TWI307365B - Method for manufacturing metallic iron - Google Patents

Description

• 1307365 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於藉加熱和使用碳質還原劑（如，焦炭）還 原鐵來源(如，鐵礦)以製造金屬鐵的技巧之改良，更特別 地，本發明係關於有效率地製造具有預定碳濃度的金屬鐵 之技5 it技巧中’氧化鐵經還原且同時滲碳，且藉此製 得之金屬鐵有效率地自形成料的組份（其以尾礦（脈石、 廢石）組份的形式混於像是原始礦石中）分離。 Φ 【先前技術】 專利文件1 : 專利文件2 : 專利文件3 : 專利文件4 : 非專利文件1 pp.2033 至 2039 曰本未審查的專利申請案第9-256017號 曰本未審查的專利申請案第10-147806號 曰本未審查的專利申請案第2〇〇〇_45〇〇8號 曰本未審查的專利申請案第2005-48197號 :ISIJ International, Vol.44 (2〇〇4), No.l2• 1307365 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in techniques for producing iron metal by heating and using a carbonaceous reducing agent (e.g., coke) to reduce iron sources (e.g., iron ore), In particular, the present invention relates to a group of efficiently producing metal iron having a predetermined carbon concentration, in which the iron oxide is reduced and simultaneously carburized, and the metal iron thus obtained is efficiently self-formed. Part (which is mixed in the form of tailings (gangue, waste rock) in the form of raw ore). Φ [Prior Art] Patent Document 1: Patent Document 2: Patent Document 3: Patent Document 4: Non-Patent Document 1 pp. 2033 to 2039 Unexamined Patent Application No. 9-256017 Unexamined Patent Application Unexamined Patent Application No. 2005-48197: ISIJ International, Vol. 44 (2〇〇4) ), No.l2

