TWI385052B - Methods and tool for maintenance of hard surfaces, and a method for manufacturing such a tool - Google Patents
Methods and tool for maintenance of hard surfaces, and a method for manufacturing such a tool Download PDFInfo
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- TWI385052B TWI385052B TW095108724A TW95108724A TWI385052B TW I385052 B TWI385052 B TW I385052B TW 095108724 A TW095108724 A TW 095108724A TW 95108724 A TW95108724 A TW 95108724A TW I385052 B TWI385052 B TW I385052B
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- stone
- liner
- cleaning
- floor surface
- treatment
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B7/18—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like
- B24B7/186—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding floorings, walls, ceilings or the like with disc-type tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
- B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
- B24D13/147—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face comprising assemblies of felted or spongy material; comprising pads surrounded by a flexible material
Abstract
Description
本發明揭露內容係關於主要是混凝土(水泥地)、磨石子地、及花崗石地板表面、亦關於大理石或石灰石表面之硬質表面的維修方法與工具。本發明揭露內容尤其是關於維修之方法與工具，其適用於以規律基準進行維修拋光之硬質地板表面。The present disclosure relates to methods and tools for repairing hard surfaces that are primarily concrete (cement), terrazzo, and granite floor surfaces, as well as marble or limestone surfaces. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates, inter alia, to methods and tools for servicing that are suitable for use in a hard surface that is repaired and polished on a regular basis.
此外，本發明揭露內容關於硬質、平滑表面之維修方法，其主要是木料、漆布、漆料、及乙烯地板之表面。本發明揭露內容尤其是關於維修之方法，其適用於依規律基準進行維修一光亮、硬質、平滑表面，如一地板表面。Furthermore, the present invention is directed to a method of repairing a hard, smooth surface that is primarily the surface of wood, varnish, lacquer, and vinyl flooring. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is particularly directed to a method of repair that is adapted to maintain a shiny, rigid, smooth surface, such as a floor surface, on a regular basis.
關於使用立體非織造網狀形式之襯墊來清潔或磨光地板表面係為已知。通常使襯墊具有圓狀、碟形本體，將其可分離式地安裝於圓形載板上，當使其與地板表面接觸時，係與地板表面以平行方式在平面中進行旋轉之用，其將由地板表面與載板之間所形成的壓力加以輕微壓縮。通常載板係由馬達加以驅動且安裝於載板框架上，可利用走動式操作者以推或拉的方式進行，或以可騎式運載工具進行。It is known to use a liner of a three-dimensional nonwoven web form to clean or polish the floor surface. The liner is generally provided with a round, dish-shaped body that is detachably mounted to the circular carrier and, when in contact with the floor surface, rotates in a plane parallel to the floor surface, It will be slightly compressed by the pressure created between the floor surface and the carrier. Typically, the carrier is driven by a motor and mounted on the carrier frame, either by a walk-behind operator in a push or pull manner, or by a rideable vehicle.
此襯墊係由有機材料之纖維加以形成，如聚胺及或多元酯，尤其是聚乙烯對苯二酸酯。在某些例子中，這些纖維亦包含天然纖維，如胡桃樹纖維或椰子樹纖維。The liner is formed from fibers of an organic material such as a polyamine and or a polyester, especially a polyethylene terephthalate. In some instances, the fibers also comprise natural fibers such as walnut or cocoa fibers.
襯墊之纖維係利用所謂的熔化鍵結以其交互接觸點加以相互連結，藉此使纖維受熱而將纖維之外部加以輕微熔化並因此彼此鍵結。The fibers of the liner are joined to each other by so-called melt bonds at their mutual contact points, whereby the fibers are heated to slightly melt the exterior of the fibers and thereby bond to each other.
或者，另外這些纖維可利用充填聚合物樹脂的襯墊、以其交互接觸點加以相互連結，以下稱聚合物樹脂為「主要黏結劑」。Alternatively, the fibers may be bonded to each other by a gasket filled with a polymer resin, and the polymer resin is hereinafter referred to as a "main binder".
由以下參考文獻可熟知此類型非織造襯墊之生產：US-A-3537121、US-A-4893439、EP-A-0397374、 GB-A-1348526、及EP-B-0562919，且因此不需要在此加以詳細贅述。The production of this type of nonwoven mat is well known from the following references: US-A-3,537,121, US-A-4,893,439, EP-A-0397374, GB-A-1348526, and EP-B-0562919, and therefore need not be described in detail herein.
US-A-3537121揭露拋光鋁、塑膠、蠟及類似表面用之襯墊。US-A-3537121亦揭露此等襯墊之生產。在US-A-3537121中，與研磨顆粒相混合之黏結劑係利用將襯墊在一對擠壓輥之間傳遞而施於襯墊上，其中一者特別部分浸濕於一容器中，使黏結劑樹脂與研磨顆粒進行混合，之後，允讓襯墊加以硬化或變乾。因此，在US-A-3537121中，提供一襯墊，其全部由黏結劑與研磨顆粒加以充填。US-A-3,537,121 discloses polishing pads for aluminum, plastic, wax and similar surfaces. The production of such pads is also disclosed in US-A-3,537,121. In US-A-3,537,121, a binder mixed with abrasive particles is applied to the liner by transferring the liner between a pair of squeeze rolls, one of which is particularly partially wetted in a container such that The binder resin is mixed with the abrasive particles, after which the liner is allowed to harden or dry. Thus, in US-A-3,537,121, a liner is provided which is all filled with a binder and abrasive particles.
US-A-4893439揭露拋光地板表面或鋁所用之襯墊。該襯墊以有機材料纖維組成且建構成一膨鬆、多孔的非織造結構，且包含將研磨顆粒結合至纖維的黏結劑。相較於US-A-3537121中所示，在US-A-4893439所示之襯墊具有較大空隙。且因而具有增進吸收髒污功能，因此可使用較長週期。另外在US-A-4893439中所揭露之襯墊係全部由黏結劑與研磨顆粒加以充填。US-A-4,893,439 discloses a liner for polishing a floor surface or aluminum. The liner is composed of organic material fibers and constructed to form a bulky, porous nonwoven structure and includes a binder that bonds the abrasive particles to the fibers. The liner shown in US-A-4,893,439 has a larger void than that shown in US-A-3,537,121. And thus has the function of enhancing the absorption of dirt, so a longer period can be used. In addition, the liners disclosed in US-A-4,893,439 are all filled with a binder and abrasive particles.
EP-A-0397374揭露地板拋光機械用之襯墊，其亦全部由黏結劑與研磨顆粒加以充填。EP-A-0397374 discloses liners for floor polishing machines which are also completely filled with binder and abrasive particles.
上述類型之襯墊係經常使用於所謂的「磨光」，亦即以高速(1500-3000rpm)與較低壓力進行極輕微磨損表面之乾式拋光(經常以每日基準進行)，此目的係為了恢復拋光表面。此處理類型係經常用於乙烯與大理石地板兩者。適用於此目的之襯墊可取自3M®商品名稱為「3MTM 地板襯墊」，並對已受到較長時間週期磨損之極硬質地板表面幾乎不具有影響，例如磨石子地或混凝土地。Pads of the above type are often used in so-called "buffing", ie dry polishing of very slightly worn surfaces at high speeds (1500-3000 rpm) and lower pressure (often on a daily basis) for the purpose of Restore the polished surface. This type of treatment is often used for both ethylene and marble floors. Pad for this purpose can be taken from 3M® under the trade name "3M TM floor pad", and has been extremely hard texture of the board surface wear longer period of time has little influence, such as terrazzo or concrete ground.
EP-B-0562919揭露聚合物纖維之非織造襯墊，其全部由包含可硬化塑膠樹脂與具有顆粒大小0.1至30μm的研磨顆粒兩者所混合之黏結劑加以充填。以下述作為可硬化樹脂之例加以提出：苯酚樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂及尿素樹脂。在其它數例似為合理之研磨顆粒之中，鑽石為就其中之一而被提及。然而，根據EP-B-0562919，其中所揭露之襯墊係適用於大理石地板表面之 處理，且僅與結晶化學品相結合，其意為該處理必須在包含鹽形酸之液體存在下進行。EP-B-0562919 discloses a nonwoven fabric of polymer fibers which are all filled with a binder comprising a hardenable plastic resin mixed with abrasive particles having a particle size of from 0.1 to 30 μm. The following are proposed as examples of the hardenable resin: a phenol resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, and a urea resin. Among other examples of abrasive particles that are reasonable, diamonds are mentioned for one of them. However, according to EP-B-0562919, the gaskets disclosed therein are suitable for use on marble floor surfaces. Treatment, and only in combination with the crystallization chemistry, means that the treatment must be carried out in the presence of a liquid comprising a salt acid.
在EP-B-0562919中之襯墊亦利用經由兩擠壓輥之間的夾合處傳遞非織造襯墊而加以提供，其中一者部份浸濕於黏結劑/研磨顆粒混合物中，使黏結劑與研磨顆粒透過圓筒物表面在襯墊中加以展佈。The liner in EP-B-0562919 is also provided by the transfer of a nonwoven liner through a joint between two squeeze rolls, one of which is partially wetted in the binder/abrasive particle mixture to bond The agent and abrasive particles are spread through the surface of the cylinder in the liner.
