200916589 九、發明說明： *【發明所屬之技術領域】 • 本發明涉及一種複合材料及其製備方法，尤其涉及一 種鎂基複合材料及其製備方法。 一 【先前技術】 鎂合金係現代結構金屬材料中最輕的一種，純鎂的密 度約爲克每立方厘米，爲鋁密度的2/3，鋼密度的 1/4。鎂合金的優點係密度小，比强度、比鋼度高，减震性 好，同時還具有優良的鑄造性能、切削加工性能、導熱性 能和電磁屏蔽性能，被廣泛應用於汽車製造業、航空、航 天、光學儀器製造和國防等領域。 根據成形工藝及合金元素的不同，鎂合金材料主要分 爲鑄造鎂合金和變形鎂合金兩大類。變形鎂合金通過於合 金中加入有利於提高其形變特性的元素，擠壓、軋製、鍛 (造的方法固態成形，通過變形生産尺寸多樣的板、棒、管、 型材及锻件産品。由於變形加工消除了鑄造組織缺陷及細 化了晶粒，故與鑄造鎂合金相比，變形鎂合金具有更高的 强度、更好的延展性和更好的力學性能，同時生産成本更 低。 然，先前技術中製備的鎂合金的韌性及强度均不能達 到工業上的要求。爲解决這一問題，一般採用向鎂合金中 加入奈米級增强體的方式提高材料的强度和韌性（G〇h C.S·，Wei J·，Lee L.C.，Gupta Μ.，Nanotechnology, vol 17, 8 200916589 p7(2006))。然而’先前技術中製備鎂基複合材料—般採用 鑄造方法，如粉末冶金、熔體滲透、攪拌鑄造等。上述這 些方法形成的鎂基複合材料一般爲鑄錠的形式。於後續加 •工中需要通過擠壓、軋製、鍛造等方法製成所需型材，工 藝步驟繁瑣。並且，於鎂合金熔融狀態中分散奈米級增强 體較爲困難，容易引起奈米級增强體的團聚，造成分散不 均勻；使用粉末冶金方法雖然可以使這一問題相對改盖， 然粉末冶金法於生産過程中存在金屬粉末易燃燒、***等 危險。另外’這些方法製備工藝均相對複雜、設備成本高、 不易大規模工業化生産。 有鑒於此，提供一種奈米級增强體於鎂基金屬中均勻 分布的鎂基複合材料及一種簡單易行、適合工業化生産的 鎂基複合材料的製備方法實爲必要。 【發明内容】 以下將以實施例說明一種奈米級增强體 均勾分布㈣基複合材料及—種工賴單、適合 産的鎂基複合材料的製備方法。 —種鎂基複合材料，包括鎂基金屬， =料進-步包括至少-奈米級增㈣薄職置於^减 金屬中。 至I-種鎂基複合材料的製備方法，其包括以下步驟：提供 基板和至少—奈米級增强體薄臈；㈣奈米級增 强體薄膜設置於二錯基拓 、 板之間，形成一預製體；及熱軋該 9 200916589 預製體，形成鎂基複合材料。 .與先前技術相比較’所述的鎂基複合材料採用將奈米 .級增强體薄膜夾於兩鎂基板之間形成預製體，再將此預製 體通過熱軋的方式形成複合材料，奈米級增强體於薄膜中 均勻分布，從而於形成後的鎂基複合材料中均勻分布，解 决了於鎂基複合材料製備過程中奈米級增强體不易分散的 ，題，工藝簡單、易操作'可以實現生産過程連續化和批 =生産，適合工業化生産的要求。並且，生産出的鎂基複 合材料具有層狀結構，鎂基金屬層與鎂基複合層交替排 歹J &间了鎂基複合材料的强度和勤性，鎂基複合層層數 越夕，於鎂基複合材料中起到的增强增韌的效果越明顯。 【實施方式】 下面將結合附圖及具體實施例，對本技術方案提供的 一種鎂基複合材料及其製備方法作進一步的詳細說明。 請參閱圖1，本發明第一實施例鎂基複合材料的製備 方法主要包括以下幾個步驟·· (一）提供一第一鎂基板和一第二鎂基板。 本實施方式所提供之第一鎂基板和第二鎂基板可以係 純鎂板或鎂合金板。當所提供之鎂基板爲鎂合金板時，該 鎂合金板的組成元素除鎂外，還含有鋅、錳、鋁、锆、钍、 鐘、銀、約等合金元素的-種或多種，其中鎮元素的質量 百分含量爲80%以上。並且，該第_鎮基板與第二鎮基板 可以具有相同的元素組成，纟可以具有不同的元素組成。 200916589 鎂基板厚度爲0.1毫米（mm)至lmm，優選爲0.3 mm。並且 第一鎂基板和第二鎂基板可以爲具有相同的寬度的鎂基金 屬板帶材。 (二）分別於第一鎂基板及第二鎂基板一表面形成一 過渡層。 過渡層可以通過真空蒸鍍、濺射、沈積等表面處理的 方法形成。 本實施例採用真空蒸鍍法於鎂基板一表面形成過渡 層。第一鎂基板表面的過渡層爲於一真空蒸鍍機中形成。 請參閱圖2,真空蒸鍍機至少包括一真空腔體110、一鎢舟 120、一靶材130、一支撑架140，鎢舟120、靶材130及 支撑架140置於真空腔體110内部。真空蒸鍍過程中，將 第一鎂基板210置於支撑架140上，鎢舟120於高電流的 作用下産生高熱量，將靶材130加熱成液態，蒸發至支撑 架140上的第一鎂基板210 —表面上，形成第一過渡層 220 ° 第二鎂基板230表面的第二過渡層240的形成過程與 第一鎂基板210表面的第一過渡層220的形成過程相同。 靶材130爲鎳金屬或鎳合金。第一過渡層220與第二過渡 層240的成分爲鎳金屬層或含鎳的合金層。當靶材130及 第一過渡層220和第二過渡層240的成分爲含鎳合金層 時，該含錄合金層的組成元素除錄外還含有鎂、铭、鋅等。 於鎂基板表面形成過渡層有利於於之後的熱軋過程中促進 奈米級增强體薄膜與鎂基體表面鍵合，從而提高鎂基複合 11 200916589 材料的强度和拿刃性。 (二）提供至少一奈米級增强體薄膜。 本實施方式所提供之奈米級增强體薄膜可以係奈米碳 管（CNTs)薄膜或碳纖維薄膜。奈米級增强體薄膜的質量百 分含i爲錤基複合材料總質量的〇.5%至2%，優選爲}%。 本實施例中所用之奈米級增强體薄膜爲奈米碳管薄膜。該 不米反笞薄膜的形成方式爲通過從奈米碳管陣列中拉膜的 方法製備。該拉膜的方法進一步包括以下步驟： 首先，提供一奈米碳管陣列，優選地，該陣列爲超順 排奈米碳管陣列。 /、人採用一拉伸工具從奈米碳管陣列中拉取獲得至 少一奈米碳管薄膜。 〜ΪΪ體包括以下步驟：（a)從上述奈米碳管陣列中選 定一ΪΪ度的多個奈米碳管片斷，本實施例優選爲採用具 有一疋寬度的膠帶接觸奈米碳管陣列以選定一定寬度的多 個不米奴s片，（ b )以一定速度沿基本垂直於奈米碳管 陣列生長方向拉伸該多個奈米碳管片斷，以形成— 奈米碳管薄膜。 、 bk私可進—步包括將多層奈米破管薄膜重叠，形成 —多層=奈米碟管薄膜結構。其中，每層奈米碳管薄膜中 的奈米碳管均爲有序排職擇優取向排列，並且、 奈米碳管薄膜中奈米碳管排列的方向可以爲同一方γ 可以爲不同方向。 也 可以理解，奈米碳管薄膜的製備方法不局限於上述的 12 200916589200916589 IX. Description of the invention: * [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a composite material and a preparation method thereof, and more particularly to a magnesium-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. 1. [Prior Art] Magnesium alloy is the lightest of the modern structural metal materials. The density of pure magnesium is about gram per cubic centimeter, which is 2/3 of the density of aluminum and 1/4 of the density of steel. The advantages of magnesium alloy are small density, high specific strength, high specific steel, good shock absorption, and also excellent casting performance, cutting performance, thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance. It is widely used in automobile manufacturing, aviation, Aerospace, optical instrument manufacturing and defense. According to the forming process and alloying elements, magnesium alloy materials