本發明的發明者 作為新類型之直接製 别述製鐵方法之研究 之一 &出揭示於專利文件1 造鐵的方法，之後亦進行了 中之方法 用以改良 此方法係藉由加敎和衰周冬 原粗、θ八⑽ …和逦原3有奴質還原劑和氧化鐵 原U物而製造金屬鐵之技巧。此方 自於碏晳.萝s τ 错由使用源 、貝還原蜊之逛原性氣體將氧化鐵加以還 生長金屬鐵嘹之後、隹^ 還原而形成和 又之後，進一步在固態中進行此 到氧化鐵實質上不存在於金屬鐵殼内部為h 2應’直 連續加熱以使熔潰(其於内部產生)熔潰流出金屬鐵步 6 1307365 使得金屬鐵與熔渣分離。 進行前述方法時，藉由加熱和還原而使形成的金屬鐵 殼熔化，存在於金屬鐵殼内部之熔渣會流出。為使金屬鐵 殼熔化，可藉由使得存在於金屬鐵殼内部之源自碳質還原 劑的碳溶解於金屬鐵中，而降低金屬鐵殼的熔點（有時將此 現象稱為”滲碳作用，，）。 此方法中，熔渣流至金屬鐵殼外之後，藉此而得的金 屬鐵和產生的溶渣於之後冷卻和固化，而可以使用磁分離 态或師網，於熔渣研磨的同時，將固化成顆粒形式的金屬 鐵加以刀離，或者，固化的金屬鐵和產生的熔渣可藉加熱 而溶化，之後利用t匕重差而加以分離。結果可得至“純度㈨ 質量％或以上或98質量％或以上）的金屬鐵。 此外關於藉由控制所產生之熔渣的組成而增進金屬 鐵之分離(此用於實施前述直接製鐵法時），已提出 案。 例如，專利文件2中揭示自含有Fe〇的低炼點㈣分 離粒狀金屬鐵的m中’鋼廠廢料作為氧化鐵來源並 與碳質還原劑（下文巾有時稱為，，碳諸料”）和額外的原料 (形鑛查的物劑)混合’以將產生的㈣組成調整為 Ca〇/Sl〇2質篁比（驗度）在u至16的範圍内，之後加熱 至1，250至1，350。。’以還原而形成粒狀金屬鐵。 但是’此方法係使用㈣廢料作為氧化鐵來源之方法。 此外，在原料混合時調整此方法中所用之形成料的組份 之驗度’但未曾充分研究加熱和還原中所產生之炫… 7 ^07365 中所含的氧化鐵的行為。 此外，專利文件3中 之形成_組份之驗度控=料中 。⑽二 和還原時間是在控制於_至⑶。 熔化此細、、'丁 “鐵的還原程度為4〇%至80%，之後 ’谷化此經遏原的產物。 傻 原料混在一起時，此 進行。然@，藉此方法’ *人所用的驗度調整係藉計算 原的氧化鐵對於熔、、査"斗 付甲所3之未被還 Μ ‘ 生、熔渣中所含的氧化鐵的動力 子氧化鐵對於藉還原反應製得之金屬鐵的炼 化狀恶之影響等等類似的問題。 此外’本發明之發明者進一步致力於深入研究，其結 2專利文件4中所揭示的技巧。該發明的基本概念在於： 藉由加熱和還原含有碳質還原劑和氧化鐵的原料混合 物’猎控制在多組份料（其於原料混合物的ϋ原反應和 溶化中產生’且其含有尾礦組份）之固體—液體共存相中 的液體部分而製得金屬鐵時，有助於固態金屬鐵之滲碳作 用和熔化。特別地，此技巧的特徵在於：除了控制金屬鐵 的熔化溫度以外’控制所要製得之金屬鐵的碳含量（即碳 浪度’下文中有時會使用與前述相同的表示方式）。 然而’當藉此方法控制固體一液體共存態中的熔渣之 液體部分時’操作變得複雜，此述於下文中。即必須事先 知運原料混合物中所含之形成熔渣的組份之液體部分與溫 度和/或組成之間的關係，且須調整混入熔渣中之原始氧 1307365 化鐵組份的量及碳質還原劑中之灰組份的量，此外，亦須 调整母當需要而額外添加之形成熔渣之組份的添加量。因 此，藉由進一步改良此方法，希望能發展出可藉由較簡單 的操作而有效率地製造具有目標碳濃度之金屬鐵之方法。 此外，為了瞭解鐵在鼓風爐中之碳化現象，本發明的 發明者之一致力於氧化鐵於熔潰存在時之還原反應及藉還 原反應製得並藉滲碳作用而炼化碳的生鐵（Fe_c)之動力學 行為之深入基礎研究，社类上双杳丁方丨工日备 一 、、、°果證實下列現象，這些現象並揭 示於非專利文件1中。 此非專利案文件1係關於氧化鐵於鼓風爐中之還原反 應及藉還原反應智媒 >、菩 … 還原的鐵（金屬鐵）之滲碳行為。此 文件中，如圖i所示者，在所揭示的行為中， 在熔渣（S)中被碳質材料 （e ) (叫切碳。特別地’料⑻中的氧 ^ =原_碳質材料，G)的碳(c)還原且渗碳 ，的溶鐵叫據此，與碳質材料接觸之而製：參 满低，且與還原鐵接 -中的㈣ 此，經滲碳的熔…… -^Fe〇辰度不同。因 動；因此，盆铕, 、雕厌頁材枓的方向移 ，、迅速朝向固態經還原的鐵^ 並黏著於其上而形成e)的方向移動 秋而，火土 A 從U L之還原鐵滲碳〇 尚未瞭解前述在鼓風爐 改良本發明之發的現象可以如何用以 r癸明由的前述直接製鐵技巧。 【發明内容】 7 考慮則述情況而構祁 。出本發明，且本發明的目的是要 9 1307365 提供製鐵法，相較於本發明之發明 4 Φ糾x饮 < 别返專利文件 不的直接製鐵法，其操作效能和操作效率更佳。 亦即，本發明係一種自含有碳質還原 的材料之原判_ .日入此朝* j和3有氧化鐵 ^原科…物製化金屬鐵之方法，前述方法具 決定初始熔渣形成之目-，、σ ’ 目標瑞〜…度（此對應於金屬鐵之預定 /辰又，该初始熔渣含有尾礦組份、 择 鐵和碳皙# /§ Μ Λ + 還原的乳化 I質還原劑中之灰份，且為首次藉由加 而在原料混合物中產生）的步驟； ‘、、、/…此*σ 製傷用以產生對應於目標溫度之初 料混合物的步驟；和 /-、.且成物之原 加熱此原料混合物以還原和熔 始熔渣的步驟。 Ε口物並產生初 【實施方式】 ^下文中，料細描述本發明。如前述者，本發明之最 .. Α ”，、有3虱化鐵的材料（如，鐵礦、氧 化鐵或其部分還原的物質）和碳質還原劑（如，媒氧 原料混合物，以蕻.笋盾Θ _ …、火或煤）之 岸於金屬错Φ 化而製造金屬鐵，決定對 度”，且贺偌田, 厌/辰度之形成初始熔渣之目標溫 又且I備用以產生對應於目標 合物，且於之德推一牛4為、 邳始熔渣之原料混 ν σ ”、、以形成初始熔渣；即，換士之 精由控制形成初始熔渣的溫度 、5之 量。本發明中，初始溶渔是L 传金屬鐵中的碳含 烙，査疋先在原料混合物中產生，廿人 有石廣尾組份、未祐摄眉的並各 ,^ 的聽鐵和碳質還原财的灰份。 本毛明之發明者已研究進— 步改良别迷專利文件4中 1307365 所揭示的技巧’體認到當前述非專利文件1中所揭示的現 象（即，在鼓風爐中，氧化鐵之還原反應和熔逢中之滲碳行 為）被有效地使用時，可進一步改良專利文件4中所揭示的 製鐵法。專利文件4 +所用的製鐵法中，為了要有效地於 較低溫度分離和回收高純度金屬鐵，於較低溫度熔化經還 原的固態鐵有其重要性’此外，如何有效地分離熔渣（下文 中有時稱為”副產物熔渣"，其為加熱和還原過程中產生的 Μ⑼也有其重要性m的’如何使固態還原的鐵之 滲碳作用迅速進行以使其熔化（此說明書中，有時將固態還 原的鐵因渗碳作用而炼化的現象稱為，，經還原的鐵之炼 有其重要性。 據此，本發明之發明者認為：如果使用前述非專利文 ^ 1中所揭示的技巧直接製鐵，根據前述現象，炫化之經 還原的鐵（使用㈣中之碳質材料進行還原反應之後，再= 滲碳作用製得）朝著固態金屬鐵的方向移動，且之後成— 體’則溶化之經還原的鐵可以作為錢，將石炭帶 屬鐵，而基於此假設’進一步進行研究。 ， 如已描述者，本發明的發明者之一所研發的方法（專利 :件4中所揭示者)係以副產物熔渣之液體部分和熔化 屬鐵之間的密切關係之新發為 . 、、 研發現為基礎，此方法使用新觀點 ^ ' 田彳產物炼造的固體…波辦妓左士+胤 ㉟液體共存相中的液體部分，而未 適^產㈣，全數）加以控制。根據此方法，液體部分經 可二工制牯’錯加熱和還原製得的固態金屬鐵之滲碳作用 了於較低操作溫度進行，其結果為可迅速降低其_ 2 11 1307365 外’因為藉此方法，金屬鐵之熔化可於較低溫度進行，自 剎產物熔渣的分離可以有效地於低溫進行，此外，亦能夠 控制金屬鐵的碳濃度，此碳濃度對於金屬鐵產物的品 影響大。 以前提出申請之前述發明的顯著技術特徵在於：藉加 '''還原和嫁化岫述原料混合物而製造金屬鐵時，自副產 物熔渣的狀態、製得的金屬鐵的滲碳狀態和其於含有碳質 還：劑的系統中的熔化狀態所證實的事實被有效地利用。 換口之，所利用的現象為當碳質還原劑與熔渣於炼化態— 起存在時，由具有流動性之熔渣製得之熔化的金屬鐵具 類似於載體的作用’其承載碳，且接著迅速與固態金屬鐵 的表面接觸’藉此而有效率地進行固態金屬鐵的渗碳作 用此外，藉由河述之碳質還原劑和溶渣共存，有效率 渗碳作用之促進效果不限於全數溶㈣處於㈣態之時，、 並且當適當地控制固體—液髀丘左 共存狀態中的熔渣之液體部 刀4 ’固恶金屬鐵的渗碳作用僅 甸瑪〜厌作用獲增進’並可降低熔化溫度。 此具體實例中，液體部分是指在固體和液體中（即 =才目和液相的兩相中）的實質液體部分（其於某些溫度停件 ’"於固相線和液相線之間），且藉含冑叫、 :和Mg0的多組份系統（其主要街生自原料中所3 衡關係來決定。 4 ㈣力學平 :由使用高溫雷射顯微鏡觀察原料混合 原和熔化的行為，及於之後進 枣 <仃衫像分析，可以得到關於 12 1307365 此液體部分的定量資 貧讯。但疋，意料之外地，難以準確地 控制液體部分，因為〜 也 因此，希望能進一步改良操作效能。 本發明之發明去茲+、祀1 & 雑认 者藉由冰入研究，發現到不實施比較困 、，制(如’控制熔渣(其於用於原料混合物之還原和熔 中產生’且可得自尾礦組份、未被還原的氧化鐵和 反貝還原劑的灰份）的液體部分），而當產生初始嫁逢的溫The inventors of the present invention have developed a method for producing iron by direct type discrimination as a new type. The method disclosed in Patent Document 1 for iron making is also followed by a method for improving the method by adding And the technique of making metal iron by the aging of the original, the θ8 (10) ... and the 逦原3 have the sulphide reducing agent and the original iron oxide. This side is from the 碏 . 萝 萝 τ τ 由 由 萝 萝 萝 τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ The iron oxide is substantially absent from the inside of the metal shell, and h 2 should be 'straight continuous heating to melt (which is generated internally) to melt out of the metal iron step 6 1307365 to separate the metal iron from the slag. When the above method is carried out, the formed metal shell is melted by heating and reduction, and the slag existing inside the metal shell is discharged. In order to melt the metal shell, the melting point of the metal shell can be lowered by dissolving carbon derived from the carbonaceous reducing agent present inside the metal shell in the metal iron (sometimes referred to as "carburizing" Function, in this method, after the slag flows out of the metal shell, the metal iron and the resulting slag are then cooled and solidified, and the magnetic separation state or the mesh can be used in the slag. At the same time of grinding, the metal iron solidified in the form of particles is knife-off, or the solidified metal iron and the generated slag may be melted by heating, and then separated by the weight difference of t匕. The result is obtained to "purity (nine) Metal iron of % by mass or more or 98% by mass or more. Further, it has been proposed to improve the separation of metallic iron by controlling the composition of the slag produced by the control (this is used when the direct iron making method described above is carried out). For example, Patent Document 2 discloses the separation of granular metal iron from the low-refining point (IV) containing Fe〇, which is used as a source of iron oxide and with a carbonaceous reducing agent (hereinafter sometimes referred to as carbon material). ") mixed with additional raw materials (formed minerals) to adjust the resulting (four) composition to Ca 〇 / Sl 〇 2 mass ratio (test) in the range of u to 16, then heated to 1, 250 to 1,350 . . . to form a granular metallic iron by reduction. However, this method uses (4) waste as a source of iron oxide. In addition, the composition of the forming material used in the method is adjusted during mixing of the raw materials. The degree of verification 'but did not fully study the behavior of iron oxide contained in the heating and reduction... 7 ^ 07365. In addition, the formation control of the composition in the patent document 3 = material. (10) The reduction time is controlled at _ to (3). The degree of reduction of this fine, 'butyl' iron is melted from 4% to 80%, after which the product is degraded. Stupid When the raw materials are mixed together, this is done. However, @, this method' * the degree of adjustment used by the person is calculated by the calculation of the original iron oxide for the melting, and the inspection of the "there is no repayment of the iron oxide contained in the slag" A similar problem with the effect of the kinetic iron oxide on the refining and odor of the metallic iron obtained by the reduction reaction. Further, the inventors of the present invention are further devoted to intensive research, which is the technique disclosed in Patent Document 4. The basic concept of the invention consists in: by heating and reducing a raw material mixture containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron oxide 'hunting control' in a multi-component material (which is produced in the ruthenium reaction and melting of the raw material mixture) and which contains tailings The solid-liquid coexisting of the liquid portion of the phase to produce metallic iron contributes to the carburization and melting of the solid metallic iron. In particular, this technique is characterized in that the carbon content (i.e., carbon wave degree) of the metal iron to be produced is controlled except for controlling the melting temperature of the metal iron, and the same expression as described above is sometimes used. However, the operation becomes complicated when the liquid portion of the slag in the solid-liquid coexisting state is controlled by this method, which is described later. That is, the relationship between the liquid portion of the slag-forming component contained in the raw material mixture and the temperature and/or composition must be known in advance, and the amount of the original oxygen 1307365 iron component and carbon mixed in the slag must be adjusted. The amount of the ash component in the reducing agent, in addition, the amount of the slag-forming component added as needed by the mother is also adjusted. Therefore, by further improving this method, it is desired to develop a method of efficiently producing metallic iron having a target carbon concentration by a relatively simple operation. In addition, in order to understand the carbonization phenomenon of iron in a blast furnace, one of the inventors of the present invention is directed to a reduction reaction of iron oxide in the presence of melting and a pig iron produced by a reduction reaction and refining carbon by carburizing (Fe_c In-depth basic research on the dynamic behavior of the society, the social work on the completion of the work, the results of the following phenomena, these phenomena are also disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. This non-patent document 1 relates to the carburizing behavior of iron oxide in a blast furnace, a reduction reaction, a medium, and a reduced iron (metal iron). In this document, as shown in Figure i, in the disclosed behavior, in the slag (S) is carbonaceous material (e) (called carbon cut. In particular, the oxygen in the material (8) = original carbon The carbonaceous material (G) of the material, G) is reduced and carburized, and the molten iron is called according to this, and is made in contact with the carbonaceous material: the inclusion is low, and is connected with the reduced iron (4), which is carburized. Melt... -^Fe〇 is different. Because of the movement; therefore, the pots, the swearing of the sheet material in the direction of the movement, quickly toward the solid state of the reduced iron ^ and adhered to it to form the direction of e) moved autumn, the fire earth A from the UL reduced iron Carburizing 〇 has not yet been known in the foregoing blast furnace to improve the phenomenon of the present invention, how to use the aforementioned direct iron making technique. [Description of the Invention] 7 Consider the situation described above. The present invention has been made, and the object of the present invention is to provide a steel making method according to the invention of the present invention, which is more efficient in operation and operation efficiency than the direct iron making method which does not return the patent document. good. That is, the present invention is a method for determining the initial slag formation from the original material of the material containing carbonaceous reduction. The purpose of -, σ 'target 瑞 〜 ... degrees (this corresponds to the metal / iron, the initial slag contains tailings components, iron and carbon 皙 # / § Λ + reduced emulsified I a step of reducing the ash in the reducing agent and producing it in the raw material mixture for the first time; ', , , /... This *σ is used to produce a preliminary mixture corresponding to the target temperature; and / -, and the step of heating the raw material mixture to reduce and melt the slag. Mouthwash and initial production [Embodiment] ^ Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. As the foregoing, the most .... Α" of the present invention, a material having 3 bismuth iron (for example, iron ore, iron oxide or a partially reduced substance thereof) and a carbonaceous reducing agent (for example, a mixture of oxidizing materials,蕻.Bamboo shield Θ _ ..., fire or coal) on the shore of the metal Φ to produce metal iron, determine the degree", and He Yutian, the formation of the initial slag is the target temperature of the slag and I spare to produce Corresponding to the target compound, and in the push of a cow 4, the raw material of the slag is mixed ν σ ”, to form the initial slag; that is, the temperature of the initial slag is controlled by the Shishijing, 5 In the present invention, the initial solution fishing is the carbon-containing iron in the L-transferred metal iron, and the sputum is first produced in the raw material mixture, and the scorpion has the Shiguang tail component, and the eyebrows are not blessed. And the ash of the carbonaceous reduction. The inventor of the present invention has studied the technique disclosed in 1307365 of the patent document 4, which recognizes the phenomenon disclosed in the aforementioned Non-Patent Document 1 (ie, in In the blast furnace, when the reduction reaction of iron oxide and the carburizing behavior in the melting chamber are effectively used The iron making method disclosed in Patent Document 4 can be further improved. In the iron making method used in Patent Document 4 +, in order to efficiently separate and recover high-purity metallic iron at a lower temperature, the reduced solid state is melted at a lower temperature. Iron has its importance' In addition, how to effectively separate the slag (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "by-product slag", which is the enthalpy (9) produced during the heating and reduction process, also has its importance m' how to make the solid state reduction The carburizing effect of iron is rapidly carried out to melt it (in this specification, the phenomenon that the solid-reduced iron is refining due to carburization is sometimes referred to as the refining of iron.) The inventors of the present invention believe that if the iron is directly produced by using the technique disclosed in the aforementioned Non-Patent Document 1, the reduced iron which is condensed according to the aforementioned phenomenon (after the reduction reaction using the carbonaceous material in (4), = carburization is made to move in the direction of solid metal iron, and then the reduced iron that is dissolved in the body can be used as money, and the carbon is iron, and based on this assumption, 'further research As has been described, the method developed by one of the inventors of the present invention (patent: disclosed in item 4) is based on the close relationship between the liquid portion of the by-product slag and the molten iron. Based on the findings of the research, this method uses a new point of view ^ 'The solids of the Tianyu product refining... The liquid part of the coexisting phase of the liquid, and the unsuitable production (four), all) According to this method, the carburization of the liquid portion by the solid metal iron which can be produced by the two-step heating and reduction is carried out at a lower operating temperature, and as a result, it can be rapidly lowered _ 2 11 1307365 By this method, the melting of the metallic iron can be carried out at a lower temperature, and the separation of the slag from the brake product can be effectively carried out at a low temperature, and in addition, the carbon concentration of the metallic iron can be controlled, and the influence of the carbon concentration on the product of the metallic iron product can be controlled. Big. A significant technical feature of the aforementioned invention of the prior application is that the state of the by-product slag, the state of carburization of the produced metallic iron, and the like thereof are produced by adding '''reduction and grafting of the raw material mixture to produce metal iron. The facts confirmed by the molten state in a system containing a carbonaceous:agent are effectively utilized. In other words, the phenomenon is that when the carbonaceous reducing agent and the slag are present in the refining state, the molten metal iron obtained by the fluid slag has a function similar to that of the carrier. And then rapidly contact with the surface of the solid metal iron 'by this, the carburizing effect of the solid metal iron is efficiently performed. In addition, by the coexistence of the carbonaceous reducing agent and the slag of the river, the effect of efficient carburization is promoted. It is not limited to the total number of dissolved (four) in the (four) state, and when properly controlling the slag of the solid-liquid scorpion left coexisting state of the liquid portion of the knife 4 'solidification of the metal iron carburizing effect only the dynasty ~ anaerobic effect Improve 'and reduce the melting temperature. In this specific example, the liquid portion refers to the substantial liquid portion in the solid and liquid (ie, in both phases of the liquid phase and the liquid phase) (which stops at certain temperatures '" in the solidus and liquidus Between, and by means of a multi-component system containing squeaking, : and Mg0 (the main street is determined by the relationship between the raw materials and the raw materials. 4 (4) Mechanical flat: observation of the raw material mixture and melting by using a high temperature laser microscope The behavior, and later into the jujube & 仃 像 像 analysis, you can get quantitative information on the liquid part of 12 1307365. But, unexpectedly, it is difficult to accurately control the liquid part, because ~ therefore, hope Further improving the operational efficiency. The invention of the present invention has been studied by ice, and it has been found that it is not difficult to implement, such as 'control slag (which is used for the reduction of the raw material mixture). And the liquid portion of the melt that produces 'and can be obtained from the tailings component, the unreduced iron oxide and the ash of the anti-beibei reducing agent), and when the initial marriage temperature is generated

