TWI378217B

TWI378217B - Solar collector

Info

Publication number: TWI378217B
Application number: TW97116246A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Peng Liu; Pi-Jin Chen; Liang Liu; Kai-Li Jiang; Shou-Shan Fan
Original assignee: Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd
Priority date: 2008-05-02
Filing date: 2008-05-02
Publication date: 2012-12-01
Also published as: TW200946843A

Description

1378217 101年07月19日核正替换頁六、發明說明：【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本發明涉及一種太陽能集熱器。【先前技術】 [0002] 隨著現代工業和社會的發展，人類社會對於資源和能源的依賴日益加強。而眾所周知，地球上的資源和能源係有限的，故於各種經濟、政治、科學研究活動中，資源和能源的問題成了首要問題。而由於部分資源可以通過一些人為的過程加以回收再利用，因此，能源的問題更為突出。太陽能係人類可以利用的最豐富的能源，也係最廉價的，最潔淨的，最有發展前途的能源。太陽能電池和太陽能集熱器係直接利用和吸收太陽能的主要方式。與太陽能電池相比較，太陽能集熱器的效率較高，遠高於其他太陽能利用的方式。但目前太陽能集熱器由於受結構和材料等方面的因素局限，應用範圍和領域還比較窄。1378217 July 19, 101 nuclear replacement page VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] [0001] The present invention relates to a solar collector. [Prior Art] [0002] With the development of modern industry and society, human society is increasingly dependent on resources and energy. As we all know, the resources and energy systems on the earth are limited. Therefore, in various economic, political and scientific research activities, the problems of resources and energy have become the primary issues. And because some of the resources can be recycled through some artificial processes, the energy problem is even more prominent. Solar energy is the most abundant energy available to humans, and it is also the cheapest, cleanest, and most promising source of energy. Solar cells and solar collectors are the primary means of directly utilizing and absorbing solar energy. Compared with solar cells, solar collectors are more efficient than other solar energy sources. However, current solar collectors are limited by the structure and materials, and the application range and field are still narrow.