由於EP-B-0562919中所揭露之襯墊係在結晶化學品之存在下加以使用，在EP-B-0562919中所述之方法實際上建構為一上釉方法，其目的係用於改善大理石地板之抗染與耐久性。但此方法並不適用每日維修之目的，因為其涉及包含酸之特殊結晶化學品之使用，將與存在於地板表面之鈣鹽進行反應而形成無法溶解之鈣鹽。通常此等方法係關於拋光大理石之初次準備作業而加以使用一次，且之後以6-12月之間隔再次進行。在EP-B-0562919所述之方法對於以每日基準進行使用則因此顯得過於複雜。Since the liner disclosed in EP-B-0562919 is used in the presence of a crystallization chemical, the method described in EP-B-0562919 is actually constructed as a glazing method for the purpose of improving marble. The dyeing and durability of the floor. However, this method is not suitable for daily maintenance purposes because it involves the use of a special crystalline chemical containing acid which will react with the calcium salt present on the floor surface to form an insoluble calcium salt. Usually these methods are used once for the initial preparation of the polished marble and then again at intervals of 6-12 months. The method described in EP-B-0562919 is therefore too complicated for use on a daily basis.
在EP-B-0562919中所參考之襯墊類型係由3M®所售，商品名稱為「3MTM 5200棕色石材更新墊」及「3MTM 4000灰色石材拋光墊」，且在結晶化學品存在下、以較低速度(250rpm以下)用來處理大理石。The type of pad referred to in EP-B-0562919 is sold by 3M® under the trade name "3M TM 5200 Brown Stone Renewal Pad" and "3M TM 4000 Gray Stone Polishing Pad" and in the presence of crystallization chemicals Use at a lower speed (less than 250 rpm) to treat marble.
由於將化學品施加於表面上，結晶化學品與其它表面改善劑之必要性將使拋光作業更形複雜，隨後可能需要進行多餘化學品之移除，其亦將使拋光作業因此更為耗時。一般而言，化學品之管理與施用亦對環境構成潛在危害，尤其是對作業環境之危害。Due to the application of chemicals to the surface, the necessity of crystallization chemicals and other surface modifiers will make the polishing operation more complicated, and subsequent removal of excess chemicals may be required, which will also make the polishing operation more time consuming. . In general, the management and application of chemicals poses a potential hazard to the environment, especially to the operating environment.
已知亦可利用包含由與研磨顆粒(亦即鑽石顆粒)混合之塑膠樹脂所製成之研磨或拋光元件的工具而提供一拋光石材或混凝土之表面。由於此等元件係以固定式安裝於普通旋轉盤上，因此並未具有補償地板中不均勻的能力，此將導致地板表面之不均勻處理，或在此等元件以過多壓力接觸表面之情形下，將導致地板表面之刮傷或染色。又另一問題為碎片，如在元件中或靠近元件處會因沙粒、小石頭、或金屬而阻塞，且造成地板表面之刮傷。最後，此類型工具需要能夠對工具與地板表面之間的接觸表面施加較高壓力的特定機具。It is also known to provide a polished stone or concrete surface using a tool comprising grinding or polishing elements made of a plastic resin mixed with abrasive particles (i.e., diamond particles). Since these components are fixedly mounted on a common rotating disk, there is no ability to compensate for unevenness in the floor, which would result in uneven handling of the floor surface, or where such components contact the surface with excessive pressure. Will cause scratches or stains on the floor surface. Yet another problem is that debris, such as in or near the component, can become clogged with sand, pebbles, or metal and cause scratches on the floor surface. Finally, this type of tool requires a specific implement that is capable of applying a higher pressure to the contact surface between the tool and the floor surface.
WO03/075734揭露清潔目的用之碟型裝置，其包含一尼龍洗擦材料，其被佈置於剛性碟盤上，因此使包含工業鑽石之研磨元件設置於作用洗擦表面中的凹進處。在WO03/075734中所揭露之裝置具有缺點，其無法使碎片在研磨元件中或靠近研磨元件處免於阻塞之風險。又另一缺點為此工具既複雜且因此更易於破裂，及對製造而言更加困難且所費不貲。WO 03/075734 discloses a disc-type device for cleaning purposes comprising a nylon scrubbing material which is arranged on a rigid disc, thus placing an abrasive element comprising an industrial diamond in a recess in the active scrubbing surface. The device disclosed in WO 03/075734 has the disadvantage that it does not expose the debris to the risk of clogging in or near the grinding element. Yet another disadvantage is that the tool is both complex and therefore more prone to cracking, and is more difficult and costly to manufacture.
因此，為了硬質表面之每日維修，改善且簡單的方法與工具係為必要，該方法必須容易使用，如由未受地板表面準備專業訓練之人員進行作業，且該方法必須可使用於習知地板表面設備，如磨光機器、等。另外，該工具必須容易製造，而不致太貴且能耐久。Therefore, for daily maintenance of hard surfaces, improved and simple methods and tools are necessary, the method must be easy to use, such as work by personnel who are not professionally trained in the preparation of the floor surface, and the method must be available for routine use. Floor surface equipment, such as polishing machines, etc. In addition, the tool must be easy to manufacture without being too expensive and durable.
本發明之一目的為提供一改善技術，其全面性或局部性消除先前技術之方法與襯墊所具有的問題。尤其，目的是為了提供硬質表面之處理方法，使其更易於使用並提供較先前技術之方法更可匹敵或更好之結果。尤其，其目的是為了提供適於硬質、平滑石材或石材類之表面所用的方法。It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved technique that comprehensively or partially eliminates the problems of prior art methods and pads. In particular, the goal is to provide a hard surface treatment that is easier to use and provides results that are more comparable or better than prior art methods. In particular, the purpose is to provide a method for the surface of hard, smooth stone or stone.
另外之目的則為提供硬質、平滑且較好是光亮之表面(尤其是地板表面)的拋光、清潔或其他維修方法，其可免除或減少對於進行表面改善或清潔的化學品之須要。A further object is to provide a polishing, cleaning or other maintenance method for a hard, smooth and preferably bright surface, especially a floor surface, which eliminates or reduces the need for chemicals for surface improvement or cleaning.
本發明係基於下述之構想：以鑽石顆粒形式的研磨顆粒提供一拋光效應，其遠優於如EP－B－0562919中所示之例子中所用的那些研磨顆粒所可達成之效應，而且此拋光效應係如此優於如上之例因而免除結晶化學品與其它表面改善劑之必要。The present invention is based on the idea that abrasive particles in the form of diamond particles provide a polishing effect that is far superior to the effects achievable with those abrasive particles used in the examples shown in EP-B-0562919, and this The polishing effect is thus superior to the above examples and thus necessitates the need for crystallization chemicals and other surface modifiers.
本發明係由隨附之獨立申請專利範圍加以定義。實施例係於依附項中以及下述說明與圖示中加以提出。The invention is defined by the scope of the accompanying independent patent application. The examples are set forth in the dependent claims and in the following description and drawings.
根據第一實施態樣，提供硬質、平滑表面之維修方法，該表面包含由木料、聚合物材料、漆料及漆布所組成之族群所選擇的材料，該方法包含在具有黏結至該襯墊之研磨顆粒存在下，在襯墊與硬質表面之間的接觸表面上以撓性襯墊進行表面處理。研磨顆粒包含鑽石顆粒。該處理係利用包含多孔、膨鬆、立體非織造之纖維網狀襯墊加以進行。According to a first embodiment, there is provided a method of repairing a hard, smooth surface comprising a material selected from the group consisting of wood, polymeric materials, paints and varnishes, the method comprising grinding with a bond to the liner In the presence of the particles, the surface is treated with a flexible liner on the contact surface between the liner and the hard surface. The abrasive particles comprise diamond particles. This treatment is carried out using a fibrous web liner comprising a porous, bulky, three-dimensional nonwoven.
撓性襯墊與鑽石顆粒之組合提供表面之中不均勻之補償，且使施加於襯墊之壓力均勻地分佈。另外，藉由襯墊之撓性，此一組合顯著地降低鑽石刮傷表面之風險。The combination of the flexible pad and the diamond particles provides a non-uniform compensation in the surface and evenly distributes the pressure applied to the pad. In addition, this combination significantly reduces the risk of the diamond scratching the surface by the flexibility of the liner.
當利用鑽石顆粒作為研磨顆粒來拋光硬質、平滑表面時，在濕式與乾式兩狀況下，將提供相當於或較習知研磨顆粒之使用更好的效應。尤其，鑽石之使用能夠廢除表面改善劑之使用，因而免去管理之必要。When diamond particles are used as abrasive particles to polish a hard, smooth surface, in wet and dry conditions, a better or equivalent effect than the use of conventional abrasive particles will be provided. In particular, the use of diamonds can eliminate the use of surface improvers, thus eliminating the need for management.
該處理可在接觸表面上、實質上不存在液體情況下加以進行，亦即在實質上乾式狀況下；或在接觸表面上、有水的情況下加以進行，亦即在濕式狀況下。尤其，該處理可在接觸表面上、有水與清潔劑之存在下加以進行，因而使其與每日維修/清潔操作得以絕佳地配合在一起。This treatment can be carried out on the contact surface in the substantial absence of liquid, i.e. in a substantially dry condition; or on the contact surface with water, i.e. in a wet condition. In particular, the treatment can be carried out on the contact surface in the presence of water and detergent, thus making it an excellent fit with daily maintenance/cleaning operations.
在一實施例中，研磨顆粒係使用第二黏結劑而結合至襯墊。因此，當處理地板時，不需添加拋光劑。具體而言，可以只在接觸表面附近中將研磨顆粒結合至襯墊。此係為有利，由於未與硬質表面接觸之襯墊之部分中所存在的研磨顆粒不實現任何功能，因此可視其為廢料。In one embodiment, the abrasive particles are bonded to the liner using a second binder. Therefore, when the floor is treated, it is not necessary to add a polishing agent. In particular, the abrasive particles can be bonded to the liner only in the vicinity of the contact surface. This is advantageous because the abrasive particles present in the portion of the liner that is not in contact with the hard surface do not perform any function and can therefore be considered waste.