:二：適當控制時’不僅有效率地製造金屬鐵，金屬鐵的 反遭度也會受到控制；結果就產生了本發明。 未被還原之炼化的氧化鐵（Fe〇)(衍生自熔渔中所含 甚。氧化鐵’而溶邊是於原料混合物的加熱和還原過程 原與碳（或—氧化碳’其作為進行熔化還原反應之還 觸之後’製得之熔化的鐵經進-步滲碳以提高碳濃 , 稽田此反應，因為與碳質材 枓接觸的熔渣中的Fe〇濃度降低 ,.^ 降低且和與還原的鐵接觸的熔: 2: When properly controlled, not only the metal iron is efficiently produced, but also the degree of corrosion of the metal iron is controlled; as a result, the present invention has been produced. Unreduced refining iron oxide (Fe〇) (derived from the melting of the oil. Iron oxide' and the melting edge is in the heating and reduction process of the raw material mixture with carbon (or carbon monoxide) After the smelting reduction reaction is further touched, the molten iron obtained is subjected to further carburization to increase the carbon concentration. This reaction is caused by the decrease in the concentration of Fe 熔 in the slag which is in contact with the carbon material 枓. And melting with the reduced iron

二Fe0濃度不同，所以’溶化的鐵會朝向遠離碳質材 2的方向移動。此外，如前述非專利文件i中者，同樣地， ^接製鐵法中’滲碳之熔化的鐵會在炫渣相中朝 =原的鐵的方向快速移動，且於之後與其成—體。據此·， :固態還原的鐵成一體之後，藉滲碳作用而進入熔化的鐵 中之南濃度的碳質組份迅速地擴散進固態還原的鐵中，社 :整個固態還原的鐵的碳濃度提高。亦即，同樣地在直； =!’於早期階段產生溶渣時，藉由炼化的氧化鐵之 遇原反應而在溶漬中製得的金屬鐵乃作為載體，其 渣中的碳組份朝向固態還原鐵的方向’結果固態經還原的 13 l3〇7365 鐵之滲碳作用便加速。 由pe-C系統的熱力學相圖可以明顯看 後濃度可提高直至urn;，就平衡觀之，2鐵的 :即’可提高i 4.3質量。/。；由前述相圖亦可明顯看出， 阿至共熔溫度，碳濃度隨著系統溫度的降低而提高。 因此，當處於熔化態的金屬鐵藉加熱和還原^原料、、曰人 物而製備時，為了提高製得之熔化的鐵之碳濃度，較佳：口Since the two Fe0 concentrations are different, the molten iron moves toward the direction away from the carbonaceous material 2. Further, as in the aforementioned Non-Patent Document i, similarly, the iron which is melted by the carburization in the iron method rapidly moves in the direction of the original iron in the slag phase, and then becomes a body thereof. . According to this, after the solid-reduced iron is integrated, the carbon component of the south concentration which enters the molten iron by the carburizing action rapidly diffuses into the solid-reduced iron, and the whole solid-reduced iron carbon The concentration is increased. That is, when the slag is generated in the early stage, the metal iron produced in the solute by the reductive reaction of the iron oxide is used as a carrier, and the carbon group in the slag is used. The direction toward the solid reduced iron 'results in the solid state of the reduced 13 l3 〇 7365 iron carburizing effect is accelerated. From the thermodynamic phase diagram of the pe-C system, it can be seen that the post-concentration can be increased until urn; in terms of balance, 2 iron: ie, can improve the quality of i 4.3. /. It can also be clearly seen from the aforementioned phase diagram that the carbon concentration increases as the system temperature decreases. Therefore, when the molten metal in the molten state is prepared by heating and reducing the raw materials and the ruthenium, in order to increase the carbon concentration of the molten iron obtained, it is preferred that:

含有衍生自鐵來源之未被還原的氧化鐵之形成熔渣之組份 的溶化物於儘量低溫下產生，以促進氧化鐵之還原反應（: 成經還原的鐵）及促進其於朝向固態金屬鐵的方向之移動， 並可進一步加速藉滲碳作用產製熔化的鐵。亦即，較佳地， 降低製造溶化物（即，初始溶漬，其衍生自包括氧化鐵之形 成熔渣的組份，其先於加熱和還原步驟中在原料混合物中 產生))的溫度。換言之’原料混合物受熱時，還原反應自 此原料混合物外部進行，因為於其中產生熔渣，故降：形 成此熔潰的溫度為佳。此還原過程中，即使外部經部分還 原’有時也可產生前述初始炫渣。 此外，隨著在用於原料混合物的加熱和還原過程中產 生初始熔造的形成溫度被降低，固態經還原的鐵之滲碳速 率會提高，因此，可得到具有高碳濃度之熔化的鐵。因此， 當此現象被有效地利用時，藉由控制初始溶渣的形成溫 度，可控制所得到之金屬鐵的碳濃度。此外，當以前述方 式增進固態還原的鐵之滲碳作用時，其熔點（熔化溫度）亦 降低，結果可以降低製造金屬鐵的操作溫度。 14 1307365 同時，為了要定出初始熔渣的形成溫度（其啟動固態還 原的鐵於原料混合物之還原反應的最後階段之渗碳作用和 ’谷化）基本上要设疋源自鐵來源、尾礦組份和碳質材料中 的灰仞（其為熔渣中之組份，即，熔渣組份）之未被還原的 氧化鐵。多組份的初始熔渣之形成溫度可得自含有si〇2、 Al2〇3 CaO、MgO、FeO和其類似物的多組份熱力學相圖。 近年來，其或可得自多組份熔渣之電腦程式化的相圖。A melt containing a slag-forming component derived from an iron source derived from unreduced iron oxide is produced at a low temperature to promote reduction of iron oxide (: reduced iron) and promote it toward solid metal The movement of the iron direction can further accelerate the production of molten iron by carburizing. That is, preferably, the temperature at which the molten product (i.e., the initial solubilized material, which is derived from the iron oxide-containing slag-forming component, which is generated in the raw material mixture in the heating and reduction steps) is reduced. In other words, when the raw material mixture is heated, the reduction reaction proceeds from the outside of the raw material mixture because the slag is generated therein, so that the temperature at which the melting is formed is preferable. In the reduction process, even if the external portion is partially restored, the aforementioned initial scum may be generated. Further, as the formation temperature at which the initial melting is caused during the heating and reduction of the raw material mixture is lowered, the carburizing rate of the solid reduced iron is increased, and therefore, molten iron having a high carbon concentration can be obtained. Therefore, when this phenomenon is effectively utilized, the carbon concentration of the obtained metallic iron can be controlled by controlling the temperature at which the initial slag is formed. Further, when the carburizing effect of the solid reduced iron is promoted in the foregoing manner, the melting point (melting temperature) thereof is also lowered, and as a result, the operating temperature for producing the metallic iron can be lowered. 14 1307365 At the same time, in order to determine the formation temperature of the initial slag (the carburizing effect and 'glutenization of the final stage of the reduction reaction of the iron which initiates the solid reduction in the raw material mixture) is basically set from the iron source and the tail. The ash of the ore component and the carbonaceous material (which is a component of the slag, that is, the slag component) of the unreduced iron oxide. The multi-component initial slag formation temperature can be obtained from a multicomponent thermodynamic phase diagram containing si〇2, Al2〇3 CaO, MgO, FeO, and the like. In recent years, it has been possible to obtain computerized phase diagrams from multicomponent slag.