[0003] 目前廣泛應用的太陽能集熱器分為太陽能管式集熱器（請參見“真空管太陽能家用熱水器及其東西向和南北向放置的比較”，太陽能學報，吳家慶等，vol9， p396-405( 1 988))和太陽能板式集熱器兩種。請參閱圖 1，為先前技術中太陽能管式集熱器300，包含一放置於地面上的座體30、一裝設於該座體30—側的儲水桶32、及連接所述座體30另一側與所述儲水桶32之間的真空吸熱管34。當該真空吸熱管34接收到太陽能後，利用冷水比熱水比重大的原理，而產生冷水下流、熱水上升現象 Ο·624产單編號A0101 第3頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 1378217 [0004] [0005] [ϊόΐ年07月19日梭正钥碎] ，進而使所述真空吸熱管34内的液體達到自然對流循環加熱，具有良好的保溫性。然而，當太陽光照射到所述真空吸熱管34時，會因該真空吸熱管34的圓管曲線排布，ia成有效集熱面積變小。而且，所述真空吸熱管Μ的内側會生成水垢，故需要定期清潔、保養，以維持良好的熱傳導效率，不但費時而且費力。太陽能板式餘H的現克服了所述太陽能管式集熱器 300中出現的問題。請參閱圖2，先前技術中的太陽能板式集熱盗500包含一上基板5〇、一下基板52、邊框支架 56和複數個支撐物58。其中，所述上基板5〇為一透光基板，由玻璃、塑膠等透明材料製成。下基板52為一吸熱板，由銅、鋁合金（優選防銹鋁）、不銹鋼、鋅等材料製成。所述上基板5〇和下基板52構成一空腔6〇，該空腔 60的兩侧設有邊框支架56 ^所述上基板5〇和下基板52之間設置有複數個支撐物58。然而，為防止所述下基板52於製備的過程中被氧化，該下基板52需要於較高的真空絕熱環境下進行製備，並要加熱到較高的溫度，生產工藝複雜。因此，使得下基板 52的製備過程中的成本較高’從而相應地使得所述太陽能板式集熱器500的成本較高，不適於大面積普及推廣應用。另外，所述太陽能板式集熱器5〇〇中下基板52本身也作為吸熱層，故下基板52材料的選擇受到限制.，必須係吸熱材料，而採用銅、鋁合金等吸熱材料製成的下基板 52，由於s玄下基板52的吸熱表面積較小同時對太陽光的反射較大，故，對太陽能的轉化效率較低。第4頁/共18頁〇97丨1624产單編號A0101 1013277049-0 Ϊ378217 [0006] 101年.07月19日修正替換頁有鑒於此’提供一種具有較高的轉化效率且下基板材料的選擇不受限制的太陽能集熱器實為必要。【發明内容】種太陽能集熱器包括_上基板、—下基板、一吸熱層、一邊框支架和複數個支撐物。所述上基板和所述下基板相對設置。所述邊框支架設置於所述上基板和下基板之間。所述上基板、下基板及邊框支架共同構成一空腔。所述吸熱層設置於所述下基板位於所述空腔内的上表面。所述複數個支偉&間隔地設置於所述空腔内，並分別與所述上基板和吸熱層相接觸。所述吸熱層為一奈米碳管複合材料層’所述奈米碳管複合材料層包括複數奈米碳官’所述複數奈米碳管吸收太陽光並將吸收的太陽光轉化為熱能。 _8]與先前技術相比較’所述太陽能集熱器具有以下優點：其一，由於奈米碳管具有良好的吸熱性，故，採用奈米碳管複合㈣層作吸熱層，可提高太陽能錢器對太陽 Φ 能的能量轉化效率，對太陽能吸收均勻。其二，由於採用奈米碳管複合材料層作為吸熱層，故下基板材料的選擇不受限制。【實施方式】圃以下縣合_詳細說明本技術方案太陽能集熱器。 _料閱圖3及圖4，本技術方案實施例提供—種太陽能集熱器100包括一上基板10、一下基板12、一吸熱層14、一邊框支架16和複數個支撐物18。所述上基板1〇和所述下基板12相對設置。所述邊框支架16設置於所述上基板額1624#單編號A〇101 第5頁/共18頁 ^ 1013277049-0 1378217 101年07月19日修正替換頁 10和下基板12之間。所述上基板10、下基板12及邊框支架16共同構成一空腔20。所述吸熱層14設置於位於所述空腔20内的所述下基板12的上表面121。所述複數個支撐物18間隔地設置於所述空腔20内，並分別與所述上基板 10和吸熱層14相接觸。所述吸熱層14包括一奈米碳管複合材料層。[0003] Currently widely used solar collectors are divided into solar tube collectors (please refer to "vacuum tube solar home water heaters and their east-west and north-south direction comparison", Journal of Solar Energy, Wu Jiaqing, etc., vol9, p396- 405 (1 988)) and solar panel collectors. Referring to FIG. 1 , a solar tube collector 300 of the prior art includes a seat body 30 placed on the ground, a water storage tank 32 mounted on the side of the seat body 30 , and a connecting body 30 . A vacuum heat absorbing tube 34 between the other side and the water storage tank 32. When the vacuum heat absorbing tube 34 receives the solar energy, the cold water flow and the hot water rise phenomenon are generated by the principle that the cold water is more important than the hot water. Ο·624 production order number A0101 Page 3 / 18 pages 1013277049-0 1378217 [0004 [0005] [September 19th of the following year, the shuttle is broken], and the liquid in the vacuum heat absorbing tube 34 is heated to natural convection circulation, and has good heat preservation property. However, when the sunlight is irradiated to the vacuum heat absorbing tube 34, the circular tube curve of the vacuum heat absorbing tube 34 is arranged, and the effective heat collecting area of the ia becomes small. Moreover, the inside of the vacuum heat absorbing tube generates scale, so regular cleaning and maintenance are required to maintain good heat transfer efficiency, which is time consuming and laborious. The solar panel type residual H now overcomes the problems that arise in the solar tube collector 300. Referring to FIG. 2, the solar panel collector 500 of the prior art includes an upper substrate 5, a lower substrate 52, a frame holder 56, and a plurality of supports 58. The upper substrate 5 is a transparent substrate and is made of a transparent material such as glass or plastic. The lower substrate 52 is a heat absorbing plate made of a material such as copper, aluminum alloy (preferably rust-proof aluminum), stainless steel, zinc or the like. The upper substrate 5A and the lower substrate 52 form a cavity 6B. Both sides of the cavity 60 are provided with a frame holder 56. A plurality of supports 58 are disposed between the upper substrate 5A and the lower substrate 52. However, in order to prevent the lower substrate 52 from being oxidized during the preparation process, the lower substrate 52 needs to be prepared in a higher vacuum adiabatic environment and heated to a higher temperature, and the production process is complicated. Therefore, the cost in the preparation process of the lower substrate 52 is made higher, thereby correspondingly making the cost of the solar panel collector 500 high, which is not suitable for popularizing a large-area application. In addition, the solar panel type collector 5 〇〇 middle and lower substrate 52 itself also serves as a heat absorbing layer, so the selection of the material of the lower substrate 52 is limited. It must be made of heat absorbing material and made of heat absorbing materials such as copper and aluminum alloy. The lower substrate 52 has a low heat absorption surface area and a large reflection of sunlight, so that the conversion efficiency to solar energy is low. Page 4 of 18 〇97丨1624 Production Order No. A0101 1013277049-0 Ϊ378217 [0006] 101 years. July 19th revised replacement page in view of this 'provides a choice of a higher conversion efficiency and lower substrate material Unrestricted solar collectors are necessary. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A solar collector includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a heat absorbing layer, a frame support, and a plurality of supports. The upper substrate and the lower substrate are disposed opposite each other. The frame bracket is disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The upper substrate, the lower substrate and the frame support together form a cavity. The heat absorbing layer is disposed on an upper surface of the lower substrate within the cavity. The plurality of swells are disposed in the cavity at intervals and are in contact with the upper substrate and the heat absorbing layer, respectively. The heat absorbing layer is a carbon nanotube composite layer. The carbon nanotube composite layer includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes absorb sunlight and convert absorbed sunlight into heat. _8] Compared with the prior art, the solar collector has the following advantages: First, since the carbon nanotube has good heat absorption, the carbon nanotube composite (four) layer is used as the heat absorbing layer to increase the solar energy. The energy conversion efficiency of the solar energy to the solar energy is uniform to the solar energy. Second, since the carbon nanotube composite material layer is used as the heat absorbing layer, the selection of the material of the lower substrate is not limited. [Embodiment] The following solar cell collectors will be described in detail. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a solar collector 100 including an upper substrate 10, a lower substrate 12, a heat absorbing layer 14, a frame support 16, and a plurality of supports 18. The upper substrate 1A and the lower substrate 12 are disposed opposite to each other. The frame holder 16 is disposed on the upper substrate. The number 1624# is a single number A 〇 101 page 5 / 18 pages ^ 1013277049-0 1378217 The correction page 10 and the lower substrate 12 are fixed on July 19, 101. The upper substrate 10, the lower substrate 12 and the frame holder 16 together form a cavity 20. The heat absorbing layer 14 is disposed on the upper surface 121 of the lower substrate 12 located in the cavity 20. The plurality of supports 18 are disposed in the cavity 20 at intervals and are in contact with the upper substrate 10 and the heat absorbing layer 14, respectively. The heat absorbing layer 14 includes a layer of carbon nanotube composite material.