are mainly divided into two major categories: cast magnesium alloy and wrought magnesium alloy. The wrought magnesium alloy is formed by adding elements which are advantageous for improving its deformation characteristics, extrusion, rolling, forging (solid method of forming, and producing various sizes of plates, rods, tubes, profiles and forging products by deformation. The processing eliminates the defects of the cast structure and refines the grains, so the wrought magnesium alloy has higher strength, better ductility and better mechanical properties than the cast magnesium alloy, and the production cost is lower. The toughness and strength of the magnesium alloy prepared in the prior art cannot meet the industrial requirements. To solve this problem, the strength and toughness of the material are generally improved by adding a nano-scale reinforcement to the magnesium alloy (G〇h CS ·, Wei J., Lee LC, Gupta Μ., Nanotechnology, vol 17, 8 200916589 p7 (2006). However, 'previously, magnesium-based composites are prepared by casting methods such as powder metallurgy, melt infiltration, Stirring casting, etc. The magnesium-based composite materials formed by the above methods are generally in the form of ingots, which are required to be formed by extrusion, rolling, forging, etc. in subsequent processing. The profile is required, and the process steps are cumbersome. Moreover, it is difficult to disperse the nano-scale reinforcement in the molten state of the magnesium alloy, which is easy to cause agglomeration of the nano-scale reinforcement, resulting in uneven dispersion; the use of the powder metallurgy method can make this problem Relatively changing the cover, the powder metallurgy method has the danger of burning and exploding metal powder in the production process. In addition, the preparation processes of these methods are relatively complicated, the equipment cost is high, and it is not easy to be industrialized on a large scale. In view of this, a nanometer is provided. It is necessary to prepare a magnesium-based composite material in which a graded reinforcement is uniformly distributed in a magnesium-based metal and a simple and suitable magnesium-based composite material suitable for industrial production. [Explanation] A nanometer level will be described below by way of examples. Reinforcement Homogeneous Hook Distribution (IV) Base Composite Material and Preparation Method of Magnesium Matrix Composite Material Suitable for Production. - Magnesium Based Composite Material, including Magnesium Based Metal, = Feed Step - Including At least - Nano Adding (4) the thin position to the metal minus the metal. The preparation method of the I-type magnesium-based composite material comprises the following steps: providing a base And at least a nano-scale reinforcement thinner; (4) a nano-sized reinforcement film disposed between the two-staggered base and the plate to form a preform; and hot-rolling the 9 200916589 preform to form a magnesium-based composite material. Compared with the prior art, the magnesium-based composite material is formed by sandwiching a nano-scale reinforcement film between two magnesium substrates to form a preform, and then forming the composite by hot rolling to form a composite material. The reinforcement is evenly distributed in the film, so that it is evenly distributed in the formed magnesium-based composite material, which solves the problem that the nano-scale reinforcement is not easily dispersed during the preparation of the magnesium-based composite material, and the process is simple and easy to operate. The production process is continuous and batch=production, which is suitable for industrial production. Moreover, the produced magnesium-based composite material has a layered structure, and the magnesium-based metal layer and the magnesium-based composite layer are alternately drained. J & The strength and diligence, the number of layers of the magnesium-based composite layer, the more obvious the effect of strengthening and toughening in the magnesium-based composite material. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, a magnesium-based composite material provided by the present technical solution and a preparation method thereof will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Referring to FIG. 1, a method for preparing a magnesium-based composite material according to a first embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps: (1) providing a first magnesium substrate and a second magnesium substrate. The first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate provided in the embodiment may be pure magnesium sheets or magnesium alloy sheets. When the magnesium substrate is provided as a magnesium alloy plate, the composition element of the magnesium alloy plate contains, in addition to magnesium, one or more kinds of alloying elements such as zinc, manganese, aluminum, zirconium, hafnium, bell, silver, and the like, wherein The mass percentage of the town element is 80% or more. Also, the first town substrate and the second town substrate may have the same elemental composition, and the crucible may have a different elemental composition. 200916589 The thickness of the magnesium substrate is from 0.1 mm (mm) to 1 mm, preferably 0.3 mm. And the first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate may be magnesium fund plate strips having the same width. (2) Forming a transition layer on a surface of the first magnesium substrate and the second magnesium substrate, respectively. The transition layer can be formed by a surface treatment such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, or deposition. In this embodiment, a transition layer is formed on a surface of a magnesium substrate by vacuum evaporation. The transition layer on the surface of the first magnesium substrate is formed in a vacuum evaporation machine. Referring to FIG. 2 , the vacuum evaporation machine includes at least a vacuum chamber 110 , a tungsten boat 120 , a target 130 , a support frame 140 , and the tungsten boat 120 , the target 130 , and the support frame 140 are disposed inside the vacuum chamber 110 . . During the vacuum evaporation process, the first magnesium substrate 210 is placed on the support frame 140, and the tungsten boat 120 generates high heat under the action of high current, and the target 130 is heated to a liquid state and evaporated to the first magnesium on the support frame 140. On the surface of the substrate 210, the formation process of the second transition layer 240 forming the first transition layer 220° on the surface of the second magnesium substrate 230 is the same as the formation process of the first transition layer 220 on the surface of the first magnesium substrate 210. The target 130 is a nickel metal or a nickel alloy. The composition of the first transition layer 220 and the second transition layer 240 is a nickel metal layer or a nickel-containing alloy layer. When the components of the target 130 and the first transition layer 220 and the second transition layer 240 are nickel-containing alloy layers, the constituent elements of the alloy-containing layer contain magnesium, indium, zinc, and the like in addition to the recording. The formation of a