TWI391497B - Magnesium-based matrix composite and method of making the same - Google Patents
Magnesium-based matrix composite and method of making the same Download PDFInfo
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本發明涉及一種複合材料及其製備方法，尤其涉及一種鎂基複合材料及其製備方法。 The invention relates to a composite material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a magnesium matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof.
鎂合金係現代結構金屬材料中最輕的一種，純鎂的密度約為1.74克每立方厘米，為鋁密度的2/3，鋼密度的1/4。鎂合金的優點係密度小，比强度、比鋼度高，减震性好，同時還具有優良的鑄造性能、切削加工性能、導熱性能和電磁屏蔽性能，被廣泛應用於汽車製造業、航空、航天、光學儀器製造和國防等領域。 Magnesium alloy is the lightest of the modern structural metal materials. The density of pure magnesium is about 1.74 grams per cubic centimeter, which is 2/3 of the density of aluminum and 1/4 of the density of steel. The advantages of magnesium alloy are small density, high specific strength, high specific steel, good shock absorption, and also excellent casting performance, cutting performance, thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance. It is widely used in automobile manufacturing, aviation, Aerospace, optical instrument manufacturing and defense.
根據成形工藝及合金元素的不同，鎂合金材料主要分為鑄造鎂合金和變形鎂合金兩大類。變形鎂合金通過於合金中加入有利於提高其形變特性的元素，擠壓、軋製、鍛造的方法固態成形，通過變形生產尺寸多樣的板、棒、管、型材及鍛件產品。由於變形加工消除了鑄造組織缺陷及細化了晶粒，故與鑄造鎂合金相比，變形鎂合金具有更高的强度、更好的延展性和更好的力學性能，同時生產成本更低。 According to the forming process and alloying elements, magnesium alloy materials are mainly divided into two major categories: cast magnesium alloy and wrought magnesium alloy. The wrought magnesium alloy is solid-formed by adding an element which is advantageous for improving its deformation characteristics, and is extruded, rolled, and forged, and produces various sizes of plates, rods, tubes, profiles, and forging products by deformation. Since the deformation process eliminates the defects of the cast structure and refines the grains, the wrought magnesium alloy has higher strength, better ductility and better mechanical properties than the cast magnesium alloy, and the production cost is lower.
然，先前技術中製備的鎂合金的韌性及强度均不能達到工業上的要求。為解决這一問題，一般採用向鎂合金中加入奈米級增强體的方式提高材料的强度和韌性(Goh C.S.,Wei J.,Lee L.C.,Gupta M.,Nanotechnology,vol 17,p7(2006))。然而，先前技術中製備鎂基複合材料一般採用鑄造方法，如粉末 冶金、熔體滲透、攪拌鑄造等。上述這些方法形成的鎂基複合材料一般為鑄錠的形式。於後續加工中需要通過擠壓、軋製、鍛造等方法製成所需型材，工藝步驟繁瑣。並且，於鎂合金熔融狀態中分散奈米級增强體較為困難，容易引起奈米級增强體的團聚，造成分散不均勻；使用粉末冶金方法雖然可以使這一問題相對改善，然粉末冶金法於生產過程中存在金屬粉末易燃燒、***等危險。另外，這些方法製備工藝均相對複雜、設備成本高、不易大規模工業化生產。 However, the toughness and strength of the magnesium alloy prepared in the prior art cannot meet the industrial requirements. In order to solve this problem, the strength and toughness of the material are generally increased by adding a nano-scale reinforcement to the magnesium alloy (Goh CS, Wei J., Lee LC, Gupta M., Nanotechnology, vol 17, p7 (2006). ). However, the preparation of magnesium-based composite materials in the prior art generally employs a casting method such as powder. Metallurgy, melt infiltration, agitation casting, etc. The magnesium-based composite materials formed by the above methods are generally in the form of ingots. In the subsequent processing, it is necessary to form the required profiles by extrusion, rolling, forging, etc., and the process steps are cumbersome. Moreover, it is difficult to disperse the nano-scale reinforcement in the molten state of the magnesium alloy, which is easy to cause agglomeration of the nano-scale reinforcement, resulting in uneven dispersion; although the powder metallurgy method can be used to relatively improve the problem, the powder metallurgy method Metal powder is liable to burn and explode during the production process. In addition, the preparation processes of these methods are relatively complicated, the equipment cost is high, and it is not easy to be industrialized on a large scale.