[0011] 所述上基板10為一透光基板，用於透過太陽光。該上基板10採用透明材料製成，如玻璃、塑膠、透明陶瓷、高分子透明材料等。所述上基板10的厚度為100微米〜5毫米，優選為3毫米。所述上基板10的形狀不限，可以係三角形、六邊形、四邊形等，可依據需求製成任意形狀。 [0012] 所述下基板12與上基板10相對設置。該下基板12為一集熱基板，用於收集並傳遞太陽光的能量。該下基板12可採用玻璃製成，或者採用導熱性能較好的材料製成，如鋅、鋁或者不銹鋼等。所述下基板12的厚度為100微米〜5 毫米，優選為3毫米。所述下基板12的形狀不限，可以係三角形、六邊形、四邊形等，可依據需求製成任意形狀 [0013] 所述邊框支架16可採用玻璃等材料製成。所述邊框支架 16的高度為100微米〜500微米，優選為150微米~250微米。 [0014] 所述空腔20内為真空絕熱環境，抑制空氣的自然對流，從而減少所述太陽能集熱器100中對流換熱的損失，起到保溫作用，從而大大提高所述太陽能集熱器100的熱效率 09711624脊單编號 A〇101 第6頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 Ϊ378217 101年07月19日按正替换頁。另外，所述空腔20内也可以不採取真空的環境，可以於所述空腔20中填充一種能夠透光且保溫的間隔層（圖未示），該間隔層填充整個空腔，可以由透明的泡沫型材料如耐熱塑膠製成，也可以採用一些導熱效果較差的氣體如氮氣充當間隔層。 [0015] 所述吸熱層14包括一奈米碳管複合材料層，該奈米碳管複合材料層包括複數個奈米碳管和黑色不透光材料。該黑色不透光材料為碳顆粒或者石墨乳等。該奈米碳管於所述奈米碳管複合材料層中無序排列且均勻分佈。所述奈米碳管複合材料層中奈米碳管的質量百分含量為80%以上，黑色不选光材料的質量百分含量為20%以下。 [0016] 本實施例中所述吸熱層14的製備方法包括以下步驟： [0017] 首先，提供一奈米碳管漿料。所述奈米碳管漿料包括奈米碳管、黑色不透光材料及有機載體。本實施例優選50% 的奈米碳管、20%的碳顆粒及30%的有機載體。所述有機載體包括作為主要溶劑的松油醇、作為增塑劑的少量f 位苯二曱酸二丁酯及作為穩定劑的少量乙基纖維素。將各成份按比例混合後，可通過超聲震盪的方法使各成份於漿料中均勻分散而得到均勻穩定的漿料。 [0018] 然後將上述奈米碳管漿料通過絲網印刷或者直接塗布方法涂覆於位於所述空腔20内的所述下基板12的上表面121 ，並去除奈米碳管漿料中的有機載體，形成所述吸熱層 14。去除有機載體可以用烘乾或者自然晾乾的方法。 [0019] 所述奈米碳管複合材料層中奈米碳管可為單壁奈米碳管 09711624^^^^ A0101 第7頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 1378217 101年07月19日按正替換頁[0011] The upper substrate 10 is a light transmissive substrate for transmitting sunlight. The upper substrate 10 is made of a transparent material such as glass, plastic, transparent ceramic, high molecular transparent material or the like. The upper substrate 10 has a thickness of 100 μm to 5 mm, preferably 3 mm. The shape of the upper substrate 10 is not limited, and may be a triangular shape, a hexagonal shape, a quadrangular shape or the like, and may be formed into an arbitrary shape as required. [0012] The lower substrate 12 is disposed opposite to the upper substrate 10. The lower substrate 12 is a heat collecting substrate for collecting and transmitting energy of sunlight. The lower substrate 12 may be made of glass or made of a material having good thermal conductivity such as zinc, aluminum or stainless steel. The lower substrate 12 has a thickness of 100 μm to 5 mm, preferably 3 mm. The shape of the lower substrate 12 is not limited, and may be a triangle, a hexagon, a quadrangle, etc., and may be formed into any shape according to requirements. [0013] The frame holder 16 may be made of a material such as glass. The height of the bezel support 16 is from 100 micrometers to 500 micrometers, preferably from 150 micrometers to 250 micrometers. [0014] The cavity 20 is a vacuum insulation environment, which suppresses the natural convection of the air, thereby reducing the loss of convective heat transfer in the solar heat collector 100, and maintaining the heat preservation effect, thereby greatly improving the solar heat collector. The thermal efficiency of 100 is valid, and the number of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity. In addition, the cavity 20 may not be in a vacuum environment, and the cavity 20 may be filled with a spacer layer (not shown) capable of transmitting light and being insulated. The spacer layer fills the entire cavity and may be Transparent foam-type materials such as heat-resistant plastics can also be used as a spacer layer by using a less thermally conductive gas such as nitrogen. [0015] The heat absorbing layer 14 comprises a carbon nanotube composite layer comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes and a black opaque material. The black opaque material is carbon particles or graphite milk. The carbon nanotubes are randomly arranged and uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube composite layer. The mass percentage of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube composite layer is 80% or more, and the mass percentage of the black non-light-selecting material is 20% or less. [0016] The preparation method of the heat absorption layer 14 in this embodiment includes the following steps: [0017] First, a carbon nanotube slurry is provided. The carbon nanotube slurry comprises a carbon nanotube, a black opaque material, and an organic vehicle. This embodiment is preferably 50% carbon nanotubes, 20% carbon particles and 30% organic vehicle. The organic vehicle includes terpineol as a main solvent, a small amount of dibutyl benzoate as a plasticizer, and a small amount of ethyl cellulose as a stabilizer. After the components are mixed in proportion, the components can be uniformly dispersed in the slurry by ultrasonic vibration to obtain a uniform and stable slurry. [0018] The above carbon nanotube slurry is then applied to the upper surface 121 of the lower substrate 12 located in the cavity 20 by screen printing or direct coating method, and removed in the carbon nanotube slurry. The organic carrier forms the heat absorbing layer 14. The organic carrier can be removed by drying or naturally drying. [0019] The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube composite layer may be single-walled carbon nanotubes 09711624^^^^ A0101 Page 7 / 18 pages 1013277049-0 1378217 101 July 19 Replacement page