transition layer on the surface of the magnesium substrate facilitates the bonding of the nano-sized reinforcing film to the surface of the magnesium substrate during the subsequent hot rolling, thereby improving the strength and sharpness of the magnesium-based composite material. (2) Providing at least one nanometer-reinforced film. The nano-sized reinforcing film provided in the present embodiment may be a carbon nanotube (CNTs) film or a carbon fiber film. The mass of the nano-reinforced film is such that i is from 5% to 2%, preferably 5%, based on the total mass of the ruthenium-based composite. The nano-sized reinforcement film used in the present embodiment is a carbon nanotube film. The ruthenium film is formed by a method of drawing a film from a carbon nanotube array. The method of pulling a film further comprises the steps of: First, providing a carbon nanotube array, preferably the array is a super-sequential carbon nanotube array. /, a person uses a stretching tool to pull at least one carbon nanotube film from the carbon nanotube array. The ΪΪ body comprises the following steps: (a) selecting a plurality of carbon nanotube segments of one degree from the carbon nanotube array, the embodiment preferably adopting a tape contact carbon nanotube array having a width of one 以 to select a plurality of non-nano slabs of a certain width, (b) stretching the plurality of carbon nanotube segments at a constant speed along a direction substantially perpendicular to the growth of the carbon nanotube array to form a carbon nanotube film. The bk is privately-advanced—the step of superimposing the multilayered nanotube breaking film to form a multi-layer=nano-disc film structure. Among them, the carbon nanotubes in each layer of carbon nanotube film are arranged in an orderly orientation, and the orientation of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film can be the same direction γ can be in different directions. It is also understood that the preparation method of the carbon nanotube film is not limited to the above 12 200916589
.......返奈米碳管薄膜的 都應包含於本發明所要求 製備方法做其它非實質性變化，都應 拉膜方式，· 碳管薄膜或 到一自支撑 級增强體爲 列。因此， 的保護範圍内。 一鎂基板過渡層 (四）將奈米級增强體薄膜設置於第 請參閱圖3，將奈米級增强體薄膜25〇設置於第一鎮 基板210的過渡層22〇表面，可以通過將—奈米碳管薄膜 或碳纖維薄膜覆蓋於第一鎂基板過渡層上形成。 可以理解，可直接將奈米石炭管薄膜或碳纖維薄膜點附 於弟一鎮基板210表面。 (五） 將第二鎂基板覆蓋於上述奈米級增强體薄膜 上’以形成一預製體。 請參閱圖4，將固定於第一鎂基板21〇的第一過渡層 220表面的奈米級增强體薄膜25〇上覆蓋第二鎂基板23〇, 使第二錤基板230的第二過渡層240朝向奈米級增强體薄 膜250 ’以形成一預製體2〇〇。該預製體2〇〇由第一鎂基板 210、第一過渡層220、第二鎂基板230、第二過渡層240 及奈米級增强體薄膜250組成’該奈米級增强體薄膜250 位於第一過渡層220與第二過渡層240之間。 (六） 熱軋該預製體’形成鎂基複合材料。 13 200916589 請參閱圖5,預製體200的熱軋過程爲於一熱軋機3〇〇 中進行，該熱軋機至少包括軋報31〇，上述札輕31〇可以 • ^皮加熱至一定溫度。並且，該熱軋機還進一步包括一預熱 相320，預製體200熱軋前於預熱箱32〇中加熱。上述預 熱箱320及軋輥310的加熱溫度爲3〇〇〇c至4⑽。c。 預製體的熱軋具體包括以下步驟： 首先’將預製體及熱軋機的軋輥預熱。 。本實施例中，將預製體200送入預熱箱32〇中，於3〇〇 C至400 C下預熱1〇分鐘，並於將預製體2〇〇預熱的同 時，使熱軋機300的軋輥310加熱到相同溫度。將預製體 ^〇〇於熱軋前通過預熱箱320預熱，使第一鎂基板21〇與 第二鎂基板230相互之間具有更好的結合能力，有助於於 熱軋過程中使第一鎂基板21〇與第二鎂基板23〇有效複合。 其次，將預熱後的預製體送入熱軋機軋輥之間，熱軋 該預製體，形成鎂基複合材料。 熱軋機300的軋輥310對預製體2〇〇産生一壓力，並 且由於軋奏t 310與預製體2〇〇具有相同的溫度，使預製 體2〇〇第—鎂基板210與第二鎂基板230更易結合。 通過此熱軋過程，鎂基金屬滲入奈米級增强體間隙 中〃不米級增强體複合，形成一鎂基複合層，通過此鎂 基複5層將该鎂基複合層兩側的鎂合金板結合爲一個整 體，亚且，奈米級增强體於鎂基複合層中可以爲無序排列、 沿不同方向有序排列或擇優取向排列。 (七）對熱軋後的産物進行退火處理，得到鎂基複合 14 200916589 材料。 該退火處理係於高真空加熱爐中進行的。退火溫度爲 180 C至320 C ’退火時間爲2至3小時。將熱軋後的産才勿 於高真空加熱爐中進行退後處理後，即得到鎮基複合材 料。通過將熱軋後的産物進行退火處理，可以清除熱札時 於鎂基板内産生的内應力。 本實施例所得到的鎂基複合材料400如圖6所示。鎂 基體滲入奈米級增强體間隙中，與奈米級增强體複合，形 成一鎮基複合層430，於鎂基複合材料4〇〇中通過該鎂基 複合層430將第一鎮基板210與第二鎂基板230結合爲_ 整體。可以發現，此鎂基複合材料4〇〇包含三層結構，第 一鎮基金屬層410、第二鎮基金屬層420及鎂基複合層 430。鎂基複合層430位於第一鎂基金屬層41〇與第二鎂基 金屬層420之間。第一鎂基金屬層41〇與第二鎂基金屬層 420厚度爲〇.2至〇.4mm，鎂基複合層430厚度爲1奈米 (nm)至 lOOnm。 上述實施例中提供了一種鎂基複合材料的製備方法。 該方法中，由於奈米基增强體組成一自支撑薄膜結構，並 且奈米級增强體於該自支撑薄膜結構中均勻分布，因此得 到的鎂基複合材料不存在奈米級增强體團聚問題，奈米級 增强體於鎂基金屬中的分布更爲均勻。