有鑒於此，提供一種奈米級增强體於鎂基金屬中均勻分布的鎂基複合材料及一種簡單易行、適合工業化生產的鎂基複合材料的製備方法實為必要。 In view of this, it is necessary to provide a magnesium-based composite material in which a nano-scale reinforcement is uniformly distributed in a magnesium-based metal and a preparation method of a magnesium-based composite material which is simple and suitable for industrial production.
以下將以實施例說明一種奈米級增强體於鎂基金屬中均勻分布的鎂基複合材料及一種工序簡單、適合工業化生產的鎂基複合材料的製備方法。 Hereinafter, a magnesium-based composite material in which a nano-scale reinforcement is uniformly distributed in a magnesium-based metal and a preparation method of a magnesium-based composite material which is simple in process and suitable for industrial production will be described by way of examples.
一種鎂基複合材料，包括鎂基金屬，其中，該鎂基複合材料進一步包括至少一奈米碳管薄膜，该奈米碳管薄膜複合於上述鎂基金屬中，所述奈米碳管薄膜中的奈米碳管沿同一方向排列。 A magnesium-based composite material comprising a magnesium-based metal, wherein the magnesium-based composite material further comprises at least one carbon nanotube film composited in the magnesium-based metal, in the carbon nanotube film The carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction.
一種鎂基複合材料的製備方法，其包括以下步驟：提供至少二鎂基板和至少一奈米碳管薄膜，所述奈米碳管薄膜中的奈米碳管沿同一方向排列；將該奈米碳管薄膜設置於二鎂基板之間，形成一預製體；及熱軋該預製體，形成鎂基複合材料。 A method for preparing a magnesium-based composite material, comprising the steps of: providing at least a two-magnesium substrate and at least one carbon nanotube film, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are arranged in the same direction; The carbon tube film is disposed between the two magnesium substrates to form a preform; and the preform is hot rolled to form a magnesium matrix composite.
與先前技術相比較，所述的鎂基複合材料採用將奈米級增强體薄膜夾於兩鎂基板之間形成預製體，再將此預製體通過熱軋的方式形成複合材料，奈米級增强體於薄膜中均勻分布，從而於形成後的鎂基複合材料中均勻分布，解決了於鎂基複合材料製備過程中奈米級增强體不易分散的問題，工藝簡單、易操作、可以實現生產過程連續化和批量生產，適合工業化生產的要求。並且，生產出的鎂基複合材料具有層狀結構，鎂基金屬層與鎂基複合層交替排列，提高了鎂基複合材料的强度和韌性，鎂基複合層層數越多，於鎂基複合材料中起到的增强增韌的效果越明顯。 Compared with the prior art, the magnesium-based composite material is formed by sandwiching a nano-scale reinforcement film between two magnesium substrates to form a preform, and then forming the composite material by hot rolling to form a composite material. The film is evenly distributed in the film, so that it is evenly distributed in the formed magnesium-based composite material, which solves the problem that the nano-scale reinforcement is not easily dispersed in the preparation process of the magnesium-based composite material, and the process is simple, easy to operate, and the production process can be realized. Continuous and mass production, suitable for industrial production requirements. Moreover, the produced magnesium-based composite material has a layered structure, and the magnesium-based metal layer and the magnesium-based composite layer are alternately arranged to improve the strength and toughness of the magnesium-based composite material, and the more the number of the magnesium-based composite layer, the magnesium-based composite The effect of enhanced toughening in the material is more pronounced.
下面將結合附圖及具體實施例，對本技術方案提供的一種鎂基複合材料及其製備方法作進一步的詳細說明。 A magnesium-based composite material and a preparation method thereof provided by the present technical solution will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
請參閱圖1，本發明第一實施例鎂基複合材料的製備方法主要包括以下幾個步驟： Referring to FIG. 1, a method for preparing a magnesium-based composite material according to a first embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
(一)提供一第一鎂基板和一第二鎂基板。 (1) A first magnesium substrate and a second magnesium substrate are provided.
本實施方式所提供之第一鎂基板和第二鎂基板可以係純鎂板或鎂合金板。當所提供之鎂基板為鎂合金板時，該鎂合金板的組成元素除鎂外，還含有鋅、錳、鋁、鋯、釷、鋰、銀、鈣等合金元素的一種或多種，其中鎂元素的質量百分含量為80%以上。並且，該第一鎂基板與第二鎂基板可以具有相同的元素組成，也可以具有不同的元素組成。鎂基板厚度為0.1毫米(mm)至1mm，優選為0.3mm。並且第一鎂基板和第二鎂基板可以為具有相同的 寬度的鎂基金屬板帶材。 The first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate provided in the embodiment may be pure magnesium plates or magnesium alloy plates. When the magnesium substrate provided is a magnesium alloy plate, the magnesium alloy plate contains one or more alloying elements such as zinc, manganese, aluminum, zirconium, hafnium, lithium, silver, calcium, etc. in addition to magnesium, wherein magnesium The mass percentage of the element is 80% or more. Moreover, the first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate may have the same elemental composition or may have different elemental compositions. The magnesium substrate has a thickness of from 0.1 mm (mm) to 1 mm, preferably 0.3 mm. And the first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate may have the same Width of magnesium-based sheet metal strip.
