10 of the embodiment of the present invention may be connected to the power source 11 after the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are connected to the wire. After the power source 11 is connected, the carbon nanotube film 16 in the defrosting glass 10 is heated, so that heat can be quickly transferred to the glass substrate 18, thereby raising the frost which will be formed on the surface of the defrosting glass 10 / The fog is removed. Since the carbon nanotube has good electrical conductivity, thermal stability and high electrothermal conversion efficiency, the defrosting glass 10 in this embodiment also has high electrothermal conversion efficiency.
請參見圖5，所述除霜玻璃10亦可以包括複數第一電極12及複數第二電極14，該複數第一電極12及複數第二電極14平行間隔設置，並與所述奈米碳管膜16電連接，且所述奈米碳管膜16中的奈米碳管沿第一電極12到第二電極14的方向擇優取向排列。使用時，所述複數第一電極12以及複數第二電極14通過導線分別於電源11的兩個電極電連接，從而在每兩個相鄰的第一電極12以及第二電極14之間形成相同的電勢差，從而可以降低所述奈米碳管膜16的加熱電壓，更易於控制除霜玻璃10的電熱轉換。Referring to FIG. 5, the defrosting glass 10 may further include a plurality of first electrodes 12 and a plurality of second electrodes 14. The plurality of first electrodes 12 and the plurality of second electrodes 14 are disposed in parallel with the carbon nanotubes. The membranes 16 are electrically connected, and the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube membrane 16 are arranged in a preferred orientation along the direction of the first electrode 12 to the second electrode 14. In use, the plurality of first electrodes 12 and the plurality of second electrodes 14 are electrically connected to the two electrodes of the power source 11 through wires, thereby forming the same between each two adjacent first electrodes 12 and the second electrodes 14. The potential difference is such that the heating voltage of the carbon nanotube film 16 can be lowered, and the electrothermal conversion of the defroster glass 10 can be more easily controlled.
請參閱圖6，本發明實施例提供一種應用所述除霜玻璃10的汽車20，該除霜玻璃10安裝於汽車20的車窗，做為汽車的擋風玻璃。該除霜玻璃10的玻璃基體18形成有奈米碳管膜16的表面朝向車廂內，玻璃基體18的另一表面暴露在車廂外部的空氣中。所述除霜玻璃10的第一電極12及第二電極14與汽車的供電系統電連接，所述奈米碳管膜16可通過汽車的供電系統通入電流，從而發熱。另外，當所述第一電極12及第二電極14為透明電極時，如採用ITO膜時，由於所述奈米碳管膜16為透明薄膜，該除霜玻璃10整體上具有透明的特點，因此該除霜玻璃10可應用於汽車的各個車窗，並不局限於汽車的後擋風玻璃。Referring to FIG. 6 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an automobile 20 to which the defrosting glass 10 is applied. The defrosting glass 10 is mounted on a window of the automobile 20 as a windshield of the automobile. The glass substrate 18 of the defrosting glass 10 is formed with the surface of the carbon nanotube film 16 facing the inside of the vehicle compartment, and the other surface of the glass substrate 18 is exposed to the air outside the compartment. The first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 of the defrosting glass 10 are electrically connected to a power supply system of an automobile, and the carbon nanotube film 16 can generate electric current through a power supply system of the automobile to generate heat. In addition, when the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14 are transparent electrodes, when the ITO film is used, since the carbon nanotube film 16 is a transparent film, the defrosting glass 10 has a transparent characteristic as a whole. Therefore, the defrosting glass 10 can be applied to various windows of an automobile, and is not limited to the rear windshield of the automobile.