另外，將奈米級增 强體分布於鎂基複合層中比將奈米級增强體分布於整個鎂 基複合材料中更易於實施。 如圖7所示，本技術方案第二實施例提供了一種具有 15 200916589 五層結。構的鎂基複合材料500，其包含第一鎂基金屬層 510、第二鎂基金屬層52〇、第三鎂基金屬層53〇 ,及第一 、鎂基複合層540、第二鎂基複合層55〇，鎂基金屬層與鎂基 複合層交替排列，每一鎂基複合層位於兩鎂基金屬層2 間。鎂基金屬層厚度爲0.2至〇_4mm，鎂基複合層厚度爲 lnm 至 l〇〇nm。 弟一貝知例中的鎂基複合材料500的製備方法與第一 實施例基本相同，與第一實施例不同的係，所述預製體的 形成進一步包括以下步驟：於第二鎂基板遠離第一鎂基板 的表面形成第三過渡層；於第三過渡層表面覆蓋另一奈米 級增强體薄膜；提供第三鎂基板，並於第三鎂基板一表面 形成第四過渡層；於第三過渡層表面上的奈米級增强體薄 膜上覆蓋第三鎂基板，並使第三鎂基板的第四過渡層朝向 該奈米級增强體薄膜，形成一預製體。 此預製體的开 >成也可以進一步包括以下步驟：提供第 ，實施例形成之鎂基複合材料300、第二奈米級增强體薄 膜及第二鎂基板；於鎂基複合材料一表面形成第三過 渡層；於第三鎂基板一表面形成第四過渡層；於第三過渡 層表面覆蓋第一奈米級增强體薄膜；於該奈米級增强體薄 膜上覆蓋第三鎂基板，並使第三鎂基板表面的第四過渡層 朝向該奈米級增强體薄膜，形成一預製體。 可以理解，上述鎂基複合材料的製備方法可以推廣到 多層鎮基板與多層奈米級增强體薄膜複合，從而形成多層 結構的預製體。將此多層結構的預製體熱軋後所得到的鎂 16 200916589 基=合材射包含多層鎂基複合層及多層㈣金屬層交替 排布，並且，每層鎂基複合層均位於兩鎂基金屬層之間。 所述的鎂基複合材料的製備方法利用多層鎮基板盘夺 求級增强體進行層I，可以生産出不同厚度，包含多声、鎂 基複合層的板帶材，鎂基複合層的層數越多，料基複人 材料中增强增Μ效果越明顯。另外，利用熱㈣方法直 接將鎂基板與奈米級增强體薄膜複合，工藝簡單、易操作、 適口工業化生產的應用。此種複合材料將形變鎂合金强产 ，、延展性及力學性能好的特點與奈米級增强體的增强ς 莉作用相結合’得料有較好綜合機械性能㈣基複合材 可+以理解，所述實施方式不局限於採用奈米碳管 (CNTs)溥膜或碳纖維薄膜，任何其它增强相，只要具有自 支撑的薄膜結構’均於本發明限定範圍内。所述實施方式 不局限於採用於絲板表面覆蓋奈米級增㈣薄膜的方式 使奈米級增强體薄膜均勻分布於鎂基板表面，㈣盆他方 式，如直接於鎂基板表面生長奈米碳管，只要能起到上述 將奈来級增强體設置於鎂基板表面，並且奈米級增强體均 勻分布之效果，均於本發明限定範圍内。 綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法 提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例， 自不能以此限制本案之中請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本案技藝 之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵 蓋於以下申請專利範圍内。 17 200916589 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本技術方案鎂基複合材料的製備方法的产 意圖。 'Ό ’、 的形成過 圖2係本技術方案第一實施例鎂基板過渡層 程示意圖。 圖3係本技術方案第一實施例奈米級增强體覆罢於鐵 基板過渡層表面的結構示意圖。 |、 圖4係本技術方案第一實施例鎂基複合材料預製體的 結構不意圖。 一’ 圖5係本技術方案第一實施例對鎂基複合材料 進行熱軋過程的示意圖。 τ 一 圖6係本技術方案第一實施例的鎂基複合材料 示意圖。 、、，σ稱 圖7係本技術方案第二實施例的鎂基複合材料的择 斤意圖。 ' 【主要元件符號說明】 真空蒸鑛機 100 真空腔體 110 鶴舟 120 乾材 130 支撑架 140 預製體 2 00 第—鎂基板 210 第一過渡層 220 18 200916589 第二鎂基板 230 第二過渡層 240 奈米級增强體薄膜 250 熱軋機 300 軋輥 310 預熱箱 320 鎂基複合材料 400,500 第一鎂基金屬層 410,510 第二鎂基金屬層 420,520 鎂基複合層 430 第三鎂基金屬層 530 第一鎂基複合層 540 第二鎂基複合層 550 19. . . The carbon nanotube film should be included in the preparation method required by the present invention to make other non-substantial changes, all should be pulled, · carbon tube film or a self-supporting level reinforcement Column. Therefore, the scope of protection. A magnesium substrate transition layer (4) is provided with a nano-scale reinforcement film. Referring to FIG. 3, a nano-scale reinforcement film 25 is disposed on the surface of the transition layer 22 of the first town substrate 210, and A carbon nanotube film or a carbon fiber film is formed on the first magnesium substrate transition layer. It can be understood that the carbon nanotube film or the carbon fiber film can be directly attached to the surface of the substrate 210 of the town. (5) covering the second magnesium substrate with the second magnesium substrate to form a preform. Referring to FIG. 4, the nano-scale enhancement film 25 is fixed on the surface of the first transition layer 220 of the first magnesium substrate 21〇 to cover the second magnesium substrate 23〇, and the second transition layer of the second germanium substrate 230 is formed. 240 is oriented toward the nanoscale reinforcement film 250' to form a preform 2". The preform 2 is composed of a first magnesium substrate 210, a first transition layer 220, a second magnesium substrate 230, a second transition layer 240, and a nano-scale enhancement film 250. The nano-scale enhancement film 250 is located at the first A transition layer 220 is between the second transition layer 240. (vi) Hot rolling the preform' to form a magnesium matrix composite. 