該處理可利用具有平均直徑為0.1至30 μ m的鑽石顆粒之襯墊加以進行，較佳狀況為0.1與15 μ m之間，最佳狀況為2與15 μ m之間。This treatment can be carried out using a liner having diamond particles having an average diameter of 0.1 to 30 μm, preferably between 0.1 and 15 μm, and optimally between 2 and 15 μm.
該處理可利用具有鑽石顆粒之襯墊加以進行，該鑽石顆粒包含天然鑽石顆粒、工業鑽石顆粒及塗層之鑽石顆粒其中至少一者。The treatment can be carried out using a liner having diamond particles comprising at least one of natural diamond particles, industrial diamond particles, and coated diamond particles.
該襯墊可具有小於40kg/m3 之密度，最佳密度為20至35kg/m3 。因此，該襯墊包含較多量之空隙，在處理期間，灰塵、碎片、及顆粒可能移入空隙中。因此，灰塵絕大部分包含於襯墊中，而較不會分佈於該處理正發生之區域中，從而免除額外灰塵收集設備之必要。另外，藉由允許碎片移入襯墊中，使表面之刮傷風險因此降低。The liner may have a density of less than 40 kg/m 3 and an optimum density of 20 to 35 kg/m 3 . Thus, the liner contains a relatively large amount of voids during which dust, debris, and particles may migrate into the voids. Therefore, most of the dust is contained in the gasket and is less distributed in the area where the treatment is occurring, thereby eliminating the need for an additional dust collecting device. In addition, by allowing the debris to move into the liner, the risk of scratching the surface is thus reduced.
該硬質、平滑表面可為一地板表面。The hard, smooth surface can be a floor surface.
當與硬質表面接觸時，可使襯墊相對於硬質表面移動。When in contact with a hard surface, the pad can be moved relative to the hard surface.
當與硬質表面接觸時，可使襯墊以50至3000rpm之旋轉速度旋轉，較佳旋轉速度為100至1500rpm。When in contact with the hard surface, the liner can be rotated at a rotational speed of 50 to 3000 rpm, preferably at a rotational speed of 100 to 1500 rpm.
在一實施例中，表面可包含一聚合物材料，如聚乙烯化合物，且該處理利用具有鑽石顆粒之平均直徑介於0.1及15 μ m之間的襯墊加以進行，最佳直徑為介於3與12 μ m之間。In one embodiment, the surface may comprise a polymeric material, such as a polyethylene compound, and the treatment is carried out using a liner having diamond particles having an average diameter between 0.1 and 15 μm, with an optimum diameter being between Between 3 and 12 μm.
在另一實施例中，表面包含漆布，且該處理利用具有鑽石顆粒之平均直徑介於0.1及15 μ m之間的襯墊加以進行，較佳直徑為介於3與12 μ m之間，及最佳直徑為介於3與6 μ m之間。In another embodiment, the surface comprises varnish and the treatment is carried out using a liner having diamond particles having an average diameter between 0.1 and 15 μm, preferably between 3 and 12 μm in diameter, And the optimum diameter is between 3 and 6 μ m.
在又另一實施例中，該處理利用具有鑽石顆粒之平均直徑介於0.1及15 μ m之間的襯墊加以進行，較佳直徑為介於3與12 μ m之間。最佳直徑為介於3與6 μ m之間。In yet another embodiment, the treatment is carried out using a liner having diamond particles having an average diameter between 0.1 and 15 μm, preferably between 3 and 12 μm. The optimum diameter is between 3 and 6 μm.
硬質、平滑表面可具有小於約3 moh之硬度，較佳硬度為小於約2 moh，及最佳硬度為小於約1 moh。The hard, smooth surface can have a hardness of less than about 3 moh, preferably less than about 2 moh, and an optimum hardness of less than about 1 moh.
該處理可在接觸表面上，以不具有效量之表面改善劑加以進行。This treatment can be carried out on the contact surface with a non-effective surface improving agent.
將該名稱「表面改善劑」視為包含當處理表面時所添加的物質，與表面交互作用以使表面更加光滑。就表面改善劑之例而言可為蠟、油、樹脂、漆、及類似產品。而添加作為清潔目的之肥皂、洗潔劑及類似產品並未被視為「表面改善劑」。The name "surface modifier" is considered to contain the substance added when the surface is treated, interacting with the surface to make the surface smoother. In the case of the surface improving agent, it may be a wax, an oil, a resin, a lacquer, and the like. The addition of soaps, detergents and similar products for cleaning purposes is not considered a "surface improver".
相較於利用完全不含表面改善劑之液體進行相同處理而言，該名稱「有效量」可視為足以達成可量測之光澤改善的量。The term "effective amount" can be considered to be an amount sufficient to achieve a measurable gloss improvement compared to the same treatment with a liquid that is completely free of surface modifying agents.
有效量之定義可相對於該處理以何種間隔進行而改變。因此，比起假如處理係以一或數天、或甚至一星期之間隔加以進行時，就特定目的之處理而言，亦即單一時機，便需要較多量以達成表面改善效果。有必要調整量的多寡以因應於所選用之表面改善劑的個別類型及正被處理之表面類型。The definition of the effective amount can be changed relative to the interval at which the process proceeds. Therefore, compared to the case where the processing is performed at intervals of one or several days, or even one week, for a specific purpose of processing, that is, a single timing, a larger amount is required to achieve a surface improvement effect. It is necessary to adjust the amount to match the individual types of surface modifiers selected and the type of surface being treated.
根據另一實施態樣，提供維修硬質、平滑表面用之方法，該表面包含由膠衣、玻璃、及汽車琺瑯組成之族群所選擇的材料，該方法包含以一撓性襯墊、在具有結合至該襯墊之研磨顆粒存在下，在該襯墊與硬質表面之間的接觸表面上進行表面處理。該研磨顆粒包含鑽石顆粒。在接觸表面上以不具有效量的表面改善劑進行該處理，且該處理係利用包含一多孔、膨鬆、立體非織造之纖維網狀襯墊加以進行。According to another embodiment, there is provided a method of repairing a hard, smooth surface comprising a material selected from the group consisting of gel coat, glass, and automotive imperfections, the method comprising a flexible liner Surface treatment is performed on the contact surface between the liner and the hard surface in the presence of abrasive particles of the liner. The abrasive particles comprise diamond particles. This treatment is carried out on the contact surface with an ineffective amount of surface improving agent, and the treatment is carried out using a fibrous web liner comprising a porous, bulky, three-dimensional nonwoven.
再者，提供處理、或維修硬質、平滑表面用之方法，該表面包含石材、或石材類之材料，該方法包含以一撓性襯墊、在具有結合至該襯墊之研磨顆粒存在下，在該襯墊與硬質表面之間的接觸表面上進行表面處理，其中該研磨顆粒包含鑽石顆粒，且在接觸表面上以不具有效量的結晶劑進行該處理。Further, there is provided a method of treating or repairing a hard, smooth surface comprising a stone, or stone material, the method comprising: in the presence of abrasive particles bonded to the liner, in a flexible liner, A surface treatment is performed on the contact surface between the liner and the hard surface, wherein the abrasive particles comprise diamond particles, and the treatment is performed on the contact surface with a non-effective amount of a crystallizing agent.
將該名稱「鑽石」視為包含天然鑽石以及合成鑽石，且鑽石顆粒係以任意適合塗層加以塗佈，如銀。The name "diamond" is considered to include natural diamonds as well as synthetic diamonds, and the diamond particles are coated with any suitable coating, such as silver.
相較於利用完全不含結晶劑之液體進行相同處理而言，該名稱「有效量」可視為足以達成可量測之光澤改善的量。就單次處理操作而言，已知有效之量係每50m2 地板表面約1至2公升的結晶劑(包含例如2至30重量%之六氟矽酸鎂)。因此，於特定目的基礎上已知為有效的量之範圍為每m2 地板表面約0.4g以上的六氟矽酸鎂。然而，如為每日或每週維修而重複使用時，例如以1：100之比例稀釋的結晶劑亦為有效。因此，在規律性基準上進行維修的已知有效量範圍為每m2 地板表面約0.004g以上的的六氟矽酸鎂。吾人瞭解還有其它類型之結晶劑，如六氟矽酸鋅、氫氟酸、草酸。因此，以上所提供的有效值，可能需要加以調整以便適用於所選用之結晶劑的個別類型。The term "effective amount" can be considered to be an amount sufficient to achieve a measurable gloss improvement compared to the same treatment with a liquid that is completely free of crystallizing agent. For a single treatment operation, it is known that an effective amount is about 1 to 2 liters of crystallizing agent per 50 m 2 of floor surface (including, for example, 2 to 30% by weight of hexafluoroantimonate). Therefore, an amount which is known to be effective on the basis of a specific purpose is about 0.4 g or more of magnesium hexafluoroantimonate per m 2 of the floor surface. However, if it is reused for daily or weekly maintenance, for example, a crystallizing agent diluted in a ratio of 1:100 is also effective. Thus, a known effective amount for maintenance on a regular basis ranges from about 0.004 g of magnesium hexafluoroantimonate per m 2 of floor surface. We also know that there are other types of crystallizers, such as zinc hexafluoroantimonate, hydrofluoric acid, and oxalic acid. Therefore, the effective values provided above may need to be adjusted to suit the individual types of crystallization agents selected.