、雙壁奈米碳管或者多壁奈米碳管。當奈米碳管複合材料層中的奈米碳管為單壁奈米碳管時，該單壁奈米碳管的直徑為0. 5奈米-50奈米。當奈米碳管複合材料層中的奈米碳管為雙壁奈米碳管時，該雙壁奈米碳管的直徑為 1. 0奈米〜50奈米。當奈米碳管複合材料層中的奈米碳管為多壁奈米碳管時，該多壁奈米碳管的直徑為1. 5奈米〜50奈米。所述奈米碳管複合材料層包括黑色的奈米材料即奈米碳管，奈米碳管具有良好的吸光特性和導熱率高的優異特性，故，所述奈米碳管複合材料層對於太陽光有較好的吸收特性。且通過絲網印刷或者直接塗布方法 I 就可製成奈米碳管複合材料層，製備方法簡單，成本較低，適於大面積普及推廣應用。所述太陽能集熱器100中吸熱層14對太陽光的吸收效率隨吸熱層14厚度的增加而增加，即所述吸熱層14的厚度越厚，對於太陽光的吸收效率越高。所述吸熱層14的厚度為3微米〜2毫米。, double-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes. 5纳米-50纳米。 When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotubes are a single-walled carbon nanotube, the diameter of the single-walled carbon nanotubes is 0.5 nm - 50 nm. When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube composite layer are double-walled carbon nanotubes, the diameter of the double-walled carbon nanotubes is from 1.0 nm to 50 nm. 5纳米〜50纳米。 When the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube composite layer is a multi-walled carbon nanotube, the diameter of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 1. 5 nm ~ 50 nm. The carbon nanotube composite material layer comprises a black nano material, that is, a carbon nanotube, and the carbon nanotube has good absorption characteristics and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, the carbon nanotube composite layer is Sunlight has good absorption properties. The nano carbon tube composite material layer can be prepared by screen printing or direct coating method I, and the preparation method is simple and the cost is low, and is suitable for popularization and application in a large area. The absorption efficiency of the heat absorption layer 14 in the solar heat collector 100 increases with the increase in the thickness of the heat absorption layer 14, i.e., the thicker the heat absorption layer 14, the higher the absorption efficiency for sunlight. The heat absorbing layer 14 has a thickness of 3 micrometers to 2 millimeters.