(二)分別於第一鎂基板及第二鎂基板一表面形成一過渡層。 (2) forming a transition layer on a surface of the first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate, respectively.
過渡層可以通過真空蒸鍍、濺射、沈積等表面處理的方法形成。 The transition layer can be formed by a surface treatment such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, or deposition.
本實施例採用真空蒸鍍法於鎂基板一表面形成過渡層。第一鎂基板表面的過渡層為於一真空蒸鍍機中形成。請參閱圖2，真空蒸鍍機至少包括一真空腔體110、一鎢舟120、一靶材130、一支撑架140，鎢舟120、靶材130及支撑架140置於真空腔體110內部。真空蒸鍍過程中，將第一鎂基板210置於支撑架140上，鎢舟120於高電流的作用下產生高熱量，將靶材130加熱成液態，蒸發至支撑架140上的第一鎂基板210一表面上，形成第一過渡層220。 In this embodiment, a transition layer is formed on one surface of the magnesium substrate by vacuum evaporation. The transition layer on the surface of the first magnesium substrate is formed in a vacuum evaporation machine. Referring to FIG. 2 , the vacuum evaporation machine includes at least a vacuum chamber 110 , a tungsten boat 120 , a target 130 , a support frame 140 , and the tungsten boat 120 , the target 130 , and the support frame 140 are disposed inside the vacuum chamber 110 . . During the vacuum evaporation process, the first magnesium substrate 210 is placed on the support frame 140, and the tungsten boat 120 generates high heat under the action of high current, and the target 130 is heated to a liquid state and evaporated to the first magnesium on the support frame 140. On a surface of the substrate 210, a first transition layer 220 is formed.
第二鎂基板230表面的第二過渡層240的形成過程與第一鎂基板210表面的第一過渡層220的形成過程相同。靶材130為鎳金屬或鎳合金。第一過渡層220與第二過渡層240的成分為鎳金屬層或含鎳的合金層。當靶材130及第一過渡層220和第二過渡層240的成分為含鎳合金層時，該含鎳合金層的組成元素除鎳外還含有鎂、鋁、鋅等。於鎂基板表面形成過渡層有利於於之後的熱軋過程中促進奈米級增强體薄膜與鎂基體表面鍵合，從而提高鎂基複合材料的强度和韌性。 The formation process of the second transition layer 240 on the surface of the second magnesium substrate 230 is the same as the formation process of the first transition layer 220 on the surface of the first magnesium substrate 210. The target 130 is a nickel metal or a nickel alloy. The composition of the first transition layer 220 and the second transition layer 240 is a nickel metal layer or a nickel-containing alloy layer. When the components of the target 130 and the first transition layer 220 and the second transition layer 240 are nickel-containing alloy layers, the constituent elements of the nickel-containing alloy layer contain magnesium, aluminum, zinc, and the like in addition to nickel. Forming a transition layer on the surface of the magnesium substrate facilitates the surface bonding of the nano-scale reinforcement film to the magnesium substrate during the subsequent hot rolling, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the magnesium-based composite material.
(三)提供至少一奈米級增强體薄膜。 (3) Providing at least one nanometer-reinforced film.
本實施方式所提供之奈米級增强體薄膜可以係奈米碳管(CNTs)薄膜或碳纖維薄膜。奈米級增强體薄膜的質量百分含量為鎂基複合材料總質量的0.5%至2%，優選為1%。本實施例中所用之奈米級增强體薄膜為奈米碳管薄膜。該奈米碳管薄膜的形成方式為通過從奈米碳管陣列中拉膜的方法製備。該拉膜的方法進一步包括以下步驟：首先，提供一奈米碳管陣列，優選地，該陣列為超順排奈米碳管陣列。 The nano-sized reinforcement film provided in the present embodiment may be a carbon nanotube (CNTs) film or a carbon fiber film. The nano-reinforcing film has a mass percentage of 0.5% to 2%, preferably 1%, based on the total mass of the magnesium-based composite. The nano-sized reinforcement film used in the present embodiment is a carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film is formed by a method of drawing a film from a carbon nanotube array. The method of pulling a film further comprises the steps of first providing an array of carbon nanotubes, preferably the array is a super-sequential carbon nanotube array.