撓性襯墊與鑽石顆粒之組合提供表面中不均勻之補償，且使施加於襯墊之壓力分佈均勻。另外，藉由襯墊之彈性，此一組合顯著地降低鑽石刮傷表面之風險。The combination of the flexible liner and the diamond particles provides a non-uniform compensation in the surface and a uniform pressure distribution applied to the liner. In addition, this combination significantly reduces the risk of the diamond scratching the surface by the elasticity of the liner.
當利用鑽石顆粒作為研磨顆粒來拋光硬質、石材表面時，在濕式與乾式兩狀況下，將提供相當於或較習知研磨顆粒之使用更好的效果。尤其，鑽石之使用能夠廢除結晶劑之使用，因而免去管理之必要。When diamond particles are used as abrasive particles to polish hard, stone surfaces, in wet and dry conditions, a better or better effect than the use of conventional abrasive particles will be provided. In particular, the use of diamonds can abolish the use of crystallizing agents, thus eliminating the need for management.
該處理可在接觸表面上、實質上不存在液體情況下加以進行，亦即在實質上乾式狀況期間；或在接觸表面上、有水的情況下加以進行，亦即在濕式狀況期間。尤其，該處理可在接觸表面上、存在有水與清潔劑情形下加以進行，因而使其與每日維修/清潔操作得以絕佳地配合在一起。This treatment can be carried out on the contact surface in the substantial absence of liquid, i.e. during substantially dry conditions; or on the contact surface with water, i.e. during wet conditions. In particular, the treatment can be carried out on the contact surface in the presence of water and detergent, thus making it an excellent fit with daily maintenance/cleaning operations.
在一實施例中，研磨顆粒係使用第二黏結劑而結合至襯墊。因此，當處理地板時，不需添加拋光劑。具體而言，可只在接觸表面附近中將研磨顆粒結合至襯墊。此係為有利，由於未與硬質表面接觸之襯墊之部分中所存在的研磨顆粒並不實現任何功能，因此可視其為廢料。In one embodiment, the abrasive particles are bonded to the liner using a second binder. Therefore, when the floor is treated, it is not necessary to add a polishing agent. In particular, the abrasive particles can be bonded to the liner only in the vicinity of the contact surface. This is advantageous because the abrasive particles present in the portion of the liner that is not in contact with the hard surface do not perform any function and can therefore be considered a waste material.
該研磨顆粒可具有平均直徑為0.1至30 μ m，較佳狀況為0.1與15 μ m之間，及最佳狀況為10與15 μ m之間。The abrasive particles may have an average diameter of from 0.1 to 30 μm, preferably between 0.1 and 15 μm, and optimally between 10 and 15 μm.
該研磨顆粒可包含天然鑽石顆粒、工業鑽石顆粒及塗層之鑽石顆粒其中至少一者。The abrasive particles can comprise at least one of natural diamond particles, industrial diamond particles, and coated diamond particles.
該處理可利用具有具有鑽石顆粒之平均直徑為0.1至30 μ m的襯墊加以進行，較佳狀況為0.1與15 μ m之間，及最佳狀況為5與15 μ m之間。This treatment can be carried out using a liner having an average diameter of diamond particles of 0.1 to 30 μm, preferably between 0.1 and 15 μm, and optimally between 5 and 15 μm.
在一實施例中，所使用之襯墊包含一多孔、膨鬆、立體非織造之纖維網狀物。此等網狀物可以較低成本取得，且以標準規格適用於既有之表面機械。In one embodiment, the liner used comprises a porous, bulky, three-dimensional nonwoven fibrous web. These webs are available at lower cost and are suitable for existing surface machinery in standard specifications.
該襯墊可具有小於40kg/m3 之密度，最佳密度為20至35kg/m3 。因此，該襯墊包含較多量之空隙，在處理期間，灰塵、碎片、及顆粒可移入空隙中。因此，灰塵絕大部分包含於襯墊中，而較不會分佈於該處理正發生之區域中，從而免除額外灰塵收集設備之必要。另外，藉由允許碎片移入襯墊中使表面刮傷風險因此降低。The liner may have a density of less than 40 kg/m 3 and an optimum density of 20 to 35 kg/m 3 . Thus, the liner contains a relatively large amount of voids during which dust, debris, and particles can move into the voids. Therefore, most of the dust is contained in the gasket and is less distributed in the area where the treatment is occurring, thereby eliminating the need for an additional dust collecting device. In addition, the risk of scratching the surface by allowing the debris to move into the liner is therefore reduced.
該方法尤其適用於一地板表面上。This method is especially suitable for use on a floor surface.
該方法尤其可應用於具有表面硬度約為5moh或更多的石材或石材類之材料，較佳硬度為6至7moh。此等表面之範例為混凝土地、磨石子地、花崗石等。The method is particularly applicable to materials having a surface hardness of about 5 moh or more of stone or stone, preferably having a hardness of 6 to 7 moh. Examples of such surfaces are concrete, terrazzo, granite, and the like.
當與硬質表面接觸時，可使襯墊以50至3000rpm之旋轉速度旋轉，較佳旋轉速度為100至1500rpm。When in contact with the hard surface, the liner can be rotated at a rotational speed of 50 to 3000 rpm, preferably at a rotational speed of 100 to 1500 rpm.
該處理可實質上以規律基準加以進行，如每日、每週、或每月。This treatment can be carried out substantially on a regular basis, such as daily, weekly, or monthly.
再者，提供處理硬質表面用之工具，該工具包含一撓性襯墊，其具有結合研磨顆粒至襯墊的作用處理表面。該襯墊具有第一部份，其中該研磨顆粒以第一濃度存在，且第二部分具有第二、較低濃度之研磨顆粒，該研磨顆粒包含鑽石顆粒。Further, there is provided a tool for treating a hard surface, the tool comprising a flexible liner having an action treating surface that incorporates abrasive particles to the liner. The liner has a first portion wherein the abrasive particles are present at a first concentration and the second portion has a second, lower concentration of abrasive particles comprising diamond particles.
在一實施例中，第二部分係實質上不含鑽石顆粒。In an embodiment, the second portion is substantially free of diamond particles.
由於未接觸硬質表面之襯墊之部分中所存在的研磨顆粒並不實現任何功能，根據本發明之襯墊可以較低成本加以製造。Since the abrasive particles present in the portion of the liner that is not in contact with the hard surface do not perform any function, the liner according to the present invention can be manufactured at a lower cost.
襯墊之撓性消除或減少鑽石研磨顆粒另外發生在硬質表面上之有害效應。因此，該工具可用於任意硬質表面，如木料、層版、大理石、花崗石、混凝土、磨石子地等表面。然而，該工具對於硬質石材或石材類之表面尤其有效，如花崗石、混凝土、磨石子地等。The flexibility of the liner eliminates or reduces the deleterious effects of diamond abrasive particles that otherwise occur on hard surfaces. Therefore, the tool can be used on any hard surface such as wood, laminate, marble, granite, concrete, terrazzo and other surfaces. However, the tool is particularly effective for hard stone or stone surfaces such as granite, concrete, terrazzo, and the like.
在一實施例中，襯墊以具有一厚度與第一表面之碟型本體組成，其中研磨顆粒存在於第一表面上且往下一深度低於第一表面，該深度小於該厚度，使第一部份位於第一表面，在第一表面之反向使第二部分位於第二表面。藉由不使第二表面留下拋光材料與黏結劑，以便在載板上促進襯墊至Velcro鉤連器之貼附。In one embodiment, the liner is composed of a dish-shaped body having a thickness and a first surface, wherein the abrasive particles are present on the first surface and are lower than the first surface to a depth that is less than the thickness, such that A portion is located on the first surface, and the second portion is located on the second surface in the opposite direction of the first surface. The adhesion of the liner to the Velcro hook is promoted on the carrier by not leaving the second surface with a polishing material and a binder.
在第二實施例中，襯墊以具有一厚度與第一表面之碟型本體組成，其中研磨顆粒以較少於全部第一表面而存在，使第一與第二部分彼此鄰接位於第一表面上。第二實施例促進灰塵與碎片移入襯墊中。In a second embodiment, the liner is comprised of a dish-shaped body having a thickness and a first surface, wherein the abrasive particles are present in less than all of the first surface such that the first and second portions abut each other on the first surface on. The second embodiment facilitates the movement of dust and debris into the liner.
在一實施例中，襯墊包含一多孔、膨鬆、立體非織造網狀物，其包含複數個纖維，在其交互接觸點上彼此黏附。In one embodiment, the liner comprises a porous, lofty, three-dimensional nonwoven web comprising a plurality of fibers that adhere to each other at their point of mutual contact.
可利用第二黏結劑將研磨顆粒結合至襯墊之纖維。因此，只存在於接觸表面之研磨顆粒之因素並不致對襯墊纖維之結合造成任何方式的負面影響。The abrasive particles can be bonded to the fibers of the liner using a second binder. Therefore, the factors that only present the abrasive particles on the contact surface do not adversely affect the bonding of the liner fibers in any way.
作為非限制性範例，第二黏結劑可由苯酚樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、尿素樹脂及環氧化物樹脂組成之族群加以選擇。As a non-limiting example, the second binder may be selected from the group consisting of a phenol resin, a melamine resin, a urea resin, and an epoxide resin.
在一實施例中，第二黏結劑形成複數個分離微滴，其具有最大直徑小於纖維之交互接觸兩點之間的平均長度。因此，纖維並未全部由黏結劑樹脂加以塗佈，更加促成灰塵與碎片移入襯墊中。In one embodiment, the second binder forms a plurality of discrete droplets having an average diameter that is less than an average length between two points of interaction of the fibers. Therefore, the fibers are not all coated with the binder resin, which further promotes the movement of dust and debris into the liner.