例如，圖2係藉由合成Si〇2_Al2〇3_Ca〇系統和Si〇2_ AlArFeO系統而得到的相圖。根據此圖，在熔渣之組成 疋SiCVALCVCaO系統，當組成如虛線圓圈a所示（其中， Al2〇3、’、勺20/。而CaO/ Si〇2比約5/5)或當組成如虛線圓圈BFor example, FIG. 2 is a phase diagram obtained by synthesizing a Si〇2_Al2〇3_Ca〇 system and a Si〇2_AlArFeO system. According to this figure, in the composition of the slag 疋 SiCVALCVCaO system, when the composition is as shown by the dotted circle a (where Al 2 〇 3, ', spoon 20 /. and CaO / Si 〇 2 ratio about 5 / 5) or when composed as Dotted circle B

所示（其中，ai2〇3約15%而Ca0/ Si〇2比約3〇/7〇)時，上 述四組份系統熔渣的熔點具最低值。此外，熔渣之組成是 Si〇2-Al2〇3-FeO系統時，當組成如粗線c所示（其中，Fe〇 含！在約35%至50%的範圍内，約4〇%更佳）而Si〇2/AlA 比約45/55或40/60時，前述四組份系統溶潰的溶化溫度 為最低值。 據此，參考這些相圖，當形成熔渣的組份之的個別組 份組成被調整至目標範圍，以使得在加熱和還原過程中產 生的熔渣組成物具有前述最低溫度時，初始熔渣的形成温 度可以降低至最低溫度。 至於調整形成熔渣的組份之特別的方法，可以使用的 方法中，根據原料組份（包括鐵來源中的尾礦組份、碳質材 料中的灰伤、無機黏合劑組份和其類似物）中之形成炫渣之 15 .1307365 組份，可以添加額外材料（如，Ca〇、 添加最常於製備原料混合物時」”、Al2〇3)。此處 和還原的較早階段之額外供應而進行::調：可 查中的減鐵（Fe〇)組份，留在未被還原㈣的氧 *(:、可藉金屬化程度控制)可用於調整，而前述 原料混合物中所含氧化鐵來源之—。 ，，、、 本發明實施直接製鐵法時’自原料中的氧化鐵回收之 2屬鐵的比例以金屬化程度表示，而金屬化程度高時，產 =性優良。Μ ’以前耗費許多氣力來尋求提高金屬化程 =之方法1而欲藉由使所有的氧化鐵來源皆還原而將金 ::匕：度提高w非常困難’—般條件下得到的金屬 =約高至90%至，有幾個百分比未被還原的氧化 鐵留下。 然而，另-方面，本發明真正地使用在加熱和還原過 程中,被還原的氧化鐵。亦即，⑤了藉由混合在熔逢中之 未被還原的氧化鐵而降低初始熔渣的形成溫度之外，混在 熔渣中之處於熔化狀態之未被還原的氧化鐵被還原和滲 碳，以有助於藉此而得到之滲碳的鐵作為將碳帶往固態還 原鐵之方向之載體作用。結果整體上可改良金屬鐵的=製 效率。 據此，本發明中’根據原料混合物中之形成熔渣的組 份及用於熔渣組份調整之添加劑的類型和/或量，可以护^ 制氧化鐵來源的金屬化程度（含有氧化鐵的材料之還原程 度）’以使得未被還原的氧化鐵的殘留量對應於最適Fe〇 16 1307365 含量。特別地’直到達到目標金屬化程度 /凰度拉式或還原潛能，且此外，可加熱此。熱的 於加熱溫度模式之調整，可以例如控制加熱：;二?二 度、時間或溫度上升速率。此外，至於：' < ’、日’的溫 可以在丨上〜 '還原潛能之調整， 例如控制碳質還原劑的量、作為爐床保護材料” 劑的量或爐中的氛圍氣體。 ’逛原 『3:以顯示金屬化程度和氧化鐵來源中的剩 :關：之研究結果’其中氧化鐵來源係在南美 由醜供應作為氧化鐵來源（鐵石廣），且使用北美 "5〇:煤作為碳質材料，加熱和還原係於 之…TC進行(其中，以質量為基礎，設定形成炫洁 4 ^量比’以滿足以⑽叫/仰卢侧/28，且碳 =枓的量設定為碳質枋料本身將所有的氧化鐵加以還原 之間Z論碳量的0.95倍），而瞭解金屬化程度和殘留㈣ 種關係。由於氧化鐵來源和/或碳質材料的 羊此““比例、加熱和還原條件等等，前述關係會有 度的變化；然而’藉事先實驗而先得知其間的關係， 旦控制原料混合物的金屬化程度而調整殘留的Fe0 里’結果可以適當地得到產生的熔渣中之㈣含量。 此外’圖4所示者為溫度及金屬化程度（即，還原程度） ”間改變的圖，其於加熱和還原爐的目標溫度設定於 ，40〇C時得到，類似於前述者的原料混合物應用於此處， :後進行加熱和還原。如可由此圖看到，雖然加熱和還原 现的特性略為改變，金屬化程度隨著加熱時間的拉長而提 17 1307365 高，並於在此處所用的溫度開始加熱之後的4至5分鐘迅 速提高，而開始約9分鐘之後，金屬化程度之提高程度迅 速降低。但是，在開始加熱約8分鐘時金屬化程度就達到 約90負虿％，於此階段，留在未被還原狀態的氧化鐵的量 約10質量％。 因此，根據此操作過程中所用的原料中之組份組成和 形成㈣的組份含量’當控制還原反應之進行以得知氧化 鐵來源之金屬化程度（即，殘留的氧化鐵量）時，使得前述 殘留的氧化鐵量對應於前述目標含量比（即，對應於達到目 標奴漢度之炼清《且志夕么旦、 -、、成之3里比），可以將初始熔渣的形成溫 度控制於最低溫度。 、圖5所不者為溶渣中的氧化鐵（Fe〇)濃度和形成溶渣的 初皿（和㈣生《⑶氣體的溫度）之間的_係，其於溶渣 中的CaO/Si〇2質置比維持於〇 38時得到。如圖中所示者， 隨著溶渣中的Fe〇合吾沾姐古 、 置的提两，初始炫渣的形成溫度（溶When shown (wherein ai2〇3 is about 15% and Ca0/Si〇2 is about 3〇/7〇), the melting point of the above four-component system slag has the lowest value. In addition, when the composition of the slag is Si〇2-Al2〇3-FeO system, when the composition is as shown by the thick line c (wherein, the Fe〇 contains! in the range of about 35% to 50%, about 4% by weight. Preferably, while the Si〇2/AlA ratio is about 45/55 or 40/60, the melting temperature of the aforementioned four-component system is the lowest. Accordingly, with reference to these phase diagrams, when the composition of the individual components forming the slag component is adjusted to the target range so that the slag composition produced during the heating and reduction process has the aforementioned minimum temperature, the initial slag The formation temperature can be lowered to the lowest temperature. As a special method for adjusting the components forming the slag, the method can be used according to the raw material components (including the tailings component in the iron source, the gray wound in the carbonaceous material, the inorganic binder component and the like). In the 15 .1307365 component of the slag, additional materials (eg, Ca 〇, added most often when preparing the raw material mixture), Al 2 〇 3) may be added. Here and the additional stage of the reduction Supply:: Adjust: The iron-reducing (Fe〇) component that can be checked, and the oxygen* (: can be controlled by the degree of metallization) that has not been reduced (4) can be used for adjustment, and is contained in the aforementioned raw material mixture. When the direct iron making method of the present invention is carried out, the ratio of the two irons recovered from the iron oxide in the raw material is expressed by the degree of metallization, and when the degree of metallization is high, the yield is excellent. Μ 'It used to take a lot of effort to improve the metallization process=1 and want to reduce all the iron oxide sources by adding gold::匕:degree is very difficult to increase'--the metal obtained under normal conditions=about Up to 90% up to a few percentages have not been restored Iron oxide remains. However, in another aspect, the present invention truly uses the reduced iron oxide during heating and reduction. That is, 5 is reduced by mixing the unreduced iron oxide in the melting zone. In addition to the formation temperature of the initial slag, the unreduced iron oxide in a molten state mixed in the slag is reduced and carburized to facilitate the carburized iron thereby obtained as a carbon ribbon to solid state reduction. The carrier action of the iron direction. As a result, the metal iron production efficiency can be improved as a whole. Accordingly, in the present invention, 'the type of the slag-forming component in the raw material mixture and the additive for the slag component adjustment and / or amount, can protect the degree of metallization of the iron oxide source (degree of reduction of the material containing iron oxide) 'so that the residual amount of unreduced iron oxide corresponds to the optimum Fe 〇 16 1307365 content. In particular 'until Achieve the target metallization degree / diametric pull or reduction potential, and in addition, can heat this. The adjustment of the heat in the heating temperature mode can, for example, control the heating: 2nd, 2nd, time or temperature rising speed Furthermore, as: '<', day 'temperature may be on Shu ~' reduction adjustment potential of, for example, the amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent is controlled, as the hearth protection material "amount or atmospheric gas furnace agent. 'Walk the original 3': to show the degree of metallization and the remaining in the source of iron oxide: Guan: The results of the study 'where the source of iron oxide is in the United States from the ugly supply as a source of iron oxide (Ishihiro), and use North America" 〇: Coal as a carbonaceous material, heating and reduction are carried out in TC (where, based on mass, set to form a sleek 4 ^ ratio) to satisfy (10) call / sag side / 28, and carbon = 枓The amount is set such that the carbonaceous material itself reduces all the iron oxide between 0.95 times the carbon content of the Z, while understanding the degree of metallization and the residual (four) relationship. Due to the iron oxide source and/or the carbonaceous material of the sheep, the "proportion, heating and reduction conditions, etc., the relationship will change degrees; however, 'the prior art is used to learn the relationship between the raw materials and the raw material mixture. The degree of metallization is adjusted in the residual Fe0. As a result, the content of (4) in the produced slag can be appropriately obtained. Further, 'the one shown in Fig. 4 is a graph showing the change between the temperature and the degree of metallization (i.e., the degree of reduction), which is set at a target temperature of 40 ° C in the heating and reduction furnace, similar to the raw material mixture of the foregoing. Applied here, after: heating and reduction. As can be seen from this figure, although the characteristics of heating and reduction are slightly changed, the degree of metallization is 17 1307365 higher with the elongation of heating time, and is here The temperature used to increase rapidly after 4 to 5 minutes from the start of heating, and the degree of metallization increased rapidly after about 9 minutes. However, the degree of metallization reached about 90% by weight at the start of heating for about 8 minutes. At this stage, the amount of iron oxide remaining in the unreduced state is about 10% by mass. Therefore, according to the composition of the components in the raw materials used in the operation and the component content of the formation of (4), when the progress of the reduction reaction is controlled Knowing the degree of metallization of the iron oxide source (ie, the amount of residual iron oxide), the amount of residual iron oxide described above corresponds to the aforementioned target content ratio (ie, corresponding to the achievement of the target) Handu's refining "and the eve of the eve, -, and 3" can control the formation temperature of the initial slag to the lowest temperature. Figure 5 is not the iron oxide in the slag. 〇) The concentration between the concentration and the initial slag forming slag (and the temperature of the (4) gas) is obtained by maintaining the CaO/Si〇2 mass ratio in the slag at 〇38. As shown, with the Fe 溶 in the slag, I smear the old, set the two, the initial slag formation temperature (dissolved

渣的熔化溫度）降侗，+ • 卜，開始生成CO氣體的溫度亦降 低，藉由熔化的氧仆镪⑺ „ 乳化鐵（Fe0)之逛原反應而引發CO氣體生 成。The melting temperature of the slag is lowered, + • 卜, the temperature at which the CO gas starts to be generated is also lowered, and the CO gas is generated by the melting oxygen servant (7) „ emulsified iron (Fe0).

Lsq , ^疋類似於前述者但熔渣甲的Ca0/Si02質量 比改為0 · 9 2之管給姓w 、σ 。雖然溶渣組成改變，初始炼渣的 开> 成溫度和開始生成c — 乳體的溫度隨著Feo含量的提高 而降低，此與圖5中所示者相同。Lsq , ^疋 is similar to the above, but the Ca0/SiO2 mass ratio of the slag is changed to 0 · 9 2 to give the surnames w and σ. Although the composition of the slag is changed, the temperature of the initial slag and the temperature at which the c-milk starts to be formed decrease as the content of the Feo increases, which is the same as that shown in Fig. 5.