13 200916589 Referring to FIG. 5, the hot rolling process of the preform 200 is carried out in a hot rolling mill, the hot rolling mill includes at least 31 轧, and the above-mentioned Zha light 31 〇 can be heated to a certain temperature. . Further, the hot rolling mill further includes a preheating phase 320 in which the preform 200 is heated in the preheating tank 32 crucible before hot rolling. The heating temperature of the preheating tank 320 and the rolls 310 is 3 〇〇〇 c to 4 (10). c. The hot rolling of the preform specifically comprises the following steps: First, the pre-form and the rolls of the hot rolling mill are preheated. . In this embodiment, the preform 200 is fed into a preheating box 32, preheated for 3 minutes at 3 ° C to 400 C, and the hot rolling mill is simultaneously preheated while preheating the preform 2 The roll 310 of 300 is heated to the same temperature. The pre-formed body is preheated by the preheating box 320 before hot rolling, so that the first magnesium substrate 21〇 and the second magnesium substrate 230 have better bonding ability with each other, which is helpful for the hot rolling process. The first magnesium substrate 21 is effectively composited with the second magnesium substrate 23A. Next, the preheated preform is fed between hot rolling mill rolls, and the preform is hot rolled to form a magnesium matrix composite. The roll 310 of the hot rolling mill 300 generates a pressure on the preform 2, and since the rolling t 310 has the same temperature as the preform 2, the preform 2 is made of the first magnesium substrate 210 and the second magnesium substrate. 230 is easier to combine. Through this hot rolling process, the magnesium-based metal infiltrates into the nano-scale reinforcement gap to form a magnesium-based composite layer, and the magnesium alloy on both sides of the magnesium-based composite layer is formed by the magnesium-based composite layer The plates are combined into one whole, and the nano-sized reinforcements may be arranged in disorder in the magnesium-based composite layer, in an ordered arrangement in different directions, or in a preferred orientation. (7) Annealing the hot rolled product to obtain a magnesium-based composite 14 200916589 material. This annealing treatment is carried out in a high vacuum heating furnace. The annealing temperature is 180 C to 320 C' annealing time is 2 to 3 hours. After the hot-rolled production is not subjected to the post-treating treatment in the high-vacuum heating furnace, the town-base composite material is obtained. By annealing the hot rolled product, the internal stress generated in the magnesium substrate during heat removal can be removed. The magnesium-based composite material 400 obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. The magnesium matrix is infiltrated into the nano-scale reinforcement gap and is combined with the nano-scale reinforcement to form a town-base composite layer 430. The first town substrate 210 is passed through the magnesium-based composite layer 430 in the magnesium-based composite material 4 The second magnesium substrate 230 is combined as a whole. It has been found that the magnesium-based composite material 4 has a three-layer structure, a first town-based metal layer 410, a second town-base metal layer 420, and a magnesium-based composite layer 430. The magnesium-based composite layer 430 is located between the first magnesium-based metal layer 41〇 and the second magnesium-based metal layer 420. The first magnesium-based metal layer 41 and the second magnesium-based metal layer 420 have a thickness of 〇.2 to 4.4 mm, and the magnesium-based composite layer 430 has a thickness