該研磨顆粒可包含具有平均直徑為0.1至30μm的鑽石顆粒，較佳狀況為0.1與15μm之間，及最佳狀況為5與15μm之間。The abrasive particles may comprise diamond particles having an average diameter of from 0.1 to 30 μm, preferably between 0.1 and 15 μm, and most preferably between 5 and 15 μm.
襯墊更可包含由石墨、氧化錫、碳化矽及氧化鋁組成之族群所選擇的第二研磨顆粒。The liner may further comprise a second abrasive particle selected from the group consisting of graphite, tin oxide, tantalum carbide, and aluminum oxide.
該襯墊較佳情況為以具有直徑在30與100 cm之間、未壓縮厚度在1與5cm之間的圓碟形狀加以建置。Preferably, the liner is constructed in the shape of a circular disk having a diameter between 30 and 100 cm and an uncompressed thickness between 1 and 5 cm.
再者，提供處理硬質表面用之襯墊的製造方法。該方法包含設置一襯墊、且在襯墊之第一表面上施加黏結劑與包含鑽石之研磨顆粒的混合物，使該襯墊呈現第一部份，其中該研磨顆粒以第一濃度存在、及第二部分具有第二、較低濃度之研磨顆粒。在一實施例中，第二部分實質上不具有研磨顆粒。可利用噴塗、滾壓、或浸塗將研磨顆粒設置於第一表面。Further, a method of manufacturing a liner for treating a hard surface is provided. The method includes disposing a liner and applying a mixture of a binder and abrasive particles comprising diamond on a first surface of the liner such that the liner exhibits a first portion, wherein the abrasive particles are present at a first concentration, and The second portion has a second, lower concentration of abrasive particles. In an embodiment, the second portion has substantially no abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be placed on the first surface by spraying, rolling, or dip coating.
首先本說明將聚焦在適用於維修硬質表面之方法所用的工具，隨後再聚焦於該工具之製造方法，最後聚焦於硬質表面維修用之工具的使用。First, the description will focus on the tools used in the method for repairing hard surfaces, then focus on the tool's manufacturing method, and finally focus on the use of tools for hard surface repair.
參考圖1a，顯示由一多孔、膨鬆、立體非織造之纖維網狀物2所製成之襯墊1。襯墊1之第一表面具有部分P1，其表示使用第二黏結劑將研磨顆粒結合至該網狀物，亦即第二黏結劑係具有將纖維結合至網狀物為主要目的之黏結劑。襯墊1係為圓形。Referring to Figure 1a, a liner 1 made of a porous, bulky, three-dimensional nonwoven fibrous web 2 is shown. The first surface of the liner 1 has a portion P1 which indicates the incorporation of abrasive particles to the web using a second binder, i.e., the second binder has a binder for the primary purpose of bonding the fibers to the web. The pad 1 is circular.
參考圖1b，顯示沿圖1a中之直線S1-S2的橫剖面。如圖1b所示，表示研磨顆粒之部分P1係存在於第一表面A且達一深度D，其小於襯墊1之厚度T。因此，在第二表面B具有部分P2，其實質上不具有研磨顆粒與第二黏結劑。Referring to Figure 1b, a cross section along the line S1-S2 in Figure 1a is shown. As shown in FIG. 1b, a portion P1 representing the abrasive particles is present on the first surface A and reaches a depth D which is less than the thickness T of the liner 1. Therefore, the second surface B has a portion P2 which does not substantially have abrasive particles and a second binder.
當參考「部分」時，應瞭解其為襯墊1之巨觀結構的部分而非個別纖維之部分。When referring to "portion", it should be understood that it is part of the macrostructure of the liner 1 and not part of the individual fibers.
參考圖2a與2b，顯示類似的襯墊1，其中差異為部份P2′也在第一表面A上，該部份P2′實質上不具有研磨顆粒與第二黏結劑。Referring to Figures 2a and 2b, a similar liner 1 is shown, wherein the difference is that the portion P2' is also on the first surface A, the portion P2' having substantially no abrasive particles and a second binder.
在兩實施例中，研磨顆粒遍佈存在於第二黏結劑中，且利用主要黏結劑及/或利用熔化鍵結使纖維彼此結合在一起。In both embodiments, the abrasive particles are present throughout the second binder and the fibers are bonded to each other using the primary binder and/or by melt bonding.
根據參考圖1a與1b所述之實施例，襯墊1之準備說明現將於下提出。According to the embodiment described with reference to Figures 1a and 1b, a description of the preparation of the liner 1 will now be presented.
使用具有直徑為20英吋(51cm)、厚度為28mm及重量為157克的圓狀、碟形之Glit/Microtron®韖製革地板拋光墊作為起始材料。此等襯墊可購自Glit/Microtron，Wrens，GA，USA。襯墊之起始密度因此為27kg/m3 。圖3a為顯示襯墊在施加聚合物樹脂/研磨顆粒之前的顯微鏡相片。由圖3a來看，可見組成襯墊之纖維係利用主要聚合物樹脂、以其交互接觸點10而撐在一起。該襯墊具撓性與彈性且包含多元酯與尼龍纖維。A round, dish-shaped Glit/Microtron® tanned floor polishing pad having a diameter of 20 inches (51 cm), a thickness of 28 mm, and a weight of 157 grams was used as a starting material. Such liners are available from Glit/Microtron, Wrens, GA, USA. The initial density of the liner is therefore 27 kg/m 3 . Figure 3a is a photomicrograph showing the liner prior to application of the polymer resin/abrasive particles. As seen in Figure 3a, it can be seen that the fibers that make up the liner are held together by the primary polymer resin with their mutual contact points 10. The liner is flexible and elastic and comprises a polyester and nylon fibers.
準備一均勻聚合物樹脂混合物，其由以下所組成：200g PA樹脂52-68苯酚樹脂(購自Perstorp AB，Perstorp，Sweden)、100g T- RÖD®乙醇(購自Alfort & Cronholm AB，Bromma，Sweden)、及 20g LANDS LS600F 4-8μm鑽石顆粒(購自Lands Superabrasives， Co.，New York，NY，USA)。就在混合物之施加前，添加60g之 65%對甲苯磺酸(PTS)作為硬化劑。A homogeneous polymer resin mixture was prepared which consisted of 200 g of PA resin 52-68 phenol resin (available from Perstorp AB, Perstorp, Sweden), 100 g T- RÖD® ethanol (available from Alfort & Cronholm AB, Bromma, Sweden), and 20g LANDS LS600F 4-8μm diamond granules (purchased from Lands Superabrasives, Co., New York, NY, USA). Add 60g before the application of the mixture 65% p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTS) was used as a hardener.
利用標準型壓縮空氣噴槍(通常用於噴漆)，將樹脂混合物噴塗在拋光墊之第一表面A上。之後，具有未硬化樹脂之襯墊重173克。接著，將襯墊置於約120℃之熱空氣爐中約進行20分鐘。The resin mixture is sprayed onto the first surface A of the polishing pad using a standard compressed air spray gun (usually used for painting). Thereafter, the liner having an uncured resin weighed 173 grams. Next, the liner was placed in a hot air oven at about 120 ° C for about 20 minutes.
現已由圖3b之顯微鏡照片所見認定該襯墊之外觀。樹脂/顆粒混合物之小球或微滴11沿著每一纖維加以形成，亦形成於纖維之間的交互接觸點。因為微滴如此分佈開來，以致並未全面遮蓋其所黏附之纖維。對此更清楚之說明請參見於圖4a至4b，圖中顯示出參考如上所述圖1a至1b之襯墊、及該襯墊之部分放大圖(圖4b)，其中黏結劑/顆粒混合物之微滴11係貼附至纖維。The appearance of the liner has now been identified by the micrograph of Figure 3b. Pellets or droplets 11 of the resin/particle mixture are formed along each fiber and are also formed at the point of contact between the fibers. Because the droplets are so distributed that they do not completely cover the fibers they adhere to. For a clearer description of this, please refer to Figures 4a to 4b, which show the gasket of Figures 1a to 1b as described above, and a partial enlarged view of the gasket (Figure 4b), wherein the binder/particle mixture The droplets 11 are attached to the fibers.
為了評估如上述所生產之襯墊的效能，將施行比對測試以便評估如上述所準備的兩相異之20英吋(51cm)襯墊：第一者以「黃色」表示，其具有7至12μm之塗銀鑽石顆粒，及第二者以「綠色」表示，其具有3至6μm之普通鑽石顆粒。作為參考之用，則使用兩相異市售襯墊：20英吋(51cm)之3MTM 5200棕色石材更新墊，及20英吋(51cm)之3MTM 4000灰色石材拋光墊，兩者皆購自3M，St，Paul，MN，USA。In order to evaluate the performance of the liner produced as described above, a comparison test will be performed to evaluate the two-phase 20-inch (51 cm) liner prepared as described above: the first one is represented by "yellow", which has 7 to The 12 μm silver-coated diamond particles, and the second one are indicated by "green", which have ordinary diamond particles of 3 to 6 μm. For reference, a two-phase, commercially available liner is used: a 20-inch (51 cm) 3M TM 5200 brown stone renewal mat, and a 20-inch (51 cm) 3M TM 4000 gray stone polishing pad, both available for purchase. From 3M, St, Paul, MN, USA.
