TWI299805B - - Google Patents

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TWI299805B
TWI299805B TW093133228A TW93133228A TWI299805B TW I299805 B TWI299805 B TW I299805B TW 093133228 A TW093133228 A TW 093133228A TW 93133228 A TW93133228 A TW 93133228A TW I299805 B TWI299805 B TW I299805B
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liquid crystal
element substrate
substrate
alignment film
crystal device
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TW093133228A
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TW200517741A (en
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Takaaki Tanaka
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Seiko Epson Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133734Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by obliquely evaporated films, e.g. Si or SiO2 films
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133746Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for high pretilt angles, i.e. higher than 15 degrees
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133749Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for low pretilt angles, i.e. lower than 15 degrees
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13706Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13712Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Description

1299805 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關液晶裝置及電子機器,特別是有具有連 接於主動元件的畫素電極的液晶裝置的構成。 【先前技術】 一般液晶顯示裝置乃於一對基板間具有夾持液晶而成 的面板構造,該液晶的初期配向狀態乃根據液晶分子的特 性、和形成於基板的液晶側表面上的配向膜特性所限制。 該配向膜通常是採用施以利用布摩擦聚醯亞胺等之高分子 膜表面的硏磨處理,於特定方向具有配向性的配向性有機 膜。但此種高分子膜會有耐熱性和耐光性差的情形,而於 硏磨處理產生麈埃的緣故,會因該塵埃而產生配向不良。 更由於在基板表面有落差的話,未施行硏磨處理的部分更 易產生,藉此也會產生配向不良的情形。因此種配向不良 會導致白顯示之透過率降低和黒顯示之光漏等,故連帶顯 示畫像的反差降低。 特別是TFT主動矩陣型的液晶顯示裝置的情形,是在 形成著TFT陣列的元件基板上,形成欲開關控制掃描線、 資料線、電容線等之各種配線和畫素電極的TFT等構造要 素的緣故,起因於含有該些構造要素的複雜層構造而易於 配向膜的表面產生落差。因而,會造成起因於形成在元件 基板上的配向膜之不良的反差降低變大的問題。 於是,極力平坦地構成元件基板的表面部分(例如通 -4- (2) 1299805 過配線的領域等)的同時,對應於形成著上述TFT的元件 形成領域並對對向基板或元件基板形成遮光膜,會有因上 述落差引起的配向不良構成無法顯示的情形(例如參照日 本專利文獻1及2 )。而與上述同樣地極力平坦化元件基 板的表面部分的同時,以重疊於鄰接的畫素電極下的方式 形成圖案膜,藉此提高構成臨近於畫素間領域兩側的畫素 電極的端緣,藉此使得畫素電極的端緣和對向基板之間產 生的縱電場比橫電場更強,具有減低因橫電場之影響的情 形(例如參照日本專利文獻3 )。 另一方面,一般此種液晶顯示裝置在防止利用直流電 壓施加的液晶等的液晶劣化之觀點來看,採用使施加於各 畫素電極的電位極性產生周期性反轉的反轉驅動方式。該 反轉驅動方式乃於1圖框期間對各畫素供給同極性的電位 ,但若於每個圖框周期使各畫素的電位極性反轉的圖框反 轉驅動方式,與此同樣地會於每個圖框周期使各畫素的電 位極性反轉,但據知有於1圖框期間畫素行(line )的供 給電位產生交互反轉的狀態的1 Η反轉驅動方式(行反轉 驅動方式)、和於1圖框期間畫素列(column)的供給電 位產生交互反轉的狀態的1 S反轉驅動方式(列反轉驅動 方式)等。