of from 1 nm to 100 nm. A method of preparing a magnesium-based composite material is provided in the above embodiment. In this method, since the nano-based reinforcement constitutes a self-supporting film structure, and the nano-scale reinforcement is uniformly distributed in the self-supporting film structure, the obtained magnesium-based composite material does not have a problem of agglomeration of the nano-scale reinforcement. Nano-scale reinforcements are more evenly distributed in magnesium-based metals. In addition, it is easier to implement the distribution of the nano-scale reinforcement in the magnesium-based composite layer than to distribute the nano-scale reinforcement throughout the magnesium-based composite material. As shown in FIG. 7, the second embodiment of the present technical solution provides a five-layer junction with 15 200916589. A magnesium-based composite material 500 comprising a first magnesium-based metal layer 510, a second magnesium-based metal layer 52, a third magnesium-based metal layer 53, and a first, magnesium-based composite layer 540, and a second magnesium The composite layer is 55 〇, and the magnesium-based metal layer and the magnesium-based composite layer are alternately arranged, and each of the magnesium-based composite layers is located between the two magnesium-based metal layers 2. The magnesium-based metal layer has a thickness of 0.2 to 〇 4 mm, and the magnesium-based composite layer has a thickness of 1 nm to 1 〇〇 nm. The method for preparing the magnesium-based composite material 500 in the prior art is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Unlike the first embodiment, the formation of the preform further includes the following steps: away from the second magnesium substrate Forming a third transition layer on a surface of the magnesium substrate; covering the surface of the third transition layer with another nano-scale reinforcement film; providing a third magnesium substrate, and forming a fourth transition layer on a surface of the third magnesium substrate; The nano-scale reinforcement film on the surface of the transition layer covers the third magnesium substrate, and the fourth transition layer of the third magnesium substrate faces the nano-scale reinforcement film to form a preform. The opening of the preform may further comprise the steps of: providing the magnesium-based composite material 300, the second nano-scale reinforcement film and the second magnesium substrate formed in the first embodiment; forming a surface of the magnesium-based composite material a third transition layer; forming a fourth transition layer on a surface of the third magnesium substrate; covering the surface of the third transition layer with the first nano-scale reinforcement film; covering the third magnesium substrate with the third magnesium substrate, and The fourth transition layer on the surface of the third magnesium substrate is oriented toward the nano-scale reinforcement film to form a preform. It can be understood that the preparation method of the above-mentioned magnesium-based composite material can be extended to the composite of a multilayer town substrate and a multilayer nano-scale reinforcement film to form a multilayer structure preform. The magnesium 16 obtained by hot rolling the preform of the multilayer structure is composed of a multi-layered magnesium-based composite layer and a plurality of (four) metal layers alternately arranged, and each of the magnesium-based composite layers is located in the two magnesium-based metal. Between the layers. The preparation method of the magnesium-based composite