[0020] 所述複數個支撐物18用於抵抗大氣壓力，加強所述太陽能集熱器100的牢固性。所述支撐物18的高度和所述邊框支架16的高度相同。所述支撐物18係由吸熱性較弱的材料製成，如玻璃。該支撐物18的形狀不限，可以為小珠狀或者細絲狀等。 [0021] 所述太陽能集熱器100為一平板型結構。另外，所述太陽能集熱器100還可製成其他的各種形狀，比如柱面、球面等多種曲面形式。所述太陽能集熱器100可以廣泛應用於建築結構的外牆上，從而實現為建築物内部的供暖。所述太陽能集熱器100的上基板10和下基板12可以方便地製 0971刪#單编號A0101 第8頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 1378217 101年07月19日梭正替換頁成各種形狀，起到裝飾的作用。[0020] The plurality of supports 18 serve to resist atmospheric pressure and enhance the robustness of the solar energy collector 100. The height of the support 18 is the same as the height of the bezel bracket 16. The support 18 is made of a material that is less heat absorbing, such as glass. The shape of the support 18 is not limited and may be a bead shape or a filament shape. [0021] The solar collector 100 is a flat type structure. In addition, the solar energy collector 100 can be formed into various other shapes, such as a cylindrical surface, a spherical surface, and the like. The solar collector 100 can be widely applied to the outer wall of a building structure to achieve heating of the interior of the building. The upper substrate 10 and the lower substrate 12 of the solar heat collector 100 can be conveniently made into a single shape. A single number A0101 page 8 / a total of 18 pages 1013277049-0 1378217 On July 19, 2011, the shuttle is replacing the pages into various shapes. To play the role of decoration.