1 $斤不者疋針對初始熔渣的形成溫度（熔渣熔化溫度） 對於製得之溶化的金屬鐵（心的金屬鐵）中之碳濃度（(J 1307365 =)研究所得的結果。由此圖可證實，隨著初始溶渣的形成 溫度（熔渣熔化溫度）的降低，金屬鐵（其為經還原的產物）中 的碳含量有提高之趨勢。 八由前述結果瞭解到，初始熔渣（其由含有形成熔渣的組 、si%)和未被還原的氧化鐵（㈣，其於用於原料混 合物之還原和熔化過程中製得）之混合物所構成）的形成溫 度與欲製造之溶化的金屬鐵中的碳含量具有某種關聯性， 以及，控制初始熔渣的形成溫度時，得以控制所得的金屬 鐵的碳含量。此外，隨著初始炼造的形成溫度的降低，溶 二金屬鐵的碳含量提高，此顯示藉由真正地降低金屬鐵 I的㈣溫度，可以有效率地得到具有高碳含量的金屬 .，且就熱消耗降低觀之，此趨勢顯然可資利用。 此外’至於初始熔渣之形成溫度，如前述者，且以多 目圖（如圖2所示者）為基礎，初始炫渣包括留在還原 ，、、之未被還原的氧化鐵和原料中之形成溶潰的組份（鐵 以ΤΙ尾礦組份和/或碳質材料中所含的灰份)，其先被用 執^ 合物），可以在原料混合物的製備、引入或加 添㈣當量之形成熔渣的組份（不同於前述鐵來源 、、伤下文中有時稱為"第三種形成熔渣的組份之 添加"），以進—步降低具 之 ⑴1此口組成的熔渣之熔化溫 又。此外，至於炫洁中的惫 ^ ^ 7的虱化鐵含量，如前述者，可以適 画地控制金屬鐵製法中之原料、，θ入 、 原枓此合物中的鐵來源的金屬化 私度和加熱溫度模式，以藉 鐵砣徂卜^ ^ 稽田仍留在未被逛原狀態的氧化 鐵確保}谷渣中所須的氧化鐵含量。 19 1307365 此外1 kg 不 疋 for the initial slag formation temperature (slag melting temperature) for the carbon concentration in the prepared molten metal (heart metal iron) ((J 1307365 = It can be confirmed that the carbon content in the metallic iron (which is the reduced product) tends to increase as the initial slag formation temperature (melting melting temperature) decreases. VIII From the foregoing results, the initial slag is known. Formation temperature (which consists of a mixture containing slag-forming groups, si%) and unreduced iron oxide ((4), which is prepared in a process for reduction and melting of a raw material mixture) The carbon content in the molten metal iron has a certain correlation, and when the formation temperature of the initial slag is controlled, the carbon content of the obtained metallic iron is controlled. In addition, as the formation temperature of the initial refining decreases, the carbon content of the molten metal metal increases, which shows that by actually lowering the (four) temperature of the metal iron I, a metal having a high carbon content can be efficiently obtained, and With regard to the reduction in heat consumption, this trend is clearly available. Further, as for the formation temperature of the initial slag, as described above, and based on the multi-mesh (as shown in FIG. 2), the initial scum includes the iron oxide and the raw material remaining in the reduction, and which are not reduced. The formation of a molten component (the iron is contained in the tailings component and/or the carbonaceous material), which is first used as a compound, and can be prepared, introduced or added to the raw material mixture. (4) The equivalent of the slag-forming component (unlike the aforementioned iron source, the injury is sometimes referred to as "the third slag-forming component addition "), to further reduce the (1)1 The melting of the slag composed of the mouth is gentle. In addition, as for the bismuth iron content of 惫^^7 in the sleek cleaning, as described above, it is possible to control the raw materials in the metal iron method, the θ-in, and the original metal-based metallization in the composition. Degree and heating temperature mode, to borrow iron 砣徂 ^ ^ ^ 纪田 still remain in the original state of iron oxide to ensure that the iron oxide content required in the residue. 19 1307365 Additionally

金屬鐵產物的目標碳濃度（此對應於目 二厌艰:)，由圖7〜示的關係得到最適之初始炫渔形成 :二亚基於圖2中所示的多組份相圖，可 的=未被還原的氧化鐵，以得到前述最適之勒始J 获Γ 亦可藉由添加第三種形成溶渣的組份i 、曰原料中之離子來源的金屬化程度和加熱溫度模式進―― 初始熔渣組成之調整。 、 仃 於製備原料混合物的階段，第三種形成料的 添加詳述於下文φ。參1 π 切义 實靶本發明時，初始溶渣形0 控制可根據作為氧化鐵來源之鐵礦和其類 = :::::組成，藉由混合使用其他鐵礦而調整：:： , 伤之組成，然而，根據原料礦中所含 有的尾破組份組成，以添加可改變初 斤二 外娜佳。額外的原料可以是如經鍛燒-:石=額 石灰—)、—2)、蛇紋石( 、(二 (MnO + FeO)和鋁礬 土 rA1 n、 _ L 2; Μη 礦 供u * 3)’㈣材料可以單獨添加或人 开添加。特別地’原料混合物係藉由混合氧化鐵來二 質還原劑及視情況所須的黏合劑組份而 = :圖料所含的尾礦組—St 物混合，以獲致目標的初始耗形成溫度。m 欲有效地和實際達成前述之溶化的氧化 和參碳作用’炫化的氧化鐵朝著固態經 的 速移動，並藉碳承載效果而伴隨促進其渗碳 20 1307365 熔化度度，則必須藉固態還原的鐵之滲碳作用而使得熔點 降低至足夠程度。因此，較佳地，滲碳之後，金屬鐵中的 碳濃度控制於〇_5至4.3質量％的範圍内，此外，初始溶潰 形成溫度控制在1，147至1,5001的範圍内。此外，更佳地， 滲碳作用之後，金屬鐵的碳濃度控制在丨5至3 5質量％的 範圍内，此外，初始熔㈣成溫度控制在以⑽至以抓 的範圍内。渗碳作用之後，金屬鐵中的碳濃度可藉在原料 製備階段混合之碳質還原劑的量而調整，特別地，關於碳 質還原劑的量，可以使用將氧化鐵來源加以還原所須的理 論量和用於渗碳作用所須的前述量之總量。然而，在一般 操作條件下，因為碳質還原劑被生成之呈右^卜 饥王風之具有乳化力的氣體 (例如，被還原作用中的.嫉、捧 的燃燒$加熱所產幻所部分消耗， 故決定確實的碳質材料量時， 旦 町乂肩視則述消耗量而調整其 里 。 此外，以别述方式進行原料混合而$敕。# θ η. σ阳巧整妷質還原劑的 置時’可以調整滲碳作用 用旦心洛化中之用於金屬鐵之渗碳作 用里，因此，可視需要地以最 鐵的碳含量。 U式得到之金屬 作為本發明t所用的原料混合物 + 自碳質還原劑之氣體有j t认 …有助於藉衍生 較佳地，氣化進行氧化鐵之加熱和還原， 巩化鐵來源和碳質還原劑二者 混合狀態備用為佳。此原料^末形式且以 略為固化並於之後供3物了以藉壓力而在爐床上 -土 但是，如前述專利文件】“福 不者，混合物成為具有選 文件1中所揭 選用开如’約略球形 21 ' 1307365 粒狀）之附聚材料且於之後供應時 還原反應令，固態還原的鐵環^在藉加熱而進行的固體 屬殼，而内部可唯持古# "者附聚材料的周圍形成金 J，、·隹持回還原潛能；因此， 率地改良金屬化程度，此為較佳者。 ，有效 用以實施本發明之特別 基本上等同於前述專利文件i 基礎操作條件之類， 作條件之類。特別地二==之類中所揭示的裝置、操 形或甜甜圈型旋轉爐床.㈣的一個裝置中’配備圓 以人 床’使用加熱和還原爐，此爐且有片 物供應區、預熱區、加熱和還原區、金屬鐵熔化/、 冷卻區(金屬鐵固化區)和排放區，依序位於旋=中 系幻的刼作(包括供應原料、加埶和、 =和固化所製得的金屬鐵，及时）。藉前述裝置實施 續操作時，藉事前實驗# ψ 、連 JΛ驗疋出在原料中之形成炫渣的組份之 、、且成及奴含量對應於目標碳濃度)，此外，亦調整金屬化 =以得到在加熱和還原中之最適的初始溶造形成溫度， 以保初始熔渣中之未被還原的氧化鐵含量。 金屬鐵（其藉加熱和還原、之後的滲碳作用㈣解而往 成顆粒）被冷卻，可得到聚結成顆粒之固化的金屬鐵。之後，σ :藉過篩或磁分離而自產生的溶渣（其同時冷卻和固 簡便地分離金屬鐵。 如前述者，根據本發明，金屬鐵係藉加熱原料混合物 :後續的還原反應和熔化、藉適當地控制初始熔渣(由未被 通原的氧化鐵和尾礦組份所構成）形成溫度而製得時，其於 用於原料混合物之還原和熔化過程中製得，而基於多組份 22The target carbon concentration of the metal iron product (this corresponds to the second difficulty:), the optimum initial fishery formation is obtained from the relationship shown in Fig. 7: the second phase is based on the multi-component phase diagram shown in Fig. 2, = unreduced iron oxide to obtain the above-mentioned optimum initial J Γ can also be obtained by adding a third slag-forming component i, a metallization degree of the ion source in the bismuth raw material, and a heating temperature mode. ― Adjustment of the initial slag composition. In the stage of preparing the raw material mixture, the addition of the third forming material is detailed below φ. In the present invention, the initial slag form 0 control can be adjusted according to the composition of iron ore and its like =:::: as the source of iron oxide, by mixing and using other iron ore::: The composition of the injury, however, according to the composition of the tail-breaking component contained in the raw material ore, the addition can change the initial Jinji Erwai Najia. Additional raw materials may be, for example, calcined-:stone=front lime-),-2), serpentine (, (di(MnO + FeO) and bauxite rA1 n, _ L 2; Μη mine for u * 3 ) '(4) Materials may be added alone or in person. In particular, 'the raw material mixture is a mixture of iron oxide to the secondary reducing agent and optionally the binder component =: the tailings group contained in the image— The St material is mixed to obtain the initial formation temperature of the target. m is intended to effectively and practically achieve the aforementioned melting and carbonation of the molten metal. The redox of the oxidized iron moves toward the solid state and is accompanied by the carbon bearing effect. To promote the degree of carbonization of carburizing 20 1307365, the melting point of the iron must be reduced to a sufficient extent by the carburizing effect of the solid reduced iron. Therefore, preferably, after carburizing, the carbon concentration in the metallic iron is controlled to 〇_5. In the range of 4.3% by mass, in addition, the initial melting formation temperature is controlled in the range of 1,147 to 1521. Further, more preferably, after carburizing, the carbon concentration of the metallic iron is controlled at 丨5 to 3 In the range of 5 mass%, in addition, the initial melting (four) temperature is controlled to Within the range of scratching. After carburizing, the carbon concentration in the metallic iron can be adjusted by the amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent mixed in the raw material preparation stage. In particular, regarding the amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent, it can be used for oxidation. The theoretical amount required for the reduction of the iron source and the total amount of the aforementioned amount required for carburizing. However, under normal operating conditions, because the carbonaceous reducing agent is formed, it is emulsified by the right The gas (for example, the part of the reduction, the burning, and the burning of the heat generated by the illusion is consumed, so when the amount of the carbonaceous material is determined, the shoji is adjusted according to the amount of consumption. In other ways, the raw materials are mixed and $敕.# θ η. σ 阳 巧 妷 妷 还原 还原 ' ' ' ' ' ' 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以The carbon content of the iron can be used as needed. The metal obtained by the U formula is used as the raw material mixture used in the invention t + the gas from the carbonaceous reducing agent is useful to facilitate the oxidation of iron oxide by derivatization. Heating and reduction It is preferred that the source of the charred iron and the carbonaceous reducing agent are mixed. The raw material is in the form of a solid and is slightly solidified and then supplied with three materials to borrow pressure on the hearth - soil, however, as described in the aforementioned patent document] For the sake of blessing, the mixture becomes an agglomerated material with the opening of 'about spherical 21 '1307365 granules as selected in Option 1 and is reduced after the supply is made. The solid-state reduced iron ring ^ is carried out by heating. The solid is a shell, and the interior can only form gold J around the agglomerated material, and the ruthenium retains the reducing potential; therefore, it is better to improve the degree of metallization. The implementation of the invention is substantially equivalent to the basic operating conditions of the aforementioned patent document i, as a condition or the like. In particular, in a device, a shape or a donut-type rotary hearth disclosed in the second ==, in a device equipped with a circle and a human bed, a heating and reduction furnace is used, and the furnace has a sheet supply area. , preheating zone, heating and reduction zone, metal iron melting/, cooling zone (metal iron solidification zone) and discharge zone, in sequence, in the middle of the rotation (including raw materials, twisting, and curing) The metal iron produced is timely). When the continuation operation is carried out by the foregoing device, the pre-experimental experiment # ψ , 连 J Λ 疋 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 原料 原料 原料 原料 原料 原料 , , , = to obtain an optimum initial formation temperature in heating and reduction to maintain the unreduced iron oxide content in the initial slag. The metallic iron, which is cooled by reduction and subsequent carburization (4), is cooled to obtain solidified metallic iron which is agglomerated into particles. Thereafter, σ: self-generated slag by sieving or magnetic separation (which simultaneously cools and solidly separates metallic iron. As described above, according to the present invention, metallic iron is heated by a raw material mixture: subsequent reduction reaction and melting When it is prepared by appropriately controlling the initial slag (which is composed of the unreacted iron oxide and tailings components) to form a temperature, which is obtained during the reduction and melting process of the raw material mixture, and based on Component 22