上述的圖框反轉驅動方式具有液晶材料壽命長 的優點,但會有起因於鄰接之畫素間的串音等產生閃燦, 且顯示等級降,故廣泛使用上述1 Η反轉驅動方式和1 S反 轉驅動方式。 【曰本專利文獻1】特開200 1 — 1 663 1 1號公報 (3) (3)1299805 【曰本專利文獻2】特開200 1 — 1 663 1 2號公報 【曰本專利文獻3】特開200 1 - 1 663 3 7號公報 【發明內容】 (發明欲解決的課題) 可是,上述習知的主動矩陣型的液晶顯示裝置會有落 差大的領域例如將元件形成領域以遮光膜覆蓋隱藏’藉此 妨礙畫素開口率提昇的問題。特別是近年來,畫面的高精 細化進步,隨此畫素間距變小時,主動元件的小型化和配 線的細寬幅化較困難的緣故,對畫素面積的上述元件形成 領域等的遮光面積比例增大開口率降低。因而,認爲因如 上述遮光的配向不良對策變得難於在今後進一步採用的狀 況。 另一方面,若液晶顯示裝置的驅動方式採用前述的 1 Η反轉驅動方式和1 S反轉驅動方式,於圖框內的畫素行 或是畫素列間,常施加逆極性的電位,就會因在相鄰接的 畫素電極間產生的橫電場而產生液晶的不連續線,就會有 所謂該部分的透過率降低和產生光漏等使顯示畫像反差降 低的問題。爲了改善此點,與上述同樣地將畫素間領域以 遮光膜覆蓋隱藏,但此乃如上述維持或提高開口率相反的 進行。而與上述同樣地,液晶顯示裝置的高精細化進步, 晝素間距愈窄小化,鄰接的畫素電極間距離也愈小,上述 橫電場的強度及及影響愈大。 於是本發明乃爲有鑑於上述問題的發明,其課題乃在 -6- (4) 1299805 於以不會令各畫素開口率降低的方法,來減 膜的液晶配向不良,藉此提供一高反差比且 的液晶裝置。 (用以解決課題的手段) 爲解決上述課題,本發明的第1液晶裝 有主動元件及導電連接於此的畫素電極的元 有對向於對向配置在前述元件基板的前述畫 電極的對向基板,和配置在前述元件基板與 之間的液晶層的液晶裝置,於前述元件基板 板之內面具有以相對於基板表面而傾斜於所 材料的柱狀構造物所製成的配向膜;前述液 正的介電異向性的液晶分子作爲主體所構成 基板的前述配向膜上的前述液晶分子的預傾 上4 5度以下,於前述對向基板的前述配向 晶分子的預傾角爲〇度以上未滿1 〇度爲其特 若根據該發明,使用以針對基板表面而 位的無機材料的柱狀構造物製成的配向膜, 生使用上述配向性高分子膜時所產生問題之 的部分’能減低起因於該塵埃的配向不良。 1¾ 3莫易於根據膜的形成條件控制液晶分子的 較大的設定預傾角),故能減輕如後述地因 配向歪斜的影響。此種配向膜可藉由將S i 〇 利用斜向蒸鍍法蒸鍍於基板上所形成。以S彳 低起因於配向 明亮之高等級 置,乃屬於具 件基板,和具 素電極的對向 前述對向基板 及前述對向基 定方位的無機 晶層是以具有 ;於前述元件 角爲1 〇度以 膜上的前述液 徵。 傾斜於特定方 藉此就不會產 硏磨時的塵埃 而由於此種配 預傾角(易於 橫電場引起的 寺之無機材料 〇形成配列著 (6) 1299805 的預傾角,且元件基板上的預傾角大的情形,藉此補足無 電壓施加時之光學特性不良產生縮小是很有效的,但若超 過1 〇度就沒有上述優點。 而本發明的第2液晶裝置,乃屬於具有主動元件及導 電連接於此的畫素電極的元件基板,和具有對向於對向配 置在前述元件基板的前述畫素電極的對向電極的對向基板 ,和配置在前述元件基板與前述對向基板之間的液晶層的 液晶裝置,於前述元件基板的內面具有以相對於基板表面 而傾斜於所定方位的無機材料的柱狀構造物所構成的配向 膜,前述液晶層是以具有負的介電異向性的液晶分子作爲 主體所構成,於前述元件基板的前述配向膜上的前述液晶 分子的預傾角爲85度以上未滿90度爲其特徵。 若根據該發明,採用以相對於基板表面而傾斜於特定 方位的無機材料的柱狀構造物製成的配向膜,藉此不會發 生使用上述配向性高分子膜時產生問題之硏磨時的塵埃的 部分,就能減低起因於該塵埃的配向不良。而此種配向膜 乃根據膜的形成條件而易於控制液晶分子的預傾角(易於 加大設定預傾角)的緣故,如後述地能減輕因橫電場的配 向歪斜影響。此種配向膜乃將Si 02等的無機材料利用斜 向蒸鍍法蒸鍍於基板上所形成。形成配列著以Si〇2傾斜 的柱狀構造物而成的配向膜,於垂直配向模式易於設定適 當的預傾角,預傾角的控制性也很良好。無機材料的傾斜 的柱狀構造物不光是前述的斜向蒸鍍法,也可藉由離子束 濺鍍法和MD S濺鍍法等之異向性濺鍍法所形成。 (7) 1299805 具有使用介電異向性爲負的液晶的垂直配向模式的液 晶層的情形,若預傾角很小,於無電場施加時液晶分子的 長軸相對於垂直方向而形成較大傾斜的姿勢的緣故,會於 液晶層產生旋光性或或複折射性等的光調制,導致黑顯示 的光漏反差降低。相反的若預傾角很大,上述配向膜的配 向規制力小,於電場施加時液晶分子傾倒的方位有誤差而 產生不連續線。亦即,於該垂直配向模式中,預傾角太小 或太大均會使反差降低。 在該垂直配向模式中,元件基板上的預傾角以8 5度 以上,未滿90度爲佳。若該預傾角未滿85度,於無電場 施加時,因液晶分子的光學異向性的光調制程度變大,反 差降低。另一方面,若預傾角爲90度,電壓施加時會因 不連續線引起反差降低。特別是不連續線不光是起因於預 傾角大,受到與鄰接畫素之間產生的橫電場的影響,也起 因於液晶分子的長軸易立起的情形。特別希望上述預傾角 爲大於8 7度、未滿8 9度未満。 無論上述那個發明,均對前記元件基板的前記配向膜 的基層表面施以平坦化處理爲佳。將元件基板的基層表面 的落差平坦化,藉此就能防止起因於基板上表面落差的配 向膜之形成不良。特別是在此種平坦化的基層表面上使用 斜向蒸鍍法形成上述配向膜的情形,能形成配向規制力誤 差少的良質配向膜。而像這樣元件基板的表面愈爲平坦, 鄰接畫素電極間的橫電場的影響愈大,上述元件基板上的 預傾角的構成要件就特別有效。 -10-