其次，採用一拉伸工具從奈米碳管陣列中拉取獲得至少一奈米碳管薄膜。 Next, at least one carbon nanotube film is obtained by pulling from the carbon nanotube array using a stretching tool.
其具體包括以下步驟：(a)從上述奈米碳管陣列中選定一定寬度的多個奈米碳管片斷，本實施例優選為採用具有一定寬度的膠帶接觸奈米碳管陣列以選定一定寬度的多個奈米碳管片斷；(b)以一定速度沿基本垂直於奈米碳管陣列生長方向拉伸該多個奈米碳管片斷，以形成一連續的奈米碳管薄膜。 Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: (a) selecting a plurality of carbon nanotube segments of a certain width from the carbon nanotube array; in this embodiment, it is preferred to contact the carbon nanotube array with a tape having a certain width to select a certain width. a plurality of carbon nanotube segments; (b) stretching the plurality of carbon nanotube segments at a rate substantially perpendicular to the growth direction of the carbon nanotube array to form a continuous carbon nanotube film.
此過程可進一步包括將多層奈米碳管薄膜重叠，形成一多層的奈米碳管薄膜結構。其中，每層奈米碳管薄膜中的奈米碳管均為有序排列或擇優取向排列，並且，各層中奈米碳管薄膜中奈米碳管排列的方向可以為同一方向，也可以為不同方向。 The process can further include overlapping the plurality of layers of carbon nanotube film to form a multilayered carbon nanotube film structure. Wherein, the carbon nanotubes in each layer of the carbon nanotube film are arranged in an ordered or preferred orientation, and the directions of the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film in each layer may be the same direction, or different direction.
可以理解，奈米碳管薄膜的製備方法不局限於上述的拉膜方式，如，通過擠壓奈米碳管陣列的方式形成一奈米碳管薄膜或形成一奈米碳管絮化薄膜，其實質在於能够 得到一自支撑的奈米碳管薄膜，該奈米級增强體薄膜中奈米級增强體為無序排列，沿不同方向有序排列或擇優取向排列。因此，依據本發明精神對本發明所述奈米碳管薄膜的製備方法做其它非實質性變化，都應包含於本發明所要求的保護範圍內。 It can be understood that the preparation method of the carbon nanotube film is not limited to the above-mentioned film drawing method, for example, forming a carbon nanotube film or forming a carbon nanotube flocculation film by extruding a carbon nanotube array. Its essence lies in its ability A self-supporting carbon nanotube film is obtained. The nano-scale reinforcement in the nano-scale enhancement film is disorderly arranged, arranged in different directions or arranged in a preferred orientation. Therefore, other insubstantial changes in the preparation method of the carbon nanotube film of the present invention in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection required by the present invention.
(四)將奈米級增强體薄膜設置於第一鎂基板過渡層表面。 (4) The nano-scale reinforcement film is disposed on the surface of the transition layer of the first magnesium substrate.
請參閱圖3，將奈米級增强體薄膜250設置於第一鎂基板210的過渡層220表面，可以通過將一奈米碳管薄膜或碳纖維薄膜覆蓋於第一鎂基板過渡層上形成。 Referring to FIG. 3, the nano-scale enhancer film 250 is disposed on the surface of the transition layer 220 of the first magnesium substrate 210, and may be formed by covering a carbon nanotube film or a carbon fiber film on the first magnesium substrate transition layer.
可以理解，可直接將奈米碳管薄膜或碳纖維薄膜粘附於第一鎂基板210表面。 It can be understood that the carbon nanotube film or the carbon fiber film can be directly adhered to the surface of the first magnesium substrate 210.
(五)將第二鎂基板覆蓋於上述奈米級增强體薄膜上，以形成一預製體。 (5) covering the second magnesium substrate with the second magnesium substrate to form a preform.
請參閱圖4，將固定於第一鎂基板210的第一過渡層220表面的奈米級增强體薄膜250上覆蓋第二鎂基板230，使第二鎂基板230的第二過渡層240朝向奈米級增强體薄膜250，以形成一預製體200。該預製體200由第一鎂基板210、第一過渡層220、第二鎂基板230、第二過渡層240及奈米級增强體薄膜250組成，該奈米級增强體薄膜250位於第一過渡層220與第二過渡層240之間。 Referring to FIG. 4, the nano-scale enhancement film 250 fixed on the surface of the first transition layer 220 of the first magnesium substrate 210 is covered on the second magnesium substrate 230, and the second transition layer 240 of the second magnesium substrate 230 is oriented toward the bottom. The rice grade reinforcement film 250 is formed to form a preform 200. The preform 200 is composed of a first magnesium substrate 210, a first transition layer 220, a second magnesium substrate 230, a second transition layer 240, and a nano-scale enhancement film 250. The nano-scale enhancement film 250 is located in the first transition. Between layer 220 and second transition layer 240.