請參閱圖7，本發明的除霜玻璃10應用於汽車20，汽車進一步包括一控制系統22，開關23，感測器24，供電系統25。所述控制系統22與所述供電系統25電連接，用於控制所述供電系統25的電壓，所述供電系統25通過所述第一電極12及第二電極14與所述除霜玻璃10電連接用於給所述除霜玻璃10供電。所述開關23與所述控制系統22電連接，並由汽車的乘員或駕駛員控制。另外，所述感測器24與所述控制系統22電連接，並感受汽車擋風玻璃上是否有霜/霧，並將信號傳送給控制系統22。該控制系統22可以根據感測器24發出的信號，控制除霜玻璃10進行除霜。所述感測器24還可感受玻璃上的溫度，太低的時候加熱，達到一定溫度上的時候停止加熱，可實現自動調節控制。Referring to FIG. 7, the defrosting glass 10 of the present invention is applied to an automobile 20, which further includes a control system 22, a switch 23, a sensor 24, and a power supply system 25. The control system 22 is electrically connected to the power supply system 25 for controlling the voltage of the power supply system 25, and the power supply system 25 is electrically connected to the defrosting glass 10 through the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 14. A connection is used to power the defroster glass 10. The switch 23 is electrically coupled to the control system 22 and is controlled by an occupant or driver of the vehicle. Additionally, the sensor 24 is electrically coupled to the control system 22 and senses whether there is frost/mist on the windshield of the vehicle and transmits the signal to the control system 22. The control system 22 can control the defrosting glass 10 to perform defrosting based on a signal from the sensor 24. The sensor 24 can also sense the temperature on the glass, heat when it is too low, and stop heating when it reaches a certain temperature, which can realize automatic adjustment control.
可以理解，本發明提供的除霜玻璃並不僅限於在汽車除霜領域內應用，還可以應用於建築玻璃，以及其他需要通過加熱玻璃除霜的領域。It can be understood that the defrosting glass provided by the present invention is not limited to the application in the field of automobile defrosting, but can also be applied to architectural glass, and other fields requiring defrosting by heated glass.
相對於先前技術所述除霜玻璃具有以下優點：第一，所述除霜玻璃包括一奈米碳管膜，通過給奈米碳管膜通電的方式實現對玻璃的加熱除霜，所述奈米碳管膜由複數奈米碳管組成，由於奈米碳管具有極大的長徑比，使得奈米碳管與玻璃基體之間的黏附力較強，所述複數奈米碳管首尾相連基本沿一個方向擇優取向排列，該奈米碳管膜為一個自支撐的整體結構，該奈米碳管膜不易從玻璃上脫落。該奈米碳管膜不易從玻璃上脫落。第二，由於奈米碳管具有良好的導電性能以及熱穩定性，具有比較高的電熱轉換效率，從而本發明中的除霜玻璃亦具有較高的電熱轉換效率。第三，奈米碳管膜為透明膜，不影響視覺效果，當使用透明導電膜作為第一電極及第二電極的時候，整體上是一個全透明的結構，可以應用於汽車的各個車窗，並不局限於汽車後窗。The defrosting glass has the following advantages over the prior art: First, the defrosting glass comprises a carbon nanotube film, and the defrosting of the glass is achieved by energizing the carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes. Since the carbon nanotubes have an extremely large aspect ratio, the adhesion between the carbon nanotubes and the glass substrate is strong, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are connected end to end. Arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction, the carbon nanotube film is a self-supporting monolithic structure, and the carbon nanotube film is not easily detached from the glass. The carbon nanotube film is not easily detached from the glass. Secondly, since the carbon nanotubes have good electrical conductivity and thermal stability, and have relatively high electrothermal conversion efficiency, the defrosting glass of the present invention also has high electrothermal conversion efficiency. Third, the carbon nanotube film is a transparent film, which does not affect the visual effect. When a transparent conductive film is used as the first electrode and the second electrode, the whole is a completely transparent structure, which can be applied to various windows of the automobile. It is not limited to the rear window of the car.
綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡習知本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
10‧‧‧除霜玻璃10‧‧‧Defrost glass
11‧‧‧電源11‧‧‧Power supply
12‧‧‧第一電極12‧‧‧First electrode
14‧‧‧第二電極14‧‧‧second electrode
15‧‧‧高分子保護層15‧‧‧ polymer protective layer
16‧‧‧奈米碳管膜16‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube film
17‧‧‧黏結劑層17‧‧‧Binder layer
18‧‧‧玻璃基體18‧‧‧ glass substrate
20‧‧‧汽車20‧‧‧Car
22‧‧‧控制系統22‧‧‧Control system
23‧‧‧開關23‧‧‧ switch
24‧‧‧感測器24‧‧‧ Sensor
25‧‧‧供電系統25‧‧‧Power supply system
圖1為本發明實施例提供的除霜玻璃的結構示意圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a defrosting glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為圖1的ІІ-ІІ剖面示意圖。2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ІІ-ІІ of FIG. 1.
圖3為本發明實施例提供的包括沿同一方向擇優取向排列的奈米碳管的奈米碳管膜的掃描電鏡照片。3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube film including carbon nanotubes arranged in a preferred orientation in the same direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4為圖1中的除霜玻璃使用時的結構示意圖。4 is a schematic structural view of the defrosting glass of FIG. 1 in use.
圖5為本發明實施例提供的包括複數第一電極及第二電極的 除霜玻璃的結構示意圖。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a defrosting glass including a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖6為本發明實施例的除霜玻璃應用於汽車時的結構示意圖。Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a defrosting glass used in an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖7為本發明實施例的除霜玻璃應用於汽車時的工作模組示意圖。FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a working module of a defrosting glass used in an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10‧‧‧除霜玻璃 10‧‧‧Defrost glass
12‧‧‧第一電極 12‧‧‧First electrode
14‧‧‧第二電極 14‧‧‧second electrode
15‧‧‧高分子保護層 15‧‧‧ polymer protective layer
16‧‧‧奈米碳管膜 16‧‧‧Nano carbon nanotube film
17‧‧‧黏結劑層 17‧‧‧Binder layer
18‧‧‧玻璃基體 18‧‧‧ glass substrate
Claims (14)
一玻璃基體具有一表面，其改良在於，進一步包括：
一奈米碳管膜設置於所述玻璃基體的表面，所述奈米碳管膜為由複數奈米碳管組成，所述複數奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連沿一個方向擇優取向排列；
一高分子保護層覆蓋所述奈米碳管膜；以及
至少一第一電極及一第二電極間隔設置並與所述奈米碳管膜電連接。A defrosting glass that includes:
A glass substrate has a surface, the improvement of which further comprises:
a carbon nanotube film is disposed on a surface of the glass substrate, wherein the carbon nanotube film is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are preferentially oriented in one direction by van der Waals force arrangement;
A polymer protective layer covers the carbon nanotube film; and at least a first electrode and a second electrode are spaced apart from each other and electrically connected to the carbon nanotube film.
一玻璃基體具有一表面，其改良在於，進一步包括：
多層奈米碳管膜交叉設置於所述玻璃基體的表面，所述奈米碳管膜為由複數奈米碳管組成，所述複數奈米碳管通過凡德瓦爾力首尾相連沿一個方向擇優取向排列；
一高分子保護層覆蓋所述奈米碳管膜；以及
至少一第一電極及一第二電極間隔設置並與所述多層奈米碳管膜電連接。A defrosting glass that includes:
A glass substrate has a surface, the improvement of which further comprises:
The multi-layered carbon nanotube film is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate, and the carbon nanotube film is composed of a plurality of carbon nanotubes, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are preferentially connected in one direction by van der Waals force Orientation arrangement
A polymer protective layer covers the carbon nanotube film; and at least a first electrode and a second electrode are spaced apart from each other and electrically connected to the multilayer carbon nanotube film.
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| CN103813554B (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2016-01-13 | 北京富纳特创新科技有限公司 | Defrosting glass and apply the automobile of this defrosting glass |
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| US20080280078A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-11-13 | Krisko Annette J | Carbon nanotube glazing technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20080280078A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-11-13 | Krisko Annette J | Carbon nanotube glazing technology |
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