在兩個不同表面類型上進行這些測試：Kolmården大理石(大理石來自Norrköping，Sweden外之Kolmården區域)，以及K40混凝土。利用一Coor & Kleever Crystallizer 1250KG地板表面處理機器(購自Coor & Kleever，S.A.，Barcelona，Spain)，在約1m2 之表面上施行每一測試，該機器具有適用於容納20英吋地板墊且以約175rpm旋轉的單一載板。測試中包含進行拋光表面約1minute/m2 。在每一處理前後，利用Sanwal/Cenma IG-310光澤測量器在該區域上之數點量測表面光澤。以下表格中所列之光澤值建構每一區域之平均值。以80至90°鑑定為高光澤。以50至75° 鑑定為半光澤。以30至45°鑑定為絲緞光澤。以20至25°鑑定為打拋光澤。以5至15°鑑定為平偏光光澤。These tests were performed on two different surface types: Kolmården marble (marble from Norrköping, Kolmården area outside Sweden), and K40 concrete. Each test was performed on a surface of approximately 1 m 2 using a Coor & Kleever Crystallizer 1250 KG floor finisher (available from Coor & Kleever, SA, Barcelona, Spain) having a floor mat suitable for accommodating 20 inches A single carrier plate rotating at approximately 175 rpm. The test included a polished surface of approximately 1 minute/m 2 . Before and after each treatment, the surface gloss was measured at several points on the area using a Sanwal/Cenma IG-310 gloss meter. The gloss values listed in the table below construct the average for each region. It was identified as high gloss at 80 to 90°. It is identified as semi-gloss at 50 to 75°. It was identified as silk satin gloss at 30 to 45°. It was identified as 20 to 25° for polishing. It was identified as a flat polarized gloss at 5 to 15°.
每一區域皆以乾式及利用水作為潤滑劑加以測試。此外，混凝土表面利用Coor Rosa/K-2結晶器(購自Coor & Kleever，S.A.，Barcelona，Spain)作為潤滑劑加以測試，亦即在EP-B-0562919中所述之結晶化學品如結晶劑一樣包含六氟矽酸鎂。Each zone was tested dry and with water as a lubricant. In addition, the concrete surface was tested using a Coor Rosa/K-2 crystallizer (available from Coor & Kleever, SA, Barcelona, Spain) as a lubricant, ie a crystallization chemical such as a crystallizer as described in EP-B-0562919. The same contains magnesium hexafluoroantimonate.
當3MTM 襯墊進行測試時，先以棕色襯墊處理每一表面部分，隨後再以灰色襯墊加以處理。When 3M TM test pad, the pad prior to treatment brown each surface portion, followed by treating with a gray pad.
從表格1與2，可推論在大理石上利用水作為潤滑劑，雖然灰色與綠色所達到的值皆落在「絲緞光澤」範圍內，但3MTM 襯墊組合(棕色與灰色)卻提供稍好一些的效果，上述大理石為具有硬度約3至5moh的較軟石材。然而，在乾式狀況期間，綠色襯墊卻達成顯著改善，達到半光澤範圍。From Tables 1 and 2, it can be inferred that water is used as a lubricant on marble. Although the values achieved by gray and green fall within the range of “silk satin”, the 3M TM liner combination (brown and gray) provides a little For better results, the marble described above is a softer stone having a hardness of about 3 to 5 moh. However, during the dry condition, the green liner achieved a significant improvement to the semi-gloss range.
從表格3與4，可注意到在濕式狀況中且在具有硬度約6至7moh的K40混凝土上，棕色與灰色襯墊之組合完全未提供任何量測改善，而黃色與綠色襯墊之組合卻提供明顯改善。在乾式狀況中，以棕色與灰色襯墊之組合所處理之表面記錄了些許改善，而由黃色與綠色襯墊之組合所處理之表面卻紀錄了較大改善。From Tables 3 and 4, it can be noted that in wet conditions and on K40 concrete with a hardness of about 6 to 7 moh, the combination of brown and grey liners does not provide any measurement improvement at all, and the combination of yellow and green liners But it provides significant improvement. In the dry condition, the surface treated with the combination of brown and grey liners recorded some improvement, while the surface treated with the combination of yellow and green liners recorded a significant improvement.
從表格5中，可注意到在K40混凝土上以灰色襯墊利用Coor Rosa/K-2結晶器作為潤滑劑可達成某些效果，及以綠色襯墊利用Coor Rosa/K-2結晶器作為潤滑劑可達成更好一些之效果。From Table 5, it can be noted that some effects can be achieved by using a Coor Rosa/K-2 crystallizer as a lubricant on the K40 concrete with a gray liner, and using a Coor Rosa/K-2 crystallizer as a green liner for lubrication. The agent can achieve better results.
總而言之，可推論根據本發明揭露內容之襯墊將較先前技術提供顯著改善。在乾式狀況期間與混凝土上之改善尤其顯著。In summary, it can be inferred that the pad according to the present disclosure will provide significant improvements over the prior art. The improvement with concrete during dry conditions is particularly significant.
圖5為地板表面處理機器20之剖面圖，其上根據本發明揭露內容安裝襯墊1以定義對應硬質表面8之接觸表面9，在此例中硬質表面8為地板表面。將襯墊1安裝在被驅動、可旋轉之載板4上，該載板通常在軸承中進行傳動，且因此相對於機器本體5為 可旋轉的，其上安置一馬達單元6。在此實施例中，該機器具有手把7，且因此適用於由走動式操作者加以掌控/推/拉。在其它實施例中已知地板表面處理機器20可為，例如一可騎式運載工具並裝配有一載板4，其適用於容納襯墊1。Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a floor surface treating machine 20 on which the gasket 1 is mounted to define a contact surface 9 corresponding to the hard surface 8, in this case the hard surface 8 is the floor surface. The gasket 1 is mounted on a driven, rotatable carrier 4, which is typically driven in a bearing and thus is relative to the machine body 5 Rotatable, on which a motor unit 6 is placed. In this embodiment, the machine has a handlebar 7, and is therefore suitable for being controlled/push/pull by an ambulatory operator. It is known in other embodiments that the floor finisher 20 can be, for example, a rideable vehicle and is equipped with a carrier 4 adapted to receive the liner 1.
可利用襯墊1與上述方法進行光滑硬質表面之每日清潔/維修，如石材、混凝土或磨石子地之地板表面，其中利用地板表面處理機器如洗刷器/乾燥器之組合機器進行處理，如Nilfisk CR1300、單碟地板維修機器(低速或高速)，如Nilfisk 510B或545、磨光機，如Nilfisk SDH5120、BHS5120或BHS7014，其全部皆購自Nilfisk-Advance，Stockholm，Sweden。The liner 1 and the above method can be used for daily cleaning/repair of a smooth hard surface, such as a floor surface of stone, concrete or terrazzo, where a combination of a floor surface treatment machine such as a scrubber/dryer is used, such as Nilfisk CR1300, single disc floor repair machine (low speed or high speed), such as Nilfisk 510B or 545, sander, such as Nilfisk SDH5120, BHS5120 or BHS7014, all purchased from Nilfisk-Advance, Stockholm, Sweden.
地板表面之處理通常藉由與地板表面接觸時，使襯墊在平行於地板表面之平面中旋轉而加以進行。典型旋轉速度為自50rpm至3000rpm。然而，可包含較低或較高旋轉之速度。The treatment of the floor surface is typically carried out by rotating the liner in a plane parallel to the floor surface by contact with the floor surface. Typical rotational speeds are from 50 rpm to 3000 rpm. However, a lower or higher rotational speed may be included.
如上所清楚呈現者，根據本發明揭露內容之襯墊的第一實施例，包含一多孔、膨鬆、立體非織造網狀物，其包含複數個纖維，纖維係以其交互接觸點利用主要黏結劑而彼此黏附在一起，且其中研磨顆粒係與第二黏結劑混合並僅施加於襯墊之第一表面，使襯墊僅部份地由黏結劑/顆粒混合物加以充填。或者，或另外，使纖維彼此加以熔化鍵結在一起。As is clear from the above, a first embodiment of a liner according to the present disclosure comprises a porous, lofty, three-dimensional nonwoven web comprising a plurality of fibers, the fibers being utilized primarily by their mutual contact points. The binders are adhered to each other, and wherein the abrasive particles are mixed with the second binder and applied only to the first surface of the liner such that the liner is only partially filled by the binder/particle mixture. Alternatively, or in addition, the fibers are melt bonded to each other.
在襯墊之第二實施例中，僅將黏結劑/顆粒混合物施加於第一表面之部分。可藉由遮住那些不需施加黏結劑/顆粒混合物之表面部分而達成此目的。In a second embodiment of the liner, only the binder/particle mixture is applied to portions of the first surface. This can be achieved by masking portions of the surface that do not require the application of a binder/particle mixture.
在第三實施例中，襯墊係全部以黏結劑/顆粒混合物加以充填，例如藉由使用如EP-B-0562919所述之擠壓輥。此實施例之變化態樣中，將較薄且充滿織物或非織造襯墊貼附至較厚之載墊上以提供撓性。根據此實施例之變化態樣，實質上二維織物或非織造網狀物係貼附至較厚之載墊上。In a third embodiment, the liners are all filled with a binder/particle mixture, for example by using a squeezing roller as described in EP-B-0562919. In a variation of this embodiment, a thinner, filled fabric or nonwoven liner is attached to a thicker carrier pad to provide flexibility. According to a variant of this embodiment, a substantially two-dimensional woven or nonwoven web is attached to a thicker carrier pad.
在第四實施例中，可利用立體織物或編織襯墊，藉以將黏結劑/顆粒混合物如上所述加以施加。In a fourth embodiment, a three-dimensional fabric or woven pad may be utilized whereby the binder/particle mixture is applied as described above.