(六)熱軋該預製體，形成鎂基複合材料。 (6) hot rolling the preform to form a magnesium-based composite material.
請參閱圖5，預製體200的熱軋過程為於一熱軋機300中進 行，該熱軋機至少包括軋輥310，上述軋輥310可以被加熱至一定溫度。並且，該熱軋機還進一步包括一預熱箱320，預製體200熱軋前於預熱箱320中加熱。上述預熱箱320及軋輥310的加熱溫度為300℃至400℃。 Referring to FIG. 5, the hot rolling process of the preform 200 is performed in a hot rolling mill 300. In the row, the hot rolling mill includes at least a roll 310 which can be heated to a certain temperature. Moreover, the hot rolling mill further includes a preheating tank 320, and the preform 200 is heated in the preheating tank 320 before hot rolling. The heating temperature of the preheating tank 320 and the roll 310 is 300 ° C to 400 ° C.
預製體的熱軋具體包括以下步驟：首先，將預製體及熱軋機的軋輥預熱。 The hot rolling of the preform specifically comprises the following steps: First, the preform and the rolls of the hot rolling mill are preheated.
本實施例中，將預製體200送入預熱箱320中，於300℃至400℃下預熱10分鐘，並於將預製體200預熱的同時，使熱軋機300的軋輥310加熱到相同溫度。將預製體200於熱軋前通過預熱箱320預熱，使第一鎂基板210與第二鎂基板230相互之間具有更好的結合能力，有助於於熱軋過程中使第一鎂基板210與第二鎂基板230有效複合。 In this embodiment, the preform 200 is sent to the preheating tank 320, preheated at 300 ° C to 400 ° C for 10 minutes, and the preform 310 is preheated, and the roll 310 of the hot rolling mill 300 is heated to The same temperature. Preheating the preform 200 through the preheating box 320 before hot rolling, so that the first magnesium substrate 210 and the second magnesium substrate 230 have better bonding ability with each other, and contribute to the first magnesium during the hot rolling process. The substrate 210 and the second magnesium substrate 230 are effectively combined.
其次，將預熱後的預製體送入熱軋機軋輥之間，熱軋該預製體，形成鎂基複合材料。 Next, the preheated preform is fed between hot rolling mill rolls, and the preform is hot rolled to form a magnesium matrix composite.
熱軋機300的軋輥310對預製體200產生一壓力，並且，由於軋輥310與預製體200具有相同的溫度，使預製體200第一鎂基板210與第二鎂基板230更易結合。 The roll 310 of the hot rolling mill 300 generates a pressure on the preform 200, and since the roll 310 has the same temperature as the preform 200, the first magnesium substrate 210 and the second magnesium substrate 230 of the preform 200 are more easily bonded.
通過此熱軋過程，鎂基金屬滲入奈米級增强體間隙中，與奈米級增强體複合，形成一鎂基複合層，通過此鎂基複合層將該鎂基複合層兩側的鎂合金板結合為一個整體，並且，奈米級增强體於鎂基複合層中可以為無序排列、沿不同方向有序排列或擇優取向排列。 Through this hot rolling process, the magnesium-based metal penetrates into the nano-scale reinforcement gap and is combined with the nano-scale reinforcement to form a magnesium-based composite layer through which the magnesium alloy on both sides of the magnesium-based composite layer is formed. The sheets are combined as a whole, and the nano-scale reinforcements may be arranged in a disorderly arrangement in the magnesium-based composite layer, in an ordered arrangement in different directions, or in a preferred orientation.
(七)對熱軋後的產物進行退火處理，得到鎂基複合材 料。 (7) Annealing the product after hot rolling to obtain a magnesium-based composite material material.
該退火處理係於高真空加熱爐中進行的。退火溫度為180℃至320℃，退火時間為2至3小時。將熱軋後的產物於高真空加熱爐中進行退後處理後，即得到鎂基複合材料。通過將熱軋後的產物進行退火處理，可以清除熱軋時於鎂基板內產生的內應力。 This annealing treatment is carried out in a high vacuum heating furnace. The annealing temperature is from 180 ° C to 320 ° C and the annealing time is from 2 to 3 hours. After the hot-rolled product is subjected to a post-treatment treatment in a high-vacuum heating furnace, a magnesium-based composite material is obtained. By annealing the hot rolled product, the internal stress generated in the magnesium substrate during hot rolling can be removed.