1307365 ::圖=擇性地控制欲得到的金屬鐵中之碳濃度。此 卜亦會發生下列副效果。 亦即，因為藉根據本發明之方 含I晬茗，仏^ 之方决而得到的金屬鐵的碳 否里Ik耆初始熔渣形成溫度 . 叩叙尚，亦即，當择作 /皿又降低時，可得到具有高碳含 ’、 去、甚広 反3重的金屬鐵，故用於加埶 二還原的熱能消耗可降低。此外，初始炫逢中所含之溶： 2化鐵作為用於藉氣體還原反應製得之I態還原鐵之碳 载體’迅速進行固態還原鐵（固態金屬鐵）之滲碳作用，並 進/、熔化’因此’固態經還原的鐵之熔化明顯加速，結 果整體的產製效能明顯獲得改良β σ 如前述者，在初始熔潰中，含有未被還原的氧化鐵。 本發明中’此氧化鐵被還原成金屬鐵’且金屬鐵作為碳載 體’在熔逢中朝向固態經還原的鐵側移動。此過程中，因 為降低熔渣中的氧化鐵的量，故熔渣之組成隨時間而改 變。因此，為了要有效率地產製金屬鐵，即使在熔渣中的 氧化鐵的量降低之時，金屬鐵也必須迅速移動。就此觀點， 不疋初始熔渣的生成溫度，較佳地而是控制熔渣的熔點， 即使於產生金屬鐵之後亦然。其原因在於，即使製得金屬 鐵之後’熔渣仍處於液態’金屬鐵之移動不會受阻。一個 例子中’以最後產生之熔渣的平均組成為基礎，必須控制 最終熔渣的熔點（即’熔渣熔化的溫度），此可由相圖定出 此熔點。據此，即使進行還原反應，因為在低溫產生處於 熔化狀態的最終熔渣，所以可以有效率地製造金屬鐵。 [實例] 23 1307365 下文中’將參考實例詳細描述本發明；但是，當块 文：：：：於下列實例且可於選擇性地在前述及將：：下 =範圍内作出修飾之後而進行，前述任何修飾亦含： 於本發明的技㈣_。下列實例中，” ^ ”質量％，·和，丨質量份，，。 仍刀別代表 實例1 使用南美洲生產的鐵礦（67 74%鐵組份含旦 〇.〇5〇/〇CaO，〇.99%Si〇2，〇 56%A1 〇 里， 鐵來源和#丨^ 5%其他者）作為 鐵末源和纟1中所示的材料作為碳質材料，並使用今麗' 原料丸粒（其藉加熱和還原混在—起以具有碳含量約以鐵 ==4%的前述材料而製得)，加熱和還原實驗於二 表1.碳質姑Μ1307365 :: Graph = Selectively control the carbon concentration in the metallic iron to be obtained. The following side effects will also occur in this. That is, because of the initial slag formation temperature of the metallic iron of the metal iron obtained by the method according to the present invention, the metal smelting Ik 耆 尚 尚 , 亦 亦 , , , , , , , , , , When the temperature is lowered, the metal iron having a high carbon content of ', de, and so on, can be obtained, so that the heat energy consumption for the addition of the second reduction can be reduced. In addition, the solution contained in the initial smashing: 2 iron as a carbon carrier for the reduction state of iron of the I state obtained by the gas reduction reaction, rapidly undergoes the carburizing effect of the solid reduced iron (solid metal iron), and The melting of the molten 'and therefore' solid reduced iron is significantly accelerated, and as a result, the overall production efficiency is clearly improved. β σ As in the foregoing, in the initial melting, the unreduced iron oxide is contained. In the present invention, the iron oxide is reduced to metallic iron 'and the metallic iron acts as a carbon carrier' to move toward the solid-reduced iron side in the melting zone. In this process, the composition of the slag changes with time because the amount of iron oxide in the slag is lowered. Therefore, in order to efficiently produce metal iron, the metal iron must move rapidly even when the amount of iron oxide in the slag is lowered. In this regard, the formation temperature of the initial slag is preferably not controlled, but the melting point of the slag is preferably controlled, even after the generation of metallic iron. The reason is that the movement of the metal iron is not hindered even after the metal iron is produced. In one example, the melting point of the final slag (i.e., the temperature at which the slag melts) must be controlled based on the average composition of the resulting slag, which can be determined from the phase diagram. According to this, even if the reduction reaction is carried out, since the final slag in a molten state is generated at a low temperature, the metal iron can be efficiently produced. [Examples] 23 1307365 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples; however, when the block:::: is in the following examples and can be selectively modified after the foregoing and the following: Any of the foregoing modifications also include: (4) _ of the present invention. In the following examples, "^" mass %, · and , 丨 mass parts, ,. Still Knife represents the example 1 using iron ore produced in South America (67 74% iron component containing denier. 〇5〇/〇CaO, 〇.99%Si〇2, 〇56%A1 〇里, iron source and #丨^ 5% others) as the source of iron and the material shown in 纟1 as the carbonaceous material, and use the Jinli's raw material pellets (which are mixed by heating and reduction to have a carbon content of about iron == 4% of the above materials were prepared), heating and reduction experiments in the second table 1. Carbonaceous aunt

用於實驗，使用由紅外光加熱爐與雷射顯微鏡合併構 成的設備’個別原料丸㈣鮮c /分鐘的升溫速率連續 加熱至！，45rc，直接觀察在升溫程序中之還原作用至溶 化的行為和氣泡生成的行為，得到生成氣體的溫度和㈣ 24 * 1307365 炫渣形成溫度。 此處，為了要最終得到具有前述碳含量的金屬鐵，考 慮在加熱和還原中生成之初始熔渣的形成溫度，調整加熱 還原時的金屬化程度，以便以多組份相圖為基礎，得到 適田的個別初始熔渣形成溫度（或熔渣置於一個僅由液體所 構成的相態中之熔渣熔化溫度）。 其結果示於表2。雖然對應於個別碳含量之初始熔渣 形成μ度因為所使用的碳質材料而有某些程度的變化，但 菖個別初始溶渣形成溫度控制於其約略溫度時，可得到具 有大約目標碳含量的金屬鐵。For the experiment, use a combination of an infrared light heating furnace and a laser microscope. 'Individual raw material pellets (four) fresh c / min heating rate continuously heated to! , 45rc, directly observe the reduction in the heating process to the behavior of melting and the behavior of bubble formation, to obtain the temperature of the generated gas and (4) 24 * 1307365 slag formation temperature. Here, in order to finally obtain the metallic iron having the aforementioned carbon content, the degree of metallization at the time of heating and reduction is adjusted in consideration of the formation temperature of the initial slag formed in heating and reduction, so as to be obtained based on the multicomponent phase diagram. The individual initial slag formation temperature of the field (or the slag melting temperature of the slag placed in a phase consisting only of liquid). The results are shown in Table 2. Although the initial slag formation μ degree corresponding to the individual carbon content varies to some extent due to the carbonaceous material used, the individual initial slag formation temperature is controlled at its approximate temperature to obtain an approximate target carbon content. Metal iron.