Claims (1)

  1. 正脊換頁 Ί299805 十、申請專利範圍 第931 3 3 22 8號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍修正本 民國97年4月18日修正 1 . 一種液晶裝置,乃屬於具有主動元件及導電連接於 此的畫素電極的元件基板,和具有對向於對向配置在前述 元件基板的前述畫素電極的對向電極的對向基板,和配置 在前述元件基板與前述對向基板之間的液晶層的液晶裝置 ,其特徵爲: 於前述元件基板及前述對向基板之內面具有以相對於 基板表面而傾斜於所定方位的無機材料的柱狀構造物所製 成的配向膜; 前述液晶層是以具有正的介電異向性的液晶分子作爲 主體所構成; 於前述元件基板的前述配向膜上的前述液晶分子的預 傾角爲1 0度以上45度以下,於前述對向基板的前述配向 膜上的前述液晶分子的預傾角爲0度以上未滿1 0度。 2 · —種液晶裝置,乃屬於具有主動元件及導電連接於 此的畫素電極的元件基板,和具有對向於對向配置在前述 兀件基板的前述畫素電極的對向電極的對向基板,和配置 在前述元件基板與前述對向基板之間的液晶層的液晶裝置 ,其特徵爲: 於前述元件基板的內面具有以相對於基板表面而傾斜 1299805 於所定方位的無機材料的柱狀構造物所構成的配向膜, 前述 '液晶®是以具有負的介電異向性的液晶分子作爲 主體所構成, 於前述元件基板的前述配向膜上的前述液晶分子的預 傾角爲8 5度以上未滿9 〇度。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所記載的液晶裝置 ,其中,前述配向膜是藉由斜向蒸鍍法所形成。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所記載的液晶裝置 ’其中’前述配向膜是藉由異方性濺鍍法所形成。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第〗項或第2項所記載的液晶裝置 ,其中,形成前述配向膜的材料是含有SiO、Si02、SiN、 MgO、MgF2、Al2〇3、Ti02 的至少一種。 6 _如申請專利範圍第丨項或第2項所記載的液晶裝置 ’其中’在前述元件基板的前述配向膜的基底表面施以平 坦化處理。 7.如申請專利範圔第6項所記載的液晶裝置,其中, 前述畫素和前述對向電極之平面式重疊的領域所構成的畫 素領域的表面落差是以成爲1 μηι以下的方式施以前述平坦 化處理。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所記載的液晶裝置 ’其中,具有以前述圖框反轉驅動所驅動的液晶驅動手段 -2-
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JP2002116464A (ja) 2000-10-11 2002-04-19 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 垂直配向型ecbモード液晶表示素子
JP2002244135A (ja) 2001-02-19 2002-08-28 Seiko Epson Corp 液晶装置および投射型表示装置、電子機器
JP4095256B2 (ja) 2001-03-29 2008-06-04 セイコーエプソン株式会社 液晶装置及び電子機器
JP3840922B2 (ja) 2001-06-18 2006-11-01 セイコーエプソン株式会社 液晶装置および液晶装置の製造方法、投射型液晶装置並びに電子機器
JP4274713B2 (ja) * 2001-09-11 2009-06-10 シャープ株式会社 液晶表示装置および光学素子、並びにこれらの製造方法

Cited By (1)

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TWI412014B (zh) * 2009-02-18 2013-10-11 Sony Corp 液晶顯示設備

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JP2005173544A (ja) 2005-06-30
US7283191B2 (en) 2007-10-16
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CN1619387A (zh) 2005-05-25
KR20050048524A (ko) 2005-05-24
US20050146665A1 (en) 2005-07-07

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