[0022] 所述太陽能集熱器100進一步包括一反射層22，該反射層 22設置於所述上基板10位於空腔20内的下表面101，厚度為10奈米〜1微米。一個理想的太陽能集熱器100應能最大限度地吸收入射其表面的太陽能，而同時又要盡可能地減少其自身的輕射熱損，這樣才可能最大程度地將太陽能轉化為熱能。即，所述太陽能集熱器100於可見光及近紅外光波段反射率低即吸收比高，而於中、遠紅外光波段反射率高即發射率低。這就需要於所述太陽能集熱器100内設置一反射層22。該反射層22為一紅外反射層，如氧化銦錫薄膜或者一奈米碳管結構。該奈米碳管結構包括無序奈米碳管層、有序奈米碳管層或者奈米碳管複合材料層。所述反射層22對於可見光及近紅外光係透明的，具有非常好的透過可見光及近紅外光、並反射中、[0022] The solar collector 100 further includes a reflective layer 22 disposed on the lower surface 101 of the upper substrate 10 in the cavity 20, having a thickness of 10 nm to 1 μm. An ideal solar collector 100 should be able to absorb the solar energy incident on its surface to the greatest extent, while at the same time reducing its own light heat loss as much as possible, so that the maximum conversion of solar energy into heat can be achieved. That is, the solar collector 100 has a low reflectance in the visible light and near-infrared light bands, that is, a high absorption ratio, and a high reflectance in the middle and far infrared light bands, that is, a low emissivity. This requires a reflective layer 22 to be disposed within the solar collector 100. The reflective layer 22 is an infrared reflective layer such as an indium tin oxide film or a carbon nanotube structure. The carbon nanotube structure includes a disordered carbon nanotube layer, an ordered carbon nanotube layer or a carbon nanotube composite layer. The reflective layer 22 is transparent to visible light and near-infrared light, and has excellent transmission of visible light and near-infrared light, and is reflected,

遠紅外光的特點，從而可以減少所述太陽能集熱器100對太陽能能量的輻射損失，增大該太陽能集熱器100對太陽叙的能量轉化效率。所述反射層22和所述吸熱層14可以均為奈米碳管結構，但所述反射層2 2的厚度比所述吸熱層14的厚度小，以保證大部分可見光及近紅外光透過該反射層22。 [0023] 進一步，還可以將一循環液流層24設置於所述太陽能集熱器100的下基板12的下表面122，如將溫度較低的水或者乙二醇等液體作為循環液。所述太陽能集熱器100可以直接把水加熱作為熱水使用，或者將熱量帶走作為其他的應用，比如海水淡化、製冷、發電等。 097Π624#單編號施01 第9頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 1378217 101年07月19日梭正替換頁 [0024] 所述太陽能集熱器100於太陽光透過所述透光的上基板10 後照射到所述吸熱層14。由於該吸熱層14包括黑色的奈米材料即奈米碳管，所述吸熱層14對於太陽光的可見光及近紅外光波段都具有比較好的吸收，轉變為熱能，然後通過所述集熱的下基板12將熱能傳給所述循環液流層 24。由於吸熱層14中的奈米碳管具有穩定性好和導熱率高的優異特性，可提高吸熱層14將熱能傳給所述循環液流層24的效率。另外，所述吸熱層14吸收太陽能後溫度升高，而後吸熱層14作為一熱源也會向外轄射熱量。所述反射層22的設置可將這部分熱輻射反射回所述空腔20 内，可以減少所述太陽能集熱器100的熱量散失，進一步提高所述太陽能集熱器100的工作效率。The characteristics of the far-infrared light can reduce the radiation loss of the solar energy collector 100 to the solar energy, and increase the energy conversion efficiency of the solar collector 100 to the solar energy. The reflective layer 22 and the heat absorbing layer 14 may both be carbon nanotube structures, but the thickness of the reflective layer 22 is smaller than the thickness of the heat absorbing layer 14 to ensure that most of visible light and near infrared light pass through the Reflective layer 22. Further, a circulating liquid flow layer 24 may be disposed on the lower surface 122 of the lower substrate 12 of the solar thermal collector 100, such as a liquid having a lower temperature or a liquid such as ethylene glycol as a circulating liquid. The solar collector 100 can directly use water as hot water or take heat away for other applications such as seawater desalination, refrigeration, power generation, and the like. 097Π624#单号施01 Page 9/18 pages 1013277049-0 1378217 July 19th, 2011 Shuttle replacement page [0024] The solar collector 100 after the sunlight passes through the transparent upper substrate 10 The heat absorbing layer 14 is irradiated. Since the heat absorbing layer 14 comprises a black nano material, that is, a carbon nanotube, the heat absorbing layer 14 has a relatively good absorption for visible light and a near-infrared light band of sunlight, and is converted into heat energy, and then passes through the heat collecting body. The lower substrate 12 transfers thermal energy to the circulating fluid layer 24. Since the carbon nanotubes in the heat absorbing layer 14 have excellent characteristics of good stability and high thermal conductivity, the efficiency at which the heat absorbing layer 14 transfers thermal energy to the circulating liquid layer 24 can be improved. In addition, the heat absorbing layer 14 absorbs solar energy and the temperature rises, and the heat absorbing layer 14 acts as a heat source to administer heat to the outside. The arrangement of the reflective layer 22 can reflect this portion of the thermal radiation back into the cavity 20, which can reduce the heat loss of the solar heat collector 100, further improving the working efficiency of the solar thermal collector 100.