f 2·經還^鐵之碳含量與初始熔渣形成溫度之間的關係 經還原的鐵ΐ物之碳含量~ (質量％) 初始熔逢形成 溫度（°C ) 加拿大煤 美國煤 南非煤 中國煤 平均 1.1 1527 1538 1544 1516 1531 2.04 1423 1452 1413 1465 1407 1432 2.98 1333 1342 1308 1360 1258 1320 4.26 1259 1300 1294 1278 1205 1266 實例2 藉原料中所含之形成熔渣的組份及加熱和還原中殘留 之未被還原的氧化鐵量來決定初始熔渣形成溫度；然而， 當形成熔渣的組份不適當時，藉由額外添加含有形成熔渣 之組份的材料，可降低初始熔渣形成溫度。 25 1307365 衣”斤示者為Ca0添加量對 度之影響的研究結果。前述研究中 。熔心成- 目標碳濃度設定為實例丨中之約3%:欲：到的金屬鐵之 於該濃度之初始料形成溫度，㈣2 了要確保對應 外添加作為㈤來源的石灰石作為含有㈣，額 料。雖然實例1中所用的材料中之_:开广板組份的材 枓’在此二種情況中，可 -買材f 2·Relationship between the carbon content of iron and the initial slag formation temperature The carbon content of the reduced iron slag ~ (% by mass) Initial melting formation temperature (°C) Canadian coal US coal South Africa coal China Coal average 1.1 1527 1538 1544 1516 1531 2.04 1423 1452 1413 1465 1407 1432 2.98 1333 1342 1308 1360 1258 1320 4.26 1259 1300 1294 1278 1205 1266 Example 2 The slag-forming component contained in the raw material and the residual in heating and reduction The amount of iron oxide which is not reduced determines the initial slag formation temperature; however, when the composition forming the slag is not appropriate, the initial slag formation temperature can be lowered by additionally adding a material containing the component forming the slag. 25 1307365 The results of the study on the effect of the amount of Ca0 added. In the previous study, the melting core-target carbon concentration was set to about 3% of the example: the desired metal iron to the concentration The initial material formation temperature, (4) 2 to ensure the corresponding addition of limestone as the source of (f) as containing (four), the amount of material. Although the material used in the example 1 _: the material of the open plate component 'in both cases Medium, can - buy materials

拄斗、-r物 J 田添加適當量的CaOBucket, -r material J field add appropriate amount of CaO

τ，或可降低初始炼逢形成 的Γ n系 ㈣成/皿度。各個情況中，當表3中 ::添加量分別mG,4%、w 的金屬鐵的碳含量是㈣………。 表3·添加Ca〇時，初始熔渣形成溫度 —_— CaO添加量（皙吾〇乂、 0.3 0.4 2.0 4.0 初始熔渣形成 溫度（°C) η---I__[_) 拿大煤1 1318 — 1224 1262 加拿大煤2 一 一 1206 1226 加拿大煤3 _- — 1206 - 平均 1318 -— 1215 1231 _1 —— — 1282 1194 _南非煤2 — 1350 1244 1188 ___非煤3 —— 1320 1232 1178 一 1335 1253 1187 ----T 〜 亦即就確保加熱和還原操作之製程產量的觀點，例 如田决疋在用於加熱、還原..之類的各區中之操作溫度 核式和/或彳τ留時間時’及當希望進一步降低初始熔渣形 成溫度時，翁· tb ?丨 稽田在引入原料混合物的階段，額外添加形成 26 1307365 熔渣的組份（如，Ca〇)作為添加劑，或者’在原料混合物 加熱的1¾奴，引入作為形成熔渣的物劑，可以有效地控制 初始熔渣形成溫度。 實例3 根據本發明，藉由改變作為還原劑之碳質還原劑（碳質 材料)的性夤’亦可控制加熱和還原中之初始熔渣形成溫度 和/或殘留之未被還原的氧化鐵量。&實例中，此情況示 於將Ca〇加至碳質材料中，以蓄意提高Ca〇的含量，以 改變初始熔渣形成溫度。 '、即’下面的表4列出針對初始熔渣形成溫度改變的 研究之結果，此結果得自於將GO以表4中所示的量加至 則述3種類型的碳質材料中，以改變灰份含量。由此表可 明顯看出’適當量的c 〇加 ,„ 加至杈質材料中時，初始熔渣形 成/m度明顯降低。此外，因a 呈 U為已經知道Ca〇中的ca離子 具有催化效果，其作為鹼會促 ^ , # , , ^ f促進碳質材料的還原力並有助 於改良其反應性，咸信CaO TV -r ^ ^ ’、可用以控制加熱和還原中之 歹乂留之未被還原的氧化鐵量。 煤灰t的CaO含量Jtf %)τ, or can reduce the formation of 初始 n system (four) into / initial degree. In each case, the carbon content of the metal iron of the following additions in Table 3: mG, 4%, w is (4) .... Table 3. Addition of Ca ,, initial slag formation temperature - _ - CaO addition amount (皙吾〇乂, 0.3 0.4 2.0 4.0 Initial slag formation temperature (°C) η---I__[_) Take big coal 1 1318 — 1224 1262 Canadian Coal 2 1120 6226 Canadian Coal 3 _- — 1206 - Average 1318 - 1215 1231 _1 —— — 1282 1194 _ South African Coal 2 — 1350 1244 1188 ___ Non-coal 3 —— 1320 1232 1178 1335 1253 1187 ----T ~ That is, the viewpoint of ensuring the process yield of the heating and reduction operations, such as the operating temperature nucleus and/or enthalpy in various zones for heating, reduction, etc. When τ is left in time, and when it is desired to further reduce the initial slag formation temperature, Weng·tb 丨 丨 田 field adds another component (such as Ca 〇) which forms 26 1307365 slag as an additive at the stage of introducing the raw material mixture. Alternatively, the initial slag formation temperature can be effectively controlled by introducing a material which is heated in the raw material mixture and introduced as a slag. Example 3 According to the present invention, the initial slag formation temperature and/or residual unreduced iron oxide in heating and reduction can also be controlled by changing the nature of the carbonaceous reducing agent (carbonaceous material) as a reducing agent. the amount. In the & example, this case is shown by adding Ca 〇 to the carbonaceous material to deliberately increase the Ca 〇 content to change the initial slag formation temperature. ', ie' Table 4 below lists the results of the study for the initial slag formation temperature change, which results from the addition of GO to the three types of carbonaceous materials described in Table 4, To change the ash content. From this table, it can be clearly seen that 'the proper amount of c is added, „ the initial slag formation/m degree is significantly reduced when added to the enamel material. In addition, since a is U, it is known that the ca ion in Ca 具有 has The catalytic effect, which acts as a base, promotes the reduction of carbonaceous materials and contributes to the improvement of its reactivity. It can be used to control the heating and reduction of ruthenium in CaO TV -r ^ ^ ' The amount of iron oxide that has not been reduced by retention. The CaO content of coal ash t Jtf %)

初始熔渣 形成溫度ΓΟ I 南非煤 3 加拿大簦丨I259 美國 €~1~1299 柙初始熔渣形成溫度 1294 10 20 30 40 60 1269 1263 1237 1238 ' 1269 1252 1234 1212 1301 - 1253 1240 1227 27 1307365 士已述者，本發明係關於自含有碳質還原劑和含氧化 鐵的材料之原料混合物製造金屬鐵之方法，此方法具有： 定出初始熔渣（其含有尾礦組份、未被還原的氧化鐵和碳質 遇原劑中之灰份，且為首次藉由加熱該原料混合物而在原 广匕δ物中產生）形成之目標溫度（此對應於金屬鐵之預定 目標碳濃度))的步驟；製備用以產生對應於目標溫度之初 始熔渣組成物之原料混合物的步驟；和加熱此原料混合物Initial slag formation temperature ΓΟ I South African coal 3 Canada 簦丨 I259 United States €~1~1299 柙 Initial slag formation temperature 1294 10 20 30 40 60 1269 1263 1237 1238 ' 1269 1252 1234 1212 1301 - 1253 1240 1227 27 1307365 The invention relates to a method for producing metallic iron from a raw material mixture containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and an iron oxide-containing material, the method having: determining an initial slag (which contains a tailings component, unreduced oxidation) a step of forming a target temperature (which corresponds to a predetermined target carbon concentration of the metallic iron) formed by the ash content of the iron and the carbonaceous material in the original agent and being produced by heating the raw material mixture for the first time; Preparing a raw material mixture for producing an initial slag composition corresponding to a target temperature; and heating the raw material mixture

c原#溶化原料混合物並產生初始熔渣的步驟。初始溶 渣：成的目標溫度可為特定溫度或具有特定上和下限的溫 二 此外根據裝置和/或步驟造成的操作限制，前 =特定酿度可以是在形成熔渣的組份的各組份組成之可 Λ 1圍中之间於最低溫度之溫度”。亦可將此稱為前述溫 度範圍内#上限"和”下限”。據此，可以有效率地製得具 有預疋碳濃度的金屬鐵。 實施前述方法肖，在製備步驟中，幵多成溶、產的組份可 二與含有氧化鐵的材料混合。在製備步驟中形成熔渣的 伤可以與石厌質還原劑混合。此原料混合物可以進一步含 —卜的原料’且在製備步驟中’形成熔渣的組份可以與 2的原料混合。在加熱步驟之前，可以進行引入含有形 查之組份的添加劑的步驟。此外，在加熱步驟中，可 =添加含有形成㈣的組份之形成炫㈣物劑。此外，代 助'查的物劑’可以改為添加含有形成溶渣之物劑的 助溶劑，志去j 物劑和含有开I形成炼逢之組份之形成炼潰的 /成熔渣之組份的助熔劑。換言之，前述的任 28 1307365 何步驟中，藉由添加第三種形成熔渣的組份，可以控制目 標溫度。 藉由實施至少一個前述操作，可以在製備、引入或加 熱原料混合物的階段選擇性地將須要之形成熔渣的組份添 加至初始熔渣中，結果可於目標溫度製備初始熔渣。 可藉由尾礦組份、留在還原反應中之未被還原的氧化 鐵和碳質還原劑的灰份之多組份相圖定出目標溫度。據 2 L紅組份的個別組份組成乃調㈣其可改變的 範圍内可以簡便地決定目標溫度（對應於在目標組成範園 之初始溶㈣成的最低溫度）。或者，事先研究初始炫邊形 成溫度和金屬鐵中的碳含量之間的關係、，亦可根據前述關 係，藉目標碳濃度定出目標溫度。據此，彳以適當地製造 具有目標碳濃度的金屬鐵。 此外，在加熱步驟之前’可以另有設定初始炼潰中之 未被還原的氧化鐵之目標濃度並計算含有氧化鐵的材料之The original step of melting the raw material mixture and producing the initial slag. Initial slag: the target temperature may be a specific temperature or a temperature having a specific upper and lower limits. Further, depending on the operational constraints imposed by the apparatus and/or the steps, the front = specific broth may be in each group of slag forming components. The composition may be 温度1 the temperature between the circumferences at the lowest temperature". This may also be referred to as the "upper limit" and "lower limit" in the aforementioned temperature range. Accordingly, the carbon concentration can be efficiently obtained. Metal iron. In the preparation method, in the preparation step, the components which are dissolved and produced can be mixed with the material containing iron oxide. The slag formed in the preparation step can be mixed with the stone anaerobic reducing agent. The raw material mixture may further contain a raw material 'and in the preparation step' the component forming the slag may be mixed with the raw material of 2. The step of introducing the additive containing the shaped component may be carried out before the heating step. In addition, in the heating step, the formation of the component (4) containing the component forming the (four) may be added. In addition, the agent for assisting the 'inspection' may be added with the auxiliary solvent containing the agent for forming the slag. j The agent and the flux containing the component forming the refining/slag forming component of the refining component. In other words, in any of the foregoing steps, by adding a third slag-forming slag The component can control the target temperature. By performing at least one of the foregoing operations, the slag-forming component can be selectively added to the initial slag at the stage of preparing, introducing or heating the raw material mixture, and the result can be achieved. The initial slag is prepared by temperature. The target temperature can be determined by the tailings component, the ash component of the unreduced iron oxide and the carbonaceous reducing agent remaining in the reduction reaction. According to the 2 L red group The composition of the individual components is adjusted. (4) The target temperature can be easily determined within the range that can be changed (corresponding to the lowest temperature at the initial composition of the target composition). Alternatively, the initial flash formation temperature and metal are studied in advance. The relationship between the carbon contents in the iron, and the target temperature can be determined by the target carbon concentration according to the above relationship. Accordingly, the crucible is appropriately produced to have a metallic iron having a target carbon concentration. Before the step, the target concentration of the unreduced iron oxide in the initial refining may be additionally set and the material containing the iron oxide may be calculated.