在第五實施例中，研磨顆粒係存在於襯墊之材料中。在第一選擇中，襯墊實質上為如上所述之非織造纖維襯墊，其具有包含於纖維材料中的鑽石顆粒。在第二選擇中，襯墊係為聚合物泡綿墊，其具有包含於泡綿聚合物材料中的鑽石顆粒。In a fifth embodiment, the abrasive particles are present in the material of the liner. In a first option, the liner is substantially a nonwoven fibrous mat as described above having diamond particles contained in the fibrous material. In a second option, the liner is a polymeric foam pad having diamond particles contained in the foam polymeric material.
在第六實施例中，襯墊為聚合物泡棉墊，黏結劑/顆粒混合物係如上所述施加於其表面。In a sixth embodiment, the liner is a polymeric foam pad and the binder/particle mixture is applied to the surface as described above.
本發明揭露內容並非限於使用苯酚樹脂。其它適合樹脂之範例為三聚氰胺、尿素、環氧化物與多元酯樹脂。The disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the use of a phenol resin. Other examples of suitable resins are melamine, urea, epoxide and polyester resins.
再者，硬化劑可由適用於所選之樹脂類型的任意硬化劑加以選擇。另外，也可不包含硬化劑，如藉由允許襯墊以較高溫度及/或較長時期進行硬化。Further, the hardener may be selected from any hardener suitable for the type of resin selected. In addition, a hardener may not be included, such as by allowing the liner to harden at a higher temperature and/or for a longer period of time.
另外，溶劑(在此例中使用乙醇)僅提供來減少混合物之黏性，且因此促進其噴塗。可利用任意適合之溶劑，及在應用方法允許條件下亦可排除溶劑。Additionally, the solvent (in this case, ethanol) is only provided to reduce the viscosity of the mixture and thus promote its spraying. Any suitable solvent may be utilized and the solvent may be excluded as permitted by the application method.
研磨顆粒之較佳狀況為包含鑽石。然而，地板處理墊可根據上述準則、以及利用其它類型研磨顆粒、或其組合而加以生產，例如那些在EP-B-0562919中所述者。尤其，塗銀鑽石顆粒也已被證實可提供良好結果。自然而然，可將鑽石顆粒與其它類型之研磨顆粒加以組合。A preferred condition for the abrasive particles is to include diamonds. However, floor treatment mats can be produced in accordance with the above criteria, as well as utilizing other types of abrasive particles, or combinations thereof, such as those described in EP-B-0562919. In particular, silver coated diamond particles have also been proven to provide good results. Naturally, diamond particles can be combined with other types of abrasive particles.
瞭解可將具有如上所述之第二黏結劑與研磨顆粒的襯墊1貼附至具有任意連接器之碟片或盤狀物，該連接器係用來連接至表面處理機器之載板上，或利用設置於載板上之Velcro-型鉤形物使襯墊直接地可連接上表面處理機器，其中鉤形物囓合襯墊1之纖維。因此，維修工具可以主要黏結劑、第二黏結劑、及研磨顆粒由襯墊加以組成，也可添加染料或在提供襯墊類型、製造商、商標等資訊之區域上加以打印。It is understood that a liner 1 having a second binder and abrasive particles as described above can be attached to a disc or disc having any connector for attachment to a carrier of a surface treatment machine. Alternatively, the liner can be directly attached to the upper surface treatment machine using Velcro-type hooks disposed on the carrier, wherein the hooks engage the fibers of the liner 1. Therefore, the repair tool may be composed of a primary adhesive, a second adhesive, and abrasive particles, or may be added with a dye or printed on an area providing pad type, manufacturer, trademark, and the like.
或者，或另外，襯墊可以襯背層加以提供。Alternatively, or in addition, the liner may be provided with a backing layer.
進一步測試係利用如上述專利申請人之黃色與綠色襯墊、連同另外以「白色」表示之襯墊加以進行，該白色襯墊具有15至30 μm之鑽石顆粒，但除此之外其它則對應於如上述之黃色與綠色襯墊。將使用購自3M，St，Paul，MN，USA的3M®5100紅色緩衝墊作為參考比對。Further testing is carried out using yellow and green pads as described in the above-mentioned patent applicant, together with pads additionally indicated by "white" having 15 to 30 Diamond particles of μm, but otherwise correspond to yellow and green pads as described above. A 3M® 5100 red cushion purchased from 3M, St, Paul, MN, USA will be used as a reference alignment.
在第一額外測試中，在塗油橡拼花地板表面上測試申請人之襯墊。在處理之前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。結果顯示在表格6中。In the first additional test, the applicant's liner was tested on the surface of the oiled rubber parquet floor. After the treatment, the gloss value of the floor was measured at five spaced apart points using the gloss meter referenced above, and the average gloss value was calculated after treatment with each pad type. The results are shown in Table 6.
從表格6中，可見來自絲緞無光澤表面(6.0)之光澤改善係可達成，尤其，當使用黃色與綠色襯墊時，其兩者皆提供極為光亮表面。白色襯墊提供一光亮表面，而3M®紅色襯墊則提供光亮卻有些污點之表面。注意白色、黃色、與綠色襯墊提供極為清潔地板。From Table 6, it can be seen that gloss improvement from the satin matte surface (6.0) is achievable, especially when yellow and green liners are used, both of which provide an extremely shiny surface. The white pad provides a shiny surface, while the 3M® red pad provides a shiny but smudged surface. Note that white, yellow, and green liners provide extremely clean floors.
在第二額外測試中，申請人之襯墊係就濕式拋光塗油橡拼花地板表面進行測試。在處理之前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。結果顯示在表格7中。In the second additional test, the applicant's liner was tested on a wet polished oiled oak parquet surface. After the treatment, the gloss value of the floor was measured at five spaced apart points using the gloss meter referenced above, and the average gloss value was calculated after treatment with each pad type. The results are shown in Table 7.
從表格7中，可見一開始為絲緞無光澤表面，白色與黃色襯墊提供完全無光澤表面，並且注意到水中有一些打磨殘餘物。另一方面，綠色襯墊提供無光澤、全面平滑之表面。以綠色襯墊進行乾式拋光則提供光亮且清潔之表面、全部不含油之薄膜。注意白色、黃色及綠色襯墊皆提供極為清潔地板。亦注意接續濕式拋光之後，使用白色、黃色或綠色襯墊進行地板之乾式拋光則提供類似表格6之那些光澤值。From Table 7, it can be seen that the silky satin matte surface initially, the white and yellow liners provide a completely matte surface, and it is noted that there are some sanding residues in the water. On the other hand, the green liner provides a matte, fully smooth surface. Dry polishing with a green liner provides a bright, clean surface and a completely oil-free film. Note that the white, yellow and green pads all provide extremely clean floors. It is also noted that after the wet polishing, the dry polishing of the floor using white, yellow or green liners provides those gloss values similar to those of Table 6.
因此，可推論在此所揭露之襯墊可用來研磨及/或拋光木質表面，如木質地板表面，甲板表面(如在陽台或船上)、牆面、室內模型製品、門、護壁板等。Thus, it can be inferred that the liners disclosed herein can be used to grind and/or polish wood surfaces such as wooden floor surfaces, deck surfaces (such as on balconies or boats), wall surfaces, interior moldings, doors, wall panels, and the like.
在第三額外測試中，申請人之襯墊係就以地板蠟處理成光亮飾面之Amtico®乙烯地磚地板進行乾式拋光而加以測試，該地板購自Amtico International，Coventry，UK。一開始，表面有很多磨損痕跡。在處理前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。結果顯示在表格8中。In a third additional test, the applicant's liner was tested by dry polishing with a floor polish treated to a brightly finished Amtico® vinyl floor tile purchased from Amtico International, Coventry, UK. In the beginning, there were many signs of wear on the surface. Before and after the treatment, the gloss value of the floor was measured at five spaced points using the gloss meter referenced above, and the average gloss value was calculated after each pad type treatment. The results are shown in Table 8.
從表格8中，可注意到3M®紅色襯墊在保持光亮地板表面同時並未移除全部磨損痕跡。白色襯墊移除磨損痕跡卻失去光亮度。更光亮之表面將以黃色襯墊加以獲得，並且全部磨損痕跡都 被移除。儘管磨損痕跡被全部移除了，但綠色襯墊仍提供具有實際上與初始表面相同光亮之表面。注意白色、黃色及綠色襯墊提供極為清潔之表面。From Table 8, it can be noted that the 3M® red pad does not remove all wear marks while maintaining a bright floor surface. The white pad removes the wear marks but loses its brightness. The brighter surface will be obtained with a yellow pad and all wear marks will be Was removed. Although the wear marks are all removed, the green pad still provides a surface that is substantially as bright as the original surface. Note that the white, yellow, and green liners provide an extremely clean surface.
在第四額外測試中，申請人之襯墊係就以地板蠟處理成光亮飾面之Amtico®乙烯地磚地板進行濕式拋光而加以測試。一開始，表面有很多磨損痕跡。在處理前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。就參考而言，利用綠色襯墊進行乾式拋光。結果顯示在表格9中。In the fourth additional test, the applicant's liner was tested by wet polishing of a floor polish treated with a brightly finished Amtico® vinyl floor tile. In the beginning, there were many signs of wear on the surface. Before and after the treatment, the gloss value of the floor was measured at five spaced points using the gloss meter referenced above, and the average gloss value was calculated after each pad type treatment. For reference, dry polishing is performed using a green liner. The results are shown in Table 9.