material utilizes a multi-layered substrate substrate to obtain a layer I reinforcement layer, and can produce different thicknesses, a strip material comprising a multi-sound, magnesium-based composite layer, and a number of layers of the magnesium-based composite layer. The more the material is enhanced, the more obvious the effect of enhancing the growth of the material. In addition, the thermal (four) method is used to directly combine the magnesium substrate with the nano-scale reinforcement film, which is simple in process, easy to operate, and suitable for industrial production. This kind of composite material combines the strong production of deformation magnesium alloy, the good ductility and the good mechanical properties with the enhanced reinforced effect of nano-scale reinforcement. 'The material has good comprehensive mechanical properties. (IV) The composite material can be + understood The embodiment is not limited to the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) tantalum films or carbon fiber films, and any other reinforcing phase, as long as it has a self-supporting film structure, is within the scope of the invention. The embodiment is not limited to the method of uniformly covering the surface of the magnesium substrate by uniformly covering the surface of the silk plate with the nano-scale (four) film, and (4) the potting method, such as growing the nano carbon directly on the surface of the magnesium substrate. The tube is within the scope of the present invention as long as it can provide the above-described effect of providing the Neil grade reinforcement on the surface of the magnesium substrate and uniformly distributing the nano-scale reinforcement. In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent in this case. Equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the following claims. 17 200916589 [Simple description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the preparation method of the magnesium-based composite material of the present technical solution. The formation of 'Ό', Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transitional layer of the magnesium substrate of the first embodiment of the present technical solution. Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view showing the surface of the transition layer of the iron substrate in the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the magnesium-based composite material preform of the first embodiment of the present technical solution. Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the hot rolling process of the magnesium-based composite material in the first embodiment of the present technical solution. τ a Figure 6 is a schematic view of a magnesium-based composite material according to a first embodiment of the present technical solution. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the magnesium-based composite material of the second embodiment of the present technical solution. ' [Main component symbol description] Vacuum distillation machine 100 Vacuum chamber 110 Crane boat 120 Dry material 130 Support frame 140 Prefabrication body 2 00 First-magnesium substrate 210 First transition layer 220 18 200916589 Second magnesium substrate 230 Second transition layer 240 nanometer intensifier film 250 hot rolling mill 300 roll 310 preheating box 320 magnesium matrix composite material 400,500 first magnesium based metal layer 410, 510 second magnesium based metal layer 420, 520 magnesium based composite layer 430 third magnesium based metal layer 530 One magnesium-based composite layer 540 second magnesium-based composite layer 550 19