本實施例所得到的鎂基複合材料400如圖6所示。鎂基體滲入奈米級增强體間隙中，與奈米級增强體複合，形成一鎂基複合層430，於鎂基複合材料400中通過該鎂基複合層430將第一鎂基板210與第二鎂基板230結合為一整體。可以發現，此鎂基複合材料400包含三層結構，第一鎂基金屬層410、第二鎂基金屬層420及鎂基複合層430。鎂基複合層430位於第一鎂基金屬層410與第二鎂基金屬層420之間。第一鎂基金屬層410與第二鎂基金屬層420厚度為0.2至0.4mm，鎂基複合層430厚度為1奈米(nm)至100nm。 The magnesium-based composite material 400 obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. The magnesium matrix is infiltrated into the nano-scale reinforcement gap and is combined with the nano-scale reinforcement to form a magnesium-based composite layer 430. The first magnesium substrate 210 and the second magnesium substrate 210 are passed through the magnesium-based composite layer 430 in the magnesium-based composite material 400. The magnesium substrate 230 is combined as a whole. It can be found that the magnesium-based composite material 400 comprises a three-layer structure, a first magnesium-based metal layer 410, a second magnesium-based metal layer 420, and a magnesium-based composite layer 430. The magnesium-based composite layer 430 is located between the first magnesium-based metal layer 410 and the second magnesium-based metal layer 420. The first magnesium-based metal layer 410 and the second magnesium-based metal layer 420 have a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and the magnesium-based composite layer 430 has a thickness of 1 nanometer (nm) to 100 nm.
上述實施例中提供了一種鎂基複合材料的製備方法。該方法中，由於奈米基增强體組成一自支撑薄膜結構，並且奈米級增强體於該自支撑薄膜結構中均勻分布，因此得到的鎂基複合材料不存在奈米級增强體團聚問題，奈米級增强體於鎂基金屬中的分布更為均勻。另外，將奈米級增强體分布於鎂基複合層中比將奈米級增强體分布於整個鎂基複合材料中更易於實施。 A method of preparing a magnesium-based composite material is provided in the above embodiment. In this method, since the nano-based reinforcement constitutes a self-supporting film structure, and the nano-scale reinforcement is uniformly distributed in the self-supporting film structure, the obtained magnesium-based composite material does not have a problem of agglomeration of the nano-scale reinforcement. Nano-scale reinforcements are more evenly distributed in magnesium-based metals. In addition, it is easier to implement the distribution of the nano-scale reinforcement in the magnesium-based composite layer than to distribute the nano-scale reinforcement throughout the magnesium-based composite material.
如圖7所示，本技術方案第二實施例提供了一種具有五層 結構的鎂基複合材料500，其包含第一鎂基金屬層510、第二鎂基金屬層520、第三鎂基金屬層530，及第一鎂基複合層540、第二鎂基複合層550，鎂基金屬層與鎂基複合層交替排列，每一鎂基複合層位於兩鎂基金屬層之間。鎂基金屬層厚度為0.2至0.4mm，鎂基複合層厚度為1nm至100nm。 As shown in FIG. 7, the second embodiment of the present technical solution provides a five-layer The magnesium-based composite material 500 of the structure comprises a first magnesium-based metal layer 510, a second magnesium-based metal layer 520, a third magnesium-based metal layer 530, and a first magnesium-based composite layer 540 and a second magnesium-based composite layer 550. The magnesium-based metal layer and the magnesium-based composite layer are alternately arranged, and each of the magnesium-based composite layers is located between the two magnesium-based metal layers. The magnesium-based metal layer has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, and the magnesium-based composite layer has a thickness of 1 nm to 100 nm.
第二實施例中的鎂基複合材料500的製備方法與第一實施例基本相同，與第一實施例不同的係，所述預製體的形成進一步包括以下步驟：於第二鎂基板遠離第一鎂基板的表面形成第三過渡層；於第三過渡層表面覆蓋另一奈米級增强體薄膜；提供第三鎂基板，並於第三鎂基板一表面形成第四過渡層；於第三過渡層表面上的奈米級增强體薄膜上覆蓋第三鎂基板，並使第三鎂基板的第四過渡層朝向該奈米級增强體薄膜，形成一預製體。 The method for preparing the magnesium-based composite material 500 in the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Unlike the first embodiment, the formation of the preform further includes the steps of: separating the second magnesium substrate from the first Forming a third transition layer on the surface of the magnesium substrate; covering the surface of the third transition layer with another nano-scale reinforcement film; providing a third magnesium substrate and forming a fourth transition layer on a surface of the third magnesium substrate; The nano-scale reinforcement film on the surface of the layer covers the third magnesium substrate, and the fourth transition layer of the third magnesium substrate faces the nano-scale reinforcement film to form a preform.