[0025] 所述太陽能集熱器具有以下優點：其一，由於奈米碳管具有良好的吸熱性，故，採用奈米碳管複合材料層作吸熱層，可提高太陽能集熱器對太陽能的能量轉化效率，對太陽能吸收均勻。其二，由於採用奈米碳管複合材料層作為吸熱層，故下基板材料的選擇不受限制。 [0026] 綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍内。【圖式簡單說明】 [0027] 圖1係先前技術中的太陽能管式集熱器的結構示意圖。 [0028] 圖2係先前技術中的太陽能板式集熱器的結構示意圖。 Q97U624产單编號A0101 第10頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 Ϊ378217 101年07月19日梭正替換頁 [0029] 圖3係本技術方案實施例的太陽能集熱器的側視結構示意圖。 [0030] 圖4係本技術方案實施例的太陽能集熱器的俯視結構示意圖。【主要元件符號說明】 [0031] 上基板：10，50 [0032] 太陽能集熱器：100 [0033] 上基板的下表面：101[0025] The solar collector has the following advantages: First, since the carbon nanotube has good heat absorption, the carbon nanotube composite layer is used as the heat absorption layer, and the solar collector can be improved for solar energy. Energy conversion efficiency, uniform absorption of solar energy. Second, since the carbon nanotube composite layer is used as the heat absorbing layer, the selection of the material of the lower substrate is not limited. In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent application is filed according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art to the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0027] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar tube type collector in the prior art. 2 is a schematic structural view of a solar panel type collector in the prior art. Q97U624 Production Order No. A0101 Page 10 of 18 1013277049-0 Ϊ378217 July 19, 2011 Shuttle Replacement Page [0029] FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a solar collector of an embodiment of the present technical solution. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a solar collector of an embodiment of the present technical solution. [Main component symbol description] [0031] Upper substrate: 10, 50 [0032] Solar collector: 100 [0033] Lower surface of the upper substrate: 101

[0034] 下基板：12，5.2 [0035] 下基板的上表面：121 [0036] 下基板的下表面：122 [0037] 吸熱層：14 [0038] 邊框支架：16, 56 [0039] 支撐物：18，58[0034] Lower substrate: 12, 5.2 [0035] Upper surface of lower substrate: 121 [0036] Lower surface of lower substrate: 122 [0037] Heat absorbing layer: 14 [0038] Frame bracket: 16, 56 [0039] Support :18,58

[0040] 空腔：20，60 [0041] 反射層：22 [0042] 循環液流層：24 [0043] 座體：3 0 [0044] 儲水桶：32 [0045] 真空吸熱管：34 09711624^料號 A〇101 第11頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 1378217 101年07月19日修正替換頁 [0046] 太陽能管式集熱器：300 [0047] 太陽能板式集熱器：500Cavity: 20, 60 [0041] Reflective layer: 22 [0042] Circulating flow layer: 24 [0043] Seat: 3 0 [0044] Water storage tank: 32 [0045] Vacuum heat absorption tube: 34 09711624^ Part No. A〇101 Page 11/Total 18 Page 1013277049-0 1378217 Modified on July 19, 2011 Corrected Replacement Page [0046] Solar Tube Collector: 300 [0047] Solar Panel Collector: 500

09711624#單编號 A〇101 第12頁/共18頁 1013277049-009711624#单号 A〇101 Page 12 of 18 1013277049-0

Claims

Ϊ378217 101年07月19日梭正替換頁七、申請專利範圍： 1 . 一種太陽能集熱器，其包括：一上基板；一下基板，該下基板與所述上基板相對設置；一邊框支架，該邊框支架設置於所述上基板和下基板之間，並與所述上基板和下基板共同構成一空腔；複數個支撐物，該複數個支撐物間隔地設置於所述空腔内，並分別與所述上基板和下基板相接觸；Ϊ378217 July 19, 2011 Shuttle replacement page VII, the scope of application for patents: 1. A solar collector, comprising: an upper substrate; a lower substrate, the lower substrate is opposite to the upper substrate; a frame bracket, The frame bracket is disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and forms a cavity together with the upper substrate and the lower substrate; a plurality of supports, the plurality of supports are disposed in the cavity at intervals, and Contacting the upper substrate and the lower substrate, respectively;