從表格9中，可注意3M®紅色襯墊再次無法成功自地板表面移除全部磨損痕跡，儘管提供了光亮表面。白色襯墊提供清潔、無光澤之表面，而黃色襯墊提供清潔、稍微更光亮之表面。當用於濕式拋光時，來自綠色襯墊之結果略佳於黃色襯墊之結果。當綠色襯墊用於乾式狀況時，再次提供極光亮、清潔表面。注意白色、黃色及綠色襯墊皆提供極為清潔表面。From Table 9, it can be noted that the 3M® red pad again fails to successfully remove all wear marks from the floor surface, although a shiny surface is provided. White liners provide a clean, matte finish, while yellow liners provide a clean, slightly brighter surface. When used for wet polishing, the results from the green liner are slightly better than the results of the yellow liner. When the green pad is used in a dry condition, an extremely bright, clean surface is again provided. Note that the white, yellow and green pads all provide an extremely clean surface.
在第五額外測試中，申請人之襯墊係就乾式拋光漆布地板表面加以測試。初始表面已用地板蠟處理過。在處理前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一 襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。結果顯示在表格10中。In the fifth additional test, the applicant's liner was tested on a dry polished lacquered floor surface. The initial surface has been treated with floor wax. Before and after the treatment, use the gloss meter with reference to measure the gloss value of the floor at five spaced points, in each After the pad type is processed, the average gloss value is calculated therefrom. The results are shown in Table 10.
從表格10中，可注意雖然白色襯墊提供較無光澤之表面，但3M®紅色襯墊僅提供輕微之改善，而以黃色襯墊處理之表面則觀察出較參考表面更為光亮。綠色襯墊提供極光亮且清潔之表面。注意白色、黃色及綠色襯墊皆提供極為清潔表面。From Table 10, it can be noted that although the white liner provides a less matte surface, the 3M® red liner provides only a slight improvement, while the yellow liner treatment surface is observed to be brighter than the reference surface. The green pad provides an extremely bright and clean surface. Note that the white, yellow and green pads all provide an extremely clean surface.
在第六額外測試中，申請人之襯墊係就濕式拋光漆布地板表面加以測試。初始表面已用地板蠟處理過。在處理前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。結果顯示在表格11中。In the sixth additional test, the applicant's liner was tested on the wet polished lacquered floor surface. The initial surface has been treated with floor wax. Before and after the treatment, the gloss value of the floor was measured at five spaced points using the gloss meter referenced above, and the average gloss value was calculated after each pad type treatment. The results are shown in Table 11.
從表格11中，可注意3M®紅色襯墊提供極無光澤表面，而白色襯墊則提供無光澤表面，且完全移除了磨光表面。當移除磨光表面時，黃色襯墊提供無光澤飾面。綠色襯墊較黃色襯墊則提供稍微更光亮飾面。注意白色、黃色及綠色襯墊提供極為清潔表面。亦注意接續濕式拋光之後，利用白色、黃色或綠色襯墊進行地板之乾式拋光提供與表格10中類似之光澤值。From Table 11, it can be noted that the 3M® red pad provides a very matte surface, while the white pad provides a matte surface with a completely removed polished surface. The yellow liner provides a matte finish when the polished surface is removed. The green pad provides a slightly brighter finish than the yellow pad. Note that the white, yellow, and green pads provide an extremely clean surface. It is also noted that after the wet polishing, the dry polishing of the floor with a white, yellow or green liner provides a gloss value similar to that in Table 10.
因此，可利用襯墊進行研磨及/或拋光漆布與塑膠地板，如具有包含乙烯、聚氨酯、環氧化物、丙烯酸類或其它塑膠材料之表面的地板。尤其，襯墊適用於此等表面之乾式拋光。Thus, pads can be used to grind and/or polish varnishes and plastic floors, such as floors having surfaces comprising ethylene, polyurethane, epoxide, acrylic or other plastic materials. In particular, the liner is suitable for dry polishing of such surfaces.
在第七額外測試中，申請人之襯墊係就乾式拋光塗漆拼花地板表面進行測試。在此測試中，使用一額外襯墊，稱之為「橘色」且其具有2至4μm之鑽石顆粒。在處理前後，利用參考以上之光澤儀以五個空隔相距點量測地板之光澤值，在以每一襯墊類型處理後，藉此計算平均光澤值。結果顯示在表格12中。In the seventh additional test, the applicant's liner was tested on a dry polished lacquered parquet surface. In this test, an additional pad, referred to as "orange" and having 2 to 4 [mu]m diamond particles, was used. Before and after the treatment, the gloss value of the floor was measured at five spaced points using the gloss meter referenced above, and the average gloss value was calculated after each pad type treatment. The results are shown in Table 12.
從表格12中，注意亦可利用襯墊進行清潔/拋光塗漆拼花地板表面。利用橘色襯墊提供額外增加之光澤，無論其是否在具有40或47-50之初始光澤值的表面上加以進行。From Table 12, note that the pad can also be used to clean/polish the painted parquet floor surface. The use of an orange liner provides an additional gloss, whether or not it is carried out on a surface having an initial gloss value of 40 or 47-50.
因此，可推論在此所討論之襯墊可用來研磨及/或拋光塗漆表面，如塗漆木質表面，例如木質拼花地板及其它塗漆表面(如在陽台或船上)、牆面、室內模型製品、門、護壁板等。Therefore, it can be inferred that the liners discussed herein can be used to grind and/or polish painted surfaces, such as painted wooden surfaces, such as wooden parquet flooring and other painted surfaces (such as on balconies or boats), walls, interior models. Products, doors, wall panels, etc.
根據另一實施例，可利用襯墊進行拋光聚合物表面，如所謂「膠衣」表面，其出現在強化纖維塑膠結構上，如船等，且通常 可選擇地包含樹脂與顏料。According to another embodiment, the pad can be used to polish a polymer surface, such as a so-called "gel coat" surface, which appears on a reinforced fiber plastic structure, such as a boat, etc., and usually Optionally, a resin and a pigment are included.
根據又另一實施例，為了移除小刮痕等目的，可利用襯墊進行研磨及/或拋光玻璃表面，如汽車窗戶/擋風玻璃。According to yet another embodiment, a pad may be used to grind and/or polish a glass surface, such as a car window/windshield, for purposes of removing small scratches and the like.
根據又另一實施例，可利用襯墊進行研磨及/或拋光汽車本體，且甚至進行拋光汽車本體上之塗漆表面，亦即汽車琺瑯。According to yet another embodiment, the liner can be used to grind and/or polish the body of the vehicle, and even to polish the painted surface on the body of the vehicle, i.e., the car.
雖然在此所揭露之方法係適用於規律處理或維修，但其亦可用來進行特定目的之拋光或研磨處理。Although the methods disclosed herein are applicable to regular processing or repair, they can also be used for polishing or grinding processes for a particular purpose.
1‧‧‧襯墊1‧‧‧ liner
1′‧‧‧襯墊1'‧‧‧ cushion
2‧‧‧纖維2‧‧‧Fiber
4‧‧‧載板4‧‧‧ Carrier Board
5‧‧‧機器本體5‧‧‧ machine body
6‧‧‧馬達單元6‧‧‧Motor unit
7‧‧‧手把7‧‧‧handle
8‧‧‧硬質表面8‧‧‧hard surface
9‧‧‧接觸表面9‧‧‧Contact surface
20‧‧‧地板表面處理機器20‧‧‧Floor surface treatment machine
10‧‧‧點10 O'Clock
11‧‧‧微滴11‧‧‧microdroplets
S1‧‧‧直線S1‧‧‧ Straight line
P1‧‧‧部分Part P1‧‧‧
P2‧‧‧部分P2‧‧‧ part
P2′‧‧‧部分P2'‧‧‧ part
A‧‧‧第一表面A‧‧‧ first surface
B‧‧‧第二表面B‧‧‧second surface
D‧‧‧深度D‧‧‧Deep
T‧‧‧厚度T‧‧‧ thickness
其中圖示： 圖1a至1b顯示根據第一實施例之襯墊。Which shows: Figures 1a to 1b show a gasket according to a first embodiment.
圖2a至2b顯示根據第二實施例之襯墊。Figures 2a to 2b show a gasket according to a second embodiment.
圖3a至3b顯示根據本發明揭露內容，在黏結劑與研磨顆粒施加前後之襯墊的放大相片。Figures 3a through 3b show enlarged photographs of the liner before and after application of the binder and abrasive particles in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
圖4a至4b顯示根據第一實施例之襯墊圖，以及襯墊之部分放大圖。4a to 4b show a pad pattern according to the first embodiment, and a partially enlarged view of the pad.
圖5係地板表面機械的剖面圖，其上安裝根據本發明揭露內容之襯墊。Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a mechanical surface of a floor on which a gasket in accordance with the present disclosure is installed.
1．．．襯墊1. . . pad
Claims (21)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05005570A EP1702714B1 (en) | 2005-03-15 | 2005-03-15 | Method for maintenance of hard surfaces |
| PCT/EP2005/012360 WO2006097141A1 (en) | 2005-03-15 | 2005-11-16 | Methods and tool for maintenance of hard surfaces, and a method for manufacturing such a tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200714412A TW200714412A (en) | 2007-04-16 |
| TWI385052B true TWI385052B (en) | 2013-02-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW095108724A TWI385052B (en) | 2005-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Methods and tool for maintenance of hard surfaces, and a method for manufacturing such a tool |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP1787751B1 (en) |
| CN (3) | CN100571981C (en) |
| AT (2) | ATE361815T1 (en) |
| CY (2) | CY1108028T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE202005021478U1 (en) |
| DK (2) | DK1787751T3 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES2286730T3 (en) |
| PL (2) | PL1787751T3 (en) |
| PT (2) | PT1787751E (en) |
| SI (1) | SI1702714T1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI385052B (en) |
| UA (3) | UA94911C2 (en) |
| ZA (3) | ZA200708741B (en) |
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