此預製體的形成也可以進一步包括以下步驟：提供第一實施例形成之鎂基複合材料300、第二奈米級增强體薄膜及第三鎂基板；於鎂基複合材料300一表面形成第三過渡層；於第三鎂基板一表面形成第四過渡層；於第三過渡層表面覆蓋第二奈米級增强體薄膜；於該奈米級增强體薄膜上覆蓋第三鎂基板，並使第三鎂基板表面的第四過渡層朝向該奈米級增强體薄膜，形成一預製體。 The formation of the preform may further include the steps of: providing the magnesium-based composite material 300, the second nano-scale reinforcement film, and the third magnesium substrate formed in the first embodiment; forming a third surface on the surface of the magnesium-based composite material 300. a transition layer; forming a fourth transition layer on a surface of the third magnesium substrate; covering the surface of the third transition layer with a second nano-scale enhancement film; covering the third-level reinforcement film with the third magnesium substrate, and The fourth transition layer on the surface of the three-magnesium substrate faces the nano-scale reinforcement film to form a preform.
可以理解，上述鎂基複合材料的製備方法可以推廣到多層鎂基板與多層奈米級增强體薄膜複合，從而形成多層結構的預製體。將此多層結構的預製體熱軋後所得到的鎂基複合材料中包含多層鎂基複合層及多層鎂基金屬層 交替排布，並且，每層鎂基複合層均位於兩鎂基金屬層之間。 It can be understood that the preparation method of the above-mentioned magnesium-based composite material can be extended to the composite of a multi-layered magnesium substrate and a multi-layered nano-scale reinforcement film to form a multilayer structure preform. The magnesium-based composite material obtained by hot-rolling the pre-formed body of the multilayer structure comprises a multi-layered magnesium-based composite layer and a multi-layered magnesium-based metal layer Alternately arranged, and each layer of the magnesium-based composite layer is located between the two magnesium-based metal layers.
所述的鎂基複合材料的製備方法利用多層鎂基板與奈米級增强體進行層叠，可以生產出不同厚度，包含多層鎂基複合層的板帶材，鎂基複合層的層數越多，於鎂基複合材料中增强增韌的效果越明顯。另外，利用熱軋的方法直接將鎂基板與奈米級增强體薄膜複合，工藝簡單、易操作、適合工業化生產的應用。此種複合材料將形變鎂合金强度高、延展性及力學性能好的特點與奈米級增强體的增强增韌作用相結合，得到具有較好綜合機械性能的鎂基複合材料。 The method for preparing the magnesium-based composite material utilizes a multi-layered magnesium substrate and a nano-scale reinforcement to laminate, and can produce different thicknesses, including a multi-layer magnesium-based composite layer, and the number of layers of the magnesium-based composite layer is increased. The effect of strengthening and toughening in the magnesium-based composite material is more obvious. In addition, the method of hot rolling is used to directly combine the magnesium substrate with the nano-scale reinforcement film, and the process is simple, easy to operate, and suitable for industrial production. The composite material combines the characteristics of high strength, ductility and mechanical properties of the deformed magnesium alloy with the strengthening and toughening effect of the nano-scale reinforcement to obtain a magnesium-based composite material with better comprehensive mechanical properties.
可以理解，所述實施方式不局限於採用奈米碳管(CNTs)薄膜或碳纖維薄膜，任何其它增强相，只要具有自支撑的薄膜結構，均於本發明限定範圍內。所述實施方式不局限於採用於鎂基板表面覆蓋奈米級增强體薄膜的方式使奈米級增强體薄膜均勻分布於鎂基板表面，任何其他方式，如直接於鎂基板表面生長奈米碳管，只要能起到上述將奈米級增强體設置於鎂基板表面，並且奈米級增强體均勻分布之效果，均於本發明限定範圍內。 It will be appreciated that the embodiments are not limited to the use of carbon nanotube (CNTs) films or carbon fiber films, and any other reinforcing phase, as long as it has a self-supporting film structure, is within the scope of the invention. The embodiment is not limited to the method of uniformly covering the surface of the magnesium substrate with the nano-scale reinforcement film, so that the nano-scale reinforcement film is uniformly distributed on the surface of the magnesium substrate, and any other manner, such as growing the carbon nanotube directly on the surface of the magnesium substrate. Any effect that the nano-scale reinforcement is disposed on the surface of the magnesium substrate and the nano-scale reinforcement is uniformly distributed can be achieved within the scope of the present invention.
綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
100‧‧‧真空蒸鍍機 100‧‧‧Vacuum evaporation machine
110‧‧‧真空腔體 110‧‧‧vacuum chamber
120‧‧‧鎢舟 120‧‧‧Tungsten boat
130‧‧‧靶材 130‧‧‧ Target
140‧‧‧支撑架 140‧‧‧Support frame
200‧‧‧預製體 200‧‧‧Prefabricated body
210‧‧‧第一鎂基板 210‧‧‧First magnesium substrate
220‧‧‧第一過渡層 220‧‧‧First transition layer
230‧‧‧第二鎂基板 230‧‧‧second magnesium substrate
240‧‧‧第二過渡層 240‧‧‧Second transition layer
250‧‧‧奈米級增强體薄膜 250‧‧‧Nano-sized intensive film
300‧‧‧熱軋機 300‧‧‧ hot rolling mill
310‧‧‧軋輥 310‧‧‧ Rolls
320‧‧‧預熱箱 320‧‧‧Preheating box
400,500‧‧‧鎂基複合材料 400,500‧‧‧Magnesium-based composites
410,510‧‧‧第一鎂基金屬層 410,510‧‧‧First magnesium-based metal layer
420,520‧‧‧第二鎂基金屬層 420,520‧‧‧second magnesium-based metal layer
430‧‧‧鎂基複合層 430‧‧‧Magnesium-based composite layer
530‧‧‧第三鎂基金屬層 530‧‧‧ Third magnesium-based metal layer
540‧‧‧第一鎂基複合層 540‧‧‧First magnesium-based composite layer
550‧‧‧第二鎂基複合層 550‧‧‧Second magnesium-based composite layer
圖1係本技術方案鎂基複合材料的製備方法的流程示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of a magnesium-based composite material according to the technical solution.
圖2係本技術方案第一實施例鎂基板過渡層的形成過程示意圖。 2 is a schematic view showing a process of forming a transition layer of a magnesium substrate according to a first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖3係本技術方案第一實施例奈米級增强體覆蓋於鎂基板過渡層表面的結構示意圖。 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a nano-scale reinforcement covering the surface of a transition layer of a magnesium substrate in the first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖4係本技術方案第一實施例鎂基複合材料預製體的結構示意圖。 4 is a schematic structural view of a preform of a magnesium-based composite material according to a first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖5係本技術方案第一實施例對鎂基複合材料預製體進行熱軋過程的示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a hot rolling process of a magnesium-based composite preform according to a first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖6係本技術方案第一實施例的鎂基複合材料的結構示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a magnesium-based composite material according to a first embodiment of the present technical solution.
圖7係本技術方案第二實施例的鎂基複合材料的結構示意圖。 FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a magnesium-based composite material according to a second embodiment of the present technical solution.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3888661A (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1975-06-10 | Us Army | Production of graphite fiber reinforced metal matrix composites |
| US4056874A (en) * | 1976-05-13 | 1977-11-08 | Celanese Corporation | Process for the production of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium composite articles |
| US4134759A (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1979-01-16 | The Research Institute For Iron, Steel And Other Metals Of The Tohoku University | Light metal matrix composite materials reinforced with silicon carbide fibers |
| JPS58107435A (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-27 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Carbon fiber-reinforced metallic composite material |
| JPH03257146A (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1991-11-15 | Showa Alum Corp | Production of aluminum foil for resin laminate |
| US5614684A (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1997-03-25 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Superplastic Mg-based composite material and method for production thereof |
| US20070036978A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2007-02-15 | University Of Central Florida | Carbon nanotube reinforced metal composites |
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| US3888661A (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1975-06-10 | Us Army | Production of graphite fiber reinforced metal matrix composites |
| US4056874A (en) * | 1976-05-13 | 1977-11-08 | Celanese Corporation | Process for the production of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium composite articles |
| US4134759A (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1979-01-16 | The Research Institute For Iron, Steel And Other Metals Of The Tohoku University | Light metal matrix composite materials reinforced with silicon carbide fibers |
| JPS58107435A (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-27 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Carbon fiber-reinforced metallic composite material |
| JPH03257146A (en) * | 1990-03-07 | 1991-11-15 | Showa Alum Corp | Production of aluminum foil for resin laminate |
| US5614684A (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1997-03-25 | Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Superplastic Mg-based composite material and method for production thereof |
| US20070036978A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2007-02-15 | University Of Central Florida | Carbon nanotube reinforced metal composites |
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