目標還原程度（對應於目標含量）的步驟，且在加熱步驟中， 直到含有氧化鐵的材料之摄周盗京、去μ 〇 _ 十乏還原耘度達到目標還原程度以 則，可以調整加熱溫度槿戎赤 厌镔式或遏原潛能，並可同時加熱。 據此’留在加熱和還肩φ μ巾之未細原的氧化鐵、經渗碳的 鐵可以真正地作為載體，蔣 軾體將奴帶至固態還原鐵的方向，結 果可以改良金屬鐵的整體產製效率。 此外’在加熱步驟中， Λ ^ 了以3有在還原反應中未被反 + 為基礎來進行加熱。據此，即使 在稼邊中之未被反應的氣 虱化鐵的篁減少，因為能夠確保金 29 1307365 屬鐵在熔渣中迅速移動，所以即使於已進行了還原反應的 階段，亦可以有效率地製造金屬鐵。 根據本發明，相較於本發明者發展之專利文件4中所 揭示的方法，藉由控制原料混合物中之尾礦組份、碳質還 原劑中的灰份及加熱和還原中殘留之未被還原的氧化鐵的 量（其量非小量），可以控制初始熔渣形成的溫度。據此， 可調整在所得的金屬鐵中的碳濃度，可以有效率地得到具 有所欲碳濃度的金屬鐵。此外’根據本發明，士口已詳細描 述者，藉由使用衍生自氧化鐵材料（含有氧化鐵的材料）之 熔化的鐵’其自原始的礦物進入熔渔中，料用於固離還 原鐵之渗碳處理之碳載體，迅速增進其滲碳作用，而可於 低溫熔化，結果產能可獲改良且用於金屬鐵製造的埶能消 耗降低。 【圖式簡單說明】The step of reducing the degree of the target (corresponding to the target content), and in the heating step, until the temperature of the material containing the iron oxide is reversed, and the degree of reduction is reached, the heating temperature can be adjusted. It can be used to heat up at the same time. According to this, the iron oxide and carburized iron which remain in the unheated and heated shoulders of the φ μ towel can be used as a carrier, and the scorpion will bring the slave to the direction of the solid reduced iron, and the result can improve the overall metal iron. Production efficiency. Further, in the heating step, Λ ^ was heated at a rate of 3 in the reduction reaction. According to this, even if the unreacted gas iron in the rim is reduced, since it can ensure that the gold 29 1307365 is rapidly moving in the slag, even in the stage where the reduction reaction has been carried out, there may be Efficiently manufacture metal iron. According to the present invention, by controlling the tailings component in the raw material mixture, the ash in the carbonaceous reducing agent, and the remaining in the heating and reduction, compared to the method disclosed in Patent Document 4 developed by the inventors The amount of reduced iron oxide (the amount of which is not small) can control the temperature at which the initial slag is formed. According to this, the carbon concentration in the obtained metallic iron can be adjusted, and the metallic iron having a desired carbon concentration can be efficiently obtained. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the method has been described in detail by using molten iron derived from an iron oxide material (a material containing iron oxide) from the original mineral into the melt fishing, and is used for solidifying reduced iron. The carburized carbon carrier rapidly increases its carburizing effect and can be melted at a low temperature, resulting in improved productivity and reduced consumption of metal iron. [Simple description of the map]

圖1以概念方式顯 渣中之熔化鐵的碳載體 所發現。 示熔化的氧化鐵之移動和含碳之熔 運動，此係由本發明的發明者之一 、圖2疋CaQ、Sl〇2、μα和㈣(這些是料的主要 組份）的多組份相圖。 的二：：示者為加熱和還原時，金屬化程度和未被還原 的FeO殘留量之間的關係。 圖4所示者為還原程度(此說明書中 程度”)變化與加熱和還原時間的關係圖。 至屬化 圖5所示者為溶逢中的氧化鐵（Fe〇)含量對於初始㈣ 30 1307365 的形成溫度和開始生成co氣體的溫度之影響。 圖6所示者為熔渣中的氧化鐵（FeO)含量對於初始熔渣 的形成溫度和開始生成CO氣體的溫度之影響。 圖7所示者為於初始熔渣的形成溫度和在前述溫度條 件下得到之熔化的金屬鐵（金屬鐵產物）中的碳濃度之間的 關係圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (無）Figure 1 is a conceptual representation of the carbon carrier of molten iron in the slag. Shows the movement of molten iron oxide and the movement of carbon-containing melt, which is a multi-component phase of one of the inventors of the present invention, Fig. 2, CaQ, Sl2, μα, and (d), which are the main components of the material. Figure. The second:: shows the relationship between the degree of metallization and the amount of unreduced FeO remaining during heating and reduction. Figure 4 shows the relationship between the degree of reduction (degree in this specification) and the heating and reduction time. The representative of Figure 5 shows the content of iron oxide (Fe〇) in the dissolution for the initial (four) 30 1307365 The formation temperature and the temperature at which the co gas is generated. Figure 6 shows the effect of the iron oxide (FeO) content in the slag on the formation temperature of the initial slag and the temperature at which the CO gas starts to be formed. The relationship between the initial slag formation temperature and the carbon concentration in the molten metal iron (metal iron product) obtained under the aforementioned temperature conditions. [Main component symbol description] (none)

3131

Claims (1)

1307365 十、申請專利範圍： 1.—種自含有碳質還原劑和含有氧化鐵的材料之原料 混合物製造金屬鐵之方法，包含： 定出初始熔渣形成之目標溫度（此對應於金屬鐵之預定 目軚奴濃度）的步驟，該初始熔渣含有尾礦組份、未被還原 的氧化鐵和碳質還原劑中之灰份，且為首次藉由加熱該原 料混合物而在原料混合物中產生熔渣； 製備用以產生對應於目標溫度之初始熔潰組 料混合物的步驟；和 之原 加熱此原料混合物以還原和熔化原㈣合物並產生初 始熔渣的步驟。 切 2.根據申請專利||圍第I 中， 頁之方法，其中在製備步驟 y成熔渣的組份與含有氧化鐵的材料混合Q 3 ·根據申請專利範圍第1或 步驟Φ πα· 飞 1之方法，其中在製備 '' ，形成熔渣的組份與碳質還原劑混合。1307365 X. Patent application scope: 1. A method for producing metal iron from a raw material mixture containing a carbonaceous reducing agent and a material containing iron oxide, comprising: determining a target temperature at which initial slag is formed (this corresponds to metal iron) a step of ordering the concentration of the slave, the initial slag containing the tailings component, the ash in the unreduced iron oxide and the carbonaceous reducing agent, and being produced in the raw material mixture for the first time by heating the raw material mixture Slag; a step of preparing an initial melt composition mixture corresponding to a target temperature; and a step of heating the raw material mixture to reduce and melt the original (tetra) compound and produce an initial slag. Cut 2. According to the application patent||Care I, page method, wherein the component which is slag in the preparation step y is mixed with the material containing iron oxide Q 3 · According to the patent application range 1 or step Φ πα· fly The method of 1, wherein the component forming the slag is mixed with the carbonaceous reducing agent. 4.根據申請專利範圍第！或2 人物S人士… 貝之方法’其中原料混 Q物另含有額外的原料，和 在製備步驟中，形成熔、杳 风烙/置的組伤與額外的原料混合。 5·根據申請專利範圍第j或 步驟之前，進一牛勺人2, ^ 之方法，其中在加熱 的步驟。 ，小成熔渣之組份的添加劑 6. 根據申請專利範圍第 步驟中，&力***有形成熔渣 7. 根據申請專利範圍第 1或2項之方法，其中在加熱 的組份之形成熔渣的物劑。 1或2項之方法，其中藉包含 32 1307365 尾礦組份、在還原反應中未被還原的氧化鐵和碳 的灰份之多組份相圖來定出目標溫度。 原^ 8. 根據中請專利範圍第1或/項之方法，^ 計形成初始料的溫度與金屬鐵中的碳濃度之間的關係估 及根據此關係，藉目標碳濃度定出目標溫产。 ’、 9. 根據申請專利範圍第丨或2項：方:。，其中 包含：在加熱步驟之前’設定初， 化鐵之目標含量及計算含有氧化鐵Μ中之未被還原的氧 應於該目標含量）的步驟，鐵的材料之目標還原度（對 其中在加熱步驟中，直到含有 度逹到目標還原度以前，調整加執 十’之還原程 能，並同時進行加熱。 —度^或還原反應潛 10. 根據申請專利範圍第i或2 步驟中，基於含有在還原反應中未 的纟中在加熱 的溶點來進行加熱。 錢鐵之熔潰4. According to the scope of the patent application! Or 2 people S people... The method of shellfish' in which the raw material mixed Q contains additional raw materials, and in the preparation step, a group of melted, smashed/setted wounds and additional raw materials are formed. 5. According to the application of patent scope before step j or step, enter a bovine spoon 2, ^ method, which is in the heating step. The additive of the component of the small slag. 6. According to the first step of the scope of the patent application, the & force port contains the formation of slag. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formation of the heated component A slag agent. The method of item 1 or 2, wherein the target temperature is determined by a multi-component phase diagram comprising 32 1307365 tailings component, iron oxide and carbon ash which are not reduced in the reduction reaction. Original ^ 8. According to the method of the first or the above patent scope, the relationship between the temperature of the initial material and the carbon concentration in the metallic iron is estimated. According to this relationship, the target temperature is determined by the target carbon concentration. . ', 9. According to the scope of application for patents or 2: Party:. , comprising: a step of setting the initial content of the iron, and calculating the content of the unreduced oxygen in the iron oxide slag to be at the target content before the heating step, the target degree of reduction of the material of the iron (for In the heating step, until the degree of reduction to the target degree of reduction, adjust the reduction process energy of the addition and simultaneously perform heating. - Degree ^ or reduction reaction potential 10. According to the i or 2 steps of the patent application scope, based on It is heated at a melting point containing ruthenium which is not in the reduction reaction. 十一、圖式： 如次頁。 33XI. Schema: As the next page. 33