其改良在於，所述太陽能集熱器進一步包括一吸熱層，該吸熱層設置於下基板位於所述空腔内的上表面，該吸熱層包括一奈米碳管複合材料層，所述奈米碳管複合材料層包括複數奈米碳管，所述複數奈米碳管吸收太陽光並將吸收的太陽光轉化為熱釦。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述奈米碳管複合材料層包括黑色不透光材料。The improvement is that the solar collector further comprises a heat absorbing layer disposed on an upper surface of the lower substrate in the cavity, the heat absorbing layer comprising a carbon nanotube composite layer, the nano layer The carbon tube composite layer includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes that absorb sunlight and convert the absorbed sunlight into a heat buckle. 2. The solar collector of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube composite layer comprises a black opaque material.

3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述奈米碳管複合材料層中奈米碳管的質量百分含量為80%以上，黑色不透光材料的質量百分含量為20%以下。 4. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述複數個奈米碳管於所述奈米碳管複合材料層中無序排列且均勻分佈。 5. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述黑色不透光材料為碳顆粒或者石墨乳。 6 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述吸熱層的厚度為3微米~2毫米。隱廳^單編號A0101 第13頁/共18頁 1013277049-0 i 1378217 卜01年正替換頁I 7·如申請專利範圍第1項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述太陽此集熱器進-步包括—遠紅外光反射層該遠紅外光反射層設置於所述上基板位於空腔内的下表面。 - 8 ·如申請專利範圍第7項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述 . 遠紅外光反射層的厚度為10奈米〜丨微米。 9.如申請專利範圍第7項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述遠紅外光反射層為氡化銦錫薄膜或者奈米碳管結構β 10.如申請專利範圍第9項所述的太陽能集熱器其中，所述奈米碳管結構包括無序奈米碳管層、有序奈米碳管詹或者奈米碳管複合材料層。 · 11 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述上基板的材料為玻璃、塑膠、透明陶瓷或者高分子透明材料，該上基板的厚度為100微米'5毫米。 12.如申凊專利範圍第丨項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述下基板的材料為玻璃、鋅 '鋁或者不銹鋼，該下基板的厚度為100微米~5毫米。 13 .如申凊專利範圍第1項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述邊框支架的材料為玻璃，高度為1()()微米〜㈣微米。 # 14 .如申凊專利範圍第1項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，所述支撐物的材料為破璃，形狀為小珠狀或者細絲狀。 15 ·如申請專利範圍第丨項所述的太陽能集熱器，其中，該太陽旎集熱器進一步包括一間隔層，該間隔層填充於所述太陽能集熱器的空腔中，材料為塑膠或者氮氣。 09711624#單编號AO!〇l 第14頁/共18頁、 1013277049-0 J3. The solar collector according to claim 2, wherein the carbon nanotube composite material layer has a mass percentage of carbon nanotubes of 80% or more and a black opaque material. The percentage is 20% or less. 4. The solar collector according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes are disorderly arranged and uniformly distributed in the carbon nanotube composite layer. 5. The solar thermal collector of claim 2, wherein the black opaque material is carbon particles or graphite milk. 6. The solar collector of claim 1, wherein the heat absorbing layer has a thickness of from 3 micrometers to 2 millimeters. The solar collector according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the sun is collected by the sun, is a solar collector according to the first aspect of the invention. The step further comprises: a far infrared light reflecting layer, wherein the far infrared light reflecting layer is disposed on a lower surface of the upper substrate located in the cavity. The solar collector according to claim 7, wherein the far infrared light reflecting layer has a thickness of 10 nm to 丨 micrometer. 9. The solar collector according to claim 7, wherein the far-infrared light reflecting layer is an indium antimonide film or a carbon nanotube structure β. 10 is as described in claim 9 Solar collectors wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises a disordered carbon nanotube layer, an ordered carbon nanotube or a carbon nanotube composite layer. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the upper substrate is made of glass, plastic, transparent ceramic or polymer transparent material, and the upper substrate has a thickness of 100 μm '5 mm. . 12. The solar collector of claim 3, wherein the material of the lower substrate is glass, zinc 'aluminum or stainless steel, and the lower substrate has a thickness of 100 micrometers to 5 millimeters. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the frame holder is made of glass and has a height of 1 () (micrometers) to (four) micrometers. The solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the material of the support is a glass, and the shape is a bead or a filament. The solar collector according to claim 2, wherein the solar collector further comprises a spacer layer filled in a cavity of the solar collector, the material being plastic Or nitrogen. 09711624#单号AO!〇l Page 14 of 18, 1013277049-0 J